山东省济南市2024-2025学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）

山东省济南市2024-2025学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分 听力 （略） 第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMelbourne Airport is the second busiest airport in Australia. If you’re one of those lucky people passing through Melbourne, here’s what you need to know about it. Melbourne Airport Code, Location, and Contact Information• Melbourne Airport Code: MEL• Location: Departure Dr, Tullamarine, Victoria, Australia 3045• Website: https: //www. melbourneairport. com. au/• Phone Number: +61392971600Know Before You GoMelbourne Airport is a busy airport with four terminals (航站楼). There are clear signs throughout each terminal to help you make your way through check-in and security. Before your flight, you can check which terminal your airline is in on the Melbourne Airport website. In general, Terminal 1 is a Qantas domestic center, Terminal 2 is international flights. Terminal 3 is a Virgin Australia domestic center, and Terminal 4 is all other domestic airlines such as Jetstar and Tiger Air. Where to Eat and DrinkMelbourne is a big, food-loving city and it shows that in its airport. Whether you’re looking for a quick grab-and-go meal or a sit-down experience, there are plenty of choices. Some of the best spots for eating and drinking include Cafe Vu (Terminal 2), which offers French-inspired food. Brunetti (Terminals 2 and 4) us an excellent spot for tasting Melbourne’s coffee and biting into an Italian deasert. Baxa (Terminal 2) is a Vietnamese fast-casual restaurant that serves warm noodles. Check out Two Johns Taphouse (Terminal 2 and 4) for a local beer and pub food. WiFi and Charging StationMelbourne Airport offers free WiFi throughout its terminals. To connect to the “Airport Free WiFi,” simply enter your details, accept the terms and conditions, and click “start browsing.” Charging stations are freely available and located throughout the airport.1. Which terminal do passengers need to go to when flying from Melbourne to London?A. Terminal 1. B. Terminal 2. C. Terminal 3. D. Terminal 4.2. Which restaurant in Melbourne Airport serves Asian food?A. Baxa. B. Brunetti. C. Cafe Vu. D. Two Johns Taphouse.3. What is required for a passenger to use free WiFi?A. Buying a telephone card. B. Setting up an application.C. Filling in personal information. D. Calling +61392971600 for code.【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了墨尔本机场的一些情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Know Before You Go部分中“Terminal 1 is a Qantas domestic center, Terminal 2 is international flights. (1号航站楼是澳航国内航班中心，2号航站楼是国际航班)”可知，从墨尔本飞往伦敦需要2号航站楼转机。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Where to Eat and Drink部分中“Baxa (Terminal 2) is a Vietnamese fast-casual restaurant that serves warm noodles.(Baxa（2号航站楼）是一家提供热面的越南休闲快餐店)”可知，墨尔本机场Baxa供应亚洲菜。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段WiFi and Charging Station部分中“To connect to the “Airport Free WiFi,” simply enter your details, accept the terms and conditions, and click “start browsing.”(要连接“机场免费WiFi”，只需输入您的详细信息，接受条款和条件，然后点击“开始浏览”)”可知，乘客申请免费WiFi需要填写个人信息。故选C。BNature is more than beautiful for one to look at. For Indonesian nature conservationist (环保主义者) Farwiza Farhan, nature is a silent friend. As a child, Farhan often climbed trees whenever she had problems, staying there until she calmed down. Nature has always been there for her. This is why she has been trying to be there for nature when it needs her help. Farhan brought her love for nature to her college years. She took a master’s degree in environmental management at the University of Queensland in Australia. In 2009, while studying at the university, she had an opportunity to work with Carbon Capture and Storage Institute, an international think tank that focused on carbon capture and storage to cut down emissions (排放), and earned some money. In 2012, along with several of her coworkers, she formed the Forest, Nature, and Environment of Ace h Foundation (HAkA). In 2014, HAkA achieved one huge victory. making an oil company pay $30 million for the damage it caused to the ecosystem. Farhan said this landmark victory was historic because it was the first time that Indonesia had fined a company for burning forests. Besides, HAkA also stopped the construction of a dam that put an elephant habitat in Indonesia at risk. HAkA, now a 12-year-old institution, also has programs for women such as assistant lawyer and citizen journalism training and forest guard groups. Farhan said they saw a need to empower women as protectors of the environment because women are much more affected by the effects of environmental destruction and climate change. The conservationist said disasters such as crop failures could affect the financial status (财政状况) of families, making it more likely for them to force women to be in arranged marriages to get out of poverty or relocate to areas full of violence. Farhan has won several awards and she commented, “The work should include everyone from all walks of life. The recognition belongs to all fighting on the ground.”4. What did nature mean to young Farhan?A. A mother of all things. B. A shelter for wildlife.C. A magical theme park. D. A comforting partner.5. What drove Farhan to start HAkA?A. Her working pressure. B. Her economic condition.C. Her program in university. D. Her passion from childhood.6. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about concerning HAkA?A. Its strict standards. B. Its business model.C. Its major successes. D. Its running system.7. Why did Farhan call on women to be environmental fighters?A. They are more subject to eco-crisis. B. Their hope for better jobs disappears.C. They are loaded with family duties. D. Their life is threatened by violence.【答案】4. D 5. D 6. C 7. A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了印尼自然保护主义者法维扎·法尔汉（Farwiza Farhan）为了保护环境所付出的努力。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“As a child, Farhan often climbed trees whenever she had problems, staying there until she calmed down. Nature has always been there for her.(法尔汉还是个孩子的时候，每当她遇到问题时，她就会爬上树，呆在那里直到平静下来。大自然一直陪伴着她)”可知，大自然是法尔汉小时候安慰的伙伴。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“As a child, Farhan often climbed trees whenever she had problems, staying there until she calmed down. Nature has always been there for her.(法尔汉还是个孩子的时候，每当她遇到问题时，她就会爬上树，呆在那里直到平静下来。大自然一直陪伴着她)”以及第三段“Farhan brought her love for nature to her college years.(法尔汉把她对自然的热爱带到了大学时代)”以及“In 2012, along with several of her coworkers, she formed the Forest, Nature, and Environment of Aceh Foundation (HAkA).(2012年，她与几位同事一起成立了森林、自然与环境基金会（HAkA）)”可知，童年的激情促使法尔汉创办HAkA。故选D。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“In 2014, HAkA achieved one huge victory. making an oil company pay $30 million for the damage it caused to the ecosystem. Farhan said this landmark victory was historic because it was the first time that Indonesia had fined a company for burning forests. Besides, HAkA also stopped the construction of a dam that put an elephant habitat in Indonesia at risk. HAkA, now a 12-year-old institution, also has programs for women such as assistant lawyer and citizen journalism training and forest guard groups.( 2014年，HAkA取得了一个巨大的胜利。让一家石油公司为其对生态系统造成的破坏支付3000万美元。法尔汉说，这一具有里程碑意义的胜利是历史性的，因为这是印度尼西亚首次对焚烧森林的公司处以罚款。此外，HAkA还停止了一座危及印尼大象栖息地的大坝的建设。HAkA现在是一个有12年历史的机构，它还为女性开设了助理律师、公民新闻培训和森林保护组织等项目)”可知，第四段主要讲了HAkA主要的成功。故选C。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Farhan said they saw a need to empower women as protectors of the environment because women are much more affected by the effects of environmental destruction and climate change. The conservationist said disasters such as crop failures could affect the financial status (财政状况) of families, making it more likely for them to force women to be in arranged marriages to get out of poverty or relocate to areas full of violence.(法尔汉说，他们认为有必要赋予女性保护环境的权力，因为女性受到环境破坏和气候变化的影响要大得多。这位环保人士说，农作物歉收等自然灾害可能会影响家庭的经济状况，使他们更有可能强迫妇女参加包办婚姻，以摆脱贫困或搬迁到充满暴力的地区)”可知，法尔汉呼吁女性成为环境斗士是因为她们更容易受到生态危机的影响。故选A。CMany people have an immediate negative reaction to the word fat But according to a new study, fat tissue (组织) itself is very, very important for health. It’s an important place to store the extra energy in our body. Fat tissue is supposed to be stored under the skin. If it can’t go there, it’s going to other places such as your liver, heart or pancreas (胰腺). More fat in those organs could affect how well they function. Exercising regularly over time makes fat tissue a more accommodating place for extra energy under conditions when we do gain weight. To see how exercise impacts fat tissue, researchers compared fat tissue just under the skin from two groups of 16 people with overweight problem: those who reported exercising at least four times a week for at least 2 years, and those who did not exercise regularly. People who had a history of regular exercise in the past had fat cells with features that allowed them to store more fat. Result from the former group showed several structural changes in fat tissue, including slightly smaller fat cells and more of them, and changes in proteins (蛋白质) that adjust body fat remodeling. However, many of the above changes disappeared when regular exercise stopped. Dr. Horowitz, professor of movement studies at the University of Michigan, said, “This is one of the big reasons why it is so important to be physically active most days. A lot of the body’s exercises help you to keep going longer or push harder in your works.”The key takeaway of the study is that we’re broadening our understanding of why it is helpful to exercise. There are so many ways to exercise, and figuring out a way to make it part of the daily routine plays an important role. Of course, you should check with your doctor first to make sure it’s safe.8. What can we learn about fat tissue from Paragraph 1?A. It is most energy-demanding. B. It has little to do with fatness.C. Its location makes a difference. D. Its function is to control health.9. How are the participants in the research grouped?A. By their health problem. B. By their body weight.C. By their workout habit. D. By their personal hobby.10. What is stressed in Paragraph 3?A. Weight loss depends on less fat tissue. B. Exercise can reshape protein structure.C. Harder training results in stronger fat tissue. D. Fat tissue is sensitive to exercise frequency.11. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?A. To raise a proposal. B. To present evidence.C. To prove the finding. D. To advance the study.【答案】8. C 9. C 10. D 11. A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了脂肪组织的位置不同会对身体有所影响，解释了相关研究以及建议多锻炼。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Fat tissue is supposed to be stored under the skin. If it can’t go there, it’s going to other places such as your liver, heart or pancreas (胰腺). More fat in those organs could affect how well they function.(脂肪组织应该储存在皮肤下。如果它不能到达那里，它就会到达其他地方，比如肝脏、心脏或胰腺。这些器官中的脂肪过多会影响它们的功能)”可知，脂肪组织的位置不同会有影响。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“To see how exercise impacts fat tissue, researchers compared fat tissue just under the skin from two groups of 16 people with overweight problem: those who reported exercising at least four times a week for at least 2 years, and those who did not exercise regularly.(为了了解运动对脂肪组织的影响，研究人员比较了两组16名有超重问题的人的皮下脂肪组织：一组报告说每周至少锻炼四次，持续至少两年，另一组不经常锻炼)”可知，研究参与者通过锻炼习惯进行分组。故选C。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Result from the former group showed several structural changes in fat tissue, including slightly smaller fat cells and more of them, and changes in proteins (蛋白质) that adjust body fat remodeling. However, many of the above changes disappeared when regular exercise stopped. Dr. Horowitz, professor of movement studies at the University of Michigan, said, “This is one of the big reasons why it is so important to be physically active most days. A lot of the body’s exercises help you to keep going longer or push harder in your works.”(前一组的结果显示，脂肪组织发生了一些结构变化，包括脂肪细胞略小，脂肪细胞更多，以及调节身体脂肪重塑的蛋白质发生了变化。然而，当停止定期锻炼时，上述许多变化就消失了。密歇根大学运动研究教授霍洛维茨博士说：“这就是为什么大多数时候保持身体活跃是如此重要的一个重要原因。很多身体的锻炼可以帮助你坚持更长时间或更努力地工作。”)”可知，第三段强调的是脂肪组织对运动频率敏感。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“The key takeaway of the study is that we’re broadening our understanding of why it is helpful to exercise. There are so many ways to exercise, and figuring out a way to make it part of the daily routine plays an important role. Of course, you should check with your doctor first to make sure it’s safe.(这项研究的关键结论是，我们正在拓宽我们对为什么锻炼有益的理解。锻炼的方法有很多，找到一种方法使其成为日常生活的一部分起着重要的作用。当然，你应该先咨询你的医生，以确保它是安全的)”可知，最后一段的目的是提出建议。故选A。DWhy does one plus one equal two? One possible answer is “It just does!” That is really a different way of saying “Because I said so!” — an answer that has been annoying children for generations. Math can seem like a world of rules you just have to follow, which makes it seem boring. But my love of math is somewhat driven by my love of breaking rules or at least pushing against them, both of which advance human understanding and mathematical understanding. So rather than think about why one plus one is two, let’s go a little further and question whether it’s even true all the time, my you put one rabbit and another rabbit together. You might end up with many rabbits. Sometimes, if you put a pile of sand on top of another, then you just get one pile of sand. And if I say “I’m not not hungry,” that means “I’m hungry.”You might think that these aren’t really situations in which one plus one equals something else, because they aren’t really addition, or because those aren’t really numbers. You’re welcome to think that, but that’s not what math does. Math instead says: Let’s work out the context in which one plus one really does equal two, and contexts in which it doesn’t. Math isn’t really about getting the right answer, it’s about building good explanations. Imagine we were designing a jungle (丛林) gym for children. We’d want to test it in every possible way to make sure it’s safe. We’d want to jump on it, fall from it, and try to pull it out of the ground, rather than simply trusting that we built it well. The solidity of math comes from wanting to know our framework (框架) will hold up. One of the reasons why the framework is so strong is that we question it so deeply. I hope that we will start seeing mathematics as a place to raise questions and explore answers, rather than a place where the answers are fixed and we’re supposed to know them.12. Why does the author love math?A. He enjoys the number games. B. He finds uncertainty in math.C. He likes going beyond rules. D. He knows and fears nothing.13. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A. Contexts decide math results. B. One plus one always equals two.C. Addition is sometimes confusing. D. There is no trick to learning math.14. What does the author suggest by mentioning a jungle gym?A. Safety comes first. B. Test outplays trust.C. Math keeps men exact. D. Practice makes perfect.15. How are we expected to learn math according to the text?A. Team up effectively. B. Question reasonably.C. Review patiently. D. Count frequently.【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了作者喜爱数学的原因以及对如何学习数学的一些见解。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“But my love of math is somewhat driven by my love of breaking rules or at least pushing against them, both of which advance human understanding and mathematical understanding.(但我对数学的热爱在某种程度上是由我对打破规则的热爱所驱动的，或者至少是对规则的挑战，这两者都促进了人类的理解和对数学的理解)”可知，作者喜欢数学因为喜欢打破常规。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“So rather than think about why one plus one is two, let’s go a little further and question whether it’s even true all the time, my you put one rabbit and another rabbit together. You might end up with many rabbits. Sometimes, if you put a pile of sand on top of another, then you just get one pile of sand. And if I say “I’m not not hungry,” that means “I’m hungry.”(所以与其思考为什么1加1等于2，不如进一步思考一下，如果你把一只兔子和另一只兔子放在一起，它是否一直都是正确的。你可能会得到很多兔子。有时候，如果你把一堆沙子放在另一堆沙子上，那么你只会得到一堆沙子。如果我说“我不是不饿”，意思是“我饿了”)”可知，语境决定数学成绩。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Imagine we were designing a jungle (丛林) gym for children. We’d want to test it in every possible way to make sure it’s safe. We’d want to jump on it, fall from it, and try to pull it out of the ground, rather than simply trusting that we built it well. The solidity of math comes from wanting to know our framework (框架) will hold up. One of the reasons why the framework is so strong is that we question it so deeply. (想象一下，我们正在为孩子们设计一个丛林健身房。我们想要用各种可能的方法来测试它，以确保它是安全的。我们想要跳上去，从上面掉下来，试着把它从地上拉出来，而不是简单地相信我们把它造得很好。数学的坚固性来自于我们想知道我们的框架是否能够支撑起来。这个框架如此强大的原因之一是我们对它的质疑如此深刻)”可知，作者提到攀爬架是为了表明测试胜过信任。故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“I hope that we will start seeing mathematics as a place to raise questions and explore answers, rather than a place where the answers are fixed and we’re supposed to know them.(我希望我们开始把数学看作是一个提出问题和探索答案的地方，而不是一个答案是固定的，我们应该知道它们的地方)”可知，学习数学应该合理提问。故选B。第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。You can live a low-waste lifestyle. The key is to be creative about redesigning your behavior. Here are a few simple ways to reduce your trash output. Write a list of the trash you produce. Organize it by the rooms in your house or by activity. You might write “food waste, plastic bags and metal cans” under “cooking”, etc. This will help you track the trash you’re creating. ___16___Look at the empty containers you are throwing away and figure out a low-waste solution. Reuse them instead of buying new ones. ___17___ You may also consider using an empty tea container to store rice. ___18___ You can cut old T-shirts into pieces for cleaning up. Moreover, think about how to creatively save your food. For example, put overripe bananas in the freezer to make banana bread later. Or use an orange skin to make a candle using vegetable oil. A low-waste lifestyle isn’t just about what you do at home. ___19___ Choose a digital receipt at shops instead of a paper one. When eating out, bring your own reusable fork. Or ask the waiters to fill up your own coffee cup instead of a single-use one. Remember, reducing waste is about finding sustainable changes that fit your lifestyle. ___20___. You’ll be part of the solution to environmental pollution and climate change.A. Start small and build up.B. Waste will end up in landfills.C. They can be given back to shops.D. Try to rescue whatever can be used.E. You can use empty boxes to store candiesF. Thus, you can identify manageable ways to reduce it.G. It is also about looking for ways to au t waste elsewhere【答案】16. F 17. E 18. D 19. G 20. A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。你可以过一种低浪费的生活，关键是要创造性地重新设计你的行为。文章主要就减少垃圾产生给出了一些建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Write a list of the trash you produce. Organize it by the rooms in your house or by activity. You might write “food waste, plastic bags and metal cans” under “cooking”, etc. This will help you track the trash you’re creating.(把你制造的垃圾写一张清单。按房间或活动来组织。你可以在“烹饪”下面写“食物垃圾、塑料袋和金属罐”等等。这将帮助你跟踪你在制造的垃圾)”可知，上文建议为制造的垃圾写清单，本句为本段最后一句，故说明这么做的好处。故F选项“这样，你可以找到可管理的方法来减少它”符合语境，故选F。【17题详解】根据上文“Look at the empty containers you are throwing away and figure out a low-waste solution. Reuse them instead of buying new ones.(看看你扔掉的空容器，找出一个低浪费的解决方案。重复使用，而不是买新的)”以及后文“You may also consider using an empty tea container to store rice.(你也可以考虑用一个空的茶叶容器来储存大米)”可知，空格处句子与后文并列，都是针对如何重新利用空容器进行举例说明。故E选项“你可以用空盒子储存糖果”符合语境，故选E。【18题详解】根据后文“You can cut old T-shirts into pieces for cleaning up. Moreover, think about how to creatively save your food. For example, put overripe bananas in the freezer to make banana bread later. Or use an orange skin to make a candle using vegetable oil.(你可以把旧T恤剪成碎片以便清理。此外，想想如何创造性地保存你的食物。例如，把熟透的香蕉放在冰箱里，以后做香蕉面包。或者用橘子皮用植物油做蜡烛)”可知，本段主要就如何重新利用家中的物品进行了说明。故D选项“尽力抢救一切可用的东西”符合语境，故选D。【19题详解】根据上文“A low-waste lifestyle isn’t just about what you do at home.(低浪费的生活方式不仅仅是你在家做的事情)”可知，上文提到“低浪费的生活方式不仅仅是你在家做的事情”，推测本句承接上文，进一步解释说明低浪费的生活方式的意义。故G选项“这也是关于寻找其他地方不浪费的方法”符合语境，故选G。【20题详解】根据上文“Remember, reducing waste is about finding sustainable changes that fit your lifestyle.(记住，减少浪费就是找到适合你生活方式的可持续变化)”以及后文“You’ll be part of the solution to environmental pollution and climate change.(你将成为解决环境污染和气候变化的一份子)”可知，本段为总结段落，上文提到减少浪费是找到可持续变化，说明是一个过程，需要慢慢开始。故A选项“从小处开始，慢慢积累”符合语境，故选A。第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When I finally achieved my lifelong dream to complete my PhD (博士学位), it was with my daughter.I had always had ___21___ in my studies. By the time I completed my Master’s in Economics in 1985, I was sure that I ___22___ to get a PhD. Within a year after my postgraduate, I faced a ___23___ in the road: A job opportunity. I decided to put my degree ___24___. A few years down the line, I got married and had my first child. In 2007, opportunity came ___25___ again. But perhaps I ___26___ too soon. One day, during an early-morning hike, I suddenly ___27___ and fell, seriously injuring my left ankle. Six months later, ___28___ as I was, the steps for PhD were all impossible.For the next five years, I ___29___ on new postings and my days were filled with work and family. When my elder daughter Shreya began a PhD, it seemed like the perfect opportunity to ____30____ her on the PhD journey. In December 2012, I eventually ____31____ my PhD programme at Delhi University. I still remember the professor and students looked ____32____ surprised when they saw a 50-something student in class.Life gets in the way and ____33____ you off course. But staying ____34____ to the original self and having belief in yourself make all the difference, especially when you’re on the road less ____35____.21. A. confidence B. support C. time D. trouble22. A. managed B. wanted C. dared D. begged23. A. crash B. sign C. fork D. stage24. A. in hand B. in return C. on purpose D. on hold25. A. missing B. knocking C. warning D. cheering26. A. dropped B. changed C. celebrated D. agreed27. A. tripped B. moved C. stopped D. rushed28. A. grounded B. excited C. alarmed D. pained29. A. relied B. focused C. checked D. planned30. A. encourage B. trust C. push D. partner31. A. quitted B. copied C. discovered D. started32. A. predictably B. comfortably C. strangely D. coldly33. A. sends B. burns C. forces D. cuts34. A. simple B. equal C. true D. clear35. A. travelled B. opened C. blocked D. preferred【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一直怀揣攻读博士学位的梦想，但因工作和家庭等因素多次搁置，后来在50多岁时和女儿一起开启博士课程，最终实现梦想，并感悟到忠于本真和相信自己的重要性。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直对自己的学业充满信心。A. confidence信心；B. support支持；C. time时间；D. trouble麻烦。根据下文“By the time I completed my Master’s in Economics in 1985, I was sure that I ______ to get a PhD.”可知，作者读完经济学硕士学位，还计划攻读博士学位，因此是对自己的学业充满信心。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1985年我完成经济学硕士学位时，就确定自己想要攻读博士学位。A. managed设法做到；B. wanted想要；C. dared敢于；D. begged恳求。根据上文“When I finally achieved my lifelong dream to complete my PhD (博士学位)”可知，攻读博士学位是作者毕生的梦想，因此是确定自己想要攻读博士学位。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究生毕业后不到一年，我就面临着一个岔路口：一个工作机会。A. crash碰撞；B. sign标志；C. fork岔路口；D. stage阶段。根据下文“A job opportunity”可知，作者硕士毕业后得到了一个工作机会，这和之前她规划的继续攻读学位的计划有冲突，因此是指面临着一个岔路口，岔路口代表人生中的重要选择和决策点‌。故选C。【24题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我决定暂缓攻读博士学位。A. in hand在手中；B. in return作为回报；C. on purpose故意；D. on hold暂停。根据下文“A few years down the line, I got married and had my first child.”可知，作者接下来结了婚并迎来了第一个孩子，因此她是决定暂缓攻读博士学位，短语put sth. on hold意为“暂停某事”。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2007年，机会再次降临。A. missing错过；B. knocking敲击；C. warning警告；D. cheering欢呼。根据下文“the steps for PhD were all impossible”可知，作者是打算申请攻读博士学位的，因此是指机会再次敲门，即机会再次降临。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但或许我庆祝得太早了。A. dropped掉落；B. changed改变；C. celebrated庆祝；D. agreed答应。根据下文“the steps for PhD were all impossible”可知，对于作者而言，她又一次无法攻读博士学位，由此推知，她为新机会庆祝得太早了。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天清晨徒步时，我突然绊倒，左脚踝严重受伤。A. tripped绊倒；B. moved移动；C. stopped停止；D. rushed匆忙。根据下文“and fell, seriously injuring my left ankle”可推知，作者是突然绊倒，导致左脚踝严重受伤。故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：六个月后，尽管我被禁足了，但攻读博士学位的步骤是不可能的。A. grounded被罚不准出门的；B. excited兴奋的；C. alarmed惊慌的；D. pained痛苦的。根据上文“One day, during an early-morning hike, I suddenly ______ and fell, seriously injuring my left ankle.”可知，作者在徒步时左脚踝严重受伤，因此六个月后应该还没有完全恢复，无法出门，被禁足在家。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的五年里，我专注于新的工作岗位，日子里满是工作和家庭。A. relied依靠；B. focused关注；C. checked检查；D. planned计划。根据下文“my days were filled with work and family”可知，作者的日子里满是工作和家庭，因此是专注于新的工作岗位，短语focus on意为“专注于”。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的大女儿Shreya开始攻读博士学位时，这似乎是一个绝佳的机会，能让我和她结伴踏上攻读博士的征程。A. encourage鼓励；B. trust信任；C. push推动；D. partner结成伙伴。根据上文“When I finally achieved my lifelong dream to complete my PhD (博士学位), it was with my daughter.”可知，作者和女儿一起完成攻读博士学位，因此是和女儿结伴踏上攻读博士的征程。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2012年12月，我最终在德里大学开始了我的博士课程。A. quitted离开；B. copied复制；C. discovered发现；D. started开始。根据下文“I still remember the professor and students looked ______ surprised when they saw a 50-something student in class.”可知，作者进入课堂，重新做回学生，因此是在德里大学开始了自己的博士课程。故选D。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我仍然记得，当教授和学生看到一个50多岁的学生在课堂上时，他们都表现出意料之中的惊讶。A. predictably可预见地；B. comfortably舒适地；C. strangely奇怪地；D. coldly冷淡地。根据下文“when they saw a 50-something student in class”可推知，教授和其他学生看到作者这样一个50多岁的学生，按照常理来预测，会惊讶是很正常的，因此是指他们都表现出意料之中的惊讶。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活总会横生枝节，迫使你偏离原定轨迹。A. sends发送；B. burns燃烧；C. forces迫使；D. cuts切割。根据上文“Life gets in the way”可知，生活总会横生枝节，因此会迫使人偏离原定轨迹。故选C。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但忠于本真、相信自己至关重要，尤其是当你踏上一条少有人走的路时。A. simple简单的；B. equal平等的；C. true忠实的；D. clear清楚的。根据下文“having belief in yourself”可推知，与相信自己呼应的应该是忠于本真，短语stay true to意为“忠于，坚持”。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但忠于本真、相信自己至关重要，尤其是当你踏上一条少有人走的路时。A. travelled走过；B. opened打开；C. blocked堵塞；D. preferred更喜欢。根据上文叙述的作者在50多岁时和女儿一起开启博士课程，最终实现攻读博士学位的梦想可知，作者选择了一条很少有人选择走的路，因此这里强调的是踏上一条少有人走的路的情况。故选A。高一英语试题 第10页 （共12页） 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词） 或括号内单词的正确形式。A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。Peru is a country ___36___ the Pacific coast of South America. It ___37___ (have) three main areas: narrow, dry, and flat land ___38___ (run) along she coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest. In the past, Peru ___39___ (rule) by Spain from the sixteenth century to 1821. It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.【答案】36. on 37. has 38. running 39. was ruled【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了秘鲁的自然地理情况以及历史。【36题详解】考查介词。句意：秘鲁是南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家。表示在南美洲太平洋沿岸，应用介词on。故填on。【37题详解】考查时态。句意：它有三个主要区域：沿着海岸的狭窄、干燥和平坦的土地，安第斯山脉和亚马逊雨林。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为It，谓语用三单形式。故填has。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它有三个主要区域：沿着海岸的狭窄、干燥和平坦的土地，安第斯山脉和亚马逊雨林。run和land之间是主谓关系，使用现在分词，作后置定语。故填running。【39题详解】考查时态语态。句意：在过去，秘鲁从16世纪到1821年被西班牙统治。主语the centre of the powerful ancient Inca Empire和动词rule之间是被动关系，结合“In the past”可知，此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，谓语用单数。故填was ruled。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。There are signs before natural disasters. But people tend not to think much of them. Neither did people in Tangshan in 1976. At 3:42 a.m. on July 28, ___40___ the earth began to shake, the ___41___ (city) one million people were asleep as usual. One of the most deadly ___42___ (earthquake) of the 20th century destroyed all the city almost in less than one minute.【答案】40. when 41. city’s 42. earthquakes【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了唐山地震发生前的先兆。【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意：7月28日凌晨3点42分大地开始震动，这座城市的100万人像往常一样在睡梦中。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词3:42 a.m. on July 28，在从句作时间状语，故填when。【41题详解】考查所有格。句意：7月28日凌晨3点42分大地开始震动，这座城市的100万人像往常一样在睡梦中。此处city与people为所属关系，用名词所有格形式。故填city’s。【42题详解】考查名词的数。句意：20世纪最致命的地震之一几乎在一分钟内就摧毁了整个城市。此处为one of+可数名词复数。故填earthquakes。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。The spirit of the Aswan Dam project is still alive today. It shows that if a problem seems too difficult for ___43___ single nation, the ___44___ (globe) community can sometimes provide a solution. Thousands of engineers and workers rescued 22 temples and countless cultural relics. UNESCO has made contributions ___45___ (prevent) world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing.【答案】43. a 44. global 45. to prevent【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了阿斯旺大坝工程的精神。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：它表明，如果一个问题对一个国家来说似乎太难了，国际社会有时可以提供一个解决方案。nation为泛指，且single是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：它表明，如果一个问题对一个国家来说似乎太难了，国际社会有时可以提供一个解决方案。修饰名词community用形容词global“全球的，全世界的”，作定语。故填global。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：联合国教科文组织为防止世界各地的世界文化遗产消失做出了贡献。短语make contributions to do sth.表示“为做某事作出贡献”。故填to prevent。第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 单词拼写 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词的正确形式。46. A smile of understanding ________ (掠过) across Helen’s face. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】flashed/flew/swept【详解】考查动词。句意：海伦的脸上掠过理解的微笑。根据汉语提示可知用动词flash、fly或sweep，发生在过去用一般过去时。故填flashed/flew/swept。47. He had to n____________ his eyes in the strong light of the sun. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】narrow【详解】考查动词。句意：在强烈的阳光下，他不得不眯起眼睛。have to do不得不做，此处需要填动词原形，根据“in the strong light of the sun”可知此处表示“把眼睛眯成一条缝”，故填narrow。48. In order to keep in shape, I hired a f________ coach in the gym. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】fitness【详解】考查名词。句意：为了保持身材，我在健身房雇了一个健身教练。空处修饰coach，用名词作定语，表示“健康”用fitness。故填fitness。49. She took a deep breath to ________ (使镇静) herself down. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】calm【详解】考查动词。句意：她深吸一口气使自己平静下来。根据汉语提示可知应用动词calm，不定式作目的状语。故填calm。50. The speaker r________ to his notes now and then to offer the exact details. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】referred【详解】考查动词。句意：演讲者不时地参考他的讲稿，以提供确切的细节。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用动词refer，发生在过去用一般过去时。故填referred。51. “Are you a hundred p________ sure it’s your neighbor?” the policeman asked. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】percent【详解】考查名词。句意：“你百分之百确定是你的邻居吗？”警察问。根据单词首字母以及句意可知用名词percent，短语a hundred percent表示“百分之百”。故填percent。52. Webb is an excellent basketball player d________ being short. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】despite【详解】考查介词。句意：韦伯虽然个子矮，但他是个出色的篮球运动员。根据首字母提示，并结合句意可知，这里是介词“despite”，意为“即使，尽管”，“despite being short”在句中作状语。故填despite。53. The ________ (平均的) temperature in May was 4℃ below normal. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】average【详解】考查形容词。句意：五月的平均气温比正常低4℃。根据汉语提示可知用形容词average，修饰名词temperature，作定语。故填average。54. The rent in big cities is almost ________ (等于) to half of the monthly income of the young. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】equal【详解】考查形容词。句意：大城市的房租几乎相当于年轻人月收入的一半。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词equal，作表语。故填equal。55. ________ (事实上), on second thought, I don’t feel like going out tonight. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】Actually/Factually【详解】考查副词。句意：事实上，我又想了一下，今晚我不想出去了。空处修饰整个句子，应填副词作状语；结合汉语提示可知，actually或者factually符合题意，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Actually/Factually。第二节 应用文写作 （满分25分） 56. 假定你是李华，本周二学校书法社团组织了一次书法展，请你给校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：(1) 活动的情况；(2) 同学们的收获与感受。注意：(1) 写作词数应为80个左右；(2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。A Calligraphy Exhibition_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】A Calligraphy ExhibitionOn Tuesday, our school’s Calligraphy Club organized a calligraphy exhibition in the school hall. The event showcased a variety of beautiful calligraphy works created by students. The exhibition attracted many students and teachers, who were all impressed by the artistic skills displayed.Through this event, students not only appreciated the beauty of traditional Chinese calligraphy but also gained a deeper understanding of its cultural significance. Many students expressed that they felt inspired to practice calligraphy more diligently and to explore the rich heritage of Chinese art. Overall, the exhibition was a great success and left a lasting impact on everyone who attended.