【寒假衔接讲义】人教版（2019）高中英语高一英语寒假第05讲 完形填空（教师版+学生版）.zip

这是一份【寒假衔接讲义】人教版（2019）高中英语高一英语寒假第05讲 完形填空（教师版+学生版）.zip，文件包含寒假衔接讲义人教版2019高中英语高一英语寒假第05讲完形填空教师版docx、寒假衔接讲义人教版2019高中英语高一英语寒假第05讲完形填空学生版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共46页， 欢迎下载使用。
【知识讲解】
通读全文，掌握文章主旨大意，重视首句，了解文章背景。找出文章中的时间，地点，人物，事件，起因，结果等线索，理清文章的脉络，弄清楚作者的写文章的思路和用意。
（一）利用首句信息，了解文章主旨
完型填空的文章第一句往往是文章的主题句，不设空。把握主题句对于全文的理解有很大帮助。例如：
1.Leaping n the narrw balance beam is nt easy. But Lla Walter,a 13-year-ld gymnast, is an expert at it.T perfect her skills,Lala_______fr fur hurs a day , five days a week.At the date champinships in March, she finished seventh ut fr 16 girls.
runs B.danced C.trained D.exercised
由But Lla Walter, a 13-year-ld gymnast,is an expert at it可知她是一名体操运动员，所以空格处应填trained训练，其他几项不符合语境。
(二)寻找暗示信息，重视语境意义。
完型填空主要考查对语境的理解，所以在做题时要把握全局，进行连贯性思维，要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来，不要就 空填空。要根据上下文进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选的题 通常在后文有暗示。
如果四个选项形式完全相同，选哪一个从句子结构，意思上，语法上都说得通，这时就需要注意上下文的语境，来区分，确定正确答案。
例如：
1.It runs in the ___1____. Michael’s father always helped the pr as he believed it made everyne happier.Machile Greenberg feels the same. A pair fr glves may be a small thing, but it make a big difference in winter.
city B.family C. neighburhd D. cmpany
这是一道语境题，仅看第一个句子，四个选项都可以。但后文讲Michile 的父亲总是帮助穷人，因为他认为那会使每个人更快乐。Michile 感觉一样，所以通过父子两个人做同样的事，推断出应该是B.
（三）识别语篇标志，理清逻辑关系
表示结构层次的语篇标志词有：firstly secndly, thirdly,finally 等。
表示逻辑关系的语篇标志词有：thus, therefre,s
表示改变话题的标志语有： by the way
表示递进关系的标志语有：besides, what’s mre, furthermre(而且)
表示转折关系的有：but,hwever,while, n the ther hand, althugh等。
表示事件关系的有：meanwhile,befre, when,until, later 等。
通过这些 语篇标志语，可以快速弄清楚上下文的关系，确定答案。
Fr thse peple, he is“Glves”Greenberg. Hw did he get that name?He lks like any ther businessman,wearing a suit carrying a briefcase .But he’s_______.His briefcase always have sme glves.
calm B. different C. crazy D. similar
由He lks like any ther businessman, wearing a suit carrying a briefcase（他看起来和任何其他商人一样，穿着西装，拿着公文包）But he’s_______,可知前后是对比关系，所以But后应该是“不同”，所以选B.
（四）利用原词复现，寻找近义词
完型填空试题中，有些词语本身或它的同义词重复出现在语篇中，因此可以通过上下文联系找到，确定答案。如：
1.He had the rare balance fr fun and cmpassin. He wuld__1_the ludest ver fun and be the saddest anyne’s___2__.
A. speak B.using C.questin D.laugh
A.misfrtune B. disbelief C.dishnesty D.mistake
根据第一个空后的fun，可知应用D；第二个空前面的saddest，可知应用A不幸的。相同意思复现。
（五）巧用背景常识，简化判断过程。
I said that I didn't knw hw t get back int twn. In silence he started driving.
I ran back t my car and drve behind him. Finally I recgnized a familiar street. As I turned t head hme, the car disappeared. Then I___my driveway when the warning light fr my gas tank turned n.
A.pulled intB.drve awayC. ran acrss D.funt ut
解析：影响这个题目正确作答的关键是对空后面的driveway的含义的理解driveay指的是the hard area r rad between y：ur huse and the street，(美)(从建筑物、车库等通至道路的)私用车道车道((英)drive)。而中国家庭大多数是不存在这样的一个driveway的。本句意思是当邮箱的耗油警示灯亮起的时候，我也到家了，所以选pull int.正确答案为A
（六）注意固定搭配：固定搭配主要是指动词与介词、副词，名词、形容词后接介词，介词与名词构成的搭配。只需要广大考生在背诵单词的时候要掌握其常考搭配。
例1
In a significant tightening fr legal cntrls ver the press, Lrd Irvine, the Lrd Chancellr, will intrduce a ___ bill that will prpse making payment t witnesses illegal. (2001)
A. sketch B. rughC. preliminary D. draft
解析：draft 常用于法律术语中，draft bill 意为草案，法案的意思，是习惯搭配。因此，D为正确答案。由此看见，本题并不难，关键在于我们是不是对这个短语了解。所以，需要同学们平时在常用搭配方面多些努力。

【真题演练】
（2022·河北·正定中学高一阶段练习）It was a classic night. The nisy Mexic City____1____ calmed dwn. The main stadium fr Olympic track and field cmpetitin was envelped (笼罩) in the____2____．After he finished taking phts fr the marathn winners____3____the victry, Greenspan, a wrld-famus news prducer, fund the stadium____4____. He was abut t____5____ when he suddenly saw a man with his right leg sptted with the bld ran int the stadium. This man ran lamely(跛脚地)ut fr breath, but he didn’t stp. After he ran alng the track fr a____6____ and gt t the finish line, he____7____ n the grund.
Greenspan guessed this was a marathn athlete. Out fr ____8____, he went ver and ask why the athlete managed t run t the finish line with such____9____.
The Yurng man, called Kwari frm Tanzania, replied in a____10____vice, “That my cuntry sent me here frm ver 20,000 kilmeters is nt t let me get frf the track in the cmpetitin, but t make me____11____the game. Thugh I’ve ____12____all ther runners, I have a sacred(神圣的)gal like them. The audience wn’t ____13____ me, but my mtherland is watching me frm ” Tears welled up in Greenspan’s eyes. Sn, he spread the mst____14____scene in the histry fr the Olympic Games t every crner fr the wrld. Life shuld have a dream fr reaching the peak. It is nt whether we can reach the tp but whether we’ve made the greatest____15____that cunts. T reach the gal in the mind is als a success.
1．A．graduallyB．frficiallyC．actuallyD．extremely
2．A．sunlightB．darknessC．flashD．view
3．A．admiringB．explringC．designingD．celebrating
4．A．busyB．differentC．emptyD．nisy
5．A．wrkB．leaveC．quitD．reprt
6．A．mileB．minuteC．circleD．secnd
7．A．layB．fcusedC．jumpedD．jgged
8．A．sightB．curisityC．cntrlD．pity
9．A．difficultyB．feelingC．adventureD．impressin
10．A．prudB．excitedC．madD．gentle
11．A．cmpleteB．imprveC．appreciateD．challenge
12．A．cmpeted withB．fallen behindC．left behindD．started with
13．A．attractB．annyC．cheerD．influence
14．A．frighteningB．excitingC．tuchingD．cnfusing
15．A．achievementsB．changeC．prgressD．effrts
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．A 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述在墨西哥城奥运会的马拉松比赛结束后，坦桑尼亚运动员Kwari在观众散去后依然带伤跑完全程，这动人的一幕被著名新闻制片人捕捉下来，传遍了世界的每一个角落。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：喧闹的墨西哥城逐渐恢复了平静。A. gradually逐渐；B. frficially官方地，正式地；C. actually事实上；D. extremely极度，非常。根据上文“It was a classic night.(这是一个经典之夜)”可知，到了夜晚城市应是逐渐恢复平静。故选A。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：奥运会田径比赛的主体育场笼罩在黑暗中。A. sunlight阳光；B. darkness黑暗；C. flash闪光；D. view观点，视野，风景。由上文可知时间是夜晚，所以主体育场笼罩在黑暗中。故选B。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：举世闻名的新闻制作人Greenspan拍摄完马拉松比赛获胜者庆祝胜利的照片后，发现体育场空无一人。A. admiring羡慕；B. explring探索；C. designing设计；D. celebrating庆祝。结合上文“taking phts fr the marathn winners”及下文“the victry”可知，获胜者应是庆祝比赛的胜利。故选D。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. busy忙碌的；B.different不同的；C. empty空的；D. nisy嘈杂的。根据上文“The nisy Mexic City ____1____ calmed dwn”及 the marathn winners 3 the victry”可知，比赛结束后，体育场应是空无一人，故选C。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：正当他要离开的时候，他突然看到一个右腿上有血迹的人跑进了体育场。A. wrk工作；B. leave离开；C. quit退出；D. reprt报道。根据上文“he finished taking phts fr the marathn winners 3 the victry”可知，Greenspan拍摄完马拉松比赛获胜者庆祝胜利的照片，应该是准备离开体育场。故选B。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他沿着跑道跑了一圈到达终点线后，就躺在了地上。A. mile英里；B. minute分钟；C. circle圆，圈； D. secnd秒。根据“gt t the finish line”可知，他沿跑道绕场一圈，到达终点线，故选C。
7．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。此处考查动词和介词n的搭配。A. lay n躺；B.fcus n集中于；C. jump n扑向；责备；D. jg n 慢走。上文“This man ran lamely (跛脚地) ut fr breath, but he didn’t stp.(这个人上气不接下气地跛着腿跑，但他没有停下来)”提到这个人一瘸一拐，跑得上气不接下气，所以他到达终点线后应是躺在地上，故选A。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：出于好奇，他走过去问运动员为什么要这么困难地跑向终点。A. sight视力；B. curisity好奇心；C. cntrl控制；D.pity遗憾。根据“he went ver and ask why the athlete wanted t run…”可知，他是出于好奇心，问那个人为什么这样做，故选B。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. difficulty困难；B. feeling感觉；C. adventure冒险；D. impressin印象。根据上文“This man ran lamely(跛脚地)ut fr breath, but he didn’t stp.”可知，那个男人是跛脚跑到了终点线才停下来，所以此处指Greenspan想知道他为什么要这么困难地跑向终点。故选A。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位来自坦桑尼亚的年轻人叫Kwari，他用轻柔的声音回答说：“我的国家从2万多公里的地方把我送到这里，不是为了让我离开比赛的跑道，而是为了让我完成比赛。”A. prud骄傲的；B. excited激动的，兴奋的；C. mad疯狂的；D. gentle温柔的。结合语境可知，Kwari刚完成比赛，躺在地上，所以应是轻声回答，故选D。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. cmplete完成；B. imprve提高；C. appreciate欣赏，感激；D. challenge挑战。根据上文Kwari坚持跑到终点的行为可知，Kwari认为祖国送自己来不是让自己离开赛道，而是要完成比赛。故选A。
12．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：虽然我落后于其他所有的跑步者，但我有一个和他们一样神圣的目标。A. cmpeted with与……比赛；B. fallen behind落后；C. left behind留下；D. start with以……开始。根据上文内容可知，胜利者已经合完影，也就预示着比赛已经结束，体育场已经空无一人，而这个男人才进场。因而他是落后于其他的队员。故选B。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管观众不再为我欢呼，但我的祖国在背后注视着我……。A. attract吸引；B. anny使烦恼；C. cheer欢呼，喝彩；D.influence影响。结合语境可知，在比赛中观众会为运动员欢呼喝彩，故选C。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，他把奥运会历史上最动人的一幕传遍了世界的每一个角落。A. frightening可怕的；B. exciting激动的，兴奋的；C. tuching动人的；D. cnfusing令人困惑的。结合语境及上文“Tears welled up in Greenspan’s eyes.(Greenspan热泪盈眶)”可知，这是动人的一幕，故选C。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：重要的不是我们能否达到顶峰，而是我们是否付出了最大的努力。A. achievements成就；B. changes改变；C. prgress进步；D. effrts努力。结合上文内容可知，Kwari在没有观众的情况下也坚持跑到终点，所以此处指重要的不是我们是否到达顶峰，而是是否付出了最大的努力，故选D。
（2022·甘肃·永昌县第一高级中学高一期中）I was walking in a park n a cl autumn mrning. The view was charming, and a pleasant breeze(微风) was kissing my face ___16___.
Then I saw a mther and her little baby. The mther wre ___17___ clthes that seemed t be fund in a dustbin—Hw easy it is fr frtunate peple t ___18___ away things they dn’t need, and they d this ___19___ thinking fr the unfrtunate! She was hlding her baby, prtecting her frm the mrning ___20___ and expecting sme mney frm strangers s that she culd ___21___ fd fr bth fr them. It was then that I realized hw ___22___ I had been in my whle life fr living a rich life.
Then a man ___23___ sme mney and fd t the mther, and as she tk them, her face was ___24___ as if she had been the happiest persn in the wrld. And why nt, she culd nw ____25____ her baby at least fr the day.
Actually, happiness desn’t ____26____ luck, Yurr financial r Yurr physical cnditins, but nly n Yurrself. It is just a ____27____ in Yurr hands. If Yur chse t be happy, ____28____ can stp Yur frm it.
Hw ____29____ it is that ne bservatin(观察) can change Yurr life! Life have a lt t frfer if Yur bserve very clsely. One wh bserves can ____30____ real happiness.
16．A．strnglyB．graduallyC．gentlyD．nrmally
17．A．expensiveB．wnderfulC．perfectD．dirty
18．A．mveB．pushC．thrwD．send
19．A．frB．inC．withinD．withut
20．A．cldB．lightC．sundD．fact
21．A．saveB．buyC．pickD．share
22．A．wealthyB．specialC．successfulD．lucky
23．A．dnatedB．lentC．prmisedD．sld
24．A．sinkingB．shiningC．shakingD．falling
25．A．imprveB．prtectC．deliverD．feed
26．A．g nB．cme utC．depend nD．turn ut
27．A．symblB．strengthC．viceD．chice
28．A．nthingB．smethingC．anythingD．everything
29．A．cmfrtingB．amazingC．disappintingD．satisfying
30．A．inventB．lseC．discverD．ignre
【答案】
16．C 17．D 18．C 19．D 20．A 21．B 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．D 28．A 29．B 30．C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者从一个乞丐身上得到启发，幸福是一种选择，与经济状况、物质条件没有必然的联系。
16．考查副词词义辨析。句意：景色迷人，和煦的微风轻吻着我的脸。A. strngly强烈地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. gently轻轻地；D. nrmally正常地。上文“a pleasant breeze”可知，秋天刮的是微风，所以应该是“轻轻地”吹过作者的脸颊。故选C项。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：母亲穿着脏衣服，似乎是在垃圾箱里找到的。A. expensive昂贵的；B. wnderful美好的；C. perfect完美的；D. dirty脏的。根据后文“that seemed t be fund in a dustbin”可知，作者觉得她的衣服是从垃圾箱里找到的，所以应该是衣服很脏。故选D项。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的人扔掉他们不需要的东西是多么容易啊。A. mve移动；B. push推；C. thrw扔；D. send送。根据前文“The mther wre dirty clthes that seemed t be fund in a dustbin”作者提到似乎是垃圾桶里捡来的衣服，和后文“things they dn’t need”可知，空处是想说幸运的人把不要的东西扔掉。故选C项。
19．考查介词词义辨析。句意：他们这样做的时候不考虑不幸的人！A. fr为了；B. in在……里面；C. within在……之间；D. withut没有。结合语境可知，作者用幸运的人随意丢弃不想要的东西，和不幸的人做出对比，表明人们扔东西时完全没有考虑像这位母亲一样不幸的人。故选D项。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她抱着她的孩子，保护她免受早晨的寒冷。A. cld寒冷；B. light光；C. sund声音；D. fact事实。根据文章开头“I was walking in a park n a cl autumn mrning.”可知，这是一个凉爽的秋天的清晨，由此可以推出母紧抱孩子是为了孩子不受凉。故选A项。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她抱着她的孩子，让她免受早晨的寒冷，并期待着陌生人给她一些钱，这样她就可以给他们俩买食物了。A. save节省；B. buy买；C. pick挑选；D. share分享。根据前文“expecting sme mney frm strangers”可知，女人挨家挨户敲门是想要钱来买食物。故选B项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我意识到我的一生中过着丰富的生活是多么幸运。A. wealthy有钱的；B. special特别的；C. successful成功的；D. lucky幸运的。根据上文“Hw easy it is fr frtunate peple t thrw away things they dn’t need, and they d this withut thinking fr the unfrtunate!”可知，作者认为女人是不幸的，反推可知认为自己是“幸运的”。D项lucky和原文frtunate为同义词互换。故选D项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后一个男人捐了一些钱和食物给母亲。A. dnated捐赠；B. lent借；C. prmised承诺；D. sld卖。由上文可知，这位母亲正在乞讨，所以这个男人是捐赠了一些钱和食物给这位母亲。故选A项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：接着，一个男人给了这位母亲一些钱和食物，当她接过这些钱和食物时，她的脸闪闪发光，就好像她是世界上最幸福的人一样。A. sinking下沉；B. shining发光；C. shaking发抖；D. falling下落。根据后文“as if she had been the happiest persn in the wrld.”可知，母亲收到帮助后感到十分幸福，所以脸上应该是绽放光彩。故选B项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为什么不呢，她现在至少可以喂她的孩子一天。A. imprve提高；B. prtect保护；C. deliver生产、送；D. feed喂养。根据上文“expecting sme mney frm strangers s that she culd buy fd fr bth fr them.”可知，母亲乞讨是为了给孩子和自己买食物，由此可以推出，空处是想表达母亲可以喂饱孩子了。故选D项。
26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，幸福并不取决于你的运气，你的经济或你的身体条件，而只取决于你自己。A. g n继续；B. cme ut出来；C. depend n依赖、取决于；D. turn ut结果是。根据上下文可知，作者从这位母亲身上受到启发，认为幸福和经济条件、运气等等无关，所以是不取决于这些条件。故选C项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这只是你自己的选择。A. symbl标志；B. strength力量；C. vice声音；D. chice选择。根据下文“If Yur chse t be happy, ___13___ can stp Yur frm it.”中的chse可知，空处是想表达“选择”这一概念，为原文复现。故选D项。
28．考查代词词义辨析。句意：如果你选择快乐，没有什么能阻止你。A. nthing没事；B. smething某事；C. anything任何事；D. everything所有的事。结合文意可知，作者认为快不快乐是一个选择，选择快乐，那就必然快乐，没有什么事情可以阻止你。故选A项。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个观察结果可以改变你的生活，这是多么令人惊讶啊！A. cmfrting安慰人的；B. amazing美妙的；C. disappinting令人失望的；D. satisfying令人满意的。结合文意和常识可知，留意生活中的点点滴滴可以改变人的生活，这是很美好奇妙的事情。故选B项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：善于观察的人能发现真正的幸福。A. invent发明；B. lse失去；C. discver发现；D. ignre忽略。根据前文“Life have a lt t frfer if Yur bserve very clsely.”可知，作者是在鼓励大家要善于观察。由此可以推出，作者认为观察生活可以发现快乐。故选C项。
（2022·湖南永州·高一期中）It was 80 years ag when I wrte my first letter t Paul and Renee. I was abut 13. Paul was the same ____31____ as me, his sister Renee was tw years Yurnger, and they lived in France. I was keen(热衷的)n learning languages, s I was ____32____ when my French teacher assigned(分配)us pen pals.
It was quite a(n) ____33____ t get a letter frm a freign cuntry, s I ____34____ receiving their reply. They weren’t gd at English, s after six mnths, we were all writing in ____35____, which helped me acquire a gd knwledge fr the language.
I decided t g t France n hliday in 1949 t ____36____ them. The family ____37____ me well, and I visited several times in the years that fllwed. The first time I met Renee, she ____38____me up at the statin, and we hit it frf straight away.
I never gt t meet Paul. Renee wrte t me and ____39____ me that he had died shrtly after jining the army. Renee and I cntinued writing t each ther, and ur friendship became ____40____. We talked abut ur families, ur ____41____ and ur trubles in life. After that I mved t Suth Africa fr a while, married, had children, and changed jbs. Thrughut all this, we ____42____ writing letters.
I’m 93 nw and I still write t Renee. She have difficulty writing nw, s she phnes me t ____43____. Mst peple dn’t seem t have the ____44____ fr letters anymre, but it gives me great pleasure t write. And this is the mst valuable ____45____ I have ever had.
31．A．interestB．dreamC．heightD．age
32．A．frightenedB．pleasedC．awkwardD．annyed
33．A．arrangementB．thingC．prblemD．debate
34．A．lked frward tB．was attracted tC．signed up frD．tk cntrl fr
35．A．SpainB．EnglishC．FrenchD．German
36．A．helpB．praiseC．checkD．meet
37．A．treatedB．fittedC．knewD．prtected
38．A．pickedB．calledC．brughtD．held
39．A．assuredB．infrmedC．cntactedD．calmed
40．A．calmerB．deeperC．flatterD．shrter
41．A．memriesB．kidsC．rganizatinsD．hbbies
42．A．keptB．stppedC．avidedD．recmmended
43．A．explreB．rememberC．reviseD．reply
44．A．requestB．cncernC．timeD．place
45．A．adventureB．traditinC．friendshipD．trip
【答案】
31．D 32．B 33．B 34．A 35．C 36．D 37．A 38．A 39．B 40．B 41．D 42．A 43．D 44．C 45．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和笔友长达80年的深厚友谊。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：保罗和我同龄，他的妹妹蕾妮比我小两岁，他们住在法国。A. interest兴趣；B. dream梦想；C. height身高；D. age年龄。根据上文“I was abut 13.”以及下文“his sister Renee was tw years Yurnger”可推知，此处为保罗和我同龄，他的妹妹蕾妮比我小两岁，都是在讲年龄的事情。故选D项。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对学习语言非常着迷，所以当我的法语老师给我们分配笔友时，我很高兴。A. frightened害怕的；B. pleased高兴的；C. awkward难堪的；D. annyed生气的。根据“I was crazy abut learning languages,”可知，此处为我对学习语言非常着迷，所以当我的法语老师给我们分配笔友时，我很高兴。故选B项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：收到外国的来信是件很不容易的事，所以我期待着收到他们的回信。A. arrangement安排；B. thing事情；C. prblem问题；D. debate争论。根据“t get a letter frm a freign cuntry”可知，这是一件事情，故可推知，此处为收到外国的来信是件很不容易的事，所以我期待着收到他们的回信。故选B项。
34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：收到外国的来信是件很不容易的事，所以我期待着收到他们的回信。A. lked frward t期待；B. was attracted t被吸引到；C. signed up fr报名；D. tk cntrl fr控制。 根据上文提到收到外国的来信是件很不容易的事，故可知，此处为所以我期待着收到他们的回信。符合上下文逻辑。故选A项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不擅长英语，所以六个月后，我们都在用法语写作，这帮助我很好地掌握了这门语言。A. Spain西班牙；B. English英语；C. French法语；D. German德语。根据上文提到“they lived in France”住在法国，以及该句的“They weren’t gd at English”可推知，此处为我们都在用法语写作，这帮助我很好地掌握了这门语言。故选C项。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1949年，我决定去法国度假去见他们。A. help帮助；B. praise赞扬；C. check检查；D. meet会见。根据下文“and I visited several times in the years that fllwed.”可推知，此处为1949年，我决定去法国度假去见他们。故选D项。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这家人待我很好，在随后的几年里我去了几次。A. treated对待；B. fitted适应；C. knew知道；D. prtected保护。根据句意以及“and I visited several times in the years that fllwed.”故可推知，此处为这家人待我很好，在随后的几年里我去了几次。故选A项。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我第一次见到蕾妮时，她去车站接我，我们一见如故。A. picked接，搭载；B. called打电话；C. brught带来；D. held握住，举起。根据“at the statin”可知，此处为她去车站接我，我们一见如故。故选A项。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：蕾妮写信告诉我，他在参军后不久就去世了。A. assured确保；B. infrmed通知；C. cntacted联系；D. calmed使平静。根据“that he had died shrtly after jining the army.”可知，此处为告诉的事情。故选B项。
40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：蕾妮和我继续互相写信，我们的友谊变得更深了。A. calmer更平静的；B. deeper更深的；C. flatter更平的；D. shrter更短的。根据“Renee and I cntinued writing t each ther”可知，此处为蕾妮和我继续互相写信，我们的友谊变得更深了。故选B项。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们谈论我们的家庭，我们的爱好和生活中的烦恼。A. memries回忆；B. kids孩子；C. rganizatins组织；D. hbbies爱好。根据句意以及“ur families”和“ur trubles in life”可推知，此处为我们谈论我们的家庭，我们的爱好和生活中的烦恼。故选D项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这期间，我们一直在写信。A. kept保持；B. stpped停止；C. avided避免；D. recmmended推荐。根据“Thrughut all this”以及下文“I’m 93 nw and I still write t Renee.”可知，此处为在这期间，我们一直在写信。故选A项。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她现在写作有困难，所以她打电话给我回复。A. explre探索；B. remember记得；C. revise改正；D. reply回复。根据“She have difficulty writing nw”可知，此处为她现在写作有困难，所以她打电话给我回复。故选D项。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数人似乎都没有时间写信了，但写信给我很大的乐趣。A. request要求；B. cncern担心；C. time时间；D. place地方。根据句意和语境可知，此处为大多数人似乎都没有时间写信了，但写信给我很大的乐趣。故选C项。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我拥有过的最宝贵的友谊。A. adventure冒险；B. traditin传统；C. friendship友谊；D. trip旅行。通篇文章可知，文章讲述了作者和笔友长达80年的深厚友谊，以及上文的“Renee and I cntinued writing t each ther, and ur friendship became...”提示可知，此处为这是我拥有过的最宝贵的友谊。故选C项。
（2022·浙江·缙云西桥中学高一阶段练习）A few years ag, I was leaving the dg kennel(养狗场) where I wrked, nly t find a baby gat at the end fr the driveway. The kennel’s wners are animal rescuers, and I thught smene____46____him ver the fence. The kid was____47____nervus but std perfectly still as I gt clser.
I’m an animal____48____and I’ve brught hme dgs, cats, hrses, chickens, and fish, but never a gat. The tiny kid was t____49____fr me t leave it behind. I____50____him Quincy and bttle- fed him in my bathrm.
Quincy prved t be quite____51____. When he was abut a week ld, I tapped my fingers n the flr and said “____52____” I was amazed when he drpped dwn. I was even mre amazed when he did it three times____53____. A quick study, Quincy learned t lie dwn, bw, and turn in a circle in n time. He knws the name fr everything I feed him, and even jins us fr____54____t the dg park.
I frten take my dgs t shws where they can perfrm their_____55_____. Quincy did his first shw at just six weeks ld. He knew nly a few tricks then, but he did them perfectly and never_____56_____r gt nervus in frnt fr the crwd. Nw he’ll shake hves, cme when called, walk n a leash, wave, smile fr the_____57_____( “Say cheese!” ), and mre. Quincy and my dgs perfrm regularly at schls, nursing hmes, and charity events. Quincy can even “read” his tricks frf cue cards(提示卡), which always_____58_____the mst applause(掌声).
The gat kid nbdy_____59_____turned ut t be ne fr the smartest animals I’ve had. He’s by far the sharpest fr my bunch—just dn’t tell the_____60_____!
46．A．huntedB．drppedC．caughtD．attracted
47．A．gracefullyB．frficiallyC．bviuslyD．equally
48．A．keeperB．researcherC．dctrD．lver
49．A．lvelyB．frtunateC．preciusD．rare
50．A．frferedB．namedC．awardedD．shwed
51．A．smartB．energeticC．curiusD．thughtful
52．A．Sit dwnB．Calm dwnC．Slw dwnD．Lie dwn
53．A．at a lssB．n handC．in a rwD．in shck
54．A．adventuresB．tripsC．invitatinsD．hikes
55．A．dutiesB．experimentsC．tricksD．plays
56．A．misbehavedB．answeredC．damagedD．recgnized
57．A．micrphneB．headphneC．pipeD．camera
58．A．createsB．earnsC．imprvesD．challenges
59．A．ccupiedB．recmmendedC．wantedD．packed
60．A．gatsB．catsC．chickensD．dgs
【答案】
46．B 47．C 48．D 49．A 50．B 51．A 52．D 53．C 54．B 55．C 56．A 57．D 58．B 59．C 60．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者捡到了一只没人要的小山羊，它聪明且听话，很快学会了各种表演技巧。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：养狗场的主人是动物救援人员，我以为是有人把他扔过围栏的。A. hunted打猎；B. drpped丢弃；C. caught捉住；D. attracted吸引。由上文“nly t find a baby gat at the end fr the driveway”和下文“him ver the fence”可知，此处指别人将小山羊丢弃了，故选B。
47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：那只小山羊显然很紧张，但当我走近时，他却一动不动地站着。A. gracefully优雅地；B. frficially正式地；C. bviusly显然地；D. equally平等地。由下文“nervus”可知，这只被人遗弃的小山羊显然很紧张，故选C。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一个动物爱好者，我将狗，猫，马，鸡和鱼带回家，但从来没有带回去一只山羊。A. keeper监护人；B. researcher研究者；C. dctr医生；D. lver爱好者。有下文“I’ve brught hme dgs, cats, hrses, chickens, and fish”可知，作者将狗，猫，马，鸡和鱼带回家，所以作者是一个动物爱好者，故选D。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那只小山羊太可爱了，我不能丢下他。A. lvely可爱的；B. frtunate幸运的；C. precius宝贵的；D. rare稀少的。由上下文“The tiny kid was t___4___r me t leave it behind.”可知，这只小山羊很可爱，所以作者不忍心丢下他，故选A。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给他起名叫Quincy，在我的浴室里用奶瓶喂他。A. frfered提供；B. named命名；C. awarded授予；D. shwed展示。由下文“Quincy prved t be quite”可知，Quincy是作者给小山羊起的名字，故选B。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Quincy很聪明。A. smart聪明的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. curiu好奇的；D. thughtful考虑周全的。由下文“A quick study, Quincy learned t lie dwn, bw, and turn in a circle in n time.”可知，Quincy学东西很快，很快就学会了躺下、鞠躬、转圈，由此可知，Quincy很聪明。故选A。
52．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当他大约一个星期大的时候，我用手指在地板上敲打，说“躺下”，当他躺下的时候，我很惊讶。A. Sit dwn坐下；B. Calm dwn平静下来；C. Slw dwn减速；D. Lie dwn躺下。由下文“I was amazed when he drpped dwn.”可知，作者让小山羊躺下，故选D。
53．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：当他连续做了三次的时候，我更加惊讶了。A. at a lss困惑；B. n hand在手边；C. in a rw连续；D. in shck震惊地。由上文“I was even mre amazed when he did it three times”可知，小山羊按照作者的指示连续做了三次躺下的动作，这令作者感到惊讶，故选C。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道我给他吃的每样东西的名字，甚至还和我们一起去狗狗公园。A. adventures冒险；B. trips旅途；出门；C. invitatins邀请；D. hikes徒步旅行。由下文“t the dg park.”可知，此处指小山羊和作者一起出门去狗狗公园，故选B。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我经常带我的狗去表演它们的戏法。A. duties责任；B. experiments实验；C. tricks玩笑；把戏；戏法；D. plays游戏。由上文“they can perfrm their”和下文“He knew nly a few tricks then”可知，此处指作者的狗表演戏法，故选C。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时他只会几个小把戏，但是他做得很完美，从来没有在人群面前表现不好或者紧张过。A. misbehaved行为不端；表现不好；B. answered回答；C. damaged损坏；D. recgnized认出。由上文“he did them perfectly and never”可知，小山羊表演戏法时，做得很完美，从没有出现表现不好的情况，故选A。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在他会摇晃着蹄子，被叫到时就过来，牵着皮带走路，向镜头挥手，对着镜头微笑（当人们“说茄子！”时），还有更多。A. micrphne扩音器；B. headphne耳机；C. pipe管道；D. camera照相机、镜头。由下文““Say cheese!””可知，当人们给山羊照相时，小山羊对着镜头微笑，故选D。
58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Quincy甚至可以通过提示卡“读”出他的绝活，这总是赢得最多的掌声。A. creates创造；B. earns赚钱；赢得；C. imprves提高；D. challenges挑战。由上下文“Quincy can even “read” his tricks frf cue cards(提示卡), which always__13___the mst applause(掌声).”可知，小山羊能通过提示卡表演出他的绝活，这赢得了人们的掌声，故选B。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个没人要的小山羊是我养过的最聪明的动物之一。A. ccupied占有；B. recmmended推荐；C. wanted想要；D. packed打包。由第一段中“I thught smene___2___him ver the fence.”可知，小山羊是被人遗弃的，因此此处指没人要的小山羊，故选C。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，他是我们中最聪明的——但是不要把这个告诉我的狗狗！A. gats山羊；B. cats猫；C. chickens鸡；D. dgs狗。由上文“He’s by far the sharpest fr my bunch”和上文提到作者的狗狗表演戏法可知，小山羊在作者养的动物中是最聪明的，但是这一点不能告诉作者的狗狗们，否则它们会吃醋的，故选D。
（2022·内蒙古第一机械制造（集团）有限公司第一中学高一期中）My parents and I never really saw eye t eye n anything. When I was Yurng it was just the ____61____ stuff — the length fr my skirt r the mvies I wanted t watch. ____62____ , as I gt lder, I fund that there was a lt mre that we didn’t ____63____ — my chice fr friends r what I wanted t study at university.
I went t university in anther city at 17. ____64____ hme have ttally bradened my utlk (看法) n the wrld and have changed my pinins n lts fr ____65____ . I’ve encuntered many amazing peple with different experiences. My circle fr friends includes peple with ____66____ beliefs, values, cultures and different ways fr appraching life. But the great thing is that we respect each ther’s ____67____. I’ve learnt t questin what I’ve been taught and nt always agree just because that is what “everybdy else” ____68____ .
When I went hme t visit my parents the first cuple fr times, I fund it really hard t ____69____ . I fund it hard t deal with nt being able t ____70____ my pinins as freely as I did when I was away frm hme. It was really upsetting. I used t get angry that my parents weren’t in ____71____ fr my pinins. Nw, I gradually realize that ____72____ I want my parents t respect what I say, I have t ____73____ their views. While it is ____74____ , nce I make an effrt t respect their values, it is nt a ____75____ t get alng with my parents.
61．A．majrB．usefulC．simpleD．actual
62．A．OtherwiseB．HweverC．BesidesD．Thus
63．A．agree nB．fcus nC．wrk nD．rely n
64．A．ReachingB．VisitingC．MissingD．Leaving
65．A．decisinsB．issuesC．challengesD．experiences
66．A．secndaryB．practicalC．variusD．nrmal
67．A．interestsB．feelingsC．attitudesD．viewpints
68．A．arguesB．cnsidersC．exchangesD．battles
69．A．remveB．cnfuseC．handleD．cmplain
70．A．viceB．cntrlC．tellD．review
71．A．faceB．supprtC．needD．hnr
72．A．unlessB．afterC．ifD．althugh
73．A．welcmeB．prtectC．requireD．develp
74．A．unfrtunateB．alarmingC．frighteningD．tugh
75．A．surpriseB．shckC．breakdwnD．struggle
【答案】
61．C 62．B 63．A 64．D 65．B 66．C 67．D 68．B 69．C 70．A 71．B 72．C 73．A 74．D 75．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者一直和父母在很多事上存在分歧，上大学以后，作者慢慢学会了接受父母的观点，尊重他们的价值观，从而感觉和父母相处不再是一件难事。
61．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我年轻的时候，只是一些简单的事情——我的裙子的长度或者我想看的电影。A. majr专业的；B. useful有用的；C. simple简单的；D. actual 实际的。根据下文的“the length fr my skirt r the mvies I wanted t watch”可知，作者小时候和父母在一些小事上存在分歧。故选C项。
62．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着年龄的增长，我发现我们在更多的问题上存在分歧——我对朋友的选择，以及我在大学想学什么。A. Otherwise否则；B. Hwever但是；C. Besides此外；D. Thus 因此。根据下文的“ I gt lder, I fund that there was a lt mre that we didn’t…— my chice fr friends r what I wanted t study at university.”可知，随着作者长大，作者在更多的问题上和父母存在分歧，和小时候只是在小事上的分歧形成对比，和上文是转折关系。故选B项。
63．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，随着年龄的增长，我发现我们在更多的问题上存在分歧——我对朋友的选择，以及我在大学想学什么。A. agree n同意；B. fcus n关注；C. wrk n从事；D. rely n依靠。根据上文的“ was a lt mre that we didn’t ”可知，此处是说作者和父母在更多的问题上存在分歧。故选A项。
64．考查动词词义辨析。句意：离开家完全开阔了我的世界观，改变了我对很多问题的看法。A. Reaching到达；B. Visiting参观；C. Missing 缺失；D. Leaving 离开。根据上文的“I went t university in anther city at 17.”可知，作者离开家去上大学了。故选D项。
65．考查名词词义辨析。句意：离开家完全开阔了我的世界观，改变了我对很多问题的看法。A. decisins决定；B. issues问题；C. challenges挑战；D. experiences 经验。根据句中的名词“pinins”可知，此处一定说的是对问题的看法。故选B项。
66．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友圈里有不同信仰、价值观、文化和不同生活方式的人。A. secndary次要的；B. practical实用的；C. varius各种各样的；D. nrmal正常的。根据上文的“peple with different experiences”和下文的“different ways fr appraching life” 可知，作者的朋友圈里的人有着不同信仰和价值观。故选C项。
67．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但最重要的是我们尊重彼此的观点。A. interests兴趣；B. feelings感情；C. attitudes态度；D. viewpints观点。根据句中的“but”可知，虽然作者的朋友有着不同信仰、价值观、文化和不同生活方式，但是他们尊重彼此的观点。故选D项。
68．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经学会质疑我学到的东西，不再只是因为那是“其他人”认为的就同意。A. argues争论；B. cnsiders认为；C. exchanges交流；D. battles战斗。根据上文的“ I’ve learnt t questin what I’ve been taught and nt always agree”和because可知，前后文是因果关系，作者学会了质疑，不再只是因为那是其他人所认为的事而表示同意。故选B项。
69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我头几次回家看望父母时，我发现这个问题真的很难处理。A. remve清除；B. cnfuse使困惑；C. handle处理，应付；D. cmplain投诉。根据下文的句子“I fund it hard t deal with nt being able t…my pinins as freely as I did when I was away frm hme.”可知，作者回家后，不能像离家在外时那样自由地表达自己的观点，所以作者认为很难应付。故选C项。
70．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现不能像离家时那样自由地表达自己的观点，这让我很难接受。A. vice表示，表达；B. cntrl控制；C. tell告诉；D. review 审查。根据上文“I’ve learnt t questin what I’ve been taught and nt always agree just because that is what “everybdy else””和空格后的名词“my pinins”可知，此处说的是“表达自己的观点”，所以用动词vice（表示，表达）。故选A项。
71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我过去常常因为父母不支持我的观点而生气。A. face脸；B. supprt支持；C. need需要；D. hnr荣誉。根据句中的“get angry”可知，作者肯定是因为父母不支持她的观点而生气。in supprt fr意义为“支持”。故选B项。
72．考查连词词义辨析。句意：现在，我逐渐意识到，如果我想让我的父母尊重我说的话，我必须接受他们的观点。A. unless除非；B. after之后；C. if 如果；D. althugh虽然。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个条件状语从句，所以空格处应该填入一个连词，且意义为“如果”。故选C项。
73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，我逐渐意识到，如果我想让我的父母尊重我说的话，我必须接受他们的观点。A. welcme乐意接纳；B. prtect保护；C. require获取；D. develp 开发。根据句意和空格后的“their views”可知，此处指的是“接受他们的观点”，空格处的词和上文的respect是对应的。故选A项。
74．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这很艰难，但一旦我努力尊重他们的价值观，和父母相处就不是一件难事了。A. unfrtunate不幸的；B. alarming令人惊慌的；C. frightening可怕的；D. tugh艰难的。根据连词while（虽然）以及下文的“nce I make an effrt t respect their values”可知，做到这件事挺难的。故选D项。
75．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这很艰难，但一旦我努力尊重他们的价值观，和父母相处就不是一件难事了。A. surprise惊讶；B. shck休克；C. breakdwn故障；D. struggle难事。根据下文的“t get alng with my parents”以及上文“ nce I make an effrt t respect their values”可知，此处说的是，如果努力，和父母相处这件事也不是难事。故选D项。
（2022·宁夏六盘山高级中学高一期中）My wife and I mved int ur hme tw years ag. We had a yard with a lt fr ____76____ very frten when we have flwers, Denise r I wuld plant sme between the rcks, just t add sme ____77____ t the area.
Last summer, I fund a tiny little plant in the yard that I culd nt immediately identify. I knew I didn’t plant it and Denise said she didn’t either. We decided t let it ____78____ grwing until we culd find ut what it was.
Weeks passed and as I made my way back t the ____79____ plant, it appeared t be a sunflwer. I decided t ____80____ the weeds (杂草) arund it. As I pulled rcks frm the area t get t the weeds, I nticed smething ____81____. The sunflwer had nt ____82____ where I saw it begin. It actually had begun under a big rck and grwn under and arund it t reach the ____83____.
That was when I ____84____ that if a tiny little sunflwer didn’t let a big rck stand in its way fr develping, we als had the ability t d the same thing. If we _____85_____ urselves like that little sunflwer, we can reach where we _____86_____ t g and get what we need fr grwth.
We need t believe in urselves, knwing we have the _____87_____ t achieve ur gals. Like the sunflwer, it knew it had the ability t get ver the rck because it had _____88_____ in itself that it wuld succeed. Stand tall like the sunflwer and be _____89_____ fr wh and what we are, and then the envirnment will begin t _____90_____ us. We will find a way t g under r arund any “ rck ” in rder t reach ur gals.
76．A．flwersB．insectsC．vegetablesD．rcks
77．A．waterB．silC．clrD．shape
78．A．stpB．cntinueC．imprveD．develp
79．A．strangeB．weakC．lnelyD．pretty
80．A．cllectB．tendC．remveD．watch
81．A．unusualB．pleasantC．terribleD．valuable
82．A．passedB．startedC．leftD．died
83．A．airB．tpC．sunD．huse
84．A．realizedB．hpedC．dubtedD．regretted
85．A．fill inB．put inC．wrry abutD．believe in
86．A．frgetB．hateC．aimD．wait
87．A．wishB．planC．ideaD．ability
88．A．faithB．energyC．valueD．curage
89．A．awareB．afraidC．prudD．tired
90．A．frgiveB．supprtC．upsetD．affect
【答案】
76．D 77．C 78．B 79．A 80．C 81．A 82．B 83．C 84．A 85．D 86．C 87．D 88．A 89．C 90．B
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过介绍自己院子里面顽强生长的向日葵悟出一个道理：如果我们相信自己，我们可以克服一切困难。
76．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们有一个院子，院子里有很多石头。A. flwer花；B. insects昆虫；C. vegetables蔬菜；D. rcks岩石。根据“Denise r I wuld plant sme between the rcks,”可知，院子里有很多石头。故选D。
77．考查名词词义辨析。句意：只是为了给这个区域增加一些颜色。A. water水；B. sil土壤；C. clr颜色；D. shape形状。根据“Denise r I wuld plant sme between the rcks,”可知，种一些花朵为了给院子增添一些色彩。故选C。
78．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们决定让它继续生长，直到我们能弄清楚它是什么。A. stp停止；B. cntinue继续；C. imprve提高；D. develp发展。根据“until we culd find ut what it was.”可知，作者想让它继续生长。故选B。
79．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几个星期过去了，当我返回到那株奇怪的植物时，它看起来是一株向日葵。A. strange奇怪的；B. weak虚弱的；C. lnely孤单的；D. pretty漂亮的。根据“We decided t let it ____3____ grwing until we culd find ut what it was.”可知，到目前为止作者还不知道它究竟是一种什么植物，所以感到很奇怪。故选A。
80．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定清除它周围的杂草。A. cllect收集；B. tend照顾；C. remve去除；D. watch观察。根据“As I pulled rcks frm the area t get t the weeds,”可知，作者要除草。故选C。
81．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我把石头从这个地区移到杂草上的时候，我注意到一些不寻常的事情。A. unusual不寻常的；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. terrible可怕的；D. valuable有价值的。根据“The sunflwer had nt ____7____ where I saw it begin.”可知，向日葵并没有生长在我最开始发现它的位置，这件事是不寻常的。故选A。
82．考查动词词义辨析。句意：向日葵并没有在我看到它开始的地方开始生长。A. passed通过；B. started开始；C. left离开；D. died死。根据“It actually had begun under a big rck and grwn under and arund it t reach the 8 .”可知，向日葵并没有生长在我最开始发现它的位置，start表示“开始生长”。 故选B。
83．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它实际上是从一块大石头下面开始的，在石头下面和周围生长，以接触到阳光。A. air空气；B. tp顶端；C. sun阳光；D. huse房子。根据常识可知，向日葵是朝向太阳生长的。故选C。
84．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我意识到，如果一株小小的向日葵不让一块大石头挡住它成长的道路，我们也有能力做同样的事情。A. realized意识到；B. hped希望；C. dubted怀疑；D. regretted后悔。根据“if a tiny little sunflwer didn’t let a big rck stand in its way fr develping, we als had the ability t d the same thing.”可知，以下是作者意识到的内容，通过这件事情获得的人生感悟。故选A。
85．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：如果我们像那棵小向日葵一样相信自己，我们就能达到我们的目标，得到我们成长所需要的东西。A. fill in填写；B. put in放入；C. wrry abut担心；D. believe in相信。作者认为如果我们也能像这株向日葵一样充满信心，与下文的“We need t believe in urselves knwing we have the 12 t achieve ur gals.”相呼应。故选D。
86．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们像那棵小向日葵一样相信自己，我们就能达到我们的目标，得到我们成长所需要的东西。A. frget忘记；B. hate讨厌；C. aim旨在；D. wait等待。根据最后一段作者提到“We will find a way t g under r arund any “rcks” in rder t reach ur gals.”可知，是达到我们的目标。故选C。
87．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们需要相信自己，知道我们有能力实现我们的目标。A. wish希望；B. plan计划；C. idea主意；D. ability能力。have the ability t d sth.有能力做某事。下文“it knew it had the ability t get ver the rcks”有提示可知，我们有能力实现我们的目标。故选D。
88．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像向日葵一样，它知道自己有能力越过岩石，因为它相信自己会成功。A. faith信念；B. energy能量；C. value价值；D. curage勇气。have faith in相信，与前文提到的“We need t believe in urselves knwing we have the 12 t achieve ur gals.”相呼应。所以选A。
89．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像向日葵一样挺直腰杆，为自己感到骄傲，然后环境就会开始支持我们。A. aware意识到的；B. afraid害怕的；C. prud骄傲的；D. tired疲倦的。根据“Stand tall like the sunflwer”可知，像向日葵一样挺拔，为自己而感到自豪。故选C。
90．考查动词词义辨析。句意：像向日葵一样挺直腰杆，为自己感到骄傲，然后环境就会开始支持我们。A. frgive原谅；B. supprt支持；C. upset打乱；D. affect影响。周围的环境和事物也会开始开始支持我们。故选B。
（2022·江西上饶·高一阶段练习）Six-year-ld Ryan Cutinh wasn’t used t smiling. He felt ____91____ after lsing almst all his teeth at the age fr three.
Nw he des. And he is always ____92____ t Amanda Matts.
The by lives in a ____93____ family. He had his teeth pulled ut because fr cavities(蛀牙). Only a few n his lwer part remained. Ms Matts, 25, met Ryan at the by’s schl fr the first time tw years ag, where Ryan’s teacher tld Matts he ____94____ smiled and cmmunicated little. Ms Matts wuld like t ____95____ the by after cntacting his mther, but his mther ____96____ the frfer. “They culdn’t affrd the ____97____,” the dentist said. “They were still shaken by the ____98____ that tk his teeth ut.”
Ryan’s stry culd have ____99____ here. But tw years later, by accident, his mther gt a jb as a cleaner at the _____100_____, which Ms Matts wns. The by had a pain in ne fr his remaining teeth. He went t the clinic fr a(an) _____101_____ and met Ms Matts again. “I asked him what he wanted. He replied: ‘a smile like my friends’,” the dentist said.
Ms Matts agreed t d it fr free. The mther happily _____102_____ the kindness.
Then, tw days after Brazil’s Children’s Day, Ryan finally gt a new denture(假牙).
“We all cried. It was very mving,” Ryan’s mther said.
“All this is _____103_____,” Ms Matts says. “Isn’t it pleasant if smene _____104_____ smile because fr Yurr _____105_____?”
91．A．happyB．upsetC．thankfulD．cnfident
92．A．gratefulB．sensitiveC．sympatheticD．hateful
93．A．prB．richC．happyD．big
94．A．all the timeB．frm time t timeC．hardlyD．always
95．A．meetB．treatC．saveD．research
96．A．turned dwnB．agreed tC．shwed frfD．hesitated abut
97．A．activityB．perfrmanceC．serviceD．peratin
98．A．strategyB．gameC．visitD．experience
99．A．spreadB．endedC．changedD．started
100．A．factryB．bankC．clinicD．schl
101．A．discussinB．decratinC．imprvementD．examinatin
102．A．ignredB．acceptedC．cnsideredD．abandned
103．A．wrthB．efficientC．unnecessaryD．randm
104．A．lsesB．seesC．sharesD．regains
105．A．braveryB．hnestyC．genersityD．fairness
【答案】
91．B 92．A 93．A 94．C 95．B 96．A 97．D 98．D 99．B 100．C 101．D 102．B 103．A 104．D 105．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述6岁的Ryan Cutinh因为蛀牙几乎失去了所有的牙齿，但是家里很穷，没钱手术，所以他几乎不微笑，但是一位好心的女士Amanda Matts为他提供了免费的牙齿手术，从此小男孩变得爱笑了。
91．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在三岁的时候，他失去了几乎所有的牙齿，他很难过。A. happy开心的；B. upset难过的，沮丧的；C. thankful感激的；D. cnfident自信的。根据下文“lsing almst all his teeth at the age fr three.”可知，他失去了几乎所有的牙齿，所以很难过。故选B。
92．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他一直很感谢Amanda Matts。A. grateful感谢的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. sympathetic同情的；D. hateful厌恶的。根据倒数第四段“Ms Matts agreed t d it fr free.”可知，Amanda Matts同意为他提供免费的牙齿手术，所以他很感谢Amanda Matts。故选A。
93．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个男孩生在一个贫穷的家庭。A. pr贫穷的；B. rich富有的；C. happy开心的；D. big大的。根据下文““They culdn’t affrd the 7 ,” the dentist said.”可知，男孩的家庭很贫穷。故选A。
94．考查副词和短语辨析。句意：Matts女士，25岁，两年前第一次在这个男孩的学校遇到他，Ryan的老师告诉Matts他几乎不笑也几乎不跟别人交流。A. all the time一直；B. frm time t time偶尔；C. hardly几乎不；D. always总是。根据第一句话“Six-year-ld Ryan Cutinh wasn’t used t smiling.”以及空格后“and cmmunicated little”可知，他几乎不笑。故选C。
95．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在和他的母亲联系后，Matts女士表示想要治疗这个男孩，但是他的母亲拒绝了这个提议。A. meet遇见；B. treat治疗；C. save拯救；D. research调查。根据下文““They culdn’t affrd the 7 ,” the dentist said.”可知，Matts女士想要治疗他。故选B。
96．考查动词词组辨析。句意：在和他的母亲联系后，Matts女士表示想要治疗这个男孩，但是他的拒绝了这个提议。A. turned dwn拒绝；B. agreed t同意；C. shwed frf 炫耀；D. hesitated abut犹豫。根据下文““They culdn’t affrd the 7 ,” the dentist said.”可知，他的母亲拒绝了想要给男孩手术的提议。故选A。
97．考查名词词义辨析。句意：牙医说，“他们负担不起手术费”。A. activity活动；B. perfrmance表演；C. service服务；D. peratin手术。根据上下文可知，这里是指做手术的费用。故选D。
98．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们仍然被拔掉他牙齿的经历所震撼。A. strategy策略；B. game游戏；C. visit参观；D. experience经历。根据上文“He had his teeth pulled ut because fr cavities”可知，他仍然被拔掉他牙齿的经历所震撼。故选D。
99．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ryan的故事本可以这样结束的。A. spread传播；B. ended结束；C. changed改变；D. started开始。根据上下文可知，妈妈因为没有钱，所以拒绝了给Ryan做手术，所以故事本该到此结束了。故选B。
100．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是两年后，意外地，他的妈妈得到了一份在一家诊所做清洁工的工作，这家诊所是Matts女士的。A. factry工厂；B. bank银行；C. clinic诊所；D. schl学校。根据下文“He went t the clinic fr a(an) 11 and met Ms Matts again.”可知，他母亲工作的地方是Matts女士的诊所。故选C。
101．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他去这家诊所做检查，再次遇到了Matts。A. discussin讨论；B. decratin装修；C. imprvement改善；D. examinatin检查。根据下文““I asked him what he wanted. He replied: ‘a smile like my friends’,” the dentist said.”可知，他是去做检查的。故选D。
102．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他母亲很开心地接受了这份善意。A. ignred忽视；B. accepted接受；C. cnsidered考虑；D. abandned抛弃。根据下文“Then, tw days after Brazil’s Children’s Day, Ryan finally gt a new denture.”可知，他的母亲接受了这份善意。故选B。
103．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“所有的一切都是值得的，” Matts女士说。“如果有人因为你的慷慨而重获微笑，那不是很愉快吗？”A. wrth值得的；B. efficient高效的；C. unnecessary没有必要；D. randm随机的。根据上文可知，男孩因为有了假牙，可以再次微笑，虽然没有收取任何手术费用，但Matts女士认为这是值得的。故选A。
104．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“所有的一切都是值得的，”Matts女士说。“如果有人因为你的慷慨而重获微笑，那不是很愉快吗？”A. lses失去；B. sees看见；C. shares分享；D. regains恢复，重新获得。根据第一句话“Six-year-ld Ryan Cutinh wasn’t used t smiling.”以及第二段第一句话“Nw he des.”可知，他重获微笑。故选D。
105．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“所有的一切都是值得的，” Matts女士说。“如果有人因为你的慷慨而重获微笑，那不是很愉快吗？”A. bravery勇敢；B. hnesty诚实；C. genersity慷慨；D. fairness公平。根据倒数第四段“Ms Matts agreed t d it fr free.”可知，Matts女士免费让小男孩做手术，这是一种慷慨的行为。故选C。
（2022·广东·清远市第一中学高一期中）What made Tm, ur sn, different frm thers was that he was brn with a serius brain disease. My wife and I frten ____106____ him as he faced many challenges in his early years.
It was ____107____t see him regularly chsen last fr baseball, but his mst difficult time came when he began high schl. One afternn, Tm returned hme in____108____and shuted: “I’m never ging t schl again!” He was____109____with fd that ther kids had____110____him n the schl bus n the way hme. Tm later tld us what had ____111____. A few days earlier, Tm had____112____up fr the schl running team. That day, a few lder students made fun fr his perfrmance n the track. I called the headmaster abut the____113____and it never happened again.
One day, as the ther kids exercised in the gym, they____114____ne lnely runner — Tm, jgging arund the snw-cvered track. A few weeks later, Tm said t me, “Dad, I was ready fr the wrst.” He added that each mnth, each student chse an “_____115_____ fr the mnth” and vted (投票) fr the winner. Tm’s name had never been_____116_____. But that day, ne student said: “Sir, I wuld like t prpse (提名) Tm fr athlete fr the mnth.” The cach lked _____117_____. “He wrks _____118_____than any fr us, Sir,” the student cntinued. “But we’ll have t have smene supprt the prpsal,” the cach replied. Tears frmed in Tm’s eyes as everyne in the class put their hands up. We, als in tears, lked n as he_____119_____shwed his certificate (证书).
Whenever I feel hpeless, I think fr this stry. I _____120_____ myself that challenges are nt vercme (战胜) by frce, but by patience, determinatin, and faith.
106．A．affectedB．cmfrtedC．changedD．discuraged
107．A．heartbreakingB．excitedC．annyedD．hpeful
108．A．trubleB．surpriseC．shckD．tears
109．A．dealtB．cveredC．attachedD．filled
110．A．gave awayB．played withC．thrwn atD．drpped ut
111．A．happenedB．explredC．recrdedD．prmised
112．A．hungB．signedC．pulledD．stayed
113．A．crimeB．peratinC．mvementD．prblem
114．A．recgnizedB．watchedC．nticedD．realized
115．A．readerB．singerC．adviserD．athlete
116．A．listedB．acceptedC．stressedD．agreed
117．A．excitedB．disappintedC．surprisedD．satisfied
118．A．betterB．harderC．wrseD．faster
119．A．prudlyB．quietlyC．frightenedlyD．cnfidently
120．A．warnedB．taughtC．remindedD．understd
【答案】
106．B 107．A 108．D 109．B 110．C 111．A 112．B 113．D 114．C 115．D 116．A 117．C 118．B 119．A 120．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己的儿子Tm虽然脑瘫，但是他却靠耐心、决心和信念，以及比别人更多的努力，在学校的运动队里赢得了其他学生的尊重和认可。
106．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和我的妻子经常安慰他，因为他在早年面临许多挑战。A．affected影响；B. cmfrted安慰；C. changes改变；D．discuraged使泄气。根据上文“What made Tm, ur sn, different frm thers was that he was brn with a serius brain disease.”以及下文“as he faced many challenges”可知，因为儿子脑瘫，面临许多挑战，所以作者和妻子常常安慰他。故选B项。
107．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到他经常被选为棒球课的最后一名是令人心碎的，但他最艰难的时候是从上高中开始的。A. heartbreaking令人心碎的；B. excited兴奋的；C. annyed恼怒的；D. hpeful有希望的。根据下文“t see him regularly chsen last fr baseball”可知，儿子经常被选为最后一名是让人难过、心碎的。故选A项。
108．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，Tm哭着回家，喊道：“我再也不去上学了！”A. truble麻烦；B. surprise惊讶；C. shck震惊；D. tears眼泪 。根据下文“I’m never ging t schl again!”和“He was 4 with fd that ther kids had 5 him n the schl bus n the way hme.”以及“That day, a few lder students made fun fr his perfrmance n the track.”可知，他受到其他同学的欺负，所以他含着泪水回家，说再也不上学了。故选D项。
109．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他身上沾满了在回家的校车上其他孩子扔到他身上的食物。A. dealt处理；B. cvered覆盖；C. attached附上；D. filled装满。根据上文“Tm returned hme in 3 and shuted”可知，他受到欺负、身上沾满了其他孩子扔到他身上的食物（食物覆盖在身上）。故选B项。
110．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他身上沾满了在回家的校车上其他孩子扔到他身上的食物。A. gave away赠送；B. played with玩耍；C. thrwn at扔向；D. drpped ut退出。根据上文“Tm returned hme in 3 and shuted”以及“He was 4 with fd”可知，他受到其他同学的欺负，其他孩子往他身上投掷食物。故选C项。
111．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Tm后来告诉我们发生了什么事。A. happened发生；B. explred探索；C. recrded记录；D. prmised答应。根据语境和下文“I called the headmaster abut the 8 and it never happened again.”可知，Tm后来告诉作者发生的事，作者才报告了校长以免此类事情再次发生。故选A项。
112．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天前，Tm报名参加了学校的跑步队。A. hung悬挂；B. signed署名；C. pulled拉；D. stayed停留，制止。根据下文“the schl running team”可知，他报名参加了学校的跑步队。动词短语sign up fr“报名参加”符合句意。故选B项。
113．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我就这个问题打电话给校长，从此这种事再也没发生过。A. crime犯罪；B. peratin操作；C. mvement移动；D. prblem问题。基于前文的分析可知，Tm受到其他孩子的欺辱，并根据上文“That day, a few lder students made fun fr his perfrmance n the track.”可知，此处指Tm被人欺负和嘲笑的问题。故选D项。
114．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，当其他孩子在体育馆锻炼的时候，他们注意到一个孤独的跑步者——Tm，正在覆盖着雪的跑道上慢跑。A. recgnize辨认出；B. watched观看；C. nticed注意到；D. realized实现。根据上文“as the ther kids exercised in the gym”及下文“ne lnely runner — Tm, jgging arund the snw-cvered track”可知，其他孩子在体育馆锻炼的时候，他们注意到了Tm。故选C项。
115．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他补充说，每个月，每个学生都会选出一名“本月最佳运动员”，并投票给获胜者。A. reader阅读者；B. singer歌手；C. adviser导师；D. athlete运动员。根据下文“I wuld like t prpse (提名) Tm fr athlete fr the mnth.”可知，要选出最佳运动员。故选D项。
116．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Tm的名字从来没有进入过名单。A. listed把……列入；B. accepted接受 ；C. mentined提及；D. agreed同意。根据上文“Dad, I was ready fr the wrst.”可知，因为Tm有残疾，所以他从来没想过、也没有进入过获奖者名单。故选A项。
117．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教练看起来很惊讶。A. excited兴奋的；B. disappinted失望的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. satisfied满意的。基于前文的分析可知， Tm没有进入过获奖者名单。根据上文“I wuld like t prpse(提名)Tm fr athlete fr the mnth”可知，当有学生提议他成为最佳运动员时，教练很吃惊。故选C项。
118．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他比我们任何人都要更努力。A. better更好地；B. harder更努力地；C. wrse更糟糕地；D. faster更快地。 根据上文“they 9 ne lnely runner-Tm, jgging arund the snw-cvered track”可知，他们注意到Tm还坚持在覆盖着雪的跑道上慢跑，说明Tm比其他任何人都要努力。故选B项。
119．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们也热泪盈眶地看着他骄傲地展示他的证书。A. prudly自豪地；B. quietly安静地；C. frightenedly惊恐地；D. cnfidently自信地。根据上文“Tears frmed in Tm’s eyes as everyne in the class put their hands up.”可知，Tm的努力得到了大家的认可，所以他很骄傲地展示他的证书给父母看。故选A项。
120．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我提醒自己，挑战不是靠武力战胜的，而是靠耐心、决心和信念。A. warned警告；B. taught教导；C. reminded提醒；D. understd理解。根据语境和下文“that challenges are nt vercme by frce, but by patience, determinatin, and faith”可知，作者是通过儿子的经历提醒自己，挑战不是靠武力战胜的，而是靠耐心、决心和信念。故选C项。
（2022·黑龙江·哈九中高一阶段练习）Harry Depp will always treasure his experience fr getting accepted t Yale Law Schl.
Harry had a happy life grwing up until his mther ___121___ the family and mved ut fr the cunty when he was 8. His father then wrked several jbs t ___122___ Harry and his lder brther, but the family struggled ___123___. They frten had n fd r electricity.
Harry’s academics significantly suffered. As his grades ___124___, he channeled his energy int sprts. He was___125___ in bxing and wn natinal and internatinal games, which he hped wuld becme his way ut fr___126___. Hwever, his dream were ___127___ when he suffered a shulder injury in the 12th grade.
Harry’s pr grades as a senir resulted in him being ___128___ by every cllege he applied t. S he tk a jb at Bates Trucking and Trash, ___129___ rubbish and cleaning dustbins.
Rather than add t his despair (绝望), the jb marked a ____130____ pint in his life. His c-wrkers fund his ____131____ , uplifted him and urged him t g back t schl. Finally he was ____132____ t Bwie State University. By the end fr his secnd year, Harry decided he wanted t g t ____133____ schl.
Harry was ____134____ fr the supprt he gt frm his c-wrkers. “It was the first time in my life that a grup fr individuals had really just ____135____ me, and tld me I was intelligent."
121．A．cntactedB．establishedC．reunitedD．abandned
122．A．rewardB．raiseC．cmfrtD．shelter
123．A．physicallyB．academicallyC．financiallyD．mentally
124．A．cuntedB．wrsenedC．balancedD．imprved
125．A．negativeB．awfulC．terribleD．excellent
126．A．pvertyB．argumentC．qualificatinD．ignrance
127．A．cut shrtB．cut upC．cut penD．cut in
128．A．cmmentedB．remvedC．rejectedD．guided
129．A．cllectingB．reflectingC．thrwingD．studying
130．A．limitedB．challengingC．weakD．turning
131．A．preferenceB．ptentialC．frtuneD．identity
132．A．intrducedB．persuadedC．directedD．admitted
133．A．artsB．sprtsC．lawD．science
134．A．ambitiusB．gratefulC．desperateD．respnsible
135．A．admiredB．hnredC．encuragedD．prmted
【答案】
121．D 122．B 123．C 124．B 125．D 126．A 127．A 128．C 129．A 130．D 131．B 132．D 133．C 134．B 135．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公哈里·德普的人物励志故事。
121．考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈里一直过着幸福的生活，直到他8岁时，他的母亲抛弃了家庭，搬出了县城。A. cntacted联系；B. established建立；C. reunited团聚；D. abandned抛弃。 根据该句中的“and mved ut fr the cunty”以及下文“His father then wrked several jbs t ___2___ Harry and his lder brther”可知，此处为直到他8岁时，他的母亲抛弃了家庭，搬出了县城。故选D项。
122．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了抚养哈里和他的哥哥，他的父亲打了几份工，但家里经济拮据。A. reward奖励；B. raise抚养；C. cmfrt安慰；D. shelter避难所。根据该句“His father then wrked several jbs”以及下文“They frten had n fd r electricity.”故可推知，此处为为了抚养哈里和他的哥哥，他的父亲打了几份工。故选B项。
123．考查副词词义辨析。句意：为了抚养哈里和他的哥哥，他的父亲打了几份工，但家里经济拮据。A. physically在身体上；B. academically在学术上；C. financially在财务上；D. mentally精神上。根据该句中的but转折以及下文“They frten had n fd r electricity.”可知，此处为他的父亲打了几份工，但家里经济拮据。故选C项。
124．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于他的成绩越来越差，他把精力投入到体育运动中。A. cunted计算；B. wrsened变得更差；C. balanced平衡；D. imprved提高。根据上文“Harry’s academics significantly suffered.”可知，此处为由于他的成绩越来越差，他把精力投入到体育运动中。故选B项。
125．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他擅长拳击，在国内和国际比赛中获胜，他希望这能成为他摆脱贫困的途径。A. negative负面的；B. awful可怕的；C. terrible糟糕的；D. excellent优秀的。根据该句“and wn natinal and internatinal games”可知，此处为他擅长拳击，在国内和国际比赛中获胜。故选D项。
126．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他擅长拳击，在国内和国际比赛中获胜，他希望这能成为他摆脱贫困的途径。A. pverty贫穷；B. argument争论；C. qualificatin 资格；D. ignrance无知。根据上文提到的家庭生活拮据以及该句中的hped，故可推知，此处为他希望这能成为他摆脱贫困的途径。故选A项。
127．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，当他在12年级时肩部受伤时，他的梦想中断了。A. cut shrt剪短；B. cut up切碎；C. cut pen切开；D. cut in中断。根据该句中“when he suffered a shulder injury in the 12th grade”肩部受伤，可知，此处为当他在12年级时肩部受伤时，他的梦想中断了。故选A项。
128．考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈里糟糕的高中成绩导致他申请的每一所大学都拒绝了他。A. cmmented评论；B. remved移除；C. rejected拒绝；D. guided指导。根据该句中“Harry’s pr grades as a senir”可知，此处为哈里糟糕成绩导致他申请的每一所大学都拒绝了他。故选C项。
129．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他在贝茨卡车和垃圾公司找了份工作，收集垃圾和清理垃圾箱。A. cllecting收集；B. reflecting反映；C. thrwing扔；D. studying学习。根据句意以及该句中的“and cleaning dustbins”，故可推知，此处为他在贝茨卡车和垃圾公司找了份工作，收集垃圾和清理垃圾箱。故选A项。
130．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这份工作非但没有使他更加绝望，反而成为他人生的转折点。A. limited限制的；B. challenging有挑战性的；C. weak虚弱的； D. turning转折的。 根据该句“Rather than add t his despair”以及下文内容可知，此处为这份工作非但没有使他更加绝望，反而成为他人生的转折点。故选D项。
131．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的同事发现了他的潜力，鼓励他，并鼓励他回到学校。A. preference偏爱；B. ptential潜力；C. frtune运气；D. identity身份。根据该句中“uplifted him and urged him t g back t schl.”可知，此处为他的同事发现了他的潜力，鼓励他，并鼓励他回到学校。故选B项。
132．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后他被鲍伊州立大学录取。A. intrduced介绍；B. persuaded劝服；C. directed指导；D. admitted录取，准许。根据上下文句意以及该句中的“t Bwie State University”可知，此处为最后他被鲍伊州立大学录取。故选D项。
133．考查名词词义辨析。句意：二年级结束时，哈利决定去法学院。A. arts艺术；B. sprts体育；C. law法律；D. science科学。根据文章第一句“Harry Depp will always treasure his experience fr getting accepted t Yale Law Schl.”可知，此处为二年级结束时，哈利决定去法学院。故选C项。
134．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：哈里很感激同事们对他的支持。A. ambitius有抱负的；B. grateful感激的；C. desperate绝望的；D. respnsible负责的。根据下文“that a grup fr individuals had really just ___15___ me, and tld me I was intelligent."”故可推知，此处为哈里很感激同事们对他的支持。故选B项。
135．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我人生中第一次有一群人真正鼓励我，告诉我我很聪明。A. admired欣赏；B. hnred给人……荣誉；C. encuraged鼓励；D. prmted促进。根据上文提到的感激同事以及该句的“and tld me I was intelligent.”可知，此处为这是我人生中第一次有一群人真正鼓励我，告诉我我很聪明。故选C项。
（2022·云南·弥勒市一中高一期中）Jenna, a ppular girl frm Westwd Middle Schl, had graduated first in her class and was ready fr new____136____in high schl.
____137____, high schl was different. In the first week, Jenna went t trYurts (选拔赛) fr cheerleaders (拉拉队队员)．She was____138____against very talented (有才能的) girls, and she knew it wuld be____139____fr her t be chsen . Tw hurs later, the____140____read a list fr the girls fr a secnd trYurt. Her heart sank as the list ended withut her name. Feeling ____141____, she walked hme carrying her schlbag full fr hmewrk.
Arriving hme, she started with maths. She had always been a gd maths student, but nw she was____142____. She mved n t English and histry, and was surprised t find that she didn’t have any____143____with thse subjects. Feeling better, she decided nt t____144____maths fr the time being.
The next day Jenna went t see Mrs. Biden abut being n the schl____145____. Mrs. Biden wasn’t as enthusiastic(热情的) as Jenna. “I’m srry, but we have enugh____146____fr the newspaper already. Cme back next year and we’ll talk then.”Jenna smiled____147____and left.“Why is high schl s____148____? ” she sighed.
Later in maths class, Jenna applied herself t slving the prblems that had given her s much truble and gt them right. As she gathered her bks, Jenna decided she’d____149____t try t get used t her new schl. She wasn’t sure whether she’d succeed, but she knew she had t____150____.
136．A．subjectsB．decisinsC．exercisesD．challenges
137．A．TherefreB．HweverC．OtherwiseD．Besides
138．A．cmpetingB．arguingC．prtectingD．speaking
139．A．difficultB．easyC．likelyD．interesting
140．A．expertB．architectC．applicantD．judge
141．A．strangerB．unhappyC．disappintedD．lnely
142．A．strugglingB．imprvingC．wrkingD．arranging
143．A．trubleB．cnfidenceC．patienceD．pprtunities
144．A．put upB．prepare frC．wrry abutD．give up
145．A．cmmitteeB．newspaperC．radiD．team
146．A．speakersB．readersC．cheerleadersD．writers
147．A．happilyB．weaklyC．excitedlyD．brightly
148．A．similarB．rdinaryC．differentD．familiar
149．A．refuseB．cntinueC．seemD．frfer
150．A．swimB．tryC．askD．escape
【答案】
136．D 137．B 138．A 139．A 140．D 141．C 142．A 143．A 144．C 145．B 146．D 147．B 148．C 149．B 150．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人公Jenna在进入高中后所经历的变化及其努力适应的过程。
136．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jenna是韦斯特伍德中学的一个很受欢迎的女孩，她以全班第一名的成绩毕业，已经准备好迎接高中的新挑战。A. subjects学科；B. decisins决定；C. exercises运动；D. challenges挑战。根据上文“had graduated first in her class and was ready fr new”可知，此处表示Jenna准备好迎接新的挑战。故选D项。
137．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，高中是不同的。A. Therefre因此；B. Hwever然而；C. Otherwise否则；D. Besides此外。根据下文“high schl was different.”可知，上下文之间表示转折关系，空处应用hwever表示“然而”。故选B项。
138．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她正在与非常有天赋的女孩们竞争，她知道自己很难被选中。A. cmpeting竞争；B. arguing争论；C. prtecting保护；D. speaking说。根据下文“against very talented girls”可知，此处表示Jenna与有天赋的女孩们竞争。故选A项。
139．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她正在与非常有天赋的女孩们竞争，她知道自己很难被选中。A. difficult困难的；B. easy容易的；C. likely可能的；D. interesting有趣的。根据上文“She was ____3____ against very talented girls, and she knew it wuld be”可知，此处表示Jenna知道自己很难被选中。故选A项。
140．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个小时后，裁判宣读了一份进行第二次选拔的女孩名单。A. expert专家；B. architect建筑师；C. applicant申请人；D. judge裁判。根据下文“read a list fr the girls fr a secnd trYurt.”以及常识可知，此处表示裁判宣读名单。故选D项。
141．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：感觉沮丧，她背着装满作业的书包回到宿舍。A. stranger陌生人的；B. unhappy不开心的；C. disappinted沮丧的；D. lnely孤独的。根据上文“Her heart sank as the list ended withut her name.”可知，此处表示Jenna没被选中，感觉沮丧。故选C项。
142．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一直是个数学好学生，但现在她感到很吃力。A. struggling吃力；B. imprving提高；C. wrking工作；D. arranging安排。根据上文“She had always been a gd maths student, but nw she was”可知，此处表示Jenna以前数学一直很好，但是现在她感觉吃力。故选A项。
143．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她接着写英语和历史作业，意外地发现她在这些科目上没有任何问题。A. truble问题；B. cnfidence信心；C. patience耐心；D. pprtunities机会。根据下文“Feeling better”可知，此处表示Jenna在英语和历史学科上没有遇到任何问题。故选A项。
144．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她感觉好些了，决定暂时不担心数学了。A. put up举起；B. prepare fr准备；C. wrry abut担心；D. give up放弃。根据上文“She mved n t English and histry, and was surprised t find that she didn’t have any ____8____ with thse subjects. Feeling better,”可知，此处表示Jenna感觉好些，决定暂时不担心数学了。故选C项。
145．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，Jenna去找拜登太太，谈应聘校报的事。A. cmmittee 委员会；B. newspaper报纸；C. radi收音机；D. team团队。根据下文“but we have enugh ____11____ fr the newspaper already.”可知，Jenna找拜登太太是谈应聘校报的事。故选B项。
146．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很抱歉，但我们已经有足够的作家为报纸撰稿了。A. speakers发言者；B. readers读者；C. cheerleaders啦啦队；D. writers作家。根据下文“fr the newspaper already”以及语境可知，Jenna去校报应聘被拒绝，是由于撰稿作家已经够了。故选D项。
147．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Jenna淡淡地笑了笑，离开了。A. happily开心地；B. weakly淡淡地；C. excitedly兴奋地；D. brightly鲜明地。根据上文“Cme back next year and we’ll talk then”可知，Jenna被校报拒绝，所以淡淡地笑着离开了。故选B项。
148．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：高中为什么如此不同？A. similar相似的；B. rdinary普通的；C. different不同的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文“Jenna, a ppular girl frm Westwd Middle Schl, had graduated first in her class”以及语境可知，此处表示Jenna叹息在高中的经历与初中不同。故选C项。
149．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jenna一边收拾书本，一边决定继续努力适应她的新学校。A. refuse拒绝；B. cntinue继续；C. seem似乎；D. frfer提供。根据下文“t try t get used t her new schl. She wasn’t sure whether she’d succeed, but she knew she had t ____15____ .”可知，此处表示Jenna决定继续努力适应新学校。故选B项。
150．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不确定自己是否会成功，但她知道自己必须努力。A. swim游泳；B. try努力；C. ask询问；D. escape逃离。根据上文“She wasn’t sure whether she’d succeed, but she knew she had t”以及语境可知，此处表示Jenna不确定自己会不会成功，但是知道自己必须努力。故选B项。
（2022·河南·洛阳市孟津区第一高级中学高一期末）After watching my sn Tdd run in a race, I made my usual cmment, “Tdd, I culd walk faster than thse wmen run.” Tdd_____151_____as he knew I wasn’t a runner.“ Listen, Mm, hw abut Yur run with me next year at this race?” Withut thinking, I quickly agreed t this_____152_____. I felt this was ging t be a piece fr cake!
Never in my_____153_____dreams did I ever imagine what the next year wuld bring. When it was almst time fr this race t_____154_____, Tdd wasn’t ging t be running. He had died in a car accident. A few fr his friends knew this “challenge” I had agreed t with Tdd. They started t_____155_____me t run the race. I hadn’t_____156_____r prepared anything. Quite_____157_____, I had almst frgtten I said I wuld d it.
I decided I shuld keep my_____158_____. Befre the race, I listened t sme_____159_____talking abut hw t run Yurr race. I played the race ver and ver in my_____160_____when I listened t the tapes. The day fr the race finally came. I felt pretty_____161_____. When it was time fr the race, I was all dressed and ready. It was freezing cld that day, but I didn’t care. I_____162_____all my warm clthes and ran with nly a sleeveless shirt and shrts n. Nthing was ging t_____163_____me.
N ne knew what_____164_____me t run. I finished my practice run, fell n the grass, and cried my eyes ut. I fund that running_____165_____the stress I was feeling fr lsing my dear Tdd.
151．A．sighedB．laughedC．nddedD．screamed
152．A．challengeB．cmprmiseC．cmmandD．declaratin
153．A．mildestB．happiestC．deepestD．wildest
154．A．ccurB．rewardC．endD．exist
155．A．pressB．encurageC．btherD．rder
156．A．appliedB．recveredC．trainedD．digested
157．A．entertaininglyB．franklyC．dubtfullyD．bviusly
158．A．secretB．distanceC．kindnessD．prmise
159．A．tapesB．lecturesC．friendsD．experts
160．A．dreamB．memryC．mindD．sul
161．A．desperateB．heartbrkenC．emtinalD．delighted
162．A．tk frfB．tre upC．threw awayD．handed ut
163．A．amuseB．depressC．easeD．disappint
164．A．influencedB．permittedC．directedD．mtivated
165．A．deepenedB．prvedC．relievedD．fstered
【答案】
151．B 152．A 153．D 154．A 155．B 156．C 157．B 158．D 159．A 160．C 161．C 162．A 163．B 164．D 165．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在儿子托德车祸去世后，遵守承诺，参加跑步比赛的故事。
151．考查动词词义辨析。句意：托德笑了，因为他知道我不擅长跑步。A. sighed叹气；B. laughed笑；C. ndded点头；D. screamed尖叫。根据上文中的“I culd walk faster than thse wmen run”及语境可知，Tdd笑了，因为他知道母亲不擅长跑步。故选B项。
152．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想都没想就答应了这个挑战。A. challenge挑战；B. cmprmise妥协；C. cmmand命令；D. declaratin宣告。根据上文中的“I wasn’t a runner”及下文“A few fr his friends knew this ‘challenge’ I had agreed t with Tdd.”可知，不经思考，作者迅速接受了这个挑战。故选A项。
153．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我最疯狂的梦想中，我从来没有想象过明年会发生什么。A. mildest最温和的；B. happiest最高兴的；C. deepest最深的；D. wildest最狂野的。根据下文中的“dream did I ever imagine”及“He had died in a car accident.”，可知Tdd在第二年的比赛到来前因车祸身亡, 这是作者最疯狂的梦也没有想到的事。故选D项。
154．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这场比赛快要开始时，托德没有参加比赛。A . ccur发生；B. reward奖励；C. end结束；D. exist存在。根据前文的“race”以及下文中的“Tdd wasn’t ging t be running”可知，第二年的比赛快到来时，Tdd已经无法参赛了。故选A项。
155．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们开始鼓励我参加比赛。A. press按；B. encurage鼓励；C. bther使(某人)烦恼；D. rder命令。根据前文“A few fr his friends knew this ‘challenge’ I had agreed t with Tdd.”可知，儿子的朋友知道作者与儿子的约定，在儿子离世后，他们开始鼓励作者去参加比赛。故选B项。
156．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有训练或准备任何东西。A. applied应用；B. recvered康复；C. trained培训；D. digested消化。根据下文中的“prepared anything”结合选项可知，作者没有经过训练也没有做任何准备。故选C项。
157．考查副词词义辨析。句意：坦白地说，我几乎忘了我说过我会做这件事。A. entertainingly有趣地；B. frankly坦白地说；C. dubtfully怀疑地；D. bviusly明显地。根据下文中的“I had almst frgtten I said I wuld d it”可推知，此处是坦白讲，作者几乎忘记了自己曾经说过要参加比赛。故选B项。
158．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定遵守我的诺言。A. secret秘密；B. distance距离；C. kindness仁慈；D. prmise诺言。根据下文“When it was time fr the race, I was all dressed and ready.”可知，作者参加了比赛，所以是决定自己应该信守承诺。故选D项。
159．考查名词词义辨析。句意：比赛前，我听了一些关于如何参加比赛的磁带。A. tapes磁带；B. lectures讲座；C. friends朋友；D. experts专家。根据下文中的“when I listened t the tapes”可知，比赛前，作者在赛前听了一些讲述如何赛跑的磁带。故选A项。
160．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我听磁带的时候，我在脑海里一遍又一遍地播放比赛。A. dream梦；B. memry记忆；C. mind头脑；D. sul灵魂。根据上文中的“I played the race ver and ver”和下文中的“when I listened t the tapes”可知，当作者听磁带时，她在脑海中一遍遍地想象着比赛的场景。故选C项。
161．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很激动。A. desperate绝望的；B. heartbrken极为悲伤的；C. emtinal情绪激动的；D. delighted高兴的。根据前文“Withut thinking, I quickly agreed t this 2 .”可知，这次比赛是作者和Tdd的约定，根据常理推知，此处指当比赛到来时，作者的情绪很激动。故选C项。
162．考查动词短语辨析。句意：脱下所有保暖的衣服，只穿了一件无袖衬衫和短裤。A. tk frf脱(衣服,帽子,鞋子等)；B. tre up撕碎；C. threw away扔掉；D. handed ut分发。根据下文中的“ran with nly a sleeveless shirt and shrts n”可知，作者脱去了所有保温暖的衣服，只穿着无袖衬衫和短裤。故选A项。
163．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有什么能让我沮丧。A. amuse逗乐；B. depress使沮丧；C. ease缓解；D. disappint使失望。根据前文“It was freezing cld that day, but I didn’t care.”可知，那天极为寒冷，但作者并不在乎，什么事也不能使她消沉。故选B项。
164．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没人知道我参选的动机是什么。A. influenced影响；B. permitted允许；C. directed监督；D. mtivated成为…的动机。根据后文“me t run”指促使作者去跑步的理由没人知道，mtivate sb. t d sth.“激励某人做某事”。故选D。
165．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现跑步可以缓解失去亲爱的托德带来的压力。A. deepened变强烈；B. prved证明；C. relieved减轻；D. fstered促进。根据下文中的“the stress I was feeling fr lsing my dear Tdd”可知，作者发现跑步减轻了她因失去爱子Tdd而感受到的压力。故选C项。
（2022·辽宁·大连佰圣高级中学有限公司高一期中）This week we drve ver t spend sme time with Aunt Carmeleta. We dn’t see her ____166____ because she lives in Tennesee, which is far frm us. Hwever, this past week her husband Ken drve their mtr hme t Michigan t ____167____ a party.
As always, it was ____168____ t see Carmeleta. She met us at the mtr hme dr ____169____. She gave us each a big hug and scurried(碎步疾跑) arund t make us ____170____.
The first time my friend, Bill, met Carmeleta, he said, “She can’t be ____171____!” Bill had never met anyne s kind, ____172____, and full fr mercy(仁慈) as Carmeleta. But after knwing her fr well ver 50 years, he ____173____ she is.
I’ve been ____174____ t knw Carmeleta my whle life. She have _____175_____ me mre than she culd ever knw. When I _____176_____ t her hw peple were talking bad abut me, she wuld _____177_____ me, “Just keep being Yurrself. _____178_____ Yurrself fr wh Yur are.” I’m sure she saw areas where I needed _____179_____, but she nly shwed lve, patience, and mercy t me.
Next mnth Carmeleta will be 89 years Yurng. I say Yurng because she never seems t _____180_____ fr me. And she is still full fr lve, kindness and mercy. She accepts peple where they are, and she is fr real!
166．A．frmallyB．ratherC．frtenD．cmpletely
167．A．attendB．celebrateC．hnurD．repeat
168．A．awkwardB．pssibleC．wnderfulD．bvius
169．A．teachingB．jggingC．agreeingD．smiling
170．A．wrriedB．cmfrtableC．sadD．graceful
171．A．realB．ldC．beautifulD．active
172．A．strngB．lvingC．nativeD．frightened
173．A．hpesB．attractsC．admiresD．believes
174．A．anxiusB．cnfusingC．luckyD．amazing
175．A．helpedB．cheatedC．fedD．phned
176．A．referredB．explainedC．appliedD．cmplained
177．A．stpB．cmpareC．guideD．anny
178．A．ChangeB．DislikeC．AcceptD．Stress
179．A．truthB．imprvementC．surceD．stress
180．A．waitB．wrkC．viewD．age
【答案】
166．C 167．A 168．C 169．D 170．B 171．A 172．B 173．D 174．C 175．A 176．D 177．C 178．C 179．B 180．D
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Carmeleta的为人，总是鼓励作者，关爱作者，这让作者觉得认识她是一辈子的幸运。尽管她已经快89岁了，但作者从来不觉得她衰老。
166．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们并不是经常见到她，因为她住在Tennesee，离我们很远。A. frmally正式地；B. rather相当，十分；C. frten经常地；D. cmpletely完全地。根据后文“because she lives in Tennesee, which is far frm us.”可知，此处指我们隔得很远，因此不经常见面，故选C。
167．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，上周，她的丈夫Ken开着他们的房车回到了Michigan，参加聚会。A. attend参加；B. celebrate庆祝；C. hnur纪念；D. repeat重复。根据空后的“a party”可知，此处指回家参加聚会，故选A。
168．考查形容词词义辨析。像往常一样，见到Carmeleta是很不错的。A. awkward尴尬的；B. pssible可能的；C. wnderful不错的，精彩的；D. bvius明显的。根据后文“Bill had never met anyne s kind, 7 , and full fr mercy(仁慈) as Carmeleta.”可知，作者是喜欢Carmeleta，因此见到Carmeleta，作者觉得很好，很不错，故选C。
178．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. Change改变；B. Dislike不喜欢；C. Accept接受；D. Stress强调，重视。根据前文“Just keep being Yurrself”可知，此处指让作者做自己，接受自己，故选C。
179．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信，她看到了我需要提高的地方，但是她只对我表现出关爱、耐心和仁慈。A. truth真相；B. imprvement提高，提升；C. surce资源；D. stress压力。根据空后的转折“but she nly shwed lve, patience, and mercy t me.”可知，尽管Carmeleta看到了作者需要提高的地方，但她却只是表现出爱、耐心和仁慈，故选B。
180．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我认为她很年轻，因为对我来说，她似乎从不衰老。A. wait等待；B. wrk工作；C. view看待；D. age衰老，上年纪。根据前文“Next mnth Carmeleta will be 89 years Yurng. I say Yurng because she never seems t”可知，此处指Carmeleta尽管89岁了，但作者从不觉得她衰老，故选D。