闽粤皖京甘豫2024届高考英语一轮复习学案选择性必修第一册Unit3Conservation北师大版

这是一份闽粤皖京甘豫2024届高考英语一轮复习学案选择性必修第一册Unit3Conservation北师大版，共15页。

Ⅰ.认阅读单词
1．item n．一项，一条
2．rhin n．犀牛
3．hrn n．(牛、羊等头上的)角
4．asterid n．小行星
5．hatch vi.&vt.(使)孵化
6．packet n．小包，小盒
7．packaging n．包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料
8．ccnut n．椰子
9．shell n．壳；贝壳
10．innvative adj.新颖的，创新的，革新的
11．refillable adj.可再填充的
12．bin n．垃圾箱
13．cartn n．硬纸盒；塑料盒
14．cutlery n．餐具
15．cuncil n．委员会；理事会
16．radwrks n．道路施工
17．rganic adj.不使用化肥的，有机的，绿色的
18．institute n．机构；研究院
19．pultry n．家禽肉，家禽
20．cmmittee n．委员会
21．temple n．庙宇，寺院
22．Cnfucius孔子
23．memrial n．纪念馆；纪念碑adj.(对逝者)纪念的，追悼的
24．carve vt.雕，刻
25．typhn n．台风
26．Atlantic adj.大西洋的
Ⅱ.记重点单词
1．plastic adj.塑料制的
2．threat n．威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能
3．switch vi.&vt.转换，改变
4．incredibly adv.非常地，极端地
5．species n．物种，种
6．mass adj.大量的
7．decrease vi.&vt.减少 n．减少；减少的量
8．blame vt.责怪，指责
9．affect vt.影响
10．slar adj.太阳光(能)的
11．restre vt.(使)恢复
12．wrap vt.包，裹
13．transprtatin n．交通运输系统，运输方式
14．swallw vi.&vt.吞下，咽下
15．chpsticks n．筷子
16．jam n．拥挤，堵塞；果酱
17．decade n．十年，十年期
18．gas n．气，气体
19．cancer n．癌症
20．essay n．论说文；散文
21．invlve vt.包含；需要
22．billin n．十亿
23．instance n．例子，实例
24．claim vt.声称；断言；主张 n．声称；(根据权力而提出的)要求
25．drug n．药物，药材；毒品
26．sum vt.概括，总结n.金额，款项；总数
27．valley n．谷，山谷
28．thunderstrm n．雷暴
29．agricultural adj.农业的
Ⅲ.知拓展单词
1．cnservatin n．保护→cnserve vt.保护；节约→cnservative adj.保守的；守旧的
2．destry vt.破坏；毁掉→destructin n．破坏；毁坏
3．mining n．采矿业→mine n．矿；矿井→miner n．矿工
4．recycle vi.&vt.再利用，回收利用→recyclable adj.可回收利用的；可再循环的→unrecyclable adj.不可回收的
5．infrmative adj.有教育意义的；知识性强的→infrm v．通知→infrmatin n．信息
6.illegally adv.非法地，违法地→illegal adj.非法的，违法的→legally adv.合法地→legal adj.合法的
7．hunt vi.&vt.猎取，猎杀→hunting n．打猎→hunter n．猎人
8．extinct adj.灭绝的，绝种的→extinctin n．灭绝
9．urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的→urgently adv.迫切地；急切地→urgency n．紧急情况
10．unusual adj.异常的；不平常的→unusually adv.不寻常地→usual adj.平常的→usually adv.通常地
11．varied adj.形形色色的→vary v．变化→varius adj.各种各样的→variety n．种类
12．endangered adj.濒危的→endanger v．使面临危险；危及；危害→danger n．危险→dangerus adj.危险的
13．cnsumer n．消费者→cnsume v．消费；消耗；吃，喝→cnsumptin n．消费；消耗
14．wasteful adj.浪费的；挥霍的→waste v．&n．浪费
15．dirt n．灰尘，尘土→dirty adj.脏的
16．realistic adj.现实的，实际的→real adj.真的；真实的→really adv.真正地；确实地→reality n．真实；现实→realize vt.实现；认识到
17．aware adj.意识到的，明白的→awareness n．意识→unaware adj.不知道的；未察觉到的
18．cllectin n．收集；收藏品；专辑→cllect v．收集；收藏
19．anxius adj.焦虑的，不安的→anxiety n．焦虑
20．reusable adj.可再使用的，可重复使用的→reuse v．再使用，重复使用
21．stuck adj.卡住的，无法移动的→stick v．将……刺入(或插入)；刺
22．annyed adj.烦恼的，生气的→anny vt.使……不悦；惹恼→annying adj.使人烦恼的→annyance n．生气；令人烦恼的事物
23．anger n．愤怒；怒气→angry adj.生气的；愤怒的→angrily adv.气愤地；愤怒地
24．relate vi.相联系，有关联→related adj.相联系的→relatin n．联系，关联
25．regular adj.定期的，有规律的→regularly adv.有规律地→irregular adj.无规律的
26．suit vt.适合 n．套装→suitable adj.适合的
27．ppnent n．对手；反对者→ppse v．反对→ppsed adj.反对的；截然不同的
28．cruel adj.残忍的→cruelly adv.残忍地；残酷地→cruelty n．残忍
29．chemical adj.化学的 n．化学品→chemistry n．化学→chemist n．化学家；药剂师
30．scenic adj.景色优美的→scene n．地点，现场；场面→scenery n．风景
31．histric adj.古老的；历史上重要的→histry n．历史→histrian n．历史学家
1．exprt n．&vt.出口
2．expse vt.揭露；暴露
3．extrardinary adj.非凡的；卓越的
4．extremely adv.极其；非常
5．eyewitness n．目击证人
6．feature n．特征；特色
7．fictin n．小说；虚构，编造
8．fierce adj.猛烈的；凶猛的
9．flee vi.逃走；逃跑
10．flexible adj.灵活的；柔韧的；易弯曲的
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．die ut消失；绝迹，灭绝
2．wipe ut彻底毁灭
3．be t blame把……归咎于
4．be at risk处境危险，受到威胁
5．traffic jam交通堵塞
6．stressed ut焦虑的
7．be related t与……有关联
8．fr instance例如
9．sum up概括，总结
10．have a rle起某种作用
11．d ne’s part 尽自己的职责
12．set ut开始做某事，着手进行
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．Althugh it is nt unusual fr species t die ut naturally，the rate at which this is nw happening is cause fr cncern.(It is nt unusual fr sb t d...)
虽然物种的自然灭绝并不罕见，但现在灭绝的速度让人担忧。
2．They fund that human activity is causing species t die ut 1,000 times faster than nrmal.(倍数表达法)
他们发现人类活动导致物种灭亡的速度比正常情况快1 000倍。
3．Withut frests，we wuld have n air t breathe，and withut clean water we wuld be unable t survive.(withut 引导含蓄虚拟语气)
没有森林，我们就不能呼吸空气；没有干净的水，我们将无法生存。
4．This mrning，it tk me 40 minutes t g dwntwn.(It takes sb sme time t d...)
今天早上，我花了40分钟去市中心。
5．Hw ften d we arrive at wrk r schl，stressed ut，tired and angry？(形容词作状语)
又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁？
6．Up t 90 peple can travel in ne bus，while the same number will need at least 18 cars.(while连接并列句)
一辆公共汽车最多可以乘坐90人，而乘坐小轿车这些人至少需要18辆车。
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。
eq \x(switch，extinctin，aware，anxius，endanger，destry，chemical)
It’s said that dinsaurs died ut because f a natural disaster.But nw，many species are 1.__________ r even extinct just because humans d varied harm t them.Fr instance，tigers are being illegally hunted in an incredibly cruel way fr their fur while rhins，fr their hrns.Besides，we 2.______________________ their habitats by cutting dwn trees，thrwing away unrecyclable plastic rubbish everywhere and discharging plluted water that cntains pisnus 3.________ int rivers.
It is human activities that are t blame fr the mass ，we shuld be 5.____________ f the fact that withut the species n which we depend fr ur survival，we wuld be als at risk.Many 6.____________ envirnmentalists write infrmative and innvative essays t educate peple t g green.Cnservatin measures invlve 7.__________ t slar energy，stpping using thrwaway cartns r chpsticks that can nt be recycled，and taking public transprtatin n a regular basis t and frm wrk.T sum up，everybdy has a rle t play in prtecting ur planet and if we all set ut t d ur part，the harmnius wrld will be restred.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
switch n．(电路的)开关v．改变，转变
(应用文写作之口头通知) 请注意！ 我们将从火车转乘有轨电车到省博物馆。到达目的地后，请确保所有手机处于关机状态。打开手机会影响我们访问。
Attentin, please! We will ________________________________________________________ t reach the prvincial museum.Upn reaching the destinatin, please make sure all mbile phnes ____________________________________.________________________ will influence ur visit.
decreasevi.& vt.减少n.减少；减少的量
(1)T sum up， the number f new students decreased ____________ 210 ____________ 160.That is t say, the number decreased ____________ 24%.
(2)We have been aware that it is because f varied human activities that the number f cean animals ______________________________ (正在下降)．S there is an urgent need t switch ur wrngding s that their number ________________________________(将会逐渐增加)．
(2022·全国甲，书面表达)
blame v．把……归咎于，责怪n．(坏事或错事的)责任；指责；过失
(1)We human beings are suppsed t take the blame ____________ extinct r endangeredspecies，s we must d ur part in wildlife cnservatin.
(2)(话题写作之人际交往)当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是因错误而指责其他人。毕竟，很多时候我们也应该受到责备。因此，我们应该多交流、换位思考，而不仅仅是把错误归咎于其他人。
When getting alng with thers，we shuldn’t always ______________________________.After all，many times ________________________________________________________.S instead f ________________________________________________________________________________________________________，we shuld cmmunicate mre and put urselves in thers’ place.
annyed adj.恼怒的；生气的(anny vt.使恼怒；打扰；使烦恼；使生气annying adj.令人生气的annyance n．恼怒)
(1)I was annyed ____________ him ____________ his annying rude table manners.
(2)最使我生气的是我被分配和一位非常严肃的家伙一起工作，他总是穿着黑色衣服，还总是对其他人的工作不满意。(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)
①____________________________________， I was assigned t wrk with an extremely serius guy wh always wre dark clthes and was always nt satisfied with thers’ wrk.(annyance)
②________________________________________________ I was assigned t wrk with an extremely serius guy wh always wre dark clthes and was always nt satisfied with thers’ wrk.(what引导的主语从句)
stressed ut疲惫不堪；焦虑不安(stressed adj.焦虑不安的 stress n．压力vt.强调 stressful adj.压力重的；紧张的)
(1)Facing such ____________ (stress) wrk, I am s anxius that I feel like sitting n pins and needles.
(2)(应用文写作之求助信)每次我有压力或者焦虑不安时，我都会毫不犹豫地向我的父母求助。
________________________________________________________________________，I will turn t my parents fr help withut hesitatin.
(3)我怎么强调海洋保护的重要性都不为过。(2022·全国甲，书面表达)
①I can’t _________________________________________________________________ cean cnservatin t much.(stress n．)
②I can’t _________________________________________________________________ cean cnservatin t much.(stress vt.)
relate v．涉及；使联系(related adj.有关的；相关的relatin n．关系；联系；亲属)
(1)It is claimed that the “new fur great inventins” are all related ____________ China’s high-tech innvatins.
(2)(记叙文之写人)我们的班主任不仅能理解我们学生，而且他还能不断地将我们正在学习的东西与现实世界联系起来。
Nt nly can ur head teacher ________________________________________________ but als he can cnstantly ________________________________________________________________.
(3)(应用文写作之申请信)由于有丰富的相关经验，我深信我会非常胜任这个职位。
___________________________________________________________________________，I am greatly cnvinced that I will be incredibly qualified fr the psitin.
suit vt.适合n.套装(suitable adj.合适的；适用的)
(1)(应用文写作之申请信)I d believe I am suitable ____________ this vluntary wrk，because I have a gd knwledge f English.
＝I d believe I am suitable __________________(d) this vluntary wrk，because I have a gd knwledge f English.
(2)如果以上安排不符合您的需求，请毫不犹豫地告知我，以便我为您量身定制相关项目。
If the abve arrangements dn’t ____________________________________，please infrm me withut hesitatin s that I can ________________________________________________.
用法点拨 suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、款式等；fit多指大小、形状等合适；match多指色调、形状、性质等搭配。
wipe ut彻底毁灭，消灭
用“动词＋ut”短语的适当形式填空
(1)The disease threatens t ______________________ the entire ppulatin.
(2)It is reprted that 844 species have ________________________ in the past decade.
(3)He didn’t tell us fr sure when his new bk wuld ________________________ but said that he was wrking hard t finish it.
(4)Once they arrived，they ________________________ t separate unrecyclable rubbish frm the waste that was reusable.
(5)It ________________________ that the maths prblem was difficult，but my partner and I decided t ____________ it ____________.
sum up总结；概括
用“动词＋up”短语的适当形式填空
(1)The stry may _____________________________________ in ne sentence: Hard wrk can ________________________ a lack f ability.
(2)With the price f huses ____________________，I have n alternative but t ____________________ a part-time jb in a cmpany that ______________________ by my friends three years ag.
(3)Once my mther ________________________，I swallwed my pride，rushed t her and said srry t her，trying t ________________________ with her.
(4)I have great difficulty __________________ these numbers，s culd yu please give me a hand?
倍数表达法 They fund that human activity is causing species t die ut 1,000 times faster than nrmal.他们发现人类活动导致物种灭亡的速度比正常情况快1 000倍。
这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在，我们新学校的面积是10年前的三倍大。
(1)The shrt film tells abut the develpment f ur schl.Nw ur new schl is ________________________________________________ what it was ten years ag.(倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as)
(2)The shrt film tells abut the develpment f ur schl.Nw ur new schl is ________________________________________________ what it was ten years ag.(倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than)
(3)The shrt film tells abut the develpment f ur schl.Nw ur new schl is ________________________________________________ what it was ten years ag.(倍数＋the＋名词＋f)
withut引导含蓄虚拟语气 Withut frests，we wuld have n air t breathe，and withut clean water we wuld be unable t survive.没有森林，我们就不能呼吸空气；没有干净的水，我们将无法生存。
(1)如果没有挫折，我们的人生就不会充满精彩的故事。
Withut setbacks，________________________________________________________________.
(2)要不是这次经历，我就不会意识到我应该花更多的时间和家人在一起。
But fr this experience，I ___________________________________________________________.
(3)如果当时有她的鼓励，我就不会在接下来的一天里都沉浸在悲伤里。
With her encuragement，I _________________________________________________________.
(4)如果没有分发的食物，这些无家可归的人可能会饿一整晚，并且失去生活的希望。
(2022·浙江6月，读后续写)
①Withut distributed fd, ________________________________________________________.
②These hmeless peple gt distributed fd, therwise _________________________________.
1．That was why nne f the children thught it unusual that David had decided t jin the crss-cuntry team.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
那就是为什么没有一个孩子认为大卫决定加入越野队是不寻常的。
2．Mst imprtantly，Edisn realized that success depended n mass electrificatin，which he shwed in New Yrk City.(2022·浙江1月)
最重要的是，爱迪生意识到成功依赖于大规模的电气化，他在纽约展示了这一点。
3．Transprtatin invices must be received within 60 days f yur visit t guarantee the schlarship.(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)
为了保证拿到奖学金，您必须在访问后60天内收到交通发票。
4．New research fund that middle-aged wmen wh were physically fit culd be nearly 90 percent less likely t develp dementia in later life—and if they did，it came n a decade later than less sprty wmen.(2022·浙江1月)
新的研究发现，身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的可能性要低大约90%，而且，即便她们患上痴呆症，与不太喜欢运动的女性相比，她们患痴呆症的时间要晚十年。
5．David had a brain disease which prevented him frm walking r running like ther children，but at schl his classmates thught f him as a regular kid.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
大卫患有一种大脑疾病，使他不能像其他孩子一样走路或跑步，但在学校里，他的同学们都把他当作一个普通的孩子。
6．Can a small grup f drnes guarantee the safety and reliability f railways and，at the same time，help railway peratrs save billins f eurs each year？(2022·全国乙)
一小组无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元吗？
7．Even if this methd f timekeeping is nvel in its particulars，early agricultural scieties als cnnected time t natural phenmena.(2021·北京)
即使这种计时方法在其细节上是新颖的，早期农业社会也将时间与自然现象联系起来。
8．But she came frth and walked frward，and I walked frward，and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain，yu knw，it was like a nuclear fusin.(2021·浙江1月)
但她走了出来，向前走，我也向前走，感情，我的眼泪和大脑里的化学物质，你知道，就像核聚变一样。
9．In pre-classical Greece，fr instance，peple “crrected” fficial calendars by shifting dates frward r backward t reflect the change f seasn.(2021·北京)
例如，在前古典希腊，人们通过前后移动日期来“修正”官方日历，以反映季节的变化。
10．In Samarkand，Mr Bissell admires the architectural wnders，while n his way t Bukhara he gets a taste f plice methds when suspected f drug dealing.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
在撒马尔罕，比塞尔先生欣赏了当地的建筑奇迹，而在前往布哈拉的途中，在被警方怀疑贩毒时，体验了一把警察的办案手法。
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．claim
eq \x( A.n.索赔 B.vt.声称 C.vt.夺去生命 D.vt.认领)
(1)It is claimed that the red dragn is a psitive symbl，indicating strength and a sense f natinal identity.________
(2)The plice say that if n ne claims the watch，yu can keep it.________
(3)The cmpany has made a claim fr damages caused by the delay f delivery.________
(4)It is reprted that the hurricane Sandy has claimed thusands f lives.________
2．mass
eq \x(A.n.一团；大堆 B.n.民众 C.n.质量 D.adj.大量的)
(1)When a blck f ice becmes water，the mass will stay the same but the vlume will change.________
(2)The UK，uniquely，has nt had t face the prblem f mass unemplyment.________
(3)Masses f snw and rcks fell dwn the muntain.________
(4)We shuld ften seek pinins frm the masses.________
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)When hearing the familiar sund f the hrn f ships，I can’t help bursting int tears.____________
(2)What trick are thse children hatching？____________
(3)The waiters gave free drinks t the regulars at Thanksgiving.____________
(4)Yu’re ging t have t swallw yur pride and ask fr yur jb back.____________
(5)The paper gt jammed and it brke dwn.____________
(6)I can’t wrk next weekend—will yu switch with me？____________
(7)I watched fr the desert sunsets，and hunted fr seashells that had been left there millins f years ag.____________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．After being rejected as a fashindesigner，the yung man switched ________ envirnment cnversatin.
2．The bridge cmpleted last year cllapsed，and it was said that an verladed truck was ________(blame)．
3．Hwever hard he wrks，he wn’t be recgnised as a success by his mther，which is really __________(anny)．
4．It is his lack f self- discipline that is related ____________ his being fired by the cmpany.
5．The ultimate gal f the millinaire is t earn ________(billin) f dllars at the end f the year.
6．It ________________(claim) that anther three astrnauts will be sent int space next mnth.
7．Many party members are devted t wiping ____________ pverty in underdevelped areas.
8．Yu are required t sum ____________ the main idea f the passage with a maximum，rather than a minimum f 6 wrds.
9．Withut the hybrid rice cultivated by Yuan Lngping，many peple ____________________(die) frm hunger in the past.
10．____________ tk much time as well as patience t cnvince him t stay in when parents went ut.
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
(2020·上海1月——关于如何处理临期食品的建议)
1．超市有大量的接近保质期(expiratin date)的食品并不少见。(It is nt unusual fr sb/sth t d sth)
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2．如果没有合适的方法来处理这些食品，可能会浪费大量的食品和钱。(withut 引导含蓄虚拟语气)
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3．有些人建议进行一次特卖，而另一些人则建议捐赠给有需要的人。(while连接并列句)
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4．有些老人住在离超市很远的地方，他们去那里买食物会花很多时间。(It takes sb sme time t d...)
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5．现在食物可以送到他们家里，这样他们可以在家里既舒服又轻松地等待。(形容词短语作状语)
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Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
教材续写语料
1．情感描写
anxius adj.焦虑的，担心的
stressed ut焦虑的
anger n．愤怒，怒气
annyed adj.恼怒的，气恼的
2．动作描写
blame v．责怪，指责
set ut出发；启程；(怀着目标)开始工作
wrap v．包，裹
swallw vt.&vi.吞，咽；忍耐
carve v．雕，刻
affect vt.影响
3．环境描写
plastic adj.塑料制的
varied adj.形形色色的；多变的
shell n．(炮、贝、卵、坚果等的)壳；外壳
dirt n．污物；灰尘；泥土
traffic jam交通堵塞
typhn n．台风
valley n．山谷
scenic adj.景色优美的
histric adj.历史悠久的
packaging n．包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料
续写语料运用
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。
Cinderella住在一个历史悠久、风景优美的小镇上。然而，她最近对一些现象感到恼火，她不能抑制她的愤怒。无论她走到哪里，她都会看到各种各样的塑料包装、坚果壳和刻在墙壁和树木上的字。此外，镇上还经常有交通堵塞的情况。由于对小镇感到焦虑，Cinderella开始和其他环保人士一起清理垃圾。她没有把污染归咎于游客，而是决定用自己的行为来影响他人。
Cinderella lives in ________________________________________________.Hwever，she _____________________________________________________ sme phenmena recently and she ______________________，____________________________.Everywhere she ges，she will see ______________________，________________________________________ and characters ____________________________________________________________.Besides，there are ften _____________________ in the twn.______________________________________，Cinderella _______________________________________________________________________with ther envirnmentalists.Instead f _______________________________________________________，she decides t ___________________________________________________________________.switch ff关上(电灯、电视等)；断掉(电源)
switch n打开；开始运行
switch(...)把(……)由……转变为……
•decrease by...减少了……
decrease (frm...) t...(从……)减少到……
•n the decrease 正在下降；正在减少
n the increase 正在增加
•blame sb fr...因……而指责某人；把……归咎于某人
blame sth n sb把某事归咎于某人
be t blame (fr sth)(为某事)承担责任；(因某事)该受责备(主动形式表被动意义)
•take/deserve the blame fr...对……负责；为……承担责任
put/lay the blame fr sth n sb把某事推到某人身上/归咎于某人
•be annyed with sb对某人生气
be annyed abut/at sth为某事生气
•What annys sb mst is that...最让某人生气的是……
•t ne’s annyance使某人生气的是
under stress在压力之下
lay/place/put stress n/upn...强调……
•把……和……联系起来
relate t涉及；和……相关；谈到；理解
•(be) related t有关系的；有关联的
•使……适合……
suit ne’s needs适合某人的需要
•be suitable fr 对……适合的
be suitable t d sth 适合做某事
wrk ut 解决；算出
set ut开始做某事，着手进行
turn ut 结果是
check ut结账后离开
cme ut出版；长出
die ut灭亡；逐渐消失
make up弥补；构成；编造；和解
make up fr补偿，弥补
turn up 开大；出现
g up 上升；上涨
set up 设立；建立
take up开始从事；占据(时间、空间等)；拿起
add up加起来；总计
倍数的表达方式：
•A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as B
•A＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than B
•A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length/...)＋f B
•withut引导含蓄虚拟语气既可表示与现在事实相反的假设(主句中用wuld/culd/might/
shuld d)；也可表示与过去事实相反的假设(主句中用wuld/culd/might/shuld have dne)。
•有类似用法的还有：therwise/r(否则)，but fr(要不是)等或上下文的暗示。