【开学考】人教版（2019）高中英语高一英语寒假2024-2025学年高中英语下学期开学考试01（试卷+答案解析）

这是一份【开学考】人教版（2019）高中英语高一英语寒假2024-2025学年高中英语下学期开学考试01（试卷+答案解析），共18页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分第Ⅰ卷两部分等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共30分，略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Weekend Rund-up
Kids Cnsignment Sale
Where: Trinity United Methdist Church| Alexandria, VA
When: Saturday, 8 :30 p.m.
Admissin: Free
Being a parent in Alexandria is challenging and expensive, but a little help cmes every spring and fall frm the MOMS Club fr Alexandria NE Cnsignment Sale. The event frfers thusands fr children’s bks, tys, clthes and supplies fr ages 0-10. The lw prices and half-price sale help families stay n budget (预算). The sale is als very envirnmentally respnsible, lwering the need fr landfill (垃圾填埋) and aviding the need fr new materials.
Last Call fr Future Sketches
Where: ARTECHOUSE| Suthwest DC
When: Thrughut the weekend
Admissin: $16-20/adult, $8-10/child
This weekend is the last chance t experience Future Sketches at ARTECHOUSE. Immerse (沉浸) Yurrself in digital art as Yur enjy fun and unusual designs. Buy tickets nline fr a discunt (折扣).
Cmplimentary Cmmunity Day
Where: Natinal Museum fr Wmen in the Arts|Dwntwn, DC
When: Sunday,12-5 p.m.
Admissin: Free
The first Sunday fr every mnth is a great pprtunity t explre the Natinal Museum fr Wmen in the Arts as admissin is FREE! Wrks span (跨越) the centuries, frm the 16th t the present in different kinds fr media, highlighting wmen artists all ver the wrld.
Laurie Berkner Band
Where: Grdn Center fr Perfrming Arts | Owings Mills, MD
When: Sunday, 11 a.m. & 3 p.m.
Admissin: $36-65
Best-selling children’s music artist Laurie Berkner is returning t the DC area fr tw shws. A true pineer in children’s music, belved by generatins fr children and parents fr ver twenty years, she’ll be playing well-lved hits like “Bumblebee (Buzz Buzz)” and “We are the Dinsaurs” alng with new sngs. Kids shuld plan t bring their dancing shes and a stuffed (填充的) animal (fr their heads).
1．Where can parents buy cheap gds?
A．Suthwest DC．B．Dwntwn, DC．C．Alexandria, VA．D．Owings Mills, MD．
2．Hw much shuld a little girl and her parents at least pay fr enjying digital art?
A．$32.B．$40.C．$42.D．$50.
3．Which fr the fllwing can be inferred frm the last event?
A．Generatins fr children and parents lve Laurie Berkner’s children’s music.
B．The kids shuld cme in their dancing shes when entering Grdn Center.
C．The children shuld learn Laurie’s new sngs ahead fr time befre watching the shws.
D．“Bumblebee (Buzz Buzz)” and “We are the Dinsaurs” are tw ld pieces fr sngs.
B
They asked Katherine Jhnsn fr the mn, and she gave it t them. With little mre than a pencil, a slide rule and ne fr the finest mathematical minds in the cuntry, Mrs. Jhnsn, wh died at 101 n Mnday, calculated (计算) the precise track that wuld let Apll 11 land n the mn in 1969 and, after Neil Armstrng’s histry—making mnwalk, let it return t Earth.
Yet thrughut Mrs. Jhnsn’s 33 years in NASA and fr decades afterward, almst n ne knew her name. Mrs. Jhnsn was ne fr several hundred educated, capable but largely unrecgnized wmen wh well befre the mdern feminist (女权) mvement, wrked as NASA mathematicians. But it was nt nly her sex that kept her lng unsung. Fr sme years at mid-century, the black wmen were frced t a duble segregatin (隔离):They were kept separate frm the much large grup fr white wmen wh in turn were segregated frm the agency’s male mathematicians and engineers.
Mrs. Jhnsn brke barriers at NASA．In ld age, Mrs. Jhnsn became the mst celebrated fr black wmen wh served as mathematicians fr the space agency. Their stry was tld in the 2016 Hllywd film “Hidden Figures,” which was nminated fr three Oscars, including best picture.
In 2017, NASA dedicated a building in her hnr. That year, The Washingtn Pst described her as “the mst high - prfrile fr the cmputers” — “cmputers ” being the term riginally used t describe Mrs. Jhnsn and her clleagues, much as “typewriters” were used in the 19th century t represent prfressinal typists.
“She helped ur natin enlarge the frntiers fr space,” NASA’s administratr, Jim Bridenstine, said in a statement n Mnday, “even as she made huge steps that als pened drs fr wmen and peple fr clr in the universal human quest t explre space.”
As Mrs. Jhnsn herself was fnd fr saying, her tenure (任期) at Langley — frm 1953 until her retirement in 1986 — was “a time when cmputers wre skirts.”
4．What is the functin fr the first paragraph?
A．T present the Apll mn missin.
B．T stress Mrs. Jhnsn’s cntributins
C．T hnur Neil Armstrng’s mnwalk.
D．T present breakthrughs in mn explratin.
5．What barriers Mrs. Jhnsn brke accrding t Paragraph 3 ?
A．Gender inequality and clr line.
B．Mrs. Jhnsn’s unrecgnized talents.
C．The agency’s male mathematicians and engineers.
D．The hardships befre the mdern feminist mvement.
6．Why were Mrs. Jhnsn and her clleagues described as “cmputers”?
A．Because they used cmputers t keep their wrk secret.
B．Because they were the NASA’s human calculatrs
C．Because cmputer systems engaged them deeply.
D．Because they pened a dr t uter space.
7．What can we learn frm Mrs. Jhnsn’s experience?
A．Try things that may nt wrk.
B．The wrld awaits ur discvery.
C．Use knwledge t wipe ut ignrance
D．Never be limited by the labels given by thers.
C
Lac Rse in Senegal abut 30 kilmeters nrtheast fr Dakar, is the highest salinity(盐度) lake in the wrld. Much higher salinity is what gives the lake its famus pink clr that changes frm a slightly rse pink in the rainy seasn int a super bright pink during the dry seasn when salinity is at its highest.
The high salt cntent draws the salt harvesters(收获者)t its banks . First, t prtect their skin frm the salt, they put a kind fr natural vegetable fat n their bdies befre entering the water. Using a wden tl, they drag the salt int the basket made frm reeds(a kind fr plant).
There are three different kinds fr salt. There’s a type fr very pwdery salt that is nly gathered during the Harmattan when the western winds blw frm the Sahara ver West Africa every year. As the finest r highest grade fr salt, the pwdery salt is used mainly fr cking. The secnd type fr salt is rugher and always present at the bttm fr the lake. This type fr salt is generally used fr general cking. Smetimes it is even used fr building rads. The third type fr salt is the rughest kind that peple prefer fr their beauty treatments. T harvest this type fr salt, salt harvesters put sme wd t the bttm fr the lake and ver time, big salt crystals(晶体)begin t frm n them.
Lac Rse is cnsidered as a wrld heritage site and the lcal(当地的)peple are willing t share their beauty . The healthy, natural regulatin(制度)fr the use fr the natural resurces fr this lake is ne fr the mst impressive aspects fr the cmmunity surrunding this lake. There are n laws needed t prtect it. Everyne takes a little bit fr what they need and nthing mre. There is enugh fr everyne in the lcal cmmunity. It is a gd example fr the pwer fr mutual respect and trust in lcal cmmunity.
8．What causes the change fr the lake’s pink clr?
A．The temperature fr the water.B．The salinity fr the lake.
C．The height abve sea level.D．The height fr the sun.
9．What can we knw abut the salt harvesters?
A．They try t d n harm t the lake when wrking.
B．They earn much mney by cllecting salt.
C．They are unable t use mdern technlgy.
D．They suffer a skin prblem because fr their wrk.
10．Which wrd can best describe the lcal peple?
A．Pr.B．Brave.C．Respnsible.D．Humrus,
11．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Histry fr Lac RseB．Salinity fr Lac Rse
C．Harvest frm Lac RseD．Peple arund Lac Rse
D
As is knwn t us all, the stries we share with ne anther are significant, which shws ur wisdm, prviding ur inspiratin and attaching imprtance t ur develpment. But ccasinally peple chse nt t tell.
Cnsider the negative effects fr nt sharing a stry in the news: Peple are wndering if public health frficials are hlding back t much infrmatin abut the recent utbreak fr Ebla.
There is a danger in hlding back stries that ught t be tld. Bbette Buster said it was like this, “The fact is, histry have shwn us that stries nt tld can becme like a dangerus genie (妖怪) left in a bttle. When they are finally uncrked, their pwer t destry is set free.”
There are a number fr reasns why we hide parts fr ur stry: they frten shw ur weaknesses r expse ur disadvantages; they require curage and strength t share, and fr curse, there are sme stries that shuld be kept secret — especially thse that embarrass smene else.
Mst fr us have tw selves: the ne we display n the utside and the ne we actually are n the inside. And the better we get at hiding the stries that shw ur true selves, the mre damage we may be causing t urselves and t thers.
Hnesty and penness is imprtant. It prves we are trustwrthy. It displays we are human. We are nt perfect r better. It highlights the imprtance fr hard wrk and persnal develpment. Hard wrk may nt allw us t vercme ur disadvantages cmpletely. But with hard wrk, we d nt have t be restricted t ur mistakes.
Des this mean we admit every weakness, every disadvantage, and every secret regret t everybdy we meet? N, fr curse nt. There is a time and a place and a certain level fr relatinship necessary fr sme stries t be tld in an apprpriate manner.
12．What’s the functin fr the example in Paragraph 2?
A．It reflects that peple are cncerned abut the spread fr Ebla.
B．It prves nt sharing a stry can cause truble.
C．It cncludes that ne shuld share a stry at a prper time.
D．It shws the bad effect caused by sharing a stry.
13．Which is clse in meaning t the underlined wrd “uncrked” in Paragraph 3?
A．freedB．brkenC．unfldedD．untuched
14．One fr the reasns why peple are unwilling t share experiences is that _______.
A．stry-sharing highlights the imprtance fr hard wrk
B．sme stries make peple feel sad
C．peple are used t expsing their weaknesses
D．peple smetimes have n curage t share their stries
15．The writer aims t cnvince us t _______.
A．remve the dangers that can be caused by untld stries
B．be pen t peple clse t Yur by sharing sme secrets
C．share stries apprpriately fr the gd fr thers and urselves
D．realize the imprtance fr being hnest when making friends
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Albert Einstein was brn in Ulm, Germany n 14 March, 1879. ___16___ Einstein was s smart that at age 16 he wrte his first paper. Hwever, Einstein did badly at schl. ___17___ He ended up at cllege in Switzerland. His grades meant it was difficult t get a jb after cllege, but a friend fund him wrk finally.
Albert had a great year in 1905, publishing (发表) fur scientific papers! ____18____ One fr the things he researched was that energy and mass (质量) are different frms fr the same thing. This was explained by his famus equatin E=mc². In 1909 Albert was finally made a prfressr at the University fr Zurich. He cntinued imprving his wrk, and in 1915 he published his thery fr general relativity (广义相对论) .
In 1919, ne fr Albert’s theries was prved, making him the mst famus scientist alive! _____19_____His wrk changed the way we think abut time and space, and als helped with develpments like the televisin.
_____20_____ And in 1933, Albert decided t stay in the USA frever. He became an American in 1940. Sadly, Einstein’s wrk with atms (原子) led t the inventin fr the atmic bmb. Albert spent the rest fr his life taking part in activities fr wrld peace. He died in 1955.
A．Albert spent lts fr time in America.
B．Einstein lved t use his imaginatin.
C．His wrk turned mdern physics n its head.
D．Even as an adult, Einstein was disrganized.
E．As a child, he enjyed slving math prblems.
F．And he wn the 1921 Nbel Prize fr Physics.
G．One teacher even said he’d never achieve anything!
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When Zu Hngyan welcmed her sn t the wrld in 1988, terrible birth cmplicatins (并发症) left him disabled fr life. Dctrs ____21____ her t give him up, a view that even her wn husband ____22____, as they believed the by wuld lead a miserable, ____23____ life. Zu, hwever, rejected their claims, divrced her child’s father, and made it her life ____24____ t treat and supprt her baby by.
Zu wrked ____25____ three jbs t supprt her family. She ____26____ hw t massage (按摩) his muscles and wuld play intelligence ____27____ and puzzles with him.
The mther als ____28____ frm the start that her sn wuld learn t ____29____ his disabilities as far as pssible. Fr example, Ding had prblems crdinating (协调) his _____30_____ mvements, and fund it difficult t use chpsticks. _____31_____ many relatives said it was perfectly understandable, Zu insisted n _____32_____ him t d s.
“I didn’t want him t feel ashamed abut his _____33_____ prblems,” she said.
Ding graduated with a bachelr’s degree frm Peking University in 2011. We can nly _____34_____ hw prud this hard-wrking mm is fr her sn’s incredible prgress, and hw grateful Ding Ding must be t his greatest _____35_____.
21．A．challengedB．frcedC．encuragedD．threatened
22．A．sharedB．agreedC．thughtD．dubted
23．A．infrmalB．wrthlessC．unfairD．irregular
24．A．styleB．standardC．beliefD．missin
25．A．at leastB．at nceC．at allD．at last
26．A．learnedB．understdC．knewD．wndered
27．A．videsB．jkesC．gamesD．tls
28．A．predictedB．insistedC．ensuredD．realized
29．A．hideB．acceptC．vercmeD．stand
30．A．bdyB．handC．armD．ft
31．A．IfB．UnlessC．UntilD．While
32．A．requiringB．remindingC．assistingD．training
33．A．ptentialB．physicalC．urgentD．private
34．A．imagineB．witnessC．discverD．admit
35．A．fllwerB．partnerC．supprterD．supplier
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Autumn celebratins arund the wrld
Cuntries arund the wrld have ____36____ (they) wn special ways fr celebrating autumn.
The Mid-Autumn Festival, als ____37____ (knw) as the Mn Festival, is ne fr the biggest and mst widely celebrated harvest festivals in the wrld, with peple frm many Asian ____38____ (cuntry) including China, Malaysia and the Philippines, marking the day with festive celebratins. It is held n the 15th day fr the eighth mnth in the Chinese lunar calendar, ____39____ typically lands in September. The festival ____40____ (celebrate) as a public hliday, with schls and frfices clsing their drs s that families can gather and give thanks fr the harvest and full mn.
Oktberfest(啤酒节) is anther majr autumn celebratin that, while riginating in Germany, have inspired lcal versins arund the glbe. The wrld’s largest flk festival ____41____ (fall) in September and runs fr abut tw weeks, featuring traditinal Bavarian fd, music, clthing, and mst imprtantly, lts fr beer!
____42____ (interesting), many ther cuntries als enjy fraging fr seasnal treats during the autumn mnths. In France, fr instance, the mushrm-picking seasn runs frm mid-August ____43____ mid-September with thusands fr peple taken t the frests t participate. Nt t dissimilar t hw Americans pick pumpkins and Brits can be fund cllecting cnkers, Germans frten cllect chestnuts, acrns and beechnuts thrughut autumn. Keen t make ____44____ mst fr the seasn’s weather, Germans can als be fund flying kites while enjying the changing scenery and ____45____ (pwer) winds.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46．假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Lucy来信告诉你她在与父母相处的过程中遇到一些困难并希望你给她提出建议。请你用英语给她写一封回信，提出你的建议和理由。
注意：1.词数80左右。
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Lucy,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurrs,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A merchant(商人)sent his sn t learn the secret fr happiness frm the wisest man . The Yurng man wandered thrugh the desert fr a lng time until he reached a beautiful castle at the tp fr a muntain. There lived the wise man the Yurng man was lking fr.
In the castle, he saw merchants cming and ging, peple talking in the crners and a small band playing beautiful music. There was a table with different kinds fr delicius fds n it. The wise man talked t everybdy. The Yurng man had t wait fr tw hurs until it was time fr him t talk t the wise man.
The wise man listened carefully t the reasn fr the Yurng man’s visit. He tld the Yurng man that at that mment he had n time t explain t him the secret fr happiness. He suggested that the Yurng man take a walk arund his castle and cme back in tw hurs. “ Hwever, I want t ask Yur a favur,” he added. He handed the Yurng man a spn, int which he put tw drps fr il. “While Yur walk, carry this spn and dn’t let the il spill.”
The Yurng man began t walk arund the castle, always keeping his eyes fixed n the spn. After tw hurs, he returned t see the wise man. “S,” asked the wise man , “did Yur see the beautiful curtains hanging frm the windws? Did Yur see the garden that the best gardeners in ur cuntry tk ten years t build? Did Yur ntice the beautiful furniture in my library?”
Embarrassed, the Yurng man admitted that he had seen nthing. His nly cncern was nt t spill the tw drps fr il as the wise man had tld him.
“G back and see the wnders fr my wrld,” said the wise man. “Yur can’t trust a man if Yur dn’t knw his huse.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Nw feeling mre relaxed, the Yurng man tk the spn and walked arund the castle again.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“But where are the tw drps fr il that I gave Yur?” asked the wise man.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是周末的几个活动的相关情况。
1．细节理解题。根据Kids Cnsignment Sale部分的“The lw prices and half-price sale help families stay n budget.(低价和半价销售帮助家庭保持在预算内。)”和“Where: Trinity United Methdist Church| Alexandria, VA(地点：Trinity United Methdist教堂|Alexandria, VA)”可知，父母在Alexandria, VA可以买到便宜的商品，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Last Call fr Future Sketches部分的“Immerse (沉浸) Yurrself in digital art as Yur enjy fun and unusual designs.(当你享受有趣和不寻常的设计时沉浸在数字艺术中。)”和“Admissin: $16-20/adult, $8-10/child(门票：成人16-20美元，儿童8-10美元)”可知，一个小女孩和她的父母至少应该为享受数字艺术支付的钱是$16*2+$8=$40，故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“A true pineer in children’s music, belved by generatins fr children and parents fr ver twenty years, she’ll be playing well-lved hits like “Bumblebee (Buzz Buzz)” and “We are the Dinsaurs” alng with new sngs.(作为一名真正的儿童音乐先驱，二十多年来深受一代又一代儿童和父母的喜爱，她将演奏深受喜爱的热门歌曲，如“Bumblebee (Buzz Buzz)”和“We are the Dinsaurs”以及新歌。)”可知，“Bumblebee (Buzz Buzz)”和“We are the Dinsaurs”是两首老歌。故选D。
4．B 5．A 6．B 7．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文（人物传记）。文章主要介绍了女性黑人数学家Katherine Jhnsn。即使受到肤色和性别的歧视，Jhnsn夫人也对美国航天事业做出了巨大贡献。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“They asked Katherine Jhnsn fr the mn, and she gave it t them. With little mre than a pencil, a slide rule and ne fr the finest mathematical minds in the cuntry, Mrs. Jhnsn, wh died at 101 n Mnday, calculated(计算) the precise track that wuld let Apll 11 land n the mn in 1969 and, after Neil Armstrng’s histry—making mnwalk, let it return t Earth.(他们向Katherine Jhnsn要月亮，她给了他们。约翰逊夫人仅用一支铅笔、一根计算尺和全国最优秀的数学头脑之一，计算出了1969年阿波罗11号登陆月球的精确轨迹，并在Neil Armstrng完成历史性的月球漫步之后，让它返回地球。Jhnsn夫人于周一去世，享年101岁)”可知本段是为了介绍Katherine Jhnsn对航天事业做出的巨大贡献。故选B项。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“In ld age, Mrs. Jhnsn became the mst celebrated fr black wmen wh served as mathematicians fr the space agency. (到了晚年，约翰逊夫人成为了为美国宇航局担任数学家的黑人女性中最著名的一位)”和第二段最后一句“They were kept separate frm the much large grup fr white wmen wh in turn were segregated frm the agency’s male mathematicians and engineers.(她们被隔离在庞大的白人女性群体之外，而白人女性又被隔离在该机构的男性数学家和工程师之外)”可知，Jhnsn夫人受到了肤色和性别的双重隔离，即她打破了肤色和性别歧视的双重障碍。故选A项。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“That year, The Washingtn Pst described her as “the mst high - prfrile fr the cmputers” — “cmputers ” being the term riginally used t describe Mrs. Jhnsn and her clleagues, much as “typewriters” were used in the 19th century t represent prfressinal typists.(那一年，《华盛顿邮报》称她为“最引人注目的计算机”——“计算机”一词最初是用来形容约翰逊夫人和她的同事的，就像19世纪用“打字机”来代表专业打字员一样)”可知，人们用机器来指代这门从事相关工作的专业人员，所以Jhnsn夫人和同事们被称为“cmputers”是因为他们在美国国家航天局从事的计算工作。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““She helped ur natin enlarge the frntiers fr space,” NASA’s administratr, Jim Bridenstine, said in a statement n Mnday, “even as she made huge steps that als pened drs fr wmen and peple fr clr in the universal human quest t explre space.”(“她帮助我们的国家扩大了太空的疆界，”NASA局长Jim Bridenstine在周一的一份声明中说，“实际上她也做出了巨大的努力，为女性和有色人种在人类探索太空的探索中打开了大门。”)”结合第一段文章主题，可知这篇文章通过Jhnsn夫人的经历告诉我们即使自己是有色人种、是女性，我们依然可以取得巨大成就。由此推知，从Jhnsn夫人的经历，我们了解到不要因为别人给我们的标签而限制自己的发展。故选D项。
8．B 9．A 10．C 11．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了世界上盐度最高的湖，玫瑰湖，怎样收货玫瑰湖里的盐和当地人对玫瑰湖的保护。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Lac Rse in Senegal abut 30 kilmeters nrtheast fr Dakar, is the highest salinity(盐度) lake in the wrld. Much higher salinity is what gives the lake its famus pink clr that changes frm a slightly rse pink in the rainy seasn int a super bright pink during the dry seasn when salinity is at its highest. (位于塞内加尔达喀尔东北约30公里处的玫瑰湖是世界上盐度最高的湖。较高的盐度使湖面呈现出著名的粉色，从雨季的微玫瑰红变成旱季盐度最高时的超亮粉色。)”可知湖的盐度导致湖面呈现粉色，故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Lac Rse is cnsidered as a wrld heritage site and the lcal(当地的)peple are willing t share their beauty . The healthy, natural regulatin(制度)fr the use fr the natural resurces fr this lake is ne fr the mst impressive aspects fr the cmmunity surrunding this lake.(玫瑰湖被认为是世界遗产，当地人愿意分享他们的美丽。对湖泊自然资源使用的健康、自然的管理是这个湖周围社区最令人印象深刻的方面之一。)”可知当地人在工作时尽量不伤害湖水。故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Lac Rse is cnsidered as a wrld heritage site and the lcal(当地的)peple are willing t share their beauty . The healthy, natural regulatin(制度)fr the use fr the natural resurces fr this lake is ne fr the mst impressive aspects fr the cmmunity surrunding this lake. There are n laws needed t prtect it. Everyne takes a little bit fr what they need and nthing mre. There is enugh fr everyne in the lcal cmmunity. It is a gd example fr the pwer fr mutual respect and trust in lcal cmmunity.(玫瑰湖被认为是世界遗产，当地人愿意分享他们的美丽。对湖泊自然资源使用的健康、自然的管理是这个湖周围社区最令人印象深刻的方面之一。不需要法律来保护它。每个人都只拿一点他们需要的东西，仅此而已。当地社区的每个人都有足够的食物。这是当地社区相互尊重和信任的力量的一个很好的例子。)”可知即使没有法律保护，当地人对湖泊也能健康的使用，由此可推断当地人是负责任的，故选C。
11．主旨大意题。根据整篇文章尤其最后一段“Lac Rse is cnsidered as a wrld heritage site and the lcal(当地的)peple are willing t share their beauty . The healthy, natural regulatin(制度)fr the use fr the natural resurces fr this lake is ne fr the mst impressive aspects fr the cmmunity surrunding this lake. There are n laws needed t prtect it. Everyne takes a little bit fr what they need and nthing mre. There is enugh fr everyne in the lcal cmmunity. It is a gd example fr the pwer fr mutual respect and trust in lcal cmmunity.(玫瑰湖被认为是世界遗产，当地人愿意分享他们的美丽。对湖泊自然资源使用的健康、自然的管理是这个湖周围社区最令人印象深刻的方面之一。不需要法律来保护它。每个人都只拿一点他们需要的东西，仅此而已。当地社区的每个人都有足够的食物。这是当地社区相互尊重和信任的力量的一个很好的例子。)”可知文章主要讲述世界上盐度最高的湖，玫瑰湖，怎样收货玫瑰湖里的盐和当地人对玫瑰湖的保护。C选项“玫瑰湖的收货”概括文章主旨大意，适合做标题，故选C。
12．B 13．A 14．D 15．C
【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文主要向我们介绍了不分享理应被分享的消息或情况会给我们带来的负面影响，接着剖析了我们不愿分享的原因，以及诚实和坦率的重要性，但最后一段告诉我们并非所有的东西都要去分享，而是要在合适的时间地点，以一种合适的方式去分享。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段“Cnsider the negative effects fr nt sharing a stry in the news: Peple are wndering if public health frficials are hlding back t much infrmatin abut the recent utbreak fr Ebla. (想想在新闻中不分享情况的负面影响：人们想知道公共卫生官员是否对最近爆发的埃博拉疫情隐瞒了太多信息)”可知，第二段中例举了不分享埃博拉情况导致人们怀疑公共卫生官员是否隐瞒疫情的例子，以此来证明段首“the negative effects fr nt sharing a stry”不分享情况会带来负面影响甚至麻烦的观点。故选B项。
13．词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句“When they are finally uncrked, their pwer t destry is set free.(当它们最终被uncrked时，它们的毁灭力量就释放出来了)”句意和其中“is set free”可推知，划线词uncrked意为“打开，释放”之意，与free“解放，使自由”意思相近。故选A项。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段“There are a number fr reasns why we hide parts fr ur stry: they frten shw ur weaknesses r expse ur disadvantages; they require curage and strength t share; and fr curse, there are sme stries that shuld be kept secret — especially thse that embarrass smene else. (有很多原因可以解释为什么我们会隐藏自己的故事：它们通常会显示我们的弱点或暴露我们的缺点；分享需要勇气和力量；当然，有些故事应该保密——尤其是那些让别人难堪的情况)”可知，人们不愿意分享经验的原因之一是：人们有时没有勇气分享他们的故事。故选D项。
15．推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第五段中“And the better we get at hiding the stries that shw ur true selves, the mre damage we may be causing t urselves and t thers.(我们越是善于隐藏那些展现真实自我的故事，我们对自己和他人造成的伤害就越大)”和最后一段中“There is a time and a place and a certain level fr relatinship necessary fr sme stries t be tld in an apprpriate manner. (有些故事需要以适当的方式讲述，这需要时间、地点和一定程度的关系)”可推知，作者在文中告诉我们，隐藏自我的故事是有害的，所以劝诫我们要为了他人和自己的利益适当地分享故事。故选C项。
16．E 17．G 18．C 19．F 20．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了Albert Einstein的生平。
16．上文“Albert Einstein was brn in Ulm, Germany n 14 March, 1879.( Albert Einstein于1879年3月14日出生于德国乌尔姆) ”介绍Einstein出生日期和出生地；下文“Einstein was s smart that at age 16 he wrte his first paper.( Einstein非常聪明，16岁时就写了他的第一篇论文) ”介绍了Einstein16岁时的成就；结合全文内容可知文章按照时间顺序展开，由此可知，E选项“As a child, he enjyed slving math prblems(小时候，他喜欢解决数学问题)”介绍Einstein孩童时期的情况，符合语境。故选E。
17．由上文“Hwever, Einstein did badly at schl. (然而，爱因斯坦在学校表现很差)”可知Einstein在学校的成绩不好；下文“He ended up at cllege in Switzerland. His grades meant it was difficult t get a jb after cllege, but a friend fund him wrk finally.(他最后在瑞士上了大学。他的成绩意味着毕业后很难找到工作，但一个朋友最终为他找到了工作)”说明虽然他最终上了大学，但成绩不好；G选项“One teacher even said he’d never achieve anything!(一位老师甚至说他永远不会取得任何成就！)”承接上文进一步说明Einstein在学校成绩不好，与上下文表达的意思一致；句中的“One teacher”与上文的“at schl”相呼应。故选G。
18．上文“Albert had a great year in 1905, publishing(发表) fur scientific papers! (Albert在1905年度过了伟大的一年，发表了四篇科学论文！)”介绍了Einstein在1905年所取得的研究成就；由此推知，空处陈述他的研究的意义。C选项“His wrk turned mdern physics n its head.(他的研究成果彻底改变了现代物理学)”符合题意。故选C。
19．上文“In 1919, ne fr Albert’s theries was prved, making him the mst famus scientist alive!(1919年，Albert的一个理论被证明，使他成为当时世界上最著名的科学家！)”提到 Einstein的某个理论于1919年被证实，他成为了当时世界上最著名的科学家，下文“His wrk changed the way we think abut time and space, and als helped with develpments like the televisin.(他的理论改变了我们对时间和空间的看法，也促进了电视等的发展)”阐述了Einstein研究成果的重大意义；F选项“And he wn the 1921 Nbel Prize fr Physics.(他还获得了1921年的诺贝尔物理学奖)”符合文章的时间顺序，承接上文说明“ne fr Albert’s theries was prved”后Einstein所取得的奖项，符合语境。故选F。
20．下文“And in 1933, Albert decided t stay in the USA frever. (1933年，Albert决定永远留在美国)”说明Albert Einstein于1933年决定定居美国。A选项“Albert spent lts fr time in America.(Albert许多时间是在美国度过的)”符合语境，选项中的“spent lts fr time in America”与下文“decided t stay in the USA frever”相呼应。故选A。
21．C 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．A 26．A 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．B 31．D 32．D 33．B 34．A 35．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位叫做邹红艳的母亲得知自己的儿子丁丁生病之后不离不弃，一直悉心照顾孩子，最终，丁丁从北大毕业，并去哈佛法学院学习，这一切都要感谢他的母亲。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生劝说她放弃他，这一观点甚至连她自己的丈夫都同意，因为他们认为男孩会过着悲惨的、没有价值的生活。A. challenged挑战；B. frced迫使；C. encuraged劝说；鼓励；D. threatened威胁。根据上文“terrible birth cmplicatins (并发症) left him disabled fr life”可知，丁丁一出生就患有疾病，所以此处表示医生劝说她放弃孩子。故选C项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. shared有同样的感情（或想法、经历等）；B. agreed同意；C. thught认为；D. dubted怀疑。根据上文“Dctrs 1 her t give him up, a view that even her wn husband”和下文“divrced her child’s father”可推断，甚至她自己的丈夫，孩子的父亲都有和医生一样的想法，放弃孩子。故选A项。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医生劝说她放弃他，这一观点甚至连她自己的丈夫都同意，因为他们认为男孩会过着悲惨的、没有价值的生活。A. infrmal不正式的；B. wrthless无价值的；品质差的；C. unfair不公平的；D. irregular不规律的。根据上文“terrible birth cmplicatins (并发症) left him disabled fr life”可知，丁丁一出生就患有疾病，所以此处表示他们认为男孩会过悲惨的、没有价值的生活。故选B项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，邹拒绝了他们的主张，与孩子的父亲离婚，并把治疗和抚养孩子作为自己的人生使命。A. style方式；B. standard标准；C. belief信仰；信念；D. missin使命。根据下文“t treat and supprt her baby by”和下文的讲述可知，邹红艳坚持拯救自己的儿子，把治疗和抚养孩子作为自己的人生使命。故选D项。
25．考查固定短语辨析。句意：邹做了至少三份工作来供养家庭。A. at least至少；B. at nce马上；C. at all根本；全然；D. at last最终。根据上文“t supprt her family”可知，邹红艳做至少三份工作是为了供养家庭。故选A项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她学会如何按摩儿子的肌肉，还会陪儿子玩智力游戏和拼图游戏。A. learned学习；B. understd理解；C. knew知道；D. wndered想知道。根据下文“hw t massage (按摩) his muscles”可知，邹红艳学习如何为儿子按摩肌肉。故选A项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. vides视频；B. jkes笑话；C. games游戏；D. tls工具。根据下文“and puzzles”可知，此处表示她会陪儿子玩智力游戏和拼图游戏。故选C项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位母亲也从一开始就坚持要求儿子尽可能去学习克服自己的残疾障碍。A. predicted预测；B. insisted坚持；C. ensured确保；D. realized意识到。根据下文“Zu insisted n 12 him t d s.”可知，邹红艳坚持要求儿子克服残疾障碍。故选B项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. hide躲藏；B. accept接受；C. vercme克服；D. stand忍受。根据下文“I didn’t want him t feel ashamed abut his 13 prblems” 可知，邹红艳不希望丁丁因为身体问题感到羞愧，所以此处表示她坚持要求儿子克服残疾障碍。故选C项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，丁丁的手部运动不协调，用起筷子来非常困难。A. bdy身体；B. hand手；C. arm胳膊；D. ft脚。根据下文“fund it difficult t use chpsticks”可知，丁丁使用筷子很困难，结合常识可知丁丁的手部运动不协调。故选B项。
31．考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管很多亲戚说这种情况完全可以理解，但是邹仍然坚持训练儿子握筷。A. If如果；B. Unless除非；C. Until直到；D. While尽管。结合句意和语境，空处应用while引导让步状语从句。故选D项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然很多亲戚说这种情况完全可以理解，但是邹仍然坚持训练儿子握筷。A. requiring要求；B. reminding提醒；C. assisting协助；D. training训练。根据上文“___9____ many relatives said it was perfectly understandable”可知，虽然很多亲戚说可以理解，但是邹红艳仍然希望丁丁学会用筷子，坚持训练儿子握筷。故选D项。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不想他因为身体疾病感到羞愧。A. ptential潜在的；可能的；B. physical身体的；C. urgent紧急的；D. private私人的。根据上文“terrible birth cmplicatins (并发症) left him disabled fr life”和“fund it difficult t use chpsticks”可知，此处表示因为身体疾病感到羞愧。故选B项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以想象，这位辛勤工作的母亲对儿子的不可思议的进步是多么的自豪，丁丁对他最伟大的支持者是多么的感激。A. imagine想象；B. witness见证；C. discver发现；D. admit承认。根据上文“Ding graduated with a bachelr’s degree frm Peking University in 2011.”和下文“hw prud this hard-wrking mm is fr her sn’s incredible prgress”可知，儿子学业有成，母亲因为儿子的不可思议的进步会非常骄傲是不难想象的。故选A项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. fllwer追随者；B. partner伙伴；C. supprter支持者；D. supplier供应商。根据上文“Zu, hwever, rejected their claims, divrced her child’s father, and made it her life 4 t treat and supprt her baby by.”以及邹红艳为了丁丁所做的一切可知，她是儿子最伟大的支持者。故选C。
36．their 37．knwn 38．cuntries 39．which 40．is celebrated 41．falls 42．Interestingly 43．t 44．the 45．pwerful
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了世界各地庆祝秋天的不同活动。
36．考查代词。句意：世界各国都有自己独特的庆祝秋天的方式。空处需用形容词性物主代词修饰空后名词短语wn special ways。故填their。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：中秋节，又称月亮节，是世界上最大、最广泛庆祝的丰收节日之一，包括中国、马来西亚和菲律宾在内的许多亚洲国家的人们都在这一天庆祝节日。本句已有be动词is，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语；与主语The Mid-Autumn Festival为逻辑上的动宾关系，因此使用过去分词作定语。故填knwn。
38．考查名词复数。句意：中秋节，又称月亮节，是世界上最大、最广泛庆祝的丰收节日之一，包括中国、马来西亚和菲律宾在内的许多亚洲国家的人们都在这一天庆祝节日。由空前的many判断使用名词的复数形式。故填cuntries。
39．考查定语从句。句意：它在中国农历八月十五日举行，通常是在九月。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词为it（指代中秋节），所以空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
40．考查时态和语态。句意：这个节日作为一个公共假日来庆祝，学校和办公室都关门，这样家庭就可以聚在一起感谢丰收和满月。分析句子结构可知句子缺少谓语，且The festival 与celebrate 为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态，且全文为一般现在时，所以空处需用一般现在时的被动语态：be dne，主语是单数the festival，所以be动词需用is。故填is celebrated。
41．考查谓语动词。句意：世界上最大的民间节日从9月开始，持续约两周，以传统的巴伐利亚食物、音乐、服装为特色，最重要的是，还有大量的啤酒!分析句子结构，可知句子缺少谓语，时态为一般现在时，描述一个客观的事实，主语The wrld's largest flk festival 为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填falls。
42．考查副词。句意：有趣的是，许多其他国家也喜欢在秋天寻找季节性的款待。此处修饰后面的句子，用副词形式，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Interestingly。
43．考查介词。句意：例如，在法国，采摘蘑菇的季节从8月中旬持续到9月中旬，成千上万的人前往森林参加采摘。分析句子结构可知，此处考查 为固定搭配。故填t。
44．考查冠词。句意：德国人也热衷于充分利用这个季节的天气，他们一边放风筝，一边欣赏变幻的风景和强劲的风。固定短语make the mst fr 意为“充分利用”。故填the。
45．查形容词。句意：德国人也热衷于充分利用这个季节的天气，他们一边放风筝，一边欣赏变幻的风景和强劲的风。修饰后面的名词winds, 应用形容词形式，故填pwerful。
46．Dear Lucy,
Hw are Yur ging these days? I heard that Yur have truble getting alng with Yurr parents. I can frfer sme useful suggestins based n my wn experience.
First, Yur shuld understand Yurr parents because they are busy with their wrk every day. Talk with Yurr parents when it is cnvenient. Secnd, Yur need t d sme activities tgether with Yurr parents. This will make the relatinship clser. Third,
②由第二段首句内容“我给你的两滴油在哪儿?”智者问。”可知，第二段可描写智者告诉年轻人幸福的真谛。
2. 续写线索
放弃——欣赏——返回——智者给予建议
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①注意到：pay attentin t/ntice/watch fr
②意识到：realise/be aware fr/be cnscius fr
③返回：return t/ g back
情绪类
①放松：at ease/in a relaxed state
②令人惊叹的：breathtaking /amazing/exciting
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Lking dwn at the spn, the Yurng man realised that he had spilled the il. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]
Well, this is the nly advice that I will give Yur,（运用了that引导的定语从句）