江苏省常州市五校2024-2025学年高三上学期12月联合调研英语试题（Word版附解析）

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2024. 12
满分150分 考试时间120分钟
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What has the man recently bught?
A. A new phne. B. A drbell camera. C. A smke alarm.
2. What event are the speakers preparing fr?
A. The Spring Festival. B. A birthday party. C. Christmas Day.
3. Why has the man prbably gained sme weight?
A. He has been exercising less. B. He's been lacking sleep. C. He's been eating mre.
4. Why des the man like wrking at the ffice?
A. He is mre efficient. B. It's mre interesting. C. The envirnment is better.
5. What will the speakers prbably have fr dinner?
A. Beef sup. B. Chicken ndles. C. Egg salad sandwiches.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第 6、7题。
6. What activity d the speakers bth enjy?
A. Ding yga. B. Walking. C. Jgging.
7. Why des the man like adult clring bks?
A. They are challenging. B. They have beautiful images.
C. They take his mind ff daily cncerns.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a car shwrm. B. In a parking lt. C. In a driveway.
9. What des the man care mst abut a car?
A. The tp speed. B. The charging frequency. C. The envirnmental impact.
10. Which feature is nrmally paid extra accrding t car dealers?
A. Heated seats. B. Internet cnnectin. C. The parking camera.
听第8段材料，回答第11 至 13题。
11. Hw is the wman prbably feeling?
A. Ht. B. Tired. C. Sick.
12. Wh will the wman speak t n vide call?
A. Her dctr. B. Her brther. C. Her prfessr.
13. What will the wman prbably d next?
A. Carry ut a study. B. Have a “cffee nap”. C. Drp ff the man.
听第9段材料，回答第14至 16题。
14. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. Reading preferences. B. Authrs' inspiratin. C. Their favurite bks.
15. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Writer and fan. B. Interviewer and interviewee. C. Magazine editr and reader.
16. What des the man say abut ppular literature?
A. Gd writers hardly read it. B. It's actually well-written. C. Keep an pen mind t it.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did peple call scientists befre the 1830s?
A. Man f science. B. Officer f science. C. Researcher f science.
18. Wh hped Mary Smerville culd cntinue t study?
A. Her uncle. B. Her mther. C. Her aunt.
19. What did Mary Smerville d after her first husband passed away?
A. She went t university. B. She learned t be a gd wife. C. She devted her life t science.
20. When was Smerville Cllege established?
A. In 1834. B. In 1872. C. In 1879.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Spring turns Eurpe int a wrld f clrs. If yu want t experience spring in all its clurful glry, here are fur f the best places fr yu.
Blming Barque, Ludwigsburg, Germany
The Blming Barque garden shw in Ludwigsburg, Germany, has been welcming visitrs since 1954. Visit the 18th-century palace between March and Nvember and yu can nt nly see displays filled with flwers, but als watch different kinds f birds and visit gardens, climb Rapunzel's twer and get lst in a giant hedge maze (树篱迷宫).
Keukenhf Gardens, Lisse, the Netherlands
The largest flwer garden in the wrld, Keukenhf in the Netherlands is the best place t see the symblic Dutch flwer at its finest. Tulips explde acrss the gardens, with mre than 800 different varieties. After yu’ve wandered thrugh the gardens, yu can hire a bike at the main gate and then ride thrugh the endless rws f picture-perfect flwered rainbws. The shw runs frm March 21 t May 10.
Temps de Flrs, Girna, Spain
Girna’s medieval centre is transfrmed int a living gallery as flwer carpets and special sculptures explde thrughut the city centre each May. The Girna A Cappella Festival invites music lvers t engage all their senses as the sund, smell and sight f spring fill the city fr 10 days in May.
Nrmandy Tulip Festival, Vendcuvre, France
The French garden f the 18th-century Vendeuvre Chateau in Nrmandy springs t life in April, as ver30, 000 tulips, narcissi and grape hyacinths awaken. Open afternns thrughut April between 2 p. m. and 6p. m.
1. Where can yu see a flwer display in autumn?
A. In the Netherlands.B. In Germany.
C. In Spain.D. In France.
2. What f the fllwing is the highlight f the Girna's flwer display?
A. A maze in a palace.B. An art exhibitin.
C. A music festival.D. A bicycle tur.
3. What can yu enjy in bth Keukenhf Gardens and Nrmandy Tulip Festival?
A. Different birds.B. Flwered rainbws.
C. Plenty f tulips.D. A live cncert.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个最适合体验春天的地方。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Blming Barque, Ludwigsburg, Germany中的“Visit the 18th-century palace between March and Nvember and yu can nt nly see displays filled with flwers, but als watch different kinds f birds and visit gardens, climb Rapunzel's twer and get lst in a giant hedge maze (树篱迷宫).(在3月到11月间参观这座18世纪的宫殿，你不仅可以看到鲜花，还可以参观各种各样的鸟类和花园，爬上长发公主的塔，在巨大的篱笆迷宫中迷失方向)”可知，秋天在德国可以看到花展。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Temps de Flrs, Girna, Spain中的“The Girna A Cappella Festival invites music lvers t engage all their senses as the sund, smell and sight f spring fill the city fr 10 days in May.( 赫罗纳无伴奏合唱音乐节邀请音乐爱好者调动他们所有的感官，在5月的10天里，春天的声音、气味和景象充满了这座城市)”可知，赫罗纳花展的亮点是音乐节。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Keukenhf Gardens, Lisse, the Netherlands中的“Tulips explde acrss the gardens, with mre than 800 different varieties.(郁金香遍布整个花园，有800多种不同的品种)”和Nrmandy Tulip Festival, Vendeuvre, France中的“The French garden f the 18th-century Vendeuvre Chateau in Nrmandy springs t life in April, as ver30, 000 tulips, narcissi and grape hyacinths awaken.(在4月，超过3万朵郁金香、水仙花和风信子苏醒了，位于诺曼底18世纪的法国凡尔赛宫Château花园焕发了生机)”可知，在库肯花园和诺曼底郁金香节都能享受到很多郁金香。故选C。
B
Researchers frm the Yale Child Study Center cllected 21 days f daily diaries frm parents and teens frm151 families. Participating teens were in the 9th and 10th grades, and ranged frm 13 t 16 years ld. By analyzing these diaries, the researchers culd cnnect parents’ displays f warmth with daily fluctuatins (变动) in hw lved their teens were feeling. “The daily methdlgy is suited t prviding caregivers with practical suggestins fr daily life,” says Beata Ujvari, wh was nt invlved in the study.
Regardless f the general clseness f the parent-teen relatinship the researchers fund that teens reprted feeling mre lved n days when parents reprted shwing mre warmth in the frm f affectin, understanding, r praise. Likewise, teens reprted feeling less lved n days when parents reprted mre cnflicts than usual. Mre imprtantly, the researchers als fund that parents culd weaken the impact f cnflicts by shwing their teens warmth. In ther wrds, n days when parents were warm, high levels f cnflicts didn't reduce hw lved teens felt.
T weaken cnflicts’ impact, warmth had t be shwn n the same day, but the warmth and cnflicts did nt need t be related, the researchers said.
“Parents ften cmplain abut the cnflicts they are experiencing with their children,” said Jhn Cffey, the study’s lead authr, “but ur study suggests cnflicts are manageable.”
The study adds t a grwing bdy f evidence suggesting daily fluctuatins in feeling lved are cmmn even in lng-term relatinships. Hw parents and teens cmmunicate and reslve cnflicts may be mst imprtant t maintaining a healthy relatinship in the lng term, said the researchers.
“The study findings are particularly useful right nw,” added Cffey, “because parents and their children are spending much time tgether. Finding ways t be kind and warm will help lessen ptential cnflicts and ensure children feel lved.”
4. The main purpse f the study cnducted by Yale Child Study Center is t ________.
A. investigate the daily cnflicts between parents and teens
B. explre the impact f age and gender n teens’ emtinal well-being
C. prvide practical suggestins fr caregivers t avid cnflicts with their teens
D. examine the link between parental warmth and teens’ sense f being lved
5. Hw can parents reduce cnflicts’ effect n their teens accrding t the text?
A. By displaying emtinal warmth n the same day.
B. By spending mre time with their teens.
C. By shwing understanding related t the cnflicts
D. By expressing agreement n whatever their says.
6. It can be inferred frm the study that ________.
A. cnflicts between parents and teens are entirely unavidable
B. parents’ warmth can effectively reduce cnflicts between parents and teens
C. teens’ feelings f being lved are nt affected by their parents’ cnflicts
D. daily fluctuatins in feeling lved are cmmn in lng-term relatinships
7. Which f the fllwing statements is NOT mentined in the passage?
A. Parents and teens frequently encunter disagreement r arguments.
B. Parents’ warmth can be shwn thrugh the expressin f affectin and understanding.
C. The study suggests that cnflicts between parents and teens can be handled.
D. The study suggests that parents spend mre time with their children.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了耶鲁大学儿童研究中心的研究人员收集家长和青少年21天的日记，分析发现家长表达温暖与青少年感受到的被爱程度之间的日常波动有关，家长在同一天表达温暖可以减弱冲突对孩子的影响。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“By analyzing these diaries, the researchers culd cnnect parents’ displays f warmth with daily fluctuatins (变动) in hw lved their teens were feeling.(通过分析这些日记，研究人员可以将父母的温暖表现与青少年感受到的爱的日常波动联系起来)”可知，耶鲁儿童研究中心进行的这项研究的主要目的是研究父母的温暖和青少年被爱的感觉之间的联系。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“T weaken cnflicts’ impact, warmth had t be shwn n the same day, but the warmth and cnflicts did nt need t be related, the researchers said.(研究人员说，为了减弱冲突的影响，温情必须在同一天出现，但温情和冲突并不一定要联系起来)”可知，父母在同一天表现出情感上的温暖可以减少冲突对孩子的影响。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The study adds t a grwing bdy f evidence suggesting daily fluctuatins in feeling lved are cmmn even in lng-term relatinships.(越来越多的证据表明，即使在长期的关系中，每天感觉被爱的波动也是很常见的，这项研究进一步证明了这一点)”可知，从这项研究中可以推断出在长期关系中，感受到爱的日常波动是很常见的。故选D项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段““Parents ften cmplain abut the cnflicts they are experiencing with their children,” said Jhn Cffey, the study’s lead authr, “but ur study suggests cnflicts are manageable.”(该研究的主要作者
约翰·科菲（Jhn Cffey）说：“父母经常抱怨他们与孩子之间的冲突，但我们的研究表明，冲突是可以控制的。”)”可知，选项A和C被提及了，根据第二段“Regardless f the general clseness f the parent-teen relatinship, the researchers fund that teens reprted feeling mre lved n days when parents reprted shwing mre warmth in the frm f affectin, understanding, r praise.(研究人员发现，不管父母与青少年的关系是否亲密，当父母以情感、理解或赞美的形式表现出更多的温暖时，青少年会感到更被爱)”可知，选项B被提及了。文章并没有提到“研究表明父母应该花更多时间与孩子在一起”，所以选项D未提及。故选D项。
C
T much light at night can cut the number f seeds a plant makes, a new study finds. Researchers put up street lights in Swiss meadws (草地), far frm any real streets. The setup was built similarly t urban light pllutin. In these nw-light-plluted fields, flwers had 62 percent fewer night visitrs-insect pllinatrs (传粉者)-than did the flwers in dark meadws.
The researchers reprted a cabbage thistle (卷心菜蓟花) blm hsts a guest insect after dark. Cabbage thistles are the mst cmmn flwers in these meadws. Fewer insect visitrs at night culd mean less pllen (花粉) pllinated frm plant t plant (the first step in making seeds). Fr the thistles, daytime pllinatr visits didn’t make up fr this lss at night, says Eva Knp, an eclgist at the University f Bern in Switzerland. Overall, night-lit plants prduced ne-eighth fewer seeds than did plants that gt full nights f darkness.
Light pllutin might affect a whle netwrk f plants and their pllinatrs, Knp and her clleagues nw suggest. Indeed, night pllinatin was nt just a lnely business fr a few special plants. There were lts f links between pllen hauls by night and by day. Plants with a lt f night visits were ften very busy by day, t. Light at night that decreases seed numbers culd ver time mean fewer new plants. And fewer plants culd mean plants culd mean less fd and shelter fr daytime insects. S a lt f pllinatrs wrking the day and night shifts culd be affected, Knp wrries.
The new study is the first t shw hw artificial light affects plants’ ability t make seeds. The test is als unusual because it cnsiders all kinds f insect pllinatrs instead f fcusing nly n night-flying insects. The researchers paid special attentin t the cabbage thistle, but they als mapped which kinds f insects visited ther plants by day r night.
8. Why were street lights put up in the meadws?
A. T attract insect pllinatrs.B. Fr urban develpment.
C. T reduce light pllutin.D. Fr scientific research.
9. What can be learned abut cabbage thistles?
A. They are the mst cmmn Swiss flwers.B. They grw slwly during the night.
C. They rely n insects t help make seeds.D. They attract nly night visitrs.
10. Hw des light pllutin affect pllinatrs?
A. By decreasing night visitrs.B. By damaging their sight.
C By increasing seed numbers.D. By destrying their shelter.
11. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Light pllutin may affect plants greatly
B. Night-flying insects matter mre than daytime nes
C. Plants attract mre insects due t light pllutin
D. Researchers fund ways t prtect the envirnment
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新研究发现，夜间过多的光照会减少植物的种子数量。文章详细介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及研究发现夜间过多的光照不仅会减少植物的种子数量，还会摧毁传粉者的庇护所，从而影响到植物的传粉者。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Researchers put up street lights in Swiss meadws (草地), far frm any real streets. The setup was built similarly t urban light pllutin. In these nw-light-plluted fields, flwers had 62 percent fewer night visitrs-insect pllinatrs (传粉者)-than did the flwers in dark meadws.(研究人员在远离任何真实街道的瑞士草地上安装了路灯。该装置的建造方式与城市光污染类似。在这些现已被光污染的田地里，花朵的夜间访客——昆虫传粉者——比在光线暗的草地上的花朵少62%)”可知，路灯挂在草地上是为了用于科学研究。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Fewer insect visitrs at night culd mean less pllen (花粉) pllinated frm plant t plant (the first step in making seeds).(夜间昆虫的减少可能意味着植物间的花粉传粉量减少——这是制造种子的第一步)”可知，甘蓝蓟依靠昆虫来帮助制造种子。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Light at night that decreases seed numbers culd ver time mean fewer new
plants. And fewer plants culd mean plants culd mean less fd and shelter fr daytime insects.(随着时间的推移，夜间的灯光会减少种子数量，这意味着新植物的数量会减少。更少的植物意味着更少的食物和白天昆虫的较少的庇护所)”可知，光污染通过摧毁传粉者的庇护所，来影响传粉者。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“T much light at night can cut the number f seeds a plant makes, a new study finds.(一项新研究发现，夜间过多的光照会减少植物的种子数量)”以及第三段中“Light pllutin might affect a whle netwrk f plants and their pllinatrs, Knp and her clleagues nw suggest.( Knp和她的同事现在认为，光污染可能会影响整个植物网络和它们的传粉者)”结合文章详细介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及研究发现夜间过多的光照不仅会减少植物的种子数量，还会摧毁传粉者的庇护所，从而影响到植物的传粉者。可知，A选项“光污染对植物的影响很大”最符合文章标题。故选A。
D
Brwsing vides n TikTk r YuTube can be a hit-and-miss affair. But researchers have fund that switching t anther vide, r skipping frwards and backwards in the same ne, actually makes peple mre bred.
Dr Katy Tam at the University f Trnt Scarbrugh said bredm was clsely linked t attentin. “We feel bred when there’s a gap between hw engaged we are and hw engaged we want t be,” she said. “When peple keep switching thrugh vides, they becme less engaged with the vides and they are lking fr smething mre interesting. This can lead t increased feelings f bredm.”
The results appear t chime with ther studies: as the team ntes, previus research has suggested that while bredm relief is a driver fr peple t use scial media r smartphnes, the use f such technlgy appears t make the feeling wrse.
Writing in the Jurnal f Experimental Psychlgy: General, Tam and clleagues reprt hw they carried ut seven experiments invlving a ttal f mre than 1,200 participants.
The first, invlving 140 participants, revealed that peple tended t switch between vides mre when they rated the cntent mre bring, while the secnd-an nline survey invlving 231 participants--suggested peple thught having the ptin t skip thrugh a vide r switch t anther wuld make viewing a vide less bring.
Hwever, the team’s subsequent experiments suggest this is nt the case. Data frm a grup f 166 undergraduates suggests participants felt mre bred when allwed t skip abut within a vide than when they were nt able t, while results frm 159 undergraduates revealed they reprted higher levels r bredm when given a cllectin f five-minute vides they culd switch between, cmpared with a single 10-minute vide.
“Our research shws that while peple fast-frward r skip vides t avid bredm, this behaviur can actually make them feel mre bred,” she said. “Just as we pay fr an immersive experience in a mvie theatre, enjyment ften cmes frm immersing urselves in vides rather than swiping thrugh them.”
12. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. Hw t avid bredm while brwsing vides.
B. The relatinship between vide switching and bredm.
C. The ppularity f TikTk and YuTube amng yung peple.
D. The imprtance f immersive experiences in mvie theaters.
13. What des the underlined phrase “chime with” mean in Paragraph 3?
A. agree withB. cmpare withC. cntrast withD. disagree with
14. Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE accrding t the research?
A. Skipping thrugh vides always makes viewing less bring.
B. Swiping thrugh shrt vides frequently leads t increased bredm.
C. Switching between shrt vides frequently helps peple reduce bredm.
D. The use f scial media r smartphnes cases bredm.
15. T relieve bredm while watching vides, Dr. Katy Tam suggest peple ________.
A. skip thrugh vides as ften as pssibleB. fast-frward vides t keep interest
C. absrb themselves in the vide cntentD. avid watching vides n scial media platfrms
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了多伦多斯卡伯勒大学的研究人员关于人们浏览视频的研究，研究表明不断切换视频或在同一视频中前后跳跃实际上会让人们感到更无聊。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Brwsing vides n TikTk r YuTube can be a hit-and-miss affair. But researchers have fund that switching t anther vide, r skipping frwards and backwards in the same ne, actually makes peple mre bred.(在TikTk或YuTube上浏览视频可能是一件偶然的事情。但研究人员发现，切换到另一个视频，或者在同一个视频中来回跳，实际上会让人更无聊)”以及纵观全文可知，文章主要探讨了人们在浏览视频时频繁切换或跳过内容如何影响他们的无聊感，因此主旨是视频切换与无聊之间的关系。故选B项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文“When peple keep switching thrugh vides, they becme less engaged with the vides and they are lking fr smething mre interesting. This can lead t increased feelings f bredm.(当人们不停地切换视频时，他们对视频的参与度就会降低，他们会寻找更有趣的东西。这可能会增加无聊感)”以及后文“as the team ntes, previus research has suggested that while bredm relief is a driver fr peple t use scial media r smartphnes, the use f such technlgy appears t make the feeling wrse.(正如研究小组指出的那样，之前的研究表明，尽管缓解无聊是人们使用社交媒体或智能手机的一个动力，但使用这些技术似乎会让感觉更糟)”可知，之前的研究和现在的研究结果一样，推知chime with是“以……一致，同意”之意，和A项意思相近。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段““Our research shws that while peple fast-frward r skip vides t avid bredm, this behaviur can actually make them feel mre bred,” she said.(她说：“我们的研究表明，虽然人们为了避免无聊而快进或跳过视频，但这种行为实际上会让他们感到更加无聊。”)”可知，尽管人们认为切换视频会减少无聊，但实验结果表明，频繁切换或跳过视频实际上会让人感到更加无聊。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Just as we pay fr an immersive experience in a mvie theatre, enjyment ften cmes frm immersing urselves in vides rather than swiping thrugh them.(就像我们花钱去电影院享受身临其境的体验一样，享受往往来自于让自己沉浸在视频中，而不是在视频中刷屏)”可知，Dr. Katy Tam建议人们沉浸于视频内容中来缓解无聊。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A fd allergy (过敏) is a medical cnditin that ccurs when the bdy’s prtectin system perceives certain fds as a threat and respnds t them with an allergic reactin.
Symptms (症状) f a fd allergy
____16____ Hwever, a severe reactin can take up t a few hurs fllwing expsure. Symptms can range frm mild t severe. And they may differ each time a specific allergen appears. Symptms can include: a skin rash r hives, swelling f the face r lips, r feeling lightheaded r dizzy. ____17____ That can send the bdy int shck r make it difficult t breathe.
Judging a fd allergy
Dctrs cnsider a number f factrs when investigating a fd allergy. Thse include bth a patient’s symptms
and family histry f allergies. A physical examinatin may be perfrmed t rule ut any ther cnditins. ____18____
Treating a fd allergy
It may nt be pssible fr a patient t cmpletely avid fds that induce (导致) an allergic reactin. Fr minr reactins, yu can take sme medicine. Fr severe reactins, hwever, turn t dctrs fr help.
____19____
The nly sure way t prevent an allergic reactin t fd is t carefully avid the allergens. This can be a difficult prcess. That requires patients t carefully study fd labels t ensure the fd is safe fr them. ____20____ S it’s necessary t infrm family r friends f the fd that can cause a fd allergy.
A. Aviding harm frm allergy.
B. Preventing an allergic reactin.
C. Nt everyne knws what a fd allergy is.
D. But many peple dn’t knw the allergens.
E. Other tests can include bld test r ral fd challenge.
F. An allergic reactin t fd usually ccurs within minutes.
G. Fr sme peple, certain allergens can bring a severe reactin.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. E 19. B 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是食物过敏、过敏的症状以及如何预防食物过敏。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Hwever, a severe reactin can take up t a few hurs fllwing expsure. (然而，严重的反应可能会持续几个小时)”可知，设空处应该介绍食物过敏症状出现的时间，故F项“对食物的过敏反应通常在几分钟内就会发生。”能够承接上文。故选F项。
17题详解】
根据上文“Symptms can include: a skin rash r hives, swelling f the face r lips, r feeling lightheaded r dizzy. (症状包括：皮疹或荨麻疹，面部或嘴唇肿胀，或感觉头晕或头晕)”及下文“That can send the bdy int shck r make it difficult t breathe.(这会使身体休克或呼吸困难)”可知，前句介绍各种过敏症状，后句提到过敏的严重反应。故G选项“对某些人来说，某些过敏原会引起严重的反应。”能够承上启下。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“A physical examinatin may be perfrmed t rule ut any ther cnditins. (体检可以排除任何其他情况)”可知，前句介绍通过体检来判断是否食物过敏，因此E选项可以承接上文说明其它测试的内容。故E选项“其他测试包括血液测试或口服食物挑战。”切题。信息词“Other tests”和“examinatin”呼应。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“The nly sure way t prevent an allergic reactin t fd is t carefully avid the allergens. (预防食物过敏反应的唯一可靠方法就是小心地避开过敏原)”可知，本段主要介绍了如何避免食物过敏。故B选项“预防过敏反应。”适合作本段主题句。故选B项。
【20题详解】
根据下文“S it’s necessary t infrm family r friends f the fd that can cause a fd allergy. (所以有必要告知家人或朋友哪些食物会导致食物过敏)”可知，很多人不知道过敏原是什么。故D选项“但是很多人不知道过敏原是什么。”符合此处语境。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In the heart f the Amazn rainfrest, there lies a small village where peple live in harmny with nature. A yung girl named Maria has always been ___21___ by the stries f the rainfrest tld by her grandmther.
One sunny mrning, Maria decided t wander deeper int the rainfrest. With her grandmther’s ld cmpass, she ___22___ alne. As she ventured further, the frest began t ___23___ a different side with the twering trees and the varius clrs f the flwers.
Suddenly, Maria heard a rustling sund behind her. She turned arund, her heart punding with ___24___ . There, standing just a few feet away was a jaguar. Maria’s first instinct was t run, but she remembered her grandmther’s wrds: “Respect the animals, and they will respect yu.” Taking a deep breath, she ___25___ the jaguar with her eyes. The jaguar, sensing Maria’s calm and respect, slwly ___26___ int the bushes. Maria cntinued her jurney, feeling a sense f ___27___ . As the sun began t set, Maria fund herself at the edge f a hidden lake, its waters ___28___ the sky like a mirrr. Admiring the sunset, she realized that the rainfrest was nt just a place f adventure and discvery; it was als a place f ___29___ and wisdm.
After Maria returned t the village, she tld the villagers abut her ___30___ with the jaguar and the beauty f the hidden lake. The chief f the village listened ___31___ and he knew that Maria had learned valuable lessns abut respect and harmny. Frm that day n, Maria became a(n) ___32___ figure in the village, knwn fr her
bravery and wisdm. She cntinued t explre the rainfrest, always with a sense f ___33___ fr nature. The villagers, inspired by Maria’s stries, began t appreciate their surrundings mre, learning t live in ___34___ with the rainfrest. Years later, her legacy lived n in the hearts f thse wh heard her stries and in the ___35___ f the rainfrest itself.
21. A. attractedB. frightenedC. attackedD. recgnized
22. A. set upB. set dwnC. set backD. set ff
23. A. revealB. functinC. impressD. adapt
24. A. excitementB. admiratinC. fearD. cnfidence
25. A. shuted tB. tk nC. brught utD. stared at
26. A. advancedB. apprachedC. escapedD. retreated
27. A. angerB. disappintmentC. reliefD. anxiety
28. A. reflectingB. recallingC. regainingD. reviewing
29. A. cncentratinB. learningC. memryD. recvery
30. A. breakdwnB. encunterC. respnseD. accunt
31. A. thrughlyB. regularlyC. frtunatelyD. attentively
32. A. mysteriusB. ignrantC. admiredD. generus
33. A. respectB. achievementC. cntributinD. disrespect
34. A. cnflictB. harmnyC. explsinD. nutritin
35. A. applicatinB. fashinC. spiritD. security
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了玛丽亚在亚马逊雨林中的一次探险经历，以及这次经历如何影响了她和村民们对自然的态度。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个名叫Maria的小女孩一直被她祖母讲的雨林故事所吸引。A. attracted吸引；B. frightened使惊吓；C. attacked攻击；D. recgnized认出。根据后文“One sunny mrning, Maria decided t wander deeper int the rainfrest.”可知，Maria决定去雨林探险，所以是被她祖母讲的雨林故事所吸引。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她拿着祖母的旧指南针，独自出发了。A. set up建立；B. set dwn记下；C. set back阻碍；D. set ff出发。根据前文“Maria decided t wander deeper int the rainfrest.”可知，Maria决定去雨林探险，所以应是拿着祖母的旧指南针，独自出发了。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她继续冒险时，森林开始揭示出不同的一面，参天的树木和各种颜色的花朵。A. reveal揭示；B. functin运转；C. impress使留下深刻印象；D. adapt适应。根据后文“the twering trees and the varius clrs f the flwers”可知，森林揭示了另一面。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她转过身来，害怕得心砰砰直跳。A. excitement兴奋；B. admiratin钦佩；C. fear害怕；D. cnfidence自信。根据后文“There, standing just a few feet away was a jaguar.”可知，Maria身后出现了一只美洲虎，所以应是害怕的。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她深吸一口气，用眼睛盯着那只美洲虎。A. shuted t向呼喊；B. tk n承担；C. brught ut推出，发布；D. stared at凝视。根据后文“with her eyes”可知，用眼睛，应是盯着那只美洲虎。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：美洲虎感觉到Maria的平静和尊敬，慢慢地退到灌木丛中。A. advanced前进；B. apprached接近；C. escaped逃跑；D. retreated后退。根据后文“Maria cntinued her jurney”可知，Maria继续她的旅程，所以应是美洲虎退到灌木丛中离开了。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Maria继续她的旅程，感到一种解脱的感觉。A. anger愤怒；B. disappintment失望；C. relief宽慰；D. anxiety焦虑。根据前文“The jaguar, sensing Maria’s calm and respect, slwly 6 int the bushes.”可知，美洲虎离开了，所以Maria感到一种解脱的感觉。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当太阳开始落山时，Maria发现自己站在一个隐蔽的湖边，湖水像一面镜子一样反射着天空。A. reflecting反射；B. recalling回忆；C. regaining重新获得；D. reviewing回顾。根据后文“like a mirrr”可知，湖面像镜子一样，应是反射着天空。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：欣赏着日落，她意识到雨林不仅仅是一个冒险和发现的地方；它也是一个学习和智慧的地方。A. cncentratin专注；B. learning学习；C. memry记忆；D. recvery恢复。根据下文
“Maria had learned valuable lessns abut respect and harmny.”可知，雨林也是一个学习和智慧的地方。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Maria回到村子后，向村民们讲述了她与美洲虎的邂逅以及隐藏的湖泊之美。A. breakdwn崩溃；B. encunter遭遇,邂逅；C. respnse回应；D. accunt账户。根据前文“There, standing just a few feet away was a jaguar.”可知，Maria在雨林遭遇了美洲虎。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：村长聚精会神地听着，他知道Maria学到了尊重与和谐的宝贵经验。A. thrughly彻底地；B. regularly定期地；C. frtunately幸运地；D. attentively专注地。根据后文“he knew that Maria had learned valuable lessns abut respect and harmny.”可知，村长知道Maria学到了尊重与和谐的宝贵经验，所以应是专注地听她的邂逅。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，Maria成为村里受人尊敬的人物，以她的勇敢和智慧而闻名。A. mysterius神秘的；B. ignrant无知的；C. admired受钦佩的；D. generus慷慨的。根据后文“knwn fr her bravery and wisdm”可知，Maria以她的勇敢和智慧而闻名，所以是成为了村里受人尊敬的人物。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她继续探索雨林，始终怀着对自然的尊重。A. respect尊重；B. achievement成就；C. cntributin贡献；D. disrespect无礼。根据前文“he knew that Maria had learned valuable lessns abut respect and harmny.”可知，Maria学到了尊重与和谐，所以是始终怀着对自然的尊重。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：村民们受到Maria故事的启发，开始更加欣赏周围的环境，学会与雨林和谐相处。A. cnflict冲突；B. harmny和谐；C. explsin爆炸；D. nutritin营养。根据前文“In the heart f the Amazn rainfrest, there lies a small village where peple live in harmny with nature.”可知，村民与雨林和谐相处。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年后，她的精神遗产在那些听过她故事的人心中延续，也融入了雨林本身的灵魂之中。A. applicatin应用；B. fashin时尚；C. spirit精神；D. security安全。根据上文“The villagers, inspired by Maria’s stries, began t appreciate their surrundings mre, learning t live in 14 with the rainfrest.”提到村民们受到玛丽亚故事的启发，学会了与雨林和谐共处，由此可知她的精神在雨林中
流传了下来。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Researchers at University Cllege Lndn have discvered that regularly taking naps is ___36___ (benefit) fr the brain, helping t maintain its size and delay aging. Their study fund that nappers’ brains were 15 cubic centimetres larger than thse wh did nt nap, ___37___ is equal t delaying aging by between three and six years. Hwever, the scientists ___38___ (extreme) recmmend keeping naps t less than half an hur.
As we age the brain naturally becmes smaller, and ___39___ naps can prevent diseases such as Alzheimer’s remains a tpic fr further research. Overall brain health is f ___40___ (imprtant) fr prtecting against dementia, which is linked t disturbed sleep. Pr sleep can damage the brain ver time by causing inflammatin and ___41___ (affect) the cnnectins between brain cells. Therefre, regular napping may prtect against neurdegeneratin by making up fr the lack f sleep.
While napping might bst health, the ppsite is als true: pr health can lead t ___42___ (tired) and the need fr mre naps. ___43___ (prve) the benefits f napping, the researchers used a natural experiment based n DNA. They ___44___ (cmpare) genetic “nappers” with “nn-nappers” amng 35, 000 peple aged 40 t 69 wh participated in the UK Bibank prject. The results, published in the jurnal Sleep Health, shwed a significant difference ___45___ brain size between the tw grups, equal t 2. 6 t 6. 5 years f aging.
【答案】36. beneficial
37. which 38. extremely
39. whether
40. imprtance
41. affecting
42. tiredness
43. T prve

44. cmpared 45. in
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。本文主要是关于伦敦大学学院的研究人员对于午睡对大脑益处的研究发现。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：伦敦大学学院的研究人员发现，经常小睡对大脑有益，有助于保持大脑体积，延缓衰老。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，应是beneficial，构成固定搭配：be beneficial fr意为“有益于”。故填beneficial。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他们的研究发现，午睡者的大脑比不午睡者的大脑大15立方厘米，这相当于将衰老推迟了3到6年。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前文提到的事，在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，科学家们强烈建议将午睡时间控制在半小时以内。空处修饰空后的动词，用副词。故填extremely。
【39题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：随着年龄的增长，大脑自然会变小，小睡是否能预防阿尔茨海默病等疾病仍是一个有待进一步研究的课题。空处引导主语从句，从句中结构完整，根据句意，表达“是否”之意，用whether引导。故填whether。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：大脑的整体健康对于预防痴呆症至关重要，痴呆症与睡眠紊乱有关。空前是介词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，imprtant的名词形式是imprtance。故填imprtance。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间的推移，睡眠不足会引起炎症，影响脑细胞之间的联系，从而损害大脑。根据空前的and可知，空处和前文的causing并列，所以应填动名词作宾语。故填affecting。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：虽然打盹可以促进健康，但反过来也是正确的：健康状况不佳会导致疲劳，需要更多的小睡。空前的t是介词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，tired的名词形式是tiredness。故填tiredness。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了证明午睡的好处，研究人员使用了基于DNA的自然实验。本句已有谓语动词used，所以prve用非谓语形式，根据句意表目的，用不定式作目的状语，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填T prve。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：他们对参与英国生物银行项目的35000名年龄在40岁到69岁之间的人进行了基因“午睡者”和“不午睡者”的比较。本句是wh引导的定语从句，cmpare为主句谓语，根据participated
可知，用一般过去时。故填cmpared。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：发表在《睡眠健康》（Sleep Health）杂志上的研究结果显示，两组人的大脑大小存在显著差异，相当于衰老2.6至6.5岁。此处是固定搭配：difference in意为“在……方面的差别”。故填in。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校英语报的编辑将在英文报开设一个新的专栏，专门推荐一些经典英文好电影。请你根据以下提示给英语报写一封推荐信，推荐一部你喜欢的英文电影。
内容包括：1. 介绍电影的基本信息；2. 推荐这部电影的理由。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80词左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear editr,
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Yurs
Li Hua
【答案】Dear editr,
I’m writing t recmmend my favrite mvie, “The Shawshank Redemptin”, fr yur new mvie clumn. This 1994 classic, directed by Frank Darabnt, stars Tim Rbbins and Mrgan Freeman. It tells the stry f Andy Dufresne, a banker wrngly cnvicted f murder, and his unwavering hpe fr freedm.
The reasn I lve this mvie is its pwerful themes f hpe, friendship, and perseverance. It shws that n matter hw difficult life gets, as lng as we hld n t hpe, we can vercme any bstacle. The perfrmances are utstanding, and the stryline is bth tuching and inspiring. I believe it's a must-see fr all mvie lvers.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。校英语报的编辑将在英文报开设一个新的专栏，专门推荐一些经典英文好电
影，要求考生给英语报写一封推荐信，推荐一部喜欢的英文电影。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
推荐：recmmend→prpse
坚定的：unwavering→steadfast
展示：shw→display
鼓舞人心的：inspiring→encuraging
2. 句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：It tells the stry f Andy Dufresne, a banker wrngly cnvicted f murder, and his unwavering hpe fr freedm.
拓展句：It tells the stry f Andy Dufresne, a banker wh was wrngly cnvicted f murder, and hw he maintains his unwavering hpe fr freedm despite the circumstances.
【点睛】[高分句型1]The reasn I lve this mvie is its pwerful themes f hpe, friendship, and perseverance.(运用了省略关系词的定语从句)
[高分句型2]It shws that n matter hw difficult life gets, as lng as we hld n t hpe, we can vercme any bstacle.(运用了that引导的宾语从句和as lng as引导的条件状语从句)
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Why did she let ut my secrets?” I thught regretfully. I’ll always remember that day, when I was s surprised by all the strange lks everyne was giving me. Thse thughts will always stay with me. And I culdn’t believe I wuld lse the friendship f the persn I trusted the mst.
Five years back, Sally was the new kid in class. I dn’t knw what it was, but smething unique abut her drew me t her. She was the mst friendly persn I knew. We started as classmates. But after a few mnths, I fund we had a lt in cmmn and that we gt alng well with each ther. We were like best friends. S, I never expected her t hurt me in such a big way.
I dn’t knw what made me tell Sally abut my persnal life. She made the matter bigger than it was, adding her wn descriptin f it and telling everyne at schl. It hurt me seriusly. After she gave away my secrets, everyne at schl started laughing at me, lking at me and giggling (咯咯地笑) whenever I passed by. After this terrible situatin, I changed schls. Sally called me many times, but I didn’t answer. My heart was brken.
I tried hard t heal frm the scars (伤痕) she left n my heart. I started a new life. After five years, my life
went back t the way it was, with new friends. But ne day, I met Anna at the market. She was my classmate frm 3rd grade. She tld me that Sally wasn’t the ne wh brught my secrets t light. Mary was. Mary was ur schl’s big muth wh always wanted t stick her nse int ther peple’s business.
I was at a lss. I wished I culd have asked Sally abut this. I wished I culd g back in time and fix my mistakes. I was struggling. Maybe I shuld give Sally a call.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A few days later, I gathered the curage t pick up the phne.
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I have learned a lessn frm the experience.
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【答案】A few days later, I gathered the curage t pick up the phne. My heart punded as I dialed Sally’s number. When she answered, there was a mment f silence. Then, I tk a deep breath and said, “Sally, I heard the truth. I’m srry fr nt answering yur calls.” Sally’s vice was shaky as she replied, “I’m glad yu called. I’ve been s wrried.” We talked fr a lng time, and gradually, the ice between us began t melt.
I have learned a lessn frm the experience. Trust is fragile and nce brken, it’s hard t repair. But with cmmunicatin and understanding, there can be a chance fr peple t make up with each ther. This incident has taught me t be mre cautius in sharing my secrets and t give peple a chance t explain. We can’t always jump t cnclusins. Life is full f misunderstandings, and it’s up t us t find the curage t face them and wrk twards slving them.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。作者和莎莉是好朋友，作者把自己的秘密告诉给莎莉，然后，作者的秘密被泄露给他人，作者被他人嘲笑，作者认为是莎莉把自己的秘密告诉给他人。作者转学，莎莉多次给作者打电话，作者都没有接电话，作者感到受到伤害。后来，作者得知是玛丽泄露自己的秘密而不是莎莉。作者主动给莎莉打电话道歉，二人摒弃前嫌，言归于好。由此，作者体会颇深。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“几天后，我鼓起勇气拿起电话。”可知，第一段可描写作者给莎莉打电话道歉，通过交流二人摒弃前嫌，言归于好。
②由第二段首句内容“我从这次经历中吸取了教训。”可知，第二段可描写作者由这件事得到的教训和体会。
2.续写线索：打电话——道歉——重归于好——教训——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①怦怦地跳：pund/thump
②恢复；修复：repair/restre
③解决：slve/reslve
情绪类
①担心的：wrried/cncerned
②谨慎的：cautius/prudent
【点睛】
[高分句型1] My heart punded as I dialed Sally’s number. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] When she answered, there was a mment f silence. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句)