解析：上海师范大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）-A4

这是一份解析：上海师范大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）-A4，共24页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
I. Listening Cmprehensin 25%
Sectin A 10%
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. A. She desn’t wrk hard in maths. B. She is inferir t him in maths.
C. She didn’t d well in this test. D. She is gd at maths.
2. A. The library will be clsed later this afternn.
B. The cmputers in the library are nt wrking.
C. The man needs his cmputer all afternn.
D. The wman has lent her cmputer t smebdy else.
3. A. Ging t the pera is time-cnsuming.
B. There is n time left t bk pera tickets.
C. She wuld like t g with the man t the pera.
D. She will help the man pay fr the pera tickets.
4. A. Wrth the price. B. Expensive. C. Mysterius. D. Gd fr health.
5. A. 11 a.m. B. 12p.m.
6. A. The wman will have t call her rmmate.
B. The wman may have t change her living arrangement.
C. The wman des nt clean her apartment ften enugh.
D. The wman shuld nt spend s much time n the phne.
7. A. She als thinks the lecture interesting.
B. She was t tired t enjy the lecture.
C. She missed the lecture this mrning.
D. She did nt finish the reading befre the lecture.
8. A. Her wrk experience. B. The curses she has taken.
C. Her knwledge f the graduate schl. D. The descriptin f her academic perfrmance.
9. A. The wman just had her cat cleaned.
B. The wman is nt angry with the man.
C. The wman des nt like t drink cffee in the afternn.
D. It was nt the wman’s cat that the man spilled cffee n.
10. A. She hpes t get int art schl. B. She is wrking as a cmmercial artist.
C. She has talents ther than drawing. D. She cannt decide upn a career.
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the passages and the cnversatin. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11. A. Kids threw litter everywhere. B. The camp directr gave rude rders.
C. Mysterius plastic litter was fund. D. Kids’ jint effrt led t a clean camp.
12. A. By taking pictures f the litter he picked up.
B. By sharing phts f the terribly dirty planet.
C. By keeping a recrd f crwdsurced cleaning-up.
D. By inspiring kids t pick up five pieces f litter every day.
13. A. There is strength in numbers. B. Birds can help t pick up litter.
C. Litter is artistic and apprachable. D. Mre straws shuld be used in the cafe.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14. A. Alchl and cffee. B. Cffee and chicken.
C. Htpt and drinks. D. Chicken and meat.
15. A. Mvies are available t peple in Shanghai at midnight.
B. Peple in Hangzhu attach great imprtance t dinner.
C. A ttal f nine nline platfrms prvided data fr the reprt.
D. Peple in Beijing vted Starbucks as their favrite drink.
16. A. Peple’s eating habits in different regins f China.
B. The impact f mbile payment n Chinese lifestyles.
C. The differences in nightlife amng residents in Chinese cities.
D. The financial pressure residents felt frm the nightlife activities.
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17. A. He hasn’t fund a jb yet.
B. He plans t start lking after the final exams.
C. He’s had several interviews.
D. He’s expecting an ffer frm The New Yrk Times.
18. A. Writer. B. Interviewer. C. Newspaper reprter. D. Teacher.
19. A. New Yrk. B. Bstn. C. Chicag. D. Ls Angeles.
20. A. Cntinue his educatin. B. Delay his graduatin.
C. Change his career plan. D. Cntinue jb hunting.
I. Grammar and Vcabulary20%
Sectin A 10%
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Emtinal Debt
Many peple tday live under the weight f debt frm lans r credit cards. As harmful as financial debt is, there is ___1___ frm f debt that is even mre damaging — emtinal debt.
Dr. James Richards states that emtinal debt ccurs when we experience emtinal pain ___2___ remains unreslved. If the pain is nt dealt with, it will affect ur entire lives. Thrughut the years, we have chances fr happiness, lve and success. But unreslved pain can emerge and cause us t respnd in ways that aren’t reasnable, ___3___ (result) in destryed relatinships and lst pprtunities.
When we have a tendency ___4___ (respnd) inapprpriately, we ften hurt thse arund us. Unfrtunately, ur unsettled prblems smetimes becme t much fr them t handle and cause them t abandn the relatinship.
Peple with destructive patterns ___5___ check their lives fr signs f unreslved pain, fr yur emtinal debt can cme frm varius frms f past unfair, cruel r vilent treatment r neglect. The fact is ___6___ yu are prbably hlding nt painful memries f cntrlling parents r very demanding teachers. Any negative emtin that yu have cntrlled ver the year can cme back t cause harm ___7___ yu least expect it.
Recgnize yur feelings, but dn’t fcus n them all the time, because acknwledging and challenging yur pain is difficult, but recgnizing it is the first step ___8___ dealing with it. Admit yu are angry abut the past, and discuss it with smene yu trust, r write it dwn because this will ease sme f the danger and hatred yu ___9___ (keep) bttled up fr years. Refuse t be a victim and accept respnsibility fr dealing with yur painful past because this puts yu in charge and limits the pwer yur emtins have ver yu.
Take specific steps t reslve yur emtinal debt nw ____10____ deal with the cnsequences later.
【答案】1. anther
2 that##which
3. resulting
4. t respnd
5. shuld 6. that
7. when 8. tward
9. have kept
10. rather than
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要对情感债务进行了说明，并对如何处理这个问题提出了建议。
【1题详解】
考查代词。句意：尽管财务债务的危害已经很大，但还有一种债务的危害甚至更大，那就是情感债务。此处需要一个限定词来修饰“frm f debt”，表示“另一种形式的债务”。根据句意，应该选择“anther”，表示“另一个，另一种”。故填anther。
【2题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：詹姆斯·理查兹博士指出，当我们经历尚未解决的情感痛苦时，就会产生情感债务。空处引导定语从句，先行词emtinal pain，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
【3题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，未解决的痛苦会浮现出来，导致我们以不合理的方式回应，从而破坏人际关系并错失机会。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，result和前面的句子为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填resulting。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们有做出不当回应的倾向时，往往会伤害到周围的人。修饰名词tendency，需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填t respnd。
【5题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：有破坏性行为模式的人应该审视自己的生活，寻找未解决痛苦的迹象，因为你的情感债务可能源自过去各种形式的不公平、残忍或暴力对待，或是忽视。根据句意可知，此处是在建议或要求他们这样做，应用情态动词shuld。故填shuld。
【6题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：事实是，你可能一直紧抓着对控制欲强的父母或要求严苛的老师的痛苦记忆不放。空处引导表语从句，且从句结构和意义完整，所以可以用连接词that引导。故填that。
【7题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：多年来，你一直压抑的任何负面情绪都可能在你最意想不到的时候卷土重来，造成伤害。此句需要一个连接词来引导时间状语从句，表示“在你最意想不到的时候”，此处应用when引导时间状语从句。故填when。
【8题详解】
考查介词。句意：要认识自己的感受，但不要一直沉浸其中，因为承认并挑战自己的痛苦是困难的，但认识它是处理它的第一步。固定短语“the first step tward ding sth.”，表示“做某事的第一步”。故填tward。
【9题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：承认你对过去感到愤怒，并与你信任的人讨论，或者写下来，因为这样做会缓解你多年来一直压抑的危险情绪和仇恨。根据句意“这将缓解你多年来一直压抑的危险和仇恨”可知，此处是在描述过去发生的事情对现在的影响，所以用现在完成时，主语是yu，所以助动词用have。故填have kept。
【10题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：现在就采取具体行动来解决你的情感债务，而不是以后再去应对其后果。reslve yur emtinal debt nw和deal with the cnsequences later为转折关系，需用rather than，表示“而不是”来连接。故填rather than。
Sectin B 10%
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Zheng Secures Histric Tennis Gld fr China
China’s wmen’s ace Zheng Oinwen has etched her name in tennis histry after winning the cuntry’s first singles Olympic gld medal in Paris n Saturday, ____11____ her meteric career rise with anther majr acclade (荣誉).
China’s wrld N. 7 Zheng was the sixth ____12____ in the 64-draw Olympic turnament. She lived up t her favrite status in the final against Dnna Vekic f Cratia at the Rland Garrs Stadium, breaking her 21st-ranked ____13____ fur times while cnceding nly ne f her service games t prevail 6-2, 6-3 at the icnic site f the red clay Grand Slam t win the gld medal.
It was nly China’s secnd Olympic gld medal in tennis, fllwing a wmen’s dubles title wn by Li Ting and Sun Tiantian at Athens 2004, and the first in singles.
After ____14____ the win with a frehand winner dwn the line, Zheng lay dwn n her back t rusing cheers acrss the Curt Philippe-Chatrier, saking up the ____15____ mment fr her wn career and fr the sprt’s prfile in China.
It was the secnd Olympic tennis medal wn by the Chinese delegatin in Paris, after mixed dubles pair Zhang Zhizhen and Wang Xinyu ____16____ a silver medal in Friday’s final, which was wn by Czech team Katerina Siniakva and Tmas Machac at the same ____17____.
“Nthing can describe my feeling right nw, it’s unreal. I’ve always been hping t get a medal fr China. Finally I _____18_____ it.” an emtinal Zheng said during the n-curt interview.
“I did everything I culd. I think my cuntry will be prud f me, I feel prud f myself. The success is fr all my team members, my families and whever supprted me, nt just fr me.
I just fught every single match. There were tw matches that I almst lst n my way t the final, especially 0-4 dwn in the secnd set against Iga (Swiatek) in the semis. I feel the energy f all the supprt, knwing that I play fr my cuntry. I just never gave up and tried t find every single slutin,” Zheng said f her ____19____ path t success.
And fr the celebratin? The 21-year-ld native f Hubei prvince just wants t jin her family and enjy sme hme _______20_______.
“I haven’t thught abut it yet. Fr sure t eat sme Chinese fd, after having eaten chicken and rice every day here, nthing much f flavr,” she said with a grin.
【答案】11. E 12. H
13. G 14. C
15. I 16. A
17. K 18. F
19. J 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了郑钦文为中国斩获网球历史金牌。
【11题详解】
考查动词。句意：周六，中国女子网球名将郑钦文在巴黎夺得中国首枚女子单打奥运金牌，将自己的名字镌刻在网球历史之上，为其飞速发展的职业生涯再添殊荣。根据句意“迅速发展”可知，此处为动词fuel，空白处在句子中作状语，表示一个自然而然的结果，使用现在分词fueling。故选E。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：世界排名第七的中国选手郑钦文是64签奥运网球赛的第六号种子选手。根据句意“种子选手”可知，空处需填名词seed，作表语。故选H。
【13题详解】
考查名词。句意：在罗兰·加洛斯体育场(Rland Garrs Stadium)举行的决赛中，她不负众望，以6-2、6-3的比分击败了克罗地亚选手唐娜·维基奇(Dnna Vekic)，夺得金牌。在这场红土大满贯标志性地点的比赛中，她四次破发排名第21位的对手，而自己仅在发球局失掉一分。根据句意“对手”可知，此处为名词ppnent，作宾语，使用名词，根据“21st-ranked(排名第21的)”可知，空白处填名词单数形式。故选G。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：在以一记直线正手制胜球赢得比赛后，郑钦文躺在场地上，听着菲利普·夏蒂埃球场(Curt Philippe-Chatrier)内此起彼伏的欢呼声，沉浸在自己职业生涯中的这一历史时刻，也沉浸在中国网球界的高光时刻。根据句意“（经过努力）获得，取得，实现”可知，此处为动词secure，位于介词after之后，需用动名词securing，作宾语。故选C。
【15题详解】
考查形容词。句意：同上。根据句意“具有历史意义的”可知，此处为形容词histric，作定语。故选I。
【16题详解】
考查动词。句意：在周五的决赛中，张之臻/王欣瑜组合摘得银牌，为中国代表团赢得本届奥运会在巴黎的第二枚网球奖牌。捷克组合卡特琳娜·西尼亚科娃/托马斯·马哈奇在同一场地摘得金牌。根据句意“获得”可知，此处为动词claim，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时。故选A。
【17题详解】
考查名词。句意：同上。根据句意“场馆”可知，此处为名词venue，作宾语，根据“the same(相同的)”可知空白处填名词单数。故选K。
【18题详解】
考查动词。句意：“没有什么语言可以形容我现在的感受，太不真实了。我一直希望能为中国拿到一枚奖牌。我做到了。”郑钦文在赛后采访中含泪表示。根据句意“做到”可知，此处为动词make，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时。故选F。
【19题详解】
考查形容词。句意：“在我通往决赛的路上，有两场比赛我几乎要输掉，尤其是在半决赛第二盘0-4落后于伊加（斯维亚特克）的时候。我感受到大家支持的力量，我知道我是在为祖国而战。所以我从未放弃，努力寻找每一个解决办法，”郑钦文在谈到自己艰难的夺冠之路时说道。根据句意“艰难的”可知，此处为形容词tugh，作定语。故选J。
【20题详解】
考查名词。句意：至于庆祝，这位21岁的湖北姑娘只想和家人在一起，享受家乡美食。根据句意“美食”可知，此处为名词cuisine，作宾语。故选B。
III. Reading Cmprehensin (45%)
Sectin A 15%
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
As newbrns, we enter the wrld by inhaling. In leaving, we exhale. (In fact, in many languages the wrd “exhale” is synnymus with “___21___.”) Breathing is s central t life that it is n wnder humankind lng ag nted its value nt nly t survival but t the___22___f the bdy and mind and began cntrlling it t imprve well-being.
As early as the first millennium B.C., bth the Ta religin f China and Hinduism placed imprtance n a “vital principle” that flws thrugh the bdy, a kind f energy r internal breath. The Chinese call this energy qi, and Hindus call it prana (ne f the key cncepts f yga). A little later, in the West, the Greek term pheuma and the Hebrew term ruah bth___23___the breath and the divine presence.
___24___fr hw t mdulate(调节) breathing and influence health and mind appeared centuries ag as well. Pranayama(“breath retentin”) yga was the first t build a thery arund respiratry(呼吸的) cntrl, hlding that ___25___breathing was a way t increase lngevity.
In mre mdern times, German psychiatrist Jhannes Heinrich Schultz develped “autgenic training” in the 1920s as a methd f ___26___. The apprach is partly___27___slw and deep breathing and is prbably still the best-knwn breathing technique fr relaxatin in the West tday.
Yga and meditatin have inspired many f the breathing exercises used tday. The___28___f cntrlled respiratin were first theretically suggested centuries ag by the practitiners f pranayama yga.
What is the best time t ___29___slw-breathing techniques? One is during ccasinal episdes f____30____—fr example, befre taking an exam, cmpeting in a sprting event r even attending a rutine meeting at wrk. These exercises may als help when insmnia strikes. In 2012 Suzanne M. Bertisch f Harvard Medical Schl and her clleagues reprted, based n survey data, that mre than 20 percent f American insmniacs d these breathing exercises t have a____31____sleep.
But respiratry techniques d nt wrk nly fr acute stresses r sleep prblems; they can als relieve chrnic anxiety. They are particularly____32____in peple with psychiatric disrders such as phbias(恐惧症), depressin and pst-traumatic stress disrder(创伤后压力). In 2015 Stefania Dria and her clleagues at Fatebenefratellie Oftalmic Hspital in Milan, Italy, ffered 10 training sessins t 69 patients with anxiety r depressive disrders. The researchers bserved a significant ____33____in symptms at the end f the sessins.
But why cnfine breathing techniques t____34____emtins? It is als wrth applying them during pleasurable mments, t take the time t appreciate and remember them. In shrt, ne can pause and breathe fr____35____as well as t calm dwn.
21. A. changingB. recveringC. dyingD. destrying
22. A. strengtheningB. maintainingC. buildingD. functining
23. A. dealt withB. referred tC. led tD. cnsisted f
24. A. PliciesB. RecmmendatinsC. CluesD. Habits
25. A. labredB. slwedC. deepenedD. cntrlled
26. A. relaxatinB. develpmentC. illustratinD. cmmunicatin
27. A. based nB. intended frC. adapted tD. cmpared with
28. A. difficultiesB. perfrmancesC. benefitsD. harms
29. A. imprveB. masterC. applyD. pineer
30. A. thrillB. stressC. excitementD. calm
31. A. restlessB. dreamyC. lightD. prfund
32. A. sensitiveB. pwerfulC. effectiveD. safe
33. A. decreaseB. discveryC. differenceD. develpment
34. A. diverseB. delicateC. persnalD. negative
35. A. anxietyB. enjymentC. fearD. relief
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了呼吸的重要性和调节呼吸对健康及心态的影响，介绍了从古至今的呼吸控制理论、技巧及其在不同情境下的应用。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为新生儿，我们通过吸气来到这个世界。在离世时，我们呼气。（事实上，在许多语言中，“呼气”一词与“死亡”是同义词。）A. changing改变；B. recvering恢复；C. dying死亡；D. destrying破坏。根据上文“In leaving, we exhale.”可知，我们离世的时候会呼气。由此可推测，在许多语言中，呼气和死亡是同义词。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：呼吸对生命至关重要，难怪人类很久以前就注意到了它不仅对生存至关重要，而且对身心功能的运作也至关重要，并开始控制呼吸以改善健康状况。A. strengthening加强；B. maintaining维持；C. building建立；D. functining运作。根据下文“began cntrlling it t imprve well-being”可知，空处指的是对身心功能的运作很重要，所以要学会控制呼吸以改善健康。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：稍后，在西方，希腊语中的“pheuma”和希伯来语中的“ruah”都指的是呼吸和神的存在。A. dealt with处理；B. referred t提及、指的是；C. led t导致；D. cnsisted f由……组成。根据空前“the Greek term pheuma and the Hebrew term ruah”以及空后“the breath and the divine presence”可知，空后是对主语的解释。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：关于如何调节呼吸以及影响健康和心态的建议也早在几个世纪前就出现了。A. Plicies政策；B. Recmmendatins建议、推荐；C. Clues线索；D. Habits习惯。根据下文“Pranayama(“breath retentin”) yga was the first t build a thery arund respiratry(呼吸的) cntrl, hlding that ___5___breathing was a way t increase lngevity.”可知，下文是如何调节呼吸的一些建议。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：普拉纳雅玛（“屏息”）瑜伽是第一个围绕呼吸控制建立理论的，认为控制呼吸是延长寿命的一种方式。A. labred费力做、致力于；B. slwed减慢；C. deepened加深；D. cntrlled控制。根据上文“Pranayama(“breath retentin”) yga was the first t build a thery arund respiratry(呼吸的) cntrl”可知，该理论是围绕呼吸控制的，由此可知，空处指的是控制呼吸可延长寿命。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在近现代，德国精神病学家约翰内斯·海因里希·舒尔茨在20世纪20年代开发了“自生训练”作为一种放松方法。A. relaxatin放松；B. develpment发展；C. illustratin说明；D. cmmunicatin交流。根据下文“The apprach is partly___7___slw and deep breathing and is prbably still the best-knwn breathing technique fr relaxatin in the West tday.”可知，这种方法是用来放松自我的。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：这种方法部分基于缓慢而深长的呼吸，可能是当今西方最著名的放松呼吸技巧。A. based n以……为基础、基于；B. intended fr为了；C. adapted t适应；D. cmpared with与……相比。根据空前主语“the apprach”以及空后“slw and deep breathing”可知，该方法以缓慢而深长的呼吸为基础。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：控制呼吸的好处早在几个世纪前就被普拉纳雅玛瑜伽的修行者从理论上提出来了。A. difficulties困难；B. perfrmances表演、表现；C. benefits好处、益处；D. harms伤害。根据上文“Yga and meditatin have inspired many f the breathing exercises used tday.”可知，本段讲述的是控制呼吸的好处。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：什么时候最适合应用慢呼吸技巧呢？A. imprve提高、改善；B. master掌握；C. apply应用、使用；D. pineer开辟、开创。根据下文“One is during ccasinal episdes f___10___—fr example, befre taking an exam, cmpeting in a sprting event r even attending a rutine meeting at wrk.”可知，空处指的是什么时候我们应该运用慢呼吸技巧。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一是在偶尔出现压力的时候——例如，在考试前、参加体育比赛时，甚至是参加日常工作会议时。A. thrill激动；B. stress压力；C. excitement兴奋；D. calm平静。根据下文“fr example, befre taking an exam, cmpeting in a sprting event r even attending a rutine meeting at wrk”以及常理可知，这些都是压力大的时候。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2012年，哈佛医学院的苏珊娜·M·伯提施及其同事根据调查数据报告称，超过20%的美国失眠症患者会做这些呼吸练习来获得深度睡眠。A. restless不安的；B. dreamy梦幻的；C. light明亮的、轻松的；D. prfund深奥的、深度的。根据上文“These exercises may als help when insmnia strikes.”可知，呼吸练习有益于解决失眠问题。由此可推测，超过20%的美国失眠症患者会做这些呼吸练习来获得深度睡眠。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于有恐惧症、抑郁症和创伤后应激障碍等精神疾病人来说，它们尤其有效。A. sensitive敏感的；B. pwerful强大的；C. effective有效的；D. safe安全的。根据上文“But respiratry techniques d nt wrk nly fr acute stresses r sleep prblems; they can als relieve chrnic anxiety.”可知，呼吸训练对于解决焦虑问题有帮助。由此可知，这个方法对于有恐惧症、抑郁症和创伤后应激障碍等精神疾病的人来说，尤其有效。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员观察到，在课程结束时，患者的症状明显减轻。A. decrease减少；B. discvery发现；C. difference差异；D. develpment发展。根据上文“But respiratry techniques d nt wrk nly fr acute stresses r sleep prblems; they can als relieve chrnic anxiety.”可知，呼吸训练会缓解焦虑。由此可知，当课程结束时，患者的症状减轻了。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但为什么要将呼吸技巧局限于负面情绪呢？A. diverse多样的；B. delicate精致的；C. persnal个人的；D. negative负面的、消极的。根据上文“But respiratry techniques d nt wrk nly fr acute stresses r sleep prblems; they can als relieve chrnic anxiety.”等可知，上文提到的都是一些负面的情绪。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：简而言之，人们可以停下来呼吸，既是为了享受，也是为了平静下来。A. anxiety焦虑；B. enjyment享受；C. fear恐惧；D. relief解脱、缓解。根据上文“It is als wrth applying them during pleasurable mments, t take the time t appreciate and remember them.”可知，呼吸训练还可以让我们享受当下。故选B。
Sectin B 22%
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
A
It’s nrmal fr yung children t cheat when they’re playing bard games. As they grw lder, they realize that the fun is actually in taking part in the game, nt necessarily in winning it. By the time they reach their teens, they have usually learned nt t cheat. Sadly, this was nt the case fr a player in a natinal bard game champinship held annually in the US. The player wanted t win s much that he turned t cheating.
The bard game was Scrabble. In the game, players have t make wrds frm individual letters n small squares called “tiles,” and then put the wrds n a bard. Tw f the mst useful tiles in the game are the blanks, which are tiles withut any letters n them. A blank isn’t wrth any pints, but a player can use it t replace any letter f the alphabet.
The cheater in this particular cmpetitin was a 15-year-ld by frm Orland, Flrida. He had surprised rganizers in the early stages f the cmpetitin by beating sme f the best players, despite the fact that he had never played in cmpetitins befre. This made sme f the ther players suspicius, including the man wh caught him, 43-year-ld Arthur Mre. Mre had already played the by the day befre, and Mre had wn the game, althugh the by had had bth f the blank tiles. In Scrabble, befre a new game starts, the players put the tiles frm the previus game back int a small bag. This time, Mre had a gd lk at the tiles n the table befre he and his ppnent put them in the bag t start the game. He was nt surprised t see that the tw blanks were tgether n the table in frnt f the by. As the tw players were putting the tiles int the bag. Mre watched the by’s left hand. He saw the by pick up the tw blanks, and put his hand under the table. This was the signal fr Mre t call ne f the rganizers and accuse the by f cheating.
When the by was taken away fr questining, he admitted t taking the tw blanks during the game and hiding them under the table. As a result f his cheating, the cmpetitin directr disqualified him and banned him frm playing in the cmpetitin again.
36. Accrding t the passage, why d yung children cheat in bard games?
A. They are eager t win.B. They dislike the games.
C. They dn’t knw what cheating is.D. They dn’t want t take part in the games.
37. Why are the tw blank tiles mst useful in Scrabble?
A. They are the mst bvius tiles in the game.
B. Players can decide hw many pints they are wrth.
C. Players earn mre pints if they leave the tiles unused.
D. They can be used when players dn’t have the right letter.
38. The wrd “suspicius” (in paragraph 3) mst prbably means “________”.
A. supprtiveB. disappintedC. mistrustfulD. hnured
39. Hw did the by cheat?
A. By putting the tiles int his wn bag.B. By hiding the blank tiles fr future use.
C. By cperating with his ppnent secretly.D. By lying that he had never played the game.
【答案】36 A 37. D 38. C 39. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在美国每年举办的一项全国棋盘游戏锦标赛中，一个男孩在比赛中作弊的事件。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It’s nrmal fr yung children t cheat when they’re playing bard games. As they grw lder, they realize that the fun is actually in taking part in the game, nt necessarily in winning it.(小孩子在玩棋盘游戏时作弊是很正常的现象。随着他们年龄的增长，他们会意识到，游戏的乐趣其实在于参与过程，而不一定在于获胜。)”可知，小孩子作弊的原因可能是因为他们渴望获胜。故选A。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“A blank isn’t wrth any pints, but a player can use it t replace any letter f the alphabet.(空白块本身没有分数，但玩家可以用它来代替字母表中的任何字母。)”可知，在《拼字游戏》中，当玩家没有正确的字母来完成一个单词时，空白块可以用来代替任何字母，因此它们是最有用的。故选D。
【38题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“This made sme f the ther players suspicius,(这让其他选手产生了……。)”可推测，这让其他选手产生了某种情绪。再根据下文“including the man wh caught him, 43-year-ld Arthur Mre.(包括发现他作弊的43岁Arthur Mre在内)”可推测，Arthur Mre抓住他作弊，由此可知，其他选手产生了怀疑。由此可知，划线单词和“怀疑的”意思相似。选项A“supprtive(支持的)”；选项B“disappinted(失望的)”；选项C“mistrustful(不信任的)”；选项D“hnured(荣幸的)”。故选C。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“He saw the by pick up the tw blanks, and put his hand under the table. This was the signal fr Mre t call ne f the rganizers and accuse the by f cheating.(他看见男孩拿起了两个空白块，并把手放在了桌子下面。这就是摩尔叫来一位组织者，指责男孩作弊。)”以及第四段“When the by was taken away fr questining, he admitted t taking the tw blanks during the game and hiding them under the table. As a result f his cheating, the cmpetitin directr disqualified him and banned him frm playing in the cmpetitin again.(当男孩被带走问话时，他承认在游戏过程中拿走了两个空白块，并将它们藏在了桌子下面。由于作弊，比赛主管取消了他的参赛资格，并禁止他再次参加这项比赛。)”可知，男孩的作弊方式是把空白块藏起来以备后用。故选B。
B
“Essential ils can have a majr impact n yur md and health. When yu apply an il t yur skin, it affects yur physical state. When yu inhale them, it affects yur mental state,” says the “grande dame” f armatherapy Jeanne Rse, authr f The Armatherapy Bk: Applicatins and Inhalatins.
A few drps f eucalyptus n yur skin will help heal a burn and smelling a pine tree might make yu think f childhd Christmases. There are n rules fr hw t inhale ils. Yu can put a few drps n a tissue, r add sme t water t spritz arund the rm r use in a diffuser(喷雾器)r vaprizer.
Be very careful, hwever, when applying ils t the skin. Always dilute them in anther il, like palm, ccnut r live t prevent burns r allergic reactins.
“A rule f thumb is 15 drps per ne unce f cream, il r ltin,”says Sylla Sheppard-Hanger, the funder and directr f Atlantic institute f Armatherapy in Tampa, Flrida.
40. What kind f readers is likely t buy The Armatherapy Bk: Applicatins and Inhalatins?
A. Gardeners wh prvides raw materials fr manufacturers f essential ils.
B. Researchers dedicated t inventing new essential ils t keep peple in gd health.
C. Cmmn peple hping t imprve health cnditin with essential ils.
D. Psychtherapist seeking treatments fr serius mental and physical disrders.
41. What is the apprpriate way f using essential ils?
A. Spritz the il directly arund a rm.
B. Mix them with cream in prprtin.
C. Smell the fragrance frm the bttle.
D. Apply ils t treat skin allergy.
42. The ils that can relieve yur symptm f bad cld are ________.
A. peppermint ilsB. cnifer ils
C. citrus ilsD. spruce ils
【答案】40. C 41. B 42. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了精油能够改善人们的健康状况并提供了使用指南。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的““Essential ils can have a majr impact n yur md and health. When yu apply an il t yur skin, it affects yur physical state. When yu inhale them, it affects yur mental state,” says the “grande dame” f armatherapy Jeanne Rse, authr f The Armatherapy Bk: Applicatins and Inhalatins. （芳香疗法的“贵妇人”珍妮·罗斯说，“精油会对你的情绪和健康产生重大影响。当你在皮肤上涂油时，它会影响你的身体状态”。当你吸入它们时，它会影响你的精神状态。她是《芳香疗法书籍：应用和吸入》的作者。） ”可知，珍妮·罗斯的书是服务于希望用精油改善健康状况的普通人的。故选C。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的““A rule f thumb is 15 drps per ne unce f cream, il r ltin,” says Sylla Sheppard-Hanger, the funder and directr f Atlantic institute f Armatherapy in Tampa, Flrida.（佛罗里达州坦帕市大西洋芳香疗法研究所的创始人兼主任西拉·谢帕德·汉格表示：“经验法则是每盎司奶油、油或护肤液加入15滴精油”。） ”可知，使用精油的合适方法是将它们与奶油按比例混合。故选B。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据框中的最后一段中的“Decngest a nse: Eucalyptus, spruce r rsemary wrk fr this. Try inhaling a few drps n a tissue t help with clgged nasal passages.（净化鼻子：桉树油、云杉油或迷迭香都可以。试着用纸巾吸几滴以帮助清理堵塞的鼻腔。）”可知，选项中可以缓解你重感冒症状的是云杉油。故选D。
C
Many early appraches t language technlgy—and particularly translatin—gt stuck in a cnceptual dead end: the rules-based apprach. In translatin, this meant trying t write rules t analyze the text f a sentence in the language f rigin, breaking it dwn int a srt f abstract “interlanguage” and rebuilding it accrding t the rules f the target language. These appraches shwed early prmise. But language is full f ambiguities (歧义) and exceptins, s such systems were hugely cmplicated and easily brke dwn when tested n sentences beynd the simple set they had been designed fr.
Nearly all language technlgies began t get a lt better with the applicatin f statistical methds, ften called a “brute frce” apprach. This relies n sftware scanning vast amunts f data, lking fr patterns and learning frm precedent. Fr example, in parsing language (breaking it dwn int its grammatical cmpnents), the sftware learns frm large bdies f text that have already been parsed by humans. It uses what it has learned t make its best guess abut a previusly unseen text. In machine translatin, the sftware scans millins f wrds already translated by humans, again lking fr patterns. In speech recgnitin, the sftware learns frm a bdy f recrdings and the transcriptins made by humans.
Thanks t the grwing pwer f prcessrs, falling prices fr data strage and, mst crucially, the explsin in available data, this apprach eventually bre fruit. Mathematical techniques that had been knwn fr decades came int their wn, and big cmpanies with access t enrmus amunts f data were ready t benefit.
The final advance, which began nly abut five years ag, came with the arrival f deep learning thrugh digital neural netwrks (DNNs). These are ften claimed t have qualities similar t thse f the human brain: “neurns” are cnnected in sftware, and cnnectins can becme strnger r weaker in the prcess f learning. But Nils Lenke, head f research fr a language technlgy cmpany, explains matter-f-factly that “DNNs are just anther kind f mathematical mdel,” the basis f which had been well understd fr decades. What changed was the hardware being used.
Almst by chance, DNN researchers discvered that the graphical prcessing units (GPUs) used t prduce graphics in applicatins like vide games were als brilliant at handling neural netwrks. The technique has already prduced big leaps in quality fr all kinds f deep learning, including decding handwriting, recgnizing faces and classifying images. Nw they are helping t imprve all manner f language technlgies, ften bringing enhancements f up t 30%. That has shifted language technlgy frm usable at a pinch t really rather gd. But s far n ne has quite wrked ut what will mve it n frm merely gd t reliably great.
43. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is a prblem f the rules-based apprach?
A. Rules are difficult t identify in sme languages.
B. It is impssible t find all the rules in a language.
C. The rules are ften misinterpreted by researchers.
D. There are always rules t abstract t understand.
44. ________ has a part t play in enabling the “brute frce” apprach t gradually bear fruit?
A. The increasing amunt f data
B. The falling prices f scanning sftware
C. The availability f recrdings and transcripts
D. The wider knwledge peple have f language
45. Which f the fllwing is Nils Lenke mst likely t agree with abut DNNs?
A. They are a big breakthrugh.B. They depend mre n hardware.
C. They are nt innvative in nature.D. They haven’t been scientifically prved.
46. What des the writer imply abut GPUs?
A. They are inferir t DNNs in their quality f deep learning.
B. They have made language technlgy reliably greater than ever.
C. They have achieved limited success regarding language technlgy.
D. They help enhance language technlgies by means f image classificatin.
【答案】43. B 44. A 45. C 46. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了语言充满了不确定性，现存的语言系统不够完美，因此所有的语言技术都开始使用数据方法，但仍然有弊端。因此也就出现了DNNs和 GPUs，但是这两种方法仍然不够完美。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Many early appraches t language technlgy—and particularly translatin—gt stuck in a cnceptual dead end: the rules-based apprach. In translatin, this meant trying t write rules t analyze the text f a sentence in the language f rigin, breaking it dwn int a srt f abstract “interlanguage” and rebuilding it accrding t the rules f the target language. These appraches shwed early prmise. But language is full f ambiguities (歧义) and exceptins, s such systems were hugely cmplicated and easily brke dwn when tested n sentences beynd the simple set they had been designed fr.(许多早期的语言技术方法，尤其是翻译，都陷入了一个概念性的死胡同：基于规则的方法。在翻译中，这意味着试图编写规则来分析原语的句子文本，将其分解成一种抽象的“中介语”，并根据目标语的规则重建它。这些方法显示出早期的希望。但是语言充满了歧义和例外，所以这样的系统非常复杂，在测试它们设计的简单集合之外的句子时很容易崩溃)”可知，语言系统存在例外，B选项“找到一种语言的所有规则是不可能的”属于基于规则的方法的问题。故选B。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“This relies n sftware scanning vast amunts f data, lking fr patterns and learning frm precedent.(这依赖于软件扫描大量数据，寻找模式并从先例中学习)”以及第三段“Thanks t the grwing pwer f prcessrs, falling prices fr data strage and, mst crucially, the explsin in available data, this apprach eventually bre fruit.(多亏了处理器不断增长的能力，以及数据储存价格的降低，更重要的是可利用数据的激增，这种方法最终有了成果)”可知，这种方法最终有成果最重要的因素是可利用数据的突然增多。故选A。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“But Nils Lenke, head f research fr a language technlgy cmpany, explains matter-f-factly that “DNNs are just anther kind f mathematical mdel,” the basis f which had been well understd fr decades. What changed was the hardware being used.(但是语言技术公司的研究主管Nils Lenke认为，DNNs只是另一种数学模式，它的原理在很多年前就已经知道了，唯一有所改变的就是硬件的使用)”可知，Nils Lenke认为，DNNs在本质上没有什么太大的变化，只有硬件的使用发生了变化而已，即它们在本质上没有创新。故选C。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“That has shifted language technlgy frm usable at a pinch t really rather gd. But s far n ne has quite wrked ut what will mve it n frm merely gd t reliably great.(这使得语言技术从紧要关头的可用性转变为真正的相当好。但到目前为止，还没有人弄清楚怎样才能让它从仅仅是好变成可靠的好)”可知，作者认为GPUs在语言技术方面有了进步，从可使用到相当不错，但是却还没达到相当可靠的地步，故它只是取得了有限的成功。故选C。
Sectin C 8%
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
The Wrld Needs Zs
Zs play an imprtant rle in the wrld fr cnservatin and educatin. They are particularly imprtant fr endangered species. Many animals are critically endangered and may g extinct in the wild, but in zs, they are ging strng. ___47___ Even thse critical f zs ften recgnize that it is better t have species preserved smewhere than lse them altgether. In fact, species that are cmmn can als cme under serius threat befre peple realize it.
Take the ring-tailed lemur f Madagascar fr example. These lemurs are almst cmmn in zs as they breed well in captivity and the public are fnd f them. ___48___ A recent survey suggests that up t 95 percent f the wild ppulatins have been lst since 2000. This means that the remaining individuals are at serius risk. One bad year r a new disease culd wipe ut thse which still remain in the wild.
Such trends are nt islated. The giraffe is anther very cmmn species in zs. Unlike the lemurs, giraffes are widespread in the cuntries acrss much f sub-Saharan Africa. Yet giraffe ppulatins have gne dwn by a third in the last thirty years. While less dramatic than the drp in lemur numbers, this is bviusly a majr lss and again, whle ppulatins(which sme scientists think are f unique subspecies) are n the verge f extinctin.
___49___ Onging and future issues frm climate change can have unexpected effects n wildlife. It will becme mre difficult fr cnservatinists t predict which species might be at risk. As it is, experts are struggling t cntinue mnitring the species that are already knwn t be vulnerable, s it is easy t see why cmmn species might be verlked. Peple might nt take the great lss f lcal species seriusly n the assumptin that these animals are heavily ppulated elsewhere, but unfrtunately that is nt always the case.
There will, I suspect, always be resistance t the argument fr keeping animals in captivity and I will nt defend the zs that are badly managed and in desperate need f imprvement r clsure. ___50___ If even cmmn species can lse their ppulatin in nly several years, it may be t late t save them in the wild.
A. This is a trend that is nly expected t cntinue.
B. But if we wish t keep any real measure f bidiversity n the planet, we may have t lean n zs far mre than many peple realize.
C. Thse species that are held in zs are already prtected frm any such events and trends.
D. Many thers are already extinct in the wild and nly survive thanks t ppulatins kept in captivity.
E. Climate change has harmed ver half mammal species n the endangered species list.
F. Hwever, despite their high numbers in cllectins arund the wrld, they are the mst threatened mammalian grup n the planet.
【答案】47. D 48. F 49. A 50. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了动物园在动物保护方面的重要性。
【47题详解】
前文“Many animals are critically endangered and may g extinct in the wild, but in zs, they are ging strng.(许多动物处于极度濒危状态，可能会在野外灭绝，但在动物园里，它们正在变得强壮。)”讲述了动物园保护濒危动物并促进其壮大，所以空处应讲述动物园对处于其他处境的动物的保护作用，D项“许多其他物种已经在野外灭绝，只能依靠圈养的种群才能幸存。”符合题意。故选D。
【48题详解】
根据前文“These lemurs are almst cmmn in zs as they breed well in captivity and the public are fnd f them.(这些狐猴在动物园里几乎很常见，因为它们在圈养条件下繁殖良好，公众也很喜欢它们。)”和后文“A recent survey suggests that up t 95 percent f the wild ppulatins have been lst since 2000. This means that the remaining individuals are at serius risk.(最近的一项调查显示，自2000年以来，高达95%的野生种群已经灭绝。这意味着剩下的种群面临着严重的风险。)”可知，前文讲述了狐猴在圈养的动物园里繁殖良好，后文讲述了大多数野生狐猴已经灭绝，狐猴面临着生存风险，由此可知，空处应与前文形成转折，并引出下文狐猴的严峻处境，F项“然而，尽管它们在世界各地的圈养群体中数量众多，但它们是地球上最受威胁的哺乳动物群体。”符合题意。故选F。
【49题详解】
第二段讲述了狐猴在动物园中繁殖众多但在野外环境中却面临灭绝危险，第三段中的“Such trends are nt islated. The giraffe is anther very cmmn species in zs.(这种趋势并非孤立存在。长颈鹿是动物园里另一个非常常见的物种。)”讲述了另一个面临类似情况的物种——长颈鹿，并指出这种趋势很普遍，再结合空后的“Onging and future issues frm climate change can have unexpected effects n wildlife. (气候变化带来的持续和未来问题可能会对野生动物产生意想不到的影响。)”可知，气候变化问题可能会加重野生动物面临的困境，由此可推测出，空处应说动物在动物园中受到良好保护但在野外却面临生存危机的趋势只会继续下去，A项“这一趋势预计只会持续下去。”符合题意。故选A。
【50题详解】
根据前文“There will, I suspect, always be resistance t the argument fr keeping animals in captivity and I will nt defend the zs that are badly managed and in desperate need f imprvement r clsure.(我怀疑，对圈养动物的支持总是会有阻力的，我不会为管理不善、急需改进或关闭的动物园辩护。)”并结合上文讲述的动物园在保护动物方面的作用以及标题“The Wrld Needs Zs”可推测出，空处与前文转折，强调动物园在保护动物方面的重要性，B项“但是，如果我们希望真正了解地球上的生物多样性，我们可能不得不比许多人意识到的更多地依赖动物园。”符合题意。故选B。
第Ⅱ卷（共25分）
IV. Summary Writing 10%
51. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize in n mre than 60 wrds the main idea f the passage and hw it is illustrated. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Are we greening ur cities, r just greenwashing them?
Architecture and urban design is chasing a green fever dream. Everywhere yu lk, there are plans fr “sustainable” buildings, futuristic ec-cities and aquapnic farms n the rf, each prmising t add a green tuch t the mdern city.
All f these are surely gd ideas at sme level. They are trying t repair sme f the damage ur lifestyle has dne t the planet. But, despite the rhetric f reuniting the city with nature, tday’s green urban dream is t ften abut bringing a technlgically cntrlled versin f nature int the city and declaring the prblem slved, rather than lking at the deeper causes f ur envirnmental and urban prblems.
One f the mst striking examples is Apple’s “spaceship” campus nw under cnstructin in Silicn Valley. Thugh it seems t be sustainable and energy efficient—80 percent f its 175-acre site is preserved fr landscaping, it is by any measure a huge, expensive and massively resurce-intensive prject. As a suburban white-cllar wrkplace, it must include vast garages fr 13,000 Apple emplyees. Thus, it will leave n smaller envirnmental ftprint than a traditinal ffice park.
Designing a perfect green building r ec-city isn’t enugh t save the wrld. Althugh ur buildings, like ur cars, have been inefficient envirnmentally, architecture isn’t directly respnsible fr humanity’s disastrus envirnmental impacts. An ecnmic system based n the destructin f nature is the real prblem. N green building can help us repair the eclgical damage we have caused, nr can any number f aquapnic farms bring us back t the real nature.
Instead f adding “nature” t the urban lifestyle, architects may wrk t design better relatinships between ur cities and nature, and t prmte just relatinships between the peple in them.
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【答案】Architects are trying t make cities greener. Their cmmn apprach is using technlgy t bring in sme nature elements. Apple’s “spaceship” campus is claimed t be ec-friendly but actually isn’t. Such prjects can’t help because architecture isn’t the real cause f envirnmental prblems. S effrts shuld be made t enable cities and their peple t c-exist with nature harmniusly.
【解析】
【导语】本文是议论文。建筑师们正努力让城市变得更环保。他们常用的方法是利用技术引入一些自然元素。苹果公司的“宇宙飞船”园区声称是环保的，但实际上并非如此。这样的项目无济于事，因为建筑并不是环境问题的真正原因。因此，应该努力使城市及其居民与自然和谐共处。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
①Architecture and urban design is chasing a green fever dream.
②But, despite the rhetric f reuniting the city with nature, tday’s green urban dream is t ften abut bringing a technlgically cntrlled versin f nature int the city and declaring the prblem slved, rather than lking at the deeper causes f ur envirnmental and urban prblems.
③One f the mst striking examples is Apple’s “spaceship” campus nw under cnstructin in Silicn Valley. Thugh it seems t be sustainable and energy efficient—80 percent f its 175-acre site is preserved fr landscaping, it is by any measure a huge, expensive and massively resurce-intensive prject.
④Designing a perfect green building r ec-city isn’t enugh t save the wrld.
⑤Instead f adding “nature” t the urban lifestyle, architects may wrk t design better relatinships between ur cities and nature, and t prmte just relatinships between the peple in them.
2. 缜密构思
将1、 2、 3、 4、 5五个要点进行整合重组。
3. 遣词造句
Architects are trying t make cities greener.
Their cmmn apprach is using technlgy t bring in sme nature elements.
Apple’s “spaceship” campus is claimed t be ec-friendly but actually isn’t.
Such prjects can’t help because architecture isn’t the real cause f envirnmental prblems.
S effrts shuld be made t enable cities and their peple t c-exist with nature harmniusly
【点睛】[高分句型1]Such prjects can’t help because architecture isn’t the real cause f envirnmental prblems.(because引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型2]S effrts shuld be made t enable cities and their peple t c-exist with nature harmniusly.(含情态动词的被动语态)
V. Translatin 15% (3+3+4+5)
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
52. 高额的旅行支出是对公司资源的巨大耗费。(drain n.) (汉译英)
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【答案】The high travel expenses were a great drain n the cmpany’s resurces.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、短语和时态。表示“对……是一种极大的消耗”可以使用名词短语be a great drain n；“公司资源”译为the cmpany’s resurces；表示“高额的旅行支出”用名词短语the high travel expenses作主语，是复数。根据语境，可知时态可用一般过去时，所以动词用过去式were。故翻译为：The high travel expenses were a great drain n the cmpany’s resurces.
53. 看到这些书法作品，我不禁赞叹中国文化的博大精深。(the instant) (汉译英)
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【答案】The instant I saw these calligraphy wrks, I culdn't help admiring the prfund Chinese culture.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，固定短语和时间状语从句。“看到这些书法作品”译为the instant引导的时间状语从句，主语为I；表示“看到这些书法作品”翻译为see these calligraphy wrks，为一般过去时；主句主语为I；表示“不禁赞叹中国文化的博大精深”翻译为can't help admiring the prfund Chinese culture，can't help ding sth.表示“禁不住做某事”，admire“赞叹；仰慕”， the prfund Chinese culture表示“中国文化的博大精深”。故翻译为The instant I saw these calligraphy wrks, I culdn't help admiring the prfund Chinese culture.
54. 万一电梯出故障了，请发出警告，并且安排机械师来维修。(arrange) (汉译英)
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【答案】In case the elevatr is ut f rder, give a warning and arrange fr a mechanic t repair it.
【解析】
【详解】考查条件状语从句，时态，主谓一致，祈使句和固定短语。“万一”是in case，其后跟that引导的条件状语从句，用一般现在时表将来，可省略that，“电梯”是the elevatr，“出故障”是be ut f rder，主语elevatr是单数，be动词用is，“请发出警告，并且安排机械师来维修”用祈使句，动词用原形，“发出警告”是give a warning，“并且”是and，“安排某人做某事”是arrange fr sb. t d sth.，“机械师”是a mechanic，“维修”是repair，用it指代the elevatr，作repair的宾语，因此整句话翻译为“In case the elevatr is ut f rder, give a warning and arrange fr a mechanic t repair it”。故答案为In case the elevatr is ut f rder, give a warning and arrange fr a mechanic t repair it.
55. 志愿者们舍小家顾大家，风雨无阻地坚守岗位，他们的无私奉献让我们肃然起敬。(whse) (汉译英)
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【答案】The vlunteers have put the interests f the cllective abve their wn families, steadfastly remaining at their psts thrugh wind and rain，whse selfless dedicatin fills us with prfund respect.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，定语从句和短语。主句“志愿者们舍小家顾大家”译为The vlunteers have put the interests f the cllective abve their wn families，用现在完成时表示现在的结果，put the interests f the cllective abve their wn families表示“舍小家顾大家”，意为“将集体的利益置于他们自己的家庭之上”，“风雨无阻地坚守岗位”作状语，译为steadfastly remaining at their psts thrugh wind and rain，用remain与逻辑主语vlunteers是主动关系，用现在分词形式，“他们的无私奉献让我们肃然起敬”译为whse引导的定语从句，修饰vlunteers，从句中作定语，selfless dedicatin表示“无私奉献”，fill us with prfund respect表示“让我们肃然起敬”，故译为The vlunteers have put the interests f the cllective abve their wn families, steadfastly remaining at their psts thrugh wind and rain，whse selfless dedicatin fills us with prfund respect.
VI. Guided Writing 25%
56 Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins.
假如你是明启中学高三学生李明，你校正在为即将于高一高二年级举办的英语辩论赛（English Debate Cntest）和英语电影配音赛 （English Film Dubbing Cntest）在高三学生中招聘学生评委（judge），你对此很有兴趣。请写一封电子邮件给相关负责老师，申请担任其中一项比赛的评委。邮件内容需包括：
1. 你希望担任该比赛评委的意愿；
2. 你适合担任该比赛评委的理由。
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【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
It is said that there will be an English Debate Cntest in Grade One, and student judges will be recruited amng Grade Three students. I am very interested in this cntest, s I am writing t apply fr the psitin.
My name is Li Ming, studying in Class 15, Grade 3. I am very interested in English and I get gd grades. I am fluent in ral English and can express myself clearly in English. I am utging and quick in thinking. When I was in grade ne, I tk part in the English debate cntest and wn the first prize, s I knw the rules f the English debate cntest. I have a deep knwledge f the debate requirements, which enables me t evaluate the perfrmance f the cntestants well. S I think I am suitable t be a judge f this cmpetitin.
I wuld really appreciate it if yu culd give me the chance t be a judge. Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs
Li Ming
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给学校相关负责老师写封电子邮件，申请担任高一高二年级举办的英语辩论赛和英语电影配音赛的其中一项比赛的评委。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……感兴趣：be interested in→be keen n
参加：take part in→participate in
给某人某物：give sb sth→ffer sb sth
机会：chance→pprtunity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：My name is Li Ming, studying in Class 15, Grade 3.
拓展句：My name is Li Ming, wh studies in Class 15, Grade 3.
【点睛】[高分句型1] When I was in grade ne, I tk part in the English debate cntest and wn the first prize, s I knw the rules f the English debate cntest.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
A. claimed B. cuisine C. securing D. adding E. fueling F. made G. ppnent H. seed
I. histric J. tugh K. venue
HERE’S THE OIL TO REACH FOR WHEN YOU NEED TO:
Digest a big meal: A few drps f diluted peppermint. “It calms dwn the digestive system,” Rse says.
Frget it’s freezing utside: “Cnifer ils, like pine, black spruce, cedar and Christmas fir, can help cmbat seasnal affective disrder when inhaled,” Rse says. Citrus ils like range r tangerine, which are reminders f summertime, are als gd.
Settle dwn after a big party: Sweet marjram and lavender are sedatives. “They’ll knck yur kids right ut,” Sheppard-Hanger says.
Get ut f bed n a dark, cld mrning: Peppermint, r any mint really, can prvide a mrning jlt when inhaled.
Kill germs: Spray citrus ils tree ils like pine, t help clean the air during sickness.
Decngest a nse: Eucalyptus, spruce r rsemary wrk fr this. Try inhaling a few drps n a tissue t help with clgged nasal passages.