人教版英语八下 Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years. 单元知识清单

这是一份人教版英语八下 Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years. 单元知识清单，共17页。
Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years.重要知识点清单 Unit 10单元主题语言能力能通过听力获取庭院出售、旧物整理和介绍家乡关键信息;能分析和梳理旧物与家乡的话题语篇，运用所学语言与他人进行日常交流;能在书面表达中能选用不同句式结构和时态描述和介绍身边的人、事物或事件，表达情感、态度、观点和意图等。“ 人与社会”主题范畴中“社会服务与人际沟通”主题群---志愿服务与公共服务； 家乡和社会的变迁文化意识能够珍惜美好生活，将环保理念内化于心，外化于行；能初步理解人类命运共同体和全人类共同价值的概念。思维品质能归纳总结话题语篇的主要内容、思想和作者的观点，能推断人物的心理，行为动机等;能从不同角度解读语篇，做出正确的价值判断。学习能力能通过谈论拥有的物品和周围的事物，正确使用现在完成时询问并表达持续性动作或状态；能学习过程中积极思考，主动探究，使用多种策略解决语言学习中的问题，积极进行拓展性运用。知识清单必记词汇/目标短语/核心句式重点语法：含since、for的现在完成时。话题写作：最喜欢的旧物/家乡的变化基础知识清单（北京）股份有限公司【精讲01 词汇】 ►►►1.salesale用作名词，意为“出售，销售”，常与介词on或for连用，常用短语：on sale“减价出售”；for sale“待 售，供出售”，尤指从主人手里出售。Chickens are on sale in the market. 小鸡在市场上出售。I’m sorry; it’s not for sale.抱歉，它不是卖的。 一Do you have Jay's CDs?——你有周杰伦的光盘吗？ 一Sorry, They are sold out，but I will get some more next week because they sell well.——抱歉，它们都卖出去了，但下周我会在购进一些，因为它们销售的很好。►►►2. anymore any more =副词anymore 常用于否定句的末尾，“再也（不）；（不）再”not … anymore = not … any longer =no more。We don’t live here any more. = We don’t live here any longer. We no more live here. 3.own v “拥有;有”Who owns this house?谁拥有这幢房子? ►►►4. certain ►►►5.while while n. 一段时间，一会儿, while还可用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”，while引导的时间状语从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。Let’s sit in the shade for a while. He kept in touch with us while he was on vacation. ►►►6.around ►►►7.Among 在……（三者以上）中之一。I live among the mountains.►►►8.shameshame不可数名词，意为“羞耻；羞愧；惭愧” 。用法：to one’s shame “令人感到羞愧的是” It’s a shame to do sth. It’s a shame that +从句It’s a shame (that) you can’t stay for dinner.It's a shame to waste all this food.►►►9.regardregard及物动词，意为“将···认为；把···视为”。regard…as…意为“将···视为···；把···当做···” ，其后接名词或代词。regard with... 以……的态度看待某人。I regard you as my best friend. He regards me with favor. ►►►7.consider动词。►►►8. especially especially 副词, 意为“尤其; 特别; 格外”, 在句中作状语, 其后可接名词、介词短语或从句等, 用于列举某个特例或某事物的特殊性。Flowers are always welcomed, especially in winter. Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep. ►►►9.opposite 【精讲02 短语】 ►►►1.How longhow long在此意为“多久；多长时间”，用来询问时间的长短。答语常用for或since引导的时间状语从句。在how long引导的问句中，谓语动词用延续性动词。【易混辨析】►►►2. no longer no longer 不再；不复； 相当于 not...any longer.它一般修饰延续性动词，表示某个动作或状态不再延续下去。no longer 位于助动词、be 动词之后，实意动词之前。He no longer lives here. He doesn’t live here any longer. ►►►3.part withpart with意为“割舍;交出(尤指不舍得的东西)”,是“动词+介词”构成的短语,其后可接名词或代词作宾语。part在此句中作动词,意为“离开;分开”。It is not easy to part with my favorite things.The clouds parted and the sun came out.►►►4.As for as for意为“至于;关于”,其后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式,可置于句首或句中。And as for us, we are fortunate.►►►5.Even thougheven though = even if 即使；虽然，引导让步状语从句I’ll get there, even though I have to walk.I like her, even though she can be lazy at times.►►►6.be full ofbe full of = be filled with 充满；装满The kitchen was full of smoke. Life’s full of surprises, isn’t it?Her eyes are filled with tears.The air was filled with the sound of children’s laughter. ►►►7. as long asas … as … 意为“和……一样”，表示同级的比较。其基本用法为：“as + adj. / adv. + as …”。►►►8. at leastat least 至少；不少于；起码at (the) most 至多；不超过Cut the grass at least once a week in summer.He only worked here for a month or two at the most.►►►9. millions ofmillion, 百万，使用时前面如果有基数词修饰时不能加“ s”, 只有与of 连用时才可以加。millions of意为“数百万的, 许许多多的”，后接名词复数。 There are two million people in this city.There are millions of things living on the earth.►►10. search forsearch for意为“搜寻，找寻”。=look for此时search为不及物动词。He is searching for his sunglasses. 【精讲03 句子】 ►►►1. We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use.decide(2)each each在此意为“各自;每个人”,在句中作同位语。They each went there yesterday.We each received a special gift from our teacher.【精讲04 语法】含since、for的现在完成时►►►1.since和for是现在完成时当中常见的标志词。since“自从……”, since用来说明动作的开始时间，for“持续了……”, for用来说明动作延续的时间长度。►►►2.延续性动词和短暂性动词►►►3.注意【精讲05 写作】►►►1.话题分析 本单元主要围绕“生活环境"这一话题，常有两个考查角度：1）.谈论私人物品的来历、持有的时间及喜欢的原因等;体裁以记叙文为主，多使用第一人称，能用现在完成时介绍某人拥有的物品，并分享其背后的特殊意义。能用现在完成时“have done”的结构来介绍某人拥有的物品；能在现在完成时中准确区分和使用since和for “三步法”介绍最喜欢的物品的文章：◆第一步：基本介绍（what /who/ how long）；◆第二步：谈论喜欢的原因(Why)；◆第三步：写出有关美好的记忆。2）.谈论家乡近年来的发展和变化。时态以现在完成时和一般现在时为主。 “三步法”介绍某地变化的文章：◆第一步：整体介绍；◆第二步：写出变化；◆第三步：总结。 ►►►2.写作提纲(1) (2)►►►3.典例分析1.你孩童时代最喜欢并且保留的东西是什么呢？请你根据下面的图表信息写一篇英语短文，介绍一下吧。提示：1. 短文应包括图表中的全部信息，要求条理清楚、行文连贯；2. 词数不少于70。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】One possible version:My favorite thing from childhood is my teddy bear. I have had it since I was five years old. My grandmother gave it to me on my birthday.I like the teddy bear so much because it’s dressed in my favorite color. It’s special to me because my grandmother made it for me. I think I will keep it forever to remind me of my grandmother. The teddy bear has given me many good memories. I remember when I was young, I was afraid of the dark, so I held my teddy bear to feel safe.【详解】[总体分析]①题材：本文是一篇说明文，属于材料作文写作；②时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”；③提示：文章要点已经给出，按照提示的要点逐点阐述，可以适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。[写作步骤]第一步，开篇点题，介绍最喜欢的物品是什么；第二步，先说明你是如何得到这个物品的以及你喜欢它的原因，可列举具体的事例；第三步，抒发这个物品给你带来的感受并书写结语。[亮点词汇]①be dressed in穿着……②be special to对……很特别③remind sb of sth提醒某人某事[高分句型]①I have had it since I was five years old.（since引导时间状语从句）②I like the teddy bear so much because it’s dressed in my favorite color.（because引导原因状语从句）③I remember when I was young, I was afraid of the dark, so I held my teddy bear to feel safe.（省略引导词that引导的宾语从句，从句中含有so连接的两个并列分句，在第一个并列分句中含有when引导的时间状语从句）2．你的家乡在这些年里日新月异，请运用对比手法，以“Great changes in my hometown”为题，写一篇90词左右的短文，描绘你家乡的变化。请参考表格内容：Great changes in my hometown____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】One possible version:Great changes in my hometownMy hometown has changed a lot over the years.In the past, there used to be old houses. The rivers were very dirty. We could hardly see the blue sky. But now there are many tall buildings in my hometown. The air is fresh, the rivers are clean and the water is clear. There is less pollution than before.When I was young, the roads were narrow and the transportation conditions were terrible. People went to work on foot or by bike. It took a lot of time. As time goes by, things have changed. The railway station and the airport have been in use for several years. People usually go to work by bus or by train.It was hard to keep in touch with others in the past. But now we can talk on the phone and chat by WeChat or QQ.I am glad to see that great changes have taken place in my hometown. I hope my hometown will be better and better in the future.【详解】[总体分析]①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；②时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”；③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏信息提示的内容，适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。[写作步骤]第一步，表明写作意图。介绍这些年家乡发生了很大的变化；第二步，具体阐述写作内容。根据所给信息分别从环境、交通和通讯三方面对比家乡现在和过去的不同；第三步，书写结语。表达对家乡未来的美好畅想。[亮点词汇]①used to过去常常②keep in touch with sb.与某人保持联系[高分句型]①There is less pollution than before. （there be句型）②When I was young, the roads were narrow and the transportation conditions were terrible.（when引导时间状语从句）③I am glad to see that great changes have taken place in my hometown. （宾语从句）3.我们锦州现在和过去相比发生了很大变化。请根据下面思维导图写一篇英语作文。要求：1. 条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范。2. 用上思维导图所提供的信息，进行适当发挥。3. 词数在60—80词。We are happy to see Jinzhou has changed a lot in recent years._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文：We are happy to see Jinzhou has changed a lot in recent years. In the past, people in Jinzhou lived in small houses that were sometimes too cold in winter and too hot in summer. They had traditional food and fewer drinks. And they traveled mainly by bike or on foot.But now, things have changed a lot! People live in tall buildings that keep them comfortable all year round. They can enjoy all kinds of food, either at home or in restaurants. And they can travel by car, train, subway, or even by plane!We are so excited to see how much Jinzhou has changed in recent years!【详解】①题材：这是一篇材料作文；②时态：时态主要为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”；③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏信息提示，适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。[写作步骤]第一步，描述锦州人们过去的生活、食物和交通情况；第二步，描述锦州人们现在的生活、食物和交通情况；第三步，表达自己对这种变化的喜悦兴奋之情。[亮点词汇]①either…or…无论……还是……②all kinds of各种各样的[高分句型]①People live in tall buildings that keep them comfortable all year round.（that引导定语从句）②We are so excited to see how much Jinzhou has changed in recent years!（be+形容词+to do句式）Words1.yard n. 院子2.memory n. 记忆；回忆 3.cent n. 分；分币4.sweet adj. 甜蜜的；甜的5. toy n. 玩具6. bear n. 熊 7.maker n. 生产者8. check v. 检查；审查 9. soft adj. 软的；柔软的10. junior adj. 地位低下的11. bedroom n. 卧室 12. certain adj. 某种；某事；某人 13. honest adj. 诚实的；老实的14. clear v. 清理；清除 15. while n. 一段时间 16. hometown n. 家乡；故乡 17. search v. & n. 搜索；搜查 18. shame n. 羞耻 19.especially adv. 尤其；特别20. regard v. 将……认为；把……视为 21. consider v. 注视；仔细考虑 22.hold v. 拥有；抓住Phrases1. check out 察看；观察2. as for 至于；关于3.to be honest 老实说，说实在的 4. no longer 不再5.board games 棋类游戏 6. for a while 一会儿 7.have a dog 养狗8.hometown feelings 故乡情9.once or twice a year 一年一两次10.consider/regard…as… 把……看成……11. part with 与……分开12.regard with great interest 以极大的兴趣关注着Sentences1. How long have you had that bike over there?你拥有那边那辆自行车多长时间了？2. I’ve had it for three years= I’ve had it since three years ago. 我已拥有它3年了/自从3年以前我就拥有它了。3. As they get bigger our house seems to get smaller. 随着他们的长大，我们的房子看起来变小了。4. We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use. 我们已经决定，每一笑交易卖5样我们不再用的东西。5. Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed.许多象钟伟一样的人都带着极大的兴趣关注着他们的家乡已经发生了怎样的变化。6. Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories. 艾米想留着她的旧东西，因为它们勾起甜美的回忆。7. You can also give old things away to people in need. 你也可以把旧东西捐赠给急需的人们。Grammar含since、for的现在完成时。Your favorite thing from childhood which you still haveHow long have you had it? How did you get it? Why do you like it so much? Can you say something more about it? 环境交通通讯过去房屋老旧；河流不干净；很少看到蓝天道路狭窄；步行或骑自行车联系困难现在高楼；空气新鲜；碧水蓝天；污染减少火车站、飞机场投入使用；乘公交车或火车联系方便：电话；微信；QQ将来你对家乡未来的畅想（至少一句）