甘肃临夏州高中2024-2025学年高一上学期期末质量检测 英语试题（含解析）

这是一份甘肃临夏州高中2024-2025学年高一上学期期末质量检测 英语试题（含解析），共15页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）
Rescue dgs are lking fr adpting (收养) hmes.
·Name: Ruby (female)
Age: 5 — 7 years ld
Ruby lves t explre new places and have fun. Ruby needs a patient family wh can treat her like a princess. She can als live with children in the hme. Ruby des have sme medical cnsideratins that will require extra mney fr lifelng medicine.
·Name: Reggy (male)
Age: 2-5 years ld
Reggy is friendly and lvely. He’ll need an active family, where the yungest family members are ver the age f 18, wh can manage his size and strength. He’s a great traveller in the car. Reggy must be the nly pet and requires a safe garden.
·Name: Maggy (female)
Age: Over 8 years ld
Maggy likes the cmpany f her humans althugh she is shy. She will be lking fr a hme where the yungest family members are ver 19. While unable t live with cats, Maggy is happy t live with a well-suited dg. Travelling in the car is challenging. Her new family shuld be physically able t lift her int a car in case f emergencies (紧急情况) .
·Name: Axel (male)
Age: 2-5 years ld
Axel is happy and cmfrtable arund children at the age f 8 years and ver. He is a ttal cuch ptat in the hme! This lving dg is able t be left hme alne fr arund 4-5 hurs a day cmfrtably, as this is what he’s used t.
1．What is prbably the majr cncern t adpt Ruby?
A．Cst.B．Space.C．Strength.D．Time.
2．Which dg best suits peple wh are busy with wrk during the day?
A．Ruby.B．Maggy.C．Axel.D．Reggy.
3．What d Maggy and Reggy have in cmmn?
A．They lve travelling in the car.B．Their new wners shuld be adults.
C．They can live tgether with anther pet.D．They can get int the car independently.
After my divrce (离婚) , as I was crying and crying, my mther hugged me and said, “Sarah, dn’t sweat the small stuff. And guess what? It’s all small stuff.” And I was like, “Mm. . . that’s the sign abve the sfa.” I turned arund and pinted it ut t her. “Did yu just read that t me?” That’s when I realized she’s just been reading the wall signs, which we used t decrate ur huse, in rder t give me sme advice.
When I was anxius abut smething, she’d say, “Yu’ll crss that bridge when yu cme t it.” When I was a kid, my mm wuld dress my hair, and it was always kntty and it always hurt, and she’d say, “Beauty feels n pain.”
Six years int my marriage, my mm wished me a happy anniversary. And then she said, “Yu knw, Sarah, the seventh year is always the hardest. It’s the seven- year itch (痒) .”
“Mm, that’s a mvie, nt a real thing,” I said.
But she believed it was true. She said her hardest year with my dad was the seventh year. And nly later did I realize that I was brn arund the seventh year f their marriage. Fur mnths after she cursed (诅咒) me with the mvie, I was asking fr a divrce.
Fr my mm’s birthday the next year, I gt her a sticker that says “It is what it is.” I gt it as a jke because it’s the mst cmmn and verused phrase. I thught she’d laugh. Instead, she lved it. She hung it abve the mirrr in the hallway next t the bathrm.
My mm has always been fnd f sayings. Nw when I call her and she says, “It is what it is,” I knw where she’s sitting.
4．Why were the wall signs put up?
A．T give Mm sme help.B．T match with the sfa.
C．T make the huse mre beautiful.D．T cmfrt me after my failure in the marriage.
5．Why did the mther mentin “the seven-year itch”?
A．She wanted her daughter t get divrced.
B．She believed the mvie was meaningful.
C．She thught her daughter shuld give birth t a baby.
D．She reminded her daughter f the hardship in a marriage.
6．Which f the fllwing best describes my mther?
A．Caring and sensible.B．Eager and creative.
C．Annying and independent.D．Cnfident and hnest.
7．What is the text mainly abut?
A．Telling childhd stries.B．Using sayings n the wall in daily life.
C．Knwing my mther’s psitins.D．Sharing unfrgettable experiences.
Have yu ever wndered why creative peple seem t spt things that thers miss? Whether it’s an inventr wh finds a creative slutin t a familiar prblem r an artist wh paints a landscape in a fresh way, many creative peple have a special ability t find smething meaningful even in the dull life. Research suggests this is just because the differences in the way smene’s brain deals with infrmatin might actually fuel creative thinking.
My wrk explres the ways in which creative peple priritise (给予优先权) infrmatin differently t their less creative wrkmates. In ne f ur studies, my research team and I used a classic task t see hw the brain reacts t anther type f high pririty infrmatin: surprising infrmatin. Participants listened t mstly repetitive auditry (听觉的) tnes, while their brain activity was recrded with an electrencephalgram (脑电图) . Typically, peple’s brains react t the rare shcking sunds with a clear peak in neural activity, knwn as the P300, which shws surprise. But fr creative peple? We find this peak is less prnunced.
In ther wrds, it seems that creative peple dn’t see unusual infrmatin as quite s unusual. This may ffer a big advantage fr creative thinking because it is unclear what’s typical r what’s nt, allwing unusual ideas t be cnsidered — and making sure that the mst clear parts f a prblem d nt take up all the attentin. The idea that creativity and attentin are cnnected isn’t new.
Research has lng shwn cnnectins between creativity and different types f attentin. Our research is suggesting that these differences in attentin may cme dwn t the ways in which ur brains deal with data. This is the prcess by which new data is unknwingly given imprtance, making certain infrmatin stand ut frm the rest. This prcess is clsely tied t attentin but als plays a majr rle in encuraging thughts and actins in reactin t imprtant infrmatin. This encuraging aspect seems t be key t understanding hw the prcess will supprt creative thinking.
8．What can we learn abut creative peple frm the first paragraph?
A．They always deal with simple prblems.B．They can create smething in a new way.
C．They have a special ability t see things.D．They cme up with new ideas by chance.
9．What are rdinary peple like when listening t the rare shcking sunds?
A．Cnfused.B．Delighted.C．Surprised.D．Ashamed.
10．Hw d creative peple deal with unusual infrmatin?
A．They pay mre attentin t it.B．They think it mre imprtant.
C．They see it as smething new.D．They cnsider it t be nrmal.
11．What is pssibly the best title fr the text?
A．Why creativity is picking up n what thers miss ut?
B．Hw men arund yu are mre imaginative than yu?
C．What yu can get while prcessing sme infrmatin?
D．Why attentin is never imprtant t creative thinking?
A grup f internatinal scientists recently annunced they had made a map f the whle “brain” f an adult fruit fly. They said the milestne wuld prvide new knwledge abut the brains f all animals including humans.
The research gives details f mre than 50 millin cnnectins between 139, 000 neurns (神经元) , which are nerve cells in the brain f the fruit fly. The scientific name f the animal is Drsphila melangaster. It is ften used in scientific experiments, especially studies f nerve cells. The researchers wanted t find ut exactly hw the brain cells perate when they are healthy and nrmal.
Sebastian Seung was ne f the leaders f the research, which was published as a series f studies in Nature. Seung is a prfessr at Princetn University in New Jersey. He said, “Yu might be asking why we shuld care abut the brain f a fruit fly. My simple answer is that if we can truly understand hw any brain functins, it’s sure t tell us smething abut all brains.”
The brain f a fruit fly is small — less than ne millimeter wide. But sme scientists are very interested in it. “It’s beautiful,” said Cambridge researcher Gregry Jefferis. The researchers created what they called a “wiring diagram” f an adult fruit fly. It was als called a “nerve cell cnnectins” map.
The gal was t create a map that shws hw neurns cnnect t ne anther and hw they perate. Similar research has been dne with simpler frms f life. Fr example, scientists have mapped the “brain” f a wrm which is very tiny and cmmn. They have als mapped the neural material f the larval (幼虫的) frm f the fruit fly. But the adult fruit fly was mre cmplex. The idea was t link the neural cnnectins t the behavir f the animal.
Mala Murthy was anther c-leader f the research frm Princetn. Murthy said, “One f the majr questins we’re addressing is hw the wiring in the brain, its neurns and cnnectins, can give rise t animal behavir.”
12．What is the milestne mentined in Paragraph 1 aimed at?
A．Getting a flying line map f a cmmn fly.B．Prviding new knwledge abut the brains.
C．Describing all functins f cell cnnectins.D．Telling an adult fruit fly’s brain is cmplex.
13．What is the attitude f Sebastian Seung t the finding?
A．He cnsiders it very imprtant.B．He discvers nthing meaningful.
C．He treats it as smething helpless.D．He shws n interest in a fruit fly.
14．Hw des the authr supprt the tpic f the text?
A．By explaining cncepts.B．By listing sme figures.
C．By guessing the results.D．By shwing the studies.
15．What des the underlined wrd “addressing” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Giving up.B．Selecting ut.C．Dealing with.D．Taking ver.
If yu feel sad r anxius during the winter mnths, yu're nt alne. Seasnal depressin (抑郁) , als called seasnal affective disrder (SAD) , is a mental health cnditin that peple always experience during winter. 16 Here are sme things yu can d t feel better.
Cmmunicate mre with thers. Peple wh suffer frm depressin dn't feel like cmmunicating with thers. 17 It can als help if yu find ways t keep up with hbbies r activities that yu enjy, which helps yu t adapt t the seasnal changes.
Exercise utside when yu can. Mving yur bdy can relieve and even help reduce seasnal depressin. Multiple studies have fund a cnnectin between physical activity and a lwer risk fr depressin. 18 Even if it is very cld utside, staying active and utside n sunny days can be really helpful.
19 Since a lack f sunlight may lead t depressin, peple with seasnal depressin may find light therapy (疗法) wrk well. Sitting in frnt f a bright light can make up fr sme f the natural light yu're missing ut n in the winter. Hwever, yu wn't get such benefits frm staring at a TV r phne screen. In fact, a recent study fund that mre than an hur f screen time a day was linked t a higher risk f depressin.
Staying scially cnnected, engaging in regular physical activity—especially utdrs—and cnsidering tls like light therapy can imprve yur md in the winter. 20
A．Reduce the negative effects f light.
B．Try light therapy, but limit screen time.
C．If yu're at wrk, take a walk at lunchtime.
D．It can be really hard t take part in scial activities.
E．Interacting with friends and families can cheer yu up.
F．If yu feel even wrse than ever, turn t dctrs fr help.
G．Having less daylight is believed t be ne f the reasns fr it.
二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）
Melanie, a blind wman, has cmpleted ne f the tughest challenges f her life — swimming acrss the English Channel. She 21 at 4: 30 am frm Shakespeare Beach in Britain and reached France 12 hurs and 20 minutes later, which was 22 than her expected time f 14 hurs.
Unlike the 23 envirnment f a swimming pl, there are mre 24 in pen waters, such as strng waves and passing bats. She achieved this swimming with valuable supprt 25 by Guide Dgs, a charity that enabled the blind like Melanie t lead lives full f independence. In fact, Guide Dgs has been supprting her fr mre than ten years, and her first dg Dave gave her cnfidence and 26 her t accept her blindness.
Melanie was brn with blindness in ne eye and with 27 eyesight in the ther, but she did nt want disability t 28 her. As she grew lder, she fund her lve fr 29 . Althugh she started swimming later than ther swimmers, Melanie quickly made a 30 .
By the time she 31 frm swimming in 2000, she had 32 tw glds, tw silvers, and a brnze at the Paralympic Games (残奥会) , alng with many wrld 33 in swimming games.
Hwever, she believed that she was a great athlete nt because she was blind, but because she 34 hard and put all her energy int swimming. It's such 35 that made her athlete dream a reality.
21．A．set ffB．gave upC．paid ffD．dealt with
22．A．lngerB．clserC．shrterD．larger
23．A．tughB．cntrlledC．unstableD．clean
24．A．cyclesB．musclesC．diseasesD．challenges
25．A．defendedB．vertakenC．prvidedD．decrated
26．A．scaredB．greetedC．calmedD．inspired
27．A．amazingB．limitedC．gdD．extra
28．A．defeatB．hurtC．catchD．anny
29．A．skatebardB．ftballC．waterD．glf
30．A．wishB．replyC．shiftD．difference
31．A．stppedB．retiredC．quitD．hid
32．A．triedB．lstC．wnD．aimed
33．A．champinsB．vlunteersC．expertsD．prfessinals
34．A．studiedB．adaptedC．trainedD．revised
35．A．methdB．beliefC．effectD．creativity
三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Seven villages in China were recgnized amng the Best Turism Villages 2024 by the United Natins Wrld Turism Organizatin. Xiagang village in East China’s Anhui Prvince is ne f them, due 36 its histric imprtance.
In 1978, 18 lcal farmers made a decisin t individually farm cllective (集体的) land, 37 (set) a new beginning fr China’s rural refrm. Turists can nw visit the little huse 38 the villagers signed the first agreement. Besides, an exhibitin hall 39 (build) in 2006 t display China’s rural refrm and achievements.
The village als hsts clrful 40 (event) such as grape culture festivals and harvest festivals 41 (develp) turism and cultural exchange. Visitrs tday can nt nly enjy Fengyang flwer-drum sngs and paper-cutting, 42 learn abut the traditinal methds f making vinegar (醋) and even buy sme as suvenirs.
43 number f visitrs frm January t Octber was 412, 000 and the ttal incme f the village increased frm 4. 1 millin yuan in 2012 t 14. 2 millin yuan in 2023. With mre jb pprtunities 44 (prvide), mre and mre lcals and cllege graduates return t their hmetwn fr wrk. In 45 (add), the cultural and turism industry des gd t the village’s develpment, shwing the spirit f cntemprary (当代的) Chinese rural areas.
四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）
46．假定你是李华，你校英文报“My Senir High Schl Life”现面向高一学生征集稿件，请用英文写一篇短文并投稿。内容包括：1.高中生活的收获与遗憾；2.对下学期的展望。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Senir High Schl Life
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五、书面表达（本大题共1小题）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Every time I lked at myself in the mirrr I saw a figure that I believed was far frm perfect, feeling pwerless and hpeless. This situatin led t a deep sense f appearance anxiety that had almst ruined my cnfidence day by day.
In high schl, every day I sat in the crner f my classrm, anxius and wrried, and I wuld nt say a single wrd. I had always been knwn abut my appearance. S I guessed nbdy wuld like t chat with me. Their unkind wrds and rude attitudes cut deep like sharp knives. I wuld hear their wrds and laughter that seemed t fld int me. Smetimes, I wuld find my belngings mved r ntes with hurtful wrds left n my desk, which added t my sadness and made me afraid f talking with thers.
My days were filled with sadness and tiredness. I walked thrugh the halls with my head dwn, trying t avid lking at their eyes. I wuld sit alne in class, lst in my wn thughts f self-dubt. My grades began t suffer and I felt that I came int a never-ending cycle f sadness.
My parents lved me very much. After a lng day at schl I came back hme, Mm and Dad wuld give me a big warm hug, and these simple gestures were a cmmn way they expressed lve t me. Hwever, they didn't knw what I was wrried abut, and they didn't understand what the pressure cming frm my classmates was. Things were getting wrse and wrse.
Hwever, everything changed when a new student came t my class. Her name was Mlly. Mlly entered the rm with a bright smile and an air f cnfidence. At first, I didn't pay much attentin t her. I was t cnsumed by my wn trubles. But Mlly seemed t ntice me and wuld always greet me with a warm smile and a friendly wave.
注意：1. 续写词数应为 150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One day, Mlly walked t me with a smile n her face.
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Frm that day n, Mlly became my nly friend.
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参考答案
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B
【分析】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了四只待收养的狗狗的基本信息。
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Ruby des have sme medical cnsideratins that will require extra mney fr lifelng medicine.(Ruby确实有一些医疗方面的考虑，这将需要额外的钱来终身服药)”可知，收养Ruby可能最关心的是成本问题。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Axel is happy and cmfrtable arund children at the age f 8 years and ver. He is a ttal cuch ptat in the hme! This lving dg is able t be left hme alne fr arund 4-5 hurs a day cmfrtably, as this is what he’s used t.(Axel和8岁及以上的孩子在一起时很开心，也很自在。他在家里完全是个电视迷！这只可爱的狗每天可以舒服地独自留在家里4-5个小时，因为他已经习惯了这样)”可知，Axel适合白天忙于工作的人。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Reggy is friendly and lvely. He’ll need an active family, where the yungest family members are ver the age f 18.(Reggy友好可爱。他需要一个活跃的家庭，家里最小的家庭成员要超过18岁)”和最后一段“Maggy likes the cmpany f her humans althugh she is shy. She will be lking fr a hme where the yungest family members are ver 19.(Maggy喜欢和人类在一起，尽管她很害羞。她将寻找一个家里最小的家庭成员超过19岁的家)”可知，Maggy和Reggy的共同之处是他们的新主人应该是成年人。故选B。
【答案】4．C 5．D 6．A 7．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者离婚后，母亲通过家里墙上装饰用的标语以及常用的俗语来给予作者建议和安慰，作者也通过给母亲送写有俗语的贴纸来开玩笑，体现了母亲对作者的关心以及俗语在日常生活中的运用。
【解析】4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“And I was like, “'s the sign abve the sfa.” I turned arund and pinted it ut t her. “Did yu just read that t me?” That's when I realized she's just been reading the wall signs, which we used t decrate ur huse, in rder t give me sme advice.(我说：“妈妈……那是沙发上方的标志。”我转过身指给她看。“你是刚刚读给我听的吗？”那时我才意识到她只是在读我们用来装饰房子的墙上的标志，目的是给我一些建议)”可知，墙上挂标志是为了装饰房子，让房子更漂亮。故选C项。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Six years int my marriage, my mm wished me a happy anniversary. And then she said, “Yu knw, Sarah, the seventh year is always the hardest. It's the seven - year itch.”(我结婚六年后，妈妈祝我周年快乐。然后她说：“你知道吗，萨拉，第七年总是最难的。这是七年之痒”)”可知，母亲提到“七年之痒”，可推理出母亲是想提醒女儿婚姻中的艰难。故选D项。
6．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“my mther hugged me and said, “Sarah, dn't sweat the small stuff. And guess what? It's all small stuff.”(我妈妈拥抱我说：“萨拉，别为小事烦恼。你知道吗？都是小事。”)”以及第三段“Six years int my marriage, my mm wished me a happy anniversary. And then she said, “Yu knw, Sarah, the seventh year is always the hardest. It's the seven - year itch.”(我结婚六年后，妈妈祝我周年快乐。然后她说：“你知道吗，萨拉，第七年总是最难的。这是七年之痒”)”可知，母亲在作者焦虑时用俗语开导作者，以及在作者结婚六周年时提醒她“七年之痒”等行为可以看出，母亲很关心作者。同时，母亲通过引用这些话来表达自己的观点，说明她比较明智，能用恰当的方式表达想法，故选A项。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“And I was like, “'s the sign abve the sfa.” I turned arund and pinted it ut t her. “Did yu just read that t me?” That's when I realized she's just been reading the wall signs, which we used t decrate ur huse, in rder t give me sme advice.(我说：“妈妈……那是沙发上方的标志。”我转过身指给她看。“你是刚刚读给我听的吗？”那时我才意识到她只是在读我们用来装饰房子的墙上的标志，目的是给我一些建议)”、第三段“Six years int my marriage, my mm wished me a happy anniversary. And then she said, “Yu knw, Sarah, the seventh year is always the hardest. It's the seven - year itch.”(我结婚六年后，妈妈祝我周年快乐。然后她说：“你知道吗，萨拉，第七年总是最难的。这是七年之痒”)”以及最后一段“My mm has always been fnd f sayings. Nw when I call her and she says, “It is what it is,” I knw where she's sitting(我妈一直很喜欢说一些格言。现在当我打电话给她，她说“事情就是这个样子”的时候，我就知道她坐在哪里了)”可知，文章主要讲述了母亲在日常生活中使用墙上的俗语来对作者进行安慰并给作者建议。故选B项。
【答案】8．B 9．C 10．D 11．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了创造性人群能发现别人忽略的东西的原因。
【解析】8．推理判断题。根据第一段“Whether it’s an inventr wh finds a creative slutin t a familiar prblem r an artist wh paints a landscape in a fresh way, many creative peple have a special ability t find smething meaningful even in the dull life.(无论是发明家为熟悉的问题找到创造性的解决方案，还是艺术家以新颖的方式描绘风景，许多有创造力的人都有一种特殊的能力，即使在枯燥的生活中也能找到有意义的东西。)”可知，创造性人群能以新的方式创造东西。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Typically, peple’s brains react t the rare shcking sunds with a clear peak in neural activity, knwn as the P300, which shws surprise.(通常，人们的大脑对罕见的令人震惊的声音的反应是神经活动出现明显的峰值，即P300，这表明了惊讶。)”可知，普通人在听到罕见的令人震惊的声音时的反应是“惊讶的”。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段“In ther wrds, it seems that creative peple dn’t see unusual infrmatin as quite s unusual.(换句话说，似乎有创造力的人并不认为不寻常的信息是那么不寻常。)”可知，创造性人群认为不寻常的信息是正常的。故选D。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了创造性人群能发现别人忽略的东西的原因，选项A：Why creativity is picking up n what thers miss ut?(为什么创造力能捕捉到别人错过的东西？)适合作为本文标题。故选A。
【答案】12．B 13．A 14．D 15．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新研究，一个国际科学家团队最近宣布他们绘制了一只成年果蝇的整个“大脑”的地图，这一里程碑式的发现将提供关于包括人类在内的所有动物大脑的新知识。
【解析】12．细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“They said the milestne wuld prvide new knwledge abut the brains f all animals including humans.(他们表示，这一里程碑式的发现将提供有关包括人类在内的所有动物大脑的新知识)”可知，此处的里程碑指的是这一发现将提供关于包括人类在内的所有动物大脑的新知识。故选B项。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段“Sebastian Seung was ne f the leaders f the research, which was published as a series f studies in Nature. Seung is a prfessr at Princetn University in New Jersey. He said, “Yu might be asking why we shuld care abut the brain f a fruit fly. My simple answer is that if we can truly understand hw any brain functins, it's sure t tell us smething abut all brains.”(Sebastian Seung是这项研究的领导者之一，该研究作为一系列研究发表在《自然》杂志上。Seung是新泽西州普林斯顿大学的教授。他说：“你可能会问我们为什么要关心果蝇的大脑。我的简单回答是，如果我们能够真正理解任何大脑的功能，它肯定会告诉我们一些关于所有大脑的事情。”)”可知，Sebastian Seung认为如果他们能真正弄明白某种大脑如何发挥功能，就一定可以告诉他们一些关于所有大脑的信息。由此可知，Sebastian Seung认为这一发现很重要。故选 A项。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段“The research gives details f mre than 50 millin cnnectins between 139, 000 neurns (神经元) , which are nerve cells in the brain f the fruit fly. The scientific name f the animal is Drsphila melangaster. It is ften used in scientific experiments, especially studies f nerve cells. The researchers wanted t find ut exactly hw the brain cells perate when they are healthy and nrmal.(这项研究提供了139,000个神经元（果蝇大脑中的神经细胞）之间超过5000万个连接的细节。这种动物的学名是果蝇。它经常用于科学实验，特别是神经细胞的研究。研究人员想要找出脑细胞在健康和正常的情况下是如何运作的)”、第四段“The brain f a fruit fly is small—less than ne millimeter wide. But sme scientists are very interested in it. “It's beautiful,” said Cambridge researcher Gregry Jefferis. The researchers created what they called a “wiring diagram” f an adult fruit fly. It was als called a “nerve cell cnnectins” map.(果蝇的大脑很小——不到一毫米宽。但是一些科学家对此非常感兴趣。剑桥大学的研究员格雷戈里·杰弗里斯说：“这太美了。”研究人员创造了他们所谓的成年果蝇的“接线图”。它也被称为“神经细胞连接”图)”和第五段“The gal was t create a map that shws hw neurns cnnect t ne anther and hw they perate. Similar research has been dne with simpler frms f life. Fr example, scientists have mapped the “brain” f a wrm which is very tiny and cmmn. They have als mapped the neural material f the larval (幼虫的) frm f the fruit fly. But the adult fruit fly was mre cmplex. The idea was t link the neural cnnectins t the behavir f the animal.(其目标是创建一个地图，显示神经元如何相互连接以及它们是如何运作的。类似的研究也在更简单的生命形式中进行过。例如，科学家们绘制了一种非常微小和常见的蠕虫的“大脑”。他们还绘制了果蝇幼虫的神经物质图谱。但成年果蝇更为复杂。这个想法是将神经连接与动物的行为联系起来)”可知，作者是通过展示研究来支持文章主题的。故选D项。
15．词句猜测题。根据划线单词前面的“One f the majr questins(主要问题之一)”和下文的“hw the wiring in the brain, its neurns and cnnectins, can give rise t animal behavir(大脑中的线路、神经元和连接是如何引起动物行为的)”可知，大脑中的线路、神经元和连接是如何引起动物行为的这一问题，肯定是科学家在设法解决的问题。所以划线单词addressing与C项中的Dealing with意义一致。故选C项。
【答案】16．G 17．E 18．C 19．B 20．F
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了季节性抑郁（SAD）这种心理健康问题，并针对冬季如何缓解季节性抑郁提出了一些建议。
【解析】16．根据上文提到“Seasnal depressin (抑郁), als called seasnal affective disrder (SAD), is a mental health cnditin that peple always experience during winter.(季节性抑郁，也称为季节性情感障碍（SAD），是一种人们在冬季常经历的心理健康问题)”可知，此处在介绍季节性抑郁，G项“Having less daylight is believed t be ne f the reasns fr it.(日光减少被认为是导致它的原因之一。)”中的it指代前文的季节性抑郁，且说明了原因，与前文衔接紧密，符合语境，故选G项。
17．根据该段主题“Cmmunicate mre with thers.(多与他人交流)”可知，E项“Interacting with friends and families can cheer yu up.(与朋友和家人互动可以让你振作起来)”围绕与他人交流展开，说明了与朋友和家人互动的好处，与主题相符，且与下文“It can als help if yu find ways t keep up with hbbies r activities that yu enjy(如果你能找到方法继续从事自己喜欢的爱好或活动，也会有所帮助)”中的als相呼应，故选E项。
18．根据该段主题“Exercise utside when yu can.(尽可能在户外锻炼)”可知，C项“If yu're at wrk, take a walk at lunchtime.(如果你在工作，午餐时间去散步)”给出了在户外锻炼的具体例子，符合在户外锻炼的主题，故选C项。
19．根据后文“Since a lack f sunlight may lead t depressin, peple with seasnal depressin may find light therapy (疗法) wrk well.(由于缺乏阳光可能导致抑郁，患有季节性抑郁的人可能会发现光疗法很有效)”以及“In fact, a recent study fund that mre than an hur f screen time a day was linked t a higher risk f depressin.(事实上，最近的一项研究发现，每天超过一小时的屏幕时间与更高的抑郁风险相关)”可知，该段主要讲述光疗法以及要限制屏幕时间，B项“Try light therapy, but limit screen time(尝试光疗法，但限制屏幕时间)”能够概括该段内容，故选B项。
20．根据上文“Staying scially cnnected, engaging in regular physical activity—especially utdrs—and cnsidering tls like light therapy can imprve yur md in the winter.(保持社交联系、定期进行体育活动——尤其是户外活动——以及考虑光疗法等手段可以改善你在冬季的情绪)”可知，这是在讲述改善季节性抑郁症的一些方法，F项“If yu feel even wrse than ever, turn t dctrs fr help.(如果你感觉比以往任何时候都更糟糕，向医生求助)”是对上文的补充，即在上述方法都不能改善时的应对措施，故选F项。
【答案】
21．A 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．C 26．D 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．D 31．B 32．C 33．A 34．C 35．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了盲人运动员Melanie克服重重困难，在导盲犬等慈善机构的支持下，不仅接受了自己的盲人身份，还爱上了游泳，并通过刻苦训练在残奥会上取得优异成绩，最终成功横渡英吉利海峡的励志故事。
【解析】21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她凌晨4点30分从英国的莎士比亚海滩出发，12小时20分钟后到达法国，这比她预期的14个小时要短。A. set ff出发；B. gave up放弃；C. paid ff付清；D. dealt with处理。根据后文“reached France 12 hurs and 20 minutes later”可知，她是从莎士比亚海滩出发，12小时20分钟后到达法国。故选A。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她凌晨4点30分从英国的莎士比亚海滩出发，12小时20分钟后到达法国，这比她预期的14个小时要短。A. lnger更长；B. clser更近；C. shrter更短；D. larger更大。根据后文“than her expected time f 14 hurs”可知，她实际用时比预期的14个小时要短。故选C。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与游泳池里受控制的环境不同，在开放水域有更多的挑战，如强浪和过往船只。A. tugh艰难的；B. cntrlled受控制的；C. unstable不稳定的；D. clean干净的。根据后文“envirnment f a swimming pl”以及“in pen waters”可知，游泳池的环境是受控制的，与开放水域不同。故选B。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与游泳池里受控制的环境不同，在开放水域有更多的挑战，如强浪和过往船只。A. cycles周期；B. muscles肌肉；C. diseases疾病；D. challenges挑战。根据后文“such as strng waves and passing bats”可知，开放水域有更多的挑战，如强浪和过往船只。故选D。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在导盲犬提供的宝贵支持下完成了这次游泳，导盲犬是一个慈善机构，使像Melanie这样的盲人能够过上独立的生活。A. defended辩护；B. vertaken超过；C. prvided提供；D. decrated装饰。根据后文“by Guide Dgs, a charity that enabled the blind like Melanie t lead lives full f independence”可知，导盲犬这个慈善机构为Melanie提供了宝贵的支持。故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，导盲犬已经支持她十多年了，她的第一只狗Dave给了她信心，并激励她接受自己的失明。A. scared使害怕；B. greeted问候；C. calmed使冷静；D. inspired激励。根据后文“her t accept her blindness”可知，她的第一只狗Dave激励她接受自己的失明。故选D。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Melanie出生时一只眼睛失明，另一只眼睛视力有限，但她不想让残疾打败自己。A. amazing令人惊异的；B. limited有限的；C. gd好的；D. extra额外的。根据上文“Melanie was brn with blindness in ne eye”可知，Melanie出生时一只眼睛失明，另一只眼睛视力有限。故选B。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie出生时一只眼睛失明，另一只眼睛视力有限，但她不想让残疾打败自己。A. defeat打败；B. hurt伤害；C. catch抓住；D. anny使恼怒。根据后文“she fund her lve fr”可知，Melanie不想让残疾打败自己，而是找到了自己的热爱。故选A。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，她发现自己对水的热爱。A. skatebard滑板；B. ftball足球；C. water水；D. glf高尔夫。根据后文“Althugh she started swimming later than ther swimmers”可知，Melanie发现自己对水的热爱，开始游泳。故选C。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她比其他游泳运动员开始得晚，但Melanie很快就取得了成绩。A. wish希望；B. reply回复；C. shift转移；D. difference差异。根据后文“she had 12 tw glds, tw silvers, and a brnze at the Paralympic Games”可知，Melanie很快就取得了成绩。make a difference“有影响，有作用”。故选D。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到2000年她退役时，她在残奥会上获得了两枚金牌、两枚银牌和一枚铜牌，以及在游泳比赛中获得了许多世界冠军。A. stpped停止；B. retired退役；C. quit离开；D. hid隐藏。根据后文“frm swimming in 2000”以及她在残奥会上获得的奖牌可知，此处指Melanie在2000年退役。故选B。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到2000年她退役时，她在残奥会上获得了两枚金牌、两枚银牌和一枚铜牌，以及在游泳比赛中获得了许多世界冠军。A. tried尝试；B. lst失去；C. wn赢得；D. aimed瞄准。根据后文“tw glds, tw silvers, and a brnze at the Paralympic Games”可知，Melanie在残奥会上赢得了两枚金牌、两枚银牌和一枚铜牌。故选C。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：到2000年她退役时，她在残奥会上获得了两枚金牌、两枚银牌和一枚铜牌，以及在游泳比赛中获得了许多世界冠军。A. champins冠军；B. vlunteers志愿者；C. experts专家；D. prfessinals专业人士。根据上文“tw glds, tw silvers, and a brnze at the Paralympic Games”可知，Melanie在游泳比赛中也获得了许多世界冠军。故选A。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，她相信自己是一个伟大的运动员，不是因为她失明，而是因为她努力训练，把所有精力都投入到游泳中。A. studied学习；B. adapted适应；C. trained训练；D. revised修订。根据后文“hard and put all her energy int swimming”可知，Melanie努力训练，把所有精力都投入到游泳中。故选C。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是这样的信念让她的运动员梦想成真。A. methd方法；B. belief信念；C. effect影响；D. creativity创造力。结合上文可知，Melanie相信自己是一个伟大的运动员，不是因为她失明，而是因为她努力训练，把所有精力都投入到游泳中，这是一种信念，正是这样的信念让她的运动员梦想成真。故选B。
【答案】
36．t 37．setting 38．where 39．was built 40．events 41．t develp 42．but 43．The 44．prvided 45．additin
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国安徽省小岗村被联合国世界旅游组织认定为2024年最佳旅游村之一的情况。
【解析】36．考查介词。句意：中国东部安徽省的小岗村是其中之一，这得益于其历史重要性。due t为固定搭配，意为“由于”。故填t。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：1978年，18位当地农民决定单独耕种集体土地，这开启了中国农村改革的新篇章。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，该空后内容是前句导致的意料之中的的结果，set用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填setting。
38．考查定语从句。句意：游客现在可以参观村民们签署第一份协议的那间小屋。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词the little huse，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。
39．考查动词时态语态。句意：此外，2006年还建成了一座展览馆，用以展示中国的农村改革及成果。根据时间状语“in 2006”可知，此处为一般过去时，注意主谓一致，主语“an exhibitin hall”与谓语动词“build”之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态“was built”。故填was built。
40．考查名词。句意：这个小村庄还举办丰富多彩的活动，如葡萄文化节和丰收节，以促进旅游业和文化交流。此处是名词作宾语，且由clrful修饰，表示“丰富多彩的活动”，故用名词复数events。故填events。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处是不定式形式作目的状语，表示小岗村举办各种活动的目的是为了发展旅游业和文化交流，用t develp。故填t develp。
42．考查连词。句意：如今的游客不仅可以欣赏凤阳花鼓和剪纸艺术，还能了解传统制醋工艺，甚至可以购买一些作为纪念品。固定短语“nt (als)...”，意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
43．考查冠词。句意：今年1月至10月，游客数量达到41.2万人次，村庄的总收入也从2012年的410万元增加到2023年的1420万元。the number f为固定搭配，意为“……的数量”，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填The。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着更多就业机会的提供，越来越多的当地人和大学毕业生回到家乡工作。此处with复合结构，非谓语动词prvide与宾语mre jb pprtunities之间是逻辑被动关系，故用过去分词prvided作宾补。故填prvided。
45．考查固定搭配。句意：此外，文化和旅游产业对村庄的发展也大有裨益，展现了当代中国农村地区的精神风貌。in additin为固定搭配，意为“此外”。故填additin。
46．【答案】My Senir High Schl Life
As a freshman in high schl, I’ve experienced bth gains and regrets in my first semester.
Nt nly have I gained a deeper understanding f subjects, but als I have jined several clubs. I am keen n physics and chernistry, which enrich my knwledge abut the wrld. Hwever, it is a pity that I am still t shy t participate in sme speech cmpetitins.
Therefre, fr the next semester, what matters fr me is t actively take part in varius cntests t vercme my fear. Besides, I will further imprve my academic perfrmance by making a detailed study plan.
【分析】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生以“My Senir High Schl Life”为题，写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
获得：gain→btain
喜爱：be keen n→be fnd f
参加：participate in→get invlved in
重要：cunt→matter
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As a freshman in high schl, I’ve experienced bth gains and regrets in my first semester.
拓展句：As a freshman in high schl, I’ve experienced bth gains and regrets in my first semester, frm which I learned a lt.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Nt nly have I gained a deeper understanding f subjects, but als I have jined several clubs.（运用了部分倒装）
[高分句型2]
Therefre, fr the next semester, what matters fr me is t actively take part in varius cntests t vercme my fear.（运用了what引导主语从句）
47．【答案】One day, Mlly walked t me with a smile n her face. Curius and hesitant, I decided t apprach her and chatted with her. Mlly asked me what was wrng, and I eventually pened up abut my struggles, telling her abut my appearance anxiety, the bullying, and hw I felt hpeless. She listened carefully, her eyes filled with empathy. She encuraged me t fcus n my strengths and nt let the pinins f thers define me. She als invited me t wrk ut every mrning with her.
Frm that day n, Mlly became my nly friend. We started spending time tgether and began ur fitness jurney. At first, it was just shrt walks arund the schl grunds. Then, we started t j g every mrning. Mlly was always there t encurage me, cheering me n when I felt like giving up. Lking back, I culdn't believe hw far I had cme. I knew I still had a lng way t g, but with Mlly by my side, I was ready fr whatever challenges lay ahead.
【分析】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者因对自己的外貌感到不满而陷入深深的焦虑之中，这种焦虑逐渐侵蚀了作者的自信，使作者在高中生活中变得孤僻、沉默，甚至影响到了学业。作者每天在学校里都感到害怕和不安，害怕与人交流，因为曾经受到过同学的嘲笑和伤害。尽管父母给予作者很多爱和支持，但他们并不了解作者所承受的来自同学的压力。然而，当一位名叫莫莉的新同学来到班级后，一切都开始发生变化。莫莉的自信和友好逐渐温暖了作者，让作者感受到了前所未有的温暖和关怀。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“有一天，莫莉脸上带着微笑走向我”可知，第一段可描写莫莉主动与作者交流，作者向她倾诉自己的困扰，莫莉给予鼓励并提出建议。
②由第二段首句内容“从那天开始，莫莉成为了我唯一的朋友”可知，第二段可描写莫莉成为作者的朋友后，她们一起做的事情，以及这些事对作者产生的积极影响。
2.续写线索：莫莉主动交流 ——作者倾诉困扰 —— 莫莉鼓励并提建议 —— 成为朋友 —— 一起锻炼 ——作者发生改变
3.词汇激活：
行为类：
①走近：apprach /draw near
②倾诉：pen up /pur ut
③放弃：give up /abandn
情绪类：
①没有希望的：hpeless/unprmising
②同情：empathy/sympathy
【点睛】[高分句型1] Mlly asked me what was wrng, and I eventually pened up abut my struggles, telling her abut my appearance anxiety, the bullying, and hw I felt hpeless.（运用了what和hw引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2] Mlly was always there t encurage me, cheering me n when I felt like giving up.（运用了现在分词短语作状语，when引导时间状语从句）