所属成套资源:2025学年外研新版教材初中英语七年级下册讲义+习题
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2025春学年外研新版初中英语七年级下册第三单元Unit 3 Food matters! 讲义
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这是一份2025春学年外研新版初中英语七年级下册第三单元Unit 3 Food matters! 讲义,共35页。
Unit 3 Food matters !单词解析Certain (形容词) 某个、某些【用法讲解】 certain作形容词,还可译为“确定的、肯定的、必然的”。 Eg: That we should stay together was certain. 我们应该呆在一起这是肯定的。After the Boston Tea Party, war with England seemed certain. 波士顿倾茶事件以后,与英国交战似乎是不可避免地。【常见搭配】 for certain 肯定地、确定无疑地 Be certain about sth. 对某事有把握、很确定 Be certain to do sth. 一定做某事 Certain event 必然事件 Certain areas 某些地区 Eg: A certain person called on me yesterday. 昨天有人来找过我。 Tuesday comes before Wednesday, for certain. 周二肯定在周三前。I am certain about the length of this video. 我很确定视频的长度。I promise I will be certain to finish the project on time. 我保证我一定会按时完成这个项目。The earthquake is a certain event. 地震是一个必然事件。Certain areas are affected by the storm. 某些地区受到风暴影响。【派生词】 certainly为副词,译为“确实地、当然” Eg: I’m certainly never going there again. 我肯定不会再去那里了。Mine (代词) 我的(东西)【用法讲解】 mine为名词性物主代词,作名词用,后不可接其它名词;mine也可作名词,译为“矿井”;也可作动词,译为“开采”。 Eg: The book on the desk is mine. 桌子上那本书是我的。The coal mine has been in operation for over fifty years. 这个煤矿已经运营了超过五十年。The company plans to mine for precious metals in the region. 这家公司计划在该地区开采贵金属。【派生词】 my为形容词性物主代词,译为“我的”,后面需接名词。 Eg: This is my new car. 这是我的新车。 Beef (名词) 牛肉【用法讲解】 beef为不可数名词。 Eg: My favourite meat is beef. 我最喜欢的肉是牛肉。【常见搭配】 boil beef 煮牛肉 Dried beef 牛肉干Carrot (名词) 胡萝卜【用法讲解】 carrot为可数名词,其复数形式为carrots。 Eg: I love eating carrots with butter and salt. 我喜欢吃胡萝卜加黄油和盐。【常见搭配】 a bunch of carrots 一捆胡萝卜 Eg: My mum bought a bunch of carrots this morning. 今天早上我妈妈买了一捆胡萝卜。Mutton (名词) 羊肉【用法讲解】 mutton为不可数名词。 Eg: We had roast mutton for dinner. 我们晚餐吃烤羊肉。【知识拓展】 pork 猪肉;lamb 羔羊肉; chicken 鸡肉;fish 鱼肉;duck 鸭肉; goose 鹅肉Fat (形容词) 肥胖的【用法讲解】 fat可为名词,译为“脂肪、肥肉”;fat也可为动词,译为“养肥、长肥”。 Eg: He is fat. 他很胖。The meat is full of fat. 这块肉全是肥肉。Eating too much fast food can make you fat. 吃太多快餐会使你发胖。【常见搭配】 put on fat 发胖 Get fat 变胖 Eg: You can drink water without getting fat. 喝水是不会使你发胖的。Hen (名词) 母鸡【用法讲解】 hen为可数名词,其复数形式为hens。 Eg: There are many hens in the farm. 农场里有许多母鸡。【知识拓展】 rooster 公鸡;chicken 小鸡;turkey 火鸡Pot (名词) (通常为金属制成的圆而深的)锅【用法讲解】 pot为可数名词,其复数形式为pots。 Eg: Is there any more tea in the pot? 茶壶里还有茶吗?【常见搭配】 hot pot 火锅 A pot of 一罐、一壶、一锅 A pot of warm chicken soup 一锅温暖的鸡汤 Coffee pot 咖啡壶 Eg: They drank a pot of coffee. 他们喝了一壶咖啡。 Onion (名词) 洋葱(头)【用法讲解】 onion表示具体的植物时为可数名词,其复数形式为onions;onion表示菜肴中的洋葱时为不可数名词。【常见搭配】 green onion 大葱 Eg: Heat the oil and add the onions. 把油烧热后加入洋葱。Pancake (名词) 薄煎(烤、烙)饼【用法讲解】 pancake为可数名词,其复数形式为pancakes。 Eg: She often has noodles and pancakes. 她经常吃面条和煎饼。Porridge (名词) 粥【用法讲解】 porridge为不可数名词。 Eg: I had porridge for breakfast. 我今天早饭喝粥。【用法讲解】 porridge with milk 牛奶粥 Make porridge 熬粥 Eight - treasure porridge 八宝粥 Eg: She likes to make porridge for breakfast every morning. 她每天早上都熬粥当早餐。Sweet (形容词) 甜的【用法讲解】 sweet可作名词,译为“糖果”时为可数名词,其复数形式为sweets;译为“甜食”为不可数名词。 Eg: This dessert is really sweet. 这个甜点真的很甜。I bought some sweets at the candy store. 我在糖果店买了一些糖果。Don't eat so much sweet. 不要吃如此多的甜食。【常见搭配】 have a sweet tooth 对甜食的喜爱 Sweet on sb. 喜欢某人 Eg: She has a sweet tooth. 她非常喜爱甜食。 You are sweet on her. 你喜欢她。Plain (形容词) 无装饰的、简单的、朴素的、单纯的【用法讲解】 plain也可为名词,译为“平原、平面”。 Eg: This is a plain white shirt. 这是意见朴素的白衬衫。 Please explain the sentence in plain English. 请用简单的语言解释这个句子。【常见搭配】 in plain sight 显而易见 It is plain that 从句 很明显... Plain rice porridge 素米粥 Eg: Some are apparently hiding in plain sight. 一些报道显然是在自圆其说。It is plain that he is not going to agree. 很明显他不会同意。Menu (名词) (尤指餐馆的)菜单【用法讲解】 menu为可数名词,其复数形式为menus;menu在特指某份菜单时,前面需加the。 Eg: I ordered a menu from the restaurant. 我在餐厅点了一份菜单。I will order the menu. 我将点那份菜单。The restaurant has several menus for different occasions. 这家餐厅有几份不同场合的菜单。Medicine (名词) 药、药物(尤指口服的药水)【用法讲解】 medicine为不可数名词,表示药物的总称。 Eg: The medicine is not for internal use. 这种药不可内服。【常见搭配】 take some medicine 吃药 Study medicine 学医 Eg: Take the medicine three times a day. 这个药每日三次。Than (介词) 比【用法讲解】 than常用于比较级中;后面常接名词、代词或动名词。 Eg: She is taller than me. 她比我高。Swimming is more interesting than running. 游泳比跑步更有趣。【常见搭配】 more than 多于 Rather than 而不是 No more than 仅仅;只是 Eg: There are more than 200 books on the shelf. 架子上有200多本书。I prefer to work rather than go to holiday to the seaside. 我宁愿工作也不愿去海滨度假。He is no more than an ordinary English teacher. 他只不过是个普通英语老师。Pill (名词) 药丸、药片【用法讲解】 pill为可数名词,其复数形式为pills。 Eg: The pills the doctor gave me aren’t working. 医生给我的药片不管用。【常见搭配】 take a pill 吃药片 Eg: I have a headache. I think I need to take a pill. 我头疼。我想要吃一片药。Remain (动词) 继续、依然(保持某种状态)【用法讲解】 remain作动词,也可译为“剩下、剩余”,后面可接名词、形容词或介词短语;remain也可为名词,译为“剩余物、遗迹”。 Eg: The main thing is to remain calm. 最重要的是保持冷静。They had all those that remained. 他们把剩下的全部拿走了。They went, but I remained. 他们走了,但我留了下来。She fed the remains of her lunch to the dog. 她把剩下的午饭喂狗了。【常见搭配】 remain to do sth. 继续做某事(动作尚未发生) Remain doing sth. 继续做某事(一个正在持续的动作) Eg: A lot of machines remained to be repaired. 还有很多机器需要修理。The boy remained standing outside. 那个男孩一直在外面站着。Another (限定词) 另一个、别的【用法讲解】 another为代词,通常指代前文已经提到的人或事物。 Eg: Time is another important consideration. 时间是另一个需要考虑的重要因素。【常见搭配】 one... another... 一个...;另一个... Another + 基数词 + 复数名词 再来一些... Eg: I have three toys. One is a car, another is a doll and a third is a ball.我有三个玩具。一个是小汽车,另一个是洋娃娃,第三个是球。Please give me another two apples. 请再给我两个苹果。【易混辨析】Other, the other, others, the others与another区别: Other “其他的;另外的”常作限定词使用,后面可以接名词 The other “两者中的另一个”为特指,常用结构为one..., the other... “一个...;另一个” Others 用于已知的一些人或物中,出去某些后余下的人或物中的一部分。译为“其他”为泛指,常用结构为some..., others... “一些...,另一些...”。Others = other + 可数名词复数The others用于指一定范围内出去一个或一部分后,余下的全部人或物。译为“其余的;其余全部”为特指,我们常用the others = the other + 可数名词复数 Another “另一个;再一个”为泛指,三者或三者以上中的另一个Eg: I can’t see you now -- some other time, maybe. 我现在不能见你 -- 也许别的时候吧。I have two brothers, one is a doctor, the other is a teacher.我有两个哥哥,一个是医生,另一个是老师。Some people came by car, others came on foot. 一些人开车来,另一些人走路来。Can you give me another chance? 你能再给我一次机会吗?Connection (名词) (两个事实、观点、事件等之间的)联系、关联【用法讲解】 connection表联系时为不可数名词,表示联运时为可数名词,其复数形式为connections。 Eg: The connection between the two places has been severed. 这两地的联系已被切断。Ted’s train was late so he missed the connection. 特德坐的那辆火车晚点了,因此他错过了联运。【派生词】 connect为动词,译为“连接、联合”等。【常见搭配】 connect ... to ... 把...和...连接起来 Connect with ... 和...保持联系 Eg: Make sure the device is connected to the Internet. 确保设备连接到互联网上。I’d like to connect with you again soon. 我希望能尽快再次和你联系。Prove (动词) 证明、证实【常见搭配】 prove sth. (to be) ... 证明某事是... Prove sb. (to be) sth. 证明某人... Prove (sth.) beyond a doubt 毫无疑问地证明 Eg: The test proved the theory to be incorrect. 测试证明了这个理论是错误的。He proved himself to be a worthy opponent. 他证明了自己是一个值得尊敬的对手。The DNA evidence proved his guilt beyond a doubt. DNA证据毫无疑问地证明了他的罪行。【派生词】 proof为名词,译为“证据” Eg: Do you have any proof of identity? 你有身份证明吗? Similar (形容词) 相似的、近似的、类似的【用法讲解】 similar也可作名词,译为“相似物”。 Eg: Our interests are similar. = We have similar interests. 我们的兴趣相似。 We found a similar problem in another project. 我们在另一个项目中发现了类似的问题。【常见搭配】 be similar to... 和...相似 Eg: He looks very similar to his brother. 他和他兄弟长得很像。【派生词】 similarity为名词,译为“相似物、相似” Eg: There is some similarity in the way they sing. 他们的演唱风格有点像。 Special (形容词) 特殊的、特别的【用法讲解】 special作形容词,也可译为“专门的、格外的”;special也可作名词,译为“特别的东西;特价(品)”。【常见搭配】 a special hospital 专科医院 Special education 特殊教育 Eg: She is a special friend of mine. 她是我一个特别的朋友。These teachers need special training. 这些老师需要专门的培训。There is something special about this place. 这个地方有几份特别。We have a special deal for our customers. 我们为顾客提供特价优惠。【派生词】 specially为副词,译为“特别地” Eg: The cake was made specially for her birthday. 这个蛋糕是特别为她的生日制作的。 Order (名词) 顺序、次序【用法讲解】 order作名词,也可译为“订单”;order作动词,也可译为“命令、订购”等。 Eg: The books are arranged in alphabetical order. 这些书按字母顺序排列。I placed an order for a new computer. 我订购了一台新电脑。The doctor ordered the patient to rest. 医生命令病人休息。I ordered 500 pairs of shoes from the factory. 我向这家工厂订购了500双鞋。【常见搭配】 in order to ... 为了... Out of order 故障或不正常 Eg: I study hard in order to get a good job. 我努力学习是为了找到好工作。The printer is out of order. 这台打印机坏了。Pie (名词) 水果馅饼、派【用法讲解】 pie为可数名词,其复数形式为pies。【常见搭配】 apple pie 苹果派 Eg: I want a slice of apple pie. 我想要一块苹果派。Delicious (形容词) 美味的、可口的【用法讲解】 delicious表示程度很深,有“非常”之意,前面通常不加very。 Eg: The delicious aroma of coffee filled the air. 空气中弥漫着咖啡的香气。Sandwich (名词) 三明治、夹心面包【用法讲解】 sandwich为可数名词,其复数形式为sandwiches。 Eg: Would you like a sandwich? 你想要一个三明治吗? Scramble (动词) 炒(蛋)【常见搭配】 scramble for ... 为...而争抢 Eg: She scrambled eggs for breakfast. 她炒了鸡蛋当早餐。They scrambled for the last ticket. 他们为最后一张票而争抢。 Circle (动词) 圈出【用法讲解】 circle也可作名词,译为“圆圈、圈子”。 Eg: Seagulls circled around above his head. 海鸥在他的头顶上盘旋。 Spelling mistakes are circled in red ink. 拼写错误都用红笔圈了出来。 Please draw a circle. 画一个圆圈。【常见搭配】 circle of friends 朋友圈 Draw a circle 画圆圈 Eg: She has a wide circle of friends. 她交友很广。Slice (名词) 片、薄片、切片【用法讲解】 slice也可为动词,译为“切成薄片”。 Eg: I had a thick slice of bread and syrup for breakfast. 早餐我吃了一片厚厚的涂了糖浆的面包。【常见搭配】 cut ... into slices 把某物切成薄片 Eg: Please cut these bread into slices. 请把这些面包切成薄片。Beat (动词) 搅拌、搅打【用法讲解】 beat作动词,也可译为“打败、跳动、敲击”等;beat也可作名词,译为“节拍”等。 Eg: Beat the eggs up to a frothy consistency. 把鸡蛋打成粘稠泡沫状。They beat the opponent in the game. 他们在比赛中击败了对手。My heart is beating fast. 我的心跳的很快。Who is beating the drum? 谁在敲鼓?The music has a fast beat. 这首音乐的节奏很快。【常见搭配】 beat all 意想不到、压倒一切 Beat down 打倒、杀价、大雨倾盆而下 Beat up 年久失修的、残破的 Eg: This is a beat all solution. 这是一个意想不到的解决方案。The rain beat down on the window. 大雨打在窗户上。The old car is beat up. 这辆旧车破旧不堪。Salt (名词) 盐、食盐【用法讲解】 salt为不可数名词;salt也可作动词,译为“给...加盐调味”。 Eg: He added a pinch of salt to his soup. 他在汤里加了一点盐。The chef salted the fish before cooking. 厨师在烹饪前用盐腌制了鱼。【派生词】 salty为形容词,译为“咸的、含盐的”。 Eg: The popcorn tastes salty. 爆米花尝起来是咸的。Pepper (名词) 胡椒粉【用法讲解】 pepper为不可数名词;pepper也可作动词,译为“在食物上撒胡椒粉”。 Eg: I’d like to add some pepper to the bean curd. 我想在豆腐里加点胡椒粉。He peppered the soup. 他在汤里撒了些胡椒粉。Oil (名词) (尤用于烹调或生存美容用品的)植物油、动物油【用法讲解】 oil为不可数名词;oil也可作动词,译为“加油、涂油、融化”。 Eg: The main course was swimming in oil. 主菜油汪汪的。He oiled his bike and pumped up the tyres. 他给自行车上了油,并给轮胎充了气。The leather may need to be oiled every two to three weeks. 这个皮革每两到三周需要涂点油。Pan (名词) (长柄有盖的)锅、平底锅【用法讲解】 pan为可数名词,其复数形式为pans。 Eg: She put an egg in the pan. 她把蛋放在平锅里。Add (动词) 添加、增加【用法讲解】 add作动词,也可译为“加法、补充”;add也可作名词,译为“添加物”。 Eg: Add tomato paste, salt and pepper to taste. 酌量添加番茄酱、盐和胡椒粉。Please add 5 and 8 to get the sum. 请将5和8相加,得到总和。【常见搭配】 add up 总计、加起来 Add to 增加 Add on 附加 Eg: Can you add up the expenses for this month? 你能把这个月的开支加起来吗?The rain only added to the difficulties of the journey. 雨只会增加旅程的困难。We decided to add on an extra day to our vacation. 我们决定在度假期间在增加一天。 Mixture (名词) (尤指烹饪中的)混合液、混合料 Eg: The city is a mixture of old and new buildings. 这座城市是新老建筑兼而有之。 Air is a mixture of gases. 空气是气体的混合物。【派生词】 mix为动词,译为“ 混合、搅拌”。 Eg: Mix the sugar and flour together in a bowl. 在碗里把糖和面粉混合在一起。【常见搭配】 mix ... with ... 把...和...混合在一起 Eg: I mixed the flour with water to make dough. 我把面粉和水混合在一起做成面团。Stir (动词) 搅、搅拌、搅动【用法讲解】 stir为动词,还可译为“激发、唤醒”;stir也可作名词,译为“骚动、轰动”。 Eg: Please stir a pot of soup. 请搅拌一锅汤。The news stirred up a lot of controversy. 这条新闻引起了大量争议。The music stirred up memories of his childhood. 这首歌唤起了他对童年的回忆。There was a stir in the crowd. 人群中有些骚动。The new movie caused quite a stir in the film industry. 这部新电影在电影界引起了轰动。【常见搭配】 stir up 激起、鼓动 Stir oneself 奋起、振作起来 Stir up trouble 挑起事端 Eg: He stirred up trouble between the two groups. 他在两个团体之间挑起了事端。You need to stir yourself and work harder. 你需要振作起来,更加努力工作。Don’t stir up any unnecessary trouble. 不要挑起任何不必要的麻烦。Until (介词) 直到......为止【易混辨析】 until与not... until区别 until表示某一动作或状态一直持续到until短语所表示的时间为止; Not... until表示动作在until短语所表示的时间之后才开始发生。 Eg: I will stay here until you come back. 我将待在这里直到你回来。He didn’t leave the office until he finished his work. 他完成工作才离开了办公室。 Golden (形容词) 金色的、金黄色的【用法讲解】 golden作形容词也可译为“极好的、成功的、美好的”。 Eg: The girl has golden hair. 那个女孩长着金发。This is a golden opportunity for me. 对我来说这是一个绝好的机会。【常见搭配】 golden hair 金发 Golden age 黄金时代 Golden yellow 金黄色【派生词】 gold为名词,译为“黄金、金币”。 Eg: There is a bag of gold in the box. 盒子里又一袋金子。 He won a gold medal last year. 去年他赢得了一块金牌。 Plate (名词) 盘、碟【用法讲解】 plate为可数名词,还可译为“薄片、地壳板块”等,其复数形式为plates。 Eg: Please put the cookies on a plate . 请把饼干放在盘子里。The plaque on the wall was made of a polished silver plate. 墙上的牌匾是由抛光的银版制成的。The movement of tectonic plates causes earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. 地壳板块的运动引发了地震和火山喷发。Loud (形容词) 大声的、喧闹的【用法讲解】 loud常常用来描述声音的强度和清晰度;也可用来描述环境或声音的嘈杂程度。 Eg: He spoke in a loud voice. 他大声地说。The party was very loud. 聚会非常吵闹。【派生词】 Loudly为副词,译为“大声地”; aloud为副词,译为“大声地、出声地”。 Eg: The audience laughed loudly. 观众们大笑起来。 I’ll read the text aloud first. 我先大声朗读一下课文。【易混辨析】 loud,aloud和loudly区别 Loud为形容词,侧重声音的音量和传远性;可与speak、talk、laugh等连用; aloud为副词,强调发出声音,常与read、think、call、shout等连用; loudly为副词,强调声音的强度和方式.,常用于描述各种嘈杂的声音。 Eg: Please speak louder -- I can’t hear you. 请讲大声点 -- 我听不见。He called aloud for help. 他大声呼救。The bell rang loudly. 钟声大声地响起。 Heat (名词) (烹饪或加热时的)温度【用法讲解】 heat为不可数名词,也可译为“激动、预赛”;也可作动词,译为“加热、使激动”。 Eg: The heat from the fire will soon dry your coat. 炉火的高温很快就会烘干你的上衣。They augured with great heat. 他们非常激烈地争论。He won the first heat, but lost the final. 他在预赛中赢了,但在决赛中输了。Please heat me some milk. 请给我热一些牛奶。【常见搭配】 heat up 变热、加热 Take the heat 承受压力 Eg: The oven takes a while to heat up. 烤箱得过会儿才能热起来。Can she take the heat of the competition? 你能承受比赛的压力吗?【派生词】 hot为形容词,译为“热的”。 Eg: The soup is too hot to eat right now. 汤太热了,现在不能喝。Firm (形容词) 结实的、坚实的【用法讲解】 firm也可为名词,译为“公司”。 Eg: We entertain a firm belief in the final victory. 我们对最后的胜利抱有坚定的信念。The runner has firm muscles. 那个赛跑运动员有一身结实的肌肉。When she left the firm, it was the end of an era. 她离开公司后,一个时代结束了。 Recipe (名词) 烹饪法、食谱【用法讲解】 recipe作为“食谱”时为不可数名词;作“方法、诀窍”时为可数名词。 Eg: I followed the recipe to make chocolate chip cookies. 我按照食谱做了巧克力曲奇饼干。The secret recipe for making this sauce is to add a pinch of sugar. 制作这种调味酱的秘诀是加一小撮糖。Ingredient (名词) (烹调用的)成分、食材【用法讲解】 ingredient为可数名词,其复数形式为ingredients。 Eg: Mix in the remaining ingredients. 掺入剩下的原料。Step (名词) 步骤【用法讲解】 step为可数名词,还可译为“脚步”,其复数形式为steps;step也可为动词,译为“踩、迈步”。 Eg: The president took immediate steps to stop the fighting. 总统立即采取措施阻止战斗。He took a step back and held the door open. 他后退一步,把门撑开着。You’re stepping on my foot. 你踩到我的脚了。【常见搭配】 take a step 采取措施 Step by step 逐步地 Step back 退后一步 Eg: Won’t you take a step into the lion’s den? 你不准备采取措施走入狮子巢穴吗?The project was completed step by step. 项目一步步地完成。He stepped back to avoid the collision. 他后退一步以避免碰撞。Diet (名词) 节食、规定饮食【用法讲解】 diet也可作动词,译为“节食”。 Eg: We need a balanced diet to keep healthy. 我们需要均衡的饮食来保持健康。 She is always dieting, but she never seems to lose any weight. 她总是在节食,但体重好像并未减少。【常见搭配】 go on a diet 开始节食 Put sb. on a diet 让某人节食 Keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食 Eg: He has been on a diet for 12 weeks. 他已经持续节食十二周了。The doctor put him on a diet because he is overweight. 医生让他节食,因为他超重了。It’s important to keep a balanced diet for good health. 保持均衡的饮食对健康很重要。Restaurant (名词) 饭店、餐馆【用法讲解】 restaurant为可数名词,其复数形式为restaurants。 Eg: There is a restaurant near my school. 我们学校附近有一家餐馆。【常见搭配】 go to a restaurant 去餐厅 Eg: Let’s go to a restaurant to have dinner. 让我们去餐馆吃完饭吧。Salad (名词) (生吃的)蔬菜沙拉【用法讲解】 salad在表示“沙拉”这种食物时为不可数名词;salad在表示“一份沙拉”时为可数名词,其复数形式为salads。 Eg: He eats nothing but salad. 他只吃沙拉。I’ll just take a small salad, please. 我只想要一小盆沙拉。【常见搭配】 fruit salad 水果沙拉 Green salad 蔬菜沙拉 Eg: I like to eat fruit salad in summer. 我喜欢在夏天吃水果沙拉。Hamburger (名词) 汉堡包【用法讲解】 hamburger为可数名词,其复数形式为hamburgers。 Eg: She gave me half of her hamburger. 她把她那个汉堡包的一半给了我。Snack (名词) (正餐以外的)小吃、点心【用法讲解】 snack为可数名词,其复数形式为snacks;snack也可作动词,译为“吃点心”。 Eg: I usually have a snack at lunchtime. 我通常中午吃点点心。I prefer to snack when I’m travelling rather than have a full meal. 我旅行时喜欢吃小吃而不吃正餐。【常见搭配】 grab a snack 随便吃点零食 Snack on sth. 持续吃某物 Eg: I’m feeling a bit hungry, I’m going to grab a snack from the vending machine.我有点饿了,我去自动售货机那弄点零食。She likes to snack on popcorn while watching movies. 她喜欢边看电影边吃爆米花。Border (名词) 边界、边境【用法讲解】 border为可数名词,其复数形式为borders;border也可为动词,译为“与...接壤”。 Eg: The border between two countries is the dividing line between them. 他们两国之间的边界是两者之间的分界线。The fields are bordered by tall trees. 田野四周都是高大的树木。【常见搭配】 on the border of 临近、将要 Border line 边界线 Eg: He is on the border of success. 他将要成功。 His army is stationed near the border line. 他所在的部队就驻扎在边防线附近。Western (形容词) (观念或方式)西方的、欧美的【用法讲解】 western常作定语,修饰名词。 Eg: England is a western country. 英国是一个西方国家。【派生词】 west为名词,译为“西方、西部”;也可为形容词,译为“西方的”。【常见搭配】 western region 西部地区 Western province 西部省份 The west of ... ...的西部 Eg: Developing Education is a key to the development of the western regions. 发展民族教育是西部大开发的重要基础。 He lives in the west of England. 他住在英国的西部。 The sun was sinking in the west. 太阳西坠。 The west end of the island 岛的西端Dessert (名词) (饭后的)甜点、甜食、甜品【用法讲解】 dessert在泛指“甜食”时是不可数名词,可以用some或any来表示数量;dessert在表示具体某种或多种甜食时,是可数名词,其复数形式为desserts。 Eg: Would you like some dessert? 你想要一些甜点吗?She ordered a chocolate cake for dessert. 她点了一个巧克力蛋糕作为甜点。Actually (副词) 事实上、实际上【用法讲解】 actually常常放在实义动词或动词之前,be动词之后;也可位于句首,相当于in fact。 Eg: I actually think that the economy is improving. 我真的认为经济状况正在改善。He was actually courageous. 他居然那么勇敢。Actually, I didn’t go. 事实上我没去上课。【派生词】 actual为形容词,译为“事实的、实际的”。 Eg: The actual nest is a work of art. 真实的鸟巢十分精致。【易混辨析】 actual、real和true区别 actual强调某事物是真实的、实际存在的,而非理论上的或假设的; real强调事物确实存在,非想象的或理论的; true强调某事物与事实相符或真实可靠。 Eg: The actual cause of this quake is still unknown. 这次地震的真正原因仍不清楚。That's where the real danger lies. 确实存在危险的地方。She gave a true account of what had happened. 她如实地讲述了发生的事情。Dynasty (名词) 朝代【用法讲解】 dynasty为可数名词,其复数形式为dynasties。 Eg: The stone structure dates back to the Ming Dynasty. 那座石结构建筑物可以追溯到明朝。【常见搭配】 the Tang Dynasty 唐朝 The Zhou Dynasty 周朝 The rise and fall of a dynasty 王朝的兴衰 Eg: The Tang Dynasty made Chang’an its capital. 唐朝建都长安。【派生词】 dynastic为形容词,译为“王朝的、朝代的” Eg: Song Dynastic Refugee Problem and Social Control 宋朝流民问题及其社会调控Store (动词) 贮藏、贮存、积蓄【用法讲解】 store也可作名词,译为“商店、储存物”。 Eg: I intend to build an elevator to store the corn I’ll harvest. 我打算建一个谷物仓库来储藏我将收获的玉米。They run a small grocery store. 他们经营一家小商店。She has a secret store of chocolate. 我私藏了一些巧克力。【常见搭配】 store information 储存信息Mean (动词) 意思是【用法讲解】 mean作动词,也可译为“意味着、打算”;mean也可作形容词,译为“吝啬的”。 Eg: What does this word mean? 这个字是什么意思?Silence means consent. 沉默就是同意。He meant no harm 他没有恶意。He is very mean with his money. 他在金钱上很吝啬。【派生词】 meaning为名词,译为“意思”【常见搭配】 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 Mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 The meaning of ... ...的意思 Eg: I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to. 我想去,但是我父亲不肯我去。Missing this train means waiting for another hour. 错过这辆火车意味着你得再等一小时。What's the meaning of this word? 这个字什么意思?Modern (形容词) 现代的、近代的【用法讲解】 modern作形容词,也可译为“时髦的”。 Eg: Stress is a major problem of modern life. 压力是现代生活中的主要问题。 I like classic cars so much more than modern ones. 比起时髦的汽车,我更喜欢经典名车。【派生词】 modernize为动词,译为“现代化”。 Eg: Modernize or bring up to date. 使现代化或跟上时代。【常见搭配】 modern technology 现代技术 Modern world 现代世界Folk (形容词) 民间的、民俗的【用法讲解】 folk也可为名词,译为“人们、亲属”。 Eg: She likes folk music very much. 她非常喜欢民间音乐。Some folk like beer and some don’t. 有的人喜欢啤酒,有的不喜欢。How are your folks? 你家人好吗?【常见搭配】 folk culture 民间文化 Folk tale 民间传说 Eg: The festival celebrates the rich folk culture of the region. 这个节日庆祝该地区丰富的民间文化。Tale (名词) 故事【用法讲解】 tale为可数名词,其复数形式为tales。 Eg: He told some fascinating tales about his life in India. 他讲了他在印度生活的一些奇闻轶事。【常见搭配】 tell tales 讲述故事、编造谎言 Fairy tale 童话 Tales of ... 关于...的故事 Eg: Fairy tales are often set in a magical world. 童话通常设定在一个神奇的世界里。I love listening to his tales of life at sea. 我喜欢听他讲述他的海上生活。Emperor (名词) 皇帝【用法讲解】 emperor为可数名词,其复数形式为emperors。 Eg: The emperor was a tyrant. 那皇帝是个暴君。Suffer (动词) (身体或精神上)受苦、遭受(痛苦)【用法讲解】 suffer也可为名词,译为“痛苦、折磨”。 Eg: As long as I am here, I won’t the child suffer. 只要有我在,就不能让孩子受苦。【常见搭配】 suffer from ... 遭受某种痛苦 Suffer due to ... 因某种原因而遭受 Suffer in silence 默默承受、忍受 Eg: She suffered from a bad cold last week. 上周她感冒了。Many families are suffering due to lack of access to clean water. 许多家庭由于无法获得干净的水资源而受苦。She suffered in silence rather than ask for help. 她选择默默承受,而不是寻求帮助。Stomach (名词) 胃【用法讲解】 stomach为可数名词,其复数形式为stomachs。 Eg: My stomach is still sore after the operation. 手术后,我的胃还在疼。【派生词】 stomachache为名词,译为“胃疼”。 Eg: I think she has a stomachache. 我觉得她肚子疼。【常见搭配】 empty stomach 空腹 Full stomach 饱腹 Stomach pain 胃痛Totally (副词) 完全地、彻底地【用法讲解】 totally常用来修饰形容词、副词或整个句子。 Eg: I’m totally happy. 我非常开心。She totally understands me. 她完全理解我。Totally agree. 完全同意。【派生词】 total为形容词,译为“完全的、总的”;total也可为名词,译为“总数、合计”。【常见搭配】 in total 总共 A total of ... 一共... Eg: There are ten books in total on the shelf. 书架上有十本书。 A total of 20 students attended the class. 共有20名学生参加了这堂课。Iranian (名词) 伊朗人【用法讲解】 Iranian也可为形容词,译为“伊朗的、伊朗人的”。 Eg: She is an Iranian. 她是一名伊朗人。Is this the result of the Iranian people’s wishes? 这是符合伊朗人民意愿的结果吗?【派生词】 Iran为名词,译为“伊朗”。 Eg: Iran has the gas and we need the gas. 伊朗有天然气,而我们需要天然气。Flat (形容词) 平的、平坦的【用法讲解】 flat也可作名词,译为“公寓”;flat亦可作副词,译为“水平地”。 Eg: The table has a flat surface. 这张桌子有一个平坦的表面。I live in a flat in London. 我住在伦敦的一套公寓里。He lay flat on the ground. 他平躺在地上。【常见搭配】 flat out 全速、尽全力 Flat share 合租公寓 Flat as a pancake 非常平坦 Eg: I was running flat out to catch the bus. 我全力以赴地跑去赶公交车。I live in a flat share with three other students. 我和另外三个学生共同租住一套公寓。The road is flat as a pancake from here to the next town. 从这里到下一个城镇的路非常平坦。Stone (名词) 石块、石子【用法讲解】 stone为不可数名词时,译为“石料、岩石、石头”等;stone为可数名词时,译为“石块、碎石”等;stone也可作动词,译为“用石头砸”。 Eg: The bridge is made of stone. 这座桥是由石头建造的。There is a pile of stones on the ground. 地上有一堆石头。He stoned the dog with a rock. 他用石头砸狗。【常见搭配】 kill two birds with one stone 一石二鸟、一举两得 Sticks and stones many break my bones 身正不怕影子斜 A heart of stone 铁石心肠Symbol (名词) (某一特征或思想的)代表、代表性人物(事物)【用法讲解】 symbol为可数名词,其复数形式为symbols;symbol作名词,还可译为“象征、符号”。 Eg: What is the chemical symbol for copper? 铜的化学符号是什么?【常见搭配】 a symbol of ... ...的象征 Eg: The dove is a symbol of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。American (形容词) 美国的、美国人的【用法讲解】 American也可作可数名词,其复数形式为Americans,译为“美国人”。 Eg: He spoke with an American accent. 他说话带着美国口音。He is an American. 他是一个美国人。【派生词】 America为名词,译为“美国”。 Eg: It’s the fifth time that I’ve been to America. 这是我第五次去美国了。Twin (形容词) 双胞胎之一的【用法讲解】 twin也可为名词,译为“双胞胎之一”;the twins译为“双胞胎”,作主语时谓语动词用复数。 Eg: The twins are from England. 这对双胞胎来自英国。【常见搭配】 twin sister 双胞胎姐妹 Twin brother 双胞胎兄弟 Eg: I can’t tell one twin from the other. 我分不出双胞胎中谁是谁。 I never knew you had a twin sister. 我一点都不知道你还有个双胞胎姐姐。Bridge (名词) (事物之间的)桥梁、纽带【用法讲解】 bridge为可数名词,其复数形式为bridges。 Eg: They decided to build a bridge across the river. 他们决定在河上建一座桥。 Cultural exchanges are a way of building bridges between countries. 文化交流是各国之间建立联系的纽带。Happen (动词) 发生【用法讲解】 happen为动词,译为“发生”;主语常常为事。 注意:happen不能用被动语态。【常见搭配】 sth. + happen + 地点/时间 “某地/某时发生了某事” Sth. + happen to sb. “某人发生了某事” Sb. + happen to do sth. “某人碰巧做某事” happen along 偶然遇到 Happen on/upon 偶然发现 Whatever happens 无论发生什么 Eg: An accident happened in that street. 那条街发生了一起事故。A car accident happened to him yesterday. 昨天他发生了交通事故。I happened to meet her in the street. 我碰巧在街上遇见她。 I happened along the bookstore and bought a new book. 我偶然路过书店买了一本新书。I happened upon a great deal while shopping. 我在购物时偶然发现了一个好交易。Whatever happens, I will support you. 无论发生什么, 我都会支持你。【易混辨析】 happen和take place的区别 happen通常用于描述偶然或突发性事件,强调事件的不可预测性和偶然性; Take place通常用于描述按计划或安排发生的事件,强调事件的计划性和预谋性。 Eg: An accident happened yesterday. 昨天发生了一起事故。 The meeting will take place next Monday. 会议将在下周一举行。课文解析Food matters. 食品问题。【用法讲解】 matter为动词,译为“有关系、重要”;matter也可为不可数名词,译为“物质、事情、问题、重要性”等。 Eg: It doesn’t matter what you wear to the party. 你去派对穿什么不重要。Water is a form of matter. 水是一种物质。The matter at hand requires immediate attention. 眼前的事情需要立即处理。Your opinion matters to me. 你的意见对我很重要。【常见搭配】 It doesn’t matter. 没关系。 What's the matter with ...? ...怎么了? No matter 无论、不管 As a matter of fact 事实上 Eg: What’s the matter with you? 你怎么了?No matter what happens, I’ll always be here for you. 无论发生什么,我都会一直在这里支持你。As a matter of fact, I have already finished it. 事实上,我已经完成了。Let’s explore the relationship between food and our lives. 让我们探索食物和我们生活之间的关系。【用法讲解】 知识点一:relationship为可数名词,译为“联系、关系”,其复数形式为relationships。 Eg: The relationship between the police and the local community has improved. 警察和当地民众之间的关系已经得到改善。【常见搭配】 human relationship 人际关系 Parent - child relationship/ family relationship 亲子关系 Eg: Human relationship was the main effect factor of mental stress. 心理压力的主要影响因素是人际关系。【派生词】 relation为名词,译为“关系、联系、亲戚”等。 Eg: The relation between the two countries has reached a crisis point. 两国关系已达到出现危机的地步。【易混辨析】 relationship与relation区别 relationship侧重两个或多个人或组织之间的互动、联系或关联,通常更加正式和具体; relation通常指家庭、亲戚、朋友之间的联系,也可指两个或多个事物之间的关系。 Eg: We need to establish a long - term relationship with our clients. 我们需要与客户建立长期的合作关系。知识点二: John and Mary have a close relation. 约翰和玛丽关系密切。Between为介词,译为“在...之间”。 Eg: Many changes took place between the two world wars. 两次世界大战之间发生了很多变化。【常见搭配】 between... and ... 在...和...之间 Eg: I sat down between John and Diana. 我坐在约翰和戴安娜中间。【易混辨析】 between和among区别 between通常用于两者之间,常与and连用; among主要用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间。 Eg: The gap between the two teams is significant. 两队之间的差距显著。 The village is located among the mountains. 村庄位于群山之中。 What is a signature dish? 什么是招牌菜?【用法讲解】 signature为名词,译为“签字、签名、明显特征、鲜明特色”等。 Eg: The manager’s signature on the check was required for it to be cashed. 支票上必须有经理的签名才能兑现。The brand’s signature color is a bold red. 该品牌的标志性颜色是鲜艳的红色。【常见搭配】 signature dish 招牌菜 Bear one’s signature 带有某人的签名 Eg: The chef’s signature dish is the spicy seafood pasta. 这位厨师的招牌菜是香辣海鲜意面。The painting bears the artist’s signature in the corner. 这幅画的角落里有艺术家的签名。【派生词】 sign可为动词,译为“签名、预示”;sign也可为名词,译为“记号、招牌、征兆”。 Eg: He signed his name on the cheque. 他在支票上签了名。All this signs rejuvenation of agriculture. 所有这些都预示着农业将复苏。The sign says “Parking Forbidden”. 告示牌上写着“禁止停车”。World trade is showing signs of revival. 世界贸易正显示出重新活跃的征兆。The taste and smell of a certain food can often bring back memories. 某种食物的味道和气味常常能唤起回忆。知识点一:【用法讲解】 Taste为名词,译为“味道、滋味”;taste也可为动词,译为“品尝”;taste亦可为系动词,译为“尝起来”,后面需接形容词或介词短语作表语。Eg: Sugar has a sweet taste. 糖有种甜甜的味道。 May I taste it? 我可以品尝一下吗?知识点二: The cakes taste delicious. 蛋糕尝起来很美味。Smell为名词,译为“气味”;smell也可作系动词,译为“闻起来”,后面常接形容词。Eg: There is a strange smell in the air. 空气中有一种奇怪的味道。知识点三: The fish smells bad. 这条鱼闻起来坏了。Memory为可数名词时,译为“记忆力”,其复数形式为memories;为不可数名词时,译为“记忆”。Eg: The boy has a good memory. 这孩子记忆力好。His name escaped my memory. 他的名字我记不起了。【常见搭配】 in memory of ... 为了纪念 Memory for... 对...的记忆 Eg: She set up the charitable trust in memory of her father. 她设立了慈善信托基金以纪念她的父亲。 Tom has a good memory for names. 汤姆对人的名字有很好的记忆。Do you have any favourite food memories? 你有最喜欢的食物回忆吗?【用法详解】 favourite为形容词,译为“最喜欢的”,后面常接名词,前面必须有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格;favourite也可为名词,译为“最喜欢的人/物”。Eg: favourite food 最喜欢的食物 Her favourite subject is English. = She likes English best. 她最喜欢的学科是英语。This book is my favourite. 这本书是我最喜欢的。【常见搭配】 what’s one’s favourite ...? 某人最喜欢的...是什么? One’s favourite ... is... ? 某人最喜欢的...是...Eg: -- What is your favourite music? 你最喜欢的音乐是什么? -- My favourite music is pop music. 我最喜欢的音乐是流行乐。She can do magic in the kitchen. 她可以在厨房里便魔法。【用法讲解】 magic为名词,译为“魔法”。 Eg: Older legends say that Merlin raised the stones by magic. 更为古老的传说称墨林使用巫术堆起了这些巨石。【常见搭配】 magic show 魔术表演 Eg: The children stood still watching the magic show. 那群孩子一动也不动站着看魔术表演。【派生词】 magician为名词,译为“魔术师”。 magical为形容词,译为“神奇的”。 Eg: The magician vanished in a puff smoke. 魔术师在一股烟雾中突然不见了。The woman went off at once to look for that magical seed. 那女人立刻去寻找那颗神奇的种子。I often wake up to the smell of porridge. 我经常在粥的香味中醒过来。【用法讲解】 wake为动词,译为“唤醒、叫醒”;【常见搭配】 wake ... up 叫醒... Eg: Please wake me up at six tomorrow morning. 请在明天早上六点叫醒我。 Tom usually wakes up early. 汤姆通常很早醒来。Other times, it’s porridge with pork and thousand - year - old eggs. 其他时候,它是猪肉粥和皮蛋粥。知识点一:【用法讲解】 time为可数名词时,译为“次数”;time为不可数名词时,译为“时间”。【常见搭配】 how many times 多少次 It’s time for sth. = It’s time to do sth. 到了做某事的时候 What time is it? = What’s the time? 几点了? Eg: How many times do you visit your grandparents in a week? 你一周看望爷爷奶奶多少次?知识点二:It’s time for dinner. = It’s time to have dinner. 到了吃晚饭的时候了。“数词 - year - old”译为“...岁的”,可以看作一个形容词性的单词,常常位于名词前作定语修饰名词;而“数词 + years old”则为短语,译为“...岁”,常常位于be动词之后。 Eg: She is a six - year - old girl. 她是一个六岁的女孩。She is six years old. 她六岁了。【知识拓展】 我们也可以用“at the age of ...”来表示“在...岁”。Eg: She started to learn English when she was eight years old. = She started to learn English at the age of eight. 她八岁开始学英语。 Each kind of porridge tastes great in its own way. 每种粥都有其独特的味道。知识点一:【用法讲解】 Kind为名词,译为“种类”;kind也可为形容词,译为“善良的”。【常见搭配】 a kind of ... 一种...... all kinds of ... 各种各样的... Each kind of ... 每种... Many kinds of... 许多种类的... Different kinds of ... 不同种类的... Kind of + 形容词 有点... Eg: There are all kinds of books in the library. 图书馆中有各种各样的书。 She is a kind girl. 她是一个善良的女孩。知识点二:The little panda is kind of cute. 这个小熊猫有点可爱。 Own为形容词,译为“某人自己的”;own也可为动词,译为“拥有”。【常见搭配】 one’s own + 名词 某人自己的... On one’s own 独自地、靠自己 Eg: This is my own room. 这是我自己的房间。 She decided to learn to drive on her own. 她决定自学开车。 He owned a new car. 他拥有一辆新车。For me, however, it’s the best food in the world. 对我来说,这是世界上最好的食物。【用法讲解】 However在此句中表示转折,意为“但是”等。可位于句首、句中或句末,常用逗号与句子其它成分隔开;however表示让步,意为“无论如何”“不管怎样”,用来修饰形容词或副词,词序为:however + 形容词或副词 + 主语 + 谓语。Eg: However cold it is, he always goes swimming. 不管天气多冷,他总是去游泳。 My room is small, however, it’s comfortable. 我的房间很小,但却很舒服。Now I’m studying away from home. 现在我在外地上学。知识点一:【用法讲解】 Study为动词,译为“学习、研究”;study也可作名词,译为“学习、书房”等。 Eg: He started to study English at the age of six. 他六岁开始学英语。He studied the question carefully before they made the decision. 他认真研究了一下问题,才做出决定。 He has made great progress in his English studies. 他在学习英语方面进步很多。Mr. Smith is reading in his study. 史密斯先生在书房内看书。【常见搭配】 study hard 努力学习 History study 历史研究 Reading study 阅览室【易混辨析】 study和learn区别 study强调学习的过程,常用于科学、艺术和需要深入探讨的问题及学科; learn侧重学习的成果,强调从不知到知、从不会到会的过程,通常用于获取知识和技能。 Eg: He is studying at Beijing University. 他在北京大学学习。He learned traditional Chinese medicine from a famous Chinese doctor.知识点二:他在跟随译为著名的中国医生学习中医。Away from...译为“远离...”;用来描述人或物离开某地或某状态。 Eg: He walked away from the house. 他离开了房子。 She tried to run away from her problems. 她试图逃避她的问题。How to cook scrambled eggs with tomatoes 如何烹饪西红柿炒蛋【用法讲解】 “疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构用来询问某件事的具体细节。 Eg: First, you need to know how to do the mixing. 首先,你需要知道如何混合材料。Can you tell me where to go? 你能告诉我去哪吗?Cut two tomatoes into slices 把两个西红柿切成片。【用法讲解】 cut为动词,译为“切、割、剪”等。 Eg: He cut himself a great thick slice of cake. 他给自己切了厚厚的一大片蛋糕。 He cut the cake into pieces. 他把蛋糕切成片。【常见搭配】 cut off 切断、中断 Cut down 削减、砍倒 Cut in 插嘴、超车 Cut out 切断、删去 Cut up 切碎、抨击 Eg: The power was cut off. 电力中断了。We shouldn’t cut down the trees all the time. 我们不应该一直砍树。“Not true,” she cut in. “不是真的”她插嘴道。I listened to the programme and found they’d cut out all the interesting stuff. 我听到了这个项目,返现他们删去了有趣的东西。She cut up the carrots and put them in the pot. 她切碎了胡萝卜,把它们放在罐里。Turn off the heat when the eggs feel/ taste firm but not hard. 当鸡蛋摸起来/吃起来凝固但还不硬时,关火。【易混辨析】 Turn ... off 关闭(常指关掉自来水、电灯及家用电器等) Turn... on 打开(常指开灯或打开家用电器等) Turn down 把声音调低、拒绝 Turn up 把声音调高、出现 Eg: You must turn off the light when you go to bed. 你应当在你睡觉前关灯。I want to watch TV, can I turn it on? 我想要看电视,我能开吗?Don’t forget to turn down the volume when you leave the room. 当你离开房间时,别忘了调低音量。He has turned down the letter. 他拒绝了信。Don't worry, it will turn up. 别担心,它会出现的。I can't hear the music clearly, please turn up the radio. 我听不清音乐,请把收音机声音调高。Huangdi Neijing mentioned the importance of a balanced diet. 《黄帝内经》就提到了均衡饮食的重要性。知识点一:【用法讲解】mention为动词,译为“提到、说到”。 Eg: John mentioned her name in the speech. 约翰在演讲中提到了她的名字。Don’t mention it before the children. 不要在孩子面前提及此事。【常见搭配】 mention sth. to sb. = mention to sb. that从句 向某人提及某物 Mention doing sth. 提及做某事 Don’t mention it. 不客气。 Eg: He didn’t mention anything to me. 他没有向我提到任何事。She mentioned to me that she was going on vacation. 她向我提及她要去度假。知识点二:She mentioned doing her homework every day. 她提到她每天做作业。Importance为不可数名词,译为“重要性”。【常见搭配】 the importance of ... ...的重要性 Eg: I realized the importance of learning English. 我认识到学习英语的重要性。【派生词】 important为形容词,译为“重要的”。知识点三: Eg: This is an important book for students. 这本书对学生来说很重要。balanced为形容词,译为“平衡的”。 Eg: Keep a balanced diet. 保持均衡的饮食。【派生词】 balance为名词,译为“平衡”。【常见搭配】 keep the balance of 保持...的平衡 Lose one’s balance 失去平衡 Eg: Only in this way can we keep the balance of nature. 只有以这种方式才能保持生态平衡。You must have a balanced diet, otherwise your health will lost its balance.你必须保证饮食平衡,否则你的身体健康就失调了。The book suggested people eat different foods. 这本书建议人们食用不同的食物。【用法讲解】 suggest为动词,译为“建议”。【派生词】 suggestion为可数名词,其复数形式为suggestions。【常见搭配】 suggest doing sth. 建议做某事注意:suggest后接that从句,从句中谓语动词用原形。Eg: I suggest that you ask for advice. 我建议你咨询建议。 She suggested going shopping this afternoon. 她建议今天下午去购物。 I have some suggestions for improving the project. 我有一些关于改进项目的建议。【知识拓展】Advice为不可数名词,译为“建议”,可以用much, a little等词修饰;advice的动词形式为advise,译为“建议”。【常见搭配】 a piece of advice 一条建议 Some advice 一些建议advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 Eg: I need some advice about how to learn English. 我需要一些关于如何学英语的建议。She advised me to go there by bus. 她建议我坐公交车去那。In modern times, the first dietary guidelines came out in 1968 by the Swedish government. 在现代,第一份饮食指南于1968年由瑞典政府发布。【用法讲解】 come out在此处译为“出版”,也可译为“出现、结果是、揭露、升起、冲洗出来”。 Eg: Her new book came out last month. 她的新书上个月出版了。The stars come out at night. 星星在晚上出现。The test results came out positive. 测试结果呈阳性。He finally came out about his past. 他终于公开了他的过去。The sun comes out every morning. 太阳每天早上升起。The photos came out really well. 中篇冲洗得非常好。Disagree about what makes a healthy meal. 对于什么构成了健康餐食,我们意见不一。【用法讲解】 disagree为动词,译为“不同意、不一致”。【常见搭配】 disagree with sb. 不同意某人看法 Disagree to do sth. 不同意做某事 Eg: He disagreed with his parents on most things. 他在多数事情上都与父母意见不一。I disagree to take this job. 我不同意接受这份工作。【派生词】 agree为动词,译为“同意、赞成”。 Eg: I agree with your suggestion. 我同意你的建议。Girl’s opinion 女孩的意见【用法讲解】 opinion为可数名词时,译为“看法、意见”,其复数形式为opinions。 Eg: We had a difference of opinion over who had won. 我们在究竟是谁获胜的问题上发生了争执。【常见搭配】 opinion of sb./ sth. 对某人/事有意见 In ones’ opinion 在某人看来 Eg: He has a high opinion of himself. 他对自己评价很高。 In my opinion, you are wrong. 在我看来,你错了。It’s junk food. It’s high in fat and salt. 它是垃圾食品。它富含油脂和盐。【用法讲解】 high为形容词,译为“高的”;high也可为副词,译为“高地、高价地”。 Eg: This doctor received high praise from everyone. 这位医生受到所有人的高度赞扬。Prices are expected to rise high this year. 预计今年的价格将大幅上涨。【派生词】 height为名词,译为“高度”。 Eg: The height of the building is ten meters. 这座楼的高度是十米。【易混辨析】 high和tall区别 high用于描述不与地面接触的物体或抽象概念的高度; tall用于描述人、动物或无生命物体的垂直高度。 Eg: It is a tall tree. 这是一棵高高的树。 The mountain is very high. 这座山很高。Too much fat and salt is bad. 太多的脂肪和盐不好。 【易混辨析】too many, too much, much too, so many和so much区别:Too much 译为“太多的”,修饰可数名词复数形式;Too much 译为“太多的”,修饰不可数名词或动词;Much too 译为“太...”,修饰形容词或副词;So many 译为“如此多”,修饰可数名词复数形式;So much 译为“如此多”,修饰不可数名词。Eg: I have too many questions to ask. 我有太多的问题要问。 My mother has too much homework to do today. 今天我妈妈有许多家务要做。 It’s much too hot today. 今天太热了。 Thanks for sending me so many photos. 谢谢你寄给我这么多照片。Eating carrots will give you better eyesight. 吃胡萝卜会让你的视力更好。【用法讲解】 eating carrots为动名词,常常用来表示经常性、习惯性的动作,作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。 Eg: Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真得很有趣。Many people see it as a Western dessert. 许多人认为它是西方的甜点。【用法讲解】 see... as...为固定搭配,译为“把...看作...”,后面接名词或形容词作宾语补足语。 Eg: I see this toy as my best friend. 我把这个玩具看作是我最好的朋友。【易混辨析】 read、watch、see与look区别:Look “看”,是不及物动词,强调“看”的动作,后面常加介词at,构成短语look at...Look 也可单独使用,其后不需加任何词,用来引起他人注意,常用于现在进行时中。See “看见;看到”强调看的结果。常用于看电影、戏剧、展览等,也可以译为“理解、明白、看望”等意思。Watch “观看、注视”多用指感兴趣的观看某物,如电视、比赛等Read “阅读”,主要用于看书、报纸、杂志等和纸张有关的带有文字的东西Eg: Look at my new book. “看我的新书。” Look! The boy is reading a book. 看!那个男孩正在读书。 You can see many birds in the tree. 你可以在树上看到许多鸟。 I see. 我懂了。 I like watching football matches. 我喜欢看足球比赛。The girl likes reading boos very much. 这个女孩非常喜欢读书。It just means “ice cream” in English. 在英语中,它的意思就是“冰淇淋”。【用法讲解】 “in + 语言”为固定搭配,表示使用某种语言进行某种活动。 Eg: He made a speech in English. 他用英语发表演讲。Let’s sing this song in Chinese. 让我们用中文唱这首歌。【易混辨析】 in,by和with在表示“使用”时区别 in后面常接某种语言,表示使用某种语言; by后接doing,表示通过某种方式或手段; with后接工具,表示使用某种工具或手段来进行某种活动。 Eg: I can read it in English. 我可以用英语来阅读它。I improve my English by reading aloud. 我通过大声朗读来提高我的英语。I cut paper with the knife. 我用刀切纸。The rest is history. 其余的就是历史了。【用法讲解】 rest在此处为名词,译为“休息”或“剩余部分”;rest还可为动词,译为“休息”.【常见搭配】 have a rest 休息一下 The rest of + 名词/代词 剩余的... 注意:the rest of作主语时,谓语动词根据其后名词决定。 Eg: You need a good rest. 你需要好好休息一下。 You should rest your eyes after a lot of reading. 在大量阅读之后,你应该休息一下你的眼睛。Don’t work so hard, Have a rest at times. 工作不要太累,时常休息一下。The rest of the books are boring. 剩下的书很无聊。The rest of oil is not enough. 剩下的油不够。People often compare roujiamo to hamburgers, a symbol of American food.人们常把肉夹馍和汉堡包(美国食物的象征)相比较。【用法讲解】 compare为动词,译为“比较”。【常见搭配】 compare A with B 把A与B进行比较 Compare A to B 把A比作B Compare to/ with ... 与...相比 Eg: Parents shouldn’t compare their children with others. 父母不应该把他们的孩子和其他孩子进行比较。 Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。 Compared with/ to him, I’m just a beginner. 和他相比,我就是个初学者。Why is it popular in different countries? 为什么它在不同的国家流行?【用法详解】 popular为形容词, 译为“受欢迎的”。 Eg: Playing basketball is a popular sport in China. 打篮球在中国是一项受欢迎的运动。【常见搭配】 be popular with sb. 受某人的欢迎 Eg: This music is very popular with young people. 这种音乐很受年轻人喜爱。Food bears our happy memories. 食物承载着我们美好的回忆。【用法讲解】 bear为动词,译为“承受、承载、生产、生育、负担”;bear也可为名词,译为“熊”。 Eg: I can’t bear the noise. 我受不了这种噪音。The table can’t bear much weight. 这张桌子承受不了多少重量。The apple tree will bear fruit this year. 这棵苹果树今年会结果。She has borne three children. 她生了三个孩子。He bears a heavy workload. 他承载着繁重的工作量。There is a bear in the woods. 树林里有一只熊。【常见搭配】 bear in mind 记住 Bear with 耐心对待 Bear fruit 产生结果 Eg: Please bear in mind that deadline is next week. 请记住截止日期是下周。Bear with me for a moment while I find the right file. 请等我一会儿,我找到正确的文件。All our hard work has finally borne fruit. 我们所有的努力终于有了成果。语法解析一、系动词(一)系动词的含义: 连系动词是动词的一种,本身有一定的含义,但在句中不能独立作谓语,须与后面的表语构成“系表结构”.注意:系动词后常加形容词。Eg:The bed feels comfortable. 这张床感觉很舒服。(二)系动词分类持续类 持续类系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度。词类系动词主要有:keep, stay, remain等。Eg: You must do more exercise and stay healthy. 你必须多做运动保持健康。表象类 表像类系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念。此类系动词主要有:seem(好像;似乎);look(看起来)等。Eg: What’s wrong with Tony? He looks worried. 托尼怎么了?他看起来很担心。 He seems happy to go to the park. 他似乎很开心去公园。感官类 感官类动词表示有意识或无意识的感觉,后面常跟形容词作表语。这类词主要有:feel(感觉起来);smell(闻起来);taste(尝起来);sound(听起来)Eg: The shoes feels comfortable. 这双鞋感觉很舒服。 The milk smells sour. 牛奶闻起来酸了。 The soup tastes delicious. 汤尝起来很美味。 The music sounds wonderful. 音乐听起来很优美。感官动词后可加like,再加名词。Eg: She looks like her mother. 她看起来像她的妈妈。变化类 变化类系动词表示由一种状态转变成另一种状态的结果。这类词主要有:become(变得);get(变得); go(变;成为); grow(渐渐变得); turn(变成)等。Eg: The actor becomes famous. 这位男演员变得很有名。 The leaves on the tree is turning yellow. 树上的树叶变黄了。 The days get longer and longer in summer. 夏天天变得越来越长。 The apples go bad. 苹果变坏了。The pollution problem is growing serious. 污染问题变得严重。名词性物主代词物主代词表示所有关系的代词,是人称代词的属格形式。分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词:my我的;your你的;his他的; her她的; its它的; our我们的; your你们的; their他们的名词性物主代词: mine我的; yours你的; his 他的; hers 她的; its它的; ours 我们的; yours 你们的; theirs 他们的物主代词用法:形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特性,在句中作定语,后面接名词。 名词性物主代词具有名词的特性,在句中作主语、表语或宾语。Eg: (1) This is my book. = This book is mine. 这是我的书。 (2)--Is this pencil yours or hers ? 这只铅笔是你的还是她的?-- It’s mine. Hers (= her pencil) is in her bag. 它是我的。她的在她包里。名词性物主代词主语时,谓语动词的数随所指代的人或物的数而定。Eg: -- Whose books are these ? 这些书是谁的? -- They are his. Yours are over there. 它们是他的。你的书在那边。写作话题:Write a short paragraph about a food across borders.* 提示:1. What is the food? 2. Where did it come from? 3. Where did it go? 4. Why is it popular in different countries?* 写作步骤 定文体(记叙文)、人称(第一、三人称)、时态(一般现在时、一般过去时)* 范文: Do you know what dish is the most popular in the cold winter in China? I know it’s hot pot. Hot pot is a Chinese tasteful folk dish. No matter in the north or in the south, people like hot pot very much and every region has its local features. For example, Sihuan hot pot is hot while Guangdong hot pot is famous for its freshness. Usually, there is a metal hot pot in the middle of the table. When the soup in the pot is kept simmering, dishes are put into the pot. Beef, mutton, fish and vegetables are the main dishes. It is very popular in winter because it can keep the dishes warm all the time. And the atmosphere is hot, too. Nowadays, hot pot is still a very popular Chinese food, and foreign friends like it very much. It has also become a “bridge: to maintain and communicate emotions between people. There’s nothing that a hot pot meal can’t fix! If so, two meals! Have a hot pot with a friend you haven’t seen for a long time!