广东省深圳市龙岗区2024-2025学年高三上学期期末质量监测英语试题（解析版）

这是一份广东省深圳市龙岗区2024-2025学年高三上学期期末质量监测英语试题（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Biggest Week in American Birding is a bird-watching festival held frm May 2 t May 11 in nrthwest Ohi. Absrb yurself in spring sngbird migratin and experience sme f the best birding Nrth America has t ffer.
Activity Highlights:
Abut Registratin:
·Many free activities dn’t require registratin, but paid trips, wrkshps, and presentatins d.
·Additinal registratin benefits include free birding trips and lcal shp discunts.
·Registratin fee is $10; 50% ff fr ages 9-18, and free fr kids 8 and under.
·Register as sn as pssible t guarantee yur spts in specific paid activities!
1. When can a first-time birder get sme birding guidance?
A. On Saturdays, 7:00 p. m. t 9:00 p. m.B. On Sundays, 10:00 a. m. t 12:00 p. m.
C. On Fridays, 4:00 p. m. t 5:00 p. m. D. On Saturdays, 8:00 a. m. t 12:00 p. m.
2. What’s the ttal cst fr an 11-year-ld t learn t create bird art?
A. $50.B. $45.C. $30.D. $25.
3. What is an advantage f early registratin?
A. It prvides gifts at lcal shps. B. It ffers discunted birding trips.
C. It saves mney fr grup participants.D. It secures access t certain activities.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D
【语篇解读】本文是应用文。介绍了“美国观鸟周”这一观鸟节日，详细介绍了该节日的时间、地点、各项活动的内容、时间、费用以及注册相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Beginning Birder Field Trips下的“Specially designed fr newcmers t birding, these trips ffer a guided experience in bird identificatin and the use f birding equipment.(这些旅行专为观鸟新手设计，提供鸟类识别和观鸟设备使用的指导经验)”以及“Date: Sundays, May 4 and May 11(日期：周日、5月4日和5月11日)”和“Time: 10:00 a. m. t 12:00 p. m.(时间：上午十时至下午十二时)”可知，第一次观鸟者可以在周日上午10点到中午12点期间获得指导。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bird Art Basics Wrkshps下的“Fee: $40(费用:$ 40)”以及Abut Registratin:下的“Registratin fee is $10; 50% ff fr ages 9-18, and free fr kids 8 and under.(注册费为10美元，9-18岁半价，8岁及以下儿童免费)”可知，11岁的孩子需要缴纳半价的注册费 $5，鸟艺术工作坊费用为 $40，总费用为 $40 + $5 = $45。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Abut Registratin:下的“Register as sn as pssible t guarantee yur spts in specific paid activities!(尽快注册，以确保您在特定付费活动中的位置！)”可知，提前注册的优势是可以确保在某些特定的收费活动中有名额。故选D。
B
What’s the cure fr a brken heart? What abut fr sadness, anxiety r lneliness? Fr thse visiting the Petry Pharmacy (药店) — custmers r patients, depending n hw yu see them — these are the questins n their minds. This bkshp n Oxfrd Street ffers special medicine t thse srts f emtinal wunds. Calm, cmfrt, inspiratin: whatever yu’ re searching fr, there’s a bk f petry t help yu find it.
Frm philsphical pems t rmantic nes, petry has lng had the pwer t speak t the deepest parts f ur sul. When ther literary frms fail, it’s ften petry that has the answer, says Petry Pharmacy funder Deb Alma. “At weddings and funerals (葬礼), it’s a pem that’s read,” she pints ut. “It’s the art that peple in states f intense emtin turn t.”
With its expansive library f brightly clured bks, the pharmacy is every petry fan’s dream. Alma knws that petry alne wn’t cure anyne f life’s greatest pain. Instead, this stre serves as a representatin f the idea that wrds cure all. The centrepiece is a rich red-brwn cupbard cntaining small glass bttles labeled with varius emtins: “lve”, “bst” and “pride”. Sme are mre playful. There are pills fr “hesitatin” and “existential anxiety”, while a glass bttle at p reads: “Calm: Keep ut f reach f children.”
It’s artistically pleasing jkes like these that have made this stre a huge hit n scial media. In the tw mnths since its pening, the place has been cnsistently lively, with custmers drpping in t buy gifts, sitting with a cffee frm the pharmacy t read and reflect, and many dcumenting the experience fr scial media.
When asked why s many yung peple are interested in petry again, Alma said, “In the absence f faith, we are all searching fr meaning, fr a deeper bnd with each ther.” The Petry Pharmacy ffers that. Peple sit dwn fr a cffee and end up reading the pems attached t the tables, cvering the walls, alud. Fr thse lacking clseness in their lives, the pems, like the pharmacy, prvide “even in a small way, a little cmmunity”.
4. What d we knw abut custmers entering the Petry Pharmacy?
A. They suffer frm emtinal pain.B. They are fnd f reading bks.
C. They are gd at creating pems.D. They search fr clinical treatment.
5. Why des Deb Alma mentin weddings and funerals in paragraph 2?
A. T argue the imprtance f art. B. T stress the significance f petry.
C. T illustrate the necessity f literature.D. T prmte the reputatin f the shp.
6. What makes Petry Pharmacy ppular n scial media?
A. Well-arranged cupbards. B. Carefully-selected bks.
C. A balance between life and leisure.D. A cmbinatin f wisdm and humr.
7. What des Alma think f yung peple’s enthusiasm in petry?
A. It causes their lack f spiritual faith.
B. It shws their urge t fllw the crwd.
C. It builds meaningful cnnectins amng them.
D. It reflects their taste f literary appreciatin.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。介绍了“诗歌药店”这一特色书店，探讨了诗歌在治愈人心、提供情感慰藉方面的作用。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“What’s the cure fr a brken heart? What abut fr sadness, anxiety r lneliness? Fr thse visiting the Petry Pharmacy (药店) — custmers r patients, depending n hw yu see them — these are the questins n their minds.(治疗心碎的方法是什么？那悲伤、焦虑或孤独呢？对于那些造访“诗歌药店”的人来说——你可以把他们当作顾客，也可以当作病人，这取决于你的看法——这些问题一直萦绕在他们的心头)”可知，进入诗歌药店的顾客都遭受情感上的痛苦。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Frm philsphical pems t rmantic nes, petry has lng had the pwer t speak t the deepest parts f ur sul. When ther literary frms fail, it’s ften petry that has the answer, says Petry Pharmacy funder Deb Alma. “At weddings and funerals (葬礼), it’s a pem that’s read,” she pints ut. “It’s the art that peple in states f intense emtin turn t.”(从哲理性的诗歌到浪漫的诗歌，诗歌长久以来一直有着触动我们灵魂深处的力量。诗歌药店的创始人黛布·阿尔玛说，当其他文学形式失效时，往往是诗歌给出了答案。“在婚礼和葬礼上，人们会朗诵诗歌，”她指出，“在情感强烈的时候，人们会转向这种艺术形式。”)”可知，在本段提到婚礼和葬礼是为了强调诗歌的重要性，在重要的场合都可以使用。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It’s artistically pleasing jkes like these that have made this stre a huge hit n scial media.(正是像这些艺术上令人愉悦的笑话使得这家商店在社交媒体上大受欢迎)”可知，智慧与幽默的结合让诗歌药房在社交媒体上如此受欢迎。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“When asked why s many yung peple are interested in petry again, Alma said, “In the absence f faith, we are all searching fr meaning, fr a deeper bnd with each ther.” The Petry Pharmacy ffers that. Peple sit dwn fr a cffee and end up reading the pems attached t the tables, cvering the walls, alud. Fr thse lacking clseness in their lives, the pems, like the pharmacy, prvide “even in a small way, a little cmmunity”.(当被问及为什么这么多年轻人再次对诗歌产生兴趣时，Alma说：“在缺乏信仰的情况下，我们都在寻找意义，寻找彼此之间更深的联系。”“诗歌药店”就提供了这样的机会。人们坐下来喝杯咖啡，最后大声朗读贴在桌子上、挂在墙上的诗歌。对于那些生活中缺乏亲密感的人来说，这些诗歌就像药店一样，提供了“哪怕只是一点点的社群感”)”可知，Alma认为诗歌在年轻人之间激发了情感上的联系和共鸣。故选C项。
C
Frightening as mnsters are, they have always fascinated us. Frm strange cmbinatins f animals t magical beings, creatures have emerged frm ur imaginatins thrughut histry. Tday, they still frequent ur cinema screens. Cnsidering hw scared we can be f mnsters, it seems paradxical that we keep making them. In fact, there is science behind ur lve f mnsters.
Mnsters are imaginary creatures that cme frm ur lng histry f living alngside predatrs (捕食者). Snakes, fr example, were amng ur ancestrs’ first deadly threats, causing them t evlve snake-respnsive neurns (神经元) in their brains. This adaptatin allwed them t detect snakes with just a quick lk. This hardware prduced the snake-like mnsters, including dragns, that appear in almst all cultures. That is why we get a thrill seeing snake mnsters n the screen.
Similarly, ur ancestrs’ minds were shaped by the need t detect bears, lins and ther larger predatrs in tugh envirnments. We evlved t spt predatrs in the dark between tree trunks r in shadwy crners. With their lng teeth and giant claws, these animals have seized ur imaginatins, appearing in cave paintings ver thusands f years.
There are psychlgical benefits t being frightened by mnsters. Scary stries with terrifying creatures activate the amygdala, the brain’s fear center, kicking ff the fight-r-flight respnse and releasing adrenaline (肾上腺素). With the stry ending in safety, adrenaline levels drp, bringing chemicals that fuel the feeling f relaxatin. Such cntrlled fear experience might help us t manage lng-term stress r increase ur pain tlerance. As a result, sme peple with anxiety enjy watching hrrr films befre bed.
The mnsters we create tday fr films and bks reflect ur deepest fears — whether it’s Gdzilla threatening civilisatin, r aliens grwing within us. Mnster media allws us t externalise anxieties int supernatural beings. By understanding ur mnsters and why we make them, we can learn a great deal abut what is ging n under the surface f ur minds.
8. What des the underlined wrd “paradxical” mean in paragraph 1?
A. Reasnable.B. Predictable.C. Cntradictry.D. Prblematic.
9. What is the purpse f paragraphs 2 and 3?
A. T hnur the wisdm f ur ancestrs.B. T demnstrate the rigin f mnsters.
C. T cmpare different deadly creatures.D. T intrduce cmmn animals in artwrks.
10. Hw des watching hrrr films benefit peple with anxiety?
A. It reduces the brain’s sensitivity t fear. B. It helps peple frget anxius experiences.
C. It teaches safety lessns in extreme danger.D. It stimulates the bdy’s relaxatin system.
11. What is the authr’s attitude twards ur lve f mnsters?
A. Favurable. B. Uncertain.C. Ambiguus.D. Skeptical.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要解释了人类为何对怪物既感到害怕又被其吸引的现象，从人类历史、心理机制等方面进行了阐述，说明了怪物在人类文化和心理中的重要作用。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文“Cnsidering hw scared we can be f mnsters(考虑到我们对怪物有多害怕)”以及后文“we keep making them(我们一直制造怪物)”可知，我们害怕怪物，但是又一直在制造怪物，看起来是矛盾的，推知paradxical为“矛盾的”之意，和C项意思相近。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Mnsters are imaginary creatures that cme frm ur lng histry f living alngside predatrs (捕食者). Snakes, fr example, were amng ur ancestrs’ first deadly threats, causing them t evlve snake-respnsive neurns (神经元) in their brains. This adaptatin allwed them t detect snakes with just a quick lk. This hardware prduced the snake-like mnsters, including dragns, that appear in almst all cultures. That is why we get a thrill seeing snake mnsters n the screen.(怪物是我们与食肉动物长期共存的历史中想象出来的生物。例如，蛇是我们祖先最早的致命威胁之一，导致他们在大脑中进化出对蛇敏感的神经元。这种适应使它们只需快速看一眼就能发现蛇。这种硬件产生了像蛇一样的怪物，包括龙，几乎在所有文化中都出现过。这就是为什么我们在屏幕上看到蛇怪会感到兴奋)”以及第三段“Similarly, ur ancestrs’ minds were shaped by the need t detect bears, lins and ther larger predatrs in tugh envirnments. We evlved t spt predatrs in the dark between tree trunks r in shadwy crners. With their lng teeth and giant claws, these animals have seized ur imaginatins, appearing in cave paintings ver thusands f years.(同样，我们祖先的思维也被在恶劣环境中发现熊、狮子和其他大型捕食者的需要所塑造。我们进化到能够在黑暗的树干间或阴暗的角落里发现捕食者。这些动物有着长长的牙齿和巨大的爪子，它们在几千年前的洞穴壁画中出现，抓住了我们的想象力)”可知，这两段从蛇和大型捕食者的角度解释了怪物的起源，指出它们是基于我们祖先与捕食者共存的历史经验演化得来，目的是说明怪物的起源。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“There are psychlgical benefits t being frightened by mnsters. Scary stries with terrifying creatures activate the amygdala, the brain’s fear center, kicking ff the fight-r-flight respnse and releasing adrenaline (肾上腺素). With the stry ending in safety, adrenaline levels drp, bringing chemicals that fuel the feeling f relaxatin. Such cntrlled fear experience might help us t manage lng-term stress r increase ur pain tlerance. As a result, sme peple with anxiety enjy watching hrrr films befre bed.(被怪物吓到有心理上的好处。关于恐怖生物的恐怖故事会激活杏仁核，即大脑的恐惧中心，引发“战或逃”反应，并释放肾上腺素。随着故事在安全的情况下结束，肾上腺素水平下降，产生了促进放松感的化学物质。这种可控的恐惧体验可能有助于我们管理长期压力或提高我们的疼痛耐受力。因此，一些焦虑的人喜欢在睡觉前看恐怖电影)”可知，观看恐怖电影可以刺激肾上腺素分泌，最终通过化学机制让人感到放松，因此恐怖电影帮助激活身体的放松系统。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Such cntrlled fear experience might help us t manage lng-term stress r increase ur pain tlerance.(这种可控的恐惧体验可能有助于我们管理长期压力或提高我们的疼痛耐受力)”以及最后一段“The mnsters we create tday fr films and bks reflect ur deepest fears — whether it’s Gdzilla threatening civilisatin, r aliens grwing within us. Mnster media allws us t externalise anxieties int supernatural beings. By understanding ur mnsters and why we make them, we can learn a great deal abut what is ging n under the surface f ur minds.(我们今天为电影和书籍创造的怪物反映了我们最深的恐惧——无论是威胁文明的哥斯拉，还是在我们体内生长的外星人。怪物媒体让我们把焦虑外化到超自然生物身上。通过了解我们的怪物以及我们为什么制造它们，我们可以学到很多关于我们思想表面下发生的事情)”可知，作者认为对怪物的喜爱能有助于我们管理长期压力或提高我们的疼痛耐受力，以及学到很多关于我们思想表面下发生的事情，所以应是支持的态度。故选A项。
D
Technlgy with rts ging back t the Brnze Age may ffer a fast and inexpensive slutin t help achieve the United Natins climate gal f net zer emissins by 2050.
The technlgy invlves arranging heat-absrbing firebricks in an insulated (隔热的) cntainer, where they stre heat generated by slar r wind pwer fr later use and maintain it at the high temperatures required fr industrial prcesses. When needed, the heat can be released by passing air thrugh channels in the layers f the bricks, thus allwing steel, glass, and paper factries t run n renewable energy even when wind and sunlight are unavailable. The bricks are made frm the same materials as the insulating bricks used thusands f years ag.
Tday, abut 17% f all carbn dixide emissins (排放) wrldwide cme frm burning fssil fuels t prduce heat fr industrial prcesses. Generating industrial heat frm renewable surces culd all but remve these emissins. “By string energy in the frm clsest t its end use, yu reduce inefficiencies in energy transitin,” said the researchers. “It’s said in ur field that’ if yu want ht shwers, stre ht water’; s this study can be summarized as ‘if yu need heat fr industry, stre it in firebricks.’”
The researchers examined the impact f using firebricks t stre industrial prcess heat in149 cuntries by using cmputer mdels t assess csts, land requirements, health impacts, and emissins in tw situatins fr an assumed future where thse cuntries in 2050 are using renewables fr all energy purpses. In ne situatin, firebricks prvide 90% f industrial prcess heat. In the ther, there’s zer adptin f firebricks r ther heat energy strage fr industrial prcesses. The researchers fund firebricks enable a faster and lwer-cst transitin t renewables. Specifically, the situatin with firebricks culd cut capital csts by $1.27 trillin acrss the 149 cuntries relative t the situatin with n firebrick strage, while reducing demand fr energy frm the electricity supply.
“What excites us is that the substantial benefit at lw cst frm multiple angles, frm helping t reduce air pllutin related deaths t easing glbal transitin t clean renewables,” researchers cmmented.
12. What des paragraph 2 mainly talk abut cncerning the firebrick?
A. Its key cmpsitin.B. Its ptential limitatins.
C. Its wrking principle.D. Its histrical backgrund.
13. What can we learn abut the firebrick in paragraph 3?
A. It increases the use f fssil fuels. B. It helps t generate industrial heat.
C. It cntributes t energy sustainability.D. It stres energy in the frm f ht water.
14. Hw did the researchers arrive at their cnclusin in paragraph 4?
A. By making a cmparisn. B. By presenting a phenmenn.
C. By analyzing cause and effect.D. By building a cmputer mdel.
15. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Firebricks Are the Future f Industrial Technlgy
B. The Slar Pwer Helps Achieve Net Zer Emissins
C. Renewable Energy Dminates Industrial Prductin
D. Brnze Age Technlgy Culd Aid Clean Energy Shift
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. A 15. D
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章通过介绍一种利用火砖储存热能的技术，详细阐述了其工作原理、潜在应用以及对实现联合国2050年净零排放气候目标的可能贡献。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The technlgy invlves arranging heat-absrbing firebricks in an insulated (隔热的) cntainer, where they stre heat generated by slar r wind pwer fr later use and maintain it at the high temperatures required fr industrial prcesses. When needed, the heat can be released by passing air thrugh channels in the layers f the bricks, thus allwing steel, glass, and paper factries t run n renewable energy even when wind and sunlight are unavailable. The bricks are made frm the same materials as the insulating bricks used thusands f years ag.(这项技术包括将吸热耐火砖放置在一个隔热容器中，在容器中储存太阳能或风能产生的热量供以后使用，并将其保持在工业过程所需的高温下。当需要时，热量可以通过砖块层中的通道通过空气释放出来，这样即使在没有风和阳光的情况下，钢铁、玻璃和造纸厂也可以使用可再生能源。这些砖的材料与几千年前使用的隔热砖相同)”可知，本段主要讲述了防火砖的工作原理。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Tday, abut 17% f all carbn dixide emissins (排放) wrldwide cme frm burning fssil fuels t prduce heat fr industrial prcesses. Generating industrial heat frm renewable surces culd all but remve these emissins. “By string energy in the frm clsest t its end use, yu reduce inefficiencies in energy transitin,” said the researchers. “It’s said in ur field that’ if yu want ht shwers, stre ht water’; s this study can be summarized as ‘if yu need heat fr industry, stre it in firebricks.’”(今天，全世界大约17%的二氧化碳排放来自燃烧化石燃料为工业生产过程供热。利用可再生能源生产工业热几乎可以消除这些排放。研究人员说：“通过以最接近其最终用途的形式储存能量，你可以减少能源转换的低效率。”“在我们的领域里，有人说‘如果你想洗热水澡，就储存热水’；因此，这项研究可以总结为‘如果你需要工业供热，那就把它储存在耐火砖里。’”)”可知，本段提及防火砖能减少能量转换的低效情况，也能减少碳排放，可知其有助于能源可持续性发展。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The researchers examined the impact f using firebricks t stre industrial prcess heat in149 cuntries by using cmputer mdels t assess csts, land requirements, health impacts, and emissins in tw situatins fr an assumed future where thse cuntries in 2050 are using renewables fr all energy purpses. In ne situatin, firebricks prvide 90% f industrial prcess heat. In the ther, there’s zer adptin f firebricks r ther heat energy strage fr industrial prcesses. The researchers fund firebricks enable a faster and lwer-cst transitin t renewables. Specifically, the situatin with firebricks culd cut capital csts by $1.27 trillin acrss the 149 cuntries relative t the situatin with n firebrick strage, while reducing demand fr energy frm the electricity supply.(研究人员对149个国家使用耐火砖储存工业过程热量的影响进行了研究，他们使用计算机模型评估了成本、土地需求、健康影响和两种情况下的排放，假设这些国家在2050年所有能源目的都使用可再生能源。在一种情况下，耐火砖提供了90%的工业过程热量。另一方面，在工业过程中没有采用耐火砖或其他热能储存。研究人员发现耐火砖可以更快、更低成本地过渡到可再生能源。具体来说，与没有耐火砖储能相比，使用耐火砖储能可以在149个国家削减1.27万亿美元的资本成本，同时减少对电力供应的能源需求)”可知，研究人员通过计算有耐火砖和没用耐火砖之间的结果来得出结论，所以是通过比较。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Technlgy with rts ging back t the Brnze Age may ffer a fast and inexpensive slutin t help achieve the United Natins climate gal f net zer emissins by 2050.(可以追溯到青铜器时代的技术可能会提供一种快速而廉价的解决方案，帮助实现联合国2050年净零排放的气候目标)”以及纵观全文可知，文章主要围绕一种复古的技术“防火砖”如何帮助清洁能源发展这一主题展开，强调了这一技术对能源转型的重要作用，所以D项“青铜时代的技术有助于清洁能源的转变”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Praises benefit bth the giver and receiver, yet their impact is ften underestimated. ____16____ Hwever, research shws that bth giving and receiving praises significantly imprves emtinal well-being. With that in mind, we asked experts t share their favrite praises and why they matter.
Vanessa Bhns, a scial psychlgist at Crnell University, highlights her favrite “Yu handled that situatin s well.” She recalls using this praise when bserving a server manage a difficult custmer interactin. “It cmfrts the persn that his effrts didn’t g unnticed”, she explains. ____17____
Being specific turns a s-s praise int a great ne. Xuan Zha, a behaviral scientist at Stanfrd University, appreciates the praise “____18____”. This remark acknwledges smene’s effrt t develp ptential in thers. It’s particularly meaningful fr thse in leadership r teaching rles.
____19____ Bhns cnducted a research where cllege students apprached passers-by t praise them n items like their shirts. It shwed that participants underestimated hw gd these praises wuld make the receivers feel, while verestimating hw annying it wuld be t be apprached by a stranger. “Acrss all cntexts, it makes peple feel better than we expect,” Bhns states.
Zha’s favrite praise, “Yu make even rdinary mments feel extrardinary,” wrks well with family and friends. It beautifully highlights hw smene’s presence enriches everyday life. ____20____ Hwever, as lng as yu speak genuinely, bth yu and the receiver will leave the interactin feeling happier.
A. I’m grateful fr yur patience.
B. I lve the way yu bring ut the best in peple.
C. Praising strangers may be unexpectedly welcming.
D. Our praises fr passers-by shuld be carefully chsen.
E. As a result, we dn’t give praises as many as we shuld.
F. Meanwhile, it acknwledges he managed the tricky circumstance effectively.
G. Many fear giving praises due t wrries abut nt delivering them perfectly.
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. G
【语篇解读】本文是议论文。文章主要讨论了赞美的好处，包括给予赞美和接受赞美对双方情感福祉的积极影响，并通过专家分享他们最喜欢的赞美之语及其重要性来阐述这一观点。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Praises benefit bth the giver and receiver, yet their impact is ften underestimated.(赞美对给予者和接受者都有益，但其影响却常常被低估)”可知，前文说明赞扬的好处被低估，空处承上启下，E项“As a result, we dn’t give praises as many as we shuld.(因此，我们给予的赞美远少于应有的数量)”和前文构成因果关系，符合语境，并与后文“Hwever, research shws that bth giving and receiving praises significantly imprves emtinal well-being.(然而，研究表明，无论是给予还是接受赞美都能显著提升情感幸福感)”构成转折关系。故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Vanessa Bhns, a scial psychlgist at Crnell University, highlights her favrite “Yu handled that situatin s well.” She recalls using this praise when bserving a server manage a difficult custmer interactin. “It cmfrts the persn that his effrts didn’t g unnticed”, she explains.(康奈尔大学的社会心理学家Vanessa Bhns强调了她最喜欢的一句话：“你把那个情况处理得很好。”她回忆说，在观察一位服务员处理困难的客户互动时，她使用了这种赞美。她解释说：“他的努力没有被忽视，这让人感到安慰。”)”可知，此处是在讲述“你把那个情况处理得很好”这句赞美的好处，F项“Meanwhile, it acknwledges he managed the tricky circumstance effectively.(与此同时，它承认他有效地处理了棘手的情况)”回应了前文例子中服务员的情境，说明该赞美的具体价值，符合语境。故选F项。
【18题详解】
空处位于引号内，应是引用一句赞美的话，根据后文“This remark acknwledges smene’ s effrt t develp ptential in thers. It’s particularly meaningful fr thse in leadership r teaching rles.(这句话承认某人努力开发他人的潜力。这对那些担任领导或教师角色的人尤其有意义)”可知，空处应是和开发潜力有关的赞美，B项“I lve the way yu bring ut the best in peple.(我喜欢你激发人们最好的一面的方式)”是一个具体的表扬示例，符合此处主题。故选B项。
【19题详解】
空处位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“Bhns cnducted a research where cllege students apprached passers-by t praise them n items like their shirts. It shwed that participants underestimated hw gd these praises wuld make the receivers feel, while verestimating hw annying it wuld be t be apprached by a stranger. “Acrss all cntexts, it makes peple feel better than we expect,” Bhns states.(博恩斯进行了一项研究，让大学生走近路人，称赞他们的衬衫等物品。研究表明，参与者低估了这些赞美会让接受者感觉有多好，同时高估了被陌生人接近的烦人程度。“在所有情况下，这让人们感觉比我们预期的要好，”博恩斯说)”可知，本段说明Bhns的研究内容，空处应引出Bhns的研究，且与赞扬陌生人有关，C项“Praising strangers may be unexpectedly welcming.(赞美陌生人可能会出乎意料地受欢迎)”符合本段主题，为中心句。故选C项。
【20题详解】
根据后文“Hwever, as lng as yu speak genuinely, bth yu and the receiver will leave the interactin feeling happier.(然而，只要你说话真诚，你和接收者都会感到更快乐)”可知，后文强调真诚赞美带来的积极效果，空处应和本句构成转折关系，G项“Many fear giving praises due t wrries abut nt delivering them perfectly.(许多人害怕给予赞美，因为担心不能完美地表达出来)引出了只要真诚，赞美就能带来积极效果的主题，从而自然过渡到最后一句，符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I had a neighbr wh was a real “scre keeper.” She viewed every favr r act f kindness as smething that needed t be paid fr either in cash r in ____21____. Once when I ____22____ her yard and frgt t tell her, she fllwed me t my huse t pay me. I culd see that living this way, always having t keep scre, always having her life perfectly ____23____ caused her stress.
My parents grew up nt wanting t receive ____24____ either, but they ften helped thers thugh they were pr. Mm wuld make special fds t share and ____25____ vegetables grwn in ur garden, while Dad wuld ften help smene in need. And when they did s I always saw ____26____ in their smiles.
Then ne night ur ____27____ caught fire and burned t the grund. We all ____28____ but lst everything we wned, hmeless and ____29____. But the next day help arrived. The whle cmmunity brught us fd and clthes, fund us a ____30____ place t stay, and helped my Dad ____31____ a new hme fr us t live in. There was n way we culd ever ____32____ their kindness and lve. Yet, I sn saw that n ne ____33____ us t. Because in the faces f each persn wh helped us were thse same jyful smiles.
Speaking f lve, the ____34____ is the mre lve yu share, the mre lve yu have. The mre yu give, the mre yu ____35____. It desn’t balance ut. It just keeps grwing. Dn’t keep scre then. Just Lve.
21. A. passinB. kindnessC. beliefD. surprise
22. A. crssedB. damagedC. cleanedD. rented
23. A. balancedB. savedC. changedD. imprved
24. A. treatmentB. permissinC. cashD. charity
25. A. sell ffB. give awayC. thrw awayD. lk fr
26. A. jyB. curageC. tirednessD. disappintment
27. A. gardenB. hmeC. cmmunityD. schl
28. A. stayedB. criedC. waitedD. survived
29. A. bredB. ashamedC. hpelessD. wrthless
30. A. ppularB. prC. tempraryD. remte
31. A. ccupyB. financeC. replaceD. paint
32. A. remveB. regainC. repayD. renew
33. A. taughtB. permittedC. warnedD. expected
34. A. truthB. decisinC. prblemD. cncern
35. A. lseB. desireC. refuseD. receive
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者父母在自己并不富裕的情况下乐于助人，不求回报，在家庭发生意外后，社区的人们伸出援手，帮助作者一家重建家园的故事，由此作者感悟到：爱是无私的，是无法衡量的，尽管去爱吧。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她认为每一个帮助或善意的行为都是需要用现金或善意来支付的。A. passin激情；B. kindness善良；C. belief信念；D. surprise惊喜。根据前文“I had a neighbr wh was a real “scre keeper.” She viewed every favr r act f kindness as smething that needed t be paid fr either in cash”可知，邻居是个“记分员”，认为他人帮助你，你需要支付现金或者也帮助回去作为回报，也就是用善意支付善意。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我打扫了她的院子，忘了告诉她，她就跟着我到我家来付钱。A. crssed穿过；B. damaged损坏；C. cleaned清洁，打扫；D. rented租赁。根据后文“she fllwed me t my huse t pay me”可知，邻居要支付给作者现金，结合前文内容，应是作者对她做了善意的事，所以应是打扫了她的院子。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可以看出，这样的生活方式，总是要记分，总是让她的生活完美平衡，给她带来了压力。A. balanced平衡；B. saved拯救；C. changed改变；D. imprved改善。根据前文“always having t keep scre”以及后文“It desn’t balance ut. It just keeps grwing. Dn’t keep scre then. Just Lve.”可知，记分的目的是让她的生活完美平衡，但其实不是。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母在成长过程中也不想接受慈善，但他们经常帮助别人，尽管他们很穷。A. treatment治疗；B. permissin许可；C. cash现金；D. charity慈善。根据后文“either”可知，父母和邻居一样，不喜欢平白接受好意，也就是慈善。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：妈妈会做一些特别的食物和大家分享，还会把花园里种的蔬菜送人，而爸爸则经常帮助需要帮助的人。A. sell ff抛售；B. give away赠送；C. thrw away扔掉；D. lk fr寻找。根据前文“but they ften helped thers thugh they were pr. Mm wuld make special fds t share”可知，父母喜欢帮助他人，所以应是把花园里种的蔬菜送人。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们这样做的时候，我总是在他们的微笑中看到快乐。A. jy快乐；B. curage勇气；C. tiredness疲倦；D. disappintment失望。根据后文“Because in the faces f each persn wh helped us were thse same jyful smiles.”可知，是在微笑中看到快乐。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，我们的家着火了，烧成了平地。A. garden花园；B. hme家；C. cmmunity社区；D. schl学校。根据后文“We all but lst everything we wned, hmeless”可知，作者一家无家可归，所以是房子着火了。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都幸免于难，但却失去了所有财物，无家可归，感到绝望。A. stayed停留；B. cried哭泣；C. waited等待；D. survived幸存。根据后文，没有提到谁去世了，并结合“but”可知，一家人都幸免于难。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们都幸免于难，但却失去了所有财物，无家可归，感到绝望。A. bred无聊的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. hpeless绝望的；D. wrthless无价值的。根据前文“but lst everything we wned”可知，作者一家一无所有，所以是感到绝望的。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：整个社区的人给我们送去了食物和衣服，给我们找了一个临时住所，还帮我爸爸买了一个新家给我们住。A. ppular流行的；B. pr贫穷的；C. temprary暂时的；D. remte遥远的。根据前文“Then ne night ur caught fire and burned t the grund.”以及后文“helped my Dad a new hme fr us t live in”可知，作者家被烧了，后来买了新房，所以此处应是找了一个临时住所。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：整个社区的人给我们送去了食物和衣服，给我们找了一个临时住所，还资助我爸爸买了一个新家给我们住。A. ccupy占据；B. finance资助；C. replace替换；D. paint绘画。根据后文“a new hme fr us t live in.”结合选项可知，应是资助买了新家给作者一家住，符合语境。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们无法报答他们的善良和爱。A. remve移除；B. regain重新获得；C. repay偿还；D. renew更新。根据前文“She viewed every favr r act f kindness as smething that needed t be paid fr either in cash r in .”可知，作者的朋友无论得到什么帮助或善举，都会以实物或者现金回报，由此可推断，此处指的是作者觉得无法“报答”社区人们的善举，符合语境。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我很快发现，没有人期望我们这样做。A. taught教授；B. permitted允许；C. warned警告；D. expected期望。根据下文的“Because in the faces f each persn wh helped us were thse same jyful smiles.”可知，作者在每一个帮助他们的人的脸上都有同样闪亮的眼睛和快乐的微笑，由此可推断，此处指的是作者发现没有人“期望”作者一家回报他们的善举。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：说到爱，事实是你分享的爱越多，你得到的爱也就越多。A. truth事实；B. decisin决定；C. prblem问题；D. cncern担忧。根据后文“the mre lve yu share, the mre lve yu have”可知，此处描述事实。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你付出的越多，得到的也就越多。A. lse失去；B. desire渴望；C. refuse拒绝；D. receive接收。根据后文“It desn’t balance ut. It just keeps grwing.”可知，它不是平衡的，但在不断增长，所以应是付出的越多，得到的也就越多。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mst architects lk t cntrl nature, while Yu Kngjian, a Chinese landscape architect, wants nature t take ver. Intense strms are n the rise and cities acrss the wrld are finding ____36____ difficult t manage fldwaters. But instead f using cncrete-based engineering ways ____37____ (defend) against the increasing fldwaters, Mr. Yu is develping ____38____ might seem like an unexpected respnse: Let the water in.
“Yu cannt fight water,” Mr. Yu said. “Yu have t adapt t it.” He wants t reduce the destructive frce f fldwaters ____39____ slwing them and giving them rm t spread ut. Mr. Yu calls ____40____ cncept “spnge city (海绵城市)” and says it’s like ding tai chi with water, a reference t the Chinese martial art in which an ppnent’s energy and mves ____41____ (redirect), nt resisted.
The prblem with cncrete-based slutins ____42____ (be) that they are expensive, lack ____43____ (flexible) and require cnstant maintenance. Spnge cities create new parks, restre wetlands and set up rain gardens and pavements. Mr. Yu’s prpsal is this: Create areas with prus (多孔的) earth where lcal plants can grw well with little maintenance. If it rains, the earth and plants will absrb the water, preventing sme r even all f it frm flding nearby areas. Any extra water nt ____44____ (absrb) by the vegetatin will at least be slwed, unlike cncrete, which can instead ____45____ (dangerus) speed up water flw.
【答案】36. it 37. t defend 38. what 39. by##thrugh 40. the##this
41. are redirected 42. is 43. flexibility 44. absrbed 45. dangerusly
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了中国景观设计师俞孔坚的“海绵城市”理念，他主张让自然接管而非控制自然，特别是在应对城市洪水问题上，他提倡让水自然流入并通过多孔土壤和植物吸收来减缓水流，减少洪水的破坏力。
【36题详解】
考查代词。句意：强烈的风暴正在增加，世界各地的城市都发现很难管理洪水。此处是固定搭配：find+it+形容词+t d，其中it作形式宾语，不定式为真正宾语。故填it。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，俞先生并没有使用基于混凝土的工程方法来抵御不断增加的洪水，而是想出了一个看似出人意料的应对办法：让水进来。此处是固定搭配：use sth t d意为“用某物做某事”。故填t defend。
【38题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：但是，俞先生并没有使用基于混凝土的工程方法来抵御不断增加的洪水，而是想出了一个看似出人意料的应对办法：让水进来。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，用what引导。故填what。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：他想通过减缓洪水的速度和给洪水扩散的空间来减少洪水的破坏力。空后是动名词，所以空处应填介词，根据句意，表达“通过”之意，可用介词by或者thrugh。故填by/thrugh。
【40题详解】
考查限定词。句意：俞先生把这个概念称为“海绵城市”，他说这就像用水打太极，这是一种中国武术，对手的能量和动作是被转移的，而不是被抵抗的。根据后文“spnge city”可知，此处特指“海绵城市”这个概念，此处既可以用冠词the表特指，也可用形容词this修饰。故填the/this。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：俞先生把这个概念称为“海绵城市”，他说这就像用水打太极，这是一种中国武术，对手的能量和动作是被转移的，而不是被抵抗的。本句是in which引导的定语从句，redirect作从句谓语，和主语an ppnent’s energy and mves之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据前文的says和calls可知，用一般现在时。故填are redirected。
【42题详解】
考查动时态和主谓一致。句意：基于混凝土的解决方案的问题在于它们昂贵，缺乏灵活性并且需要不断维护。be动词作本句谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The prblem为第三人称单数。故填is。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：基于混凝土的解决方案的问题在于它们昂贵，缺乏灵活性并且需要不断维护。空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，flexible的名词形式是flexibility。故填flexibility。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：任何没有被植被吸收的额外水分至少会被减缓，而不像混凝土会危险地加速水流。本句已有谓语动词will be slwed，所以absrb用非谓语形式，根据空后的by可知，用过去分词表被动。故填absrbed。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：任何没有被植被吸收的额外水分至少会被减缓，而不像混凝土会危险地加速水流。空处修饰空后的动词，用副词修饰。故填dangerusly。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，上周你班在郊区的金田村进行了两天劳动实践。请你给英国朋友Sam写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
1.你学到的技能;
2.你的感想。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sam,
Last week, my class had a tw-day labr practice in Jin Tian Village in the suburbs.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Sam,
Last week, my class had a tw-day labr practice in Jin Tian Village in the suburbs.
During the practice, we learned varius skills such as planting vegetables, harvesting crps, and feeding livestck. It was a fulfilling experience that allwed us t better understand the hard wrk f farmers. Thrugh this activity, I realized the imprtance f labr in ur lives and develped a greater respect fr thse wh wrk tirelessly t prvide fr us.
I feel bth grateful and inspired t cherish the fruits f thers’ labr.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jeremy, at 75, had becme used t living alne in his quiet hmetwn with his wife gne fr 10 years. He filled his days with husewrk, withut any cmpany, nt even a pet. In winter, he ften sat by the fireplace, wrapped in a blanket and drinking ht milk, with lneliness filling every crner f the huse.
Warned by the gvernment, a snwstrm was appraching. Jeremy was just abut t g t bed when he heard a strange nise frm his backyard, cutting thrugh the quiet evening.
Cnfused, Jeremy put n his thickest cat and went twards the backyard slwly. Then he fund a dg, cld and hungry, lying at the crner. But as he reached ut his hand, the dg’s eyes gt wild and it gave a threatening grwl (咆哮). Jeremy tk a step back, afraid f being bitten, since n ne wuld care fr him if things went wrng. He went back int the huse and clsed the dr. But he culdn’t just leave the dg ut there in the freezing cld.
Gathering his curage, Jeremy stepped utside again. This time, he mved carefully. The dg was still there. But its attitude changed slightly. It wasn’t trying t threaten him; it was prtecting smething. Driven by curisity, Jeremy went clser, speaking sftly t calm the dg. “Easy there... I’m nt here t hurt yu,” he said. The dg’s eyes tracked his every mve, but it didn’t grwl this time. Instead, it shwed smething hidden under its belly (肚子) slwly. It was tw tiny wlets (小猫头鹰). Their small, rund bdies trembled slightly, but frtunately they were in gd cnditin.
The dg lay n the flr, eyes half-clsed and bdy still. It had clearly given everything it had t prtect the wlets. Jeremy gently checked it fr signs f life. It was very weak. Jeremy knew the animal rescue wuldn’t arrive in time because f the snwstrm. But he didn’t want t lse the dg.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Knwing he culd nly rely n himself, Jeremy tk immediate actin.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next mrning Jeremy went t check the little her’s cnditin.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Knwing he culd nly rely n himself, Jeremy tk immediate actin. With the snwstrm intensifying, he knew he had t wrk fast. He carefully wrapped the dg and the tw wlets in a thick blanket he had brught frm his huse and gently placed them near the fireplace. Then he heated sme water n his stve and mixed it with sme leftver dg fd he had frm a neighbr’s visit, hping the warmth and nutritin wuld help revive the dg. As the dg began t lap up the fd, Jeremy culd see its strength slwly returning. The wlets, nestled clse t the dg, seemed t be in awe f their prtectr’s recvery. Jeremy stayed up mst f the night, mnitring the dg and the wlets, ensuring they were warm and cmfrtable.
The next mrning Jeremy went t check the little her’s cnditin. T his relief, the dg was nw awake and alert, its tail giving a weak wag in recgnitin f Jeremy’s care. The wlets were chirping sftly, their eyes wide with curisity. Jeremy decided that the dg and the wlets wuld stay with him until he culd find a mre permanent slutin. Fr the first time in a decade, the huse was filled with sunds f life and cmpaninship. The unexpected visitrs had nt nly brught a change t his rutine but als a renewed sense f cnnectin and respnsibility. As he lked at the dg and the wlets, he knew that his life was abut t take a turn he had never anticipated, and he welcmed it with pen arms.
Bird Trivia Nights
Date: Saturdays, May 3 and May 10
Time: 7:00 p. m. t 9:00 p. m.
Fee: Open t public
This ppular scial event lets participants team up and enjy friendly cmpetitin with ther bird enthusiasts n birding knwledge.
Beginning Birder Field Trips
Date: Sundays, May 4 and May 11
Time: 10:00 a. m. t 12:00 p. m.
Fee: Free t registers
Specially designed fr newcmers t birding, these trips ffer a guided experience in bird identificatin and the use f birding equipment.
Keynte Presentatins
Date: Fridays, May 2 and May 9
Time: 4:00 p. m. t 5:00 p. m.
Fee: $20
Published writers will cver engaging tpics n the art f birding, scientific discvery, and histrical perspectives in their presentatins.
Bird Art Basics Wrkshps
Date: Saturdays, May 3 and May 10
Time: 8:00 a. m. t 12:00 p. m.
Fee: $40
Explre yur artistic side and learn sme techniques thrugh sketching and painting birds under the guidance f ur artists.