初中英语沪教牛津版（2024）八年级下册Unit 1 Helping those in need优秀复习练习题

这是一份初中英语沪教牛津版（2024）八年级下册Unit 1 Helping those in need优秀复习练习题，共19页。
When planning yur week, yu shuld make a list f things that yu have t d. After making the list, yu shuld make a schedule f yur time. First plan yur time: eating, sleeping, dressing, etc. Then decide a gd, regular time fr studying. Dn’t frget t set aside enugh time fr enjyment. A weekly schedule may nt slve all the prblems, but it will frce yu t realize what is happening t yur time.
Find a gd place t study
Lk arund the huse fr a gd study area. Keep this place, which may be a desk r simply a crner f yur rm, free f everything but study materials. N games, radis r TV! When yu sit dwn t study, put yur mind int the subject.
Make gd use f yur time in class
Take advantage f class time t listen t everything the teacher says. Real listening in class means less wrk later. Taking class ntes will help yu remember what the teacher says.
Study regularly
When yu get hme frm schls, g ver yur ntes. Review the imprtant pints that yur teacher has referred t in class. If yu knw what yur teacher is ging t discuss the next day, read the material. This will help yu understand the next class. If yu d these things regularly, the material will becme mre meaningful, and yu will remember it lnger.
Develp a gd attitude tward the tests
The purpse f a test is t shw what yu have learned abut a subject. It can help yu remember yur new knwledge. The wrld wn’t end if yu dn’t pass a test, s dn’t be verly wrried.
There are ther methds that might help yu with yur studying. Yu will prbably discver many thers after yu have tried these.
1．Accrding t the text, a schedule may NOT include ________.
A．a list f things yu have t dB．what yu have t d every day
C．enugh time fr enjymentD．smething that will happen unexpectedly
2．A gd place fr study shuld be a place where ________.
A．nthing is there except yur study materialsB．there is nly a writing desk
C．yu can find everythingD．it is cmfrtable t stay
3．The underlined sentence “The wrld wn’t end if yu dn’t pass a test, s dn’t be verly wrried.” suggests “________”.
A．Tests are the mst imprtant part in yur study
B．Yu shuld take test as a friend in yur study
C．Yu shuldn’t think t much abut the exams
D．The wrld will cme t an end unless yu pass all tests
4．Which f the fllwing is NOT true?
A．Reading materials in yur textbk befre class will help.
B．In the writer’s pinin, there are five methds fr yur study.
C．It is imprtant t g ver yur ntes at hme.
D．There are many ther methds besides thse mentined.
In the United States, when ne becmes rich, he wants peple t knw it. And even if he des nt becme very rich, he wants peple t think that he is. That is what “keeping up with the Jneses” is abut. It is the stry f smene wh tried t lk as rich as his neighburs.
The expressin was first used in 1913 by a yung American called Arthur Mmand. He tld this stry abut himself. He began earning $125 a week at the age f 23. That was a lt f mney in thse days. He gt married and mved with his wife t a very wealthy neighburhd utside New Yrk City. When he saw that rich peple rde hrses, Mmand went hrseback riding every day. When he saw that rich peple had servants. Mmand and his wife als hired a servant and gave big parties fr their new neighburs.
It was like a race, but ne culd never finish this race because ne was always trying t keep up. The race ended fr Mmand and his wife when they culd n lnger pay fr their new way f life. They mved back t an apartment(公寓房间) in New Yrk City.
Mmand lked arund him and nticed that many peple d things just t keep up with rich lifestyle f their neighburs. He saw the funny side f it and started t write a series(系列) f shrt stries. He called it “Keeping up with the Jneses’ because ‘Jnes’ is a very cmmn name in the United States.” Keeping up with the Jneses’ came t mean keeping up with rich lifestyle f the peple arund yu. Mmand’s series appeared in different newspapers acrss the cuntry fr ver 28 years.
Peple never seem t get tired f keeping up with the Jneses. And there are “Jnses” in every city f the wrld. But ne must get tired f trying t keep up with the Jneses because n matter what ne des, Mr. Jnes always seems t be ahead.
5．Sme peple want t keep up with the Jneses because they ________.
A．want t be as rich as their neighbursB．want thers t knw r t think that they are rich
C．dn’t want thers t knw they are richD．want t be happy
6．It can be inferred frm the stry that rich peple like t ________.
A．live utside New Yrk CityB．live in New Yrk City
C．live in apartmentsD．have many neighburs
7．The underlined wrd neighburhd in the secnd paragraph means ________.
A．a persn wh lives near antherB．peple living in an area
C．an area near the place referred tD．an area in anther twn r city
8．Arthur Mmand used the name “Jnes” in his series f shrt stries because “Jnes” is ________.
A．an imprtant nameB．a ppular name in the United States
C．his neighbur’s nameD．nt a gd name
9．Accrding t the writer, it is ________ t keep up with the Jneses.
A．crrectB．interestingC．impssibleD．gd
When I lived in Spain, sme Spanish friends f mine decided t visit England by car. Befre they left, they asked me fr advice abut hw t find accmmdatin (住所). I suggested that they shuld stay at “bed and breakfast” huses, because this kind f accmmdatin gives a freign visitr a gd chance t speak English with the family. My friends listened t my advice, but they came back with sme funny stries.
“We didn’t stay at bed and breakfast huses,” they said, “because we fund that mst families were away n hliday.”
I thught this was strange. Finally I understd what had happened. My friends spke little English, and they thught “VACANCIES” meant “hlidays”, because the Spanish wrd fr “hlidays” is “vacacines”. S they did nt g t huse where the sign utside said “VACANCIES”, which in English means there are free rms. Then my friends went t huse where the sign said “NO VACANCIES”, because they thught this meant the peple wh wned the huse were nt away n hliday. But they fund that these huses were all full. As a result, they stayed at htels!
We laughed abut this and abut mistakes my friends made in reading ther signs. In Spanish, the wrd “DIVERSION” means fun. In English, it means that wrkmen are repairing the rad, and that yu must take a different rad. When my friends saw the wrd “DIVERSION” n a rad sign, they thught they were ging t have fun. Instead, the rad ended in a large hle.
English peple have prblems t when they learn freign languages. Once in Paris, when smene ffered me sme mre cffee, I said “Thank yu” in French. I meant that I wuld like sme mre. Hwever, t my surprise the cffee pt was taken away! Later I fund ut that “Thank yu” in French means “N, thank yu.”
10．My Spanish friends wanted advice abut ________.
A．learning EnglishB．finding places t stay in England
C．driving their car n English radsD．ging t England by car
11．I suggested that they stay at bed and breakfast huses because ________.
A．they wuld be able t practise their English
B．it wuld be much cheaper than staying in htels
C．it wuld be cnvenient fr them t have dinner
D．there wuld be n prblem abut finding accmmdatin there
12．“NO VACANCIES” in English means ________.
A．n free rmsB．free rmsC．nt away n hlidayD．hlidays
13．If yu see a rad sign that says “Diversin”, yu will ________.
A．fall int a hleB．have a lt f fun and enjy yurself
C．find that the rad is blcked by crwds f pepleD．have t take a different rad
14．When smene ffered me mre cffee and I said “Thank yu” in French, I ______.
A．didn’t really want any mre cffeeB．wanted them t take the cffee pt away
C．really wanted sme mre cffeeD．wanted t express my pliteness
Elizabeth Blackwell was brn in England in 1821, and mved t New Yrk City when she was ten years ld. One day she decided that she wanted t becme a dctr. That was nearly impssible fr a wman in the middle f the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking fr admissin (录取) t medical schls, she was finally accepted by a dctr in Philadelphia. She was s determined that she taught schl and gave music lessns t get mney fr the cst f schling.
In 1849, after graduatin frm medical schl. she decided t further her educatin in Paris. She wanted t be a surgen (外科医师) , but a serius eye prblem frced her t give up the idea.
Upn returning t the United States, she fund it difficult t start her wn practice because she was a wman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, als a dctr, alng with anther wman dctr, managed t pen a new hspital, the first fr wmen and children. Besides being the first wman physician and funding her wn hspital, she als set up the first medical schl fr wmen.
15．Why culdn’t Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream f becming a surgen?
A．She culdn’t get admitted t medical schl.B．She decided t further her educatin in Paris.
C．A serius eye prblem stpped her.D．It was difficult fr her t start a practice in the United States.
16．What main bstacle (障碍) almst destryed Elizabeth’s chances fr becming fr a dctr?
A．She was a wman.B．She wrte t many letters.
C．She culdn’t graduate frm medical schl.D．She culdn’t set up her hspital.
17．Hw many years passed between her graduatin frm medical schl and the pening f her hspital?
A．Eight years.B．Ten years.C．Nineteen years.D．Thirty-six years.
18．Accrding t the passage, all f the fllwing are “firsts” in the life f Elizabeth Blacekwell, except that she ________.
A．became the first wman physician
B．was the first wman dctr
C．and several ther wmen funded the first hspital fr wmen and children
D．set up the first medical schl fr wmen
19．Eilzabeth Blackwell spent mst f her life in ________.
A．EnglandB．ParisC．the United StatesD．New Yrk City
Living in a freign culture can be exciting, but it can als be cnfusing (令人迷惑的). A grup f Americans wh taught English in ther cuntries recently discussed their experiences. They decided that miscmmunicatins (沟通误解) were always pssible, even ver smething as simple as “yes” and “n”.
On her first day in Micrnesia, an island in the Pacific, Lisa thught peple weren’t paying any attentin t her. The day was ht. She went int a stre and asked, “D yu have cld drinks?” The wman there didn’t say anything. Lisa repeated the questin. Still the wman said nthing. She later learned that the wman had answered her. She had raised her eyebrws. In Micrnesia, it means “yes”.
Jan remembered an experience she had in Bulgaria, a cuntry in Eurpe. She went t a restaurant that was famus fr its cabbage. She asked the waiter, “D yu have cabbage tday?” He ndded (点头) his head. Jan waited, but the cabbage never came. In that cuntry, a nd means “n”.
Tm had a similar prblem when he arrived in India. After explaining smething in class, he asked his students if they understd. They answered with many different nds and shakes f the head. He thught sme peple had nt understd, s he explained again. When he asked again, they did the same thing. He sn fund ut that his students did understand. In India, peple nd and shake their heads in different ways depending n where they cme frm. Yu have t knw where a persn is frm t understand whether they mean “yes” r “n”.
20．The Americans teaching English is ther cuntries fund that they _________.
A．shuld g t the ther cuntries fr hlidaysB．needed t learn freign languages
C．shuld ften discuss their experiencesD．had prblems with cmmunicatins
21．Peple in Micrnesia shw “yes” by _________.
A．ndding headsB．raising eyebrws
C．shaking headsD．saying “n”
22．Tm misunderstd (误解) his class at first because _________.
A．he did nt knw much abut Indian culture
B．he didn’t explain everything clearly enugh
C．sme students didn’t understand his questins
D．he didn’t teach well and the students didn’t like him
23．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t this passage?
A．In Bulgaria, ndding heads means “n”.B．Jan taught English n a Pacific island.
C．Lisa was trying t buy sme cabbage.D．In India, nly shaking heads means “yes”.
There are many wnderful literature wrks（文学作品）in the wrld, and they are still ppular after s many years.
Rbinsn Cruse is ne f the mst famus adventure（探险）nvels in England. It was written by Daniel Defe, an English nvelist. The nvel has been ppular fr centuries. The main character in it is an Englishman named Rbinsn Cruse. It tells abut his adventure n a desert island after his ship was brken in a terrible strm. He is a her fighting against nature and human fate（命运）. He is ne f the mst successful characters in English nvels.
Alice's Adventures in Wnderland is a wrk f children's literature by a British writer, Lewis Carrll. It tells the stry f a girl named Alice wh falls dwn a rabbit-hle int a wnderland. Many strange things happen t her and she als meets many playing cards and creatures（生物）that can talk. Finally, she finds everything is just a part f a wnderful dream.
Harry Ptter is a set f fantasy（魔幻的）nvels written by the British authr She was brn n July 30, 1965. The success f the nvels has made her the mst highly-paid nvelist in histry. The idea fr Harry Ptter came t her in 1990 during a train ride. The stry is abut seven years' life f an rphan （孤儿）Ptter wh learns magic. There are seven bks in ttal.
24．Accrding t the passage, _______ is a man wh is fighting against nature and fate.
A．Rbinsn CruseB．Daniel Defe
C．Harry PtterD．Lewis Carrll
25．In fact, Alice's Adventures in Wnderland is a stry f a ________.
A．real adventureB．magical by
C．terrible experienceD．wnderful dream
26．We can knw that ________ has been the mst highly-paid nvelist in histry.
A．HemingwayB．J. K. Rwling
C．Lewis CarrllD．Alice
27．Which is NOT mentined in the passage?
A．Adventure nvels.B．Fantasy nvels.
C．Children's literature.D．Histrical nvels.
A few mnths ag I rented a huse with a lawn. Withut a lawn mwer(割草机), I had t find sme way t deal with the grwing grass! I didn’t have much mney, s I preferred nt t pay a lawn mwing cmpany.
I was thinking abut mwing the lawn myself ne Sunday when the "Mr. Whippy" ice cream van stpped utside n the street. I hadn’t had a Mr. Whippy ice cream fr years, S I went utside immediately. Three yung bys aged arund 10 years were playing n the rad. It was ht and I bught each an ice cream. They were very happy. When I left the van, I heard the lady serving the bys say, "That was a really kind thing that lady did fr yu, bys. Dn’t frget t thank her.” I smiled as I went inside t cntinue wrking.
I left fr wrk that evening, and didn’t return until Tuesday mrning. As I drve int the driveway, I realized smething was different. Yes, my lawns had been mwed and my gardens had been weeded. I felt big warmth rush int my heart and a smile acrss my face. Immediately, I knew my neighburs had dne this fr me, and went t thank them right away.
They wuldn’t knw that this act f kindness nt nly made a big difference t me, but encuraged me t act further and set up a website fcusing n kindness in ur cmmunity. Thank yu s much, neighburs.
28．We can learn frm the passage that Mr. Whippy is ____________.
A．a neighbur f the writer'sB．the writer's friend
C．a name f ice creamD．the van's name
29．why did the writer g t the van?
A．T greet Mr. Whippy.B．T buy herself an ice cream.
C．T chat with the lady.D．T buy the kids ice creams.
30．In the last paragraph, the writer wants t tell us that she __________.
A．has used the internet t wrk
B．has gt great success in her business
C．has been trying t d mre fr her cmmunity
D．has received her neighburs' supprt fr her business
31．What can we learn frm the stry?
A．It is hard t start a businessB．Nthing is impssible
C．Kindness leads t mre kindnessD．It is necessary t have fun

A pr by lived in a small twn. He sld gds frm dr t dr t pay fr schl. One day, he had nly ne cent left, and he was hungry. He decided that he wuld ask fr a meal at the next huse. Hwever, when a yung wman pened the dr, the by was shy, s he just asked fr sme water. The wman knew he was hungry, s she brught him a large glass f milk. He drank it slwly, and then asked, “Hw much shuld I pay fr it?” “Yu wn't pay fr it. My mther has tld me that it is gd t help the peple wh are in truble.” She replied. The by said, “Then I thank yu frm my heart.” As the by left that huse, he felt strnger. He knew he had many things t d.
Many years later, the yung wman became ill. The lcal dctrs culdn't save her. Peple had t send her t a big city. When the dctr knew wh the wman was, he was excited and tried his best t save her life. He succeeded. The wman needed t pay fr the medical bill. The dctr learned that she culdn't affrd it. S he wrte smething dwn n the medical bill. The wman read the bill, “Yu have paid it with a glass f milk.”
32．Why was the yung wman sent t a hspital in a big city? _________.
A．Because she was seriusly ill
B．Because she had lts f mney
C．Because she wanted t visit the dctr
D．Because she knew the pr by wrked there
33．Frm the passage we can knw the dctr (the pr by) ________.
A．let the yung wman pay fr the bill
B．was always thankful fr the yung wman's kindness
C．didn't remember the yung wman
D．failed t save the yung wman's life
34．Which is the fllwing sentences is true?
A．The yung wman had a bad mther.
B．The pr by asked fr sme mney.
C．The yung wman and her mther were bth kind t thers.
D．The pr by became a famus engineer when he grew up.
35．What's the best title (标题) fr the article?
A．A kind MtherB．A Lvely Yung Wman
C．A Pr ByD．A Glass f Milk
There was a Greek shpkeeper in a small crner shp in Lndn. She taught me abut the great pwer f an act f kindness.
I was a student, single and very pr. I wuld wrk early mrnings and late nights t pay fr my studies, and I was really tired all the time.
On the day I went t that shp fr the first time, I was sick with a very high fever. I had been ff wrk fr a few days, and I had run ut f fd. I als had n friends nearby wh culd help. S I ventured（冒险）ut t get sme fd.
I went int the Greek shp because it was clse. I picked up a few items, and then handed them t the shpkeeper. She said, “Yu’re unwell.” I ndded.
She pinted at the bread I was buying and said, “I can make yu a sandwich, s yu dn't have t d it yurself.” S she made the sandwich and asked me t wait a mment. She went in the back rm and reappeared with a bwl f ht sup. “It will warm yu up,” she said with a smile.
Her smile warmed me up. It made me want t be as kind as the shpkeeper. I was a quite shy by, but frm that day n, I didn’t let the shyness prevent me frm helping thers.
36．Hw many times did the writer g t the Greek shp befre he gt ill?
A．Three. B．Tw.C．One. D．Never.
37．The writer ventured ut t get sme fd fr himself because _________.
A．he did nt like the fd in schl
B．n ne knew what fd he liked
C．he had n fd left in his rm
D．he knew well arund Lndn
38．What des the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A．The writer and the shpkeeper became gd friends.
B．The writer's illness was cured by her smile.
C．The writer will g t the Greek shp ften later.
D．The writer was deeply mved by the shpkeeper.
Children are natural scientists, very interested in the wrld arund them. T help them enjy science, yu nly have t share yur children's interests.
Firstly, listen t their questins. I nce visited a classrm f seven-year-ld children t talk abut science as a jb. The children asked me " textbk questins" abut schling, the mney I gt and whether I liked my jb. When I finished answering the questins, we lked at each ther silently. Finally I said, "Nw that we've finished with yur lists, d yu have questins f yur wn abut science?"
After a lng wait, a by put up his hand, "Have yu ever seen a grasshpper (蚱蜢) eat? When I try eating leaves like that, I get a stmachache. Why?" It led t lts f questins that lasted nearly tw hurs.
Secndly, give them time t think. Studies ver the past 30 years have shwn that, after asking a questin, many teachers usually wait nly ne secnd r less fr an answer, n time fr a child t think. When teachers increase their "wait time" t three secnds r mre, children give better answers.
Thirdly, watch yur language. When the child is talking abut science, dn't cut in with "That's right" r "Very gd". These wrds wrk well when yu use them t encurage a child t help thers. But in talking abut science, these wrds make a child think that the discussin is ver. Instead, keep things ging by saying "That's interesting" r "I've never thught f it that way befre".
Lastly, shw it but nt t tell. Let children lk at their hands thrugh a micrscpe(显微镜), and they'll understand why yu want them t wash befre dinner.
39．T help children enjy science, the mst imprtant thing fr us t d is t _________.
A．let them see the wrld arundB．let them study in mdern labs
C．tell them the difficult terms n scienceD．share the children’s interests
40．The wrds “yur lists” paragraph 2 mean _________.
A．yur answers t the questinsB．yur wn questins abut science
C．yur questins frm textbksD．all the questins f yur wn
41．Accrding t the passage, children can give better answers t questins if teachers _________.
A．ask them t answer quicklyB．wait fr ne r tw secnds after a questin
C．tell them t watch their languageD．wait at least three secnds after a questin
42．The writer talks abut all f the fllwing ways except that _________.
A．teachers shuld tell their children stries
B．teachers shuld ffer their children chances t bserve things fr themselves
C．teachers shuld allw enugh time fr their children t find answers
D．teachers shuld encurage their children t ask questins f their wn
43．The writer f the passage is prbably_________.
A．a teacherB．a scientistC．a seven-year-ld by's fatherD．a reprter
参考答案：
1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些帮助你成为一个更好的学生的方法。
1．细节理解题。根据“When planning yur week, yu shuld make a list f things that yu have t d. After making the list, yu shuld make a schedule f yur time. First plan yur time: eating, sleeping, dressing, etc. Then decide a gd, regular time fr studying. Dn’t frget t set aside enugh time fr enjyment. ”可知时间表包括你要做的事情的清单、你每天都要做的事、有足够的时间享受。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“Keep this place, which may be a desk r simply a crner f yur rm, free f everything but study materials. N games, radis r TV! ”可知一个学习的好地方应该是除了学习资料什么都没有的地方。故选A。
3．词句猜测题。根据“The purpse f a test is t shw what yu have learned abut a subject. It can help yu remember yur new knwledge. The wrld wn’t end if yu dn’t pass a test, s dn’t be verly wrried.”可知考试的目的是展示你对一门学科的了解，它可以帮助你记住你的新知识。如果你不通过考试，世界不会终结，所以不要过于担心。可推测划线句子建议：你不应该对考试想太多。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“Plan yur time carefully”、“Find a gd place t study”、“Make gd use f yur time in class”、“Study regularly”、“Develp a gd attitude tward the tests”以及“There are ther methds that might help yu with yur studying. Yu will prbably discver many thers after yu have tried these.”可知除了文章提到的五种方法，还有其他方法可以帮助你学习，所以B选项表述错误，故选B。
5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．C
【导语】本文介绍了美国社会存在的一个现象，keeping up with the Jneses“跟邻居比阔气”。人们都追富，都想按照富人的做法来置办自己的东西，住在富人居住的地方。但是作者认为Mr Jnes总是领先，所以要想追上Jnes是不可能的。
5．细节理解题。根据“In the United States, when ne becmes rich, he wants peple t knw it. And even if he des nt becme very rich, he wants peple t think that he is. That is what ‘keeping up with the Jneses’ is abut. ”可知当一个人变得富有时，他想让人们知道。即使他不会变得非常富有，他希望人们认为他是富有的。B选项符合题意，故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据“He gt married and mved with his wife t a very wealthy neighburhd utside New Yrk City”可知他结婚后和妻子搬到了纽约市郊外一个非常富有的社区。说明富人喜欢住在郊外，故选A。
7．词义猜测题。根据“He gt married and mved with his wife t a very wealthy neighburhd utside New Yrk City. ”可知他结婚后和妻子搬到了纽约市郊外一个非常富有的社区，所以“neighbrhd”一词是指所述地点附近的区域。故选C。
8．细节理解题。根据“because ‘Jnes’ is a very cmmn name in the United States.”可知他使用“Jnes”这个名字，是因为它在美国是非常常见的，故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据“But ne must get tired f trying t keep up with the Jneses because n matter what ne des, Mr. Jnes always seems t be ahead.”说明Mr Jnes总是在前面，所以要想追上Jnes是不可能的。故选C。
10．B 11．A 12．A 13．D 14．C
【导语】本文是作者通过自己和朋友的经历，说明英语中一些语言的含义和其他国家不同。
10．细节理解题。根据“Befre they left, they asked me fr advice abut hw t find accmmdatin (住所).”可知，作者的西班牙朋友向作者寻求关于在英国住宿的建议。故选B。
11．细节理解题。根据“I suggested that they shuld stay at ‘bed and breakfast’ huses, because this kind f accmmdatin gives a freign visitr a gd chance t speak English with the family.”可知，作者建议朋友们住在提供住宿和早餐的家庭客栈，这样有助于他们练习英语。故选A。
12．词义猜测题。根据“S they did nt g t huse where the sign utside said ‘VACANCIES’, which in English means there are free rms.”可知，“VACANCIES”表示“有空房间”，“NO VACANCIES”的意义相反，表示“没有空房间”。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据“In English, it means that wrkmen are repairing the rad, and that yu must take a different rad.”可知，在英语中，“DIVERSION”的意思是工人正在修路，你必须走另一条路。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据“I said ‘Thank yu’ in French. I meant that I wuld like sme mre”可知，作者用法语说“Thank yu”，本意是想再要一些咖啡。故选C。
15．C 16．A 17．A 18．B 19．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了伊丽莎白·布莱克威尔一心从医的故事。
15．细节理解题。根据“She wanted t be a surgen (外科医师) , but a serius eye prblem frced her t give up the idea.”可知，严重的眼睛问题使得她没法成为一名外科医师。故选C。
16．细节理解题。根据“That was nearly impssible fr a wman in the middle f the nineteenth century.”和“Upn returning t the United States, she fund it difficult t start her wn practice because she was a wman.”可知，伊丽莎白是一名女性，这是阻止她成为医生的主要障碍。故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据“In 1849, after graduatin frm medical schl.”和“By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, ... managed t pen a new hspital”可知，从医学院毕业到开设自己的医院，伊丽莎白历经了八年。故选A。
18．细节理解题。根据“By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, als a dctr, alng with anther wman dctr, managed t pen a new hspital”和“Besides being the first wman physician and funding her wn hspital, she als set up the first medical schl fr wmen.”可知，文中没有提到她是第一位女医生。故选B。
19．推理判断题。根据“Elizabeth Blackwell was brn in England in 1821, and mved t New Yrk City when she was ten years ld.”和“Upn returning t the United States, she fund it difficult t start her wn practice because she was a wman.”可知，伊丽莎白出生在英国，10岁时搬到美国，虽然求学在巴黎，但最后回到美国开始自己的事业。由此推知，伊丽莎白·布莱克威尔一生中大部分时间在美国。故选C。
20．D 21．B 22．A 23．A
【导语】本文讲述了一群在其他国家教英语的美国人在谈论他们的经历，他们介绍在沟通误解方面的一些事情。
20．推理判断题。根据“They decided that miscmmunicatins (沟通误解) were always pssible, even ver smething as simple as‘yes’and‘n’.”可知，在其他国家教英语的美国人发现他们在沟通上有问题，故选D。
21．细节理解题。根据“She had raised her eyebrws. In Micrnesia, it means‘yes’.”可知，在密克罗尼西亚，扬眉毛表示“是”。故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据“In India, peple nd and shake their heads in different ways depending n where they cme frm. Yu have t knw where a persn is frm t understand whether they mean‘yes’r‘n’.”可知，在印度，人们以不同的方式点头和摇头，这取决于他们来自哪里。你必须知道一个人来自哪里，才能理解他的意思是“是”还是“不是”。因此汤姆刚开始在课上误解他的学生是因为他不太了解印度文化，故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据“Jan remembered an experience she had in Bulgaria, a cuntry in Eurpe... In that cuntry, a nd means ‘n’.”可知，在保加利亚点头意味着“不”，故选A。
24．A 25．D 26．B 27．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了三部深受读者喜爱的世界文学作品。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段“He is a her fighting against nature and human fate”可知鲁滨逊是一个与自然和人类命运抗争的人。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段“Finally，she finds everything is just a part f a wnderful dream”可知最后爱丽丝发现一切只是一个美妙的梦想的一部分。《爱丽丝漫游奇境记》是一个关于美好的梦的故事。故选D。
26．细节理解题。根据第四段“The success f the nvels has made her the mst highly-paid nvelist in histry”可知小说《哈利·波特》的成功使J.K.罗琳成为历史上收入最高的小说家，故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据“Rbinsn Cruse is ne f the mst famus adventure nvels”可知《鲁宾逊漂流记》是冒险小说，根据“Alice's Adventures in Wnderland is a wrk f children's literature ”可知《爱丽丝漫游奇境记》是儿童文学，根据“Harry Ptter is a set f fantasy nvels ”可知《哈利•波特》是魔幻小说。文中没有提到历史小说。故选D。
28．C 29．B 30．C 31．C
【分析】善良的作者买冰激凌给孩子们吃，几天后，作者回家发现自己家的草坪已经被修得整整齐齐。她一直发愁的问题被解决了。这事情鼓舞作者，建立关注社会善意行为的网站。
28．细节理解题。由第二段句子“I was thinking abut mwing the lawn myself ne Sunday when the "Mr. Whippy" ice cream van stpped utside n the street. I hadn’t had a Mr. Whippy ice cream fr years”可知，有一个星期天，作者正想自己去割草，突然那辆 “惠皮先生”冰淇淋车停在外面的大街上，作者已经好几年没有吃过“惠皮先生”冰淇淋了，所以“Mr. Whippy”是一个冰淇淋的名称。故选C。
29．推理判断题。从第二段句子“I hadn’t had a Mr. Whippy ice cream fr years, S I went utside immediately.”可知，作者跑过去为了买冰激凌。故选B。
30．推理判断题。由第三段句子“They wuldn’t knw that this act f kindness nt nly made a big difference t me, but encuraged me t act further and set up a website fcusing n kindness in ur cmmunity.”可知，他们不会知道这种善举不仅对我有很大影响，而且鼓励我进一步行动，在我们的社区建立一个关注善举的网站，所以这一段作者想告诉我们她一直在为她的社区努力多做些事情，故选C。
31．推理判断题。阅读原文可知，善良的作者买冰激凌给孩子们吃，几天后，作者回家发现自己家的草坪已经被修得整整齐齐。她一直发愁的问题被解决了。所以从故事中我们可以得出，善良带来更多的善良，故选C。
32．A 33．B 34．C 35．D
【分析】文章大意：本文叙述了一个贫穷的小男孩当初接受了一位女士的一杯牛奶，多年后，小男孩成为医生，尽力救治这位女士，并为她付医药费，回报了当年的爱心。
32．细节理解题。根据“Many years later, the yung wman became ill. The lcal dctrs culdn't save her. Peple had t send her t a big city.”可知因为这个年轻妇女生病了，人们把她送到了大城市，故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据“When the dctr knew wh the wman was, he was excited and tried his best t save her life….The dctr learned that she culdn't affrd it. S he wrte smething dwn n the medical bill. The wman read the bill, “Yu have paid it with a glass f milk.””可知，这位医生救了这名妇女，而且当知道她支付不起医药费时，他在医药费单上写说那杯牛奶已经当作医疗费了。由此可以推知，这位医生(这个可怜的男孩)一直对这位年轻妇女的仁慈心存感激，故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据“Yu wn't pay fr it. My mther has tld me that it is gd t help the peple wh are in truble.”可知，这位年轻妇女和她的母亲认为应帮助有麻烦的人，因此推断她们待人都很和善，故选C。
35．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了一个小男孩为了回报那个年轻妇女当年给他的一杯牛奶，救了她，并且帮她支付了医疗费用，所以全文是围绕着这杯牛奶来展开叙述的，因此D选项“一杯牛奶”符合题意，故选D。
36．D 37．C 38．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章介绍作者学生时期得到一家商店的店主人的好心关照，店主人的善意深深打动了作者，从那以后作者也开始像她那样去帮助别人。
36．细节理解题。根据第二段“On the day I went t that shp fr the first time, I was sick with a very high fever”可知，作者病的那天是他第一次去那家店里，说明他之前从未去过。故选D。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段“I had been ff wrk fr a few days, and I had run ut f fd. I had n friends nearby wh culd help. S I ventured ut t get sme fd”可知他的房间里没有食物。故选C。
38．段落大意题。根据最后一段“but frm that day n, I didn’t let the shyness prevent me frm helping thers”说明作者被店主人的好心深深打动了，从那以后他也开始像她那样去帮助别人。故选D。
39．D 40．C 41．D 42．A 43．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了孩子是天生的科学家，对他们周围的世界很感兴趣，让他们喜欢科学很容易，不需要很多的科学俗语和现代的实验室。你只需要分享你的孩子的兴趣。作者就此问题提出了他的建议。
39．细节理解题。根据文中“T help them enjy science, yu nly have t share yur children's interests.”可知，为了帮助孩子们享受科学，我们要做的最重要的事情就是分享孩子的兴趣。故选D。
40．词句猜测题。根据文中“The children asked me " textbk questins" abut schling, the mney I gt and whether I liked my jb.”可知，应是作者回答完了清单中孩子们的课本问题，故下划线单词“yur lists”的汉语意思应是指代“学校课本的问题”。故选C。
41．细节理解题。根据文中“When teachers increase their "wait time" t three secnds r mre, children give better answers.”可知，根据这篇文章，如果老师在提问后至少等待3秒钟，孩子们可以给出更好的答案。故选D。
42．细节理解题。根据文中“Firstly, listen t their questins.”可知，应是老师应该鼓励孩子提出自己的问题；根据文中“Secndly, give them time t think.”可知，应是老师应该给孩子足够的时间去寻找答案；根据文中“Lastly, shw it but nt t tell.”可知，应是教师应该给孩子们机会，让他们自己观察事物；通读全文可知，文中没有提到老师应该给孩子们讲故事，故除A之外，作者讨论了B、C、D三种让孩子们对科学感兴趣的方法。故选A。
43．推理判断题。根据文中第一段“Children are natural scientists, very interested in the wrld arund them. T help them enjy science, yu nly have t share yur children's interests.”可知，这篇文章的介绍的内容和科学有关，后面又介绍了四条使孩子们对科学感兴趣的方法，由此推断出作者是一位科学家。故选B。