人教版英语八下 Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum？单元知识清单（Section A&B)

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Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?单元知识清单Section B基础知识清单二、知识点清单知识点①：thousands of＂数以千计的；许许多多的＂。thousand数词，意为＂一千＂，当前面有具体数字时，其后不加-s，不和of连用；若表示一个不确切的数字，且前面没有具体数字，其后要加-s,且与of连用。This cost them five thousand dollars. 这花了他们5,000美元。Thousands of birds are flying to the south. 成千上万只鸟儿正飞往南方。【知识拓展】　知识点②：three quarters意为＂四分之三＂。英语中的分数表达法为：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于一时，分母要用复数形式。1/3 one third 2/3 two thirds 1/2 a half或one second3/4 three fourths或three quarters 1/4 one/a quarter或one fourth 【知识拓展】 当分数作主语,谓语动词的单复数取决于它代表的名词。In China,two thirds of the tea is produced in the south.在中国三分之二的茶叶是在南方生产的。In our class,two thirds of the students are girls.我们班三分之二的学生是女生。知识点③：have problems (in) doing sth表示＂做某事有困难＂,相当于have difficulty (in) doing sth./have trouble (in) doing sth.。problems/difficulty/ trouble前面可以加修饰词some, any, little, great, no, a lot of等。We had some problems digging out the big stones. But we did it.我们把这些石头挖出来有困难。但还是做到了。知识点④：—Me neither. 我也没去过。 这里Me neither.是Neither have I.的口语化。“Neither+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语.”表示主语的情况与上述否定句中所说内容一样,是省略句型,Me neither.是Me, too.的否定形式。neither用于否定句表示“也不”。He is not a doctor. Me neither./Neither am I.他不是医生。我也不是。 —He has never been to Beijing.他从来没有去过北京。—Me neither./Neither have I.我也没去过。注意：Me neither.的上一句应为否定句。Me, too.的上一句应为肯定句。【知识拓展】知识点⑤：It’s really interesting, isn’t it? 那里真的很有趣，不是吗？本句是反意疑问句,又叫附加疑问句,是在陈述句后对陈述的事实提出的疑问。基本结构：肯定陈述句+否定附加疑问否定陈述句+肯定附加疑问She speaks English very well, doesn’t she?她英语讲得很好,不是吗?He can hardly stand, can he?他几乎站不了,是吗?当前面的陈述部分有表示否定意义的词如few, little（少）, never, no等时，其后的附加疑问部分应该用肯定形式。We have little water, do we? 我们几乎没有水了，对吗？【知识拓展】知识点⑥：I learned about the inventions that led to color movies, too. 我还了解了一些发明，它们成就了彩色电影。此为含有定语从句的复合句。that led to color movies是由that引导的定语从句，修饰前面的先行词inventions。其中that在定语从句中作主语，不能省略。 The bag that lies on the ground is hers. 地上的那个包是她的。（2）learn about意为“了解；获知”，与learn of同义，后面接所获知的具体内容。He reads a lot to learn about the history of Europe. 他大量阅读来了解欧洲的历史。三、单元写作【话题分析】本单元的话题是“有趣的地方”，该话题主要涉及曾经旅行过的旅游胜地、城市或国家等。常见的考查角度有两个：1.介绍某一地区(hometown)的情况(如位置、人口、面积、历史、名胜、气候、景观和美食等)， 体裁以说明文为主，时态多为一般现在时；这类文章一般包括三段。开头是总体介绍，引出主题；中间是正文，具体介绍此地的特色如著名的建筑、风景名胜等；第三部分是结尾。2.谈论自己过去到某地旅行的经历，表达曾经经历过某事 体裁以记叙文为主，时态多用一般过去时和现在完成时have ever been to…表达某人曾经去过的地方，用一般将来时表达对将来的期望。【典型例题】美丽南通，魅力如皋。如皋是一座美丽的历史文化名城。假如你是李明，请根据以下内容，用英语为如皋网站写一篇短文，向他人介绍一下美丽城市——如皋。注意：1. 词数90左右，文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2. 内容须包括所给要点，可适当发挥，条理清楚、语句连贯；3. 文中不得出现真实人名、校名等信息。Hi! Let me introduce my hometown to you. Rugao is a famous historic and cultural city._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【写作步骤】【详解】[整体分析]①题材：本文是一篇说明文；②时态：采用“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”；③提示：要求包含所有提示内容，并适当发挥。[写作步骤]第一步：阐述家乡的地理位置和历史文化；第二步：阐述家乡的过去和现在；第三步：阐述自己的感受。【高分模板】 Hi! Let me introduce my hometown to you. Rugao is a famous historic and cultural city. It lies in the middle of Jiangsu Province and owns all kinds of natural resources. It has many places of interest with a long history, attracting many visitors throughout the country. The local culture and food are also the highlights of the tourism.In the past, Rugao was polluted heavily. Both of the sides of the street were full of rubbish, which made the city dirty. Also, a great deal of waste pollution was poured into the rivers and lakes. But at present, many changes have taken place in my hometown. The rivers are much clearer than before. An increasing number of plants and animals turn up at times.In my opinion, I feel glad to see these changes. I am firmly convinced that with our joints, my hometown will be better and better.【名师点评】[亮点词汇]①in the middle of在……中间②all kinds of各种各样③be full of充满[高分句型]①It has many places of interest with a long history, attracting many visitors throughout the country.（非谓语动词）② Both of the sides of the street were full of rubbish, which made the city dirty.（定语从句）③But at present, many changes have taken place in my hometown.（现在完成时态）【素材积累】1. 位置（location）be located/situated in/on/at/to; lie in/on/at/to in the center of; in/to/on the east of 2. 面积(area) cover/have an area of…; with an area of … It is …long/wide (from east to west).3. 气候(climate) The climate varies/is different from place to place neither too hot nor too cold4. 交通(transportation)It is very convenient for… The best /nearest way to … is…It takes…to take a taxi/bus/walk from … to …5. 人口(population)have/with a (large) population (of…) The population of…is……percent of the population are…6. 历史(history)have/with a history of…years date from/ date back to7. 资源(resources)be rich/wealthy in; with abundant resources be famous/well-known for/as…mainly produce… The main agricultural products are…8. 景色(scenery)is known as/ is famous for/is home to places of interestscenic spots特色(character) The place is famous for… The special character of the place is… Something special in the place is…【小试身手】（2）北京是中国的首都，2022年北京冬季奥林匹克运动会吸引了更多的外国人关注、了解北京。请你为北京某旅游网站写一篇英语稿件， 向外国人介绍北京。短文需包括以下提示内容∶注意∶1. 词数要求∶80词左右（短文开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）2. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。Anyone coming to Beijing is sure to have a good time. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Beijing is waiting for you!【答案】例文Anyone coming to Beijing is sure to have a good time. Lying in the north of China, Beijing is hot in summer and cold in winter. People can go swimming in summer and go skiing in winter.As the capital city, Beijing has a long history of over three thousand years. There are many historical buildings as well as traditional Chinese food. I strongly recommend you visit the Palace Museum where you can know more about the history of the capital city. Besides, you can go to Quanjude Restaurant to taste the famous Beijing Roast Duck. You will never forget its taste — fresh and crispy. Beijing Opera is worth enjoying as well. You can experience different cultures here and that’s why Beijing attracts people from all over the world every year. Beijing is waiting for you!【详解】[总体分析]①题材：本文是一篇说明文，介绍北京；②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏所给提示内容，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。[写作步骤]第一步，总写，来北京的人一定会玩得很开心。（文章已给出）；第二步，具体阐述写作内容，从北京的位置、气候、历史、建筑、美食和文化等方面来介绍；第三步，再总结，建议今年来北京，表达“北京在等你”，结束全文。[亮点词汇]be sure to do sth.一定做某事，必定做某事in the north of在……北方as well as以及，包括know more about了解更多……Why not do sth.?为什么不……？wait for sb.等某人be worth doing sth.值得做某事[高分句型]There are many historical buildings as well as traditional Chinese food.（there be句型）I strongly recommend you visit the Palace Museum where you can know more about the history of the capital city.（定语从句）Wordsthousand [ˈθaʊznd] num. 一千thousands of 数以千计的，许许多多的safe [seif] adj. 安全的，保险的simply [ˈsimpli] adv. 仅仅，只，不过fear [fiə] n. & v. 恐惧，害怕whether [ˈweðə(r)] conj.不管…还是,或者…或者，是否Indian [ˈɪndjən] adj. 印度的，印度人的Japanese [ˌdʒæpəˈni:z] n. & adj. 日本人,日语；日本的fox [fɒks] n. 狐狸all year around 全年equator [iˈkweitə] n. 赤道whenever [wenˈevə] conj. 无论何时spring [spriŋ] n. 春天mostly [ˈməustli] adv. 大多数地，主要地，通常location [ləʊˈkeɪʃn] n. 地点，位置词性转换safe. adj.安全的，无危险的→safely. adv.危险地，不安全地→safety. n.安全simply. adv.仅仅，不过→simple. adj.简单的→simplicity. n.简洁，简单India. n.印度→Indian. adj.印度人，印度的，印度语的Japan. n.日本→Japanese. adj.日本的，日本人的，日语的fox. N.狐狸→foxy. adj.狡猾的most. adj.大多数，大部分的→mostly. Adv.大部分地，主要地locate. v. 定位，坐落于→location. n.位置，坐落nation. n.国家→national. adj.国家的，名族的→nationality. n.名族，国籍international. adj. 国际的，跨国的Phrases1.the Terracotta Army 兵马俑2.southeast Asia 东南亚3.night Safari 夜间动物园4.three quarters 四分之三5. an English-speaking country 一个讲英语的国家6.have a problem doing sth 做某事很困难7.during the daytime 在白天8. a couple of times 好几次9.right now 现在，目前10. an amusement park with a special theme 一个有特别的主题的游乐园11. Walk around the park 在公园里到处走12. hear of 听说13. take a ride 兜风14. another province 另一个省15. the Bird’s Nest 鸟巢16. encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事17. on the one hand....on the other hand 一方面，另一方面Sentences1.Whether you like Indian food, westernfood or Japanese food, you'll find it all inSingapore!2. So you can choose to go whenever youlike..Writing 有趣的地方