北京市西城区2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题Word版（附参考答案）

这是一份北京市西城区2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题Word版（附参考答案），共7页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
On July 22nd, 18-year-ld Clleen Knull, a vlunteer firefighter, faced a dangerus situatin when a wildfire rapidly spread thrugh Jasper Natinal Park.
Knull, with less than a year f experience at the Enderby Fire Department, sptted ____1____ rising frm the muntainside. Her training immediately ____2____. “I saw the smke and used sme f the knwledge I had gained t read it, understand the wind directin, and ____3____ hw clse the fire was,” she said.
Befre an fficial evacuatin (疏散) rder was issued, Knull decided t act. She began kncking n cabin drs at the ldge (旅馆), ____4____ guests abut the fire. Then, realizing that hikers at a nearby campgrund were unaware f the ____5____, she quickly walked up the trail t evacuate them.
Leading a grup f 16 peple, Knull guided them n a tugh, fur-hur hike thrugh thick smke and difficult cnditins. “The smke was heavy, my eyes were burning, and ash kept falling,” said Rebecca Tcher, ne f the hikers. Despite these ____6____, Knull remained calm and kept the grup fcused.
Knull’s familiarity with the area and her firefighting skills prved ____7____. After hurs f struggling, the grup finally made it ut f the smky frest and reached a safe area where help was waiting.
Authrities later ____8____ Knull’s effrts, calling her a her fr her calmness and leadership under extreme pressure. Fr Knull, the experience was a pwerful reminder f the imprtance f preparatin and cmmunity. “I didn’t d it alne,” she said ____9____. “The training I received and the ____10____ the grup placed in me made it pssible.”
1. A. dust B. smke C. clud D. steam
2. A. kicked in B. gave ut C. added up D. caught n
3. A. shw B. prve C. assess D. track
4. A. calling B. asking C. teaching D. warning
5. A. prgram B. danger C. arrangement D. fear
6. A. challenges B. limitatins C. findings D. cnsequences
7. A. unique B. cautius C. vital D. ppular
8. A. evaluated B. supprted C. applauded D. resisted
9. A. humbly B. cnfidently C. hnestly D. nervusly
10. A. hnr B. gratitude C. request D. trust
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
My sns, Liam and Patrick, lve baking ur family’s special Swedish bread, ____11____ we make nly nce a year. The recipe was passed dwn frm my great-grandmther t my great-uncle Olf, wh baked it every week and later taught it ____12____ me when I was furteen. As we bake, we share family stries. Baking tgether nt nly helps us cnnect with ur family’s past but als allws us t create new memries. One day, I hpe my bys ____13____ (carry) n these traditins, passing the stries and recipes t their wn children.
B
On Nvember 17, 2024, China’s first dmestically built cean drilling ship, Mengxiang, r “Dream,” ____14____ (enter) service in Guangzhu. Mengxiang is the largest scientific research ship ever built in China. Its mst remarkable feature is its ability t drill as deep as 11 kilmeters belw the sea flr. After samples ____15____ (cllect) the ship’s autmated system brings them abard fr analysis in nine labratries specializing in ____16____ (field) such as gelgy and micrbilgy. The ship’s unique prpulsin (推进) system imprves safety, ____17____ (enable) it t perate in rugh sea cnditins and even during super typhns.
C
In the future, we may n lnger need chemical pesticides (农药) t help crps grw. Chinese scientists have discvered a small mlecule (分子) called 2’cADPR in plant cells that can stimulate immunity. This mlecule may be develped int a new type f
bipesticide. “Once this bipesticide is put int use, it will wrk when ___18___ (apply) t the plant surface,” said Wan Li, ne f the researchers. “Based n existing scientific knwledge, it has the ptential t be used n varius plants ___19___ (fight) many diseases.” Wan als mentined that the small mlecule has already started prductin. The next step is t cntinue testing its effectiveness in the field, with the hpe f putting it int ___20___ (practice) use sn.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Thank yu fr yur interest in vlunteering at Brightview Children’s Research Hspital. Each year, hundreds f vlunteers dnate their time and prvide much-needed supprt t ur patients and their families. Vlunteers serve in a variety f rles, delivering the care and services ur patient families deserve.
Rles:
• Playing games and prviding activities fr children.
• Prviding temprary care in clinical/inpatient settings.
• Delivering drinks, tys, and ther necessary items frm varius carts.
• Prviding directins and assisting with drs.
Qualificatins:
• Be at least 18 years f age and nt attending high schl. Thse under 18 must have written permissin frm a parent r legal guardian.
• Cmmit t at least eight cntinuus mnths f service, including cmpleting three r mre fur-hur shifts each mnth.
• Pass a criminal backgrund check. Backgrund screening may include criminal histry, educatin histry, and credit reprts.
• Required vaccinatins (疫苗接种): Flu vaccinatin during flu seasn and annually; Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR); Chickenpx; and Tuberculsis (TB) screening and clearance.
Vlunteer Cde f Cnduct and Ethics:
• D nt make cmmitments yu may be unable t fulfill. Fr day-f-event rles, if yu cannt appear fr r cmplete the shift(s) yu registered fr, cancel yur registratin at least ne week prir t the scheduled rle r shift.
• When using the Internet, be aware f yur surrundings. Cnsider hw yur behavir might be perceived by patients r thers nearby. Never pst anything abut patients r members n scial media, even if yu mit names r think yu’ve remved all identifiers.
• Vlunteers shuld never ffer advice r guidance t patients abut medical, persnal, financial, r ther decisins, even if asked. Encurage patients t discuss their cncerns with apprpriate staff.
• It is nt apprpriate t becme friends with patients. Vlunteers are encuraged t be friendly, caring, and supprtive while maintaining prfessinal bundaries and fllwing prfessinal standards.
If yu have specific questins abut individual vlunteer pprtunities at Brightview, please read ur Hspital Vlunteer FAQs r cntact vlunteers@Brightview.rg.
21. What d vlunteers at Brightview d?
A. Deliver takeut. B. Make drinks and tys. C. Prvide cnsistent care. D. Guide peple in the right directin.
22. Accrding t this passage, wh is qualified fr the pst?
A. A cllege student wh wants t take a six-mnth gap.
B. A full-time husewife wh is sensitive t flu vaccines.
C. A 50-year-ld self-emplyed persn wh is willing t wrk shifts.
D. An 18-year-ld high schl student wh wants t be a dctr in the future.
23. Which cde f cnduct shuld vlunteers fllw?
A. Avid using the Internet in the hspital.
B. Give patients persnal advice when cnfident.
C. Remve patients’ names when psting phts n scial media.
D. Cancel the registratin at least 7 days in advance if they cannt cme.
B
After the deadly hurricane in Octber, Taylr Schenker, wh lives in Cantn, Nrth Carlina, near hard-hit Asheville, went fr a walk with her friend t check ut the hmes destryed in the disaster.
“We spent abut fur hurs digging thrugh the mud, lking fr any belngings we culd find,” Schenker said. During the prcess, she fund sme phtgraphs that didn’t belng t them and laid them ut, hping they culd be reunited with their wners. Schenker said that thinking abut the phts she had left behind kept her up that night. She was afraid that if it rained r the wind blew, the phts wuldn’t be able t be reunited with their families.
The next day, Schenker went back t cllect the phts and ended up finding mre—abut 200 f them—cntaining schl prtraits, birthday cards, and images f childhd friends and families n vacatin. She said it was clear that the phts belnged t multiple families, and she understd hw special such memries culd be t them.
Realizing hw many imprtant family memries she nw had in her pssessin, she created the Phts frm Helene page—a virtual lst-and-fund where peple culd recgnize and reclaim their phts. She hped peple wuld recgnize the phts n her page and that wrd f muth wuld help reunite them with their rightful wners.
Schenker tk the phts hme, cleaned them ff, and rganized them int flders and bins fr safekeeping until they culd be returned t their wners. Schenker mailed phts t peple wh were n lnger in the area, but she als hand-delivered thse that belnged t families wh still lived nearby. Each reunin served as a heartwarming reminder f the imprtance f her wrk.
In ne instance, Becky Tate and her daughter bth recgnized their phts n the nline page. Tate’s daughter, Nancy, cmmented that her mm was in tears when they made the discvery.
“The prcess is definitely fulfilling,” Schenker said. “It’s enjyable t witness the mment when a phtgraph is returned t its rightful wner, and t bserve peple in the cmments mentining each ther and sharing their thughts and saying, ‘Oh my gsh, yu just reminded me f this mment in my life that I had ttally frgtten abut.’”
She said she chse the name fr her page because mst f the phts they’ve seen cme ut f the hurricane shw the devastatin (破坏) left behind—but her Phts frm Helene are happy memries f Asheville and the lives there.
24. What can we knw abut the phts n Schenker’s page?
A. They were all prf f the hurricane.
B. They were seriusly damaged in the strm.
C. They were left behind by sme families n purpse.
D. They were discvered in areas impacted by the hurricane.
25. Which sentence best expresses Schenker’s mtivatin fr her page?
A. “The hurricane destryed everything in its path.”
B. “I wanted t clean the phts and keep them as memries.”
C. “I realized hw imprtant these phts must be t smene.”
D. “It was just s sad t see s many phts spread and damaged.”
26. Why were Schenker’s actins imprtant after the hurricane?
A. They gave cmfrt t thse affected.
B. They inspired thers t vlunteer and help.
C. They prvided supplies t families in need.
D. They raised awareness f survivrs’ struggles.
27. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Schenker?
A. Curius. B. Caring. C. Ambitius. D. Adventurus.
C
In recent research, my clleagues and I set ut t investigate the neural (神经的) mechanisms underlying experiences like slving challenging prblems. Specifically, we wanted t understand what happens in the brain while a persn engages in abstract and demanding thught—s we designed a study invlving math expertise.
Fr ur experiment, we selected 22 university students majring in mathematics, alng with 22 students frm ther disciplines. We asked the students t watch step-by-step presentatins that explained hw t slve several challenging math prblems. Thrughut this demnstratin, the students wre a cap cvered with electrdes (电极) s that we culd track electrical activity in their brains. After each presentatin, they had t reprt whether they thught they had understd the presentatins and hw engaged they felt during the experience.
We fund that students whse cursewrk invlved little mathematics shwed mre signs f cmplex activity in the prefrntal crtex (皮层), indicating hw hard they were wrking t understand the varius steps f the cmplex math demnstratins. Hwever, in the ther grup, we nted significant activity linking the frntal and parietal (顶骨) regins f their brain. Mre specifically, these areas exhibited a pattern f activity described as delta waves.
Sme recent research suggests that these delta waves may play a crucial rle in the cgnitive (认知的) prcessing that supprts deep internal cncentratin and the relcatin f infrmatin between distant brain regins. In fact, we suspect that the lng-distance delta waves we bserved may play a central rle whenever peple engage in cntextual and cmplex prblem-slving. This suggests that engaging brain netwrks in this way culd be useful fr many tasks requiring cncentratin. It’s likely that when peple with extensive experience in a task are deeply engaged in that effrt, these same delta waves are invlved, even as the specific brain netwrks vary. It’s als pssible—thugh we’ll need t investigate further t be sure—that this state f deep cncentratin is generalizable: develping this way f thinking in ne dmain culd help yu in thers.
These findings suggest a trade-ff that peple shuld keep in mind—particularly as artificial intelligence and ther tls ffer shrtcuts fr varius frms f prblem-slving. Each time we fflad a prblem t a calculatr r ask AI t summarize an essay, we lse an pprtunity t imprve ur wn skills and practice deep cncentratin. T be clear, technlgies can bst ur efficiency in imprtant ways, but the seemingly “inefficient” hard wrk we d can be pwerful, t.
28. Based n the study results, hw d Math majrs prcess challenging math prblems differently frm nn-Math majrs?
A. They experience less engagement during prblem-slving tasks.
B. They use mre areas f their prefrntal crtex t slve prblems.
C. They display delta wave activity linking frntal and parietal regins.
D. They shw slwer verall brain activity during cmplex prblem-slving.
29. What des the underlined wrd “trade-ff” in the last paragraph prbably refer t?
A. Weighing shrt-term efficiency against lasting cgnitive benefits.
B. Chsing between immediate cnvenience and faster results.
C. Sacrificing technlgy’s advantage fr human cmpetitin.
D. Deciding between human effrt and advanced tls.
30. Which f the fllwing best summarizes the authr’s view n the rle f “inefficient” wrk?
A. It allws the brain t build skills that are transferable t ther tasks.
B. It wastes time and resurces cmpared t using technlgy.
C. It imprves engagement but has n cgnitive benefits.
D. It helps thse wh are gd at subjects like math.
31. What is the best title fr the passage?
A. Which t Chse: Efficiency r Hard Wrk?
B. What Benefits Us Mre: AI Tls r Deep Cncentratin?
C. Emplying Cmplex Math Prblems t Enhance Delta Waves
D. Develping Expertise Imprves the Brain’s Ability t Cncentrate
D
In the early 1900s, an American chemist named Harvey W. Wiley led the famus “Pisn Squad” experiment. His studies revealed the dangers f unregulated (未经监管的) fd additives and raised public awareness abut the imprtance f knwing what was in the fd they cnsumed. Hwever, it wasn’t until nearly 90 years later that cmpanies in the U.S. began disclsing the ingredients inside the bxes, cans, and bags that lined grcery stre shelves.
cntent nline. This, in turn, wrsened their symptms, creating a destructive cycle. T break this cycle, we intrduced cntent labels that prvided users with emtinal “nutritin infrmatin” abut the websites they were abut t visit. Wuld this webpage make yu feel better r wrse? Was it full f negativity, r was it likely t brighten yur md? When users were shwn these labels n the search engine results page, they were far less likely t click n negative cntent. As a result, this led t imprved md after brwsing (浏览).
Hwever, it’s imprtant t nte that yu wuldn’t want peple t make decisins slely based n the emtinal tne f a website. Staying infrmed abut the wrld—despite the ptential fr sadness r anxiety—is ften essential. T address this, we develped a plugin that prvides users with nt nly labels abut a website’s emtinal tne but als scres indicating the practicality, helpfulness, and ability f the infrmatin t enhance understanding. These scres, displayed n the search engine results page, are calculated using a machine learning algrithm (运算法则) trained n thusands f human assessments.
Anne-Linda Camerini, a researcher specializing in digital media and mental health, pinted ut that while much f the fcus n mental health and technlgy has been n limiting screen time, the type f cntent we cnsume is just as critical. This shift culd transfrm the cnversatin arund mental health and technlgy. Instead f framing the Internet as inherently harmful, cntent labels ffer a way t create a healthier digital experience. Just as nutritin labels empwer peple t make better fd chices, cntent labels culd enable users t make smarter, healthier decisins nline.
Fast-frward t tday, and it’s hard t imagine walking thrugh a supermarket withut seeing these labels. Yet, when we surf the Internet—anther essential marketplace in ur lives—we ften absrb vast amunts f digital infrmatin withut any understanding f its emtinal r mental “nutritinal value.” But what if every webpage came with a cntent label?
A study we cnducted, published tday in Nature Human Behavir, revealed that individuals with prer mental health tended t seek ut mre negative and frightening
32. What des the authr intend t d by mentining Harvey’s studies?
A. Make a cmparisn. B. Illustrate a pint. C. Suggest an alternative. D. Challenge an assumptin.
33. Accrding t the passage, hw d cntent labels aim t create a healthier digital experience?
A. By encuraging users t avid the Internet altgether. B. By shwing emtinal tne and website usefulness.
C. By training users t spend less time nline. D. By restricting access t negative cntent.
34. What is the purpse f this passage?
A. T stress the necessity f categrizing webpages.
B. T suggest new slutins t mental health prblems.
C. T criticize scial media sites fr spreading negativity.
D. T highlight the imprtance f regulating nline cntent.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What fd d yu lve? What fd d yu hate? If yu ask arund, yu’ll sn see there’s n right r wrng answer—it’s all a questin f taste. ____35____ Rather, scientists have discvered that taste is influenced by ur genes and DNA.
Our scientific understanding f taste began just 25 years ag with the discvery f taste receptrs—cells lcated n the tngue’s surface. ____36____ What tastes sweet t me might taste sur r salty t smene else, and this is because f differences in the receptrs we’re brn with. In ther wrds, taste is partly genetic.
Accrding t Danielle Reed, a researcher at the Mnell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia, “When we first started ding genetic studies, we really just limited urselves t lking at a few Eurpeans, peple f Eurpean ancestry. ____37____ We are bradening ur hrizns and studying peple f Asian and African ancestry, and that has really pened up the knwledge that peple are much mre diverse than we ever realized. Taste isn’t a matter f pinin. ____38____”
But if scientists are telling us taste is largely genetic, what abut restaurant critics and wine cnnisseurs—peple whse jb is t tell us what t eat and drink? Are their pinins any better than ur wn? David Kermde, a wine judge fr the Internatinal Wine and Spirits Cmpetitin, admits that while scientists have shwn taste is largely individual and genetic, persnal taste remains subjective. “____39____ But they are encuraged t set thse prejudices aside.”
A. It’s a matter f bilgy.
B. It is actually the number-ne driver fr fd chice.
C. Hwever, individual taste experience is highly subjective.
D. But ur taste, it turns ut, isn’t simply a matter f pinin.
E. Peple all have their wn persnal prejudices in whatever aspect f life they want t g int.
F. And s, ur understanding f the brad diversity f humans n the planet was extremely limited.
G. Fr researchers in scial sciences, taste is a brader cncept related t traditin, gegraphy, culture, as well as scial relatins.
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
At the airprt recently, I witnessed a mment f unexpected jy. A ne-year-ld by, still mastering his wbbly (摇晃的) first steps, tddled (蹒跚行走) with fierce determinatin, his little legs wrking hard t find balance. His mm, glwing with pride, shared that he had just started walking. Each time he fell, he sprang right back up—and smething beautiful happened. Strangers—yung and ld, frm every backgrund and crner f life—began cheering him n, united in encuragement fr this tiny explrer. In that brief mment, we came tgether t celebrate smething simple yet prfund: the beauty f prgress.
This gt me thinking: When did we stp cheering fr the “wbbles” in ur wn lives? When did we start treating every fall as a failure instead f an essential step frward? As adults, we ften lse sight f hw imprtant it is t celebrate small wins. We wait fr the big milestnes—a prmtin, a degree, r a majr achievement—befre we allw urselves (and thers) t feel wrthy f applause. But research shws that it’s the little victries, the everyday prgress, that drive mtivatin and lng-term success.
In their research n creativity and mtivatin, Harvard Business Schl prfessr Teresa Amabile and psychlgist Steven Kramer develped what they call The Prgress Principle. Their studies revealed that ne f the mst significant factrs
in sustaining mtivatin isn’t achieving majr breakthrughs—it’s making cnsistent prgress, n matter hw small. Even seemingly minr accmplishments can cause a psitive emtinal respnse that bsts mtivatin and enhances perfrmance.
Small wins, Amabile explains, create an “upward prgressin.” Each little victry reinfrces ur belief that prgress is pssible, even when the final gal feels distant. The prblem is that, as adults, we ften dismiss small wins as insignificant Instead f celebrating small mments f prgress, we fcus n hw far we still have t g, leaving us feeling stuck and unmtivated.
This brings us back t the tddler at the airprt. Every stumble (蹒跚) he made wasn’t met with criticism r a strict reminder f hw much mre he had t learn—it was met with cheers and encuragement. Imagine hw different ur lives might feel if we celebrated each ther, and urselves, the way we cheered fr that tddler: fr trying, fr wbbling, and fr getting back up.
40. What did the strangers at the airprt cme tgether t celebrate as the little by tried t walk?
41. Accrding t the authr, hw d adults ften treat small wins?
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
> Accrding t The Prgress Principle, ne f the mst significant factrs in sustaining mtivatin is achieving majr breakthrughs.
43. Give ne example f yur real-life “wbbles”. (In abut 40 wrds)
第二节（20分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友 Jim 要组织一次主题为 “A Message t Spring” 的学生活动，发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 活动内容；
2. 你的理由。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
Yurs,
Li Hua
（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）
北京市西城区 2024—2025 学年度第一学期期末试卷高三英语答案及评分参考答案
2025.1
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
1. B 2. A 3. C. 4. D 5. B
6. A 7. C 8. C 9. A 10. D
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
11. which 12. t 13. will carry 14. entered 15. are cllected
16. fields 17. enabling 18. applied 19. t fight 20. practical
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
21. D 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. C 26. A 27—29. BCAA 31—34. DBBA
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
35—39. DCFAE
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
40. The beauty f prgress.
41. Adults ften treat small wins as insignificant and dismiss them.
42. Accrding t The Prgress Principle, ne f the mst significant factrs in sustaining mtivatin is achieving majr breakthrughs.
Accrding t the passage, ne f the mst significant factrs in sustaining mtivatin isn’t achieving majr breakthrughs—it’s making cnsistent prgress, n matter hw small.
43. Once I was learning t ride a bike. I kept falling, but thse “wbbles” were steps t finally riding well. It was a prcess f small wins and falls.
第二节（20分）
范文：
Dear Jim,
Great t hear frm yu! Here’s an idea fr yur activity: a flwer seed-planting event.
Start by inviting a lcal farmer t give a shrt talk n basic gardening techniques. Afterward, prvide participants with flwer seeds and schedule a day t plant them in a designated area n campus. T make it meaningful, give each student a card titled “A Message t Spring,” where they can write dwn their persnal gals fr the upcming seasn.
This activity is bth fun and symblic. The flwers will pen in spring, brightening the campus, while the act f planting seeds represents hpe and persnal grwth. It’s a wnderful way t cnnect persnal develpment with the seasn f renewal.
Hpe this helps, and gd luck with yur activity.
Yurs,
Li Hua