专题03 题型策略-词句猜测题-2025年中考英语一轮复习阅读理解精讲精练(通用版)

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（2024·广东广州·中考真题）Have yu ever heard f upcycling? It is a way f turning ld r unnecessary things int smething useful and ften beautiful.
Is it the same as recycling? Recycling usually takes ld things, like paper and glass, and breaks them dwn t make a new prduct. When yu upcycle an bject, yu are prbably ding smething different. Yu can simply refashin it. Fr example, yu might make a bag ut f an ld T-shirt. Als, the upcycled bject is usually in the same, r even better cnditin.
Upcycling isn’t a new idea. Sme f the best examples f mdem-day upcycling cme frm the ld times. In thse days, things were repurpsed ver and ver until they were n lnger useful. Upcycling is a way f life. Things shuldn’t be just thrwn away when they can be saved and turned int smething useful.
It’s clear that upcycling is green. It is als cnsidered t be mre envirnmentally friendly than recycling. Upcycling can just require yur wn ideas and wrk, but recycling requires energy (能源) r water t break dwn things.
Grace, a yung wman frm the UK, takes used tea bags and turns them int dresses, shes and even hats. Every day she drinks sme tea, then dries ut the tea bags with the tea still in them. When they’re dry, she takes the tea ut and puts the bags tgether t make an item f clthing. This can take a lng time, but Grace has made lts f artwrks.
In fact, n matter yu create bjects frm ld things r buy ready-made prducts frm upcycled things, bth ways are helpful fr the envirnment and can bring yu smething that’s bth beautiful and useful. Get started tday!
1. What des the underlined wrd “refashin” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Break dwn useless things.B. Cllect used things.
C. Create things ut f ld nes.D. Cme up with gd ideas.
2. Hw is upcycling different frm recycling?
A. It’s a cmpletely new idea.B. It needs mre energy.
C. It requires mre time and wrk.D. It’s a greener way f life.
3. Why des the writer tell the stry f Grace in paragraph 5?
A. T list the steps f ding upcycling.B. T give a gd example f upcycling.
C. T express a different idea f upcycling.D. T prvide basic knwledge f upcycling.
4. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T encurage peple t d upcycling.B. T intrduce the histry f upcycling.
C. T cmpare upcycling with recycling.D. T explain the imprtance f recycling
【答案与解析】本文主要讲述了升级回收 （upcycling）的概念、与普通回收（recycling）的区别、其环保优势以及通过 Grace 的故事展示了 “升级回收 ” 的实际应用，旨在鼓励人们进行“升级回收 ”。
1 词义猜测题。根据“Fr example, yu might make a bag ut f an ld T-shirt”可知，refashin的意思是“用旧的东西创造新的东西”，故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据“It’s clear that upcycling is green. It is als cnsidered t be mre envirnmentally friendly than recycling”可知，“升级回收”是一种更环保的生活方式，故选D。
3. 细节理解题。根据“Grace, a yung wman frm the UK, takes used tea bags and tums them int dresses, shes and even hats”可知，作者通过Grace的故事来举一个“升级回收 ”的好例子，故选B。
4. 推理判断题。根据“Get started tday!”以及全文内容可知，文章的主要目的是鼓励人们进行“升级回收 ”，故选A。
知识积累
根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义是英语阅读理解题重要出题方向之一，也是考查考生英语语言能力和 文化品格的一种重要方式。词义猜测题可以针对单词、短语的意思进行命题考查，还可以针对某一句子的准确理解或代词的精确指代进行设题。除了直接考查单词或短语词义猜测外，在阅读理解文章中，总会有一些单词或短语超出了《考试大纲》词汇表的范围，但又没有附加注释，也需要考生猜测，这也是对词义猜测的一种间接考查。
【策略1】词义猜测法
词义猜测指通过构词、定义、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及语境等确定词义。通常包括生词释义、
熟词新义。考查学生联系主旨、结合上下文对词汇的理解辨别能力。
【典例示例】
A wman bught a parrt frm a pet stre. Hwever, the wman decided t return the parrt t the shp the next
day.
"This bird desn't talk," she tld the pet shp wner.
"Des he have a mirrr in his cage (笼子)?" the wner asked. "Parrts lve mirrrs."
The wman bught a mirrr and left. The next day she came back, saying that the bird still wasn't talking.
The underlined wrd "parrt" in paragraph 1 means " " in Chinese.
A.孔雀 B.鹦鹉 C.鸽子 D. 老鹰
【策略分析】
Step1：分析理解词汇所在句的含义：一位女士从宠物店买了一只。判断 parrt 的含义且原句没有太多
线索，需继续在下文中找线索。
Step2：定位分析线索句："This bird desn't talk," she tld the pet shp wner.（ “这只鸟不会说话” ，她告诉宠
物店老板。）
Step3：定位答案：结合选项及常识可知，选项中“鹦鹉”可以学会说话，划线词应意为“鹦鹉” ，确定答案为
B。
【策略2】短语猜测法
短语猜测是指利用上下文语境推测短语的意义。考查学生联系主旨、结合上下文对词组的理解辨别能
力。
【典例示例】
Jim likes sugar and cakes very much. He always eats sme fd with sugar befre ging t bed.
One mrning, Jim was crying in bed befre he gt up.
"What's the matter, dear?" his mther asked in a hurry.
"I've gt a tthache," said Jim.
S his mther tk him t the dentist's. The dentist lked him ver and pulled ut his bad tth at last.
Tw days later, Jim went t schl. Mrs. Hunt asked him, "What was the matter with yu thse days, Jim?"
"I had a had tthache, madam," answered Jim.
"Oh, I'm srry t hear that," said Mrs. Hunt. "Is it better nw?"
"I dn't knw, madam. I left it at the dentist's."
What is the Chinese meaning f the underlined phrase "pull ut"?
A.切开 B.拔掉 C.缝补 D.组装
【策略分析】
Step1：分析理解词汇所在句的含义：牙医给他做了检查，最后他的坏牙；
Step2： 定位分析线索句： The dentist lked him ver(检查) and pulled ut his bad tth at last. 以及最后一
句 I left it at the dentist's. （我把它留在了牙医店，此处的 it 指代坏的牙齿）；
Step3：定位答案：分析可知，牙医检查了他的牙齿，并最后拔掉了坏牙，确定答案为 B。
【策略3】根据近义词/反义词猜测词义法
在同一、同一段或同一篇文章中，作者为了避免语言的单调、重复，有时会使用意思相同或相近的词。因此， 考生只要读懂上下文，知道其中一个单词的意思，就能猜出另外一个单词的意思。此外，有时作者也 会用表示对比或转折的信号词连接意思相反的两个词或句子，这时就可根据反义词线索猜测词义。表示对 比或反义的信号词/短语常见的有: (whether) , unlike, but, yet, hwever, while, althugh, instead, rather than,,
n the ther hand 等
【典例示例】
There is a supermarket next t my huse. Yu can buy all kinds f things there. The clthes in it are expensive,
but the fd is cheap...
The Chinese meaning f “cheap” is .
A.美味的 B. 昂贵的 C.难的 D.廉价的
【策略分析】
Step1：理解词汇所在句子：里面的衣服很昂贵，但是食物是 。
Step2：分析句子：:expensive 是我们学过的一个单词，意为“ 昂贵的”。前半句意为“里面的衣服很贵”。利
用 but 的转折意义和 expensive 的含义可猜出 cheap 表示“廉价的” ，应选 D 项
Step3：定位答案：结合选项含义可知，确定答案为 D。
【策略4】构词法猜词法
在阅读文章时，总会遇上一些新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意，而它们对文章的理解又有着举 足轻重的作用，此时，如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识，如前缀 un-表反义词，如 happy-unhappy, fair-unfair 等; 后缀-ment 表名词, 如 develp-develpment, state-statement 等; 后-er、-r 或-ist 表同源名词: 如 calculate-calculatr, visit-visitr, wait-waiter, science-scientist 等，如果一来，这些问题便不难解决了。【典例示例】
3D VR Glasses
This is a new arrival 3D VR Shinecn Helmet virtual(虚拟的) reality glasses.
It supprts many smartphne mdels with Andrid r IOS system. Put yur phne int the VR glasses and enter the virtual reality wrld. Yu can enjy the super big screen effect f 3D vides. N need t g t cinemas.
Yu can als play 3D games with it.
Specificatin (说明书)
Brand (商标) Name: Gtek
Size: 190mm X 135mm X 85mm
Weight: 500g
Lens (镜头): HD Optical Resin Augmented
Lens Diameter: 30mm
Phne Supprted: Screen size frm 3.5 t 6.0 inches, phne
Length: less than 160mm, width less than 85mm
The underlined wrd "Length" prbably means in Chinese.
A.长度 B.宽度 C.厚度 D.高度
【策略分析】
Step1：分析理解词汇所在句子： less than 160mm, width less than 85mm(小于 160mm，宽度小于 85mm)
Step2：定位分析线索句： width 意为“ 宽度” ，th 是名词后缀 less than 85mm（宽度小于 85 毫米）；length
是 lng(意为“长的”)的名词形式，意为“长度” ，根据构词法演变而来。
Step3：定位答案：分析选项 A.长度 length；B.宽度 width；C.厚度 thickness；D.高度 height。确定答案为
A。
【策略5】指代猜测法
指代猜测指依据语境的逻辑关系， 判断划线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象。 考查考生对
文章中叙述的特定的人、物、事件的再认能力。解这类题时，应注意代词指代的总原则——就近指代。
【典例示例】
When yu travel t ther cuntries, yu can be served with different new fds and knw mre things abut different custms( 风俗). Yu read all these frm bks in the past, but nw yu have a chance t knw them clearly. Yu can als make new friends frm different cuntries. They can help yu knw mre abut their wn
cuntries.
What des the underlined wrd "them" refer t in Paragraph 3?
A. Friends. B. Teachers. C. Cuntries. D. Custms.
【策略分析】
Step1：分析理解题干及选项：结合题干可知本题考查点为指代猜测，选项含义 A.朋友 B. 老师 C. 国家
D. 习俗
Step2： 定位分析线索句：根据第一句"When yu travel t ther cuntries, yu can be served with different new fds and knw mre things abut different custms (风俗)."当你去其他国家旅行时，你可以吃到不同的新食 物， 了解更多关于不同习俗的事情， 由此可知下一句所说的在书中了解的是关于习俗的事情， 有机会清晰
地了解他们也是指的风俗。
Step3：定位答案：结合选项含义可知，确定答案为 D。
突破练习
1
（2024·安徽合肥·三模）
On June 30, 2021, Zhai M, a Chinese, set sail (航行) frm Shanghai. The man wanted t live ut ne f his lifelng dreams: circling the Arctic Ocean.
Over the next 503 days, he traveled abut 52,000 kilmeters. Finally, n Nvember 15, 2022, Zhai safely returned t Shanghai in his sailbat. He received a her’s welcme. The 54-year-ld successfully sailed arund the Arctic Ocean withut stpping.
When Zhai set ff, he planned t finish his jurney in nly fur mnths. But because f mving ice and unexpected weather cnditins, he had t repeatedly change his plan. During the winter, the temperature even drpped t 70 degrees belw zer. And fr several times, he nearly became bears’ dinner.
Accrding t Zhai, just a few years ag, it was impssible t sail arund the Arctic Ocean. Because f glbal (全球的) warming, hwever, the ice in the Arctic is quickly melting. He hpes his jurney will draw the wrld’s attentin t the influence that human activities are having n the envirnment.
Nw Zhai has already set his next gal: circling arund Antarctica. “Every difficult jurney makes me a strnger man,” he said. “I’m interested in testing ut my whle ability.”
1. Which f the fllwing is ne f Zhai’s lifelng dreams?
A. Buying a sailbat.B. Mving t Shanghai.
C. Sailing with bears.D. Circling the Arctic Ocean.
2. What can we knw abut Zhai’s jurney?
A. It started in 2022.B. He didn’t change his plans fr it.
C. It tk fur mnths.D. He met many difficulties during it.
3. What des the underlined wrd “melting” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese?
A. 融化B. 发光C. 染色D. 下沉
4. Which f the fllwing best describes Zhai?
A. Kind-hearted.B. Humrus.C. Strng-minded.D. Lucky.
2
（2024·湖北·模拟预测）Recently, the first applicatin (应用) f cncrete 3D printing technlgy in building cnstructin (建筑) in Hubei prvince, the new cuntryside husing prject in Daye, was fficially delivered.
Built by the First Cmpany f China Cnstructin Third Engineering Bureau (中建三局一公司) , the Daye cuntryside husing prject is a prvincial﹣level pilt prject in Huangshi city, cvering an area f 20 hectares. The prject’s cmmunity design cmbines cuntryside huses, cuntryside parks, high﹣standard farmland and landscaping t create a picturesque neighbrhd.
The prject manager, Yuan Hu, explained that 90 percent f each structure is prefabricated, allwing the main structure t be cmpleted in 4 t 5 days. The huse walls, inside and utside decratins are made frm high﹣perfrmance green and envirnmentally friendly materials, which prvide enugh thermal and sund insulatin, waterprfing, and a cmfrtable living envirnment year﹣rund.
Thanks t the three﹣step design, lading and 3D printing prcess, each huse can be built in just a week. The advanced design and cnstructin technlgy stand fr an upgrade t cuntryside husing develpment and the cnstructin industry in general.
Energy﹣saving is included thrughut the prject. Rftp panels cnnect t a heat cllectin water tank which is placed in the equipment interlayer belw the split rf, reducing the need fr additinal pressure pump sets.
The prject team is currently develping a cuntryside park and areas fr fishing, wdcutting, farming, reading, landscaping and fruit tree planting. Other tasks include land leveling, farmland slpe prtectin, sil fertility prtectin and building irrigatin (灌溉) and drainage ditches (排水沟) and rads.
1. Where des the first applicatin f 3D printing technlgy in cnstructin happen?
A. The First Cmpany f China Cnstructin Third Engineering Bureau.
B. The new cuntryside husing prject in Daye.
C. Building cnstructin (建筑) in Hebei prvince.
D. The Daye cuntryside farmland prject in Huangshi city.
2. What is the purpse f the cuntryside husing prject?
A. T build cuntryside huses.
B. T build cuntryside parks.
C. T imprve high﹣standard farmland.
D. T create a picturesque neighbrhd.
3. What des the underlined wrd “prefabricated”mean?
A. 预制的B. 人造的C. 制造的D. 编造的
4. Which is NOT the advantage f 3D printing cnstructin material?
A. It saves cnstructin time.
B. It is green and envirnmentally friendly.
C. It is waterprfing.
D. It prvides a cmfrtable living envirnment nly in summer.
5. What can yu infer frm the last paragraph?
A. The prject team has develped a cuntryside park and areas fr fishing.
B. Wdcutting, farming, reading are ppular in the area.
C. The prject is nt finished and still has a lng way t g.
D. Land leveling, farmland slpe prtectin are nt prblems.
3
（2024·广东中山·三模）There is great excitement and argument ver Artificial Intelligence (AI). The argument abut whether rbts will replace teachers in the classrm is very heated. Sme peple think it is sure t happen in the next ten years. Others think that the value a gd teacher brings, nt nly t the classrm setting, but in develping a child’s cnfidence and creativity utside lessns, cannt be easily replaced.
AI is nt new fr us and is already being used successfully in many fields, such as medicine, science and s n. S what des this mean fr ur future? In my view, AI will help kids t think mre freely and creatively. Can AI pssibly cut dwn the teaching wrk in the future? Of curse. Our teachers are always busy preparing fr their lessns. Just imagine hw happy they will be if they dn’t have t crrect hundreds f papers, but instead, have this task r thers dne by machines.
Hwever, mst imprtantly, I d nt believe AI will be able t imitate the human mental cnditin ttally, especially emtinal intelligence (情商). What makes learning unfrgettable is shared experience, human interactin, and lng-lasting psitive relatinships. Fr example, experienced teachers can cmfrt a student if he has suffered a serius lss. But n research shws that rbts can imitate this well.
I als believe we need t develp ur kids’ persnality and their ability nt nly t make decisins but als make the right decisin. T achieve this, depending nly n AI is impssible.
In shrt, AI has bth its advantages and disadvantages. T what degree can teachers use AI in their classes? Yu can have all the infrmatin yu want with the help f AI, but great teachers will als need t depend n their wn feelings.
1. The writer starts the passage by ________.
A. telling a stryB. cmparing different views
C. pinting ut his pininD. giving sme suggestins
2. What is Paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. The successful usage f AI in many fields.
B. AI helps teachers t crrect hundreds f papers.
C. Hw helpful AI will be t bth students and teachers.
D. Teachers can help kids think mre freely and creatively than AI.
3. What’s the meaning f the underlined wrd “imitate” in Paragraph 3?
A. Imagine.B. Prduce.C. Cntrl.D. Cpy.
4. What’s the structure f the passage? (P—Paragraph)
A. B. C. D.
5. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Will AI Replace Teachers in the Classrm?
B. What can AI Bring Students in the Classrm?
C. Is AI a Gd Way t Help with Children’s Learning?
D. Hw d Teachers Use AI in Their Classrm Teaching?
4
（2024·山西朔州·模拟预测）On Jrdyn Perez’s eighth birthday, her mm suggested a new way t celebrate her birthday—giving away her gifts t a children’s hspital. “I have already had everything I needed, and these kids wh were ging thrugh hard times in hspital needed them t cheer up mre than I did,” Jrdyn said.
Nw as a student in high schl, Jrdyn cntinues t bring jy t kids and teens wh have serius illnesses. Kids can be in hspital fr lts f reasns. Fr example, asthma (哮喘), a cnditin that causes breathing prblems, is a tp reasn fr yunger children in her cuntry. Kids at the age f 12 and lder mre ften see a dctr fr mental (精神的) health prblems. Whatever the patient’s age r illness, a hspital stay can be stressful. Effrts like Jrdyn’s are a bright spt during a difficult time.
Jrdyn’s first gift drive was in 2016. Since then, it has kicked ff each year in early Nvember, a few weeks befre her birthday. Alng with an invitatin t her party, Jrdyn’s friends get a list f gift ideas fr kids in hspital. The number f gifts grws every year. “Seeing ther peple’s happiness—that’s all that matters t me,” Jrdyn says.
Natalie Gutierrez, a nurse at a children’s hspital, has seen Jrdyn’s gift-giving activity fr many years. “She puts smiles n the faces f these little patients in ur hspital and n ur nurses and dctrs,” Gutierrez says. “They are all amazed at her genersity (慷慨) at such a yung age.”
Jrdyn’s effrts t help kids in hspital have encuraged thers t fllw in her ftsteps. Her friends have vlunteered in different kinds f rganizatins, t. And Jrdyn’s 7-year-ld sister helps animals by wrking at the Animal Sciety. “Helping thers, it’s just a gd feeling t have at the end f the day,” Jrdyn says. “I want t keep ding this as lng as I can.”
1. What des Jrdyn think abut her gift-giving?
A. Kids in hspital need sme gifts t cheer up.
B. She shuld give away new things t help children.
C. Gifts need t be sent t kids wh are yunger than her.
2. What des the underlined phrase “a bright spt” mean?
A. A frce fr gd.B. A big prblem.C. A serius situatin.
3. Why are Natalie Gutierrez’s wrds mentined?
A. T make peple pay attentin t her patients.
B. T shw the imprtance f the health prblems.
C. T praise the actins f gift-giving frm Jrdyn.
4. What can we infer (推断) frm the last paragraph?
A. Animals are having a difficult time at the Animal Sciety.
B. Mre and mre peple take part in activities abut helping.
C. If yu give smething t thers,yu will get smething frm thers.
5. What is the best title f the passage?
A. Caring abut Patients in Need
B. A Special Way t Celebrate the Birthday
C. Sme Advice n Hw t Make Friends
5
（2024·广东汕头·二模）Glaciers (冰川) hld abut 70% f the Earth’s fresh water. They are large pieces f clsely packed ice and snw. Glaciers nly frm in places where it is very cld. Every year, new snw falls n tp f the ld snw. The layers (层) f snw press dwn n each ther, and then the snw crystals (晶体) start t change. They get smaller, and air pckets are pushed ut f the snw. This allws the crystals t grw lnger. Over time, the snw layer at the bttm f all the ther snw layers becmes ice. The whle prcess f making a glacier takes abut 100 years.
Sme ice is packed s clsely that it lks like it is blue. The snw n tp f a glacier lks white because it reflects all f the light. But the ice layers f the glacier d nt have many air pckets. They absrb different parts f light and reflect blue light.
Sme f the glaciers n the Earth may be very ld. Scientists think that a few glaciers have ice that is abut 8 millin years ld. Nt all f the glaciers are that ld, thugh. A number f glaciers in Alaska (阿拉斯加) are nly abut 100 years ld.
There are different kinds f glaciers. An ice stream is a kind f glacier that frms n anther glacier, and it lks like a frzen river. Rck glaciers are made when ice, rck, and ther bjects get mixed tgether.
1. Which is the crrect prcess f frming a glacier?
①New snw falls n tp f the ld snw. ②The snw crystals grw lnger.
③Air pckets are pushed ut f the snw. ④The layers f snw press dwn n each ther.
⑤The snw layer at the bttm becmes ice.
A. ①②④③⑤B. ①④③②⑤C. ⑤②④③①D. ⑤④③②①
2. The underlined wrd “absrb” in Paragraph 2 prbably means “________”.
A. cut dwnB. give utC. make upD. take in
3. Why des the writer talk abut Alaska’s glaciers?
A. Because sme f the glaciers are nt very ld.
B. Because they are the ldest glaciers n the Earth.
C. Because the weather in Alaska is very cld.
D. Because the rcks in them are valuable.
4. Hw des the writer supprt his idea in the last paragraph?
A. By asking questins.B. By shwing numbers.
C. By giving examples.D. By telling stries.
5. What is the purpse f this passage?
A. T make an intrductin abut glaciers.B. T describe different kinds f fresh water.
C. T pint ut the imprtance f glaciers.D. T intrduce the influence f cld weather.
6
（2024·湖南长沙·三模）
Earlier, nly face-t-face cmmunicatin was pssible, but with the develpment f technlgy, we nw have the phne, email, vide calls and s n. It has becme easier and much cheaper t cmmunicate r have a cnversatin. We can easily cmmunicate with ur lved nes, whether they’re clse r far away.
Face-t-face cmmunicatin includes direct persnal interactin (互动). Bth parties can see each ther’s bdy language and facial expressins, and understand them easily, leading t mre effective cmmunicatin. A study has shwn that in ur day-t-day life when we interact with smene face t face, we have a nnverbal (非言语的) cmmunicatin f abut 93%. In additin, face-t-face cmmunicatin is mre effective in building trust and making deeper cnnectins.
But cnsidering the lng distance (距离) and time cst, face-t-face cmmunicatin may nt be the best chice. S there, telephne, email, etc. are preferred. Withut telephne cnversatin, sme wrk may be difficult t get dne in time. The cnversatin varies depending n what relatinship yu have with the caller. Fr example, it will be infrmal (非正式的) if yu talk t yur clse friends r relatives. But if yu are having a prfessinal telephne cnversatin, then it will be frmal. Yu must have a lt f practice and cnfidence t interact with the caller.
Telephne cnversatins have n nnverbal cues (暗示), but they ffer the cnvenience f cmmunicating frm a distance and at any time. Als, as they cannt see each ther, bth parties can speak withut being under pressure.
S, which d yu prefer?
1. Accrding Paragraph 1, what makes cmmunicatin easier and cheaper?
A. The grwth f ppulatin.
B. The imprvement f educatin.
C. The develpment f technlgy.
2. What are the advantages f face-t-face cmmunicatin?
① Building trust. ② Making deeper cnnectins.
③ Interacting directly. ④ Cmmunicating frm a distance.
A. ①②④B. ①②③C. ②③④
3. What des the underlined wrd “varies” mean in Paragraph 3?
A. 变化B. 支持C. 模仿
4. What’s the best title f the text?
A. The Pwer f Face-t-face Cmmunicatin
B. The Strength f Telephne Cmmunicatin
C. Cmmunicatin Chices: Face t face vs. Telephne
7
（2023·陕西西安·模拟预测）Dragns are nt real animals. With fantastic pwers, dragns can fly in the sky and swim in the sea. They can make rain, t. In China, dragns are a symbl f strength and gd luck. The emperrs in ancient China all lved dragns. They usually wre clthes with many dragns.
As Chinese, we are prud t call urselves the “descendants (传人) f the dragn”. In Chinese, we ften call preeminent peple “dragns”. When we want t shw their gd wish fr a child, we ften tell the child’s parents, “Hping yur child will becme a dragn!” Because it means the child will be excellent and successful in the future.
Chinese like t use animals t name years. It is said that the peple wh are brn in the Year f the dragn are usually creative, cnfident and brave. Here are sme examples wh were brn in the Year f the dragn. They are Sng Qingling, Cai Yuanpei, Gu Mru and Deng Xiaping. They are all successful and they all did lts f great things fr China.
In China, there are sme traditinal festivals abut dragns such as Dragn Head-Raising Day and the Dragn Bat Festival. Chinese have different kinds f activities t celebrate them. These tw festivals cme every year, but the Year f the dragn cmes every twelve years.
Dragns are very imprtant in Chinese culture. As the “descendants f the dragn”, it is necessary fr us t knw mre culture abut dragns. It can help us understand why ur parents always want us t be “dragns”.
My dear friends, next year will be the Year f the dragn. Gd luck t yu!
1. What des the underlined wrd “preeminent” mean in the passage?
A. Excellent and successful.B. Rich but lazy.
C. Lazy and pr.D. Successful but terrible.
2. We all knw next year is the Year f the dragn. The last year f the dragn was in ______.
A. 2009B. 2010C. 2011D. 2012
3. Where can we read this passage?
A. Frm a bk abut Chinese fd.B. Frm a gegraphy magazine.
C. Frm a bk abut Chinese culture.D. Frm a bilgy test paper.
8
（2024·海南海口·一模）
Why did Chinese peple have mre than ne name in ancient times?
In ancient China, peple’s names had three parts, their family name, given name and curtesy name. Take famus pet Li Bai fr example. His family name, which came frm his father’s name, was Li. His given name was Bai, and his curtesy name was Taibai.
Peple used their given names when they were amng family members. But in scial life, they called each ther by their curtesy names t shw respect. This was mstly dne amng peple f similar age. If yu were talking abut yurself, r if yur elders were talking abut yu, the given name wuld be used instead f the curtesy name.
Men wuld get their curtesy names when they turned 20. It was a symbl f adulthd (成年礼). Wmen wuld get their curtesy names after getting married.
One’s curtesy name ften had smething t d with ne’s given name. Fr example, the name f Mencius was Meng Ke. His curtesy name was Ziyu. Bth Ke and Ziyu mean “carriage (马车)”. Zhuge Liang’s given name was Liang, which means “bright”. His curtesy name was Kngming, which means “very bright”.
1. There are ______ parts in peple’s names in ancient China.
A. threeB. furC. five
2. The underlined wrd “curtesy” in Paragraph 2 means “______” in Chinese.
A. 名B. 昵称C. 字
3. Why did peple call each ther by their curtesy names in scial life?
A. T shw their lve.
B. T shw their gd relatinship.
C. T shw their respect.
4. __________ wuld be used if yur elders were talking abut yu.
A. Family nameB. Curtesy nameC. Given name
5. What’s the main idea f the passage?
A. The famus pet Li Bai.
B. Three parts f ancient names.
C. The ancient names and the mdern names.
9
（2024·海南海口·一模）Develped by US cmpany OpenAI, ChatGPT has taken the Internet by strm, winning 100 millin users since it came ut in Nvember 2022. Peple can ask the rbt t write stries and emails, create instructins fr cking a certain fd, translate languages, and answer all kinds f questins. In its wn wrds, it is “a language mdel trained in a large amunt f Internet text t help users get human-like text”.
Cmpared with Siri r ther chatbts (聊天机器人), ChatGPT uses a much bigger infrmatin center fr training. It als uses strnger sftware (软件) and hardware t learn things by itself. Fr example, if it prvides a wrng answer t yur questin, yu can tell it the right ne and it will crrect itself. “It’s a ttally different chatbt,” cmputer scientist Liu Xiaguang frm Nankai University tld Tianjin Daily. “The knwledge level ChatGPT shws is the same as a university student. That’s why it shcked (震惊) the wrld.”
But ne big prblem with ChatGPT is that it makes mistakes r even gives false infrmatin. When Rezza, a 28-year-ld frm Indnesia, used the rbt t write an essay (论文), it “gave ut many examples which ther writers actually hadn’t mentined at all”, he tld The Guardian. Since the rbt is trained using wrds frm the Internet, it can als pick up biases (偏见) abut certain grups. These are all things that need t be dealt with.
1. Which can replace the underlined part in Paragraph 1?
A. has been very famus nline
B. has dne harm t the Internet
C. has brught strng wind and heavy rain
2. ChatGPT can’t ________ accrding t the passage.
A. answer all kinds f questins B. write stries and emailsC. ck fd
3. Why did ChatGPT shck the wrld?
A. Because it can find mistakes by itself.
B. Because it wrks differently frm ther chatbts.
C. Because its knwledge level is as high as a university student.
4. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. ChatGPT can’t write an essay.
B. ChatGPT may give false infrmatin.
C. ChatGPT can’t get n well with humans.
5. What might be the best title f the text?
A. The histry f ChatGPT.
B. ChatGPT is catching the wrld’s eyes.
C. Will ChatGPT take the place f humans?