专题02 阅读理解之主旨大意题（讲义）-2025年高考英语二轮复习讲练（新高考通用）

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\l "_Tc17226" 01考情透视·目标导航2
02 \l "_Tc18151" 知识导图·思维引航3
\l "_Tc25540" 03考点突破·考向探究4
\l "_Tc20799" 考点一 考查总结文章标题4
【 \l "_Tc19212" 真题研析】4
【 \l "_Tc11164" 核心精讲】7
【 \l "_Tc28075" 命题预测】8
\l "_Tc29041" 考点二 考查文章大意题10
【 \l "_Tc30789" 真题研析】10
【核心精讲】 \l "_Tc285" 14
\l "_Tc30219" 【命题预测】 PAGEREF _Tc30219 \h 16
\l "_Tc29325" 考点三 考查段落大意题18
【 \l "_Tc30789" 真题研析】18
【核心精讲】 \l "_Tc285" 20
\l "_Tc30219" 【命题预测】21
04 \l "_Tc14703" 重难点突破 主旨要义题的解题关键23
阅读理解之主旨大意题
考点一 考查总结文章标题
1. (2024全国甲卷B篇)
Animals can express their needs using a lt f ways. Fr instance, almst all animals have distinct vcals（声音）that they rely n t either ask fr help, scare away any dangerus animals r lk fr shelter. But cats are special creatures wh pssess amazing vcalizatin skills. They are able t have entire cnversatins with humans using mews and yu're able t interpret it. If a pet cat is hungry, it will keep mewing t attract attentin and find fd. Hwever, when a cat is lking fr affectin, they tend t prduce stretched and sft mews. Mewing starts as sn as a baby cat is brught t life and uses it t get the mther's attentin and be fed.
Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense f smell is quite impressive. They use their nses t assess their envirnment and lk ut fr any signs f danger. They will sniff ut specific areas befre they chse a place t relax. Hwever, anther way the cats are able t distinguish between situatins is by lking fr familiar smells. Yur cat will likely smell yur face and stre the smell in its memry and use it t recgnize yu in the future. That's why mst pet cats are able t tell immediately if their wners were arund any ther cats, which they dn't usually like.
Dgs are knwn fr their impressive fetching habit, but cats take this behavir up a ntch. Many cats will find randm bjects utside and bring them t their wners. This is a very ld habit that's been present in all kinds f predatrs（食肉动物）. Cats bring gifts fr their wners t shw they lve yu. These adrable little hunters are just ding smething that it's been in their nature since the beginning f time. S just g alng with it!
27. What is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Tips n Finding a Smart Cat B. Understanding Yur Cat's Behavir
C. Have Fun with Yur Cat D. Hw t Keep Yur Cat Healthy
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Animals can express their needs using a lt f ways.( 动物可以用很多方式来表达他们的需求。)”及全文可知，文章都在介绍和解释猫的各种行为方式，包括叫声、嗅觉和带回礼物的习惯，以及这些行为背后的原因和意义。所以“Understanding Yur Cat’s Behavir(了解你的猫的行为)”作文文章标题最为合适。故选B。
(一)理解标题的三大特点：1. 概括性——准确而又简短；2. 针对性——标题外延正好与文章内容相符；3. 醒目性——能引发读者的阅读欲望。
(二)确定文章标题：1. 正面肯定法：在理解文章主旨的基础上，看哪个选项能准确概括主旨；2. 反面否定法：撇开原文，拿各个备选项去设想用它们写出来的“文章”将是什么内容，然后和原文章对照，一一排除不符选项；3. 研读、比较四个选项：研读四个选项里面的中心词、修饰词的变化、概括性等。
2.（2024年1月浙江高考真题）The Stanfrd marshmallw (棉花糖) test was riginally cnducted by psychlgist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged fur t six at a nursery schl were placed in a rm. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed n a table. Each child was tld if they waited fr 15 minutes befre eating the treat, they wuld be given a secnd treat. Then they were left alne in the rm. Fllw-up studies with the children later in life shwed a cnnect in between an ability t wait lng enugh t btain a secnd treat and varius frms f success.
As adults we face a versin f the marshmallw test every day. We’ re nt tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats, but by ur cmputers, phnes, and tablets — all the devices that cnnect us t the glbal delivery system fr varius types f infrmatin that d t us what marshmallws d t preschlers.
We are tempted by sugary treats because ur ancestrs lived in a calrie-pr wrld, and ur brains develped a respnse mechanism t these treats that reflected their value — a feeling f reward and satisfactin. But as we’ve reshaped the wrld arund us, dramatically reducing the cst and effrt invlved in btaining calries, we still have the same brains we had thusands f years ag, and this mismatch is at the heart f why s many f us struggle t resist tempting fds that we knw we shuldn’t eat.
A similar prcess is at wrk in ur respnse t infrmatin. Our frmative envirnment as a species was infrmatin-pr, s ur brains develped a mechanism that prized new infrmatin. But glbal cnnectivity has greatly changed ur infrmatin envirnment. We are nw ceaselessly bmbarded (轰炸) with new infrmatin. Therefre, just as we need t be mre thughtful abut ur calric cnsumptin, we als need t be mre thughtful abut ur infrmatin cnsumptin, resisting the temptatin f the mental “junk fd” in rder t manage ur time mst effectively.
35．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．Eat Less, Read MreB．The Bitter Truth abut Early Humans
C．The Later, the BetterD．The Marshmallw Test fr Grwnups
【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“As adults we face a versin f the marshmallw test every day. We’ re nt tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats, but by ur cmputers, phnes, and tablets — all the devices that cnnect us t the glbal delivery system fr varius types f infrmatin that d t us what marshmallws d t preschlers.(作为成年人，我们每天都要面对棉花糖测试。诱惑我们的不是甜食，而是我们的电脑、手机和平板电脑——所有这些将我们与全球信息传递系统连接起来的设备，它们对我们的作用就像棉花糖对学龄前儿童的作用一样。)”可知，文章主要是讲在信息化时代我们作为成年人每天都在面对棉花糖测试，信息轰炸让我们摄入了太多精神“垃圾食品”。故选D。
3.(2023年1月·浙江卷·阅读理解D篇)
Accrding t the Slar Energy Industry Assciatin, the number f slar panels installed(安装)has grwn rapidly in the past decade, and it has t grw even faster t meet climate gals. But all f that grwth will take up a lt f space, and thugh mre and mre peple accept the cncept f slar energy, few like large slar panels t be installed near them.
Slar develpers want t put up panels as quickly and cheaply as pssible, s they haven’t given much thught t what they put under them. Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stnes and using chemicals t cntrl weeds. The result is that many cmmunities, especially in farming regins, see slar farms as destryers f the sil.
“Slar prjects need t be gd neighbrs,” says Jrdan Macknick, the head f the Innvative Site Preparatin and Impact Reductins n the Envirnment(InSPIRE)prject. “They need t be prtectrs f the land and cntribute t the agricultural ecnmy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical appraches t “lw-impact” slar develpment, which fcuses n establishing and perating slar farms in a way that is kinder t the land. One f the easiest lw-impact slar strategies is prviding habitat fr pllinatrs(传粉昆虫).
Habitat lss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pllinatr ppulatins ver the past cuple f decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural ecnmy. Over 28 states have passed laws related t pllinatr habitat prtectin and pesticide use. Cnservatin rganizatins put ut pllinatr-friendliness guidelines fr hme gardens, businesses, schls, cities—and nw there are guidelines fr slar farms.
Over the past few years, many slar farm develpers have transfrmed the space under their slar panels int a shelter fr varius kinds f pllinatrs, resulting in sil imprvement and carbn reductin. “These pllinatr-friendly slar farms can have a valuable impact n everything that’s ging n in the landscape,” says Macknick.
35．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．Pllinatrs: T Leave r t StayB．Slar Energy: Hpe fr the Future
C．InSPIRE: A Leader in AgricultureD．Slar Farms: A New Develpment
【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Over the past few years, many slar farm develpers have transfrmed the space under their slar panels int a shelter fr varius kinds f pllinatrs, resulting in sil imprvement and carbn reductin.(在过去的几年里，许多太阳能农场开发商将太阳能电池板下的空间改造成各种传粉媒介的庇护所，从而改善了土壤并减少了碳排放。)”可知，现在的太阳能农场在过去的几年里已经得到了很大的发展，更重要的是太阳能农场也变得更加的环保，这将是未来发展农业的新趋势，再结合全文对太阳农场的发展过程的介绍可以判断，本文主题是介绍太阳能农场。故选D。
通过文章的主题句总结概括文章标题：
本文主题句放在文章的末尾，先摆出事实细节，最后总结, 从而得出结论, 要求考生耐心地读完全文。
有时主题句首尾呼应，开篇先提出主题，结尾再次升华主题。
总结文章标题解题指导
标题归纳题要求考生在理解文章的基础上，结合文章的体裁和结构，从所给选项中选出适合文章的标题。标题是文章中心思想的精练表达。此类题目主要考查考生把握主题和理解中心思想的能力，要求考生在理解文章的基础上运用判断、归纳、概括等方法，对文章的主题进行提炼或高度概括，最终准确地选出文章的标题。记叙文、说明文和议论文三种文体涉及的不同话题的阅读材料都会考查到标题归纳题。
1.文章标题类设问方式
·The best title f the passage is ________.
·Which f the fllwing is the best title f the passage?
·What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
·The mst apprpriate title f the passage is ______.
2.文章标题的特点
①概括性：能概括全文并体现文章的主旨；
②针对性：内涵相符，范围一致；
③新颖性：新颖奇特，吸引眼球；
④精准性：不改变原文的意思和感情色彩
⑤简短性：名词短语,动名词短语或祈使句。
3.错误选项的特点
①断章取义(仅为文中一细节)；②以偏概全；③离题太远
4.解题技巧：
5.思维方法：
要首先找出文章的主题句，然后根据文章主题句确定文章标题，如果没有主题句再寻找全文重复性强的关键词或者概括全文。
① 正面肯定法：在理解文章主旨的基础上，揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨；
② 反面否定法：撇开原文，设想各选项写出来应是什么样的文章，然后和原文比对，逐一排除不符项；
③ 研读备选项：认真研读备选项里的中心词、结构、概括性、修饰词的变化，查看与中心思想是否相符。
1.（2025·安徽省皖南八校高三第二次大联考）
Researchers studied nearly 450 grassy structures built ver tw years by white-brwed sparrw weavers (肯尼亚织雀) living in the Kalahari Desert in Suth Africa.
“Experiments shw that inexperienced male birds will watch familiar males chsing nest- building materials and then use that infrmatin t adjust their wn chices. Fr example, they preferred a pink tape befre, rather than an range ne, but they will prefer the range ne if they see thers using it,” says Maria Cristina Tell-Rams, a researcher.
This bird species builds grass structures that serve tw purpses: They can be turned int a safe spt t hatch eggs, but they’re als shelters where birds can safely rest inside at night. Birds shape grass int a tube, which ends up being shaped basically like an upside- dwn letter “U”.
T learn mre, Maria and her cwrkers measured every single structure built by 43 family grups ver tw seasns. They analyzed everything frm the length f the tubes t the tubes’ width t the angle between the U-shaped tubes’ “arms”. They intended t see what might accunt fr the bserved differences, carefully cnsidering factrs like temperatures, wind speed, and the number f birds in each family. They culdn’t find any explanatin fr why the birds were building such different structures. “And since it’s knwn that these birds are highly scial,” says Tell-Rams, “it seems prbable that family members are just cpying each ther, creating a culture f nest-building that gets passed dwn again and again and again.”
Smetimes a family will take an utsider under their wing and let it jin the grup. “What I fund mst fascinating was the fact that when a new sparrw weaver jins the grup, it desn’t bring the cultural transmissin f its ld grup,” says Catherine Sheard, a bilgist. “That wuldn’t have been what I predicted.”
31．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Clrful Nests Are a Fashin fr BirdsB．Traditin Lies in nest-building Materials
C．Birds Build Their Culture int Their NestsD．Nest-Building Reflects Birds’ Gender
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了鸟儿在筑巢方面存在相互模仿，形成一种筑巢文化并代代相传的现象。
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段““What I fund mst fascinating was the fact that when a new sparrw weaver jins the grup, it desn’t bring the cultural transmissin f its ld grup,” says Catherine Sheard, a bilgist. “That wuldn’t have been what I predicted.” (生物学家凯瑟琳·谢尔德说：“我发现最令人着迷的是，当一个新的肯尼亚织雀加入这个群体时，它不会带来旧群体的文化传播。这不是我所预料的。”)”结合本文主要讲述了鸟儿在筑巢方面存在相互模仿，形成一种筑巢文化并代代相传的现象，因此C项“鸟把它们的文化建立在它们的巢里”适合作文章标题。故选C。
2.（2025·湘豫名校联考）
Take a walk dwn any majr beach and it likely wn’t be lng befre yu see sme abandned rubbish, which eventually makes their way int the cean where it degrades ver decades r even centuries. Fr the mst part, sptting all that garbage still requires eyes and a fair deal f walking. But that culd ne day change thanks t a new satellite imaging technique.
A team develped a new tl that highlights unique spectral characters in plastics, which culd accurately identify plastic items n beaches and tell them frm sand, water, and plants.
Satellite imagery has, fr years, been used t help scientists identify plastics flating in the cean. This prcess wrks relatively well fr identifying large pieces f plastic in the water, but it’s far less effective at sptting plastics n beaches. Castal plastics ften mix in r is partially buried by sand which makes sptting it much mre difficult.
The team created a new spectral index, the Beached Plastic Debris Index (BPDI), which lks fr patterns f reflected light frm plastics. T test their new tl, the researchers cllected varius types f plastic trash that wuld likely be fund n a beach. They finally settled n 14 different plastic targets and placed them 3.7 meters apart frm each ther n a beach in Victria, Australia.
Once the plastics were in place, the satellite flew far verhead and tk a series f phts. Researchers applied their index t the images and cmpared them t three ther already-develped indices intended fr detecting plastics, tw fr plastics n land and ne fr bjects flating in the cean. The BPDI index well utperfrmed the ther three indices in terms f accuracy. The ther three generally struggled t identify plastics and, in sme cases, wuld even misidentify shadws as trash. Still, the BPDI index wasn’t perfect. In particular, the study ntes it was difficult t identify transparent and translucent plymers like plastic water bttles and bags.
Lking t the future, the researchers want t mve these findings ut f limited test envirnments and int the real wrld. That culd mean partnering with ther rganizatins specializing in castal plastic remval t use their satellite imagery technique.
15．What can be the best title fr the text?
A．The Beached Plastic Debris Index
B．A New Technique fr Identifying Plastics n Beaches
C．A New Tl t Identify New Light Spectrum
D．New Satellite Techniques fr Ocean Explratin
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一个团队开发了一种新工具，可以突出塑料中独特的光谱特征，能够准确地识别海滩上的塑料垃圾。
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“A team develped a new tl that highlights unique spectral characters in plastics, which culd accurately identify plastic items n beaches and tell them frm sand, water, and plants.(一个团队开发了一种新工具，可以突出塑料中独特的光谱特征，可以准确地识别海滩上的塑料物品，并将它们与沙子、水和植物区分开来)”结合文章主要说明了一个团队开发了一种新工具，可以突出塑料中独特的光谱特征，能够准确地识别海滩上的塑料垃圾，所以B选项“一种新的海滩塑料识别技术”最适合作文章标题。故选B。
考点二 考查文章大意题
1.(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷) C篇
We all knw fresh is best when it cmes t fd. Hwever, mst prduce at the stre went thrugh weeks f travel and cvered hundreds f miles befre reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a slid chice t reduce the jurney, Babyln Micr-Farm (BMF) shrtens it even mre.
BMF is an indr garden system. It can be set up fr a family. Additinally, it culd serve a larger audience such as a hspital, restaurant r schl. The innvative design requires little effrt t achieve a reliable weekly supply f fresh greens.
Specifically, it’s a farm that relies n new technlgy. By cnnecting thrugh the Clud, BMF is remtely mnitred. Als, there is a cnvenient app that prvides grwing data in real time. Because the system is autmated, it significantly reduces the amunt f water needed t grw plants. Rather than watering rws f sil, the system prvides just the right amunt t each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pd (容器) t get the next grwth cycle started.
Mrever, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zer emissins (排放) frm transprting plants frm sil t salad. In additin, there’s n need fr pesticides and ther chemicals that pllute traditinal farms and the surrunding envirnment.
BMF emplyees live ut sustainability in their everyday lives. Abut half f them walk r bike t wrk. Inside the ffice, they encurage recycling and waste reductin by limiting garbage cans and aviding single-use plastic. “We are passinate abut reducing waste, carbn and chemicals in ur envirnment,” said a BMF emplyee.
11. What des the text mainly talk abut?
A. BMF’s majr strengths.B. BMF’s general management.
C. BMF’s glbal influence.D. BMF’s technical standards.
【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“While farmer’s markets are a slid chice t reduce the jurney, Babyln Micr-Farm (BMF) shrtens it even mre. (虽然农贸市场是减少旅程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场（BMF）甚至缩短了旅程)”、第三段“By cnnecting thrugh the Clud, BMF is remtely mnitred. Als, there is a cnvenient app that prvides grwing data in real time. Because the system is autmated, it significantly reduces the amunt f water needed t grw plants. Rather than watering rws f sil, the system prvides just the right amunt t each plant. (通过云连接，对BMF进行远程监控。此外，还有一个方便的应用程序可以实时提供不断增长的数据。由于该系统是自动化的，因此大大减少了种植植物所需的水量。该系统不是给一排排土壤浇水，而是为每株植物提供合适的水量)”以及最后一段“BMF emplyees live ut sustainability in their everyday lives. Abut half f them walk r bike t wrk. Inside the ffice, they encurage recycling and waste reductin by limiting garbage cans and aviding single-use plastic. “We are passinate abut reducing waste, carbn and chemicals in ur envirnment,” said a BMF emplyee. (BMF员工在日常生活中追求可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”)”可知，文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场（BMF）的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等。故选A。
本文的文章大意需要从文中各段进行总结，最后总结概括文章大意。
文章在不同的段落里说明了巴比伦微型农场的特点：减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等，很显然这都是农场的优势。故A选项正确。它是对全文的高度概括，语言精练。
2.（2023年1月·浙江卷·阅读理解B 篇）
Live with rmmates? Have friends and family arund yu? Chances are that if yu’re lking t live a mre sustainable lifestyle, nt everyne arund yu will be ready t jump n that bandwagn.
I experienced this when I started switching t a zer waste lifestyle five years ag, as I was living with my parents, and I cntinue t experience this with my husband, as he is nt cmpletely zer waste like me. I’ve learned a few things alng the way thugh, which I hpe yu’ll find encuraging if yu’re ding yur best t figure ut hw yu can make the change in a nt-always-supprtive husehld.
Zer waste was a radical lifestyle mvement a few years back. I remember shwing my parents a vide f Bea Jhnsn, sharing hw cl I thught it wuld be t buy grceries with jars, and have s little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars f zer waste grceries, and my dad cmmented n hw silly it was fr me t carry jars everywhere. It came ff as a bit discuraging.
Yet as the mnths f reducing waste cntinued, I did what I culd that was within my wn reach. I had my wn bedrm, s I wrked n remving things I didn’t need. Since I had my wn tiletries (洗漱用品), I was able t start persnalising my rutine t be mre sustainable. I als ffered t ck every s ften, s I prtined ut a bit f the cupbard fr my wn zer waste grceries. Perhaps yur husehld wn’t entirely make the switch, but yu may have sme cntrl ver yur wn persnal spaces t make the changes yu desire.
As yu make yur lifestyle changes, yu may find yurself wanting t speak up fr yurself if thers cmment n what yu’re ding, which can turn itself int a whle husehld debate. If yu have individuals wh are nt n bard, yur wrds prbably wn’t d much and can ften leave yu feeling mre discuraged.
S here is my advice: Lead by actin.
27．What is the text mainly abut?
A．Hw t get n well with ther family members.
B．Hw t have ne’s wn persnal space at hme.
C．Hw t live a zer waste lifestyle in a husehld.
D．Hw t cntrl the budget when buying grceries.
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chances are that if yu’re lking t live a mre sustainable lifestyle, nt everyne arund yu will be ready t jump n that bandwagn.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things alng the way thugh, which I hpe yu’ll find encuraging if yu’re ding yur best t figure ut hw yu can make the change in a nt-always-supprtive husehld.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。故选C。
记叙文的文章大意：纯记叙文通常没有主题句,需要读者自己领悟,从中归纳提炼;但有的在文尾作者会发表感慨、感悟或就此发表议论,主旨也就在此;还有的先发表某种议论或感慨再讲一个故事或经历,主旨就在文首。
本题是一篇记叙文，文章大意需要归纳总结文中的主要内容。
3.（2020·全国新课标II·阅读理解B 篇）
Sme parents will buy any high-tech ty if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychlgist Susan Levine, an expert n mathematics develpment in yung children the University f Chicag, fund children wh play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develp better spatial skills. Puzzle play was fund t be a significant predictr f cgnitin(认知) after cntrlling fr differences in parents’ incme, educatin and the amunt f parent talk, Levine said.
The researchers analyzed vide recrdings f 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at hme and fund children wh play with puzzles between 26 and 46 mnths f age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 mnths f age.
“The children wh played with puzzles perfrmed better than thse wh did nt, n tasks that assessed their ability t rtate(旋转)and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement.
The parents were asked t interact with their children as they nrmally wuld, and abut half f children in the study played with puzzles at ne time. Higher-incme parents tended t have children play with puzzles mre frequently, and bth bys and girls wh played with puzzles had better spatial skills. Hwever, bys tended t play with mre cmplex puzzles than girls, and the parents f bys prvided mre spatial language and were mre active during puzzle play than parents f girls.
The findings were published in the jurnal Develpmental Science.
27．What is the text mainly abut?
A．A mathematical methd.B．A scientific study.
C．A wman psychlgistD．A teaching prgram.
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。本文是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过程和结果。所以是关于科学研究的。B. A scientific study(一项科学研究)符合以上说法，故选B项。
科研报告或调查报告：反映科学实验或调研结果的报道或科普类说明文，内容主要包括“科研实验 结果或调查结果+实验研究过程或调查的具体情况”两大部分,文章主旨就是科研或调查结果，因此主题句通常在首段,且常伴有 accrding t a study, a study shwed/prved, this is suggested by the results f new research n, scientists recently reprted, a study claimed 等。
文章大意解题指导
1.解题思路
2. 文章大意类设问方式
·What's the main idea/pint f the passage?
·The passage is mainly abut ________.
·The passage is mainly cncerned abut ________.
·Which f the fllwing best states the main idea f the passage?
·Which f the fllwing statements best expresses the main idea/theme f the passage?
·In this passage the authr discusses primarily ________.
·The subject discussed in this text is ________.
·The general/main idea f the passage is abut ________.
3.解题技巧：
方法1：主题句法
解答主旨大意题，找准文章的主题句是关键。下面介绍两种快速找出主题句的方法。
(1)根据文体和写作手法来定位主题句
(2)根据行文标志来定位主题句
方法2：高频词法
全文中无明显主题句时，我们可以利用文章中的高频词。任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。
方法3：逆向思维法
在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时，试着从选项出发，想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有哪些内容，然后把它与文章的内容比较，接近的即为正确选项。
1.（2025·四川省攀枝花市高三统考）
If yu recently had truble figuring ut if an image f a persn is real r generated thrugh artificial intelligence (AI), yu’re nt alne. Accrding t a new study frm University f Waterl, Ontari, Canada, researchers fund that peple had mre difficulty than was expected distinguishing wh is a real persn and wh is artificially generated.
The Waterl study saw 260 participants prvided with 20 unlabeled pictures: 10 f which were f real peple btained frm Ggle searches, and the ther 10 generated by Stable Diffusin r DALL-E, tw cmmnly used AI prgrams that generate images.
Participants were asked t label each image as real r AI-generated and explain why they made their decisin. Only 61% f participants culd tell the difference between AI-generated peple and real nes, far belw the 85% threshld (门槛) that researchers expected. “Peple are nt as adept at telling the difference as they think they are,” said Andrea Pcl, a PhD candidate in Cmputer Science at the University f Waterl.
Participants paid attentin t details such as fingers, teeth, and eyes as pssible indicatrs when lking fr AI-generated cntent — but their assessments weren’t always crrect. Pcl nted that the nature f the study allwed participants t cmpare phts in detail, while mst Internet users lk at images in passing. “Peple wh are just scrlling thrugh nline infrmatin in a rush r dn’t have time wn’t pick up n these clues,” Pcl said.
Pcl added that the extremely rapid rate at which AI technlgy is develping makes it particularly difficult t understand the ptential fr ill-intentined r illegal actin caused by AI-generated images. The pace f academic research and law-making isn’t ften able t keep up:AI-generated images have becme even mre realistic since the study began in late 2022.
“Disinfrmatin isn’t new, but the tls f disinfrmatin have been cnstantly evlving and prgressing,” Pcl said. “It may get t a pint where peple, n matter hw trained they are, will still struggle t distinguish real images frm false nes. That’s why we need t develp tls t identify and prevent this.”
11．What is the text mainly abut?
A．Methds f distinguishing disinfrmatin.B．Challenges caused by AI-generated images.
C．Difficulties in telling AI-generated images.D．Differences between real and false images.
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由第一段“If yu recently had truble figuring ut if an image f a persn is real r generated thrugh artificial intelligence (AI), yu’re nt alne. Accrding t a new study frm University f Waterl, Ontari, Canada, researchers fund that peple had mre difficulty than was expected distinguishing wh is a real persn and wh is artificially generated. (如果你最近很难判断一张人物图片是真实的还是通过人工智能生成的，你并不孤单。根据加拿大安大略省滑铁卢大学的一项新研究，研究人员发现，人们区分真实人物和人工智能生成的人物比预期的要困难得多。)”可知，本文主要讲述的是很难区分出人工智能生成的图像。故选C。
2.（2025·湖南省郴州市高三统考）
Sme scientists fear researchers are misusing ChatGPT and ther artificial intelligence(AI)chatbts t prduce scientific literature, citing a rise in questinable AI wrds in published papers. Sme f these remarks — such as the careless inclusin f “certainly, here is a pssible intrductin fr yur tpic” in a recent paper frm Elsevier Inc.’s Surfaces and Interfaces — are reasnably bvius evidence that a scientist used an AI chatbt knwn as a large language mdel(LLM). But “that’s prbably nly the tip f the iceberg,” says Elisabeth Bik. A representative f Elsevier Inc. tld SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN that the publisher regrets the situatin and is investigating hw the paper culd have “slipped thrugh” the evaluatin prcess.
LLMs are designed t generate text, but what they prduce may r may nt be accurate. “The prblem is that these tls are nt gd enugh yet t trust,” Bik says. They’ll be in what cmputer scientists call hallucinatins: simply put, they make stuff up. “Specifically, fr scientific papers,” Bik ntes, an AI “will generate references that dn’t exist.” S if scientists place t much anaclisis in LLMs, study authrs risk putting AI-prduced mistakes int their wrk, mixing mre ptential fr errr int the already messy reality f scientific publishing.
Andrew Gray, a librarian and researcher at University Cllege Lndn, recently hunted fr AI buzzwrds(流行语)in scientific papers using Dimensins, a data-analytics platfrm that its develpers say tracks mre than 140 millin papers wrldwide. He searched fr wrds imprperly used by chatbts, such as “intricate” “meticulus” and “cmmendable”. These indicatr wrds, he says, shw the prblem mre clearly than any “giveaway” AI phrase a careless authr might cpy int a paper. At least60,000 papers — slightly mre than 1 percent f all scientific articles published glbally last year— may have used an LLM, accrding t Gray’ s analysis. Other studies that fcused specifically n subsectins f science suggest even mre reliance n LLMs. One such investigatin fund that up t 17.5 percent f recent cmputer science papers exhibit signs f AI writing.
15．What is the main idea f the text?
A．The develpment f large language mdels in recent years.
B．The rise f AI chatbts in scientific literature is uncntrllable.
C．The ptential risks f relying n AI chatbts fr scientific literature.
D．The publishers are respnsible fr the misuse f AI chatbts in literature.
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第二段的“LLMs are designed t generate text, but what they prduce may r may nt be accurate.(LLMs旨在生成文本，但它们生成的内容可能是准确的，也可能不准确)”可知，文本主要介绍依赖AI聊天机器人撰写科学文献的潜在风险。故选C。
考点三 考查段落大意题
1.(2024新课标I卷)B篇 26题
Leigh Tindale’s dg Charlie had a serius heart cnditin. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared t put him t sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dg’s suffering s much that she was able t keep him alive fr an additinal five mnths. And Priscilla Dewing reprts that her hrse, Nappy, “mves mre easily and rides mre cmfrtably” after a chirpractic adjustment.
26. What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A. Steps f a chirpractic treatment.
B. The cmplexity f veterinarians’ wrk.
C. Examples f rare animal diseases.
D. The effectiveness f hlistic medicine.
【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Leigh Tindale’s dg Charlie had a serius heart cnditin. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared t put him t sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dg’s suffering s much that she was able t keep him alive fr an additinal five mnths. And Priscilla Dewing reprts that her hrse, Nappy, “mves mre easily and rides mre cmfrtably” after a chirpractic adjustment.(利·廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。普里西拉·杜因(Priscilla Dewing)报告说，她的马纳皮(Nappy)经过脊椎按摩调整后，“行动更容易，乘车更舒服”。) ”可知，本段主要讲述了两个例子，一个是Farber通过整体医学方法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗Charlie，另一个是马Nappy在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性。故选D。
记叙文往往没有明显的主题句，因为记叙文以记叙和描述性的语言讲述人和物的故事，所以，在总结段意时，我们要从字里行间中体会、感悟作者的意图，总结出段落大意。
2.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解D篇节选）
This effect capitalizes n the fact that when peple make errrs, thse errrs aren’t always the same. Sme peple will tend t verestimate, and sme t underestimate. When enugh f these errrs are averaged tgether, they cancel each ther ut, resulting in a mre accurate estimate. If peple are similar and tend t make the same errrs, then their errrs wn’t cancel each ther ut. In mre technical terms, the wisdm f crwds requires that peple’s estimates be independent. If fr whatever reasns, peple’s errrs becme crrelated r dependent,the accuracy f the estimate will g dwn.
( )32.What is Paragraph 2 f the text mainly abut?
A.The methds f estimatin.
B.The underlying lgic f the effect.
C.The causes f peple’s errrs.
D.The design f Galtn’s experiment.
【答案】B
【解析】段落大意题。根据第二段内容“This effect capitalizes n the fact that when peple make errrs, thse errrs aren’t always the same…the accuracy f the estimate will g dwn.”可知,本段阐述了人们所犯的错误不总是相同的,各不相同的误差平均在一起,相互抵消,就会产生更准确的估计,独立估计的平均因误差的消除而产生更准确的预测。因此本段主要解释了“群体智慧”效应这一现象的基本逻辑。故选B。
要准确概括段落大意，务必知道该段落的逻辑结构。如该段为总分顺序组织，则主题句在段首；如该段为分总顺序组织，则主题句在段尾；如该段为分总分顺序组织，则主题句在段中；如该段对比各事物，则其异同点即为该段大意。一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头,其后是论证性细节。在说明文、论述文或新闻报道中多采用这种形式。
3.（2023·1月浙江卷·阅读理解C篇节选）
Meaning emerges thrugh a prcess f scial interactin, nt f cmputatin, interactin that shapes the cntent f the symbls in ur heads. The rules that assign meaning lie nt just inside ur heads, but als utside, in sciety, in scial memry, scial cnventins and scial relatins. It is this that distinguishes humans frm machines. And that’s why, hwever astnishing Prject Debater may seem, the traditin that began with Scrates and Cnfucius will nt end with artificial intelligence.
31．What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A．Scial interactin is key t understanding symbls.
B．The human brain has ptential yet t be develped.
C．Ancient philsphers set gd examples fr debaters.
D．Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
【答案】A
【解析】段落大意题。根据最后一段的“Meaning emerges thrugh a prcess f scial interactin, nt f cmputatin, interactin that shapes the cntent f the symbls in ur heads. The rules that assign meaning lie nt just inside ur heads, but als utside, in sciety, in scial memry, scial cnventins and scial relatins.(意义的产生是通过社会互动的过程，而不是计算的过程，这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。)”可知，从最后一段我们能了解到社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。
段落大意题解题指导
1.整体思路
2.段落大意类设问方式
·What des the authr tell us in Paragraph
·The main idea f the secnd paragraph prbably is ________.
·The first paragraph is mainly abut ________.
·Which f the fllwing can best summarize Para.1?
·What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
3.解题技巧：
段落大意题主要考查段落的主要意思，是对一个段落的基本内容的简缩和概括。概括、总结、归纳段落大意就是用准确的、简练的语言把一个段落的主要意思明确而完整地表达出来。
做题时要特别注意“首尾兼顾”，即所问段落的首句和尾句。一是因为它们往往体现主旨要义，二是因为利用这些信息可以迅速提炼段落结构框架，在框架下的主旨判断，其准确性更高。
1.（2025·山西省长治市高三月考）
The sustainable village f the future, if Martina Waldemar and Ja Almeida have any say abut it, will have slar panels, earthen buildings, and a frm f regenerative agriculture that cpies nature t prduce climate-friendly fd. The field hands wh wrk there will earn wages well abve what’s standard fr this rural area f Prtugal. There will be cwrking space with fast internet. “The life can be easy,” Mr. Almeida says f his family’s prject, which they call Gandum Village.
12．What des Paragraph 1 fcus n?
A．All jbs will be carried ut remtely.B．A sustainable life can be enjyable.
C．Climate is friendly t agriculture.D．Ec-friendly villages need high-paid farmers.
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“The sustainable village f the future, if Martina Waldemar and Ja Almeida have any say abut it, will have slar panels, earthen buildings, and a frm f regenerative agriculture that cpies nature t prduce climate-friendly fd. The field hands wh wrk there will earn wages well abve what’s standard fr this rural area f Prtugal. There will be cwrking space with fast internet. ‘The life can be easy,’ Mr. Almeida says f his family’s prject, which they call Gandum Village.(如果Martina Waldemar和Ja Almeida对此有什么意见的话，未来的可持续村庄将拥有太阳能板、土坯建筑和一种模仿自然生产气候友好型食物的再生农业。在那里工作的田间工人将获得远高于葡萄牙这一农村地区标准的工资。那里还将有带有快速网络的共享工作空间。‘生活可以很轻松，’Almeida先生谈到他家族的项目时说道，他们称之为Gandum Village)”可知，本段主要介绍了Gandum Village这个可持续村庄项目的特点，包括其采用的可持续生活方式和较高的工资待遇，并强调这种生活可以是轻松的。因此，本段主要说明可持续生活可以是令人愉悦的。故选B项。
2.（2025·湖南省郴州市高三统考）
Demand fr nickel t make electric vehicle (EV) batteries is frecast t duble t mre than 6 millin tnnes (吨) per year by 2040. Yet mining and refining it is envirnmentally destructive and, depending n where and hw it is prduced, mining a tnne f nickel generates between 10 and 59 tnnes f CO2. Phytmining fr nickel avids these prblems.
10．What des paragraph 3 mainly want t tell us?
A．The great need fr nickel.
B．The main reasns fr phytmining.
C．The practical applicatin f phytmining.
D．The disadvantages f cnventinal mining.
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Demand fr nickel t make electric vehicle (EV) batteries is frecast t duble t mre than 6 millin tnnes (吨) per year by 2040. Yet mining and refining it is envirnmentally destructive and, depending n where and hw it is prduced, mining a tnne f nickel generates between 10 and 59 tnnes f CO2. Phytmining fr nickel avids these prblems.(预计到2040年，用于制造电动汽车电池的镍需求量将翻一番，达到每年600多万吨。然而，开采和提炼镍对环境是有害的，而且根据镍的产地和生产方式的不同，开采一吨镍会产生10至59吨的二氧化碳。植物镍的开采避免了这些问题)”可知，本段主要介绍了植物采矿的原因：镍的需求量大，现行的开采方式存在的缺点。最后一句总结本段内容，植物采矿可以避免这些问题。由此推断，本段主要介绍采用植物采矿的原因。故选B。
3.（2025·河北省省级联考）
Mst cmpanies wrking n AI, including ChatGPT maker OpenAI, dn’t disclse their emissins. But, last week, Ggle released a new sustainability reprt. Deep within the 86-page reprt, Ggle said its greenhuse gas emissins rse last year by 48% since 2019. It wes that rise t its data center energy cnsumptin and supply chain emissins.
28．What is mainly talked abut in Paragraph 3?
A．AI’s great demand fr energy.B．AI’s scientific imprvement.
C．The pwerful functin f AI.D．The cmplicated peratin f AI.
【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Mst cmpanies wrking n AI, including ChatGPT maker OpenAI, dn’t disclse their emissins. But, last week, Ggle released a new sustainability reprt. Deep within the 86-page reprt, Ggle said its greenhuse gas emissins rse last year by 48% since 2019. It wes that rise t its data center energy cnsumptin and supply chain emissins.(大多数从事人工智能研究的公司，包括ChatGPT的制造商OpenAI，都没有披露他们的排放量。但是，上周谷歌发布了一份新的可持续发展报告。在这份长达86页的报告中，谷歌表示，自2019年以来，其去年的温室气体排放量增长了48%。该公司将这一增长归因于其数据中心的能源消耗和供应链排放)”可知，本段中心讨论的话题是人工智能对能源的巨大需求。故选A。
04重难点突破 主旨要义的解题关键
主旨要义题重难点突破：
1．命题规律：主旨大意题旨在考查考生归纳概括以及辨别主要信息和次要信息的能力，是阅读理解中的高难度题，一定要把它作为最后一道题来做。概括全文大意最简单的方法就是把每段的大意串起来考虑。
2．考查类型：主要考查文章标题、段落大意题、文章大意题。
3．考查趋势：主旨大意题是高考阅读理解中的必考点，每年必考，一般考查1——2题。
4．选项特点：
正确选项特征
干扰选项特征
5．解题技巧：
文章大意题找主题句的技巧：
①段落中出现表示转折的词语(如hwever, but, in fact, actually等)时，该句很可能是主题句。
②首段出现疑问句时，对该问句的回答很可能就是文章主旨。
③作者有意识地重复的观点，通常是主旨；反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。
④ 表示总结或结论的句子常包含therefre, thus, in shrt, cnclude, cnclusin等词，通常是主旨。
段落首尾兼顾法寻找主题句：
①段首段尾：段首--主题句多为段首一两句(观点或对象)；段尾--主题句也常为段尾句(结论或总结)。
②段中：主题句有时在段中(前面的话是为引出主题）。
③无主题句：有时没有主题句，需根据段落内容自己概括。
标题归纳题找主题句
①概括性：概括全文，体现主旨；
②针对性：内涵相符，范围一致；
③新颖性：新颖奇特，吸引眼球；
④简短性：名词短语,动名词短语或祈使句。
1.（2025·河北省省级联考）
A newly engineered type f sil can draw water ut f thin air t prvide plants with water and manage cntrlled release f fertilizer (肥料) fr a cnstant supply f nutrients.
Supprting this exciting smart sil system is a hydrgel (水凝胶) material. In experiments, the sil cntaining hydrgel led t the grwth f larger, healthier plants, cmpared t regular sil, all while using less water and fertilizer. The technlgy is als universal enugh t be adpted acrss a wide range f climates, frm dry regins t temperate areas.
Agriculture tday accunts fr 70% f glbal freshwater withdrawals and up t 95% in sme develping cuntries as ur glbal ppulatin cntinues t rise. The U. N. Fd and Agriculture Organizatin (FAO) emphasizes the imprtance f imprving irrigatin (灌溉) efficiency, adpting water-saving technlgies and prmting crps with lwer water ftprints t ensure sustainable fd prductin and water resurce management.
Meanwhile, traditinal farming methds, especially irrigatin and fertilizing, face significant difficulties. As climate change intensifies and water resurces becme increasingly rare, the need fr mre efficient and sustainable irrigatin practices has never been mre urgent. Additinally, cnventinal fertilizatin techniques ften result in t much nutrient expsure, reducing nutrient uptake efficiency and causing envirnmental pllutin, and farmable land degradatin.
“The lack f water cupled with a grwing ppulatin has an immediate impact n fd security,” said Yu, prfessr f Materials Science in the Cckrell Schl. “This new class f hydrgels ffers a slutin t meet the pressing needs f water and efficient nutrient uptake in mdern sustainable agriculture.”
In experiments, plants rted in the hydrgel sil saw a 138% increase in crp length cmpared t a cntrl grup in regular sil. And the imprved sil can achieve 40% water savings, significantly reducing the need fr frequent irrigatin and ensuring strng crp develpment.
This research builds n previus discveries invlving hydrgels that can pull water frm the atmsphere and make farming mre efficient. The prject will cntinue, and the researchers’ next mves invlve integrating different types f fertilizers and lnger field tests.
35．What can be the best title fr the text?
A．Smart Sil Can Water and Feed Itself
B．Hydrgel Will Take the Place f Sil
C．Mdern Agriculture Is Facing Drught
D．Smart Sil Is Apprved fr Prmtin
【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“A newly engineered type f sil can draw water ut f thin air t prvide plants with water and manage cntrlled release f fertilizer (肥料) fr a cnstant supply f nutrients.(一种新型工程土壤可以从稀薄的空气中汲取水分，为植物提供水分，并控制肥料的释放，以保持养分的持续供应)”提出了一种新型土壤，这种土壤可以从空气中汲取水分，并能控制化肥的用量。然后文章通过与普通土壤的对比介绍了新型土壤的优势。由此可知，本文主要介绍了一种可以自动浇水和施肥的智能土壤，所以A项“智能土壤可以自我浇水和喂养”为本文最好的标题。故选A。
2.（2025·四川省绵阳市涪城区绵阳中学二模）
Cnfirmatin bias refers t peple’s tendency t seek ut infrmatin that supprts their existing beliefs. While it’s usually subcnscius, its impacts are significant. It can clud peple’s judgement and decisin-making prcesses.
One explanatin fr cnfirmatin bias is that it is an efficient way t prcess infrmatin. Humans are cnstantly fed with infrmatin and cannt pssibly take the time t carefully prcess each piece. It is adaptive fr humans t rely n subcnscius, autmatic judgements that cntribute t the efficiency. Anther reasn why peple shw cnfirmatin bias is t prtect their self-wrth. Peple like t feel gd abut themselves, and discvering a belief they highly value is incrrect makes them feel bad abut themselves. Therefre, cnfirmatin bias will encurage them t disregard the infrmatin cntrary t their belief.
Researches shw that cnfirmatin bias is strng and widespread. In studies examining my-side bias, peple were able t generate and remember mre reasns supprting their side f a cntrversial issue than the ppsing side. Only when a researcher directly asked peple t generate arguments against their wn beliefs were they able t d s. It is nt that peple are incapable f generating arguments that are cntrary t their beliefs, but, rather, peple are nt mtivated t d s.
Cnfirmatin bias als surfaces in interpersnal cmmunicatin. When interacting with peple wh perceivers think have certain persnalities, the perceivers will ask questins that are biased tward supprting the perceivers’ beliefs. If a new rmmate is expected t be friendly and utging, Maria may ask her if she likes t g t parties rather than asking if she ften studies in the library.
Cnfirmatin bias may lead t incmplete and misinterpreted understanding f an issue r tpic, as crucial infrmatin may be verlked r dismissed. Thus, t avid it, peple are suppsed t diversify the surces f infrmatin accessed as seeking multiple perspectives brings a brader understanding f the subject matter and allws fr well-runded decisin-making. Anther way is t actively challenge the bias by questining assumptins and relying n evidence rather than persnal pinins, which helps us cnsciusly recgnize infrmatinal biases and minimize their impact.
15．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．The rle f my-side bias in enhancing peple’s wn beliefs.
B．The effects f infrmatin verlad n decisin-making prcess.
C．The impact f cnfirmatin bias n interpersnal cmmunicatin.
D．Understanding f cnfirmatin bias and strategies t vercme it.
【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Cnfirmatin bias refers t peple’s tendency t seek ut infrmatin that supprts their existing beliefs. While it’s usually subcnscius, its impacts are significant. It can clud peple’s judgement and decisin-making prcesses. (确认偏误指的是人们倾向于寻找支持自己现有信念的信息。尽管这通常是潜意识的，但其影响却十分重大。它会使人们的判断和决策过程变得模糊)”和最后一段“Cnfirmatin bias may lead t incmplete and misinterpreted understanding f an issue r tpic, as crucial infrmatin may be verlked r dismissed. Thus, t avid it, peple are suppsed t diversify the surces f infrmatin accessed as seeking multiple perspectives brings a brader understanding f the subject matter and allws fr well-runded decisin-making. Anther way is t actively challenge the bias by questining assumptins and relying n evidence rather than persnal pinins, which helps us cnsciusly recgnize infrmatinal biases and minimize their impact. (确认偏误可能导致对某个问题或话题的理解不完整和误解，因为关键信息可能会被忽视或驳回。因此，为了避免这种情况，人们应该多样化信息来源，因为从多个角度获取信息有助于更全面地理解主题，并做出周全的决策。另一种方法是主动挑战偏见，通过质疑假设并依赖证据而非个人意见，这有助于我们有意识地识别信息偏见并最大限度地减少其影响)”可知，文章主要讲述了对确认偏误的理解以及克服它的策略。故选D。
3.（2025·四川省绵阳市涪城区绵阳中学二模）
Indeed, the demnstratin seemed impressive. When Ck pinted the camera at a restaurant, the AI assistant Siri culd tell him what was n the menu. It als culd answer his questins fairly well and learn abut the users frm their interactins with their devices. Fr instance, Siri culd knw if a user’s mther was calling and acted apprpriately.
8．What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A．The Glwtime event.B．iPhne 16’s AI features.
C．Tim Ck’s perfrmance.D．The future f AI phnes.
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“When Ck pinted the camera at a restaurant, the AI assistant Siri culd tell him what was n the menu. It als culd answer his questins fairly well and learn abut the users frm their interactins with their devices. Fr instance, Siri culd knw if a user’s mther was calling and acted apprpriately.(当库克将摄像头对准一家餐厅时，人工智能助手Siri可以告诉他菜单上有什么。它还可以很好地回答他的问题，并从用户与设备的互动中了解用户。例如，Siri可以知道用户的母亲是否在打电话，并做出适当的反应)”可知，本段主要介绍了iPhne已经具备的AI功能。故选B。
考点
目标要求
年份
卷别
考题统计
考情分析
主旨大意题
考查着眼于文章整体，归纳、总结文章标题、大意及段落大意的能力
2024
新高考I卷
26
从近三年高考试题来看，主旨大意题主要集中考查：文章标题、文章大意；段落大意。
主旨大意题在高考中出现次数稳定，通常1-2题。说明文和议论文的主题句多位于文章的开头，有时也位于文章的中间或末尾。记叙文多在文章末尾点题，但有时不能直接在文章中直接找到主题句，需要考生在弄清段与段之间逻辑关系的基础上自己归纳总结。
预计在2025年高考主旨大意题仍然有1-2题。
新高考II卷
31
全国甲卷
27
浙江卷1月
35
2023
新高考I卷
32
新高考II卷
27
全国甲卷
全国乙卷
32
浙江卷1月
27、35
2022
新高考I卷
32
新高考II卷
31
全国甲卷
27、31、32
全国乙卷
31
关键词法
反复出现的词语，多次重复的观点就是体现主旨的关键词
主题句法
根据文章主题句，确定中心词充当标题
串联法
分析文章细节，确定共同点，如同穿珠般，串联细节共同点，确定标题
逆向法
根据四个选项，考虑其可能内容，对照原文，最相似者为最佳选项
转折词
如but，hwever，in fact，actually等时，其后的内容往往是作者真正想要表达的观点。
总结词
如therefre，thus，in shrt，cnclude 等，其后的内容往往是文章的主题。
疑问句
若首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答可能是文章的主题。
概括性
涵盖性强，覆盖全文或全段
覆盖性
确定的范围恰当，既不太大，也不太小
精确性
精确性强，不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩
模糊性
不出现细节信息，不含过分肯定或绝对意义的词
主题扩大
所给选项内容概括的范围过大，超出文章所述内容
无中生有
符合常识，但不是文章的内容
曲解文意
与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动
颠倒是非
在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反
偷换概念
所给选项被命题者有意识地把本属于A的内容放在B上