北师大版高中英语必修第三册unit8：A SURVEY REPORT专题写作讲义（含答案）

这是一份北师大版高中英语必修第三册unit8：A SURVEY REPORT专题写作讲义（含答案），共4页。
专题写作讲义2：A SURVEY REPORT（Unit8）一、文体特点“报道” 属于应用文体，旨在向读者传递某一事件、活动、现象等的真实信息。它通常具有以下特点：客观性：基于事实，不掺杂个人情感与偏见，如实呈现发生了什么、何时何地发生、涉及哪些人等。例如在报道一场校园运动会时，只陈述比赛项目、参赛选手成绩、现场观众反应等客观情况，不会加入 “我觉得某位选手最棒，其他人都比不上” 这类主观评判。准确性：时间、地点、数据、人物身份等细节必须精准。像报道科技成果发布会，提到新技术提升的效率数据，要保证数据来源可靠、数值正确，以免误导读者。时效性：聚焦当下新鲜事，让读者快速了解近期动态，所以多采用一般过去时叙述已发生之事，但涉及背景信息、普遍现状时可用一般现在时。如报道城市新开的图书馆，开幕时间用过去式，而图书馆的常规开放时间、藏书类别等用现在时。二、结构框架标题：简明扼要概括报道核心内容，吸引读者注意力，通常含关键事件或主题关键词，例如 “School Art Festival Draws to a Successful Close”（校园艺术节圆满落幕）、“Volunteer Activity in the Community Lights up Elderly Lives”（社区志愿活动点亮老人生活）。导语：开篇第一段，是报道 “窗口”，用一两句话点明事件的主体、时间、地点、大致结果，引发读者继续阅读兴趣，如 “On Saturday, May 10th, a thrilling basketball match took place on our school playground, attracting hundreds of students and teachers, and ultimately the senior team clinched the victory.”（5 月 10 日周六，一场激动人心的篮球赛在我校操场举行，吸引了数百师生，最终高年级队赢得胜利。）主体：展开阐述事件全貌，可按事件发展顺序或重要程度排序。若报道校园歌手大赛，可依初赛、复赛、决赛进程描述，包括选手表现亮点、评委评价、观众欢呼热度；也可先重点讲冠军得主惊艳全场的演唱，再回溯其他选手精彩之处与赛事筹备细节。常分段叙述，每段围绕一个中心，如一段写比赛流程，一段写参与者反馈。段落间用过渡词衔接，像 “Furthermore”“In addition”“Meanwhile”，使行文连贯。结尾：总结事件影响、意义或展望未来。以环保公益活动报道为例，结尾可写 “This activity not only effectively raised public awareness of environmental protection but also inspired more people to take action in daily life, and similar initiatives are expected to be held regularly to create a greener world.”（此次活动不仅有效提升了公众环保意识，还激励更多人在日常生活行动起来，期待类似活动定期举办，共创绿色世界。）三、语言要点词汇运用动词精准：描述动作细节，报道体育赛事用 “dash（猛冲）”“slam dunk（扣篮）”“outperform（胜过）”；文艺演出用 “enchant（使陶醉）”“render（表演，呈现）”“captivate（吸引）”。名词恰当：涉及人物身份、场所、物品，校园报道有 “campus（校园）”“dean（院长）”“canteen（食堂）”；社会新闻用 “venue（场地）”“authorities（当局）”“pedestrian（行人）”。形容词生动：展现氛围、特征，热闹场景用 “boisterous（喧闹的）”“lively（充满活力的）”；科技创新成果用 “groundbreaking（开创性的）”“revolutionary（革命性的）”。句式多样简单句清晰表意：“The exhibition opened at 9 am.”（展览上午 9 点开幕。）陈述关键时间点。复合句丰富层次：“The students who participated in the debate competition showed remarkable eloquence and quick thinking, impressing both the judges and the audience.”（参加辩论赛的学生展现出非凡口才与敏捷思维，给评委和观众都留下深刻印象。）含定语从句补充参赛学生特点；“Because of the bad weather, the outdoor concert was postponed until next week, which disappointed many music lovers.”（由于恶劣天气，户外音乐会推迟到下周，这让许多音乐爱好者失望。）用原因状语从句和非限定性定语从句说明因果与结果影响。被动语态强调客观：“A series of safety measures have been taken by the local government to ensure the smooth running of the festival.”（当地政府已采取一系列安全措施确保节日顺利进行。）突出措施实施主体与动作承受对象，隐去执行者时也常用，如 “Many ancient artifacts were discovered during the archaeological excavation.”（考古挖掘中发现许多古代文物。）四、写作步骤审题立意：仔细读题，圈出关键信息，确定报道主题（如校园科技节、社区救助行动）、受众（同学、市民、专业人士等），依此定写作口吻、选取合适语言风格与细节深度。谋篇布局：依结构框架规划，列提纲写下标题、导语要点、主体分段内容、结尾总结方向，如报道校园运动会，主体分竞赛项目亮点、运动员拼搏故事、观众热情支持三段。撰写初稿：依提纲填充内容，按事件逻辑展开，注意语言要点运用，边写边核对信息准确性，描述场景想象身临其境之感，让读者有画面感。检查修改：语法上查时态一致、主谓一致、从句结构；词汇看用词是否贴切、有无重复，替换简单词；语句通顺度层面，读全文调拗口句子，衔接不紧处补过渡词；信息核实有无错漏关键事实。五、范文及赏析A Report on the School Reading WeekLast week, from May 15th to May 21st, our school held a wonderful Reading Week activity, which aimed to cultivate students’ love for reading and create a strong academic atmosphere.The event kicked off with an inspiring opening ceremony on the school playground. The principal delivered a passionate speech, emphasizing the significance of reading in personal growth and academic pursuit. After that, various activities were carried out in an orderly manner. In the classroom reading sharing sessions, students actively recommended their favorite books, sharing the profound insights and touching stories they had gained from reading. The school library also extended its opening hours and organized a book fair, where a rich collection of classic and contemporary books were exhibited, attracting numerous students to explore and borrow.What’s more, a series of reading competitions, including reading aloud contests and knowledge quizzes about literary works, added excitement to the week. Contestants showed their excellent reading skills and profound literary knowledge, winning rounds of applause from the audience. The reading corners set up in every corner of the campus provided quiet havens for students to immerse themselves in books during breaks.This Reading Week was a great success. It not only enhanced students’ reading enthusiasm but also broadened their horizons. Many students expressed that they had discovered new interests and would continue to explore the world of books in the future. It is expected that more such meaningful activities will be held regularly to make reading an essential part of our school life.点评：内容：涵盖全面，开篇点明读书周时间、目的，主体按活动开展顺序，详述开幕式、阅读分享、图书展览、竞赛、阅读角等多样活动，结尾总结活动对学生影响及展望未来，完整呈现校园读书周全景。紧扣主题，各环节围绕 “读书”，通过学生、校长、图书馆等多方参与展现读书氛围营造，无冗余信息。结构：符合报道规范，导语引出读书周，主体分述活动，结尾总结升华，段落衔接自然，如用 “What’s more” 推进到新活动介绍，逻辑清晰连贯。语言：词汇丰富，“inspiring”“passionate”“profound” 等形容词生动，“kick off”“extend”“immerse” 等动词精准，还有 “a series of”“numerous” 等短语多样表达。句式多元，简单句如 “The principal delivered a speech.” 表意直接；复合句 “Our school held a Reading Week activity, which aimed to...” 含定语从句；被动语态 “The school library also extended its opening hours” 客观描述，提升文章可读性。高考写作试炼假设你是校报记者，上周末你们学校举办了一场以“科技点亮未来”为主题的科技节，请你写一篇报道，介绍科技节的时间、地点、主要活动（如科技展览、机器人竞赛、科普讲座等）以及同学们的参与热情，不少于 120 词。参考词汇：科技节 Science and Technology Festival；科技展览 science exhibition；机器人竞赛 robot competition；科普讲座 popular science lectureLast weekend, our school witnessed an exciting Science and Technology Festival themed “Technology Lights up the Future” on the school playground. It lasted for two days. The science exhibition was a visual feast, displaying the latest inventions. The robot competition was full of thrills as robots dashed and turned flexibly. Meanwhile, popular science lectures broadened our knowledge. Students flocked to every activity, their eyes shining with curiosity. They actively interacted with presenters, asking questions. It was truly a festival that inspired everyone’s passion for science.近期，你们社区组织了一次大型环保公益活动，包括垃圾分类宣传、公园垃圾清理、环保手工制作等环节。你作为参与者，请写一篇报道描述这次活动，谈谈活动的目的、过程以及给社区带来的积极影响，词数 100 - 150。参考词汇：环保公益活动 environmental public welfare activity；垃圾分类 garbage classification；垃圾清理 garbage cleaningRecently, our community organized a large environmental public welfare activity. The aim was to raise residents’ awareness of environmental protection. First, volunteers gave out brochures about garbage classification in the neighborhood. Then, we headed to the park for garbage cleaning. Everyone was busy picking up litter. After that, we made handicrafts from recycled materials. This activity not only made the community cleaner but also got more people involved in protecting the environment. It brought a positive change to our living space.学校一年一度的文化交流周刚刚落下帷幕，期间有各国传统服饰展示、异国美食体验、国际学生交流论坛等精彩项目。假如你是校园广播电台记者，请写一篇报道，向全校师生介绍此次文化交流周的概况，包括活动时间、特色项目及意义，字数在 130 左右。参考词汇：文化交流周 Cultural Exchange Week；传统服饰 traditional costumes；异国美食 exotic food；交流论坛 exchange forumJust now, our school’s annual Cultural Exchange Week came to an end. It was held from Monday to Friday. During the week, the display of various countries’ traditional costumes was dazzling, showing rich cultures. The exotic food experience allowed us to taste flavors from around the world. The international student exchange forum was the highlight, where students shared ideas freely. This event enhanced our understanding of different cultures and promoted friendship. It was a wonderful week that broadened our global vision.