Unit1 You and Me—七年级英语上册同步 知识点总结（人教版2024）

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2024年人教版英语七上Unit 1 You and Me 知识清单一．重点词汇背默1.make friends 交朋友2.get to know 认识；了解3.each adj. & pron. 每个；各自4.other pron. 另外的人(或物) adj. 另外的；其他的5.each other 互相；彼此6.full adj. 完整的；满的7.full name 全名8.grade n. 年级；等级9.last name 姓氏10.classmate n. 同班同学11.class teacher 班主任12.first name 名字13.mistake n. 错误；失误14.country n. 国家15.same adj. 相同的16.twin n. 双胞胎之一 adj. 双胞胎之一的17.both adj. & pron. 两个；两个都18.band n. 乐队19.pot n. 锅20.a lot 很；非常21.tofu n. 豆腐22.parrot n. 鹦鹉23.guitar n. 吉他24.tennis n. 网球25.post n. 帖子；邮政 v. 邮寄；发布26.even adv. 甚至；连；愈加27.play the guitar 弹吉他28.would model v. 想(用于礼貌地邀请或向某人提供某物)；将会29.would(’d) like to 表示愿意；喜欢30.information n. 信息；消息31.hobby n. 业余爱好32.Sydney 悉尼(澳大利亚城市)33.Australia 澳大利亚34.Beijing roast duck 北京烤鸭35.Singapore 新加坡36.London 伦敦(英国首都)二．重点短语背默三．重点句子背默1.How are you?你好吗？2.I'm good, thank you.我很好，谢谢你。3.Mr Smith, this is my new friend, Peter.史密斯老师，这是我的新朋友，彼得。4.Peter, this is our English teacher, Mr Smith.彼得，这是我们的英语老师，史密斯老师。5.He's from the US.他来自美国。6.Hi, Peter. Nice to meet you.嗨，彼得。见到你很高兴。7.Nice to meet you too, Mr Smith.见到你我也很高兴，史密斯老师。8.What class are you in, Peter?你在哪个班级，彼得？9.I'm in Class 1.我在1班。10. -Who’s your class teacher? —Ms Hui——你的班主任是谁？——慧老师。11.Oh, Peter, it's Ms Gao, not Ms Hui. Hul is her first name.哦，彼得，是高老师，不是慧老师。慧是她的名字。12.Oh, sorry! My mistake.哦，对不起！我的错。13.Hi, I'm Pauline Lee and I'm 14 years old.嗨，我是保利娜·李，今年14岁。14.I live in Singapore with my big family.我和我的大家庭住在新加坡。15.I have a pet bird.我有一只宠物鸟。16.Her name is Coco.她的名字叫科科。17.She even speaks some Chinese!她甚至会说一些中文！18.My favourite sport is tennis.我最喜欢的运动是网球。19.I often play it with my friends after school.放学后我经常和我的朋友们一起打网球。20.Do you want to be my friend?你想做我的朋友吗？21.Hey there! My name is Peter Brown and.I'm 13 years old.嘿！我的名字叫彼得·布朗，今年13岁。22.I'm from London, in the UK.我来自英国伦敦。23.Now, I live in Beijing with my parents.现在，我和父母住在北京。24.My favourite food is Beijing roast duck.我最喜欢的食物是北京烤鸭。25.I like music and I play the guitar in the school band.我喜欢音乐，我在学校乐队弹吉他。26.Would you like to be my friend?你愿意做我的朋友吗？四．易错点背默Section A How do we get to know each other?一．How do we make new friends?我们如何交新朋友？（教材第19页）用法分析make friends 交朋友此短语中的friend 要用复数形式。make friends with.与··交朋友I like making friends.我喜欢交朋友。I want to make friends with you.我想和你交朋友二．①Peter's full name is Peter Brown.彼得的全名是彼得·布朗。（教材第20页1c)②Ella's last name is Miller.埃拉的姓是米勒。（教材第20页1c)③Huì is her first name.慧是她的名字。（教材第21页2a)用法分析(1)full name 全名 它包含“名字和姓氏”。My full name is Liu Yilin.我的全名是刘一林。My full name is Jim Green.我的全名是吉姆·格林。用法分析(2)last name 姓氏也可以用family name 表示。询问某人的姓氏时，常用句型“What's one's last/family name?”,回答时只需要说出姓，而不用说出名。-What's his last /family name?他的姓氏是什么？-His last /family name is Brown.他的姓氏是布朗。用法分析(3)first name名字相当于given name。询问某人的名字时常用句型“What's one's first/given name?”,回答时只需要说出名，而不用说出姓。-What's her first /given name?她的名字是什么？-Sally.萨莉。Meimei is in Class 1，Grade7.梅梅在七年级一班。（教材第20页1c)用法分析grade[名词]年级；等级He is in Class Five, Grade Eight.他在八年级五班。There are three grades in our school.我们学校有三个年级。四．My mistake.我的错。（教材第21页2a)用法分析mistake[名词]错误；失误mistake是可数名词，常指山于认识、理解或判断上的失误而造成行为或看法上的错误。通常与make连用构成短语make mistakes /a mistake,意为“出错；犯错误”。He often makes mistakes in grammar.他经常在语法上出错。五．Are Meimei and Peter in the same class?梅梅和彼得在同一个班吗？（教材第23页3a)用法分析same[形容词]相同的常作定语，其前一般带有定冠词the。The twins look the same.这对双胞胎看上去一样。We are in the same class.我们在同一个班级。【拓展】same的反义词为 different,意为“不同的”。They are in the same school, but in different classes.他们在同一所学校，但在不同的班级。【深度学习·知识整合】与same相关的常用短语the same as.与...相同与same相关的常用短语at the same time 同时the same to you 你也一样Your schoolbag is the same as hers.你的书包和她的一样。We are all talking at the same time.我们都同时在说话。-Happy New Year!新年快乐！-And the same to you!也祝你新年快乐！Lin Hai's favourite colour is green.林海最喜欢的颜色是绿色。（教材第23页3b)用法分析favourite[形容词](=favorite)特别喜爱的相当于like..best,后面常跟名词。其前常与形容词性物主代词或名词所有格搭配使用。His favourite subject is PE.=He likes PE best.他最喜欢的科日是体育。Tom's favourite sport is football.汤姆最喜欢的运动是足球。【拓展】favourite[名词]最喜欢的人或物其复数形式是 favorites。Chinese is his favourite.汉语是他最喜欢的。Beijing Opera and paper cutting are my favorites.京剧和剪纸是我最喜欢的。Tom and I are both in the school band.我和汤姆都在学校乐队里。（教材第23页3b)用法分析(1)both[形容词]两个；两个都修饰名词时，名词应用复数形式。She wants both dictionaries.这两本字典她都想要。Both the answers are wrong.这两个答案都是错的。用法分析(2)both[代词]两个；两个都常用于实义动词之前，be动词或情态动词之后。“both of+复数人称代词的宾格/复数名词”的结构中，谓语动词用复数形式。Her parents are both dentists.她父母都是牙医。They both like the magazine.他们两个都喜欢这本杂志。Both of us like shopping online.我们两个都喜欢网购。【拓展】both.and.意为.·.和...都，既·...又·..，用于连接两个并列成分，连接并列主语时，谓语动词应用复数形式。Both you and your sister like it very much.你和你姐姐都非常喜欢它。Now she lives in Chengdu with her parents.现在她和她的父母住在成都。（教材第23页3c)用法分析with[介词]和···在一起后跟名词或代词宾格构成介词短语，在句中作状语。She goes to school with her sister every day.她每天和她的姐姐一起上学。【拓展】with[介词]带有；用He has a house with a garden.他有一所带花园的房子。I write with a pen.我用钢笔写字。She likes Chinese food a lot.她非常喜欢中国食物。（教材第23页3c)用法分析a lot 很；非常作副词短语，在句中作程度状语，可以修饰动词、感叹词、介词短语、形容词或副词的比较级。It usually rains a lot at this time of year.通常每年这个时候都下雨。(a lot修饰动词 rains)Thanks a lot.十分感谢。(a lot修饰感叹词 thanks)He is feeling a lot better.他感觉好多了。(a lot修饰形容词比较级 better)Section B What do we need to know about a new friendShe even speaks some Chinese!她甚至会说一些中文！（教材第24页1b)用法分析even[副词]甚至；连；愈加用于加强语气，通常位于被修饰词的前面，若句中有助动词，则位于其后。Even a child can understand it.甚至连小孩都能理解它。【拓展】even 还可用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级。This book is even more useful than that one.这本书比那本更加有用。Do you want to be my friend?你想成为我的朋友吗？（教材第24页1b)用法分析want[动词]想要want to be 表示“想要变得··；想要成为····”，其后常接形容词或名词作表语。She doesn't want to be old.她不想变老。I want to be a teacher.我想成为一名教师。【拓展】want的其他常用结构want sth 想要某物want to do sth 想要做某事want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事I want an orange。我想要一个橙子。I want to go there.我想要去那里。I want you to help me.我想要你帮我。三．I like music, and I play the guitar in the school band.我喜欢音乐，我在学校乐队里弹吉他（教材第24页1b)用法分析play the guitar 弹吉他play后接乐器类名词时，意为“弹；吹奏；演奏”，乐器类名词前通常要加定冠词the。play the erhu 拉二胡play the piano 弹钢琴play the pipa 弹琵琶【拓展】play后跟球类或棋、牌类名词时，意为“打；踢；下”，此类名词前不加定冠词the。play soccer 踢足球play chess 下国际象棋四．Would you like to be my friend?你愿意做我的朋友吗？（教材第24页1b)用法分析would('d)like to 表示愿意、喜欢相当于want,但比want语气委婉。I would like to eat some bread.我想吃些面包。【拓展】“Would you like to do sth?”的肯定回答通常用“Yes,I'd love / like to.”;否定回答通常用“I'd love/ like to,but..”,but后接句子，表示不能去的理由。-Would you like some meat?你想要些肉吗？-Yes,please./No,thanks.好的，请给我来一些。/不，谢谢。-Would you like to climb the mountains?你想去爬山吗？-I'd like to, but I have to do my homework.我想去，可是我得做作业。五.Information 信息（教材第25页1c)用法分析information[不可数名词]信息；消息表示其数量时常借助piece或more等词。a piece of information一条信息two pieces of information 两条信息You can get more information about the singing competition on the Internet.你可以在网上获得更多的关于歌咏比赛的信息六．Try to talk to all of your classmates.尽量和你所有的同学都说话。（教材第75页）用法分析try[动词]尝试；努力意为“尝试”时，其后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式；意为“努力”时，其后接动词不定式。【辨析】try to do sth 与 try doing sthtry to do sth表示想尽一切办法要把事情办成，强调付出一定的努力设法去完成某事尽力、设法做某事try doing sth尝试做某事。表示一种尝试、做做看的想法，不一定付出很多努力He tried to carry the basket。他努力提起这个篮子。The boy tried making a model plane.这个男孩尝试着制作一个飞机模型。五．语法点记忆一．人称代词主格1.人称代词主格和宾格2.人称代词主格在句中做主语。I am a teacher.我是一名老师。You are tall你个子高。It is a book.它是本书。3.人称代词排列顺序巧学妙记 单数人称二三一，复数人称一二三。男女并列男在前，错误责任我来担。You, he and I are in the same class.你，我和他在同一个班。We, you and they are new students.我们，你们和他们都是新生。He and she are both good at sports.他和她都擅长运动。I and my sister made our father angry.我和我妹妹惹爸爸生气了。一．阅读短文,根据汉语提示填入适当的人称代词。　　Hi, I’m Millie. Today, I want to tell 　1　(你们) about my new classmates, Zhang ke and Simon. Zhang ke is from Beijing. 　2　(她) is tall and has long hair. 　3　(我们) also call 　4　(她) Mary. She sits beside 　5　(我). Simon is good at sports. 　6　(他) has many friends. 　7　(他们) often play football after school. His friends like 　8　(他) very much because he is nice to 　9　(他们). Simon is in the school football team. 　10　(它) is the best team in our city. 二.单项选择1.—Why are you so excited? —The scientist Huang Xuhua will come to our school. I can’t wait to see 　　　.  A.you　　 B.me C.him　　 D.them2.—Who is the woman over there?—She is Miss Fang. She is our English teacher. She teaches 　　　English. A.us　　　 B.our　　 C.we　　 D.ours3.—Mr Wu, can 　　　go out to play with our friends?  —Oh, dear. I want 　　　to help me do the cleaning. A.my and me; she and her B.Amy and I; you and sheC.Amy and me; her and you D.Amy and I; you and her一．1.you　设空处跟在行为动词tell后作宾语,应用宾格。2.She　设空处在句中作主语,应用主格,且位于句首,首字母应大写。3.We　设空处在句中作主语,应用主格,且位于句首,首字母应大写。4.her　设空处跟在行为动词call的后面作宾语,应用宾格。5.me　设空处跟在介词beside的后面作宾语,应用宾格。6.He　设空处在句中作主语,应用主格,且位于句首,首字母应大写。7.They　设空处在句中作主语,应用主格,且位于句首,首字母应大写。8.him　设空处跟在行为动词like的后面作宾语,应用宾格。9.them　设空处跟在介词to的后面作宾语,应用宾格。10.It　设空处指代上文提到的“the school football team”,在句中作主语,应用主格,且位于句首,首字母应大写。二.1.C　句意为:——你为什么这么兴奋?——科学家黄旭华将要来我们学校。我等不及要见他了。此处用代词him指代上文提到的科学家黄旭华,故选C。2.A　分析题干可知,设空处在句中作宾语,应该用人称代词宾格。故选A。3.D　第一空作句子的主语,要用主格,故排除A、C选项;第二空作宾语,要用宾格,排除B选项。故选D。 形容词性物主代词一、基本用法形容词性物主代词具有形容词性质，在句中只能做定语，后接名词表示所属关系。Is that his bike? 那是他的自行车吗？It's a panda. Its name is Huanhuan.它是一只熊猫。它的名字叫欢欢。二、特殊用法1.名词前用了形容词性物主代词就不能再用冠词。It's my key.那是我的钥匙。2.与形容词一起修饰名词时，形容词性物主代词要放在形容词的前面。This is my good friend.这是我的好朋友。名词性物主代词1.英语中的名词性物主代词一.用所给词的适当形式填空1. —Hi, Sara. Is this your English book?—No. ____Mine___（I）is on the desk.2. What ___is____（be）the number of your ID card?3. Some pencils ___are____（be）in my pencil box.4. —Bill, is that your sister's pet dog?—No, ___Hers____（she）is white.5. This is my dictionary. Where is ___yours____（your）?二.句型转换11. This is my schoolbag.（改为般疑问句）____Is___ __this_____ ___your____ schoolbag?12. Is that her ruler? （改为复数句）___Are____ ____those___ her ___rulers____?13. —Are these his books? （做肯定回答）—Yes, ___they____ ___are____.14. —Is that your eraser? （做否定回答）—No, ____it___ ___isn’t____.15. Those are my dictionaries.（同义句转换）___Those____ dictionaries are ___mine____.六．写作背默假设你是Lucy,阳光中学的一名学生,你在英语社团课上进行演讲展示,主题是“My best friend”,根据下列思维导图提示词,完成演讲稿。　　注意事项:1.英文演讲稿必须包括所有提示内容,可适当补充,语句通顺,意思连贯,书写规范;2.词数80左右,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。Dear students and teachers, I’m Lucy from Sunshine Middle School. I'd like to introduce my best friend Betty. 　　That’s all. Thank you![思路点拨]①题干解读:本文属于材料作文,要求根据思维导图提示词,写一篇英语演讲稿来介绍最好的朋友。从体裁上看属于说明文。②写作指导:本文人称以第三人称为主,时态用一般现在时。写作时按照提示词的顺序,先介绍Betty的年龄、外貌、年级和性格的基本情况,再介绍她的学校生活及其爱好等。[标准范文]Dear students and teachers, 　　I'm Lucy from Sunshine Middle School. I’d like to introduce my best friend Betty. Betty is 14 years old. She looks slim and cute. She is in Grade 7. She is kind and helpful.At school she learns many subjects, such as maths, art and PE. English is her favourite subject. Betty also loves reading very much. She is a member of the reading club. She is good at playing table tennis. She often plays it with me after school. Betty loves drawing too because she thinks it is fun. But she dislikes basketball because she can’t play it well. That’s all. Thank you![高级语块]短语例句1.introduce sb.介绍某人I'll introduce you to him.我会把你介绍给他。2.talk about谈论We had plenty to talk about.我们有说不完的话。3.be from来自She was from Scotland.她来自苏格兰。4.how old多少岁How old is the old man?这位老人多少岁了？5.in the same class在同一个班We are in the same class.我们在同一个班。6.my new classmate我的新同学He is my new classmate.他是我的新同学。7.like... very much/like ..a lot非常喜欢I like fruits very much.我非常喜欢水果。8.in the school band在学校乐队I'm in the school band.我是学校乐队的成员。9.live in ..　with sb.和某人住在I live in Toronto with my family.我和我的家人住在多伦多。10 .. hour(s)ago··个小时前They left two hours ago.他们两个小时前就走了。11.speak Chinese说中文Can you speak Chinese?你们能说中文吗？12.play...with sb.和某人一起玩···I always play balls with him.我总是和他一起玩球。13.after school放学后You may clean it after school.你可以在放学后再打扫。14.want to do sth.想要做某事Do you want to dance?你想要跳舞吗？15.be my friend成为我的朋友Do you want to be my friend?你想成为我的朋友吗？16.write to me给我写信Please write to me soon.请尽快给我写信。第一人称第二人称单数复数单数复数I（我）we（我们）you（你）you（你们）meusyouyou 第三人称单数复数he（他）she（她）it（它）they（他/她它们）himheritthem第一人称第二人称单数复数单数复数my（我的）our（我们的）your（你的）your（你们的）第三人称单数复数his（他的）her（她的）its（它的）their（他/她它们的） 数人称类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs含义我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他（她、它）们的重点短语look slim and cute看起来既苗条又可爱;a member of……的一名成员;be good at doing sth.擅长做某事;after school放学后重点句型At school she learns many subjects, such as maths, art and PE.在学校里,她学习许多科目,如数学、艺术和体育。(用such as列举同类的人或物)Betty loves drawing too because she thinks it is fun.贝蒂也喜欢画画,因为她觉得画画很有趣。(because引导原因状语从句)