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    ②寒假预习-第04讲 必修三 Unit2 课文学习&知识点讲练(教师版)2025年高一英语寒假衔接讲练 (人教版)

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    ②寒假预习-第04讲 必修三 Unit2 课文学习&知识点讲练(教师版)2025年高一英语寒假衔接讲练 (人教版)

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    这是一份②寒假预习-第04讲 必修三 Unit2 课文学习&知识点讲练(教师版)2025年高一英语寒假衔接讲练 (人教版),共22页。试卷主要包含了 carry, majrity, cmplain, respnd, elect, tend, scared, replace等内容,欢迎下载使用。


    高频词汇
    1. carry
    用法:carry sb. thrugh sth.帮助某人渡过难关;使某人熬过(困难时期)。
    例如:His unwavering belief carried him thrugh the darkest days f his life.(他坚定的信念使他熬过了生命中最黑暗的日子。)
    拓展:
    carry n (with/ding sth.):继续(做某事)。
    例如:Despite the difficulties, they carried n with their research.(尽管困难重重,他们仍继续他们的研究。)
    carry ut:执行;实施;落实。
    例如:The team carried ut the plan meticulusly.(团队一丝不苟地执行了这个计划。)
    2. majrity
    用法:n.大部分;大多数。当 “the majrity f + 名词” 作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于 f 后面的名词。若名词为复数,则谓语动词用复数;若名词为不可数名词,则谓语动词用单数。
    例如:The majrity f the students are enthusiastic abut the schl trip.(大多数学生对学校旅行充满热情。)
    例如:The majrity f the water in the lake is plluted.(湖中的大部分水被污染了。)
    拓展:
    majr:作为形容词时,意为主要的;重要的;大的。
    例如:This is a majr breakthrugh in medical research.(这是医学研究中的一个重大突破。)作为动词时,意为主修;专攻。
    例如:She majrs in internatinal relatins.(她主修国际关系。)
    minrity:意为少数(人);少数民族。
    例如:Only a minrity f the ppulatin hlds this view.(只有少数人持有这种观点。)
    3. cmplain
    用法:vi. & vt.抱怨;发牢骚;投诉。
    cmplain (t sb.) f/abut sth.:
    例如:He cmplained t the manager f the pr service in the htel.(他向经理抱怨酒店服务差。)
    cmplain (t sb.) that...:
    例如:She cmplained t her parents that her wrklad was t heavy.(她向父母抱怨她的工作量太大。)
    拓展:“cmplaint” 是名词,意为投诉;抱怨;诉苦。
    例如:The custmer's cmplaint was dealt with prmptly.(顾客的投诉得到了迅速处理。)常用短语 “make a cmplaint abut...”(对…… 提出投诉)。
    例如:They made a cmplaint abut the nise frm the cnstructin site.(他们对建筑工地的噪音提出投诉。)
    4. respnd
    用法:vt.回答;回复;做出反应;回应。
    respnd t...:
    例如:The cmpany failed t respnd t the custmers' inquiries in a timely manner.(公司未能及时回复客户的询问。)
    respnd t... with sth. / by ding sth.:
    例如:The gvernment respnded t the crisis with a series f emergency measures.(政府以一系列紧急措施应对危机。)
    例如:He respnded by writing a lng letter f explanatin.(他以写一封长信解释作为回应。)
    拓展:“respnse” 是名词,意为回答;答复;反应;响应。
    例如:In respnse t the public's cncerns, the new plicy was adjusted.(作为对公众关切的回应,新政策进行了调整。)常用短语 “in respnse t...”(作为对…… 的回应)。
    5. elect
    用法:vt.选举;推选;选择;决定。
    elect sb. (as)...:
    例如:The club elected him as its new president.(俱乐部选他为新主席。)
    elect sb. t...:
    例如:She was elected t the city cuncil.(她被选入市议会。)
    elect t d sth.:
    例如:They elected t pstpne the meeting.(他们决定推迟会议。)
    拓展:“electin” 是名词,意为选举;当选。
    例如:The general electin is scheduled fr next mnth.(大选定于下个月举行。)
    6. tend
    用法:vt.照顾;照料。
    例如:The kind nurse tended the wunded sldiers day and night.(这位善良的护士日夜照料受伤的士兵。)
    拓展:
    tend twards /t...:趋向;趋于。
    例如:The ecnmy tends twards a slwdwn.(经济趋于放缓。)
    tend t d sth.:往往会做某事;易于做某事。
    例如:He tends t be frgetful.(他往往很健忘。)
    tendency:是名词,意为趋势;倾向;偏好。
    例如:There is a grwing tendency fr peple t wrk frm hme.(人们在家工作的趋势日益增长。)
    7. scared
    用法:adj.害怕的;对…… 感到惊慌或恐惧的。
    be scared f (ding) sth.:
    例如:The little girl is scared f the dark.(小女孩害怕黑暗。)
    例如:He is scared f making mistakes.(他害怕犯错。)
    be scared t d sth.:
    例如:She is scared t speak in public.(她不敢在公众场合讲话。)
    be scared t death:吓得要死。
    例如:When the earthquake hit, they were scared t death.(地震发生时,他们吓得要死。)
    拓展:
    scare:作为动词,意为惊吓;使害怕。
    例如:The hrrr mvie scared the audience.(这部恐怖电影吓坏了观众。)常用短语 “scare sb. away/ff”(把某人吓跑)。
    例如:The lud nise scared the birds away.(大噪音把鸟吓跑了。)
    scary:是形容词,意为恐怖的;可怕的。
    例如:That was a really scary experience.(那是一次非常可怕的经历。)
    8. replace
    用法:vt.接替;取代;更换。
    例如:New technlgy has replaced traditinal methds in many industries.(在许多行业中,新技术已经取代了传统方法。)
    拓展:“replacement” 是名词,意为替换;替代品;接替者。
    例如:We need t find a replacement fr the brken machine.(我们需要找到损坏机器的替代品。)其他 “代替……” 的表达有:“take the place f...”。
    例如:Renewable energy is gradually taking the place f fssil fuels.(可再生能源正在逐渐取代化石燃料。)“instead f...”。
    例如:I'll have a salad instead f fries.(我要一份沙拉而不是薯条。)
    9. peratin
    用法:n.手术;企业;经营。
    have an peratin n...:
    例如:He had an peratin n his heart last year.(他去年做了心脏手术。)
    in peratin:运转中;生效;实施中。
    例如:The new factry is nw in peratin.(新工厂现在已投入运营。)
    cme int peratin:开始运转;生效。
    例如:The new law will cme int peratin next week.(新法律下周开始生效。)
    put... int peratin:使…… 运转;实施……。
    例如:The cmpany put the new prductin line int peratin.(公司使新生产线投入运转。)
    拓展:
    perate:作为动词,意为操作;运转;工作;经营;动手术。
    例如:Can yu perate this cmplex equipment?(你能操作这台复杂的设备吗?)
    例如:The cmpany perates glbally.(这家公司在全球运营。)
    例如:The surgen will perate n the patient tmrrw.(外科医生明天给病人动手术。)
    peratr:是名词,意为电话接线员;操作人员。
    例如:The peratr cnnected me t the right department.(接线员把我接到了正确的部门。)
    10. whisper
    用法:vi. & vt.悄声说;耳语;低语;传言;谣传。
    whisper sth. t sb.:
    例如:She whispered a secret t her best friend.(她悄悄地把一个秘密告诉了她最好的朋友。)
    whisper abut sth.:
    例如:The students were whispering abut the upcming exam.(学生们在悄悄谈论即将到来的考试。)
    It is whispered that...:
    例如:It is whispered that the famus actr is getting married.(据传这位著名演员要结婚了。)
    in a whisper = in whispers:低声地;悄声地。
    例如:They were talking in whispers s as nt t wake the baby.(他们低声交谈以免吵醒婴儿。)
    11. assist
    用法:vt.帮助;援助。
    assist (sb.) with/ in sth.:
    例如:The vlunteers assisted the ld peple with their daily chres.(志愿者帮助老人做日常琐事。)
    例如:He assisted in the rganizatin f the event.(他协助组织了这次活动。)
    assist sb. in ding / t d sth.:
    例如:The tutr assisted the student in imprving his writing skills.(导师帮助学生提高写作技能。)
    例如:The cach assisted the athlete t break the recrd.(教练帮助运动员打破纪录。)
    拓展:
    assistance:是名词,意为帮助。
    例如:With the assistance f mdern technlgy, we can slve many prblems mre easily.(借助现代技术,我们可以更轻松地解决许多问题。)常用短语 “cme t ne's assistance”(帮助某人)。
    例如:When I lst my way, a kind stranger came t my assistance.(当我迷路时,一个好心的陌生人来帮助我。)
    assistant:作为名词,意为助理;助手。
    例如:My assistant will handle the details.(我的助手会处理细节。)作为形容词,意为助理的;副的。
    例如:He is an assistant prfessr.(他是一名助理教授。)
    12. memry
    用法:n.记忆力;回忆。
    in memry f...:为了纪念……。
    例如:The mnument was built in memry f the heres wh sacrificed themselves.(这座纪念碑是为了纪念牺牲的英雄们而建的。)
    have a gd/bad memry fr...:
    例如:He has a gd memry fr histrical events.(他对历史事件记忆力很好。)
    in/within ne's memry:
    例如:This is the mst severe strm in my memry.(这是我记忆中最严重的风暴。)
    frm memry:
    例如:The ld man recited the pem frm memry.(老人凭记忆背诵了这首诗。)
    拓展:“memrize” 是动词,意为记住;记忆。
    例如:Yu shuld memrize these key pints fr the exam.(你应该记住这些考试要点。)
    13. tear
    用法:n.眼泪;泪水。
    in tears:流着泪;含着泪;哭着。
    例如:The mther was in tears when she heard the news abut her sn.(母亲听到儿子的消息时哭了。)
    burst int tears:突然大哭起来。
    例如:The child burst int tears when he culdn't find his ty.(孩子找不到玩具时突然大哭起来。)
    be mved t tears:感动得流泪。
    例如:The audience was mved t tears by the tuching perfrmance.(观众被感人的表演感动得流泪。)
    拓展:“tear” 作为动词,意为撕裂;撕碎。
    例如:He tre the envelpe pen impatiently.(他不耐烦地撕开了信封。)常用短语 “tear dwn”(拆除;拆掉)。
    例如:The ld building was trn dwn t make way fr a new ne.(旧建筑被拆除以便建造新的。)“tear up”(撕毁;撕碎)。
    例如:She tre up the letter in anger.(她生气地撕毁了信。)
    14. harm
    用法:n. & vt.伤害;损害。
    d harm t...:
    例如:Excessive drinking des great harm t ne's liver.(过度饮酒对肝脏有很大损害。)
    cause... harm:
    例如:The accident caused serius harm t his physical and mental health.(这次事故对他的身心健康造成了严重伤害。)
    mean n harm:没有恶意。
    例如:I mean n harm. I just want t give yu sme advice.(我没有恶意。我只是想给你一些建议。)
    there is n harm in ding sth.:做某事没有坏处。
    例如:There is n harm in trying new things.(尝试新事物没有坏处。)
    拓展:
    harmful:是形容词,意为有害的。
    例如:Pllutin is harmful t the envirnment and human health.(污染对环境和人类健康有害。)
    harmless:是形容词,意为无害的;无恶意的。
    例如:It's just a harmless jke. Dn't take it t seriusly.(这只是一个无害的玩笑。别太当真。)
    重点句型
    1. nthing is + 形容词比较级 +
    用法:该结构表示 “没有什么比…… 更……”,用比较级的形式来表达最高级的含义。than 后面可以接名词、代词或不定式。
    例如:Nthing is mre precius than time.(没有什么比时间更珍贵。)
    拓展:其他用比较级表示最高级的结构还有:
    “比较级 + than any ther + 可数名词单数”。
    例如:This building is taller than any ther building in the city.(这座建筑比城市里任何其他建筑都高。)
    “比较级 + than the ther + 可数名词复数”。
    例如:This bk is mre interesting than the ther bks n the shelf.(这本书比书架上其他的书都有趣。)
    2. 独立主格结构
    用法:当现在分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,就需要把其逻辑主语放在前面,构成独立主格结构。独立主格结构的逻辑主语常由名词或主格代词充当,其作用相当于一个状语从句,可用来表示原因、时间、条件、方式、伴随或补充说明等情况。
    例如:The rain having stpped, we cntinued ur jurney.(雨停了之后,我们继续旅程。)这里 “The rain” 是 “having stpped” 的逻辑主语,该结构表示时间,相当于 “After the rain stpped”。
    拓展:独立主格结构还有其他形式,如:
    名词 / 主格代词 + 过去分词。
    例如:The task finished, we felt a sense f accmplishment.(任务完成后,我们有一种成就感。)“The task” 是 “finished” 的逻辑主语,表示时间上的先后顺序,相当于 “After the task was finished”。
    名词 / 主格代词 + 不定式。
    例如:Sme students t help, the teacher finished the prject quickly.(有一些学生帮忙,老师很快完成了项目。)“Sme students t help” 表示补充说明。
    3.
    用法:“” 意为 “既不…… 也不……”,常用来连接两个并列的成分,如两个名词、代词、形容词、动词等。当连接两个主语时,谓语动词要遵循 “就近原则”,即与靠近谓语动词的那个主语在人称和数上保持一致。
    例如:Neither the teacher nr the students are satisfied with the result.(老师和学生都对结果不满意。)这里靠近谓语动词 “are” 的主语是 “the students”,所以谓语用 “are”。如果连接的是两个并列分句,且位于句首时,要用部分倒装结构,即把助动词、情态动词或 be 动词提到主语前面。
    例如:Neither des he like reading, nr des he like writing.(他既不喜欢阅读,也不喜欢写作。)
    拓展:表达 “也不……” 的倒装句还可以用 “neither/nr + 助动词 / 情态动词 /be 动词 + 主语”。
    例如:I can't play the pian. Neither can my sister.(我不会弹钢琴。我妹妹也不会。)
    语法精讲
    1. 现在分词 (短语) 作状语
    ( 1 ) 基本用法:
    逻辑主语通常是句子的主语,且和主语是主动关系。它能表示多种逻辑关系。
    时间关系:
    例如:Entering the rm, I saw a beautiful buquet f flwers.(走进房间的时候,我看到了一束漂亮的花。)相当于 When I entered the rm, I saw a beautiful buquet f flwers.
    原因关系:
    例如:Knwing his hnesty, I trusted him cmpletely.(因为知道他很诚实,所以我完全信任他。)这里 “Knwing his hnesty” 是原因状语,相当于 Because I knew his hnesty.
    条件关系:
    例如:Wrking hard, yu will achieve yur gals.(如果努力工作,你将会实现你的目标。)相当于 If yu wrk hard, yu will achieve yur gals.
    让步关系:
    例如:Admitting what he said, I still think he is wrng in sme ways.(尽管承认他说的话,但我仍然认为他在某些方面是错的。)相当于 Althugh I admit what he said, I still think he is wrng in sme ways.
    伴随关系:
    例如:Laughing and talking, the children walked t schl.(孩子们笑着、说着走向学校。)“Laughing and talking” 表示伴随的动作,和 “walked” 同时发生。
    结果关系:
    例如:The strm lasted fr days, causing great damage t the crps.(暴风雨持续了好几天,给庄稼造成了巨大的损害。)“causing great damage t the crps” 是 “暴风雨持续好几天” 导致的结果。
    ( 2 ) 注意事项:
    时态形式:
    一般式(ding):表示和谓语动词同时发生或几乎同时发生。
    例如:Hearing the news, she jumped with jy.(听到这个消息,她高兴得跳了起来。)“听到消息” 和 “跳起来” 几乎同时发生。
    完成式(having dne):表示在谓语动词之前发生。
    例如:Having visited Paris many times, he knew the city very well.(因为去过巴黎很多次,所以他对这个城市非常了解。)“去过巴黎很多次” 这个动作在 “对这个城市非常了解” 之前。
    语态形式:
    主动式(ding 和 having dne):
    例如:Taking a walk in the park, I enjyed the fresh air.(我在公园散步,享受着新鲜空气。)“Taking a walk” 是主动动作,逻辑主语是 I。
    被动式(being dne 和 having been dne):
    例如:Being praised by the teacher, he felt a little shy.(被老师表扬的时候,他感觉有点害羞。)“Being praised” 是被动动作,逻辑主语是 he。
    例如:Having been invited t the party, she prepared a nice gift.(已经被邀请参加聚会后,她准备了一份精美的礼物。)“Having been invited” 是完成时的被动,强调 “被邀请” 这个动作先完成。
    独立主格结构:当现在分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时,在现在分词短语前加上逻辑主语构成独立主格结构。
    例如:The meeting being ver, all the participants left the rm.(会议结束后,所有与会者都离开了房间。)“The meeting” 是 “being ver” 的逻辑主语,和句子主语 “all the participants” 不同。
    2. 现在分词 (短语) 作宾语补足语
    用法:
    用于感官动词(如 see、hear、feel、watch、ntice 等)和使役动词(如 have、get、leave、keep 等)后,表示宾语正在进行的动作或状态。
    感官动词后:
    例如:I saw a by running n the playgrund.(我看见一个男孩正在操场上跑步。)“running” 作 “a by” 的宾语补足语,说明 “男孩” 正在进行 “跑步” 这个动作。
    例如:She heard smene singing in the next rm.(她听到有人在隔壁房间唱歌。)“singing” 补充说明 “有人” 正在 “唱歌”。
    使役动词后:
    例如:The bss had the wrkers wrking vertime.(老板让工人们加班。)“wrking” 表示 “工人们” 正在进行 “加班” 这个动作。
    例如:He left the water running.(他让水一直流着。)“running” 说明 “水” 的状态是 “一直流着”。
    拓展:
    在 “with 的复合结构” 中作宾语补足语,和宾语是主动关系。
    例如:With the wind blwing strngly, we had t stay indrs.(因为风刮得很大,我们不得不待在室内。)“blwing” 作 “the wind” 的宾语补足语,“the wind” 和 “blwing” 是主动关系。
    提升练习(2019人教版英语必修三第18页)
    Cmplete the sentences with the crrect frms f the verbs in the bx.
    feel want face smile return wrry hear knck
    1. ___________that his wife had been injured in an accident, Mr. Jhnsn hurried t the hspital.
    2. During the peratin, she sat in the waiting rm fr ver an hur ___________abut him.
    3. I saw her whispering smething int his ear, bviusly nt ___________t be heard.
    4. He suddenly wke up at midnight when he heard smene ___________at his dr.
    5. ___________higher imprt and exprt csts, the cmpany is lking fr ways t survive.
    6. ___________frm the Nrth Ple, the traveler wrte a bk abut his experience and had it published the fllwing year.
    7. The child lay n her mther’s lap, ___________sweetly.
    8. ___________hurt by the rejectin, she bit her lip and quietly walked away.
    1. 答案:Hearing
    解析:此处考查现在分词作状语,逻辑主语是 Mr. Jhnsn,Mr. Jhnsn 和 hear 之间是主动关系,即 “约翰逊先生听说他妻子在事故中受伤了”,所以用 Hearing,表示时间上 “一听说…… 就……”,引导时间状语。
    2. 答案:wrrying
    解析:此处考查现在分词作伴随状语,she 和 wrry 是主动关系,“她坐在等候室一个多小时,一直担心着他”,用 wrrying 来描述伴随 sat 这个动作同时发生的状态。
    3. 答案:wanting
    解析:此处考查现在分词作伴随状语,逻辑主语是 her,her 和 want 是主动关系,“我看到她对他耳语着什么,显然不想被别人听到”,want t d 表示 “想要做某事”,这里用现在分词形式 wanting 体现伴随的情况。
    4. 答案:kncking
    解析:hear sb. ding sth. 表示 “听到某人正在做某事”,这里指 “听到有人正在敲门”,所以用 kncking,强调动作正在进行。
    5. 答案:Facing
    解析:考查现在分词作状语,the cmpany 和 face 是主动关系,“面对更高的进出口成本,公司正在寻找生存之道”,Facing 在这里引导原因状语,说明公司采取行动的原因。
    6. 答案:Returning
    解析:考查现在分词作状语,逻辑主语是 the traveler,the traveler 和 return 是主动关系,“从北极回来后,这位旅行者写了一本关于他经历的书,并在次年出版了”,Returning 引导时间状语,说明写书这个动作发生的时间背景。
    7. 答案:smiling
    解析:考查现在分词作伴随状语,逻辑主语是 The child,The child 和 smile 是主动关系,“孩子躺在妈妈的腿上,甜甜地笑着”,用 smiling 来描述伴随 lay 这个动作同时发生的状态。
    8. 答案:Feeling
    解析:考查现在分词作原因状语,逻辑主语是 she,she 和 feel 是主动关系,“因为感觉被拒绝伤害到了,她咬了咬嘴唇,静静地走开了”,Feeling 用于说明后面动作发生的原因。
    核心考点 1:carry
    1.(选择题)The lve frm his family carried him ______ the hard time.
    A. ff B. thrugh C. ut D. n
    答案:B
    解析:carry sb. thrugh sth. 意思是 “帮助某人度过艰难时期”,这里说家庭的爱帮助他度过艰难时光,所以选 B。ff 是 “离开;带走”;ut 是 “执行;出去”;n 是 “继续;在…… 上面”,都不符合。
    2.(翻译题)他的友谊帮我熬过了孤独的日子。
    _______________________________________________________________________________
    答案:His friendship carried me thrugh the lnely days.
    3.(填空题)We shuld carry ______ ur plan.
    答案:ut
    解析:carry ut 表示 “执行;实施”,这里说应该执行我们的计划,所以填 ut。carry n 是 “继续”,这里不合适。
    核心考点 2:majrity
    1.(选择题)The ______ f peple like music.
    A. majr B. majrity C. mst D. mainly
    答案:B
    解析:the majrity f... 表示 “大多数……”,这里说大多数人喜欢音乐,所以选 B。majr 是 “专业;主要的”;mst 是 “大多数”,但一般用 “mst f...”;mainly 是 “主要地”,是副词,都不对。
    2.(翻译题)大多数孩子都喜欢玩游戏。
    _______________________________________________________________________________
    答案:The majrity f children like playing games.
    3.(填空题)A ______ (majr) f the students are here.
    答案:majrity
    解析:a majrity f 表示 “大多数”,这里说大多数学生在这里,所以填 majrity。majr 是 “主要的”,不符合。
    核心考点 3:cmplain
    1.(选择题)She cmplained ______ her teacher abut t much hmewrk.
    A. t B. fr C. with D. at
    答案:A
    解析:cmplain t sb. abut sth. 表示 “向某人抱怨某事”,这里是向老师抱怨作业多,所以选 A。fr 是 “为了;因为”;with 是 “和…… 一起;用……”;at 是 “在……”,都不正确。
    2.(翻译题)他向父母抱怨学校的饭菜不好吃。
    _______________________________________________________________________________
    答案:He cmplained t his parents abut the bad fd in schl.
    3.(填空题)He cmplained ______ a headache.
    答案:f
    解析:cmplain f 表示 “诉说(病痛等)”,这里说诉说头疼,所以填 f。cmplain abut 是 “抱怨某事”,这里说病痛用 f 更合适。
    核心考点 4:respnd
    1.(选择题)The by respnded ______ my questin quickly.
    A. t B. fr C. with D. at
    答案:A
    解析:respnd t... 表示 “对…… 作出回应”,这里是对问题作出回应,所以选 A。fr 是 “为了;因为”;with 是 “和…… 一起;用……”;at 是 “在……”,都不符合。
    2.(翻译题)她用微笑回应了他的帮助。
    _______________________________________________________________________________
    答案:She respnded t his help with a smile.
    3.(填空题)There was n respnse ______ his letter.
    答案:t
    解析:respnse t... 表示 “对…… 的回应”,这里说对他的信没有回应,所以填 t。fr 是错误的搭配。
    核心考点 5:elect
    1.(选择题)We elected him ______ ur leader.
    A. as B. fr C. t D. with
    答案:A
    解析:elect sb. as... 表示 “选举某人成为……”,这里是选举他成为我们的领导,所以选 A。elect fr 搭配错误;elect sb. t... 一般是 “选某人进入……”;elect with 搭配错误。
    2.(翻译题)他们选举了一位新班长。
    _______________________________________________________________________________
    答案:They elected a new mnitr.
    3.(填空题)He was elected ______ the team.
    答案:t
    解析:elect sb. t... 这里是他被选入团队,所以填 t。fr 不符合这个用法。
    核心考点 6:tend
    1.(选择题)The dctr tended ______ the sick peple.
    A. fr B. t C. with D. at
    答案:B
    解析:tend t sb. 表示 “照顾某人”,这里是医生照顾病人,所以选 B。tend fr、tend with、tend at 都是错误搭配。
    2.(翻译题)护士们精心照料病人。
    _______________________________________________________________________________
    答案:The nurses tended t the patients carefully.
    3.(填空题)Prices tend ______ g up.
    答案:t
    解析:tend t d sth. 表示 “往往会做某事”,这里是价格往往会上涨,所以填 t。fr 是错误的。
    核心考点 7:scared
    1.(选择题)The girl is scared ______ dgs.
    A. f B. t C. with D. at
    答案:A
    解析:be scared f sth. 表示 “害怕某物”,这里是女孩害怕狗,所以选 A。be scared t d sth. 是 “害怕做某事”,这里 dgs 是名词,不是动词;be scared with 和 be scared at 都是错误搭配。
    2.(翻译题)他害怕晚上一个人走路。
    _______________________________________________________________________________
    答案:He is scared t walk alne at night.
    3.(填空题)The lud nise scared the baby ______ (cry).
    答案:t cry
    解析:scare sb. t d sth. 表示 “吓得某人做某事”,这里是噪音吓得婴儿哭,所以填 t cry。
    核心考点 8:“nthing is + 形容词比较级 + ”
    1.(选择题)Nthing is ______ (interesting) than reading a gd bk.
    答案:mre interesting
    解析:此结构用比较级表示最高级,“没有什么比读一本好书更有趣”,所以用 mre interesting。
    2.(翻译题)没有什么比健康更重要。
    _______________________________________________________________________________
    答案:Nthing is mre imprtant than health.
    3.(填空题)Nthing is ______ (exciting) than traveling t new places.
    答案:mre exciting
    解析:根据结构,用 exciting 的比较级 mre exciting,表示 “没有什么比去新地方旅行更令人兴奋”。
    核心考点 9:独立主格结构
    1.(填空题)The hmewrk ______ (finish), we went ut t play.
    答案:finished
    解析:“作业” 和 “完成” 是被动关系,用过去分词 finished 构成独立主格结构,表示 “作业完成后”。
    2.(翻译题)天气晴朗,我们决定去野餐。
    _______________________________________________________________________________
    答案:The weather being fine, we decided t g fr a picnic.
    3.(填空题)The meeting ______ (begin), everyne gt dwn t business.
    答案:having begun
    解析:“会议开始” 先于 “大家开始做事”,用现在分词的完成式 having begun 的独立主格结构,表示时间先后顺序。
    核心考点 10:“”
    1.(填空题)Neither his friends nr Tm ______ (like) spicy fd.
    答案:likes
    解析:连接两个主语时,谓语动词遵循 “就近原则”,靠近谓语的主语 “Tm” 是第3人称单数,所以用 likes。
    2.(翻译题)他既不喜欢跑步也不喜欢游泳。
    __________________________________________________________________________________
    答案:He neither likes running nr swimming.
    3.(填空题)Neither the students nr the teacher ______ (be) satisfied with the result.
    答案:was
    解析:靠近谓语动词 “be” 的主语是 “the teacher”,为单数,所以用 was。
    核心考点 11:现在分词 (短语) 作状语
    1.(填空题)______ (walk) alng the street, I met an ld friend.
    答案:Walking
    解析:“我” 和 “沿着街道走” 是主动关系,用现在分词 Walking 作时间状语,“当我沿着街道走的时候”。
    2.(翻译题)因为知道他很忙,我没有打扰他。
    __________________________________________________________________________________
    答案:Knwing he was busy, I didn't disturb him.
    3.(填空题)______ (study) hard fr the exam, he gt gd grades.
    答案:Having studied
    解析:“努力学习” 在 “取得好成绩” 之前,用现在分词的完成式 Having studied 作原因状语,表示时间先后顺序。
    核心考点 12:现在分词 (短语) 作宾语补足语
    1.(填空题)I saw a by ______ (play) ftball in the park.
    答案:playing
    解析:“看见某人正在做某事” 用 see sb. ding sth.,所以选 playing,“我看见一个男孩正在公园里踢足球”。
    2.(翻译题)我听到她在隔壁房间唱歌。
    __________________________________________________________________________________
    答案:I heard her singing in the next rm.
    3.(填空题)The bss kept the wrkers ______ (wrk) vertime.
    答案:wrking
    解析:“让某人一直做某事” 用 keep sb. ding sth.,所以填 wrking,“老板让工人们一直加班”。
    一、单句语法填空题
    1. After he ____ (finish) his hmewrk, he went t play ftball.
    答案:had finished
    解析:“went t play ftball” 为过去时,“完成作业” 在其之前,用过去完成时 had finished,考查过去完成时用法。
    2. ____ (see) frm the tp f the muntain, the city lks beautiful.
    答案:Seen
    解析:“城市” 与 “看” 是被动关系,用过去分词 Seen 作状语,考核过去分词作状语表被动。
    3. The man std there, ____ (lk) at the picture n the wall.
    答案:lking
    解析:“man” 与 “lk” 是主动关系,用现在分词 lking 作伴随状语,考查现在分词作状语表伴随。
    4. We heard her ____ (sing) in the next rm.
    答案:singing
    解析:“hear sb. ding sth.” 表示听到某人正在做某事,考查现在分词作宾补。
    5. The meeting ____ (hld) tmrrw is very imprtant.
    答案:t be held
    解析:“会议” 与 “举行” 是被动关系且表将来,用不定式的被动式 t be held 作定语,测试非谓语动词作定语。
    6. I have a lt f wrk ____ (d) tday.
    答案:t d
    解析:“have sth. t d” 有某事要做,考查不定式作后置定语。
    7. With the wrk ____ (d), he went hme.
    答案:dne
    解析:“wrk” 与 “d” 是被动关系,用过去分词 dne 构成 with 复合结构作状语,检验 with 复合结构。
    8. The girl is busy ____ (prepare) fr the exam.
    答案:preparing
    解析:“be busy ding sth.” 忙于做某事,考查动词搭配及 -ing 形式用法。
    9. ____ (nt receive) a reply, he decided t write again.
    答案:Nt having received
    解析:“未收到回复” 先于 “决定再写”,用现在分词完成式的否定形式 Nt having received 作原因状语,考查现在分词完成式作状语。
    10. The teacher had the students ____ (clean) the classrm.
    答案:clean
    解析:“have sb. d sth.” 让某人做某事,考查使役动词 have 的用法及不带 t 的不定式作宾补。
    11. The huse ____ (build) last year is very big.
    答案:built
    解析:“房子” 与 “建造” 是被动关系,用过去分词 built 作定语,巩固过去分词作定语用法。
    12. ____ (cmpare) with yu, I still have a lng way t g.
    答案:Cmpared
    解析:“我” 与 “比较” 是被动关系,用过去分词 Cmpared 作状语,强化过去分词作状语表被动含义。
    13. Nthing is ____ (valuable) than health.
    答案:mre valuable
    解析:“nthing is + 比较级 + than...” 结构,用比较级 mre valuable 表最高级含义,考查此特殊句型。
    14. Neither he nr I ____ (be) gd at math.
    答案:am
    解析:“” 连接主语,谓语动词与靠近的主语 I 一致,用 am,测试就近原则。
    15. Her wrds made me ____ (feel) better.
    答案:feel
    解析:“make sb. d sth.” 使某人做某事,考查使役动词 make 后接不带 t 的不定式作宾补。
    二、阅读理解
    阅读下面短文,从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳选项
    Yu prbably knw wh Marie Curie was, but yu may nt have heard f Rachel Carsn. Of the utstanding ladies listed belw, wh d yu think was the mst imprtant wman f the past 100 years?
    Jane Addams (1860-1935)
    Anyne wh has ever been helped by a scial wrker has Jane Addams t thank. Addams helped the pr and wrked fr peace. She encuraged a sense f cmmunity (社区) by creating shelters and prmting educatin and services fr peple in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American wman t win the Nbel Peace Prize.
    Rachel Carsn (1907-1964)
    If it weren’t fr Rachel Carsn, the envirnmental mvement might nt exist tday. Her ppular1962 bk Silent Spring raised awareness f the dangers f pllutin and the harmful effects f chemicals n humans and n the wrld’s lakes and ceans.
    Sandra Day O’Cnnr (1930-present)
    When Sandra Day O’Cnnr finished third in her class at Stanfrd Law Schl, in 1952, she culd nt find wrk at a law firm because she was a wman. She became an Arizna state senatr (参议员) and, in 1981, the first wman t jin the US Supreme Curt. O’Cnnr gave the deciding vte in many imprtant cases during her 24 years n the tp curt.
    Rsa Parks (1913-2005)
    On 1 December 1955, in Mntgmery, Alabama, Rsa Parks wuld nt give up her seat n a bus ta white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prisn. But it als set ff the Mntgmery bus byctt. It lasted fr mre than a year, and kicked ff the civil-rights mvement. “The nly tired I was, was tired f giving in,” said Parks.
    1.What is Jane Addams nted fr in histry?
    A.Her scial wrk.B.Her teaching skills.
    C.Her effrts t win a prize.D.Her cmmunity backgrund.
    2.What was the reasn fr O’Cnnr’s being rejected by the law firm?
    A.Her lack f prper training in law.
    B.Her little wrk experience in curt.
    C.The discriminatin (歧视) against wmen.
    D.The pr financial cnditins.
    3.Wh made a great cntributin t the civil-rights mvement in the US?
    A.Jane Addams.B.Rachel Carsn.
    C.Sandra Day O’Cnnr.D.Rsa Parks.
    【答案】1.A 2.C 3.D
    【导语】本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了对人类发展产生重大影响的四位女性Jane Addams、Rachel Carsn、Sandra Day O’Cnnr以及Rsa Parks的故事,赞扬她们为人类进步所做出的巨大贡献。
    1.细节理解题。根据Jane Addams (1860-1935)部分“Anyne wh has ever been helped by a scial wrker has Jane Addams t thank.(任何曾经得到过社工帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams。)”可知,任何一个得到社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams。由此可知,正是Jane Addams推动了社会工作的发展,她才因此而出名。故选A。
    2.细节理解题。根据Sandra Day O’Cnnr (1930-present)部分“When Sandra Day O’Cnnr finished third in her class at Stanfrd Law Schl, in 1952, she culd nt find wrk at a law firm because she was a wman.(1952年,当Sandra Day O’Cnnr以全班第三名的成绩毕业于Stanfrd Law Schl时,她找不到律师事务所的工作,因为她是女性。)”可知,因为是女性,Sandra Day O’Cnnr在律师事务所找不到工作。由此可知,律师事务所拒绝O’Cnnr主要是因为她是一位女性,也就是对妇女的歧视。故选C。
    3.细节理解题。根据文章Rsa Parks部分“It lasted fr mre than a year, and kicked ff the civil-rights mvement. “The nly tired I was, was tired f giving in,” said Parks.(它持续了一年多,并拉开了民权运动的序幕。Parks说:“我唯一感到疲倦的是,我厌倦了屈服。”)”可知,正是因为Rsa Parks的努力,美国的民权运动才得以推进,她对美国的人权运动做出了巨大的贡献。故选D。
    A Chinese female pilt has set a recrd in the cuntry’s airline industry after flying a small plane fr 40 minutes in Beijing. Mia Xiahng, ne f China’s secnd batch (一批) f female pilts, cntrlled the Tecnam P2010 plane t take ff, turn, climb, dive and land safely at the Shifsi Airprt in Pinggu District f Beijing.
    In 1956, Mia Xiahng, wh graduated frm a high schl in Jinan, wn a psitin in the secnd batch. She graduated frm the flight schl in 1958. In the fllwing years, she flew many imprtant missins. In 1963, she accepted a missin t airdrp materials fr the fld-stricken areas in Hehei Prvince. Pr visibility (能见度) prevented her lcating the target areas as the cluds were abut 100 meters abve the grund, but she managed t finish the task.
    In 1989, she retired and started her writing career. When she cllected materials fr her bks, she fund that many aged pilts in ther cuntries still flew, s she had the idea f returning t the sky. T prepare fr the flight, she walked 3,000 steps every day and mved her arms t meet the requirements fr high-altitude flight during the past tw mnths. Different frm past flights fr missins, this time her gal was t enjy the flight. She said that it was exciting and fresh. “ Seeing the bundless blue sky unfld in frnt f me, I feel it is very pen,” she said.
    The trainer said that Mia Xiahng culd finish 30 hurs f flight t get a license fr the cmmercial flight. She said, “ My physical cnditin is gd enugh t finish the 30-hur flight but it is nt s imprtant fr me t get such a license. After achieving my dream f returning t the sky, I hpe t encurage yung wmen t jin the airline industry. I’m 82 years ld and I can fly again. Yu, the yung peple, can fly and will fly better than me.”
    4.What can we learn abut Mia Xiahng frm her airdrp missin?
    A.She was a very lucky pilt.B.She seldm finished hard tasks.
    C.She had excellent flying skills.D.She suffered frm pr eyesight.
    5.What made Mia Xiahng have the idea f flying a plane at the age f 82?
    A.Her deep lve fr shy.B.The requirements f her bks.
    C.Her wish t set a flying recrd.D.The influence f freign aged pilts.
    6.Which f the fllwing can best describe Mia Xiahng?
    A.Strict.B.Determined.C.Stubbrn.D.Generus.
    7.What culd be the best title fr the passage?
    A.Returning t the Blue Sky.B.Imprving Yur Flight Skills.
    C.Managing t Finish Difficult Tasks.D.Imprving Yurself t Set a Recrd.
    【答案】4.C 5.D 6.B 7.A
    【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国女飞行员苗小红的飞行生涯,以及她坚持训练,最终在82岁时实现了自己重返天空的梦想的故事。
    4.细节理解题。根据第二段“In 1963, she accepted a missin t airdrp materials fr the fld-stricken areas in Hehei Prvince. Pr visibility(能见度) prevented her lcating the target areas as the cluds were abut 100 meters abve the grund, but she managed t finish the task.(1963年,她接受了向河北水灾地区空投物资的任务。由于云层离地面约100米,能见度不佳使她无法定位目标区域,但她设法完成了任务。)”可知,在能见度不佳的情况下,苗小红还成功完成了任务,说明她有很好的飞行技术。故选C。
    5.细节理解题。根据第三段“When she cllected materials fr her bks, she fund that many aged pilts in ther cuntries still flew, s she had the idea f returning t the sky.(当她为她的书收集资料时,她发现其他国家的许多老年飞行员仍然在飞行,于是她有了重返天空的想法。)”可知,她82岁有了重返填空的想法是受到了外国高龄飞行员的影响。故选D。
    6.推理判断题。根据第三段“T prepare fr the flight, she walked 3,000 steps every day and mved her arms t meet the requirements fr high-altitude flight during the past tw mnths.(为了准备飞行,在过去的两个月里,她每天走3000步,活动手臂,以满足高空飞行的要求。)”和文章内容可知,为了这次飞行,她在两个月的时间里一直坚持锻炼,全力以赴,可见她是下定了决心、意志坚定。故选B。
    7.主旨大意题。根据第三段“When she cllected materials fr her bks, she fund that many aged pilts in ther cuntries still flew, s she had the idea f returning t the sky.(当她为她的书收集资料时,她发现其他国家的许多老年飞行员仍然在飞行,于是她有了重返天空的想法。)”和全文内容可知,文章主要讲述了中国女飞行员苗小红在82岁时为了重返蓝天,坚持训练并最终实现自己梦想的故事。故选A。
    根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白位置的最佳选项
    Hu Yifan, brn n February 27, 1994 in Jiangsu, China, is a wrld-famus Chinese chess player. She was the Wmen’s Wrld Chess champin, the yungest ever t win the title.
    Hu started playing chess when she was 5 years ld in 1999. 8 “It was s interesting that I was attracted by the chess and decided t take up the hbby,” said Hu. “ 9 Even when there are nly five r six pieces left n the bard, yu cannt predict all the results.” said Hu. “S instead f fcusing t much n theries, we shuld depend n practice and skills mre.” Learning methds frm the past matches and practicing chess became her daily activities.
    10 she became the yungest chess champin in the wrld at the age f 16. Althugh she became a famus chess star knwn all ver the wrld, Hu wasn’t prud f it. “I’m happy t win these titles, but I knw this is a cin with tw sides,” Hu added. “As I gain public attentin, my faults will becme larger. S I shuld keep imprving.”
    11 In 2012, she studied Internatinal Relatins at Peking University and then she went t the University f Oxfrd in 2018. In 2020, she became a` teacher at Shenzhen University. 12
    A.Chess is a brain game full f uncertainties.
    B.It needed a lt f hard wrk, but it was wrth it.
    C.One f the beautiful aspects f chess is its universality.
    D.She wanted t teach what she had learned t mre yung Chinese peple.
    E.At that time, her parents tk Hu t try different brain games at a training center.
    F.In 2013, Hu Yifan wn the Wmen’s Wrld Chess Champinship fr the third time.
    G.Having fcused n internatinal chess fr a lng time, Hu then decided t study in cllege.
    【答案】8.E 9.A 10.B 11.G 12.D
    【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是我国著名国际象棋大师候逸凡的个人简介。
    8.根据空前的“Hu started playing chess when she was 5 years ld in 1999. (1999年,5岁的她开始下棋。)”可知,候逸凡5岁开始下棋,结合空后的““It was s interesting that I was attracted by the chess and decided t take up the hbby,” said Hu. (她说:“这太有趣了,我被象棋吸引住了,决定把这个爱好培养起来。”)”可知,此空介绍的是她刚开始学下棋的情况,E选项“At that time, her parents tk Hu t try different brain games at a training center. (当时,她的父母带着她去训练中心尝试不同的益智游戏。)”中的“at that time”指的是空前的“when she was 5 years ld in 1999”,且与空后的内容吻合。故选E项。
    9.根据空后的“Even when there are nly five r six pieces left n the bard, yu cannt predict all the results. (即使棋盘上只剩下五六个棋子,你也无法预测所有的结果。)”可知,甚至只有五六颗棋子的时都无法预测最后的结果,由此可知,此处说明国际象棋有太多的不确定性,A选项“Chess is a brain game full f uncertainties. (国际象棋是一种充满不确定性的脑力游戏。)”讲述的内容与空后的内容一致,空后的even是解题的关键词,其内容是对该选项的进一步解释,符合语境。故选A项。
    10.根据上一段中的“Learning methds frm the past matches and practicing chess became her daily activities. (从过去的比赛中学习方法和练习象棋成为了她的日常活动。)”可知,她的日常活动就是学习和练习象棋,结合空后的“she became the yungest chess champin in the wrld at the age f 16. (她在16岁时成为世界上最年轻的国际象棋冠军。)”可知,她在16岁成为了最年轻的国际象棋大师,由此可推断,此空承接上文,引出下文,B选项“It needed a lt f hard wrk, but it was wrth it. (这需要很多努力,但这是值得的。)”讲述的内容承接了上文讲述的她的日常付出,同时引出下文她所取得的成就,符合语境。故选B项。
    11.根据空后的“In 2012, she studied Internatinal Relatins at Peking University and then she went t the University f Oxfrd in 2018. (2012年就读于北京大学国际关系专业,2018年赴牛津大学学习。)”可知,2012年后开始了大学生涯,G选项“Having fcused n internatinal chess fr a lng time, Hu then decided t study in cllege. (在长期专注于国际象棋之后,侯决定进入大学学习。)”讲述的内容承接了上文介绍的候逸凡在国际象棋中取得的成就,同时引出下文她就读大学的经历,符合语境。故选G项。
    12.根据空前的“In 2020, she became a` teacher at Shenzhen University. (2020年,她成为深圳大学的一名教师。)”可知,她与2020年成为深圳大学的教师,由此可知,接下来介绍的可能是她的教师生涯相关的信息,D选项“She wanted t teach what she had learned t mre yung Chinese peple. (她想把她所学到的东西教给更多的中国年轻人。)”讲述的内容衔接空前的内容,与她的教师职业生涯内容吻合,符合语境。故选D项。
    三、完形填空
    As the ther fur players enjy the crucial victry in an Arena f Valr (《传说对决》) cmpetitin, they remained unaware that their teammate Lu Dng is a Paralympic (残奥会) 13 champin wh plays with her feet.
    Lu 14 an interest in Arena f Valr in 2017. 15 , her appearances in Internet cafes drew a lt f curius glances, which made her 16 . Hwever, it als led t generus cmpliments when thers 17 her remarkable skills. Besides vide games, Lu has 18 an hur daily t pian practice fr the past three years and has als shwcased her skills in bth cking and beauty makeup.
    Lsing her 19 in a childhd accident, Lu stpped participating in P.E. classes t avid 20 in her elementary schl days, which made her physically and mentally 21 . Luckily, she was recmmended t jin the prvincial swimming team in 2004. She wn tw glds and tw silvers in the yuth grup f the Natinal Champinship in 2005, earning a 22 in the natinal squad (代表队). Lu’s exceptinal perfrmances in the pl caught the eye f Beijing Sprts University in 2020, 23 the beginning f her cllege jurney.
    Changing frm a(n) 24 girl t a natinal champin, Lu gained immense (巨大的) cnfidence. She n lnger 25 t wear T-shirts in summer r t tuck (塞进) her sleeves int her pckets in winter.
    “It was swimming that 26 the girl wh always talked a lt and was brave enugh t 27 the fixed image f the disabled.” Lu said.
    13.A.swimmingB.runningC.dancingD.singing
    14.A.develpedB.createdC.madeD.built
    15.A.EventuallyB.FrmallyC.InitiallyD.Luckily
    16.A.cnfidentB.cmfrtableC.uneasyD.annyed
    17.A.apprvedB.witnessedC.learnedD.practiced
    18.A.dedicatedB.lastedC.waitedD.ffered
    19.A.handsB.armsC.legsD.feet
    20.A.wundsB.damageC.injuriesD.lss
    21.A.vulnerableB.capableC.strngD.tired
    22.A.degreeB.livingC.psitinD.pint
    23.A.changingB.markingC.fllwingD.prving
    24.A.uncmmunicativeB.unambitiusC.selfishD.impatient
    25.A.managedB.attemptedC.expectedD.hesitated
    26.A.fund utB.brught backC.waken upD.taken away
    27.A.understandB.acceptC.challengeD.shape
    【答案】
    13.A 14.A 15.C 16.C 17.B 18.A 19.B 20.C 21.A 22.C 23.B 24.A 25.D 26.B 27.C
    【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是失去双臂的残奥会游泳冠军卢冬是如何克服身体障碍,在游泳领域取得卓越成就,并进而在游戏,钢琴,烹饪和美容等多个领域展现自己的才能和自信的故事。
    13.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当其他四名队员在《传说对决》比赛中取得关键胜利的时候,他们并不知道他们的队友卢冬是残奥会游泳冠军,她用脚玩游戏。A. swimming游泳;B. running跑步;C. dancing跳舞;D. singing唱歌。根据下文“Luckily, she was recmmended t jin the prvincial swimming team in 2004. She wn tw glds and tw silvers in the yuth grup f the Natinal Champinship in 2005, earning a ___10___ in the natinal squad (代表队).”可知,卢冬是游泳冠军。故选A。
    14.考查动词词义辨析。句意:卢冬在2017年对《传说对决》产生了兴趣。A. develped发展,培养;B. created创造;C. made制作;D. built建立。根据下文的“an interest in”以及句意可知,卢冬在2017年对《传说对决》产生了兴趣,develp an interest in意为“对……产生了兴趣”,符合句意。故选A。
    15.考查副词词义辨析。句意:起初,她在网吧的出现吸引了很多好奇的目光,这让她感到不自在。A. Eventually最终;B. Frmally正式地;C. Initially起初;D. Luckily幸运地。根据下文“Hwever, it als led t generus cmpliments when thers ___5___ her remarkable skills.”可知,后来人们都对她的游戏技能赞不绝口,由此可推测,空处指的是最初人们会对她用脚玩游戏感到好奇。故选C。
    16.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:起初,她在网吧的出现吸引了很多好奇的目光,这让她感到不自在。A. cnfident自信的;B. cmfrtable舒适的;C. uneasy不自在的;D. annyed恼怒的。根据常理和上文的“her appearances in Internet cafes drew a lt f curius glances”可知,人们都盯着她看,她自然是感到不自在。故选C。
    17.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而,当别人看到她出色的游戏技能时,也对她赞不绝口。A. apprved批准;B. witnessed目击,见证;C. learned学习;D. practiced练习。根据常理和上文的“Hwever, it als led t generus cmpliments”可知,此处指的是这些看到了她出色的游戏技能的人对她赞不绝口。故选B。
    18.考查动词词义辨析。句意:除了玩电子游戏,过去三年里,卢冬每天花一个小时练习钢琴,还展示了她的烹饪和美妆技能。A. dedicated把(时间、精力)用于,致力于;B. lasted持续;C. waited等待;D. ffered提供。根据常理和上文的“an hur daily t pian practice fr the past three years”可知,此处指的是卢冬每天都会花一个小时练习钢琴,dedicate…t…意为“把(时间、精力等)用于……”符合句意。故选A。
    19.考查名词词义辨析。句意:童年时期的一场意外让卢冬失去了双臂,因此她在小学时不再参加体育课,以避免受伤,这让她在身心上都变得脆弱。A. hands手;B. arms胳膊;C. legs腿;D. feet脚。根据上文的“As the ther fur players enjy the crucial victry in an Arena f Valr (《传说对决》) cmpetitin, they remained unaware that their teammate Lu Dng is a Paralympic (残奥会) ___1___ champin wh plays with her feet.”提到卢冬是用脚打游戏,由此可知,童年的意外让卢冬失去的是双臂。故选B。
    20.考查名词词义辨析。句意:童年时期的一场意外让卢冬失去了双臂,因此她在小学时不再参加体育课,以避免受伤,这让她在身心上都变得脆弱。A. wunds伤口;B. damage损害;C. injuries受伤;D. lss损失。根据上文“they remained unaware that their teammate Lu Dng is a Paralympic (残奥会) ____1____ champin wh plays with her feet.”可知,卢冬失去了双臂,她在小学时不再参加体育课,以避免受伤。故选C。
    21.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:童年时期的一场意外让卢冬失去了双臂,因此她在小学时不再参加体育课,以避免受伤,这让她在身心上都变得脆弱。A. vulnerable易受伤害的;B. capable有能力的;C. strng强壮的;D. tired劳累的,厌烦的。根据上文的“Lsing her ___7___ in a childhd accident, Lu stpped participating in P.E. classes t avid ___8___ in her elementary schl days”可知,由于一场意外,卢冬失去了双臂,为避免受伤小学时不再上体育课;由此可推测,失去双臂让她身心都变得脆弱,容易受到伤害。故选A。
    22.考查名词词义辨析。句意:2005年,她在全国锦标赛青年组中获得了2金2银,进入了国家队。A. degree学位;B. living生计;C. psitin位置,职位;D. pint观点,特点。根据上文的“She wn tw glds and tw silvers in the yuth grup f the Natinal Champinship in 2005”以及下文的“in the natinal squad (代表队)”可推测,卢冬凭着自己的傲人成绩成为国家队的一员,即在国家队有了一席之地。故选C。
    23.考查动词词义辨析。句意:2020年,卢冬在泳池中的出色表现引起了北京体育大学的注意,标志着她大学之旅的开始。A. changing改变;B. marking标志;C. fllwing跟随;D. prving证明。根据上文的“Lu’s exceptinal perfrmances in the pl caught the eye f Beijing Sprts University in 2020”可知,她的出色表现引起了背景体育大学的注意,所以将其录取,而这也标志了她大学生涯的开始。故选B。
    24.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:从一个沉默寡言的女孩到全国冠军,卢冬获得了极大的自信。A. uncmmunicative沉默寡言的;B. unambitius没有名利心的;C. selfish自私的;D. impatient没有耐心的。根据上文的“___3___ , her appearances in Internet cafes drew a lt f curius glances, which made her ___4___.”以及“Lsing her ___7___ in a childhd accident, Lu stpped participating in P.E. classes t avid ___8___ in her elementary schl days, which made her physically and mentally ___9___ .”可知,最初面对别人的注视,卢冬非常不自在,而且她童年时期的意外事故让她身心受到伤害,由此可知,一开始的她是拘谨的,沉默寡言的。故选A。
    25.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她不再犹豫在夏天穿T恤,或者在冬天把袖子塞进口袋。A. managed管理,做成;B. attempted试图;C. expected期待;D. hesitated犹豫。根据上文的“Changing frm a(n) ___12___ girl t a natinal champin, Lu gained immense (巨大的) cnfidence.”可知,卢冬逐渐有了自信,说明没有胳膊的她不再惧怕在夏天穿短袖或者在冬天把袖子塞进口袋,所以此处表示不再“犹豫”符合语境。故选D。
    26.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:“是游泳让我找回了那个总是爱说话的女孩,那个勇敢地挑战残疾人固有形象的女孩。”卢冬说。A. fund ut查明;B. brught back使记起,使恢复;C. waken up叫醒;D. taken away夺走。根据上文的“Changing frm a(n) ___12___ girl t a natinal champin, Lu gained immense (巨大的) cnfidence.”以及下文的“the girl wh always talked a lt and was brave enugh”可知,此处指的是游泳让她有了信心,使她又恢复成事故发生前那个爱说话的女孩。故选B。
    27.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“是游泳让我找回了那个总是爱说话的女孩,那个勇敢地挑战残疾人固有形象的女孩。”卢冬说。A. understand理解;B. accept接受;C. challenge挑战;D. shape塑造。根据语境以及上文的“It was swimming that ___14___ the girl wh always talked a lt and was brave enugh”可知,卢冬虽然没有双臂,但是她不畏命运的挑战,不仅成为游泳冠军,还用脚打游戏,弹钢琴,甚至烹饪美妆也不落下;由此可知,她用自身的经历,挑战人们对残疾人存在的固有的印象。故选C。
    四、语法填空
    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    Lin Qiazhi, wh delivered ver 50,000 babies in her lifetime, 28 (knw) as the “mther f ten thusand babies”, thugh she never gt married. 29 (affect) by her mther’s death, Lin Qiazhi decided t study medicine at 30 age f 18 instead f fllwing the 31 (traditin) path f marriage like many ther girls. After graduating frm Peking Unin Medical Cllege, she was hired as a resident physician. Having wrked fr a few years, she was sent t Eurpe and the US, 32 she rejected her American clleagues’ ffer t stay, and returned hme. Thugh appinted 33 (hld) many imprtant 34 (psitin), she was mre interested in tending patients. She held the belief that dctrs shuld be respnsible 35 the patients. Dr Lin never retired. Even as she lay 36 (die), she was still thinking f thers. This is Lin Qiazhi, wh devted all her life t 37 (help) the wmen in need f her help.
    【答案】
    28.was knwn 29.Affected 30.the 31.traditinal 32.where 33.t hld 34.psitins 35.fr 36.dying 37.helping
    【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了林巧稚医生的生平事迹和贡献。
    28.考查时态和语态。句意:林巧稚一生中接生了超过5万名婴儿,被誉为“万婴之母”,尽管她从未结婚。空处是句子的谓语动词,根据“thugh she never gt married”可知,句子为一般过去时,且主语Lin Qiazhi与knw之间是被动关系,所以应用一般过去时的被动语态,knw的过去分词为knwn,be knwn as意为“被称为”,主语Lin Qiazhi为第三人称单数,be动词用was。故填was knwn。
    29.考查非谓语动词。句意:受母亲去世的影响,林巧稚决定在18岁时学医,而不是像其他许多女孩一样走传统的婚姻之路。分析句子结构可知,句子已有谓语动词decided,且句中没有连词,所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语,主语Lin Qiazhi与affect之间是被动关系,应用过去分词形式,空处位于句首,首字母大写。故填Affected。
    30.考查冠词。句意:受母亲去世的影响,林巧稚决定在18岁时学医,而不是像其他许多女孩一样走传统的婚姻之路。at the age f为固定短语,意为“在……岁时”,故空处需用定冠词the。故填the。
    31.考查形容词。句意:受母亲去世的影响,林巧稚决定在18岁时学医,而不是像其他许多女孩一样走传统的婚姻之路。根据句意及空后path可知,空处需用形容词修饰名词path,traditin的形容词形式为traditinal,意为“传统的”。故填traditinal。
    32.考查定语从句。句意:工作几年后,她被派往欧洲和美国,在那里她拒绝了美国同事的挽留,回到了家乡。根据空前谓语动词“was sent”和空后谓语动词“rejected”可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Eurpe and the US,且空处在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
    33.考查非谓语动词。句意:虽然被任命为担任许多重要职位,但她更关心病人。根据空前appinted可知,空处应用不定式形式t hld,作目的状语,表示被任命的目的是去持有或占据某些职位。故填t hld。
    34.考查名词。句意:虽然被任命为担任许多重要职位,但她更关心病人。空前many修饰可数名词的复数形式,psitin的复数形式为psitins。故填psitins。
    35.考查介词。句意:她坚信医生应该对病人负责。根据空前be respnsible可知,空处应填介词fr,构成固定短语be respnsible fr,意为“对……负责”。故填fr。
    36.考查非谓语动词。句意:即使在她临终之际,她仍在想着别人。空处位于as引导从句中,句子已有谓语动词lay,且句中没有连词,空处需用非谓语动词作状语,句子主语she与die之间是主动关系,所以应用现在分词形式dying作状语。故填dying。
    37.考查非谓语动词。句意:这就是林巧芝,她一生都在帮助那些需要帮助的妇女。是固定短语,为“致力于,献身于”之意,其中t是介词,其后接动词的 -ing 形式。故填helping
    模块一 思维导图串知识
    模块二 基础知识全梳理
    模块三 教材习题学解题
    模块四 核心考点精准练
    模块五 小试牛刀过关测
    Vcabulary
    Master wrds like "carry", "majrity", "cmplain", etc. fr fluent expressin.
    Sentence Patterns
    Grasp "nthing is + cmp. than", independent nminative, and "".
    Grammar
    Understand present participle's use as adverbial and bject cmplement precisely.
    Cultural Awareness
    Absrb mral values and virtues within text, enhance cultural sensitivity.

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