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第19讲 翻译(讲义)中考英语一轮复习讲练测(全国通用)(解析版)
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这是一份第19讲 翻译(讲义)中考英语一轮复习讲练测(全国通用)(解析版),共21页。
1.熟练掌握固定搭配、语法等知识
2.把握句型结构,避免中式英语
3.掌握简单有效的解题策略和正确的解题步骤
【考情分析】
翻译题命题规律
句子翻译题是各地中考必考题型,通常以汉译英为主,有时也考查英译汉。重点考查同学们的语言综合运用能力。相对整套试卷来说,这个题型难度不大,但是得分率不高。主要是基础和方法。考查的都是基础知识点,要求同学熟练掌握固定搭配、语法等知识,把握句型结构,避免中式英语。方法问题需要同学们掌握简单有效的解题策略和正确的解题步骤。
翻译题解题技巧
一、找考点及固定搭配
同学们在做翻译句子的时候,可不能随心所欲。看到一个句子,首先就要弄清楚这道题要考我们什么,这里有哪些固定搭配。要知道每个句子通常都会包含几个知识点或者说固定词语搭配。大家在做其他题型的时候也可以尝试这样做,这有利于知识点的巩固。举几个例子:
熬夜是一一个坏习惯。
(stay)__________ is a bad habit.
2.如果你在考试中保持冷静,就会考出好成绩。(keep)
If yu()in the exam, yu will get gd grades.
3.每个人都应该在环保方面发挥作用。(play)
Everyne shuld()the envirnmental prtectin.
4.我正在期待着高中的新生活。(lk)
I__the new life f senir high schl
我们一起来分析一下:第一题:题主要考查 “熬夜”也就是stay up这个固定短语的用法;2题考“保持冷静” keep (yur) cl/keep calm;82题考查短语“发挥重要作用”play a part in/play a rle in;3题考查短语“期待着……”lk frward t。这是解题的第一步,接下来我们开始第二步。
二、确定时态语态
时态和语态是我们初中英语学习的重点内容,也是中考英语考查的热点。我们从卷面上看,不少同学常常因为时态和语态的错误,而导致丢分。因此,大家一定要注意时态和语态,根据句意和时间状语,来确定时态语态,以便确保准确翻译。
我们接着分析上面四道题,短语确定之后,就要分析时态:
1.题是动词短语放在句首作主语,我们可以想到动名词作主语,或者是动词不定式作主语,所以正确答案为Staying up (late)/T stay up(late);
看2题,涉及到的语法点是if引导的条件状语从句,主将从现的原则,所以if从句时态要用一般现在时即keep (yur) cl/keep calm;
3题我们看到情态动词shuld,就可以判断直接用动词原形 play a part in/play a rle in;
4题有明显的时间标志“正在”当然就是现在进行时了,答案为am lking frward t。
三、把握句型结构,避免中式英语
最后一步也很重要,我们说英语很容易受到汉语思维的影响而造成失误,怎样才能避免呢?就是需要大家灵活掌握英语的句型结构,从基本的五种简单句开始,这方面的知识在前期文章中有详细讲解,大家可以搜索查看。在汉译英中的句型大致包括简单句、并列句、复合句三种类型。对于简单句,我们需要弄清主语、谓语、宾语、定语等句子成分;对于并列句,需要把握好并列连词的运用;对于复合句,需要辨别状语从句、名词性从句、定语从句的不同用法。
举个简单的例子:翻译“你能告诉我他几岁了吗?”这个句子是一般疑问句,还要用宾语从句。根据语法规则,宾语从句要用陈述语序,所以答案为Can yu tell me hw ld he is ?。总之,解题有方法,但是更重要的是我们要有扎实的基础,在平时的英语学习中,同学们要注意词汇短语搭配的积累,同时加强汉译英翻译训练,在练习中巩固词汇。掌握方法,提升翻译能力,为取得高分打下坚实的基础。
四、常用句型及结构
It’s time t d sth./It’s time fr sth.该干……了。
如:Children,it’s time t have lunch.(Children, it’s time fr lunch.)孩子们,该吃午饭了。
It’s imprtant t d sth.做某事很重要。
如:It’s imprtant t learn English well.学好英语很重要。
It’s ne’s duty t d sth.做某事是某人的责任。
如:It’s ur duty t prtect the envirnment.保护环境是我们的责任。
It’s impssible t d sth.做某事是不可能的。
如:It’s impssible fr Taiwan t break away frm ur mtherland.台湾从祖国分裂出去是不可能的。
n matter...无论……。
如:N matter what he says,nbdy believes him.无论他说什么,没人相信他。
既不……,也不……。
如:Mary can neither sing nr dance.玛丽既不会唱歌,也不会跳舞。
It’s said that...据说……。
如:It’s said that this is the furth time the Big Ben has stpped wrking.据说这是大本钟第四次停止运转了。
太……以至于不能……。
如:She is t excited t say a wrd.她太兴奋了,以至于说不出一句话。
如此……以至于……。
如:This bx is s heavy that she can’t lift it.这个箱子如此重,以至于她提不起它。
直到……才……。
如:He didn’t g t bed until he finished his hmewrk.他直到做完作业才睡觉。
thank yu/thanks fr ding sth.感谢你做某事。
如:Thank yu fr listening t me.感谢你听我讲。
和……一样。
如:English is as imprtant as maths.英语和数学一样重要。
It takes/tk sb.sme time t d sth.做某事花费某人多少时间。
如:It tk wrkers nly seven days t build a new hspital.工人们仅用七天时间就建成了一座新医院。
要么……,要么……。
如:Yu may either stay at hme r g with us.你要么待在家里,要么跟我们一块去。
as sn as 一……就……。
如:I’ll tell him as sn as my father cmes back.我父亲一回来,我就告诉他。
knw+疑问词+不定式。
如:N ne knws what t d next.没人知道下一步该怎么办。
had better 最好。
如:Yu had better see a dctr if yu get a bad cld.如果你患了重感冒,你最好去看医生。
tell sb.t d sth.告诉某人做某事;tell sb.nt t d sth.告诉某人不要做某事。
如:He tld me nt t lse heart.他告诉我不要灰心。
I wish...
如:They hpe t win the game in the afternn.他们希望赢得下午的比赛。
We all wish him t bring us gd news.我们都希望他给我们带来好消息。
宾语从句
状语从句
定语从句
一、汉译英
1.(2023·辽宁抚顺·统考三模)只要你认真对待每一件事,你就会把它做好。
.
【答案】Yu will d it well as lng as yu take everything seriusly.
【详解】句中的“只要你认真对待每一件事”是条件状语从句,用as lng as(只要)来引导,take everything seriusly表示“认真对待每一件事”。d it well表示“把它做好”。本题应遵循条件状语从句的“主将从现”原则。故填Yu will d it well as lng as yu take everything seriusly.
2.(2023·辽宁抚顺·统考三模)那座房子是什么时候建的?
?
【答案】When was the huse built
【详解】根据语境可知,此处用一般过去时的被动语态was/were dne,主语是the huse,be动词用was,在疑问句中把be动词was放主语之前;疑问词用when;建造:build。故填When was the huse built。
3.(2023·辽宁抚顺·统考三模)没有人知道它是谁。
.
【答案】Nbdy knws wh it is
【详解】根据语境可知,句子用一般现在时,主句主语是nbdy,谓语动词用单三knws“知道”,宾语是wh it is“它是谁”。故填Nbdy knws wh it is。
4.(2023·辽宁朝阳·校联考二模)我们应该对每个帮助我们的人心存感激。
【答案】We shuld be thankful t everyne wh helps us.
【详解】对……感激be thankful t;我们we;应该shuld,后接动词原形;每个人everyne;帮助help,其宾语“我们”需要用宾格形式即us。分析句子可知用一般现在时,“每个帮助我们的人”应使用定语从句,先行词是everyne,引导词是wh;help作从句的谓语用三单形式。故填We shuld be thankful t everyne wh helps us.
5.(2023·辽宁朝阳·校联考二模)你能告诉我去历史博物馆的路吗?
【答案】Culd yu tell me the way t the histry museum?
【详解】你能告诉我……?Culd yu tell me...;去……的路the way t;历史博物馆the histry museum。故填Culd yu tell me the way t the histry museum?
6.(2023·辽宁盘锦·校联考三模)令他感到惊讶的是,如此多的人对科幻小说感兴趣。
【答案】T his surprise, s many peple are interested in science fictin.
【详解】根据中文提示可知,本句为一般现在时。令他感到惊讶的是:t his surprise;如此多的人:s many peple;对……感兴趣:be interested in;科幻小说:science fictin。故填T his surprise, s many peple are interested in science fictin.
7.(2023·辽宁盘锦·校联考三模)据说这家餐馆已经开业半年了。
【答案】It’s said that the restaurant has been pen fr half a year.
【详解】It’s said that“据说”;restaurant“餐馆”;be pen“开业”,表示状态;fr half a year“半年了”。和一段时间连用,应用现在完成时,主语是单数,助动词用has。故填It’s said that the restaurant has been pen fr half a year.
8.(2023·辽宁盘锦·校联考三模)飞机将在10分钟之后起飞。
【答案】The plane will take ff in 10 minutes.
【详解】plane“飞机”,此处表示特指;take ff“起飞”;in 10 minutes“十分钟后”。根据语境可知本句是一般将来时,用结构will d。故填The plane will take ff in 10 minutes.
9.(2023·山东威海·统考一模)他不知道他哥哥有没有把那本杂志还给图书馆。(汉译英)
【答案】He desn’t knw if his brther has returned the magazine t the library yet.
【详解】他:he;知道:knw;他哥哥:his brther;那本杂志:the magazine;归还:return…t…;图书馆:the library;句子是if”是否”引导的宾语从句,主句用一般现在时,从句用现在完成时。故填He desn’t knw if his brther has returned the magazine t the library yet.
10.(2023·山东威海·统考一模)我太害怕了,一动也不敢动。(汉译英)
【答案】I was s scared that I culdn’t mve.
【详解】“我太害怕了”用“主系表”结构,主语用主格I“我”,系动词为be,形容词scared“害怕的”作表语;情态动词can’t“不能”后接动词原形mve“移动”;两个句子用“如此……以至于……”连接,引导结果状语从句。根据语境可知,此题为一般过去时,主句be动词用was,从句can’t应用过去式culdn’t。故填I was s scared that I culdn’t mve.
二、英译汉
11.(2023·山东滨州·统考三模)ChatGPT (人工智能聊天机器人) has been very ppular all ver the wrld in the past mnths.
【答案】在过去的几个月里,人工智能聊天机器人在世界各地非常流行。
【详解】has been very ppular“非常流行”;all ver the wrld“在世界各地”;in the past mnths“在过去的几个月里”。故填:在过去的几个月里,人工智能聊天机器人在世界各地非常流行。
12.(2023·山东滨州·统考三模)Speaking English as much as pssible is the key t learning English well.
【答案】尽可能多地说英语是学好英语的关键。
【详解】speaking English“说英语”,as much as pssible“尽可能多的”,is“是”,the key t ding sth“做某事的关键”,learn English well“学好英语”,故填:尽可能多地说英语是学好英语的关键。
13.(2023·山东滨州·统考二模)All f us shuld knw that talent withut wrking hard is nthing.
【答案】我们所有人都应该知道,没有努力的天赋什么也不是。
【详解】All f us:我们所有人;shuld knw that:都应该知道;talent withut wrking hard:没有努力的天赋;is nthing:什么也不是。故填:我们所有人都应该知道,没有努力的天赋什么也不是。
14.(2023·山东滨州·统考二模)The mst valuable thing is health, rather than mney.
【答案】最有价值的东西是健康,而不是金钱。
【详解】the mst valuable“最有价值的”,最高级修饰名词thing“事情,东西”,health“健康”,rather than“而不是”,mney“钱”。故填:最有价值的东西是健康,而不是金钱。
15.(2023·山东滨州·统考二模)Try and then yu can make up fr the mistakes that yu nce made.
【答案】努力,你就能弥补曾经犯过的错误。
【详解】结合题干可知,此句的句式为“祈使句+and+陈述句”,表示“……,那么……(即陈述句所表示的内容为前面祈使句内容的结果)”。Try“努力”;and then“然后”;yu“你”;can make up fr“能弥补”;the mistakes that yu nce made“曾经犯过的错”。故填:努力,你就能弥补曾经犯过的错误。
16.(2023·山东滨州·统考二模)Our cuntry’s great achievements are frm the hard wrk f ur Party and ur peple.
【答案】我国的伟大成就来自于党和人民的艰苦奋斗。
【详解】Our cuntry’s great achievements“我国的伟大成就”;are frm“来自于”;the hard wrk f ur Party and ur peple“党和人民的艰苦奋斗”。故填:我国的伟大成就来自于党和人民的艰苦奋斗。
17.(2023·山东滨州·统考二模)Once yu make prmises t thers yu shuld try yur best t keep them.
【答案】你一旦对别人许下诺言,就要尽力信守承诺。
【详解】分析句子可知,该句含有nce引导的条件状语从句,翻译为“一旦”。yu翻译为“你”;make prmises t thers翻译为“对别人许下诺言”;shuld翻译为“要”;try yur best t翻译为“尽力”;keep them翻译为“信守它们”,them指代prmises“承诺”。故填“你一旦对别人许下诺言,就要尽力信守承诺。”
18.(2023·山东滨州·统考二模)Dn’t lie in bed all day. Yu are suppsed t d mre exercise in rder t keep healthy.
【答案】不要整天躺在床上。你应该多锻炼以保持健康。
【详解】分析句子可知,第一句为祈使句的否定形式,翻译为“不要……”;lie in bed翻译为“躺在床上”;all day翻译为“整天”;第二名为陈述句,Yu翻译为“你”;are suppsed t翻译为“应该”;d mre exercise翻译为“多锻炼”;in rder t keep healthy翻译为“以保持健康”。故填:不要整天躺在床上。你应该多锻炼以保持健康。
19.(2023·山东滨州·统考一模)Qingming is nt nly ne f China’s 24 slar terms, but als a mment fr Chinese peple t hnr lst family members.
【答案】清明节不仅是中国的二十四节气之一,也是中国人缅怀逝去亲人的日子。
【详解】Qingming“清明节”;nt als“不仅……而且……”;ne f+名词复数“……之一”;China’s 24 slar terms“中国的二十四节气”;a mment“时刻,日子”;fr“对于”;Chinese peple“中国人”;t hnr lst family members“缅怀逝去亲人”。故填:清明节不仅是中国的二十四节气之一,也是中国人缅怀逝去亲人的日子。
20.(2023·山东滨州·统考一模)An hur in the mrning is wrth tw hurs in the evening.
【答案】一日之计在于晨。
【详解】An hur in the mrning早晨的一小时;is wrth tw hurs in the evening价值晚上的2个小时。换言之,早上时间比较重要,即所谓的“一日之计在于晨。”。故填:一日之计在于晨。
三、语篇翻译
(2023·湖南湘西·统考三模)阅读下面的短文,将文中划线部分译成汉语或英语。
Little Wmen is set (以……为背景) in New England in the United States during the American Civil War (1861-1865). The stry fllws the lives f the fur March sisters: Meg, J, Beth, and Amy. The authr is Luisa May Alctt. 1.The bk is based n the authr’s wn experiences f grwing up with her three sisters.
2.这个故事的主题(theme)是关于家庭的重要性。 Other themes include the need t wrk and self-imprvement fr wmen.
When the stry begins, 3.the sisters are cmplaining because they are pr and have t wrk. Their mther says that they mustn’t spend mney n pleasure because there is a war and everybdy must help. Their father is in the army. Their father writes letter t his family. In the letter he tell his daughters t wrk hard and nt t waste their time. 4. 她们必须尝试接受生命中的不幸并保持乐观。 He wants t be prud f them when he cmes hme. The girls decide t make an effrt t imprve themselves because they lve and miss their father very much.
Alctt was interested in wmen’s rights. 5.Thrugh the fur March sisters, she explres different ways f being a wman in thse days. Meg leaves the family t get married and have a new family. Beth devtes (奉献) herself t lking after her wn family. Amy fcuses n herself and her wn pleasure. And J, like Alctt herself, tries t have a career (事业) in writing and care fr her family at the same time.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
【答案】21.这本书是以作者与她的三个姐妹亲身的成长经历为依据著作的。 22.The main theme in the stry is the imprtance f family. 23.四姐妹/姐妹们正在抱怨因为她们贫穷而不得不去工作。 24.They must try t accept the bad things in their lives and stay/keep cheerful. 25.通过马奇家四姐妹的成长经历,她探索了那个时代妇女的不同生活方式。
【导语】本文主要讲述了《小妇人》的创作背景和主题。
21.分析句子可知,本句是陈述句。The bk:书;is based n以……为基础;the authr’s wn experiences f grwing up :作者自己的成长经历;with her three sisters:和她的三个姐姐。故答案为:这本书是以作者与她的三个姐妹亲身的成长经历为依据著作的。
22.分析句子可知,本句是陈述句。这个故事的主题:The main theme in the stry;是:is;关于家庭的重要性:the imprtance f family,故答案为:The main theme in the stry is the imprtance f family.
23.分析句子可知,本句是陈述句。the sisters:四姐妹/姐妹们;are cmplaining:正在抱怨;because they are pr and have t wrk:因为她们贫穷而不得不去工作。故答案为:四姐妹/姐妹们正在抱怨因为她们贫穷而不得不去工作。
24.分析句子可知,本句是陈述句。她们:They;必须:must;尝试接受生命中的不幸:try t accept the bad things in their lives;并且:and;保持乐观:stay/keep cheerful,故答案为:They must try t accept the bad things in their lives and stay/keep cheerful.
25.分析句子可知,本句是陈述句。Thrugh the fur March sisters:通过马奇家四姐妹的成长经历;she:她;explres different ways f being a wman:探索妇女的不同生活方式;in thse days:那个时代,故答案为:通过马奇家四姐妹的成长经历,她探索了那个时代妇女的不同生活方式。
(2023·辽宁抚顺·统考三模)阅读下面短文,将短文中画线部分的句子译成中文。
It is nt pssible t tell the imprtance f frests in just a few wrds. Frests influence ur daily lives in s many ways, even in the center f a busy nisy city.
Frest prducts are used in ur daily lives. 1. Almst every activity has smething t d with frests. Sme are easy t pint ut, and thers are hard t say. They can nt nly help make ur lives mre cnvenient, but als make ur Earth mre beautiful and cmfrtable.
Frests help prtect the sea, and the earth is in gd health because f them. Over the past 50 years, abut half the wrld’s frests have been lst.2. The mst imprtant reasn fr that is plluting the envirnment and cutting dwn trees.
As this ges n, it’ll be harder and harder fr us t survive n the Earth.
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【答案】26.几乎每个活动 (都) 和森林有关。 27.(过去五十年里) 大约一半的世界森林失去的最重要的原因是污染环境和砍伐树木。
【导语】本文主要介绍了森林的重要性。
26.Almst几乎;every activity每个活动;has smething t d with和……有关系;frests森林。故填:几乎每个活动 (都) 和森林有关。
27.The mst imprtant reasn最重要的原因;that指代“(过去五十年里) 失去了大约一半的世界森林”;plluting the envirnment and cutting dwn trees污染环境和砍树。故填:(过去五十年里) 大约一半的世界森林失去的最重要的原因是污染环境和砍伐树木。
(2023·湖南株洲·统考一模)根据上下文内容,将文中画线部分译成汉语或者英语。
1. Every ne f us, rich r pr, shuld at least have ne r tw gd friends. Yur friends will listen t yu when yu speak, will take care f yu when yu are sick, and will be with yu in yur jurney thrugh life.
2. 每个人都需要朋友。Friendship can make us happier. Hw can we find a gd friend and get n well with each ther? Here is sme advice.
★3.Make friends with a persn wh is easy t get alng with.
★Yu shuld make friends with a persn wh has smething in cmmn with yu.
★Give yur friend a hand when he r she is in truble. Friends shuld always be ready t help each ther.
★Believe in each ther. 4 .这是友谊中最重要的事情。
★Even the best friends may have a quarrel smetimes. 5. If this happens dn’t let yur quarrel last t lng. Try t make up with yur friends sn.
Friendship is a kind f treasure in ur life. It is like a bttle f wine. The lnger it is kept, the better it will be.
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【答案】28.我们每个人,无论贫富,至少应该有一两个好朋友。 29.Everyne needs friends. 30.和一个容易相处的人交朋友。 31.This is the mst imprtant thing in a friendship. 32.如果发生这种情况,不要让你们的争吵持续太久。
【导语】本文主要介绍了找到一个好朋友并且和朋友友好相处的一些建议。
28.Every ne f us“我们每个人”;rich r pr“无论贫富”;shuld“应该”;at least“至少”;have ne r tw gd friends“有一两个好朋友”。故填:我们每个人,无论贫富,至少应该有一两个好朋友。
29.everyne“每个人”;need“需要”,主语是不定代词,动词用三单形式;friend“朋友”,可数名词,此处应用复数表示泛指。故填Everyne needs friends.
30.Make friends with a persn“和一个人交朋友”;wh引导定语从句,修饰先行词persn;is easy t get alng with“容易相处的”。故填:和一个容易相处的人交朋友。
31.this is“这是”;the mst imprtant thing“最重要的事情”;in a friendship“友谊中”。故填This is the mst imprtant thing in a friendship.
32.If“如果”;this happens“发生这种情况”;dn’t“不要”;let yur quarrel last t lng“让你们的争吵持续太久”。故填:如果发生这种情况,不要让你们的争吵持续太久。
(2023·湖南株洲·统考二模)根据上下文内容,将文中画线部分译成汉语或者英语。
Maybe yu are a cmmn student. Yu prbably think yu will never be a tp student. 1.Hwever, anyne can becme a better student if he r she wants t. Here’s hw:
Plan yur time carefully. When yu plan yur week, yu shuld make a list f things that yu have t d. After making this list, yu shuld make a schedule f yur time. First yur time fr eating, sleeping, dressing, and s n. Then decide a gd, regular time fr studying. And the time fr rest. A weekly schedule can make yu realize what is happening t yur time.
2.找一个好地方学习。Lk arund the huse fr a gd study area. Keep this space, which may be a desk r simply a crner f yur rm. N games, radis, r televisin! 3.When yu sit dwn t study, yu shuld pay attentin n the study.
Make gd use f yur time in class. Listen t everything the teachers say carefully. 4.Really listening in class means less wrk after class. Taking ntes will help yu remember what the teacher says.
Study regularly. When yu get hme frm schl, g ver yur ntes. Review the imprtant pints that yur teacher taught in class. Review the knwledge can make yu remember it lnger.
Develp a gd attitude abut tests. The purpse f a test is t shw what yu learn abut a subject. They help yu remember yur new knwledge. 5.世界不会因为你考试不及格而灭亡,所以不用太担心。
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【答案】33.然而,任何人都可以成为更好的学生,如果他或她想的话。 34.Find a gd place t study. 35.当你坐下来学习时,你应该把注意力集中在学习上。 36.真正做到上课认真听讲,意味着课后作业少。 37.The wrld wn’t end if yu dn’t pass a test, s dn’t be t wrried.
【导语】本文主要讲述了几条成为学霸的建议。
33.分析句子可知,句子是if引导的条件状语从句,hwever意为“然而”;anyne意为“任何人”,作主语;can becme意为“可以成为”;a better student意为“一名更好的学生”,作宾语;if表示“如果”;he r she wants t表示“他/她想要”。故填:然而,任何人都可以成为更好的学生,如果他或她想的话。
34.分析句子可知,句子是一个祈使句,找到:find,放在开头,首字母大写;一个好的地方:a gd place;学习:study,动词前加介词t表示目的。故填Find a gd place t study.
35.分析句子可知,句子是when引导的时间状语从句,when意为“当……时候”;sit dwn意为“坐下”;study意为“学习”;shuld意为“应该”;pay attentin n“集中注意于”。故填:当你坐下来学习时,你应该把注意力集中在学习上。
36.分析句子可知,really意为“真正地”;listening意为“听讲”;means意为“意味着”;less wrk意为“更少的工作”;after class意为“课后”。故填:真正做到上课认真听讲,意味着课后作业少。
37.分析句子可知,句子是if引导的条件状语从句,句子遵循主将从现原则;The wrld“世界”;wn’t end“不会灭亡”;dn’t pass a test“考试不及格”;s“所以”;dn’t be t wrried“不用太担心”。故填The wrld wn’t end if yu dn’t pass a test, s dn’t be t wrried.
(2023·湖南株洲·统考二模)根据上下文内容,将文中划线部分译成汉语或者英语。
Fujian Tulu is a kind f huse in the muntain areas f Fujian Prvince. It is knwn as the Ancient Oriental (东方的) Castle. Frty-six Fujian Tulu places were added t the Wrld Heritage List (世界文化遗产名录) in 2008.
Fujian Tulu is usually a large, enclsed earthen building with thick earth walls. 1. 尽管它们相互看起来都很相似,但每一栋都是特别的。Mst f the buildings, usually three t fur flrs, are like a circle, but sme are like a rectangle (矩形). 2. The design f Tulu fllws the traditinal Chinese huse idea f “clsed utside and pen inside”. Jiqing Building, built in 1419, is the ldest circular Tulu in Yngding District, Lngyan, Fujian. Hegui Building in Nanjing cunty is the tallest rectangular Tulu in the prvince. It is 21.5 meters high.
Tulu was a great place fr peple there t prtect themselves. While Tulu means “earthen buildings” in Chinese, the buildings were made f far mre than just mud. Peple used lcal river stnes, bamb, sand and lime (石灰) t build them, as well. 3. In ancient times, the buildings als included strng gates, water wells and tunnels (地道) fr running away.
Tulu is like a village. The families wh live there have their wn rms. 4. 在节日或一些重要的日子里,他们经常在院子里聚会。Peple wh live in Tulu are mstly Hakka (客家人). And Tulu can be seen in many places. 5. Besides Fujian Prvince, the buildings are als seen in Guangdng Prvince and Jiangxi Prvince. While the buildings are nw pen t turists, there are still peple living in them.
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【答案】38.Althugh they lk similar t each ther, each building/Tulu is special. 39.土楼的设计遵循了中国传统的“外封闭内开放”的理念。 40.在古代,这些建筑还包括了坚固的大门、水井和用来逃跑的地道。 41.On festivals r sme imprtant days they ften get tgether in the yard. 42.除了在福建省,在广东省和江西省也能见到这些建筑。
【导语】本文主要介绍了福建土楼。
38.“尽管”althugh,引导让步状语从句;“它们”they,作从句主语;“相互”each ther;“看起来都很相似”lk similar t;“每一栋”each building/Tulu;“都是特别的”is special。故填Althugh they lk similar t each ther, each building/Tulu is special.
39.The design f Tulu“土楼的设计”;fllws“遵循”;the traditinal Chinese huse idea f“中国传统的……理念”;clsed utside and pen inside“外封闭内开发”。故填“土楼的设计遵循了中国传统的‘外封闭内开放’的理念。”
40.In ancient times“在古代”;the buildings“这些建筑”;als“也,还”;included“包括”;strng gates“坚固的大门”;water wells“水井”;and“和”;tunnels fr running away“用来逃跑的地道”。故填“在古代,这些建筑还包括了坚固的大门、水井和用来逃跑的地道。”
41.“在节日或一些重要的日子里”n festivals r sme imprtant days;“他们”they;“经常”ftern;“在院子里聚会”get tgether in the yard。故填On festivals r sme imprtant days they ften get tgether in the yard.
42.Besides Fujian Prvince“除了福建省”;the buildings“这些建筑”;are als seen“也能被见到”;in Guangdng Prvince and Jiangxi Prvince“在广东省和江西省”。故填“除了在福建省,在广东省和江西省也能见到这些建筑。”
(2023·湖南永州·统考二模)阅读下面的短文,然后将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语。
“If he desn’t call me, I’m ging t die!” 1.那是一种十分正常的感觉。It means yu are “in lve”—kind f. It’s puppy lve(早恋) nt true lve, yet.
2.Puppy lve is cmmn amng students all ver the wrld. In the West, peple think puppy lve is a healthy part f a teenager’s life. In China, parents and teachers think it’s a prblem .
Puppy lve is beautiful. It’s cl t lve smene, r be lved by smene else instead f yur mther r yur dg. 3.它能使你成为一个更好的人。Yu will knw hw t use yur lve t help thers.
If yu find yurself “in lve “it’s OK, ! Nw yu have lts f imprtant things t d. Think f these questins: Will yu lve him r her ten years later? D yu have enugh educatin t find a gd jb and live a happy life with the persn yu lve in the future? 4.What wuld yu d if yu fund smene better than him r her? I bet(打赌) yu are nt sure f these answers. Why? Because yu are t yung t understand the true lve.
5.True lve will cme when yu grw up. Nw, yu shuld try t be the best persn yu can be, and d the very best yu can. That means ding well at schl and being a gd sn r daughter first.
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【答案】43.That’s a pretty nrmal feeling. 44.早恋在全世界的学生中是很常见的。 45.It can make yu a better persn. 46.如果你发现比他或者她更好的人,你将会做什么? 47.当你长大以后,真爱将会来临。
【导语】本文介绍了中西方国家对待学生早恋的不同的态度。中国家长和老师认为早恋有害,让学生学习分心;而西方国家认为没有什么坏处,还会帮助学生以后去面对真正的感情。本文最后还告诉学生要避免早恋,毕竞是不成熟的。
43.分析句子可知,本句是陈述句。“那是”That’s; “一种”a;“十分”pretty;“正常的”nrmal;“感觉”feeling。故填That’s a pretty nrmal feeling.
44.分析句子可知,本句是陈述句。Puppy lve“早恋”;amng students all ver the wrld“在全世界的学生中”;is“是”;cmmn“常见的”。故填:早恋在全世界的学生中是很常见的。
45.分析句子可知,本句是陈述句。“它”It;“能”can;“使你成为一个更好的人”make yu a better persn。故填It can make yu a better persn.
46.分析句子可知,本句是疑问句。if“如果”;yu“你”;fund“发现”;smene better than him r her“比他或者她更好的人”;wuld“将会”;d“做”;What“什么”。故填:如果你发现比他或者她更好的人,你将会做什么?
47.分析句子可知,本句是陈述句。True lve“真爱”;will“将会”;cme“来临”;when yu grw up“当你长大以后”。故填:当你长大以后,真爱将会来临。
(2023·湖南湘西·统考中考真题)阅读下面的短文,将文中画线部分译成汉语或英语。
Hw d yu get t schl? 71. D yu walk t schl r ride a bike? D yu g by bus r by train? 72.对许多学生来说,去学校很容易。But fr the students in ne small village in China, it’s difficult. 73. There is a very big river between their schl and the village. There is n bridge and the river runs t quickly fr bats. S these students g n a rpeway t crss the river t schl.
One 11-year-ld by, Liangliang, crsses the river every schl day. But he is nt afraid because he lves schl. “74.我喜欢和我同学一起玩。And I lve my teacher. He is like a father t me.”
Many f the students and villagers never leave the village. It is their dream t have a bridge. 75. I’m sure their dream can cme true.
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【答案】48.你是步行上学还是骑自行车? 49.Fr many students, it’s easy t get t schl. 50.他们的学校和村庄之间有一条非常大的河流。 51.I like playing with my classmates. 52.我相信他们的梦想会成真。
【导语】本文介绍了许多学生上学很容易,但也有一些贫困地区的孩子上学艰难。
48.yu你;walk t schl走路去学校;r或者;ride a bike骑自行车。故填:你是步行上学还是骑自行车?
49.做某事对某人来说是……的:it is adj. fr sb. t d sth.;容易的:easy;许多学生:many students;去学校:get t schl。故填Fr many students, it’s easy t get t schl.
50.There is有;a very big river一条非常大的河流;between their schl and the village在他们学校和乡村之间。故填:他们的学校和村庄之间有一条非常大的河流。
51.句子用一般现在时,主语是I,谓语动词用原形like;喜欢做某事:like ding sth.;和某人一起玩:play with sb.;我同学:my classmates。故填I like playing with my classmates.
52.I’m sure我确信;their dream他们的梦想;can可以;cme true实现。故填:我相信他们的梦想会成真。
(2023·湖南湘潭·统考中考真题)阅读下面的短文,将划线部分译成英文或中文。
Gd afternn, everyne. It’s my hnr t be the first speaker. I’m Michelle frm the prs (正方). 1. We agree that kids shuld share chres at hme. And we have the fllwing reasns.
T begin with, kids need t knw it is their duty t d chres. 2.他们与父母生活在一起。They shuld knw that if they want t have a clean and cmfrtable hme, everyne shuld d their part. 3. Fr example. kids can d the dishes r clean the rms. Sharing husewrk als helps them t understand the idea f fairness.
Then, ding chres tgether helps bring the family clser. When kids help mm fld the clthes, they can have lvely chats abut what has happened during the day. 4 It’s helpful fr kids t relax. Besides, just as the saying ges “Many hands make easy wrk.”, the chres will be finished mre easily if everyne des smething.
Lastly, ding chres helps the kids t grw. 5.它教会孩子们照顾自己 and helps develp their independence. S the earlier kids learn t be independent, the better it is fr their future.
Thank yu!
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【答案】53.我们同意孩子们应该在家里分担家务。 54.They live with their parents. 55.例如,孩子们可以洗碗或打扫房间。
56.这对孩子们放松是有帮助的。 57.It teaches children t take care f themselves.
【导语】本文主要介绍了孩子在家分担家务的好处。
53.we我们;agree同意;kids孩子们;shuld应该;share chres分担家务;at hme在家。故填:我们同意孩子们应该在家里分担家务。
54.句子用一般现在时,主语是they,谓语动词用原形;和……生活在一起:live with sb.;他们的父母:their parents。故填They live with their parents.
55.Fr example例如;kids孩子们;can可以;d the dishes洗碗;r或者;clean the rms打扫房间。故填:例如,孩子们可以洗碗或打扫房间。
56.helpful有帮助的;fr对于;kids孩子们;relax放松。故填:这对孩子们放松是有帮助的。
57.句子用一般现在时,主语是it,谓语动词用单三teaches“教”;教某人做某事:teach sb. t d sth.;孩子们:children;照顾他们自己:take care f themselves。故填It teaches children t take care f themselves.
(2023·辽宁阜新·统考中考真题)阅读下面短文,将短文中画线部分的句子翻译成中文。
We spend abut ne-third f ur lives asleep. Sleep is imprtant t us. A gd sleep gives us energy and makes us feel happier. If yu need sme gd sleep, yu can try the new bus service in Hng Kng. Hng Kng has pened a “Sleeping Bus Tur”. 1. The five-hur ride is fr peple wh can’t sleep well at night. Passengers can get eye masks, ear plugs (耳塞) and s n fr better sleep.
Why d buses make peple sleepy? Buses are a perfect envirnment that prduces white nise. Buses get crwded with peple ging t and frm wrk every day. Carbn dixide (二氧化碳) increases when there are lts f peple in a small place. When yu were a baby, yu were rcked (摇晃) t sleep. Sitting n a bus gives peple similar experiences. Their rcking mvements make peple want t clse their eyes. 2. Yu may find it easy t fall asleep during the lng bus trip.
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【答案】58.这五个小时的旅程是为了晚上睡眠不好的人们设计的。 59.你也许发现在这样的长途公交车旅行中入睡是容易的。
【导语】本文主要讲了每个人都需要好的睡眠,介绍了一种帮助人们睡眠的公共汽车,并给出了公共汽车使人感到困倦的原因。
58.The five-hur ride“这五个小时的旅程”;is fr“是为了”;peple wh can’t sleep well at night“晚上睡眠不好的人们”。故填“这五个小时的旅程是为了晚上睡眠不好的人们设计的。”
59.Yu“你”;may“也许,可能”;find it easy t fall asleep“发现入睡是容易的”;during the lng bus trip“在这样的长途公交车旅行中”。故填“你也许发现在这样的长途公交车旅行中入睡是容易的。”
(2023·湖南邵阳·统考中考真题)阅读下面短文,将文中画线的句子译成汉语或英语。
What d yu like t d in yur free time? 1. Different peple have different answers. Fr the 3-grader Chen Yunxi, it’s rck climbing.
Chen is frm Shenzhen. She is tall and thin, and has lng black hair. 2. 像许多其他女孩一样,她最喜欢的颜色是粉色。But her hbby is very different—it’s rck climbing.
3. She started rck climbing when she was nly fur years ld. She lves it s much that she trains very hard. Last Nvember, 8-year-ld Chen successfully finished the wild rck climbing rute “CHINA CLIMB” in Yangshu, Guangxi. That makes her the yungest climber in China t finish the 5.14A level climbing rute.
4. 她有一个梦想。She wants t take part in the Olympics. She thinks that the happiest thing in the wrld is just t fight fr her dream. 5. She says she will train hard t make her dream cme true.
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61.
62.
63.
64.
【答案】60.不同的人有不同的答案。 61.Like many ther girls, her favrite clr is pink. 62.她四岁时就开始攀岩了。 63.She has a dream. 64.她说,她将努力训练,使她的梦想成真。
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,介绍Chen Yunxi的梦想。
60.Different peple不同的人,have有,different answers不同的答案。故填:不同的人有不同的答案。
61.像许多其他女孩一样like many ther girls,她最喜欢的颜色her favrite clr,是粉色is pink。故填Like many ther girls, her favrite clr is pink.
62.She她,started rck climbing开始攀岩,when she was nly fur years ld当她四岁时。故填:她四岁时就开始攀岩了。
63.她she,有一个梦想has a dream。故填She has a dream.
64.She says她说,she will train hard她将努力训练,t make her dream cme true使她的梦想成真。故填:她说,她将努力训练,使她的梦想成真。
(2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题)阅读下面短文,将短文中划线部分的句子翻译成中文。
A gd memry has t d with many things, such as fcus and interest. Yu might have a fantastic memry fr sprting numbers but n head fr math. 1. This happens because yu lve sprts and hate math.
Learning needs attentin. Yu need 8 secnds t understand a piece f infrmatin and keep it in the memry, s try t fcus n ne thing when yu want t remember it. 2. The best time fr learning is the early mrning. This is the time when ur brains are the mst active. We take in and wrk ut infrmatin quickly at that time.
65.
66.
【答案】65.发生这种情况是因为你喜欢运动而讨厌数学。 66.学习的最佳时间是清晨。
【导语】本文主要介绍了好的记忆都与哪些因素相关以及学习的方法和最佳时间。
65.This happens“发生这种情况”;because“因为”;yu lve sprts“你喜欢运动”;hate math“讨厌数学”,故填:发生这种情况是因为你喜欢运动而讨厌数学。
66.The best time fr learning“学习的最佳时间”;the early mrning“清晨”,故填:学习的最佳时间是清晨。
(2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题)阅读下面短文,将短文中画线部分的句子译成中文。
If yu are an animal-lver, and yu’d like t wrk with animals, yu can chse ne f the fllwing jbs as yu like.
First, wrking as an animal behaviur(行为)scientist is interesting. The wrk is t watch animals carefully and understand hw animals live as a grup. 1. Yu can learn abut their prblems and prtect them. Secnd, yu can be a z vet(兽医). Yu might wrk with birds, fish r even a lin! As a z vet, yu knw the animals well and see them right nw if they are sick. 2. Smetimes, yu tell stries abut animals t peple wh visit the z. Third, an animal nutritinist(营养师)can make the right fd fr the animals.
There are many ther jbs wrking with animals. Just find smething right fr yu.
67.
68.
【答案】67.你可以了解它们的问题并保护它们。 68.有时,你会给参观动物园的人讲动物的故事。
【导语】本文主要给喜爱动物的人们介绍了一些与动物相关的工作。
67.分析句子可知,该句为陈述句。Yu can翻译为“你可以”;learn abut their prblems翻译为“了解它们的问题”;and翻译为“并”;prtect them翻译为“保护它们”。故填“你可以了解它们的问题并保护它们。”
68.分析句子可知,该句为含有wh引导的限制性定语从句的复合句,翻译为“……的人”。Smetimes翻译为“有时”;yu翻译为“你”;tell stries abut animals t翻译为“给……讲动物的故事”,peple wh visit the z翻译为“参观动物园的人”。故填“有时,你会给参观动物园的人讲动物的故事。”
(2023·辽宁·统考中考真题)阅读下面短文,将短文中画线部分的句子译成中文。
Happy birthday! Yu have grwn a little mre. Everybdy has a birthday party every year. But what abut trees? Trees dn’t have birthday parties. They have rings (年轮). Hw can we knw a tree’s age? 1. We can cunt its rings. The rings are inside the trunk (树干). A ring has a light part and a dark part. The light parts shw winter and spring. The dark parts shw summer and autumn. Each tree ring means ne year. S an ld tree has many rings. 2. If yu want t see the rings inside a tree, yu need t cut it dwn. But n ne wants t d that.
69.
70.
【答案】69.我们可以数(这棵)树的年轮。 70.如果你想看(一棵)树里面的年轮,(那么)你需要把它砍倒。
【导语】本文主要介绍了树木的年轮。
69.we“我们”;can“能够,可以”;cunt“数”;its“它的”,指代“(这棵)树的”;rings“年轮”。故填:我们可以数(这棵)树的年轮。
70.if“如果”;yu“你”;want t see“想看”;the rings inside a tree“(一棵)树里面的年轮”;yu need t cut it dwn“你需要把它砍倒”。故填:如果你想看(一棵)树里面的年轮,(那么)你需要把它砍倒。
目录
一
复习目标
掌握目标及备考方向
二
考情分析
翻译题中考考情分析
三
翻译题
的考向
熟练掌握固定搭配、语法等知识
2.把握句型结构,避免中式英语
3.掌握简单有效的解题策略和正确的解题步骤
4.提升必考题型归纳
四
真题感悟
中考翻译题经典考题精选
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