广西壮族自治区梧州市2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份广西壮族自治区梧州市2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试卷(含答案)，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
The Mst Ppular Natinal Parks in the US
Munt Rainier Natinal Park
Lcated in Washingtn, Munt Rainier Natinal Park is America’s fifth-ldest natinal park. Visit in the spring, and yu’ll see waterfalls； cme in the summer, and yu’ll enjy wildflwers； r arrive in the fall when the leaves put n a clrful shw.
Jshua Tree Natinal Park
Named fr the trees native t the park, 1,200-square-mile Jshua Tree Natinal Park in Califrnia is slightly larger than the state f Rhde Island. Much f the park is wilderness and includes parts f tw deserts, the higher Mjave Desert and the lwer Clrad Desert. There are 12 self-guided nature trails （小径）, sme as shrt as a half-mile, perfect fr yung children.
Bryce Canyn (峡谷) Natinal Park
Despite its name, Bryce Canyn Natinal Park in Utah is nt a canyn at all. Instead, it is a cllectin f giant natural rcks up t 150 feet high. The red, range and white clrs f the rcks make fr breathtaking views thrughut the park. Yu can explre the rck frmatins n a scenic drive r up clse and persnally n a hike.
Grand Tetn Natinal Park
Lcated in Wyming, Grand Tetn Natinal Park is hme t varius wildlife like bears, mse, tters and elk. There are several stand-ut hiking trails. This park is cnnected t Yellwstne Natinal Park by the Jhn D. Rckefeller Jr. Memrial Parkway, s it’s incredibly easy t visit bth parks in ne trip.
1． Where is Jshua Tree Natinal Park?
A.In Califrnia.
B.In Washingtn.
C.In Wyming.
D.In Utah.
2． What is Bryce Canyn Natinal Park famus fr?
A.Huge waterfalls.
B.Varius wildlife.
C.Unique rcks.
D.Mjave Desert.
3． Which f the fllwing is clsest t Yellwstne Natinal Park?
A.Jshua Tree Natinal Park.
B.Grand Tetn Natinal Park.
C.Bryce Canyn Natinal Park.
D.Munt Rainier Natinal Park.
Cllege prfessrs these days face an ever - higher bar t draw the attentin f their students, frced t cmpete with the smartphnes and laptps in large lecture halls. But when yur prfessr is a scial media star, it’s a little bit easier. Tatiana Erukhimva, wh teaches physics at Texas A &； M University, has managed t get her students, as well as future generatins, excited abut the science.
Knwn as "Dr. Tatiana" t her students and nline fan base, the prfessr perfrms physics tricks with endless energy and enthusiasm. Vides f her theatrical demnstratins have gt hundreds f millins f views acrss scial media platfrms. In the kid - friendly vides, Erukhimva uses a range f everyday bjects in her experiments, frm pingpng balls and tilet paper t sweets, bicycle wheels and hair dryers. Her department’s nline page has abut 2.5 millin subscribers.
It’s clear that she knws what it takes t get yung peple excited abut a hard science. But it wasn’t always that way. When she first started teaching cllege freshman classes almst tw decades ag, she struggled t attract the attentin f her yunger students. Frtunately, by the secnd semester, she fund her fting, tweaking her apprach t get her students interested in her classes.
She’s earned mre than just recgnitin n scial media. In Octber, she was hnred with a natinal award fr science utreach fr leadership in bringing the excitement f physics thrugh innvative educatin prgrams, including the well-attended annual TAMU Physics and Engineering Festival and the highly ppular physics vides n scial media.
As a leader in a STEM （Science, Technlgy, Engineering and Mathematics） field in which wmen are underrepresented, she’s becme a rle mdel fr sme. Afiya Dhanani attended TAMU after seeing Erukhimva’s vides nline. "Watching Dr. Tatiana d the experiments nline, especially since she was a female leader, was mre inspiring fr me t even g int physics," Dhanani said.
4． Hw des Tatiana make her students fcus n her classes?
A.By cnnecting abstract cncepts with real life.
B.By stpping students bringing phnes t class.
C.By adding interesting vides frm the Internet.
D.By making herself apprachable and easyging.
5．What des the underlined wrd "tweaking" in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A.Understanding.
B.Cntinuing.
C.Recrding.
D.Changing.
6． What is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A.Tatiana’s family life.
B.Tatiana’s achievements.
C.Ways t celebrate festivals.
D.Educatin prgrams in TAMU.
7． What des Dhanani want t tell us in the last paragraph?
A.She wanted t becme a rle mdel.
B.She inspired thers t learn physics.
C.Tatiana has a psitive impact n her.
D.Tatiana has been very strict with her.
Climate change is stressing rainfrests where the highly sensitive cca bean grws, but chclate lvers need nt despair, say cmpanies that are researching ther ways t grw cca r develp cca substitutes （替代品）.
Califrnia Cultured, a plant cell culture cmpany, is grwing cca frm cell cultures at a facility in West Sacrament, Califrnia, with plans t start selling its prducts next year. It puts cca bean cells and sugar water tgether s they reprduce quickly and reach maturity in a week rather than the six t eight mnths a traditinal harvest takes, said Alan Perlstein, the cmpany’s chief executive. The prcess als n lnger requires as much water r labr.
The sales f chclate candy arund the wrld reached $ 238.5 billin in 2023, research website Statista reprted. Sales in the United States alne reached mre than $ 25 billin in 2023, the Natinal Cnfectiners Assciatin said. The price f cca rse quickly earlier this year because f demand and trubles with the crp in West Africa due t plant diseases and changes in weather. The regin prduces the mst f the wrld’s cca.
The push t prduce cca indrs in the US cmes after ther prducts, such as chicken meat, have already been grwn in labs. It als cmes as supermarket shelves fill with snack ptins — smething that develpers f cca alternatives say shws peple are ready t try what lks and tastes like a chclate chip ckie even if the chip cntains a cca substitute.
While sme are seeking t create alternative cca surces and substitutes, thers are trying t imprve the supply f cca where it naturally grws. Mars, which makes M&； Ms and Snickers, has a research facility at University f Califrnia, Davis aimed at making cca plants mre resilient s that they are able t recver mre easily and quickly frm unpleasant envirnments, said Janna Hwu, the cmpany’s senir directr f cca plant science. The facility hsts a living cllectin f cca trees s scientists can study what makes them resistant t mre diseases t help farmers in prducing cuntries and ensure a stable supply f beans.
8． What can we say abut prducts frm Califrnia Cultured?
A.They are prduced at a quick speed.
B.They have been n sale.
C.They require mre labr t make.
D.They cntain n water.
9． What cnclusin can we draw frm paragraph 3?
A.West Africa is facing an ecnmic crisis.
B.The wrldwide market fr chclate is huge.
C.The US prduces the mst cca in the wrld.
D.The supply f chclate ges beynd its demand.
10． What des the authr want t shw by mentining chicken meat?
A.A reasn fr eating less chclate.
B.An inspiratin fr cca substitutes.
C.A methd f keeping a balanced diet.
D.A cause f picking mre types f meat.
11． Hw des Mars deal with the challenge facing cca trees?
A.By creating their alternatives.
B.By grwing them smewhere else.
C.By increasing their resistance.
D.By planting them in large numbers.
Drinking sme alchl （酒） was nce thught t have benefits fr the heart, but better research methds have thrwn cld water n that. "Drinking less is a great way t be healthier," said Dr. Timthy Naimi, wh directs the Canadian Institute fr Substance Use Research at the University f Victria in British Clumbia.
Guidelines vary a lt frm cuntry t cuntry but the verall trend is tward drinking less. The United Kingdm, France, Denmark, Hlland and Australia recently reviewed new evidence and lwered their alchl cnsumptin recmmendatins. Ireland will require cancer warning labels n alchl starting in 2026.
"Peple f my age are way mre accepting f it," said Tessa Weber, 28, f Austin, Texas. She stpped drinking this year because she’d nticed alchl was increasing her anxiety. She liked the results — better sleep, mre energy — and has stuck with it. "It’s gd t reevaluate yur relatinship with alchl," Weber said.
Hw many drinks can yu have per day? That depends. Drinking raises the risk f several types f cancer, including cln, liver, breast and muth and thrat. Alchl breaks dwn in the bdy int a substance called acetaldehyde, which can damage yur cells and stp them frm repairing themselves. That creates the cnditins fr cancer t grw.
"Thusands f US deaths per year culd be prevented if peple fllwed the gvernment’s dietary guidelines, which advise men t limit themselves t tw drinks r fewer per day and wmen t ne drink r fewer per day," Naimi said. One drink is the equivalent f abut ne12 - unce （盎司） can f beer, a 5 - unce glass f wine r a sht f liqur.
Naimi served n an advisry cmmittee that wanted t lwer the recmmendatin fr men t ne drink per day. That advice was cnsidered and rejected when the federal recmmendatins came ut in 2020. "The simple message that’s best supprted by the evidence is that, if yu drink, less is better when it cmes t health," Naimi said.
12． What is Tessa Weber’s attitude t the new guideline n alchl drinking?
A.Psitive.
B.Dubtful.
C.Uncncerned.
D.Unclear.
13． What d we knw abut acetaldehyde?
A.It encurages peple t drink less.
B.It benefits the repairs f heart cells.
C.It keeps alchl frm breaking dwn.
D.It cntributes t the grwth f cancer.
14． Hw much alchl is a man recmmended t drink at mst per day by the US gvernment?
A.A 5-unce glass f wine.
B.A-6-unce can f beer.
C.A 10-unce glass f wine.
D.A 12-unce can f beer.
15． What is the best title fr the text?
A.New Research n Types f Cancer
B.Alchlics Are n the Rise in the US
C.Risks and Benefits f Drinking Alchl
D.Less Alchl Is Better fr Health
二、七选五
16．
Characteristics f an excellent scientist
The dictinary defines a scientist as a persn having prfessinal knwledge n ne r mre sciences, especially natural science r physical science. ① Let's lk at sme characteristics f an excellent scientist.
Curisity
An excellent scientist must be very curius abut things. Scientists such as Thmas Edisn and Gerge Westinghuse discvered things mainly because they wanted t knw hw things wrk. ②
Patience
Becming a scientist takes a lng time. ③ Even if yu think yu have received sme educatin n science, yu still have a lt f scientific research t d. If yu're an instant-gratificatin type f persn, this may nt be the best chice fr yu.
Ethical（道德的） qualities
In rder t truly discver and use knwledge fr the greater gd, a scientist must have a desire t imprve peple's life as well as the envirnment, since they are linked and they can affect ne anther in the lng run. ④ Sticking t an ld belief cntradicted with evidence is dishnest. Hwever, that belief shuldn't be changed withut pwerful evidence.
Wrking habits
⑤ He/She can wrk well alne r in grups, depending n what's needed and als needs t cmmunicate thughts n paper and verbally. Netwrking cnnects him/her with clleagues wrking n similar prjects where he/she may discver smething new.
A. T make discveries, yu have t think differently.
B. There are very few jbs that take lnger than this ne.
C. It als defines a scientist as smene wh uses scientific methds.
D. A scientist must reprt findings hnestly regardless f persnal interests r public pinin.
E. One f the main places that many scientists wrk in is the research labratry.
F. An excellent scientist even takes ntes f the smallest bservatin and keeps it in mind.
G. Withut a drive t ask questins r even wnder, a scientist will never get t the first stage f the scientific prcess.
三、完形填空（15空）
My family spend ur Sunday evenings writing pstcards t put smiles n the faces f peple living with cancer. We began ding it thrugh a 1 that helps patients. It started as a way fr my daughter Ella t vlunteer fr the Duke f Edinburgh’s Silver Award. When Ella started writing, my husband said, “Why dn’t we all get active?” We were at first surprised by the idea, but then we started t get excited abut it. 2 , it develped int a (n) 3 fr the whle family.
Nw every Sunday evening, I say “pstcards, peple” and we all 4 arund the kitchen table and write tgether. We think it is a 5 way t put a smile n smene’s face.
We have 6 sme friends and family because f cancer, which played a key rle in us wanting t take part in the 7 . Smetimes we may 8 abut smething that we have attended. Smetimes it’s mre abut the gardening and the weather and we may cmment n the art r peple n the 9 we are writing n. The pstcards are given t the charity Frm Me t Yu as part f its “dnate a letter” prgram, which sees them 10 by the charity, filtered (过滤), repackaged and delivered t hspitals, cancer centres r 11 at hme.
I hpe t 12 thers t take part. It’s s 13 , but can have such an impact and I just think we need t reignite (重燃) the 14 f a letter. Smething handwritten is s lvely and 15 and cannt be cpied in an email r text.
17．
A.situatin
B.church
C.charity
D.cuntry
18．
A.Usually
B.Hpefully
C.Abslutely
D.Eventually
19．
A.activity
B.institutin
C.cnclusin
D.thery
20．
A.walk up
B.sit dwn
C.get ut
D.cme ff
21．
A.strange
B.cmic
C.frtunate
D.nice
22．
A.lst
B.sent
C.missed
D.made
23．
A.game
B.incident
C.prject
D.design
24．
A.talk
B.write
C.learn
D.hear
25．
A.pstcard
B.handbk
C.brchure
D.newspaper
26．
A.drawn
B.typed
C.read
D.printed
27．
A.masters
B.vlunteers
C.rganizers
D.individuals
28．
A.inspire
B.require
C.leave
D.cmmand
29．
A.ppular
B.simple
C.bring
D.bvius
30．
A.faith
B.study
C.lve
D.sale
31．
A.nrmal
B.academic
C.natural
D.persnal
四、短文填空
32．
Penjing is an ancient Chinese art frm f ① (create) landscape scenes n a miniature scale (微型比例). This art frm is als knwn by the name penzai. The scenes feature living plants ② artists and care-takers attentively shape and tend t express emtin.
Dating all the way back ③ the 1st Century AD and perhaps even earlier, practitiners f Daist mysticism have tried t create landscape scenes in miniature. Peple see it as ④ way t fcus n and increase the prperties we might experience at full-size sights.
In Chinese, “pen” means pt, and “jing” is translated as landscape r scenery. When ⑤ (d) well, these artwrks are living des (颂歌) t nature, cnveying a respect and appreciatin fr the natural wrld ⑥ (deep) rted in traditinal Chinese culture.
Penjing is an artistic style that creates a wild, natural aesthetic (美感). Plantlife is n display in a cntrlled landscape frm. Miniature landscapes are a ⑦ (ppularity) art frm arund the wrld tday, attracting children, btanists ⑧ art cllectrs alike. China is big. With that scale cmes reginal persnality and ⑨ (different). The art f Penjing ⑩ (reflect) these distinctins, with particular styles f Penjing different between gegraphical and cultural lcatins. This includes Lingnan style, Taiwan style, Shanghai style and Yangzhu style.
五、书面表达
33．你校正在征文。请以"The Place I Want t Visit Mst"为题,写一篇英语短文。内容包括：
1. 选择去这个地方的理由；
2. 旅游计划。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The Place I Want t Visit Mst
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
34．
I was very active in sprts and games when I was in primary schl. I was gd at the lng jump and running. As a result, I was chsen t represent the schl in the lng jump and relay events at the District Sprts Meet.
The event lasted tw days. With n cmpetitins fr me n the first day, I cheered n my teammates and watched ther athletes. Seeing ur team d well in varius events was encuraging. The successes f ur team were nt just victries； they were a surce f inspiratin. Each triumph （获胜） by ur athletes was met with a rund f applause and shuts f jy frm ur cheering sectin. Their achievements fueled my wn mtivatin, and I culd feel the excitement building within me. I was ready fr my events.
On the secnd day, my lng jump event was scheduled fr the early afternn. I felt cnfident, but when I gt there I realized there were a lt f talented athletes. There was ne yung athlete in particular wh jumped extremely far, wearing spikes （钉子鞋）, making it harder fr the rest f us. I was very nervus. At the end f the race, I tried my best, and althugh I jumped a gd distance, I twisted （扭伤） my ft. I finished furth, just missing ut n a medal.
That was disappinting, but I reminded myself that we still had a chance in the 8×50 m relay, fr which I was assigned t run the fifth leg. The race time arrived. We filed int ur assigned spts and prepared fr the race. After a tense minute r s, I heard the starter’s gun g ff. When the first runners tk ff, I held my breath and watched ur team runners keep up with the thers. As they gt clser, I realized we were at least in secnd place.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My turn arrived, I nervusly tk the batn （接力棒） and began my run.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At last I lst the race, but when I gt t the end, my team was there, still cheering me n.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案： A
解析： 细节理解题。文中明确提到"Jshua Tree Natinal Park in Califrnia",即约书亚树国家公园位于加利福尼亚州,所以选A。
2．答案： C
解析： 细节理解题。对于布莱斯峡谷国家公园,文中表述为"it is a cllectin f giant natural rcks up t 150 feet high. The red, range and white clrs f the rcks make fr breathtaking views thrughut the park",表明它以独特的岩石而闻名,所以选C。
3．答案： B
解析： 细节理解题。因为"Grand Tetn Natinal Park is cnnected t Yellwstne Natinal Park by the Jhn D. Rckefeller Jr. Memrial Parkway",说明大提顿国家公园和黄石国家公园通过特定道路相连,由此可知大提顿国家公园离黄石国家公园最近,所以选B 。
4．答案： A
解析： 细节理解题。第二段中"Erukhimva uses a range f everyday bjects in her experiments, frm ping - png balls and tilet paper t sweets, bicycle wheels and hair dryers."翻译为"叶鲁希莫娃在她的实验中使用了一系列日常物品,从乒乓球、卫生纸到糖果、自行车轮和吹风机",说明她通过将物理实验与日常生活中的物品联系起来,也就是将抽象的物理概念与现实生活相联系,让学生专注于她的课程,所以选A。
5．答案： D
解析： 词义猜测题。第三段中"When she first started teaching cllege freshman classes almst tw decades ag, she struggled t attract the attentin f her yunger students. Frtunately, by the secnd semester, she fund her fting"翻译为"大约二十年前,当她刚开始教授大学新生课程时,她很难吸引年轻学生的注意力。幸运的是,到了第二学期,她找到了立足之地",从开始难以吸引学生到后来找到方法,可推测她是改变了教学方法,所以"tweaking"意思是"改变",选D。"Understanding"意为"理解"；"Cntinuing"意为"继续"；"Recrding"意为"记录",均不符合语境。
6．答案： B
解析： 段意大意题。第四段中"She’s earned mre than just recgnitin n scial media. In Octber, she was hnred with a natinal award fr science utreach fr leadership in bringing the excitement f physics thrugh innvative educatin prgrams"翻译为"她不仅仅在社交媒体上获得认可。10月,她因通过创新教育项目激发人们对物理的热情,在科学推广方面的领导力而获得一项国家级奖项",可知该段主要讲述了塔蒂亚娜的成就,所以选B。此段未提及她的家庭生活,A选项错误；虽然提到了物理和工程节,但并非主要讲庆祝节日的方式,C选项错误；不是主要讲德州农工大学的教育项目,D选项错误。
7．答案： C
解析： 推理判断题。最后一段中"Watching Dr. Tatiana d the experiments nline, especially since she was a female leader, was mre inspiring fr me t even g int physics"翻译为"在网上观看塔蒂亚娜博士做实验,尤其是因为她是一位女性领导者,这更激励我去学习物理",可知达纳尼想告诉我们塔蒂亚娜对她有积极的影响,所以选C。
8．答案： A
解析： 细节理解题。文中明确指出"It puts cca bean cells and sugar water tgether s they reprduce quickly and reach maturity in a week rather than the six t eight mnths a traditinal harvest takes",这意味着该公司生产可可产品的速度极快,仅需一周即可成熟,远快于传统方式的六到八个月。而原文提到计划明年销售,并非已上市,B错误；还表明该过程减少了对劳动力的需求,C错误；是将可可豆细胞与糖水混合,并非产品不含水,D错误。所以选A。
9．答案： B
解析： 推理判断题。根据"The sales f chclate candy arund the wrld reached $ 238.5 billin in 2023, research website Statista reprted. Sales in the United States alne reached mre than $ 25 billin in 2023",全球巧克力糖果在2023年销售额高达2385亿美元,仅美国就超250亿美元,如此庞大的销售额充分体现出全球巧克力市场规模极为巨大。文中未提及西非面临经济危机,A错误；已知西非是全球可可产量最多的地区,并非美国,C错误；又因今年早些时候可可价格因需求和作物问题快速上涨,说明需求大于供应,D错误。所以选B。
10．答案： B
解析： 推理判断题。文中说"The push t prduce cca indrs in the US cmes after ther prducts, such as chicken meat, have already been grwn in f cca alternatives say shws peple are ready t substitute",继鸡肉在实验室培育成功后,美国开始推动室内生产可可,且开发者认为人们已准备好尝试可可替代品,这表明提到鸡肉是为给可可替代品的开发提供灵感与启发。并非是少吃巧克力的原因,A错误；不是为阐述均衡饮食方法,C错误；和挑选更多肉类也毫无关系,D错误。所以选B。
11．答案： C
解析： 细节理解题。从" a research at making cca plants mre resilient s that they are able t recver mre easily and quickly frm unpleasant envirnments"可知,玛氏公司在加州大学戴维斯分校设立研究机构,目的是让可可植物更具恢复力,从而能快速从恶劣环境中恢复,也就是增强其抵抗力。玛氏并非通过创造替代品、在其他地方种植或大量种植来应对,A、B、D错误。所以选C。
12．答案： A
解析： 观点态度题。第三段中"She stpped drinking this year because she’d nticed alchl was increasing her anxiety. She liked the results —better sleep, mre energy —and has stuck with it. ‘It’s gd t reevaluate yur relatinship with alchl,’Weber said."（她今年戒酒了,因为她注意到酒精加剧了她的焦虑。她喜欢戒酒带来的结果——睡眠更好、精力更充沛,并且一直坚持着。韦伯说："重新评估你与酒精的关系是件好事。"）,从她的行为及言论可以看出,泰莎·韦伯对饮酒新指南持积极态度,所以选A。
13．答案： D
解析： 细节理解题。第四段中"Alchl breaks dwn in the bdy int a substance called acetaldehyde, which can damage yur cells and stp them frm repairing themselves. That creates the cnditins fr cancer t grw."（酒精在体内分解成一种叫做乙醛的物质,这种物质会损害你的细胞,阻止它们自我修复。这就为癌症的生长创造了条件。）,可知乙醛有助于癌症的生长,所以选D。
14．答案： C
解析： 细节理解题。第五段中"Thusands f US deaths per year culd be prevented if peple fllwed the gvernment’s dietary guidelines, which advise men t limit themselves t tw drinks r fewer per day and wmen t ne drink r fewer per day"以及"One drink is the equivalent f abut ne 12 - unce （盎司） can f beer, a 5 - unce glass f wine r a sht f liqur."（如果人们遵循政府的饮食指南,每年可以避免数千美国人死亡,该指南建议男性每天饮酒不超过两杯,女性每天饮酒不超过一杯。一杯酒相当于一罐12盎司的啤酒、一杯5盎司的葡萄酒或一小杯烈酒。）,由此可知美国政府建议男性每天最多喝两杯酒,一杯酒是5盎司葡萄酒,两杯就是10盎司葡萄酒,所以选C。
15．答案： D
解析： 标题归纳题。文章开篇提到"Drinking less is a great way t be healthier"（少喝酒是保持健康的好方法）,接着阐述饮酒与健康的关系,如饮酒会增加患癌风险,以及各国对饮酒指南的调整等,都围绕着少喝酒对健康有益这一主题。A选项"关于癌症类型的新研究"偏离主题；B选项"美国酗酒者人数在上升"文中未提及；C选项"饮酒的风险与益处",文中重点强调饮酒风险及少喝酒对健康的好处,并非强调饮酒益处,所以选D。
16．答案： C； G； B； D； F
解析： 这是一篇说明文。成功绝非偶然,一定是一些特别的品质和性格才造就了那么多的伟人和成功人士。学习本文,让我们一起来欣赏这些成功科学家们的性格特点吧。
①C选项"它还将科学家定义为使用科学方法的人。"承接上文"The dictinary defines a scientist as a persn having prfessinal knwledge n ne r mre sciences, especially natural science r physical science. （字典将科学家定义为在一门或多门科学,特别是自然科学或物理科学方面具有专业知识的人）"讲字典对科学家这一名词的解释和理解。故选C。
②G选项"如果科学家没有发问甚至好奇的动力,就永远无法进入科学过程的第一阶段。"承接小标题"Curisity （好奇心）"和上文"An excellent scientist must be very curius abut things. （一个优秀的科学家必须对事物非常好奇）"讲科学家要具备的一个特征就是有好奇心。故选G。
③B选项"很少有工作比这一项需要更长时间。"承接小标题"Patience （耐心）"和上文"Becming a scientist takes a lng time. （成为一名科学家需要很长时间）"讲成为科学家时间很长,需要一定的耐心。故选B。
④D选项"科学家必须诚实地报告研究结果,而不考虑个人利益或公众舆论。"和下文"Sticking t an ld belief cntradicted with evidence is dishnest. Hwever, that belief shuldn't be changed withut pwerful evidence. （坚持与证据相矛盾的旧信念是不诚实的。然而,没有强有力的证据,这种信念不应该改变）"一起表明科学家要诚实,坚持真理,这是科学家特征"Ethical （道德的） qualities （道德素质）"的体现。故选D。
⑤由小标题"Wrking habits （工作习惯）"可知,下面一段主要谈到工作习惯,且下文"He/She can wrk well alne r in grups, depending n what's needed and als needs t cmmunicate thughts n paper and verbally. （他/她可以单独或在团队中很好地工作,这取决于需要什么,还需要在纸上和口头上交流想法）"就是在讲科学家的工作习惯,F选项"一个优秀的科学家甚至会记下最微小的观察结果并牢记在心。"也是一种工作习惯和方式。故选F。
17．答案： C
解析： 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们通过一个帮助病人的慈善机构开始做这件事。A. situatin情况；B. church教堂；C. charity慈善机构；D. cuntry国家。根据后文"The pstcards are given t the charity Frm Me t Yu..."可知,作者一家是通过慈善机构来做给癌症患者写明信片这件事的。故选C。
18．答案： D
解析： 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终,它发展成为了整个家庭的一项活动。A. Usually通常；B. Hpefully有希望地；C. Abslutely绝对地；D. Eventually最终。前文提到一开始对丈夫的提议感到惊讶,后来变得兴奋,这里表示这个想法最终发展成家庭活动。故选D。
19．答案： A
解析： 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终,它发展成为了整个家庭的一项活动。A. activity活动；B. institutin机构；C. cnclusin结论；D. thery理论。一家人每周日晚上一起写明信片,这成为了一项家庭活动。故选A。
20．答案： B
解析： 考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在每个周日晚上,我说"写明信片啦,家人们",然后我们都围坐在厨房桌子旁一起写。A. walk up走近；B. sit dwn坐下；C. get ut出去；D. cme ff脱落,举行。要写明信片,应该是围坐在桌子旁坐下。故选B。
21．答案： D
解析： 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们认为这是一种让别人脸上露出笑容的好方式。A. strange奇怪的；B. cmic喜剧的；C. frtunate幸运的；D. nice美好的。给癌症患者写明信片让他们开心,这是一种很好的方式。故选D。
22．答案： A
解析： 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们因为癌症失去了一些朋友和家人,这对我们想要参与这个项目起到了关键作用。A. lst失去；B. sent发送；C. missed错过,想念；D. made制作。亲人朋友因癌症离世,这种经历促使作者一家参与到给癌症患者写明信片的活动中。故选A。
23．答案： C
解析： 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们因为癌症失去了一些朋友和家人,这对我们想要参与这个项目起到了关键作用。A. game游戏；B. incident事件；C. prject项目；D. design设计。给癌症患者写明信片是通过慈善机构进行的一个项目。故选C。
24．答案： B
解析： 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时我们可能会写一些我们参加过的事情。A. talk谈论；B. write写；C. learn学习；D. hear听到。这里说的是在明信片上写的内容。故选B。
25．答案： A
解析： 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时更多是关于园艺和天气,我们可能会对我们正在写的明信片上的艺术或人物发表评论。A. pstcard明信片；B. handbk手册；C. brchure小册子；D. newspaper报纸。作者一家在写明信片,所以是对明信片上的内容发表评论。故选A。
26．答案： C
解析： 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些明信片作为慈善机构"Frm Me t Yu"的"捐赠一封信"项目的一部分,慈善机构会阅读这些明信片,进行筛选、重新包装,然后送到医院、癌症中心或者送到在家的个人手中。A. drawn画；B. typed打字；C. read阅读；D. printed印刷。慈善机构要对明信片进行筛选,首先要阅读。故选C。
27．答案： D
解析： 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些明信片作为慈善机构"Frm Me t Yu"的"捐赠一封信"项目的一部分,慈善机构会阅读这些明信片,进行筛选、重新包装,然后送到医院、癌症中心或者送到在家的个人手中。A. masters主人；B. vlunteers志愿者；C. rganizers组织者；D. individuals个人。这里指除了送到医院等机构,还会送给在家的癌症患者个人。故选D。
28．答案： A
解析： 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望激励其他人也参与进来。A. inspire激励；B. require要求；C. leave离开；D. cmmand命令。作者希望自己的行为能让更多人参与,用inspire符合语境。故选A。
29．答案： B
解析： 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这非常简单,但却能产生如此大的影响,我只是认为我们需要重新点燃对一封信的热爱。A. ppular受欢迎的；B. simple简单的；C. bring无聊的；D. bvius明显的。写明信片这件事操作起来很简单。故选B。
30．答案： C
解析： 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这非常简单,但却能产生如此大的影响,我只是认为我们需要重新点燃对一封信的热爱。A. faith信念；B. study学习；C. lve热爱；D. sale销售。作者觉得手写的信很美好,希望大家重新燃起对写信的热爱。故选C。
31．答案： D
解析： 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：手写的东西是如此可爱和个性化,是电子邮件或短信无法复制的。A. nrmal正常的；B. academic学术的；C. natural自然的；D. persnal个人的,个性化的。手写的信带有个人的情感和风格,具有个性化特点。故选D。
32．答案： creative； that/which； t； a； dne； deeply； ppular； and； difference； reflects
解析： ①考查形容词。句意：盆景是中国古代的一种微型比例景观创作艺术形式。
②考查定语从句。句意：这些场景以活生生的植物为特色,艺术家和看护者用心地塑造这些植物,并倾向于表达情感。
③考查介词。句意：早在公元1世纪甚至更早的时候,道家神秘主义的实践者就试图用微缩的方式创造风景。
④考查冠词。句意：人们认为这是一种专注和增加我们在全尺寸景点可能体验到的属性的方法。
⑤考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果制作得好,这些艺术品是对自然的活颂歌,传达了深深植根于中国传统文化的对自然世界的尊重和欣赏。
⑥考查副词。句意：同上。
⑦考查形容词。句意：微型风景画是当今世界流行的一种艺术形式,吸引了儿童、植物学家和艺术收藏家。
⑧考查连词。句意：同上。
⑨考查名词。句意：这种规模带来了地区个性和差异。
⑩考查时态和主谓一致。句意：盆景艺术反映了这些差异,在不同的地理和文化位置有不同的盆景风格。
33．答案：
The Place I Want t Visit Mst
I am excited t visit Gulangyu Island. It’s a small island in China knwn fr its peaceful envirnment and beautiful views. I am lking frward t explring its quiet streets and enjying the fresh sea air.
My plan is t walk arund the island, admiring its ld buildings and lcal life. I want t visit the pian museum, as Gulangyu is famus fr its music. I als plan t relax n the beach and try sme delicius lcal snacks.
This trip will be a great way t enjy nature and learn abut a different culture. I can’t wait t experience Gulangyu Island！
解析： 本篇书面表达属于应用文。请考生以"The Place I Want t Visit Mst"为题,写一篇英语短文。
1.词汇积累
兴奋的：excited→thrilled
出名的：knwn→famus
探索：explre→prbe int
美味的：delicius→tasty
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：I am excited t visit Gulangyu Island. It's a small island in China knwn fr its peaceful envirnment and beautiful views.
拓展句：I am excited t visit Gulangyu Island, which is a small island in China knwn fr its peaceful envirnment and beautiful views.
[高分句型1]I want t visit the pian museum, as Gulangyu is famus fr its music. （运用了as引导的原因状语从句）
[高分句型2]My plan is t walk arund the island, admiring its ld buildings and lcal life. （运用了不定式作表语和现在分词作状语）
34．答案：
My turn arrived, I nervusly tk the batn （接力棒） and began my run. I ran frward, giving it my all, but then I stumbled and fell dwn. I felt a quick pain and my heart sank. The race lked like it was getting away. The nise frm the crwd disappeared as I struggled. But my friends’ calls fr me t stand up cut thrugh the silence. I saw the ther runners mving fast, and I knew I had t keep ging.
At last I lst the race, but when I gt t the end, my team was there, still cheering me n. They were prud f my behavir instead f being disappinted, just as I was prud f my effrts. Even thugh I didn’t get a medal in the lng jump r the relay, I shwed I culd keep ging even when things were hard. I had faced challenges and pushed thrugh, shwing my curage. The applause frm the crwd was a reward which meant mre than any medal. The true victry is in the effrt, nt just the result.
解析： 1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容"轮到我了,我紧张地接过接力棒,开始奔跑。" 可知,第一段可描写作者在接力赛中遇到的困难以及自己的反应。
②由第二段首句内容"最后我输了比赛,但当我到达终点时,我的队友们还在那里,依然为我欢呼。" 可知,第二段可描写作者在赛后的感悟。
2. 续写线索：接过接力棒—— 奔跑—— 摔倒—— 挣扎—— 听到队友呼喊—— 继续跑—— 输掉比赛—— 队友欢呼—— 感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①摔倒：fall dwn/tumble
②挣扎：struggle/flunder
③欢呼：cheer/applaud
情绪类
①失望：be disappinted/feel let dwn
②自豪：be prud/take pride in