Unit 5 China and the World 阅读理解（含解析）仁爱版 九年级下册英语题型专项练习

这是一份Unit 5 China and the World 阅读理解（含解析）仁爱版 九年级下册英语题型专项练习，共17页。
Unit 5 China and the World 阅读理解（含解析）仁爱版 九年级下册英语题型专项集训To travel around the world is the dream of many adventurous people. But very few people can afford a global tour because hotels, food and airplane tickets are too expensive. Some people, however, have thought of some ways to realize their dreams.Laura Cody and Tanbay Theune, a couple from Britain, decided to travel around the world. They have found a good way to pay for their trips. They look after pets for rich house owners. In exchange, they can stay in the houses for free. They have looked after horses, cows, cats, dogs and fish. In two years, the couple has been to Australia, Germany, Spain and Italy. They have stayed in big cities and small villages. The home owners are usually very generous and have given them food, wine and day trips.Another person who tries to realize her travel dream is a photographer—Rhiannon Taylor. She travels around the world to visit, review and take photos of the best hotels. She shares the places she stays and the food she eats on the Internet with tens of thousands of followers.With these ways of making money, travelling around the world is no longer a dream. More and more young people are thinking creatively to make their dreams come true.1．The best word to describe the way of realizing the travel dream is ________.A．special B．creative C．rich D．adventurous2．It is known from the passage that Laura and Tanbay paid for their trips by ________.A．staying in the house for free B．being given food and day drinksC．going to Australia and other countries D．looking after pets for rich house owners3．According to the passage, Taylor is a photographer who shares her photos ________.A．on the Internet B．before her travelC．with hundreds of followers D．during staying in hotels4．What does the underlined word “generous” mean in Chinese?A．吝啬的 B．友善的 C．慷慨的 D．冷漠的It is expected that Pacific Island countries will become popular with Chinese tourists in 2022. Which one should you choose for your summer holiday?5．Which country is the first one to start a new day?A．Papua New Guinea. B．Kingdom of Tonga.C．The Republic of Vanuatu. D．Fiji.6．People go to Fiji for their holidays mainly because ________.A．things there are well worth seeingB．the underwater post office is excitingC．they want to stay in the Royal PalaceD．it is the largest Pacific Island country7．Which language is spoken in all the four Pacific Island countries?A．Tok Pisin. B．French. C．Bislama. D．English.Natural scenes often become the themes of poetry. Poets watch nature closely and present(呈现) its beauty in their poems. For example, poets may describe natural scenes such as a spring day or a snowy day. Besides, poets often express their feelings about nature by creating lively images(形象) in poems. With images, poets can describe the details(细节) of something colorfully. Readers, on the other hand, can connect their own experiences with the images in the poems so that they can share the poets’ ideas. Now let’s read the poem “Who Has Seen the Wind?”When we read the lines “When the leaves hang trembling” and “When the trees bow down their heads,” they remind us of a windy day. The poet successfully creates an image of the wind by describing details of the scene. These help the readers think of the moment when the wind passes by. We might even bow our own heads, imagining that we are the trees.In the poem “Night”, Blake describes many details of a night scene. People know very well what they can see at night, like stars or the moon. However, Blake sees more than just the moon itself; he sees the moon as a flower, smiling at us from up in the sky. So the moon is really compared to a flower and personified(拟人化) as a smiling person.8．What’s the purpose of writing Paragraph 1?A．To have an argument. B．To have a discussion.C．To give an introduction. D．To give a suggestion.9．Which picture best describes the underlined part in the poem “Who Has Seen the Wind”?A． B． C． D．10．________ sits and smiles on the night in the poem “Night”.A．The sun B．The star C．The bird D．The moon11．What do the two poems have in common?①Seeing natural scenes as humans.  ②Using imagination.③Praising the same natural scene.   ④Describing details of the scenes.⑤Creating images by hearing and touching.A．①③⑤ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①②⑤12．How does the writer present the text to us?A．By giving examples. B．By making comparisons.C．By using personifications. D．By asking questions.During the Second World War, Winston Churchill was the British Prime Minister. One day he had to go to the British Broadcasting Corporation (the BBC) to make an important speech to the nation.An hour before the time of this speech, he stopped a taxi in the street and asked the driver to take him to the BBC, but the taxi-driver, who did not recognize him, said he could not take him anywhere just then, because he wanted to go back to his home at the other end of London to hear Churchill make a speech on the radio. Churchill was so pleased when he heard this. Churchill answered that he gave the man a pound, which was worth quite a lot in those days.“All right, get in,” said the driver happily, opening the door of the taxi. “I’ll take you, and to hell with (让……见鬼去) Churchill and his speech!”13．During the second World War, Winston Churchill was the________.A．British Prime Minister B．American Prime MinisterC．Chinese Prime Minister D．French Prime Minister14．An hour before the time of this speech, he stopped a ________ in the street and asked the driver to take him to the ________.A．bus, VOA B．taxi, BBC C．taxi, VOA D．bus, BBC15．The taxi-driver wanted to go back to his home _________ of London to hear Churchill make a speech ________.A．at the other end; on the radioB．in the other end; in the radioC．on the other end; to the radioD．at the other end; in the radio16．What do you think of the driver?A．He cared for Churchill more than for his speech.B．He cared for Churchill’s speech more than for Churchill himself.C．He cared for Churchill and his speech more than for money.D．He cared for money most.17．Can you imagine Churchill’s expression after he heard the driver’s last word?A．Happy. B．Dumbfounded (目瞪口呆的).C．Surprised. D．Worried.根据下表信息，选择正确的答案。18．Thomas Edison is from _____.A．Canada B．Italy C．The USA D．China19．The _____ was born in 1770.A．musician B．nurse C．businessman D．scientist20．Business @ the Speed of Thought is the name of a ______.A．song B．book C．school D．film21．Florence Nightingale died in _______.A．1931 B．1827 C．1847 D．191022．Which of the following is true?A．Yao Ming is playing basketball in America.B．Beethoven made over 1000 inventions.C．Edison was born in 1820.D．Bill Gates worked in Microsoft in 1955.Guangzhou Xiangjiang Safari Park covers a ground space of 130 hectares (公顷). It’s in the biggest city in south China, Guangzhou, and it is the biggest animal park in Asia. It aims at “protecting wildlife, protecting natural resources”. The park has already received more than ten million tourists since it was opened in 1997. After that 6 lovely koalas from Australia lived here. It means the park has been regarded as a world-class animal park.In the park, there are 460 kinds of animals, and many of them are international endangered (濒危的) animals. The park is also famous as the heaven of animals. There are over 100 white tigers, white lions, white kangaroos, polar bears and so on. In Guangzhou Xiangjiang Safari Park, tourists can get back to natural environment and get close to animals. The natural environment attracts many activities to be held here. Inside the park, the theme (主题) of “protecting wildlife, protecting natural resources” can be seen here and there.23．Guangzhou Xiangjiang Safari Park is ________.A．the biggest world-class animal park in the worldB．the biggest animal theme park in the worldC．the biggest animal theme park in ChinaD．the biggest amusement park in Asia24．To build Guangzhou Xiangjiang Safari Park is to ________.A．protect wildlife and natural resources B．get more animalsC．be a world-class park D．attract more visitors25．How many tourists has the park already received since 1997?A．Ten million. B．One million. C．Ten thousand. D．A hundred million.26．Which of the statements is WRONG?A．There are 460 kinds of animals in the park.B．There are more than 400 white tigers on earth.C．In the park, there are many endangered animals.D．The theme of the park is to protect wildlife, and to protect natural resources.27．The best title of this article is ________.A．The Animals in the Park B．How to Protect Endangered AnimalsC．Tourists and Animals D．Guangzhou Xiangjiang Safari ParkYuan Longping, a great scientist, is the first person to develop a kind of hybrid rice(杂交水稻) which helps fight hunger in China. Food was a big problem in China in the past. This was because China had 22 percent of the world’s population, but only 7 percent of its farmland. In the 1960s, China suffered(遭受) serious hunger. Millions of people died because they had no food. As an agronomy(农学) teacher, Yuan was very sad to see this. “How can I help them have enough food?” he thought. He decided to work on a kind of hybrid rice. It has a high output(产量).At that time, other scientists didn’t think hybrid rice was worth studying. But Yuan and his team worked on it every day. They took very good care of their rice seeds. At last, in 1973, they grew a new kind of hybrid rice. This rice is strong. Farmers can grow it in many different kinds of farmland and also in bad weather. It can also fight disease. Its output was much greater than common kinds of rice. With the new kind, about 70, 000, 000 people could have food every year!Yuan solved the food problem in China. But he is still working on rice. Before he retires, he hopes to grow rice in the sea!28．Food was a big problem in China in the past because ______.A．farmers didn’t grow riceB．farmers didn’t have rice seedsC．China had no money to buy plenty of foodD．China had a large population but a little farmland29．Yuan Longping ______ to help people have enough food.A．discovered another kind of foodB．borrowed enough food from other countriesC．developed a kind of hybrid rice with his teamD．started being an agronomy teacher to study rice30．Yuan Longping wishes to______ before he retires.A．grow rice in the sea B．have a good restC．keep several pet cats D．help people in Africa31．This passage mainly talks about ______.A．the new kind of hybrid rice is worth studyingB．the new kind of hybrid rice was invented in ChinaC．Yuan Longping grew the new kind of hybrid rice for many yearsD．Yuan Longping has played an important role in solving China’s food problem阅读下面A、B、C、D四篇短文，根据短文内容，从下列各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。32．Which is the driest desert in the world? __________A．The Antarctica Desert.B．The Sahara Desert.C．The Arabian Desert.D．The Mojave Desert.33．What is the Sahara? __________A．It is the hottest desert in the world.B．It is the largest desert in the world.C．It is the coldest desert in the world.D．It is the driest desert on the North American continent.34．What color is the sand in the Arabian Desert? __________A．Red. B．Orange. C．Red-orange. D．Red-yellow.Confucius (551-479 BC), one of the most important Chinese philosophers (哲学家), lived during the Spring and Auturmn Period (770-476 BC). After all these years, his influence is still strong in modern times. Unlike the abstract philosophy of Laozi, Confucian ideas about right and wrong are easy to understand and apply to daily life. “It’s all about the everyday. It’s all about family,” Roger Ames, a Confucius expert at Peking University, told China Daily. For example, many Chinese learn at an early age to “be filial to parents and respectful to brothers” (入则孝，出则悌). Confucius believed that if everyone knows how to love their families, they will know how to love others, love their country, and love the world. “Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you” is the favorite Confucius doctrine (信条) of Guo Jiulin, a professor at Dalian Minzu University. “It reminds me that if a person wants to fulfill (实现) his social ambitions (抱负), he must first be strict with himself in words and deeds,” he told China Daily.Another important Confucian idea is he, or harmony (和谐). Sun Yiting, a student from Zhejiang University, values it. “It reminds me to calm down when I get angry,” she said. “It reminds me to put myself in others’ shoes. This way of thinking makes my life much happier.”  Confucian ideas can even be applied to today’s global problems, according to Ames.“Confucius believed that the only way I can take my stand is by helping other people take theirs (己欲立而立人，己欲达而达人). If my neighbor does better, I do better. That’s the Confucian wisdom. This is really needed in the world today,” said Ames.35．According to Confucius, ________ is of special importance.A．the harmony of human and nature B．love for the country C．family36．What does the underlined “This” in the last paragraph refer to?A．The understanding between people.B．The spirit of helping one another.C．The wisdom of being respectful to brothers.37．What can you infer from the passage?A．People may find it difficult to understand the philosophy of Laozi.B．Guo Jiulin believes that those who are strict with themselves will never fail.C．Sun Yiting values “he” a lot because she used to get angry easily.38．Tom is a primary school student who can’t get on well with his family. Which of the following is the most helpful for him?A．“Be filial to parents and respectful to brothers.”B．“Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you.”C．“The only way I can take my stand is by helping other people take theirs.”39．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing this article?A．To introduce the life of Confucius.B．To describe how Confucian ideas became popular in modern China.C．To explain why Confucian wisdom still plays an important role.At the age of 16, Einstein always played with a group of mischievous (顽皮捣蛋的) kids. Because he was so busy playing, he didn’t study enough and failed his final exam.One morning, when Einstein was holding a fishing rod (钓鱼竿) and was about to go fishing with his friends, his father stopped him and said calmly, “Einstein, you spent so much time playing that you failed your exam. I’m worried about your future.”“What are you worried about? Jack and Robert also failed, but don’t they still get to go fishing?”“My boy, you can’t think like that,” his dad said. “There is a fable (寓言) that people tell in our hometown. I will tell it to you now.”“There were two cats playing on top of a house. One cat got caught off guard (措手不及) and fell down the chimney (烟囱) while holding the other cat. When the two cats climbed out of the chimney, one of the cats had soot (烟灰) on his face, while the other cat’s face was clean. Seeing the dirty cat, the clean cat thought its own face must be dirty, so it quickly ran to the river and washed its face. The dirty cat saw the clean cat and thought its own face was also clean, so it just swaggered down the street.“Einstein, no one can be your mirror (镜子). You have to think for yourself. If you just do what everyone else does, you will never learn.”Hearing this, Einstein put down his fishing rod and returned to his room. He decided to pay more attention to his studies and less attention to what his friends were doing. This allowed him to be successful.40．What was Einstein’s main problem, according to his father?A．He was not good at maths. B．He didn’t play often enough.C．He played with mischievous kids. D．He didn’t take his final exam.41．What do we know from the fable?A．The dirty cat fell into the chimney first. B．The dirty cat washed its face clean.C．The clean cat didn’t wash its face. D．Both cats made the wrong decision.42．What does the underlined word “swaggered” mean?A．Ran very quickly. B．Walked in a proud and confident way.C．Felt foolish. D．Laughed loudly.43．What lesson did Einstein learn from his father?A．Friends are like a mirror of ourselves. B．The wise are one step away from being the fool.C．Don’t make a decision according to others. D．There are no easy ways to success.44．How did Einstein feel at the end of the story?A．Angry about what his father said. B．Sorry about what he did.C．Excited about fishing again. D．Disappointed by the fable.CountryWhat you need to knowLanguagesWhat you need to doPapua New GuineaIt is the largest one of the Pacific Island countries. Both the mainland and its islands are perfect for deep sea diving(潜水).English &Tok PisinGo deep sea diving in the Solomon Sea.Kingdom of TongaTonga is ahead of the rest of the world; it’s the first country in the world to start a new day.English & TonganVisit the Royal Palace of Tonga.The Republic of VanuatuIt sits between Hawaii and Australia. In Vanuatu, you’ll find the world’s only underwater post office in the capital, Port Villa.English, French & BislamaSend a postcard from the underwater post office.FijiFiji is one of the world’s best-known places for your holiday. The island’s blue sea, white-sand beaches and the forests are well worth seeing.Fijian & EnglishGo diving on Mana Island.Who Has Seen the Wind?by Christina Georgina RossettiWho has seen the wind?Neither I nor you;But when the leaves hang tremblingThe wind is passing through.Who has seen the wind?Neither you nor I;But when the trees bow down their headsThe wind is passing by. Nightby BlakeThe sun descending in the west,The evening star does shine;The birds are silent in their nest,And I must seek for mine,The moon, like a flower,In heaven’s high flowerWith silent delightSits and smiles on the night.NamePersonal InformationLudwig von BeethovenBorn in 1770 in GermanyA musicianDied in 1827Florence NightingaleBorn in Italy on May 12th,1820An English nurseDied in 1910Bill GatesBorn in 1955 in the USAWrote Business @ the Speed of ThoughtOwns MicrosoftThomas EdisonBorn of September 12th, 1847 in the USAInvented over 1000 inventionsDied in 1931Yao MingBorn of September 12th, 1980 in Shanghai, ChinaA basketball PlayerPlaying in the Houston Rockets. USA．Antarctica Desert    Antarctica is a continent (大陆) of ice. There is hardly any rain in Antarctica, so the Antarctic Desert becomes the driest desert in the world. It is also the world’s largest desert by area.Sahara Desert    The Sahara Desert is the hottest of all the deserts on the earth. It covers most parts of North Africa and is similar in size to the land area of the USA．The word “sahara” in Arabic mean s “desert”.Arabian Desert    The Arabian Desert is in Asia on the Arabian peninsula. It covers almost the entire Arabian Peninsula. The sand here has a red-orange color and the surface of the Arabian Desert is covered mainly by sand hills, some gravel plains (砾石平原) and rocky plains.Mojave Desert    The Mojave Desert is in the USA．It is the driest desert on the North American continent. Death Valley, one of the hottest areas in the world, is in the Mojave Desert. Mojave comes from the Spanish word for “beside the water”.参考答案：1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C【导语】环游世界是许多爱冒险的人士的梦想，文章讲述了Laura Cody和Tanbay Theune夫妇以及摄影师Rhiannon Taylor分别用各自的方式实现环游世界的梦想的故事。1．推理判断题。根据本文最后一句“More and more young people are thinking creatively to make their dreams come true.”可知，年轻人用具有创意的想法来实现梦想，即实现旅行梦想的方式是具有创意性的。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据“They look after pets for rich house owners. In exchange, they can stay in the houses for free.”可知，这对夫妇用给富人照顾宠物的方式来支付旅行费用。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据“She shares the places she stays and the food she eats on the Internet”可知，Taylor把她的照片分享到网上。故选A。4．词句猜测题。根据“have given them food, wine and day trips.”可知，房主给了他们食物，酒，带他们旅行，由此判断房主很慷慨大方，因此generous表示“慷慨的”。故选C。5．B 6．A 7．D【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了太平洋岛国——巴布新几内亚、汤加王国、瓦努阿图共和国以及斐济的特点、语言和去旅游时可做的事情。5．细节理解题。根据表格中对“Kingdom of Tonga”的介绍“Tonga is ahead of the rest of the world: it’s the first country in the world to start a new day.”可知，汤加王国是世界上第一个开始新一天的国家。故选B。6．细节理解题。根据表格中对“Fiji”这个国家的介绍“Fiji is one of the world’s best-known places for your holiday. The island’s blue sea, white-sand beaches and the forests are well worth seeing.”可知，这是世界上著名的度假胜地之一，岛上蓝色的大海、白色的沙滩和森林，都值得一看。故选A。7．细节理解题。根据表格第三列“Languages”的介绍可知，这四个国家都说英语，故选D。8．C 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．A【导语】本文以两则诗歌为例，介绍了诗人如何将自然景色及内心的情感通过诗歌表达出来。8．段落大意题。第一段为总起段落，讲述了诗人描述自然景色和表达内心情感的方式。故选C。9．推理判断题。根据诗中的“When the leaves hang trembling”可知，该句是描写树叶在大风中摇曳的场景。故选B。10．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“he sees the moon as a flower, smiling at us from up in the sky”可知诗人用拟人化的手法描写天上的月亮。故选D。11．推理判断题。由短文可知，第一首诗是描写风；第二首诗是描写夜晚，两首诗并不是描写同一种景色，故可排除③；Creating images by hearing and touching意为“通过听觉和触觉创造形象”，诗歌Who Has Seen the Wind和Night中没有提到触觉，故可排除⑤。故选C。12．推理判断题。作者在第一段中提出自然景色经常会成为诗歌的主题，随后用两首诗歌进行示例分析。可知作者是通过举例子的方式来写作的。故选A。13．A 14．B 15．A 16．D 17．B【导语】本文讲述了二次世界大战期间英国首相丘吉尔的一个故事。13．细节理解题。根据“During the Second World War, Winston Churchill was the British Prime Minister.”可知，二战期间，丘吉尔是英国的总理。故选A。14．细节理解题。根据“An hour before the time of this speech, he stopped a taxi in the street and asked the driver to take him to the BBC”可知，在这次演讲前一小时，他在街上拦下了一辆出租车，让司机带他去BBC。故选B。15．细节理解题。根据“... he wanted to go back to his home at the other end of London to hear Churchill make a speech on the radio.”可知，出租车司机要回伦敦另一端的家中，听丘吉尔在广播中发表演讲。故选A。16．推理判断题。根据“Churchill answered that he gave the man a pound, which was worth quite a lot in those days.”和“I’ll take you, and to hell with (让……见鬼去) Churchill and his speech!”可知，司机听到对方愿意给他一英镑，他立即就放弃回家听丘吉尔的演讲；由此推知司机最关心的是钱。故选D。17．推理判断题。根据“I’ll take you, and to hell with (让……见鬼去) Churchill and his speech!”及司机态度转变，推知丘吉尔听到这番话是目瞪口呆的。故选B。18．C 19．B 20．B 21．D 22．A【导语】本文介绍了几位名人的出生年月及出生地。18．细节理解题。根据“Born of September 12th,1847 in the USA”可知，托马斯·爱迪生来自美国。故选C。19．细节理解题。根据“Born in 1770 in Germany”可知，这位护士出生于1770年。故选B。20．细节理解题。根据“Wrote Business @ the Speed of Thought”可知，《商业与速度》是一本书的名字。故选B。21．细节理解题。根据“Florence Nightingale：Died in 1910”可知，弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔于1910年去世。故选D。22．细节理解题。根据“Yao Ming：Playing in the Houston Rockets. USA.”可知，姚明正在美国打篮球。故选A。23．C 24．A 25．A 26．B 27．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了广州香江野生动物园地理位置、面积、建园目的以及园内的动物概况。23．细节理解题。根据“Guangzhou Xiangjiang Safari Park covers a ground space of 130 hectares (公顷). It’s in the biggest city in south China, Guangzhou, and it is the biggest animal park in Asia.”可知，广州香江野生动物园是中国最大的动物主题公园。故选C。24．细节理解题。根据“It aims at ‘protecting wildlife, protecting natural resources’.”可知，建立广州香江野生动物园是为了保护野生动物和自然资源。故选A。25．细节理解题。根据“The park has already received more than ten million tourists since it was opened in 1997. ”可知，自1997年以来，这个公园已经接待了超过1000万名游客。故选A。26．推理判断题。根据“There are over 100 white tigers, white lions, white kangaroos, polar bears and so on. ”可知，选项B“地球上有400多只白虎。”的说法是错误的。故选B。27．最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了广州香江野生动物园地理位置、面积、建园目的以及园内的动物概况，因此D项“广州香江野生动物园”最适合作为本文的标题。故选D。28．D 29．C 30．A 31．D【导语】本文主要介绍了袁隆平研究出来的杂交水稻，在解决中国粮食问题上所发挥的重要作用。28．细节理解题。根据“Food was a big problem in China in the past. This was because China had 22 percent of the world’s population, but only 7 percent of its farmland.”可知在过去，中国的粮食是个大问题，因为中国人口多，耕地少。故选D。29．细节理解题。根据“He decided to work on a kind of hybrid rice. It has a high output(产量).”可知袁隆平和他的团队培育了一种杂交水稻，以帮助人们获得足够的食物。故选C。30．细节理解题。根据“Before he retires, he hopes to grow rice in the sea!”可知袁隆平希望在退休前在海里种水稻。故选A。31．主旨大意题。根据“Yuan Longping, a great scientist, is the first person to develop a kind of hybrid rice(杂交水稻) which helps fight hunger in China.”可知本文主要介绍了袁隆平研究出来的杂交水稻，在解决中国粮食问题上所发挥的重要作用。故选D。32．A 33．A 34．C【导语】本文主要介绍了几个沙漠。32．细节理解题。根据“so the Antarctic Desert becomes the driest desert in the world”可知南极沙漠成为世界上最干燥的沙漠。故选A。33．细节理解题。根据“The Sahara Desert is the hottest of all the deserts on the earth”可知撒哈拉沙漠是地球上最热的沙漠。故选A。34．细节理解题。根据“The sand here has a red-orange color”可知这里的沙子呈橙红色。故选C。35．A 36．B 37．A 38．A 39．C【导语】本文介绍了孔子以及儒家思想。35．细节理解题。根据“Another important Confucian idea is he, or harmony (和谐).”可知，在孔子看来，人与自然的和谐是特别重要的。故选A。36．词义猜测题。根据““Confucius believed that the only way I can take my stand is by helping other people take theirs (己欲立而立人，己欲达而达人). If my neighbor does better, I do better. That’s the Confucian wisdom. This is really needed in the world today,” said Ames.”可知，this指的是互相帮助的精神。故选B。37．推理判断题。根据“Unlike the abstract philosophy of Laozi, Confucian ideas about right and wrong are easy to understand and apply to daily life.”可以推知，人们可能会发现很难理解老子的哲学。故选A。38．细节理解题。根据“For example, many Chinese learn at an early age to “be filial to parents and respectful to brothers” (入则孝，出则悌).”结合题干中的“Tom is a primary school student who can’t get on well with his family.”可知，选项A“入则孝，出则悌”可以帮助到Tom。故选A。39．主旨大意题。根据“After all these years, his influence is still strong in modern times.”及全文内容可知，本文的写作目的是解释为什么儒家智慧仍然发挥着重要作用。故选C。40．C 41．D 42．B 43．C 44．B【导语】本文讲述了青少年时期的爱因斯坦由于总和一群顽皮捣蛋的孩子在一起玩耍，导致考试不及格。他的父亲给他讲了一个有关两只小猫的寓言故事，最终他明白了一个道理：不要看别人做什么自己就做什么，要懂得分辨。40．细节理解题。根据“At the age of 16, Einstein always played with a group of mischievous (顽皮捣蛋的) kids. ”可知，青少年时期的爱因斯坦总是和一群顽皮捣蛋的孩子在一起玩耍，这使他学习不够努力最终导致考试不及格的原因。故选C。41．细节理解题。根据“Seeing the dirty cat, the clean cat thought its own face must be dirty, so it quickly ran to the river and washed its face. The dirty cat saw the clean cat and thought its own face was also clean, so it just swaggered down the street.”可知，干净的猫由于看到脏猫，所以去洗了脸。而脏猫看到干净的猫并不觉得自己脸上有灰，于是大摇大摆地上街了，两只猫都做了错误的选择。故选D。42．词句猜测题。根据“The dirty cat saw the clean cat and thought its own face was also clean, so it just swaggered down the street.”可知，脏猫看到干净的猫并不觉得自己脸上有灰，于是大摇大摆地上街了。动词“swaggered”体现了脏猫未发现自己脸上有灰时的自信。故选B。43．细节理解题。根据“You have to think for yourself. If you just do what everyone else does, you will never learn.”可知，父亲的寓言故事告诉孩子一个道理，即人要有自己思考的意识，如果一味地效仿他人，将一事无成。故选C。44．推理判断题。根据“He decided to pay more attention to his studies and less attention to what his friends were doing.”可知，爱因斯坦决定多注意他的学习，少注意他的朋友们在做什么，可推知他对自己所做的一切感到抱歉，故选B。