2025菏泽高三上学期1月期末考试英语含解析

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本试题卷共 8 页。全卷满分 150 分。考试用时 120 分钟。
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第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where des this cnversatin take place?
A. In a car. B. In a repair shp. C. On an island.
2. Why is the wman ging t Trader Je’s s early in the mrning?
A. T avid the crwds. B. T meet sme flks. C. T buy special things.
3. What is the man’s suggestin t the wman?
A. Teaching her sn by herself. B. Asking the teacher fr help. C. Having n wrry abut her sn.
4. What wuld the wman like t watch at first?
A. A cartn. B. A cmedy. C. A science fictin mvie.
5. What des the man think f the wman’s decisin?
A. Exciting. B. Surprising. C. Wise.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中
选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，
各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
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听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. Where will the event prbably be held?
A. At the bkstre. B. In a lecture hall. C. In the twn square.
7. Hw des the man plan t prmte the event?
A. By advertising in the newspaper.
B. By bradcasting n televisin.
C. By putting up psters.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. What is the wman prbably?
A. A hstess. B. A prfessr. C. A secretary.
9. What is Mr. Barclay’s advice?
A. Studying hard. B. Maintaining grades. C. Keeping balance in life.
10. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. Internet addictin. B. Ppular mbile apps. C. Yung men’s prblems.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. What is the man ding?
A. Making an invitatin. B. Offering infrmatin. C. Asking fr permissin.
12. What time is the wman ging t see the dentist this Saturday?
A. At 10:30 a. m. B. At 12:30 p. m. C. At 4:30 p. m.
13. What is the wman ging t d after seeing the dentist?
A. Clean the huse.
B. Take a walk by the lake.
C. Help Jim with his science prject.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。
14. Where des Thmas Manning wrk?
A. In a library. B. At a radi statin. C. In the Guinness Cmpany.
15. Where did the idea f a bk f recrds cme frm?
A. A visit t Eurpe. B. A bird-shting trip. C. A televisin talk shw.
16. When did Sir Hugh’s first bk f recrds appear?
A. In 1955. B. In 1950. C. In 1915.
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17. What are the speakers ging t discuss next?
A. The funder f the cmpany.
B. The fastest bird in the wrld.
C. Mre recrds f unusual facts.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. When can peple in Hangzhu walk dgs?
A. At 6:00 a. m. B. At 11:00 a. m. C. At 4:00 p. m.
19. Hw much will a Hangzhu citizen be fined if he walks his dg withut a rpe?
A. 400 yuan. B. 1,000 yuan. C. 3,000 yuan.
20. What is the dg wner’s cmplaint?
A. Dgs must be registered.
B. Dg walking hurs are imprper.
C. Dg walking places are limited.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Fur Famus Female Scientists
Katherine Jhnsn
Katherine Jhnsn graduated frm cllege — with hnrs — at the same age mst peple graduated frm
high schl. She later applied t a prgram at the Natinal Advisry Cmmittee fr Aernautics and earned a spt
as ne f the agency’s human cmputers. One f Katherine’s mst imprtant jbs was calculating the path f the
first American manned spaceflight in 1961 and the Apll mn landing in 1969. While NASA began using
cmputers fr the task in 1962, astrnaut Jhn Glenn refused t g int flight until Katherine checked the cmputer’
s calculatins by hand.
Cecilia Payne-Gapschkin
When Cecilia Payne-Gapschkin became the first wman t receive a PhD frm Harvard’s Radeliffe Cllege,
n ne knew hw much her dctral paper wuld change the wrld f science. Her cnclusin that stars are
cmpsed mainly f hydrgen and helium (氦) cntradicted the main thery f the time, and sme f the day’s
leading scientists penly questined her findings. It wuld take mre than a decade fr anther scientist t reach the
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same cnclusin.
Lise Meitner
Lise Meitner is ne f nly tw wmen t have an element named in her hnr — the element with the
atmic number 109 is called meitnerium. She was the first physics prfessr in Germany and the first scientist t
include the term“nuclear fissin (裂变)” in a published paper. During her career, she discvered what causes the
Auger Effect, explained hw nuclear fissin wrks, and uncvered the element prtactinium (镤).
Grace Hpper
Grace Hpper was knwn fr her pineering wrk in the develpment f cmputer prgramming languages.
She began her career in cmputing and wrked n the Harvard Mark I cmputer prgram. Later, she created the
first prgram that translated cde int machine language, and als develped the COBOL (Cmmn
Business-Oriented Language) prgramming language.
1. What was ne f Katherine Jhnsn’s significant cntributins?
A. She earned a PhD frm Harvard. B. She develped a prgramming language.
C. She explained hw nuclear fissin wrks. D. She calculated the path fr majr space missins.
2. Whse cnclusin abut stars faced ppsitin frm leading scientists?
A. Katherine Jhnsn’s. B. Cecilia Payne-Gapschkin’s.
C. Lise Meitner’s. D. Grace Hpper’s.
3. What d Lise Meitner and Grace Hpper have in cmmn?
A. They graduated frm Harvard. B. They discvered new elements.
C. They wrked n smething abut cmputers. D. They were bth pineers in their wn field.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四位著名女科学家。
【1 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“One f Katherine’s mst imprtant jbs was calculating the path f the first American
manned spaceflight in 1961 and the Apll mn landing in 1969.(凯瑟琳最重要的工作之一是计算 1961 年美国
首次载人航天飞行和 1969 年阿波罗登月的路径)”可知，凯瑟琳·约翰逊的重要贡献之一是为重要的太空任
务计算飞行路径，故选 D。
【2 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Cecilia Payne-Gapschkin 部分中“Her cnclusin that stars are cmpsed mainly f hydrgen
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and helium (氦 ) cntradicted the main thery f the time, and sme f the day’s leading scientists penly
questined her findings.(她关于恒星主要由氢和氦组成的结论与当时的主流理论相矛盾，一些当时的顶尖科
学家公开质疑她的发现)”可知，Cecilia Payne-Gapschkin 关于恒星的结论遭到了顶尖科学家的反对。故选
B。
【3 题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“She was the first physics prfessr in Germany and the first scientist t include
the term “nuclear fissin (裂变)” in a published paper.(她是德国第一位物理学教授，也是第一位在发表的论文
中使用“核裂变”一词的科学家)”以及最后一段“Grace Hpper was knwn fr her pineering wrk in the
develpment f cmputer prgramming languages.(格蕾丝·霍珀因其在计算机编程语言开发方面的开创性工
作而闻名)”可知，莉莎·迈特纳和格蕾丝·霍珀的共同之处是在各自领域都是先驱，故选 D。
B
When I was grwing up, my mm ften said that n matter what grades I gt in schl, as lng as I did my
best, she’d be prud f me. Then she added, “But if yu didn’t get an A, I’ll knw yu didn’t d yur best.” She
said it with a smile, but I tk it seriusly: I shuldn’t settle fr anything less than perfect. My greatest weakness is
that I’m t much f a perfectinist.
Perfectinism is the desire t be 100% perfect. The gal is zer faults and n failures. In an increasingly
cmpetitive wrld, kids face grwing pressure frm parents t be perfect and severe criticism when they fall shrt.
Every fault is a blw t their self-esteem (自尊). I’ve lived it myself.
When I wn the fifth-grade quiz bwl n wrld explrers, I beat myself up afterward fr missing ne questin.
Hw culd I frget that the sea rute t India was discvered by da Gama, but nt Magellan? When I made the
finals f a Mrtal Kmbat turnament and wn a lifetime pass t a lcal mvie theater, I didn’t celebrate. Third
place is the secnd lser. When I wn the first prize in a math test, I was disappinted. Only a 98? Nt gd
enugh. There was always a vice in the back f my mind whispering that it wasn’t enugh and that I culd have
dne better.
It was during my cllege years that I started t questin the value f this perfectinism. I met peple wh didn’
t seem t be weighed dwn by the same expectatins, wh accepted their mistakes and saw them as pprtunities
fr grwth rather than failures. They taught me that it was kay t be imperfect, that it was human t make
mistakes, and that smetimes, the mst imprtant lessns cme frm ur failures.
4. What is paragraph 1 mainly abut?
A. Why the authr became a perfectinist. B. The disadvantage f being a perfectinist.
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C. Hw the authr gt the gd grades in schl. D. The feeling f being grateful t the authr’s mther.
5 What made the authr unsatisfied with what had been achieved?
A. Blame frm parents. B. Desire t get first prize.
C. Eagerness t be perfect. D. Pressure f cmpetitins.
6. What made the authr change the attitude twards perfectinism?
A. Lsing expectatin t succeed. B. Realizing the harm f being perfect.
C. Learning lessns frm ther peple’s failure. D. Encuntering thse accepting imperfectin.
7. Which clumn f a magazine may the text be taken frm?
A. Parenting Styles. B. Cming-f-Age Stries.
C. Peple f Achievement. D. Challenges Facing Yuth.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小到大追求完美，到大学时期因遇到一些人而改变对完
美主义态度的成长故事。
4 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“When I was grwing up, my mm ften said that n matter what grades I gt in
schl, as lng as I did my best, she’d be prud f me. Then she added, “But if yu didn’t get an A, I’ll knw yu
didn’t d yur best.” She said it with a smile, but I tk it seriusly: I shuldn’t settle fr anything less than perfect.
My greatest weakness is that I’m t much f a perfectinist.(在我成长的过程中，我妈妈经常说，不管我在学校
取得了什么成绩，只要我做到了最好，她就会为我感到骄傲。然后她又说：“但如果你没有得到 A，我就知
道你没有尽力。”她说这话时面带微笑，但我却当真了：我不应该满足于任何不完美的东西。我最大的缺点
是过于追求完美)”可知，第一段主要讲的是作者成为完美主义者的原因。故选 A。
【5 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Perfectinism is the desire t be 100% perfect. The gal is zer faults and n failures.
(完美主义就是想要100%完美。目标是零错误，没有失败)”以及第三段“When I wn the fifth-grade quiz bwl
n wrld explrers, I beat myself up afterward fr missing ne questin.(当我在五年级世界探险家竞赛中获胜时，
我因为错过了一道题而自责)”可知，渴望完美让作者对已经取得的成就不满意。故选 C。
【6 题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“I met peple wh didn’t seem t be weighed dwn by the same expectatins, wh
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accepted their mistakes and saw them as pprtunities fr grwth rather than failures. They taught me that it was
kay t be imperfect, that it was human t make mistakes, and that smetimes, the mst imprtant lessns cme
frm ur failures.(我遇到了一些人，他们似乎没有被同样的期望所拖累，他们接受自己的错误，把它们视为
成长的机会，而不是失败。他们告诉我，不完美是可以接受的，犯错误是人之常情，有时候，最重要的教
训来自于我们的失败)”可知，遇到那些接受不完美的人让作者改变了对完美主义的态度。故选 D。
【7 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“My greatest weakness is that I’m t much f a perfectinist.(我最大的缺点是过于追
求完美)”以及最后一段“It was during my cllege years that I started t questin the value f this
perfectinism.(在大学期间，我开始质疑这种完美主义的价值)”结合文章主要讲述了作者从小到大追求完美，
到大学时期因遇到一些人而改变对完美主义态度的成长故事。可知，这篇文章可能取自杂志的“成长故事”
专栏。故选 B。
C
Why d peple tday read “Pride and Prejudice”? Why d “One Hundred Years f Slitude”, “War and Peace”
and “A Tale f Tw Cities” still sell trucklads f cpies? Because certain bks impact generatin after generatin
fr decades — r even centuries — after they are written.
Schlars, critics and thers call such bks the Great Bks. In additin t standing the test f time, these
ntable wrks are cnsidered great because f their strytelling, ideas, and far-reaching cultural impact. Reading
the Great Bks is like taking the well-wrn track thrugh the frest. They shw yu the wisdm that has
successfully guided generatins upn generatins. The wisdm that cmes frm reading Great Bks will better
equip yu t helm life.
Hwever, many f us are hesitant t read ld bks because they are challenging. They are ften written in
different time perids, cultures r languages. But every time we take a step utside f ur cmfrt zne, we are
grwing int better versins f urselves. Great Bks will sharpen yur intellect. They require mre thinking
because f their cmplex ideas — such as thse f Plat, Aquinas r Nietzsche. Mre ften, they are difficult
because they are simply different. They pull us ut f the ech chamber (回音室) f ur mdern, digital-dminated
wrld int smething unlike ur experience. Bks frm different time perids will have different assumptins and
values. If yu allw yurself t be stretched by reading frm Great Bks, then yu’ll find yur wrldview
clarified. Yu will becme smene wh can handle challenging ideas and nt be scared by them.
Reading Great Bks will als grw yur sympathy fr thers, as well as appreciatin fr the many factrs
that shape wh we are as persns. The mst bvius example is in classic literature that gives us a windw int
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anther persn’s life.
8. What aspect f Great Bks is talked abut in the first tw paragraphs?
A. The varieties. B. The influences. C. The sales. D. The styles.
9. What des the underlined wrd “helm” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Sustain. B. Supprt. C. Manage. D. Start.
10. What may be ne f the benefits f reading Great Bks?
A. Develping critical thinking. B. Adapting t different cultures.
C Escaping frm the real life. D. Stepping ut f the cmfrt zne.
11. What is the authr’s attitude twards reading Great Bks?
A. Dubtful. B. Dismissive. C. Unclear. D. Enthusiastic.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是名著，以及阅读名著的种种好处。
【8 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Why d peple tday read “Pride and Prejudice”? Why d “One Hundred Years f
Slitude”, “War and Peace” and “A Tale f Tw Cities” still sell trucklads f cpies? Because certain bks
impact generatin after generatin fr decades — r even centuries — after they are written. (为什么今天人们
还读《傲慢与偏见》？为什么《百年孤独》《战争与和平》和《双城记》仍然卖得很好？因为某些书在出版
后的几十年甚至几个世纪里影响着一代又一代)”和第二段中“Reading the Great Bks is like taking the
well-wrn track thrugh the frest. They shw yu the wisdm that has successfully guided generatins upn
generatins. (阅读名著就像在森林中走一条老路。它们向你展示了成功引导了一代又一代的智慧)”可知，前
两段主要讨论了名著对一代又一代人的影响。故选 B 项。
【9 题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Reading the Great Bks is like taking the well-wrn track thrugh the frest.
They shw yu the wisdm that has successfully guided generatins upn generatins. (阅读名著就像在森林中走
一条老路。它们向你展示了成功引导了一代又一代的智慧)”可知，阅读名著让人了解先辈们的智慧，这些
智慧应该可以让人更好地掌控生活，画线词意思是“管理，掌控”，与 Manage 意思接近。故选 C 项。
【10 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Great Bks will sharpen yur intellect. They require mre thinking because f their
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cmplex ideas — such as thse f Plat, Aquinas r Nietzsche. Mre ften, they are difficult because they are
simply different. They pull us ut f the ech chamber (回音室) f ur mdern, digital-dminated wrld int
smething unlike ur experience. (名著会使你的思维变得敏锐。它们需要更多的思考，因为它们的思想复杂
——比如柏拉图、阿奎纳或尼采的思想。更多的时候，它们很难，因为它们完全不同。它们把我们从现代
数字世界的回音室中拉了出来，进入了与我们的经历不同的世界)”可知，阅读名著会磨练人的思维，让人
去思考复杂的思想，进入完全不同的世界。因此，阅读名著的一个好处是发展批判性思维。故选 A 项。
【11 题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者从多个方面阐述了阅读名著的好处，认为它们能磨练智慧、拓展世界观、
增加对他人的同情心等。因此，作者对阅读名著是热情的。故选 D 项。
D
On Christmas eve in 1956, the late Michael Bnd bught a small ty bear that had been left n the shelf in a
Lndn stre because he felt srry fr it. He tk it hme as a present fr his wife and named it Paddingtn, after
the railway statin. Michael began writing abut the bear frm Darkest Peru and discvered he had a bk n his
hands. A Bear Called Paddingtn was published n 13th Octber 1958 and a whle series f tales abut the
charming character fllwed. They have been since adapted fr TV and film and have stimulated the imaginatins
f millins.
The real inspiratin behind Paddingtn Bear is the Andean bear frm Suth America’s clud frests. The
Andean bear is the nly bear species in Suth America and is knwn fr the light fur arund its eyes, like glasses.
The light clr may variably extend dwn t the animals’ thrats and chests, giving each individual a unique set f
markings. Andean bears’ thick cats are usually either black r brwn, ccasinally with red.
The actual Andean bear is mstly vegetarian (素食者), with a diet f brmeliad leaves, bamb, berries, and
fruits, thugh it als eats meat ccasinally. They are fund in Blivia, Clmbia, Ecuadr, Peru, and Venezuela,
living in varius habitats frm 5,000m t 200m abve sea level. The IUCN Red List estimates abut 10,000 adults
glbally, with Blivia and Peru likely having the mst due t habitat quality and size. Andean bears require large
and preferably undisturbed prtected areas, and therefre need landscape-scale cnservatin effrts.
Andean bears are excellent climbers and cmmnly build tree platfrms frm surrunding vegetatin (植被),
n which they rest, eat and guard feeding areas. The species tends t be mst active during the day, but its
mvement varies seasnally and between gegraphic areas.
12. What functin des paragraph 1 serve in the text?
A. T set the tne. B. T lead in the tpic.
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C. T preview the structure. D. T present the writing purpse.
13. What is ne f the mst distinctive features f the Andean bear?
A. Its fur marking. B. Its living habitat.
C. Its eating habit. D. Its literary image.
14. Why are Blivia and Peru likely t have the mst Andean bears?
A. They build tree platfrms. B. They prvide plenty f fd.
C. They can ffer suitable habitats. D. They have experienced cnservatinists.
15. What might be intrduced abut Andean bears fllwing the last paragraph?
A. Their activities. B. Their appearance.
C. Their entertainment. D. Their hunting seasns.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了安第斯熊这种动物的特点、习性以及生存情况等。
【12 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“On Christmas eve in 1956, the late Michael Bnd bught a small ty bear that had
been left n the shelf in a Lndn stre because he felt srry fr it. He tk it hme as a present fr his wife and
named it Paddingtn, after the railway statin. Michael began writing abut the bear frm Darkest Peru and
discvered he had a bk n his hands. A Bear Called Paddingtn was published n 13th Octber 1958 and a
whle series f tales abut the charming character fllwed. They have been since adapted fr TV and film and
have stimulated the imaginatins f millins.(1956 年的圣诞节前夕，已故的迈克尔·邦德在伦敦一家商店的货
架上买了一只小玩具熊，因为他为它感到难过。他把它带回家作为送给妻子的礼物，并以火车站的名字命
名为帕丁顿。迈克尔开始写这只来自秘鲁最黑暗的熊，并发现他手头有一本书。《帕丁顿熊》于 1958 年 10
月 13 日出版，随后又出版了一系列关于这个迷人人物的故事。这些故事后来被改编成电视剧和电影，激发
了数百万人的想象力)”可知，第 1 段作用是引出文章话题。故选 B。
【13 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The Andean bear is the nly bear species in Suth America and is knwn fr the light
fur arund its eyes, like glasses. The light clr may variably extend dwn t the animals’ thrats and chests,
giving each individual a unique set f markings.(安第斯熊是南美洲唯一的熊类，以其眼睛周围的浅色皮毛而闻
名，就像眼镜一样。浅色可能会延伸到动物的喉咙和胸部，给每个个体一套独特的标记)”可知，安第斯熊
最独特的特征之一是其皮毛的斑纹，每只熊都有独特的斑纹，故选 A。
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【14 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The IUCN Red List estimates abut 10,000 adults glbally, with Blivia and Peru
likely having the mst due t habitat quality and size.(世界自然保护联盟红色名录估计，全球约有 1 万只成年安
第斯熊，由于栖息地的质量和面积，玻利维亚和秘鲁可能是最多的)”可知，玻利维亚和秘鲁可能拥有最多
的安第斯熊因为能提供适宜的栖息地。故选 C。
【15 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The species tends t be mst active during the day, but its mvement varies
seasnally and between gegraphic areas.(该物种往往在白天最活跃，但其运动随季节和地理区域而变化)”可
知，接下来可能会继续介绍安第斯熊的活动，故选 A。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sprts injuries happen when we push ur bdy t hard, and mistakes like running t much r nt warming
up enugh can als cause them. ____16____
Set realistic gals.
Yu shuld definitely set gals and wrk hard t achieve them. ____17____ Whether yur gal is t swim
mre laps r run a specific distance, set an btainable gal and gradually wrk t imprve.
Plan and prepare.
If yu plan t begin exercising regularly, yu shuld meet with a health adviser first and discuss yur ptins.
____18____ Wrking with a persnal trainer is ften a safe and enjyable way t start a new activity.
Warm up and cl dwn.
It is imprtant t warm up befre physical activity because research has shwn that a heated muscle is less
likely t be strained (扭伤). One way experts recmmend is sme light walking r jgging befre yu start yur
exercise and then again afterward t help yur muscles cl dwn slwly. ____19____ This can be dne by
stretching befre and after a wrkut, but it is best t d s nce the bdy is already warm.
Take yur time.
Dn’t push yurself t hard r t fast. ____20____ We need t allw fr enugh time t gradually increase
training levels s that ur bdies have time t adjust t the stress n ur bnes, jints and muscles. Fr instance,
when yu are running, increase the distance gradually and give yurself plenty f time t recver between
wrkuts.
A. Getting in shape r learning a new sprt takes time.
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B. Hwever, it’s crucial that yur gals are realistic and achievable.
C. Anther imprtant way t prevent injury is t increase yur flexibility.
D. Adjust yur activities if yur bdy is shwing signs f t much stress.
E. Als, take yur time t learn the best techniques required fr yur sprt.
F. If unsure f hw t d an exercise prperly, ask a cach r trainer fr help.
G. T help keep yu frm experiencing such injuries, here are sme preventive tips.
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. F 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就避免运动受伤提出了一些建议。
【16 题详解】
根据上文“Sprts injuries happen when we push ur bdy t hard, and mistakes like running t much r nt
warming up enugh can als cause them.(运动损伤发生在我们用力过猛的时候，像跑得太多或热身不够这样的
错误也会导致运动损伤)”可知，上文提到了造成运动损伤，后文给出了避免受伤的建议，故 G 选项“为了
帮助你避免遭受这样的伤害，这里有一些预防建议”符合语境，故选 G。
17 题详解】
根据上文“Yu shuld definitely set gals and wrk hard t achieve them.(你一定要设定目标，并努力实现它们)”
以及后文“Whether yur gal is t swim mre laps r run a specific distance, set an btainable gal and gradually
wrk t imprve.(无论你的目标是多游几圈还是跑一段特定的距离，都要设定一个可实现的目标，并逐步努
力提高)”可知，本句主要建议设定的目标需要切实可行，B 选项 achievable 对应后文 btainable。故 B 选项
“然而，重要的是你的目标要现实可行”符合语境，故选 B。
【18 题详解】
根据上文“If yu plan t begin exercising regularly, yu shuld meet with a health adviser first and discuss yur
ptins.(如果你计划开始定期锻炼，你应该先与健康顾问会面，讨论你的选择)”以及后文“Wrking with a
persnal trainer is ften a safe and enjyable way t start a new activity.(与私人教练一起锻炼通常是开始一项新
活动的一种安全而愉快的方式)”可知，本句主要说明锻炼需要按照教练的指导，才不会受伤，故 F 选项“如
果不确定如何正确地做运动，请向教练或教员寻求帮助”符合语境，故选 F。
【19 题详解】
根据上文“It is imprtant t warm up befre physical activity because research has shwn that a heated muscle is
less likely t be strained (扭伤). One way experts recmmend is sme light walking r jgging befre yu start
yur exercise and then again afterward t help yur muscles cl dwn slwly.(运动前热身是很重要的，因为研
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究表明，肌肉加热后不太可能拉伤。专家建议的一种方法是在开始锻炼之前进行一些轻微的散步或慢跑，
然后再进行一次，以帮助你的肌肉慢慢冷却下来)”以及后文“This can be dne by stretching befre and after a
wrkut, but it is best t d s nce the bdy is already warm.(这可以通过在锻炼前后伸展来完成，但最好是在
身体已经暖和的时候进行)”可知，后文提到锻炼前后要伸展，推测本句主要说明伸展的作用，故 C 选项“另
一个防止受伤的重要方法是增加你的柔韧性”符合语境，故选 C。
【20 题详解】
根据上文“Dn’t push yurself t hard r t fast.(不要把自己逼得太紧或太快)”以及后文“We need t
allw fr enugh time t gradually increase training levels s that ur bdies have time t adjust t the stress n ur
bnes, jints and muscles.(我们需要留出足够的时间来逐渐提高训练水平，这样我们的身体就有时间来适应骨
骼、关节和肌肉所承受的压力)”可知，本段的主旨是运动不能心急，需要循序渐进，故 A 选项“保持身材
或学习一项新运动需要时间”符合语境，故选 A。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Mre than 20 years ag, I brke away frm almst everyne in my family. On the whle, I had lng felt
____21____, like an utsider.
In 2009, I ____22____ t start fresh with my family. It was time fr me t try t ____23____ r at least srt
ut sme small, bthersme prblems. I realized my relatives — and I — might ___24___ a secnd chance, and
besides, nne f us was getting any ____25____.
I decided t g family member by family member t ____26____. My mther, then 80, came first. It was she
with whm I had ____27____ the deepest, mst trubling rift (裂痕). Our lng-verdue reunin in my hmetwn
in New Jersey went as I had ____28____. We talked it all thrugh — what happened and why, and hw we
____29____ nw. “I’m srry,” I _____30_____ said. “I’m srry, t,” my mther said. We held hands and
_____31_____. And that was that, mther and sn nce again were n speaking terms.
_____32_____ by this breakthrugh, I wuld attempt the same with ther clse _____33_____ ver the next
few years. On Thanksgiving 2013, I put my _____34_____ family back tgether. I reunited with relatives I’d last
seen 16 years earlier. There, I reestablished my relatinships with my father’s tw sisters, then 85 and 79, as well as
three f my first cusins. We each then tk turns at the dining-rm table citing ur reasns fr _____35_____. “I’
m just grateful t be welcmed back int the fld,” I said.
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21 A. turned dwn B. left ut C. brught up D. fcused n
22. A. frgt B. reslved C. refused D. failed
23. A. fix B. discuss C. discver D. ignre
24. A. supply B. deserve C. avid D. ffer
25. A. lder B. richer C. strnger D. yunger
26. A. debate B. persuade C. recnnect D. praise
27. A. widened B. caused C. narrwed D. mended
28. A. hped B. feared C. remembered D. bserved
29. A. lie B. cmpete C. feel D. respnd
30. A. finally B. rarely C. ccasinally D. suddenly
31. A. jumped B. shuted C. argued D. hugged
32. A. Inspired B. Disappinted C. Annyed D. Cnfused
33. A. friends B. strangers C. relatives D. wrkmates
34. A. harmnius B. pr C. nuclear D. brken
35. A. anger B. srrw C. gratitude D. jy
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. A
31. D 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在和家中的亲属断绝关系 20 年以后，决定和家人重新开始。作
者先是和自己的母亲修复了关系，之后逐渐是其他亲戚，作者感激再次回到家族中。
【21 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：总的说来，我一直觉得自己被忽略了，像个局外人。A. turned dwn 拒绝；B. left
ut 被忽略；C. brught up 抚养长大；D. fcused n 集中。根据后文“like an utsider”可知，作者被忽略了，
像个局外人。故选 B。
【22 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2009 年，我决定和我的家人重新开始。A. frgt 忘记；B. reslved 决定；C. refused
拒绝；D. failed失败。根据后文“t start fresh with my family”可知，作者决定和家人重新开始，为短语reslve
t d sth.。后文“I decided t g family member by family member t”也是提示。故选 B。
【23 题详解】
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考查动词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，是时候尝试解决或至少解决一些小的、令人烦恼的问题了。A. fix 解
决；B. discuss 讨论；C. discver 发现；D. ignre 忽视。根据后文“r at least srt ut sme small, bthersme
prblems”可知，此处指尝试解决或至少解决一些小的、令人烦恼的问题，故选 A。
【24 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我的亲戚们——还有我——应该得到第二次机会，再说，我们谁也不
再年轻了。A. supply 供应；B. deserve 值得；C. avid 避免；D. ffer 提议。根据后文“a secnd chance”可
知，作者认为自己和亲戚都值得第二次机会，故选 B。
【25 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我的亲戚们——还有我——应该得到第二次机会，再说，我们谁也
不再年轻了。A. lder 更老的；B. richer 更富有的；C. strnger 更强壮的；D. yunger 更年轻的。根据前文“a
secnd chance, and besides, nne f us was getting any”可知，作者决定给第二次机会是因为他们都不在年轻
了。故选 D。
【26 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定一个家庭一个家庭地去重新联系。A. debate 辩论；B. persuade 说服；C.
recnnect 重新沟通；D. praise 赞美。根据前文“Mre than 20 years ag, I brke away frm almst everyne in
my family.(20 多年前，我和家里几乎所有人都分开了)”可知，和家人分开，如今要一个家庭一个家庭地去
重新联系。故选 C。
【27 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和她之间产生了最深、最令人不安的裂痕。A. widened 变宽；B. caused 造成；
C. narrwed 使缩小；D. mended 修补。根据后文“the deepest, mst trubling rift”可知，两人之间产生了很
深的裂痕。故选 B。
【28 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在新泽西老家久违的重聚如我所愿。A. hped 希望；B. feared 恐惧；C.
remembered 记得；D. bserved 观察。根据后文“We talked it all thrugh — what happened and why, and hw
we”可知，作者和母亲重逢了和好了，所以是如作者希望的那样，故选 A。
【29 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们把一切都谈了一遍——发生了什么，为什么发生，以及我们现在的感受。
A. lie 撒谎；B. cmpete 比赛；C. feel 感觉；D. respnd 回答。根据前文“We talked it all thrugh — what
happened and why, and hw we”可知，他们谈论发生的事情以及当下的感受。故选 C。
【30 题详解】
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考查副词词义辨析。句意：“对不起，”我最后说。A. finally 最后；B. rarely 很少；C. ccasinally 偶尔；D.
suddenly 突然。根据前文“I’m srry”可知，作者最后为自己和母亲之间的裂痕道歉了，故选 A。
【31 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们手牵着手拥抱。A. jumped 跳跃；B. shuted 叫喊；C. argued 争论；D. hugged
拥抱。根据前文“We held hands and”可知，作者和母亲和好了，所以手牵着手拥抱，其他选项不符合语境。
故选 D。
【32 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受到这一突破的启发，在接下来的几年里，我将对其他近亲进行同样的尝试。
A. Inspired 受启发的；B. Disappinted 失望的；C. Annyed 生气的；D. Cnfused 困惑的。根据后文“by this
breakthrugh, I wuld attempt the same with ther clse”可知，作者受到了和母亲修复关系的启发后，开始尝
试和其他亲戚修复关系。故选 A。
【33 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：受到这一突破的启发，在接下来的几年里，我将对其他近亲进行同样的尝试。
A. friends 朋友；B. strangers 陌生人；C. relatives 亲戚；D. wrkmates 同事。呼应前文“I realized my relatives
— and I”可知，作者对其他亲戚也尝试修复关系，故选 C。
【34 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2013 年的感恩节，我让破碎的家庭重归于好。A. harmnius 和谐的；B. pr
贫穷的；C. nuclear 核子的；D. brken 破碎的。根据后文“I reunited with relatives I’d last seen 16 years earlier.
There, I reestablished my relatinships with my father’s tw sisters, then 85 and 79, as well as three f my first
cusins.(我和 16 年前最后一次见面的亲戚团聚了。在那里，我和父亲的两个姐妹（当时分别是 85 岁和 79
岁）以及我的三个表兄妹重新建立了关系)”可知，作者让破碎的家庭重归于好。故选 D。
【35 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我们每个人轮流在餐桌上说出我们感恩的理由。A. anger 生气；B. srrw 悲
伤；C. gratitude 感激；D. jy 快乐。根据前文“On Thanksgiving 2013”以及后文“I’m just grateful t be
welcmed back int the fld(我很感激你们欢迎我回来)”可知，每个人轮流说出感恩的理由。故选 C。
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Frbidden City is the largest medieval (中世纪的) palace architecture in the wrld, and was the main
palace f China’s final tw dynasties: the Ming and Qing dynasties. It cvers a vast area, ____36____ is abut
150,000 square meters, and includes many buildings.
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While mst f the buildings in the Frbidden City ____37____ (make) frm wd and have a similar style, its
architecture is rich ____38____ delicate variatins and symblism. It has sme f the grandest and mst
histrically ____39____ (significance) buildings and features in China.
Feng shui is ____40____ key feature f the Frbidden City. ____41____ (base) n the principles f feng shui,
the layut was designed t be symmetrical (对称的).
Emphasizing the unin between mankind and nature is ne f the mst imprtant ____42____ (practice)
within Chinese traditins and philsphy. ____43____ (maintain) balance and harmny, all the main buildings
were cnstructed symmetrically alng the central axis (轴). The Palace f Heavenly Purity ____44____ (particular)
reflects this idea.
Als, accrding t traditinal Chinese culture, the status f the left side is much _____45_____ (great) than
the right side. Therefre, the Imperial Ancestral Temple was cnstructed n the left-hand side f the suth-nrth
axis, and the Altar f Earth and Harvests was situated n the right-hand side.
【答案】36. which
37. are made
38. in 39. significant
40. a 41. Based
42. practices
43. T maintain
44. particularly
45. greater
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了故宫的一些建筑特色以及建筑理念。
【36 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它占地面积很大，约 15 万平方米，包括许多建筑。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 area
，在从句作主语，指物，故填 which。
【37 题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：虽然故宫的大部分建筑都是木制的，风格相似，但它的建筑却充满了微妙的变化和
象征意义。根据后文 is 可知为一般现在时，此处从句主语 mst f the buildings in the Frbidden City 与谓语
构成被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填 are made。
【38 题详解】
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考查介词。句意：虽然故宫的大部分建筑都是木制的，风格相似，但它的建筑却充满了微妙的变化和象征
意义。短语 be rich in 表示“充满”。故填 in。
【39 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它拥有中国最宏伟、最具历史意义的建筑和特色。修饰名词 buildings 用形容词 significant。
故填 significant。
【40 题详解】
考查冠词。句意：风水是故宫的一大特色。此处 feature 为泛指，且 key 是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故
填 a。
【41 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：根据风水原理，布局被设计成对称的。短语 be based n 表示“基于”，过去分词
作状语，首字母大写。故填 Based。
【42 题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：强调人与自然的结合是中国传统和哲学中最重要的实践之一。此处为短语 ne f+最
高级+可数名词复数。故填 practices。
【43 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保持平衡与和谐，所有的主要建筑都沿着中轴线对称地建造。此处 maintain
作目的状语，用不定式，首字母大写。故填 T maintain。
【44 题详解】
考查副词。句意：乾清宫尤其体现了这一理念。修饰动词 reflect 用副词 particularly，故填 particularly。
【45 题详解】
考查比较级。句意：此外，根据中国传统文化，左侧的地位比右侧大得多。根据后文 than 可知为比较级。
故填 greater。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
46. 假定你是国际学校音乐社团的负责人李华，你校准备组建一个多语种合唱团(multilingual chir)，想邀请
学校的英国老师 Mr. Black 来做音乐指导(instructr)。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 写邮件的目的；
2. 邀请理由。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
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（北京）股份有限公司
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Black,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Black,
I hpe this email finds yu well. I am Li Hua, the head f the music club at ur internatinal schl. I am
writing t invite yu t serve as the instructr fr ur newly established multilingual chir.
Yur extensive experience in music and yur prficiency in multiple languages make yu the perfect
candidate t guide ur chir in explring the wnders f multicultural music. We believe that with yur expertise,
ur chir will thrive and bring harmnius meldies t ur schl cmmunity.
Lking frward t yur psitive respnse.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校准备组建一个多语种合唱团，要求考生写邮件邀请学校的英国老
师 Mr. Black 来做音乐指导。
【详解】1.词汇积累
担任：serve as→wrk as
广泛的：extensive→wide
专业知识：expertise→prfessinal knwledge
繁荣：thrive→flurish
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：We believe that with yur expertise, ur chir will thrive and bring harmnius meldies t ur schl
cmmunity.
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（北京）股份有限公司
拓展句：We hld the belief that with yur expertise, ur chir will thrive and bring harmnius meldies t ur
schl cmmunity.
【点睛】[高分句型 1] We believe that with yur expertise, ur chir will thrive and bring harmnius meldies t
ur schl cmmunity. (运用了 that 引导宾语从句)
[高分句型 2] Yur extensive experience in music and yur prficiency in multiple languages make yu the perfect
candidate t guide ur chir in explring the wnders f multicultural music. (运用了不定式作后置定语)
第二节（满分 25 分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
We’d just dwnsized ur hme. As grateful as I was t have a rf ver ur heads, I culdn’t help but feel blue.
Our ld huse was beautiful and huge. Our current hme? Half the size and crwded. We’d had t give away r
thrw away a lt f ur stuff. But there were still bxes everywhere, frm the family rm t the garage (车库).
The day after the mve, while the kids were in schl, I tackled mre bxes. By the afternn, I’d made real
prgress. The furniture was unpacked. The phts were hanging n the walls. But it just didn’t feel like hme.
Maybe I culd change that. I checked the kitchen cupbard and saw that I had enugh ingredients t bake
chclate chip ckies. Just like my grandma used t make whenever I needed cheering up. Wuldn’t that be a nice
surprise fr the kids? When they gt hme frm schl, there’d be fresh ckies waiting fr them n the kitchen
cunter.
I put n my aprn (围裙), measured ut the brwn sugar and butter and gt t wrk. One by ne, I added eggs
t the mixer (搅拌机).
POP!
What in the wrld? The mixer stpped wrking. My mixer was brken. “Really?!” I felt like screaming. It was
just a kitchen device, but it felt like the last straw. What mre did I have t give up?
What wuld my grandma d? She’d lived thrugh the Great Depressin and had lst everything. Even in the
face f hardship, she’d kept her family tgether. She used whatever she had t get by. Grandma wuldn’t quit. She’
d find anther way. Inspired, I ran t the garage and searched the remaining bxes. Fund it!
I pulled ut Grandma’s ld white mixer. The ne she’d passed n t me. She’d purchased it back in the 50’s
and it was ancient. I’d marked the bx it was in as “easily brken”, but the mvers hadn’t paid attentin. They’d
drpped it anyway.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右;
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（北京）股份有限公司
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I wndered if it still wrked.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Tw hurs later, the kids pened the dr and said, “Mmmm, ckies!”
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
I wndered if it still wrked. With a mixture f hpe and dubt, I plugged it in and turned it n. T my surprise,
the ld mixer hummed t life, blending the ingredients with a satisfying rhythm. It wasn’t as pwerful as my
mdern ne, but it was ding its jb. As I cntinued mixing, I thught abut hw she had always been able t find
jy in the simplest things. This ld mixer was a symbl f her resilience and determinatin. I was determined t
make the best ckies pssible with it, just like she had dne fr me s many times befre.
Tw hurs later, the kids pened the dr and said, “Mmmm, ckies!” Their faces lit up with surprise and
delight as they saw the plate f freshly baked chclate chip ckies n the kitchen cunter. They each tk a
ckie, bit int it, and sighed with happiness. I watched them, feeling a deep sense f satisfactin. The ckies had
dne their magic, bringing a tuch f warmth and lve t ur smaller space. And as I lked at Grandma’s ld
mixer, I realized that smetimes, the things we think are brken can still bring us the greatest jy.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者家刚刚缩小了房子的面积，现在房子又小又拥挤，作者很沮
丧。于是为了有家的感觉，作者检查了厨房的橱柜，发现有足够的材料来烤巧克力饼干。作者最后通过奶
奶的老式白色搅拌器制作出了饼干，这也让作者重拾了对生活的信心和勇气。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我想知道它是否还能用”可知，第一段可描写作者开始使用奶奶的搅拌器制作饼干
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（北京）股份有限公司
的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“两个小时后，孩子们打开门说：‘嗯，饼干！’”可知，第二段可描写孩子们吃到饼
干以及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：使用搅拌机——制作饼干——饼干做好——孩子吃饼干——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①继续：cntinue/g n
②决定：be determined t/decide t/reslve
③意识到：realize/be aware f
情绪类
①乐趣：jy/fun
②快乐：happiness/pleasure
【点睛】[高分句型 1] As I cntinued mixing, I thught abut hw she had always been able t find jy in the
simplest things. (运用了 as 引导时间状语从句，hw 引导宾语从句)
[高分句型 2] I watched them, feeling a deep sense f satisfactin. (运用了现在分词作状语)
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