天津市四校联考2024-2025学年高二上期末考试英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份天津市四校联考2024-2025学年高二上期末考试英语试卷（解析版），共24页。
第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —I will give Tny a gd lessn when he cmes back.
—______! Yu’d better find ut what happened t him first.
A. Lk utB. Gd ideaC. Keep clD. What a pity
【答案】C
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——当托尼回来时，我要好好教训他一顿。——保持冷静！你最好先弄清楚他发生了什么事。A. Lk ut小心，留神；B. Gd idea好主意；C. Keep cl保持冷静；D. What a pity真可惜。根据“Yu’d better find ut what happened t him first.”可知，劝对方要冷静，不要冲动行事。故选C。
2. He has a strng _________ fr wearing running shes whether it's fr daily runs r simply relaxing.
A. dislikeB. ambitinC. cncernD. preference
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他非常喜欢穿跑鞋，无论是日常跑步还是单纯的放松。A. dislike厌恶： B. ambitin雄心：C. cncern担忧：D. preference偏爱。根据whether it's fr daily runs r simply relaxing.可知，此处表示“偏爱”。故选D。
3. He made great effrt t strive fr his dream, which prved ______ when he finally graduated with hnrs.
A. secureB. cnvincingC. rewardingD. humble
【答案】C
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他为梦想付出了巨大努力，当他最终以优异的成绩毕业时，证明这是值得的。A. secure安全的；可靠的；B. cnvincing令人信服的；C. rewarding值得的；有报酬的；有益的；D. humble谦逊的；卑微的。根据“He made great effrt t strive fr his dream,”可知，他为梦想付出了巨大努力证明是值得的。故选C。
4. He was ______ chsen because f his qualificatins, and nt because f his celebrity.
A. graduallyB. apparentlyC. slightlyD. enrmusly
【答案】B
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他显然是因为自身资质被选中，而不是因为他的名气。A. gradually逐渐地；B. apparently显然，明显地；C. slightly轻微地；D. enrmusly极大地。根据“and nt because f his celebrity.”可知，他被选中，明显地是因为他自身的资质。故选B。
5. The island is hme t the Charles Darwin Research Statin, where scientific studies are ______.
A. carried utB. cme utC. burst utD. brught ut
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：该岛是查尔斯·达尔文研究站的所在地，在那里进行科学研究。A. carried ut实施；执行；进行；B. cme ut出版；出现；结果是；C. burst ut突然爆发；D. brught ut出版；生产；使显示。根据“The island is hme t the Charles Darwin Research Statin,”可知，查尔斯·达尔文在那里进行科学研究。故选A。
6. Richard sticks t principles and at the same time has flexibility, s he is t negtiate with the cmpetitrs________ the cmmunity.
A. n behalf fB. n accunt f
C. in favr fD. in terms f
【答案】A
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：Richard坚持原则的同时也有灵活变通，因此他要与代表社区的对手协商。A. n behalf f代表，为了……的利益；B. n accunt f 因为；C. in favr f 有助于，有利于；D. in terms f 在…方面。根据后文的the cmmunity可知，是Richard代表了整个社区。故选A。
7. ______ yu disturb me nw? I’m busy preparing a reprt.
A. NeedB. ShuldC. MightD. Must
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你现在一定要打扰我吗？我正忙着准备报告。A. Need需要；B. Shuld应该；C. Might可能；D. Must必须。根据“I’m busy preparing a reprt.”可知，must在疑问句中表示“非要，偏要”，带有不满、不耐烦的语气。故选D。
8. I dislike ______ when I am left alne t start a cnversatin with a stranger.
A. thatB. itC. thisD. ne
【答案】B
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我不喜欢独自一人去和陌生人攀谈。句中用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为when I am left alne t start a cnversatin with a stranger。 故选B。
9. — Why nt g ut t play with them?
—Srry. I haven’t finished my hmewrk yet, I ______ my mther in the kitchen all day yesterday.
A. have been helpingB. had helped
C. was helpingD. had been helping
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——为什么不跟他们出去玩了？——对不起，我作业还没做完。我昨天一天都在厨房帮妈妈。结合句意和时间状语all day yesterday可知，句子描述的是过去某一时间正在进行的动作，用过去进行时态；空白处做句子的谓语，主语是I，故选C。
10. While yu are gifted, yu wn’t attain yur gal in life ______ yu wrk hard.
A. asB. unlessC. whenD. while
【答案】B
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然你有天赋，但如果你不努力工作，你不会实现人生目标。A. as因为；随着；当……时候；B. unless除非，如果不；C. when当……时候；D. while当……时候；然而。根据“yu wn’t attain yur gal in life”可知，如果不努力工作，就不会实现人生目标。故选B。
11. We are talking abut the famus writer and his new nvel ______ attract s many students.
A. whseB. whC. thatD. which
【答案】C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们正在谈论那位著名的作家和他吸引了众多学生的新小说。句中先行词为the famus writer and his new nvel，既有人又有物，在定语从句中作主语，此时关系词只能用that。故选C。
12. Befre ging shpping, I always make a list f ________ my family need s that I wn’t leave anything ut.
A. whichB. whetherC. whereD. what
【答案】D
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：在去购物之前，我总是把家人需要的东西列一个清单，这样我就不会遗漏任何东西。分析句子可知，这里考查宾语从句，从句中缺宾语，表示“什么”，所以应用连接代词what。故选D项。
13. All the peple paid mre attentin t the recnstructin f the hspital seriusly ______ in the terrible fire.
A. t damageB. damagingC. having damagedD. damaged
【答案】D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有人都更加关注在那场可怕的火灾中严重受损的医院的重建工作。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词hspital与damage之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故选D。
14. Jack, tgether with his parents, ______ t attend his brther’s graduatin ceremny the ther day.
A. were invitedB. was invitedC. have been invitedD. has been invited
【答案】B
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：前几天，杰克和他的父母一起被邀请去参加他哥哥的毕业典礼。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语the ther day可知应用一般过去时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，谓语和tgether with前的主语Jack保持一致，应用was invited，故选B。
15. —Bb, ______, but yur MP4 is t lud.
—Oh, I’m really srry. I’ll turn it dwn right nw.
A. I hate t sayB. it’s hard t sayC. yu are welcmeD. I have a prblem
【答案】A
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——鲍勃，我不想这么说，但你的 MP4 声音实在太大了。 ——噢，真的很抱歉。我现在就把它关掉。A. I hate t say我不想这么说；B. it’s hard t say很难说；C. yu are welcme没有关系；D. I have a prblem我有个问题。由下文“but yur MP4 is t lud”可知，此处表示“不想这么说、不得不说”，故选A。
第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31～50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Peple like t climb ver rcks, frzen waterfalls and huge snwy muntains. My favrite ____16____ f climbing is alpine (高山的) muntaineering, where I can ____17____ myself n the mst inspiring peaks in the Alps.
At age 25, I decided my next ____18____ was t climb Mnt Blanc. My friend Charley jined me fr this ____19____. After training fr six mnths, we ____20____ ur week-lng trip in the Alps. The way that we felt abut breaking thrugh all kinds f ____21____ made us hungry fr mre. It was a huge ____22____ game; althugh everything inside was screaming at us t ____23____, we had t keep ging.
Since then, I’ve climbed in the depths f all fur seasns. I’ve appreciated ____24____ shining in winter’s sunlight; it is as if a layer f diamnds ____25____ everything yu set yur eyes n. I’ve seen sunrise that takes my breath away and makes me ____26____ every mment f my climbing.
Once, when I was climbing a snwy muntain, I felt s cld that I culdn’t talk and feared ____27____ f my fingers. Suddenly, I fell ff the cliff while hanging nt the side f the muntain, which ____28____ me. Tears rlled dwn my face and I didn’t ____29____ hw I wuld find a way t ____30____. At that time, I wished that I had chsen a less ____31____ sprt. Hwever, I knew it was walking this tightrpe (钢丝) between endurance and imprvements in prblem-slving skills that kept me ____32____.
Climbing ____33____ us t see wh we can becme and helps us t build cnfidence and develp skills. ____34____, we can live ur lives in the ____35____ way we can imagine. This is why I lve climbing.
16. A. brandB. timeC. recrdD. type
17. A. hideB. persuadeC. challengeD. prtect
18. A. measureB. galC. prmiseD. belief
19. A. adventureB. vacatinC. perfrmanceD. experiment
20. A. ruinedB. startedC. cancelledD. extended
21. A. assumptinsB. expectatinsC. dubtsD. limits
22. A. fairB. clseC. mentalD. silent
23. A. fightB. helpC. succeedD. stp
24. A. waterB. snwC. dustD. fire
25. A. cversB. clearsC. addsD. equips
26. A. recallB. imagineC. valueD. emply
27. A. hldingB. takingC. mvementD. lss
28. A. definedB. scaredC. thrilledD. ashamed
29. A. knwB. believeC. realizeD. predict
30. A. quitB. existC. cntinueD. cmplain
31. A. persnalB. riskyC. impressiveD. ppular
32. A. mving nB. standing utC. breaking dwnD. turning up
33. A. cnvincesB. requiresC. frcesD. inspires
34. A. ThusB. InsteadC. OtherwiseD. Hwever
35. A. fastestB. easiestC. bestD. rarest
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者通过攀登阿尔卑斯山的感悟，即攀岩激励我们看到自己能成为什么样的人，并帮助我们建立信心和发展技能。
【16题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最喜欢的登山类型是高山登山，在那里我可以在阿尔卑斯山最鼓舞人心的山峰上挑战自己。A. brand品牌；B. time时间；C. recrd记录；D. type种类，类型。由上文“Peple like t climb ver rcks, frzen waterfalls and huge snwy muntains.”提出了几种不同类型的攀登可知，此处指作者最喜欢的攀登类型是高山登山。故选D。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最喜欢的登山类型是高山登山，在那里我可以在阿尔卑斯山最鼓舞人心的山峰上挑战自己。A. hide隐藏；B. persuade劝说；C. challenge挑战；D. prtect保护。由上文“alpine (高山的) muntaineering”可知，高山登山可以让作者挑战自己，故选C。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：25 岁时，我决定下一个目标是攀登勃朗峰。A. measure方法；B. gal目标；C. prmise承诺；D. belief信念。由下文“was t climb Mnt Blanc.”可知，作者下一个目标是攀登勃朗峰，故选B。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友查理和我一起参加了这次冒险。A. adventure冒险；B. vacatin假期；C. perfrmance表演；D. experiment实验。由上文“At age 25, I decided my next ______ was t climb Mnt Blanc.”可知，攀登勃朗峰是一次冒险活动，故选A。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过六个月的训练后，我们开始了为期一周的阿尔卑斯山之旅。A. ruined破坏；B. started开始；C. cancelled取消；D. extended延伸。由上文“After training fr six mnths”和下文“ur week-lng trip in the Alps.”可知，在训练后作者和朋友开始攀登阿尔卑斯山，故选B。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们对突破各种限制的感觉让我们渴望更多。A. assumptins假设；B. expectatins期望；C. dubts怀疑；D. limits限制。由上文“The way that we felt abut breaking thrugh all kinds f ”可知，突破各种限制的感觉激发人们想要探索更多的欲望，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一场巨大的心理游戏。尽管内心的一切都在尖叫着让我们停下来，但我们必须继续前进。A. fair公平的；B. clse亲密的；C. mental心理上的；D. silent沉默的。由上文“The way that we felt abut breaking thrugh all kinds f ______ made us hungry fr mre.”和下文“althugh everything inside”可知，突破各种限制的感觉激发人们想要探索更多的欲望，这是心理上的想法，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一场巨大的心理游戏。尽管内心的一切都在尖叫着让我们停下来，但我们必须继续前进。A. fight斗争；B. help帮助；C. succeed成功；D. stp阻止。由althugh可知，前后是转折关系，此处指内心的一切都在尖叫着让作者停下来，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我欣赏过冬日阳光下闪耀的雪花；就像一层钻石覆盖了你所看到的一切。A. water水；B. snw雪；C. dust灰尘；D. fire火。由下文“shining in winter’s sunlight”和“Once, when I was climbing a snwy muntain”可知，此处指冬日的雪花，故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我欣赏过冬日阳光下闪耀的雪花；就像一层钻石覆盖了你所看到的一切。A. cvers覆盖；B. clears清除；C. adds加入；D. equips配备。由下文“everything yu set yur eyes n”可知，此处指雪就像是钻石一样覆盖在你所看到的东西上，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我见过让我屏住呼吸的日出，让我珍惜攀登的每一刻。A. recall回想；B. imagine想象；C. value重视，珍惜；D. emply雇佣。由下文“every mment f my climbing.”可知，美丽的日出让作者很珍惜攀登的每一刻，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我爬雪山时，感觉冷得说不出话来，还害怕失去手指。A. hlding股份；B. taking取得，捕获，营业收入；C. mvement移动；D. lss损失，失去。由上文“I felt s cld that I culdn’t talk and feared”可知，作者爬雪山时很冷，所以怕冻掉自己的手指，即怕失去自己的手指，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我从悬崖上掉了下来，挂在山腰上了，这把我吓坏了。A. defined下定义；B. scared使害怕；C. thrilled使激动；D. ashamed使羞愧。由上文“Suddenly, I fell ff the cliff while hanging nt the side f the muntain”可知，作者突然从悬崖上掉了下来，挂在山腰上，这吓坏作者了，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：泪水从我的脸上滚落，我不知道如何才能继续下去。A. knw知道；B. believe相信；C. realize意识到；D. predict预测。由下文“hw I wuld find a way”可知，作者从悬崖上掉了下来，挂在山腰上后，不知道怎么办，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：泪水从我的脸上滚落，我不知道如何才能继续下去。A. quit停止；B. exist存在；C. cntinue继续；D. cmplain抱怨。上文提到作者从悬崖上掉了下来，挂在山腰上后，不知道该如何继续攀登山峰，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时，我希望自己选择了一项风险较小的运动。A. persnal个人的；B. risky冒险的；C. impressive印象深刻的；D. ppular流行的。作者在攀登喜马拉雅山，由此可知，这是一项有风险的运动，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，我知道正是这种在忍耐和提高解决问题能力之间的平衡让我不断前进。A. mving n继续进行；B. standing ut突出；C. breaking dwn坏掉；D. turning up出现。由上文“Hwever, I knew it was walking this tightrpe (钢丝) between endurance and imprvements in prblem-slving skills that kept me”可知，这种在忍耐和提高解决问题能力之间的平衡让作者不断前进。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：攀岩激励我们看到自己能成为什么样的人，并帮助我们建立信心和发展技能。A. cnvinces使信服；B. requires要求；C. frces强迫；D. inspires鼓励，激励。由下文“us t see wh we can becme and helps us t build cnfidence and develp skills.”可知，攀岩激励我们看到自己能成为什么样的人。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们可以按照我们能想象的最好的方式生活。A. Thus因此；B. Instead相反；C. Otherwise否则；D. Hwever然而。此处和上文是因果关系，即攀岩激励我们看到自己能成为什么样的人，并帮助我们建立信心和发展技能，所以我们可以按照我们能想象的最好的方式生活。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们可以按照我们能想象的最好的方式生活。A. fastest 最快的；easiest最简单的；C. best最好的；D. rarest最稀少的。由下文“way we can imagine”可知，我们能想象的当然是做好的生活方式，故选C。
第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Whether yur teenager is a part f an unhealthy cmmunity r desn’t have any cmmunity ties at all, helping them develp quality relatinships can be tugh. Here are a few things yu can d t help yur teen:
Build Their Cnfidence
The teenage years can be the hardest. While they may nt penly talk abut it with yu, yur child is dealing with hrmnes (荷尔蒙), changing peer grups, and big life events, while smetimes struggling with lw self-esteem. Unfrtunately, this can cause them t islate themselves and ignre the advice f their adult peers r rle mdels. The mre that yu can empwer yur teen t develp psitive behaviral and life skills, the mre cnfident they will be when they are a part f a cmmunity n their wn.
Mdel Cnflict (冲突) Reslutin
Accrding t prminent therapy mdels and practitiners, even the best f friends are ging t have fights, but nt every argument means the end f a friendship r cmmunity. Cnflict is a natural part f relatinships. Help them wrk n “fighting fair” and recgnizing when t take a break frm an argument t cl ff.
Particularly when it cmes t scial media, where misunderstandings are cmmn and cnflict can quickly get ut f cntrl, teach yur teen the value f saying “I think we’re bth really upset. Let’s talk abut this in persn tmrrw.” The best way t d this is t mdel healthy cnflict reslutin yurself.
Help Cnnect Them
Smetimes, yur child needs guidance (指导) when making psitive relatinships in their schl r scial grup. Encuraging them t get invlved in a sprt, hbby, after-schl club, r yuth grup can help tremendusly (巨大地) when it’s time fr them t build a cmmunity with like-minded peple. Engage in cmmunity service as a family. When they serve thers in their cmmunity, they will feel mre invested in the grup’s well-being and be mre pen t making cnnectins with thers.
Overall, helping yur child build cnnectins within a supprtive cmmunity has tremendus benefits. The need fr lve and belnging is part f ur basic needs as human beings. It prvides beneficial life skills fr teens.
36. Hw can parents d t help teenagers t build their cnfidence?
A. By ignring the advice f thers.B. By making them islate themselves.
C. By helping them develp psitive attitude.D. By penly having a talk with them.
37. T reslve the cnflict, the teens shuld ______.
A. turn t therapy mdels and practitinersB. have a fight with their best friend
C. cl when they are having an argumentD. find right way t deal with it themselves
38. What shuld teens d t cnnect themselves?
A. They shuld be engaged in activities in schl r cmmunity.
B. They shuld be with like-minded peple when in cmmunity.
C. They shuld invest in the cmmunity’s happiness.
D. They shuld be pen t all the peple in the wrld.
39. What can the cmmunity activities allw teenagers t d?
A. Play basket with thers in the after-schl activities.
B. D sme cleaning with peers fr the needed.
C. Raise mney with vlunteers fr the charity.
D. Imprve individual well-being by himself.
40. Where can yu find the passage pssibly?
A. A bk reviewB. A scientific magazine
C. A cmmunity leaflet.D. An advertisement.
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讨论了如何帮助青少年建立健康的人际关系，包括建立自信、解决冲突、提供社交指导等方面的建议。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Build Their Cnfidence部分中“The mre that yu can empwer yur teen t develp psitive behaviral and life skills, the mre cnfident they will be when they are a part f a cmmunity n their wn.(你越是能够帮助孩子培养积极的行为和生活技能，当他们独自融入某个社交圈子时，就会越自信)”可知，父母可以通过帮助他们培养积极的态度来帮助青少年建立自信。故选C。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Mdel Cnflict (冲突) Reslutin部分中“Help them wrk n “fighting fair” and recgnizing when t take a break frm an argument t cl ff.(帮助他们学会“公平争吵”，并明白何时该从争论中抽身冷静一下)”可知，青少年应该找到正确的方法来处理冲突，包括公平地争吵、在争吵时适时休战冷静下来，因此，青少年应该自己找到正确的方法来解决冲突。故选D。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Help Cnnect Them部分中“Encuraging them t get invlved in a sprt, hbby, after-schl club, r yuth grup can help tremendusly (巨大地) when it’s time fr them t build a cmmunity with like-minded peple. Engage in cmmunity service as a family.(鼓励他们参与一项运动、培养一种爱好、加入课外俱乐部或青年团体，这在他们与志同道合的人建立社交圈子时会有极大的帮助。全家人一起参与社区服务)”可知，鼓励青少年参与体育活动、爱好、课外俱乐部或青年团体，当他们需要与志同道合的人建立社区时，这将极大地帮助他们。因此，青少年应该参与学校或社区的活动来建立联系。故选A。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章Help Cnnect Them部分中“When they serve thers in their cmmunity, they will feel mre invested in the grup’s well-being and be mre pen t making cnnectins with thers.(当他们为所在社区的其他人服务时，会对这个群体的福祉更有归属感，也会更乐于与他人建立联系)”可知，当青少年为所在社区的其他人服务时，会对这个群体的福祉更有归属感，也会更乐于与他人建立联系。选项B“D sme cleaning with peers fr the needed(和同龄人一起为有需要的人进行清洁工作)”既体现了青少年参与社区活动，通过为有需要的人提供帮助，增强了他们对社区的责任感和归属感 ，又能在与同龄人合作的过程中提升人际交往等能力，符合文章中所描述的社区活动对青少年的积极作用。故选B。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章围绕帮助青少年在社区建立优质人际关系展开，与社区相关。社区传单往往会提供与社区居民相关的信息，如社区活动建议、如何促进社区成员发展等内容。由此可知，本文很有可能出现在社区传单上。故选C。
B
“Are yu all right?” the student, wh was 4 years behind me in the same Ph. D. prgram, asked as she passed me in the hallway. “I see yu spend s much time wrking, even at night.” The hallway encunter served as a reminder. Her cncern fr my well-being and unspken questin abut the expectatins placed upn her, made me realize I shuld have a different apprach.
When I was her age, I felt the pressure t becme a perfect student. And the lack f firm deadlines and clear expectatins in my prgram added t my anxieties and left me withut a clear path frward. S I instead lked arund t get an idea f hw I culd fit in and impress my clleagues. I nticed that mst f the peple arund me seemed t be wrking all the time. I began t spend many weekday nights and weekends in the lab.
Hwever, at the end f the first year, my strategy failed and I crashed frm burnut, which tk a tll n my prductivity and mtivatin. During ne f many mindless Sundays in the ffice, I realized I’d fallen int my self-impsed (自己强加的) trap. Frm then n, I stpped cunting my wrk hurs and spared time fr exercise and activities I enjyed. This shift had a significant impact. I fund myself mre energetic and mtivated when I returned t wrk. And my newfund psitive apprach allwed me t recgnize my unique cntributins t my research, leading t a bst in cnfidence.
I cntinued quietly alng this path fr years until that hallway cnversatin. The student was making the same mistake I did at her stage. S when I ran int her again weeks later, I shared that despite the pressure f my final Ph. D. year, I priritized my mental and physical health and avided wrking vertime. It felt deeply rewarding t set a psitive example fr my clleagues and actively challenge the widespread wrkahlic (工作狂) culture arund me.
41. What might be the student’s unspken questin accrding t the text?
A. If the authr was in gd health.
B. If she shuld wrk as much as thers.
C. Hw she set firm deadlines fr her wrk.
D. What she culd expect frm the Ph. D. prgram.
42. What strategy did the authr initially adpt t fit in?
A. Creating a flexible study schedule.
B. Seeking guidance frm prfessrs.
C. Cpying the wrk habits f clleagues.
D. Fcusing n persnal interests utside f wrk.
43. What des the underlined phrase “tk a tll n” in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Had a bad effect n.B. Tk advantage f.
C. Made rm fr.D. Ran ut f.
44. What advice might the authr give t the female student?
A. Where there is a will, there is a way.
B. Gd helps thse wh help themselves.
C. All wrk and n play makes Jack a dull by.
D. When life gives yu lemns, make lemnade.
45. Which f the fllwing can be the best title f the text?
A. Finding the right career path in life
B. The hidden csts f verwhelming pressure
C. Breaking free frm the wrkahlic trap in academia
D. Tips fr imprving prductivity as a Ph. D. student
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. C 45. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述作者个人在攻读博士学位过程中的经历，引出了关于工作压力、健康平衡以及积极生活态度的重要性等议题。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段““Are yu all right?” the student, wh was 4 years behind me in the same Ph. D. prgram, asked as she passed me in the hallway. “I see yu spend s much time wrking, even at night.” The hallway encunter served as a reminder. Her cncern fr my well-being and unspken questin abut the expectatins placed upn her, made me realize I shuld have a different apprach.(“你还好吗？”同读博士项目，但比我低四届的一位同学在走廊上与我擦肩而过时问道，“我看你花这么多时间工作，甚至晚上还在忙。”这次走廊上的偶遇给我提了个醒。她对我健康状况的关心，以及她未说出口却关乎自身所面临期望的疑问，让我意识到我应该换一种方式)”以及第二段“S I instead lked arund t get an idea f hw I culd fit in and impress my clleagues. I nticed that mst f the peple arund me seemed t be wrking all the time. I began t spend many weekday nights and weekends in the lab.(于是，我转而观察周围，想知道怎样才能融入其中并给同事们留下好印象。我注意到身边大多数人似乎一直在工作。于是，我开始在工作日的许多夜晚以及周末泡在实验室里)”可推测，作者回忆自己在学生这个年纪时，看到周围人一直工作，就觉得自己也应该如此，而现在这个学生看到作者一直工作，同样会有是否也该像作者（其他人）一样花大量时间工作的疑问，故学生未说出口的问题可能是她是否应该像其他人一样努力地工作。故选B。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“S I instead lked arund t get an idea f hw I culd fit in and impress my clleagues. I nticed that mst f the peple arund me seemed t be wrking all the time. I began t spend many weekday nights and weekends in the lab.(于是，我转而观察周围，想知道怎样才能融入其中并给同事们留下好印象。我注意到身边大多数人似乎一直在工作。于是，我开始在工作日的许多夜晚以及周末泡在实验室里)”可知，作者看到周围的同事似乎一直都在工作，随后自己也开始在工作日的晚上及周末泡在实验室，这清晰地表明作者最初采取的融入策略是模仿同事的工作习惯。故选C。
【43题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线短语上文“Hwever, at the end f the first year, my strategy failed and I crashed frm burnut(我的策略失败了，我因过度劳累而崩溃)”可推测，这种过度工作的情况对作者的“prductivity and mtivatin(生产力和积极性)”产生了不好的影响。选项A“Had a bad effect n”意为“对……有不良影响”，符合语境。故选A。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“S when I ran int her again weeks later, I shared that despite the pressure f my final Ph. D. year, I priritized my mental and physical health and avided wrking vertime. It felt deeply rewarding t set a psitive example fr my clleagues and actively challenge the widespread wrkahlic (工作狂) culture arund me.(所以，几周后我再次遇到她时，我告诉她，尽管我在博士最后一年压力很大，但我依然优先考虑自己的身心健康，避免加班。能为同事们树立一个积极的榜样，并积极挑战身边普遍存在的工作狂文化，这让我深感欣慰)”可知，作者起初过度工作，导致崩溃，后来改变方式，注重身心健康，工作状态反而更好。所以作者很可能会告诫这位女同学不要只知道工作，要注意劳逸结合。选项C“All wrk and n play makes Jack a dull by(只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻)”即要劳逸结合，不能只知道工作，很好地体现了作者自身的经历教训。故选C。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者在博士项目中，因受周围环境影响，起初陷入工作狂状态，后来意识到问题并做出改变，成功摆脱这种状态，同时还想帮助那位女同学避免同样错误。选项C“Breaking free frm the wrkahlic trap in academia(摆脱学术界的工作狂陷阱)”准确概括了文章内容，是文章的最佳标题。故选C。
C
Sy (大豆) is fund in almst everything we eat — frm the vegetable il in stre-bught fd t the cating n the utside f apples, and s n. While it may seem like humans chse the sybean, it was arguably the sybean that chse peple. Sybeans have a unique inbrn quality. The green plant grws anywhere frm three t five feet tall and prduces arund 100 beans per plant. Sy can survive everywhere frm the extremely tugh fur seasns f Manitba, Canada, t the grassland f Mpumalanga, Suth Africa.
Sy was likely dmesticated (驯化) in China abut 6,000 t 9,000 years ag frm its wild relative. Ancient Chinese medical herbalists described using all parts f the plant as medicine. Sybeans first arrived in the United States in the 18th century. At that time, they were initially planted t be sent t England t meet rising demands fr sy sauce, which was becming a trend in British cuisine. It wuld nt be lng, thugh, befre Americans fund anther use fr the bean. During the Civil War, rasted sybeans were used as cffee replacements.
Sn, sybeans wuld becme a primary cmpnent in the diets f nn-human creatures, t. In the U. S., fr example, chickens eat the mst sy, fllwed by pigs, cws, and fish. These animals eat ver 70 percent f all sybeans grwn in the U. S.
Sybeans als demnstrated transfrmative pwer elsewhere. Henry Frd, the influential inventr f the Mdel T car, firmly claimed the cmmnly seen sybean was nt cmmn at all. He even made huse paint and sap fr cars frm sybean il. He turned the bean itself int car parts and light switches.
Nwadays, almst all sybeans grwn in the U. S. are genetically mdified (GM). Such plants are resistant t weed killers and can grw well in tugh cnditins. Hwever, genetic mdificatin als means that massive quantities f sybeans can be planted in regins f the wrld, like the Amazn rainfrest, where they are replacing the trees that nce std there.
In 2023, plicies intrduced in Suth America began slwing rates f defrestatin (毁林) in the Amazn. Still, Brazil is by far the largest exprter f sybeans.
46. Which feature f sybeans des the authr mainly highlight at the beginning f the text?
A. Their histrical significance in agriculture
B. Their great adaptability t the envirnment
C. Their nutritinal benefits fr human health
D. Their use in varius fd prducts and cuisines
47. Fr what purpse were sybeans grwn in America at first?
A. Exprt.B. Animal feed.
C. Medical treatment.D. Primary fd surces.
48. What belief related t sybeans did Henry Frd hld?
A. They shuld be emplyed in traditinal recipes.
B. They were primarily a fd surce fr humans.
C. They imprved peple’s sense f well-being.
D. They had great ptential in industrial fields.
49. What can be inferred abut the impact f the planting f GM sybeans?
A. It has reduced the quality f sybeans.
B. It has led t the randm use f weed killers.
C. It has disturbed the glbal demand fr sybeans.
D. It has caused serius envirnmental cnsequences.
50. What is the best title fr the text?
A. The develpment f GM sybeans
B. Hw GM sybeans came int the market
C. Hw the sybean tk ver the wrld
D. The jurney f sybeans frm China t the US
【答案】46. B 47. A 48. D 49. D 50. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大豆的起源以及传播。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sy can survive everywhere frm the extremely tugh fur seasns f Manitba, Canada, t the grassland f Mpumalanga, Suth Africa.(从加拿大马尼托巴省极其艰难的四个季节到南非普马兰加省的草原，大豆可以在任何地方生存。)”可知，作者在文首主要强调了大豆的对环境的巨大适应性这一特点，故选B。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sybeans first arrived in the United States in the 18th century. At that time, they were initially planted t be sent t England t meet rising demands fr sy sauce, which was becming a trend in British cuisine. (大豆于18世纪首次抵达美国。当时，它们最初被种植到英国，以满足日益增长的酱油需求，酱油正在成为英国美食的一种趋势。)”可知，美国最初种植大豆的目的是为了出口。故选A。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Henry Frd, the influential inventr f the Mdel T car, firmly claimed the cmmnly seen sybean was nt cmmn at all. He even made huse paint and sap fr cars frm sybean il. He turned the bean itself int car parts and light switches.(T 型汽车的颇具影响力的发明者亨利·福特坚定地声称，常见的大豆根本不同寻常。他甚至用大豆油制作房屋油漆和汽车肥皂。他将豆子本身变成了汽车零件和电灯开关)”可推知，Henry Frd认为大豆在工业领域具有巨大的潜力。故选D。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Hwever, genetic mdificatin als means that massive quantities f sybeans can be planted in regins f the wrld, like the Amazn rainfrest, where they are replacing the trees that nce std there.(然而，基因改造也意味着世界各地可以种植大量大豆，例如亚马逊雨林，它们正在取代那里曾经矗立的树木)”和最后一段中“In 2023, plicies intrduced in Suth America began slwing rates f defrestatin (毁林) in the Amazn.(2023年，南美洲出台的政策开始减缓亚马逊地区的毁林速度)”可推知，种植转基因大豆引起了严重的环境问题——毁坏森林，故选D。
【50题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Sy (大豆) is fund in almst everything we eat — frm the vegetable il in stre-bught fd t the cating n the utside f apples, and s n.(我们吃的几乎所有食物中都含有大豆——从商店购买的食物中的植物油到苹果外面的涂层等等)”可知，文章主要介绍了大豆的起源以及传播，C项“大豆如何占领世界”适合作文章标题，故选C。
D
Increase yur prductivity. This is hw ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence (AI) tl frm OpenAI, attracts its users. Hwever, althugh the technlgy will imprve efficiency (效率) at wrk, nt everyne embraces it.
Accrding t a reprt by the Wrld Ecnmic Frum published in April, 59 percent f men aged 18 t 65 arund the wrld use AI at least nce a week, cmpared t 51 percent f wmen. The gender (性别) gap is even wider amng yunger peple: 71 percent f men aged 18 t 24 use AI weekly, cmpared with 59 percent f wmen. Why are wmen less pen t AI than men? Accrding t AI expert Jdie Ck, this gap reflects there are less wmen in STEM fields (science, technlgy, engineering and mathematics). “STEM fields have traditinally been led by males. Currently, the pattern in the use f AI tls appears t mirrr this difference,” Ck tld the BBC.
Certain patterns in female thinking might als play a rle. In a survey f 486 students, divided by academic perfrmance, researchers fund that high-perfrming female students were mre likely t use ChatGPT nly when it had been allwed by their prfessr. “It’s the ‘gd girl’ thing. It’s this idea that I have t g thrugh this pain, I have t d it n my wn, and I shuldn’t cheat r take shrtcuts,” Siri Isakssn, a researcher f the study, explained t the Ecnmist. Wmen’s reluctance (不情愿) may als cme frm fears abut hw thers view their abilities. British psychlgist Lee Chambers suggests that the fear f being seen as less ability culd add t this way f thinking.
“There culd be this feeling that if peple knw that yu, as a wman, use AI, it’s suggesting that yu might nt be as qualified as yu are,” he explained.
Fr sme experts, wmen’s reluctance t use AI is trubling, as it culd lead t technlgy being designed mre fr men by the time AI becmes a fully accepted part f sciety. Others, hwever, are less alarmed. Danielle Li, a prfessr at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy, pints ut that AI may right nw act mre as a “digital ty”, and high-achieving wmen may simply be better at aviding distractins.
51. What des the gender gap in AI usage reflect, accrding t Jdie Ck?
A. Men are mre creative with AI tls.
B. Men and wmen learn differently.
C. There are fewer wmen in STEM fields.
D. Wmen are naturally less interested in technlgy.
52. What did Siri Isakssn find abut the attitude f high-perfrming female students tward ChatGPT?
A. They dn’t trust it.B. They prefer using it with apprval.
C. They cnsider it a waste f time.D. They believe it encurages laziness.
53. Why d sme wmen hesitate t use AI, accrding t Lee Chambers?
A. They find AI distracting.B. They wrry abut appearing less capable.
C. They fear being seen as lazy nes.D. They lack cnfidence in their tech skills.
54. What cncern d sme experts have abut wmen’s reluctance t use AI?
A. It culd reduce the effectiveness f AI.
B. It culd lead t fewer jb pprtunity fr wmen.
C. It culd make technlgy mre fcus n males.
D. It culd slw wmen’s prgress in their careers.
55. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. Wmen are less likely than men t use AI.
B. AI can imprve the efficiency f wrking.
C. Wmen are less qualified t use AI.
D. Using AI can lead t distractin.
【答案】51. C 52. B 53. B 54. C 55. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能工具ChatGPT在提高生产力方面的作用，以及女性相较于男性在使用AI工具上的不积极态度及其可能的原因。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Accrding t AI expert Jdie Ck, this gap reflects there are less wmen in STEM fields (science, technlgy, engineering and mathematics).(人工智能专家Jdie Ck表示，这种差距反映出在STEM领域（科学、技术、工程和数学）工作的女性数量较少)”可知，Jdie Ck认为这种差距反映出在STEM领域工作的女性数量较少。故选C。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Certain patterns in female thinking might als play a rle. In a survey f 486 students, divided by academic perfrmance, researchers fund that high-perfrming female students were mre likely t use ChatGPT nly when it had been allwed by their prfessr. “It’s the ‘gd girl’ thing. It’s this idea that I have t g thrugh this pain, I have t d it n my wn, and I shuldn’t cheat r take shrtcuts,” Siri Isakssn, a researcher f the study, explained t the Ecnmist.(女性特定的思维模式可能也起到了一定作用。在一项针对486名学生（按学业成绩划分）的调查中，研究人员发现，成绩优异的女学生更倾向于只有在教授允许的情况下才使用ChatGPT。“这有点像‘乖乖女的心态。就是觉得我必须经历这个过程，必须靠自己完成，我不应该作弊或走捷径。”该研究的研究员Siri Isakssn在接受《经济学人》采访时解释道)”可知，成绩优异的女学生更倾向于在得到教授允许的情况下使用ChatGPT，即她们更喜欢在获得批准后使用。故选B。
【53题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“British psychlgist Lee Chambers suggests that the fear f being seen as less ability culd add t this way f thinking.(英国心理学家Lee Chambers认为，害怕被视为能力不足可能加剧了这种思维方式)”以及第四段““There culd be this feeling that if peple knw that yu, as a wman, use AI, it’s suggesting that yu might nt be as qualified as yu are,” he explained.(“可能存在这样一种感觉，即如果人们知道作为女性的你使用了人工智能，就会觉得你的能力或许没有那么强，”他解释道)”可知，Lee Chambers认为女性犹豫使用 AI 是因为担心被视为能力不足。故选B。
【54题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Fr sme experts, wmen’s reluctance t use AI is trubling, as it culd lead t technlgy being designed mre fr men by the time AI becmes a fully accepted part f sciety.(对一些专家而言，女性不愿使用人工智能这一现象令人担忧，因为这可能导致在人工智能完全融入社会时，其设计会更偏向男性)”可知，一些专家担心女性不愿使用AI会导致当AI完全融入社会时，技术设计会更偏向男性。故选C。
【55题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Accrding t a reprt by the Wrld Ecnmic Frum published in April, 59 percent f men aged 18 t 65 arund the wrld use AI at least nce a week, cmpared t 51 percent f wmen.(世界经济论坛 4月份发布的一份报告显示，全球18至65岁的人群中，59%的男性每周至少使用一次人工智能，而女性这一比例为51%)”以及全文内容可知，文章开篇引出AI工具，接着通过数据表明女性使用AI的比例低于男性，然后从多个方面分析了女性对AI接受度低于男性的原因，如STEM领域女性数量少、女性思维模式以及对自身能力看法的担忧等，最后提到专家对女性不愿使用AI现象的不同看法，整体围绕 “女性比男性使用AI的可能性更低”这一主题展开。故选A。
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题(共35分)
第三部分：写作
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Flrence Chia-ying Yeh, als knwn as Ye Jiaying, was a well-knwn expert in Chinese classical literature. On Nv 24, she passed away in Tianjin at the age f 100.
Yeh learned classical petry and English frm a yung age. In cllege, she fcused n petry frm the Tang (618-907) and Sng (960-1279) dynasties. After graduating, she taught at several universities in China and abrad.
Yeh faced many struggles in her life. She lst her mther at the age f 17 and her eldest daughter passed away when Yeh was in middle age. “The study f petry is nt a gal that I pursue (追求), but a strength that supprts me thrugh difficulties,” she wrte at age 87.
She ften saw petry thrugh the viewpint f her wn life experiences, including the War f Resistance Against Japanese Aggressin (1931-45). She admired the Suthern Sng Dynasty (1127-1279) pet Xin Qiji (1140-1207) fr his determinatin, nting hw he never gave up n getting back his hme even during the hardest times.
What’s mre, Ye Jiaying is passinate abut teaching petry. She has traveled arund the wrld t share the charm f classical Chinese petry, making it accessible t peple frm different backgrunds. Her vivid lectures have kindled a lve fr petry in the hearts f cuntless students and enthusiasts.
Even in her 90s, Yeh cntinued teaching t share Chinese petry with as many peple as pssible. At the age f 92, she chse 218 ancient pems fr children and recrded vides f her interpretatins (解读) and readings the fllwing year.
As Yeh nce said, devting herself t creating, researching and teaching Chinese petry bth in China and abrad was her nly missin in life.
56. What was Yeh devted t in cllege? (N mre than 10 wrds)
_________________________________________________________________
57. What des Yeh think f studying petry? (N mre than 10 wrds)
_________________________________________________________________
58. Why did Yeh prefer the pem by Xin Qiji in the Suthern Sng Dynasty? (N mre than 15 wrds)
_________________________________________________________________
59. What des the underlined wrd in paragraph 5 mean? (N mre than ne wrd)
_________________________________________________________________
60. What can yu learn frm the stry f Flrence Chia-ying Yeh? (N mre than 20 wrds)
_________________________________________________________________
【答案】56. She fcused n petry frm the Tang and Sng dynasties.
57. A strength that supprts her thrugh diffculties.
58. Because she admired his determinatin f never giving up even during the hardest times./Because she admired his determinatin.
59. Stimulated/Inspired./Encuraged.
60. I can learn t be passinate and perseverant frm her stry.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国古典文学专家叶嘉莹逝世的消息，并介绍了她的生平事迹，包括她的学习经历、人生遭遇、对诗歌的独特见解、对教学的热情以及她为推动中国古典诗歌传播所做的努力。
【56题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“In cllege, she fcused n petry frm the Tang (618-907) and Sng (960-1279) dynasties.(在大学期间，她专注于研究唐宋(公元618-907年；公元960-1279 年)诗词。)”可知，她在大学期间专心研究唐宋诗词。故答案为：She fcused n petry frm the Tang and Sng dynasties。
【57题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第三段““The study f petry is nt a gal that I pursue (追求), but a strength that supprts me thrugh difficulties,” she wrte at age 87.(“诗词研究并非我刻意追求的目标，而是支撑我走过艰难岁月的力量。”她在87岁时写道。)”可知，她认为诗词是支撑她度过艰难岁月的力量。故答案为：A strength that supprts her thrugh difficulties。
【58题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“She admired the Suthern Sng Dynasty (1127-1279) pet Xin Qiji (1140-1207) fr his determinatin, nting hw he never gave up n getting back his hme even during the hardest times.(她钦佩南宋（1127-1279年）词人辛弃疾（1140-1207年）的坚毅，强调辛弃疾即便在最艰难的时期，也从未放弃收复故土。)”可知，她喜欢辛弃疾是因为她钦佩辛弃疾即便在最艰难的时期也从未放弃的决心。故答案为：Because she admired his determinatin f never giving up even during the hardest times./Because she admired his determinatin。
【59题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据划线单词上文“She has traveled arund the wrld t share the charm f classical Chinese petry, making it accessible t peple frm different backgrunds.(她周游世界，传播中国古典诗词的魅力，让不同背景的人都能领略其美。)”可知，她想让不同背景的人都能领略到诗词之美。再根据所在句“Her vivid lectures have kindled a lve fr petry in the hearts f cuntless students and enthusiasts.(她生动的讲座kindled无数学生和诗歌爱好者对诗歌的热爱。)”可知，此句表达的意思是“她生动的讲座激发无数学生和诗歌爱好者对诗歌的热爱”，划线单词kindled的意思和“激发、激起”意思相近。故答案为Stimulated./Inspired./Encuraged。
【60题详解】
开放题。要求考生谈谈从叶嘉莹身上学到什么精神，考生言之有理即可。从文中可知叶嘉莹对诗歌的热爱，一生致力于中国诗歌的传播和教学，在她90多岁的时候仍然继续教学，从她的故事中我学会热情和坚持。故参考答案为：I can learn t be passinate and perseverant frm her stry。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
61. 假定你是李津。寒假即将到来，你的外国笔友Chris想了解你的假期计划。请你给他写一封邮件，谈谈你将如何利用寒假来提升自己。请根据以下提示回复邮件：
(1)写信目的；
(2)你的具体提升计划；
(3)你的期望。
注意：
(1)词数不少于100；
(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
(3)开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
Happy t hear frm yu.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yurs;
Li Jin
【参考范文】
Dear Chris,
Happy t hear frm yu. Knwing that yu are interested in my hliday plan, I’m writing t share my plan fr self-imprvement.
With the winter hliday arund the crner, I’m eager t make the mst f it t enhance myself. Firstly, I plan t read tw classic English nvels. This will nt nly imprve my language skills but als expand my cultural hrizns. Additinally, I’Il take an nline curse in graphic design. By learning new sftware and design principles, I can cultivate my creativity and practical ability. Mst imprtantly, I’ll get up early every day t jg fr half an hur, which is beneficial t my physical and mental health.
Thrugh this hliday plan, I’m sure I’ll becme a better versin f myself.
I’m lking frward t yur reply and hpe t learn mre abut yur latest develpment.
Sincerely yurs,
Lijin