2025届高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题三完形填空第二讲规避五大易错点课件

这是一份2025届高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题三完形填空第二讲规避五大易错点课件，共55页。PPT课件主要包含了A slipped，C sink，D barely，A rescue，B panic，D safety，C swim，B grabbed，D candy，C why等内容，欢迎下载使用。
　　完形填空是考生得分率较低的题型，也是高考的拉分题目，所以这类题对于考生来说分分都要争，每分都要保，力争得满分。主要有以下几个原因会导致失分：①解题信息比较隐蔽；②干扰项迷惑性较强；③文中人物的情感态度较难把握；④惯性思维所致。针对这些情况，考生除了需要具备扎实的语言功底外，还应提升思维品质和推理能力。考生在做完形填空题时不要急于求成，而是要三思而后决断，尽力规避以下易错点。
易错点一　因缺乏全篇关联思维抓不住文章主线而错选　　完形填空的考查点依附于语篇，而语篇具有连贯性，绝不能局限于某一句或某一句群，这就要求考生要理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理，然后进行准确的推理和判断，从而做出正确的选择。对于此类题目，一定要坚持一个原则——不急于解答，根据上下文综合考虑再做判定。
[典例1] (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)I've been mtivated—and demtivated—by ther flks' achievements all my life.　　When I was a teenager, a neighbrhd friend 41.wn a marathn race. Feeling mtivated, I started be hnest, I 44.hated it！Between the girl making my 45.achievement seem small and the pure bredm f jgging, I decided that the nly 46.reasn I'd ever run again is if a big dg was running after me!
　　S I 47.turned t 'd never faced such 51.challenges．That day, I gt 52.passed by abut 100 “lcal” bikers wh were used t such rads. When I gt back hme, suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as 53.appealing．　　I've 54 a lt since then. I've cme t accept that whatever 55.gals I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.54．A．traveledB．matured C．missedD．wrried
[解析]　通读文章可知，在生活中，作者受到了他人的成就的激励作用以及消极作用，青年时期作者受朋友的激励而开始跑步，但后来因遇到更厉害的跑步者和感到跑步的无聊而放弃，后来又想骑自行车，但发现也技不如人而最终放弃。通过跑步和骑行这两件事情，作者已经逐渐意识到目标应针对自身而设，因此作者成熟(mature)了很多。如果考生缺乏全篇关联思维，抓不住文章主线，很容易错选C(失去了很多)。
[典例2] (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)When I decided t buy a huse in Eurpe ten years ag, I didn't think t lng. I liked traveling in France, but when it came t picking my favrite spt t 41 ， Italy was the clear winner.　　During my first visit t Italy, I 42.struggled t ask fr directins r rder in a I made Italy my permanent hme, I discvered hw 46.warm－hearted Italians are.41.A．studyB．rent C．visitD．settle
[解析]　上文“I liked traveling in France”和下文“During my first visit t Italy”很容易给考生造成一种错觉，认为作者在选择自己最喜欢的旅游目的地。但通读全文，尤其根据首句以及下文“After I made Italy my permanent hme, I discvered hw 46.warm－hearted Italians are.”可知，作者是想在欧洲定居(settle)，而不仅仅是在欧洲旅游。
易错点二　因词汇理解障碍而错选　　在完形填空的设题上，课标词汇中较为生僻的单词以及由课标词组成的较生僻的短语近几年也逐渐出现在选项中，而这些较难词汇大都是易被忽视的单词。它们的拼写和词义较为复杂且难记，在语篇中的考查数量相对较少。一旦涉及，考生往往见难生畏、望而却步。另外，完形填空中出现越来越多由课标词派生而来的词，此类词并非是生词，而是对课标词汇的延伸，需要考生掌握一定的构词法知识，学会通过构词法巧推词义。
考查角度一般为派生词的常见词缀(un-，in-， im-， dis-， re-，-ly, -less, -ness, -ful等)的意义、词类转化(动词用作名词、名词用作动词或形容词)和合成词等构词法知识。考生在备考时要对照课标词汇表查漏补缺，多积累由课标词组成的生僻词汇，做到课标词汇无遗漏。
[典例3] (2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)After sme gdbyes, I asked Gerge and his wife t help me enxinlong.comd Tiffy int the plane. I prmised t take care f Tiffy and 52.call them as sn as we gt t Kansas City.　　The flight was 53 ， and Tiffy was a great passenger.The next day, she 54.flew with Karen and made it back t Gerge in Virginia within a few days.53．A．unnecessary　　B．unexpected C．unavidableD．uneventful
[解析]　根据下文“and Tiffy was a great passenger”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。uneventful平静无事的。本题的难度在于对uneventful的理解，学习该词时可以这样记忆：un不＋event事件＋ful形容词后缀→不可能发生的事件，注定是平凡的，没有刺激来促进事件的发生→uneventful平静无事的。做题时，很多考生可能因为词汇理解障碍而错选失分。
[典例4] (2023·浙江卷1月) 49.Finally, Ziyad gt clse t the hive which was arund 20 metres abve the grund.Sitting n a branch，he 50 twards it and blew smke frm his trch int a tiny hle in the hive. Suddenly，Ziyad let ut a sharp cry. Within secnds, he'd 51.slid dwn the trunk and was back n the grund.50．A．backed　B．dived　 C．shuted　D．inched
[解析]　根据上文可知，齐亚德是在离地面约20米的树顶上采集蜂蜜，因此他应该是小心翼翼地朝着蜂箱缓慢移动。inch一般作名词用(英寸)，是一个长度单位，但在此处是作动词用，意为“(使朝某方向)谨慎移动”，对于考生而言，这一含义较为生僻，较难选出正确答案。
易错点三　因不能正确区分形近词(组)或近义词(组)而错选　　完形填空题选项中经常会出现一些形近词(组)或近义词(组)让考生辨析，因为形式相近或意义相近，无形中增加了难度，如果考生掌握得不好或没有着眼于语篇的意义就很容易选错。
[典例5] (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) I've been mtivated—and demtivated—by ther flks' achievements all my life.　　When I was a teenager, a neighbrhd friend 41.wn a marathn race. Feeling mtivated, I started running 42 ， but then tw things happened.42．A．regularlyB．silently C．prudlyD．recently
[解析]　本题中，四个选项形式相似、词性相同，部分考生容易因混淆而失分。考生可以利用逻辑分析法解题。结合上文语境可知，作者受到了邻居的激励，因此应是开始定期(regularly)跑步。regularly定期地；silently默默地；prudly骄傲地；recently最近。
[典例6] (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Each twn has its wn traditinal 50.dish, and every family keeps a recipe passed frm ne generatin t anther. Families 51.gather fr big meals n Sundays, birthdays, and whatever ther excuses they can 52 . These meals are always 53.accmpanied by laughter and jy.52．A．put up with　　B．stand up fr C．cme up withD．make up fr
[解析]　本题中四个选项都是“动词＋副词＋介词”的词组，部分考生很容易因混淆而失分。本题可以利用逻辑分析法解题。根据上文可知，每个小镇都有自己传统的菜肴，家家户户都有祖传的食谱。家人会在星期天、生日以及其他时刻聚在一起享用大餐。除了星期天、生日之外，人们还会想出(cme up with)各种“借口”来聚餐。cme up with想出，想起。
易错点四　因不明一词多义或熟词生义而错选　　在最近几年的完形填空中，对于一词多义或熟词生义的考查屡见不鲜，这往往也是考生容易忽视的地方。很多考生由于不懂这些熟词的“生义”而出现思维堵塞，造成失分。或者考生可能熟悉这些词的多个词义，但在语篇的具体语境中常常混淆这些词义。所以，要确定该词的确切词义，就必须具体到语境，弄清楚该词在语境中的意义。
[典例7] (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)During my first visit t Italy, I 42.struggled t ask fr directins r rder in a restaurant. But every time I tried t 43 a sentence f Italian tgether, the lcals smiled at me and 44.praised my language skills.43．A．string　B．hang　　　 C．mixD．match
[解析]　根据上文语境可知，作者问路或点餐很费力，再结合空后的tgether可知，作者努力把句子串起来(string)。string n．细绳，带子；琴弦 v．用……穿起来；串起来，串成一串。string属于一词多义，本句用的是动词用法。如果词义混淆的话，容易错选。
[典例8] (2024·全国甲卷)Brn just befre WWⅡ， my grandmther 43.experienced an entirely different childhd lifestyle frm nly pprtunity (机会) she culd seize t 47.study was when her brther was having Chinese 48.lessns with the family tutr. She wuld sit quietly at the far end f the lng dinner table, listening 49 . This training taught her t read and write her Chinese upside dwn—a skill that has turned ut t be quite 50.practical, especially whenever we share the newspaper.49．A．clsely　B．directly　 C．nervusly　D．freely
[解析]　根据上文语境可知，奶奶的哥哥在上中文课时，奶奶总是仔细(clsely)听着。clsely作为副词时熟义为“接近地，严密地”，本句中用的生义“仔细地”。
易错点五　因惯性思维而错选　　在英语学习中，考生的母语、知识面、思维习惯等都有可能令考生产生一些思维定式。考生在学习单词、词组或习惯用语时，受到思维定式的影响，只记中文意思，而不深刻理解实际用法和英汉用法之间的细微差异。完形填空解题中因惯性思维而失分常有以下两种情况：
　　1．学习单词时受到的思维定式影响。学生往往过于简单化地记忆单词的中文意思，而忽略实际用法及英汉差异。例：fail t d sth.表示“没做成某事”，而表达“成功做某事”时则不能用succeed t d sth.，要用succeed in ding sth.。解题时要关注语境、含义、用法及词形转化。　　2．学习词组或习惯用语时受到的思维定式影响。学生在学习词组时容易受到思维定式影响。例：在学习了wait fr后，有些学生在遇到wait后面接介词时，就选择fr。但在“He stpped his car t wait at the red light.”中用at而不用fr。解题时要注意文章结构、上下文逻辑关系，进行整句理解和整段把握。
[典例9] (2024·全国甲卷)I guess ur different childhd backgrund is what makes my grandmther such an amazing persn t 59.talk t：her stries always make my histry textbks 60 ．60．A．cme trueB．cme rund C．cme utD．cme alive
[解析]　根据上文语境可知，作者和奶奶不同的童年背景使奶奶成为一个令人惊叹的聊天对象，奶奶的故事总是让作者的历史教科书栩栩如生(cme alive)。但学生易受思维定式影响，可能看到histry textbks就下意识地选择cme ut(出版发行)这个固定搭配，从而误选。
[典例10] (2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ) After sme gdbyes，I asked Gerge and his wife t help me enxinlong.comd Tiffy int the plane. I prmised t take care f Tiffy and 52.call them as sn as we gt t Kansas City.　　The flight was 53.uneventful, and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 54 with Karen and made it back t Gerge in Virginia within a few days. He was s 55.thankful and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great t knw that I had helped bring this family tgether again.
54．A．returned　B．fught　 C．flew　D．agreed[解析]　根据上下文语境可知，作者带着蒂菲到达了堪萨斯城，后面的行程由凯伦带着蒂菲继续飞(fly)往弗吉尼亚。但学生受思维定式影响，可能看到with就下意识地以为选择agree with这个固定搭配，从而误选。
Test 1  　　(2024·广东六校9月联考)There is n way they just drve int that water, thught Crin Evans. The 16-year-ld teenager was 1________________ with friends near the Pascagula River when a car with three teenage girls inside accidentally 2__________ ff the rad int the river and started t 3__________ sme 20 feet away frm land.
B. hanging ut
　　It was arund midnight in July. In the 4____________， Evans and his friends culd 5____________ figure ut the girls hlding n t the rf, the nly part f the car still abve water. But they culd hear 6____________ fr help.
D. darkness
B. screaming
　　Evans tk ff his shirt and shes withut 7__________， diving int the water. He helped the first girl he saw and led her t the shre. Then, he jumped back int the river t 8__________ anther f the girls. But halfway back t the bank, she was s 9__________ as t g underwater, pulling Evans dwn with her. Evans fught his way and pushed her t 10__________.
C. hesitatin
　　There was still ne girl in the water. Watsn, 19, culd nt 11_________. She was swallwing water, scared, 12___________ t stay aflat. “I just knew my last breath was cming and I began t g under. Then, a shake. Evans 13_________ me，” Watsn said later. 　　The three girls were rushed t the hspital and well 14__________. Evans risked his life t save them, but he said he had n ther 15__________________．
【语篇解读】　文章讲述了一名叫埃文斯的十六岁少年勇敢地在河中救出三个女孩的故事。
A. Struggling
D. attended
C. alternatives
1．A．checking ut　B．hanging ut C．staying upD．breaking upB　根据下文with friends near the Pascagula River可知，埃文斯当时正和朋友在河边闲逛(hang ut)。2．A．slippedB．develped C．stayedD．skippedA　根据上文“There is n way they just drve int that water, thught Crin Evans.”可知，她们不可能直接把车开到河里，说明车是从公路上滑(slip)到河里的。
3．A．expseB．tremble C．sinkD．flatC　根据下文“Evans and his nly part f the car still abve water.”可知，车已经下沉(sink)到河里。4．A．silenceB．nise C．sadnessD．darknessD　根据上文“It was arund midnight in July.”可知，当时是七月的午夜时分，说明当时天很黑(darkness)。
5．A．casuallyB．nearly C．instantlyD．barelyD　根据上文“It was arund midnight in July.”可知，事故发生的时候是午夜时分，埃文斯和他的朋友们勉强(barely)能看清当时的情况。6．A．whisperingB．screaming C．cmplainingD．claimingB　根据上文“when a car with three teenage girls inside accidentallyff the rad int the river”可知，女孩们的车沉入了水中，埃文斯听到了女孩们的求救声(scream)。
7．A．assumptinB．explanatin C．hesitatinD．permissinC　根据上文“Evans and his nly part f the car still abve water”可知，当时车已经快要沉入水底了，情况非常紧急，埃文斯为了救人毫不犹豫(hesitatin)地跳入水中。8．A．rescueB．deliver C．liberateD．releaseA　根据上文“Then, he jumped back int the river”可知，埃文斯跳回河中去救(rescue)另一个女孩。
9．A．anxiusB．panic C．cautiusD．awkwardB　根据下文“as t g underwater, pulling Evans dwn with her”可知，第二个女孩太惊慌(panic)了，以至于又潜下水并把埃文斯也拉下水。10．A．healthB．independence C．strengthD．safetyD　根据下文“There was still ne girl in the water.”可知，埃文斯把第二个女孩推到了安全的地方(safety)。
11．A．driveB．escape C．swimD．surfC　根据下文“She was swallwing water, scared, _____t stay aflat.”可知，华生不会游泳(swim)。12．A．strugglingB．wrrying C．wanderingD．imprvingA　根据上文“Watsn, 19, culd nt _____．”可知，华生不会游泳，在水中挣扎(struggle)着保持漂浮。
13．A．tuchedB．grabbed C．attachedD．detectedB　根据上文“Then, a shake.”可知，华生在将要下沉时感到晃动，说明埃文斯抓住(grab)了她。14．A．adjustedB．educated C．prtectedD．attendedD　根据上文“The three girls were rushed t the hspital”可知，三个女孩被送到了医院，她们被很好地照顾(attend)。
15．A．actinsB．challenges C．alternativesD．chancesC　根据上文“Evans tk ff his shirt and shes withut ____， diving int the water.”可知，埃文斯毫不犹豫地跳下河救人，说明当时情况紧急没有其他的选择(alternative)。
Test 2  　　(2024·泰安一模)I was in Washingtn cvering a cnference. Hwever, I came acrss a curius-lking 1__________ shp with its dr partly pen.
　　Citizens here said it had been like that 2__________ as lng as they culd remember, but n ne knew 3__________．“Maybe the wner is just lazy，” I 4_____________ the shady entrance, eager t find ut the reasn. A(n) 5____________ “Welcme！” came frm a man's vice. And ut walked Mr. Smith, the 90-year-ld 6__________ f this candy shp which I suddenly realized had 7__________ candies. Mr. Smith explained the place was a candy stre pened by him 50 years ag, but his energy 8__________________ in ld age s he sld nthing fr lng.
A. every day
A. apprached
B. enthusiastic
D. faded away
　　I admired Mr. Smith's lng excellent service in the area. He had a 9__________ attitude t life. I asked Mr. Smith why his stre frnt was in such a state. Mr. Smith, smiling, replied, “I 10__________ a bag by the dr that a custmer left tw years ag. Hnestly I want t just 11__________ the stre, but because the bag's wner might cme by 12_________ fr it, I keep the dr pen just a little bit.” I was mved t tears by Mr. Smith's shckingly 13__________ deeds. I then lked dwn, and sure enugh there was a small bag n the cunter with a paper that read, “14__________ Item.”
　　I left the shp feeling better abut humanity and was glad there are peple like Mr.Smith living the gd life and keeping 15_________ frever.【语篇解读】　作者讲述了自己在华盛顿遇到的一次温暖的经历。一位糖果店店主因年岁变大，精力有限，想要关掉店铺。但两年前有一位顾客把包遗忘在店里，店铺虽然不再开门营业，但店主每天都把门半开，等待着顾客来寻找他的包。
1．A．clthingB．fd C．fruitD．candyD　根据下文this candy shp、a candy stre可知，这是一家糖果(candy)店。2．A．every dayB．ccasinally C．every nightD．recentlyA　根据上文“shp with its dr partly pen”可知，人们对这家店铺不营业却每天(every day)半开着门的情况很好奇，但不知道为什么(why)。
3．A．whenB．where C．whyD．hwC　参见上题解析。4．A．apprachedB．left C．brkeD．ignredA　根据语境可知，作者走近(apprach)店铺，想要探究原因。
5．A．fficialB．enthusiastic C．elegantD．humbleB　根据下文“I admired Mr. Smith's lng excellent service in the area.”可知，多年来店主的服务态度非常好，应该对顾客是很热情的(enthusiastic)。6．A．supplierB．wner C．custmerD．emplyeeB　根据下文“Mr. Smith explained the place was a candy stre pened by him 50 years ag”可知，史密斯先生是糖果店的店主(wner)。
7．A．manyB．sme C．variusD．nD　根据下文“s he sld nthing fr lng”可知，这家糖果店现在并没(n)有糖果。8．A．brke ffB．calmed dwn C．went upD．faded awayD　根据语境可知，老人想要关闭店铺，应该是因为他的精力衰退(fade away)。
9．A．pessimisticB．psitive C．humrusD．clB　根据语境及上下文可知，老人的生活态度是积极的(psitive)。10．A．buyB．sell C．keepD．exhibitC　根据语境可知，店主是帮忙保存(keep)着两年前顾客遗忘在店里的包。
11．A．manageB．exchange C．penD．clseD　根据语境可知，史密斯想要关闭(clse)店铺，但因为担心失主回来找(lk fr)包才半开着门。12．A．lkingB．paying C．chargingD．lngingA　参见上题解析。
13．A．unbelievableB．sweet C．ddD．sensibleB　根据语境可知，作者被史密斯善良的(sweet)行为感动了。14．A．RecmmendedB．Fund C．LstD．DesertedB　根据语境可知，纸上写着“捡到的(fund)物品”。