初中英语2025届中考语法复习动名词知识讲解

这是一份初中英语2025届中考语法复习动名词知识讲解，共4页。
1.动名词概说
动名词既具有动词的性质，又具有名词的性质，因此叫动名词。（归根结底动名词的词性是名词。）
① 动名词的动词性质表现在，它可以组成动名词短语，如：
My jb is arranging the agenda fr my bss.
我的工作是为老板安排日程。
I finished the prject in a mnth by wrking vertime.
我靠加班在一个月内做完了这个项目。
② 动名词的名词性质表现在，它可以在句中用作主语、宾语等，如：
Studying abrad can be a gd experience.
留学是一种很好的经历。(作主语)
I regret telling her the truth.
我后悔告诉她事实真相了。(作宾语)
2.动名词的形式和特征
① 动名词的主动形式：ding
② 动名词的被动形式：being dne
⑤ 动名词的复合结构：形容词性物主代词/名词所有格/名词/宾格人称代词+动名词
在动名词复合结构中，物主代词或名词所有格是动名词的逻辑主语，这种复合结构多用作主语或宾语，也可用作表语或介词宾语。当动名词短语作宾语，放在动词或介词后时，名词所有格或物主代词分别可用名词普通格或人称代词宾格代替，如：
She suggested us frgiving him.
她建议我们原谅他。(作宾语)
His nt knwing English brught him a lt f incnvenience．
他不懂英语，这给他带来许多麻烦。(作主语)
Our nly wrry is Gerge’s verestimating himself.
我们唯一担心的就是乔治高估了他自己。(作表语)
I strngly bject t yur delivering the speech.
我强烈反对你发表讲话。(作介词宾语)
3.动名词的用法
① 动名词作主语
Retelling stries is very useful．
复述故事是很有用的。
Her resigning surprises us．
她的辞职让我们很惊讶。
在一些句子中，常用 it 作形式主语，将动名词放在句子后面。此类句型有：
1) It is + n use/n gd/n fun/a great pleasure/a waste f time等名词+ding sth.
It is n gd crying.
哭没有好处。
It is n use fixing.
修也没有用。
It is great fun traveling.
旅行很有趣。
It is a waste f time playing cmputer games.
玩电脑游戏是浪费时间。
2) It is + useless+ding sth.
It is useless crying.
哭没有用。
② 动名词作表语
Seeing is believing.
百闻不如一见。
My idea is making a plan first.
我的想法是先做一个计划出来。
③ 动名词作宾语
动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语，如：
I haven't finished reading tday's newspaper．
我还没读完今天的报纸。(动名词reading作动词finish的宾语)
I'm afraid f ging t the dentist．
我害怕去看牙医。(动名词ging作介词f的宾语)
④动名词作定语
I wuld like t chse a huse with a swimming pl.
我想选个带游泳池的房子。
4.动名词与不定式的比较
① 动名词可以作介词的宾语，还可被名词所有格(或物主代词）修饰；不定式通常不作介词宾语，更不能被名词所有格(或物主代词)修饰。
She is afraid f ging t the dentist．(√)
She is afraid f t g t the dentist．(×)
她害怕去看牙医。
② 固定用法
1）某些动词后只能加动名词，常见的此类动词有：admit，avid，cnsider，delay，deny，enjy，escape，finish，include，keep，miss，stp，suggest，give up 等，如：
I enjy dancing．(√)
l enjy t dance．(×)
我喜欢跳舞。
2）某些动词后只能加不定式，常见的此类动词有：agree，ask，claim，chse，decide，demand，determine，expect，fail，hpe，manage，ffer，prmise，quit，refuse，reslve，wish 等，如：
l decide t quit smking．(√)
l decide quitting smking．(X)
我决定戒烟。
3）某些动词后面既可加动名词也可加不定式，常她的此类动词有：attempt，begin，cntinue，deserve，fear，frget，help，intend，learn，like，lve，mean，need，prefer，regret，remember，start，try等，如：
She cannt help crying．她不禁哭了起来。
She cannt help t ck．她不能帮忙做饭。
5.动名词固定搭配
1.cnsider ding sth.考虑做某事
I cnsider waiting a bit lnger befre I give up.
2.practice ding sth.练习做某事
practice ding this type f breathing several times per day.
3.imagine ding sth.想象做某事
I can't imagine marrying such a wman.
4.finish ding sth.完成做某事
Let's finish ding the wrk tgether.
5.give up ding sth.放弃做某事
My father has given up smking.
6.enjy ding sth.喜欢做某事
I enjy playing basketball.
7.keep ding sth.一直做某事
I kept studying English fr 1 hur yesterday evening.
8.put ff ding sth.推迟做某事
Smetimes students put ff ding their hmewrk until the last minute.
9.admit ding sth.承认做某事
He admitted making the mistake.
10.suggest ding sth.建议做某事
I suggest traveling abrad next mnth.
11.risk ding sth.冒险做某事
T win the gamble,he risked lsing 100 dllars.
12.advise ding sth.建议做某事
He advises ging t see a mvie.
13.allw ding sth.允许做某事
We dn't allw smking in the classrm.
14.avid ding sth.避免做某事
Try t avid drinking and smking.
15.appreciate ding sth.感谢做某事
We shall appreciate hearing frm yu again.
16.delay ding sth.拖延做某事
Why have yu delayed writing t him
17.deny ding sth.否认做某事
Jhn denied signing the cntract.
18.escape ding sth.逃脱做某事
He escaped being killed.
19.dislike ding sth.不喜欢做某事
He dislikes dancing in public.
20.discuss ding sth.讨论做某事
I like t discuss ding sprts with my friends.
21.excuse ding sth.原谅做某事
He can't excuse cming late fr wrk.
22.fancy ding sth.想象/喜爱做某事
Are yu fancy buying sme fd with me?
23.mind ding sth.介意做某事
Wuld yu mind pening windw?
24.mentin ding sth.提及做某事
He mentined watching TV.
25.frbid ding sth.禁止做某事
They frbid parking here.
26.miss ding sth.错过做某事
The thief missed being caught yesterday.
27.prhibit ding sth.禁止/阻止做某事
The new rules prhibit smking.
28.permit ding sth.允许做某事
We d nt permit smking in the ffice.