适用于新高考新教材天津专版2024届高考英语一轮总复习语法专题突破专题6动词的时态与语态和主谓一致课件外研版

这是一份适用于新高考新教材天津专版2024届高考英语一轮总复习语法专题突破专题6动词的时态与语态和主谓一致课件外研版，共48页。PPT课件主要包含了增素能•精准突破，真题语境，用法点拨，测效果·课堂评价，练基础单项填空，练语篇完形填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.(2021·天津卷)Gd evening,everybdy.Prfessr King ______his lecture in a mment,but let me intrduce him first. A.deliveredB.will be deliveringC.was deliveringD.has been delivering2.(2021·天津3月卷)Currently,abut 35,000 wrks ______in ver 300 rms in the Luvre,and it wuld take a lifetime t see everything. A.were displayingB.are displayingC.were being displayedD.are being displayed
3.(2020·天津卷)The number f medical schls reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______arund that level ever since. A.are remainingB.have remainedC.is remainingD.has remained4.(2020·天津第一次统考)—The machine is wrking again!—Yes,it brke dwn yesterday,but it ______. A.has been fixedB.is being fixedC.had been fixedD.wuld be fixed5.(2019·天津卷)I tk ntes during the meeting,but I ______a chance t write them int a reprt s far. A.didn't haveB.haven't hadC.hadn't hadD.wn't have
6.(2018·天津卷)My washing machine ______this week,s I have t wash my clthes by hand. A.was repairedB.is repairedC.is being repairedD.has been repaired7.(2018·天津3月卷)I jumped with jy the mment I ______my driver's license in the mail. A.receive receivedD.wuld receive8.(2017·天津卷)Nwadays,cycling,alng with jgging and swimming,______ as ne f the best all-rund frms f exercise. A.regardB.is regardedC.are regardedD.regards
9.(2017·天津3月卷)The number f firms selling cmputers in this regin ______since January 2012. A.are drppingB.is drppingC.have drppedD.has drpped
一、动词的时态(一)一般体1.一般现在时(1)表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态,客观真理或科学事实。常与时间状语ften、always、smetimes、usually、every day/week/year等连用。(2)表示按时间表、日程表的安排尚未发生但是周而复始、循环进行的动作。The train t Beijing leaves at half past ten,s we have ne hur t g.去北京的火车十点半发车,我们还有一个小时呢。
(3)在时间、条件、让步状语从句中以及the mre...,the mre...句式的第一个分句中,用现在时表将来。If yu wrk harder,yu'll surely make it.如果你学习再努力点,你一定会成功的。
2.一般过去时(1)指过去的情况或者所处的状态,或过去经常发生的动作。常与时间状语yesterday、last week/year/night、tw days ag、the day befre yesterday、in 1998等连用。(2)表示“刚才;刚刚”,指现在已经不再这样。I didn't ntice yu were here just nw.我刚才没有注意到你在这儿。(3)在时间、条件和让步状语从句中,以及the mre...,the mre...句式的第一个分句中,用过去时表示过去将来。Even if yu advised him at that time,he wuldn't listen.即使你当时给他建议,他也不会听的。
3.一般将来时(1)will d/be表示自然而然的将来或临时的打算。—The drbell is ringing.——门铃响了。—I'll answer the dr.——我去开门吧。(2)be ging t d表示“计划”“打算”做某事或根据迹象暗示很可能会发生某事。Lk!Dark cluds are gathering.It's ging t rain.看!乌云聚集,马上要下雨了。(3)be abut t d表示“立刻”要发生的事,不与具体时间状语连用,可用于was/were abut t (正要做……,这时……)中。We were abut t set ff when my phne rang.我们正要出发,我的电话响了。
(4)be t d/be ding表示计划、安排要发生的事,be t d还有“注定要发生”的意思。The experience is t change his future life.这次经历注定会改变他今后的生活。They're getting married next mnth.他们打算下个月结婚。4.过去将来时从过去的某个时间点看尚未发生的动作,一般在宾语从句中使用。He prmised he wuld never make the same mistake.他答应再也不犯同样的错误了。
(二)完成体1.现在完成时(1)到目前为止已经发生的或完成的动作,并且对现在仍有影响,常与already、yet、s far、up t nw、recently、ever since等时间状语连用。We've raised 100,000 yuan fr the prject up t nw.到目前为止,我们已经为这个项目募集了10万元了。
(2)表示从过去某一时间开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态,常与时间状语“fr+时间段”或“since+时间点”连用。I've taught in this schl since 1992/fr 30 years.我从1992年开始就在这所学校任教/我已经在这个学校任教30年了。注意:在This/It/That is the that...中,that引导的定语从句用现在完成时。This is the secnd time that my father has warned me f the danger.这已经是我爸爸第二次提醒我注意这种危险了。
2.现在完成进行时指一个始于过去的动作持续到现在,并且现在仍然在进行中。We've been discussing this prblem fr nearly tw hurs.我们已经讨论这个问题快两个小时了。
3.过去完成时(1)指到过去某一时间或动作为止已经完成的动作或发生的事情,即“过去的过去”。The play had already started when we gt t the theatre.我们到剧场时戏剧已经开始了。(2)hpe、expect、mean、intend、plan等用于过去完成时,表示过去未能实现的计划、打算或愿望。I had intended t finish the task yesterday,but was ccupied with ther things.我原计划昨天完成任务,但忙于别的事了。
(3)用于Hardly had sb dne when...和N sner had sb dne than...句式中, when或than后面的分句用一般过去时。N sner had I gt hme than I began t prepare fr dinner.我一到家就开始做晚饭。注意:在This/That/It was the that...中,that引导的定语从句用过去完成时。It was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen such stars face t face.这是一年半以来我第一次面对面看到这样的星星。
4.过去完成进行时指持续到过去某时的一个动作。The students had been talking ludly by the time the teacher came in,which made him annyed.到老师进来的时候同学们一直在大声说话,这让他很恼火。5.将来完成时指到将来某一时间点为止,已经完成的动作。By the time yu arrive,we'll have begun the cmpetitin.等你到达的时候,我们将已经开始比赛了。
(三)进行体1.现在进行时(1)指此时此刻正在进行的动作。常与nw、at present等时间状语连用。What are yu ding nw?你现在正在做什么?(2)表示将来的计划、 打算或安排,相当于be ging t d。(3)用于am(is/are)always/cnstantly ding中,表示一种赞赏或厌恶的感情,意为“总是/不断地……”。He's always helping thers.他总是帮助别人。Yu are cnstantly interrupting me when I'm speaking.我说话时你不断地打断我。
2.过去进行时(1)指过去某个时间点或时间段正在进行的动作。They were having an nline art class at eight yesterday mrning.昨天上午八点他们在上在线艺术课。(2)表示过去的计划、打算或安排。(3)用于was (were) always/cnstantly ding中,表示一种赞赏或厌恶的感情,意为“总是/不断地……”。When I was yung,my mther was always encuraging me t try.我小的时候,妈妈总是鼓励我去尝试。
3.将来进行时指在将来某时将正在进行的动作。We'll be travelling acrss China next summer vacatin.明年暑假我们将去中国旅游。
二、动词的语态(一)几种常用时态的被动语态结构:1.一般现在时:am/is/are dne2.一般过去时:was/were dne3.一般将来时:will/shall be dne4.现在进行时:am/is/are being dne5.过去进行时:was/were being dne6.现在完成时:have/has been dne7.过去完成时:had been dne8.将来完成时:will have been dne
(二)主动形式表示被动含义1.系动词lk、sund、smell、taste、feel、g、becme、turn、fall、appear、seem、get、grw、keep、stay、remain后接形容词或名词,构成系表结构,不用被动形式。Yu shuld stay calm when yu're in danger.遇到危险时你要保持冷静。2.有些动词用来描述主语性质、特征时,用主动形式表示被动含义,此时常有副词修饰。The sentence reads smthly.这个句子读起来很顺畅。This kind f material desn't wash easily.这种料子不容易清洗。
三、主谓一致(一)基本规则:主语为复数名词或表示复数意义的代词时,句子谓语动词用复数,即动词原形;主语为单数可数名词,不可数名词或表示单数概念的代词时,谓语动词用第三人称单数。(二)几种主谓一致的特殊情况1.下列情况下谓语动词用单数。(1)and连接两个单数名词,表示同一人或物时;The singer and dancer is t attend ur party.(2) (many a)...;Every by and every girl is here.Many a teacher and(many a) student has seen the film.
(3)单数名词+with、alng with、tgether with、as well as、rather than、but、except;Tm as well as tw f his friends was invited t the party.(4)表示时间、重量、距离、价格、体积等名词的复数作主语时;20,000 dllars is a large sum f mney.(5)many a/mre than ne+名词单数。Many a page in this bk is missing.Mre than ne student has failed the exam.
、、、、nt als...连接两个并列成分作主语时,根据就近原则确定谓语动词。Neither I nr he is in favur f her marriage.Either yu r I am ging t be in charge f this matter.3.集体名词family、class、team、grup、audience、cmmittee等作主语时,强调整体时,谓语动词用单数;强调各成员时,谓语动词用复数。Our family is a big ne.The crew are watching 、pants、jeans、shrts、glasses等作主语时,谓语动词用复数,但a pair/piece f +trusers/pants/glasses、jeans/shrts等作主语,谓语动词用单数。5.peple、plice、cattle、pultry、clthes等集体名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。
6.a number f +复数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数;the number f +复数名词,谓语动词用单数。A number f students are frm the suth.The number f students frm the nrth is small.7.a quantity f +复数名词/不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数;quantities f+复数名词/不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。A large quantity f bks has been bught.Great quantities f fish were rest/fllwing/分数/百分数接复数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数;接不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。
9.the majrity f+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数;the majrity作主语,谓语动词单复数都可以。The majrity f bys like basketball.The majrity was/were in favr f banning smking.10.非谓语动词作主语(t d/ding)时,谓语动词一般用单数。Getting up early is a gd 引导的名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数,但表示复数概念时,谓语动词用复数。What he said leaves much fr us t think abut.What he left me are sme ld bks.
12.两个单数名词或不可数名词用and连接,表示两个不同概念作主语时,谓语动词用复数。Steam and ice are different frms f water.Tm and Jack were clse friends.
1.(2022·天津新华中学高三统练)A Midsummer Night's Dream ______at the Theatre Ryal n 19th June,and then turs thrughut Sctland. A.pensB.is penedC.will penD.will be pened2.(2022·天津新华中学高三统练)—Hw are yu ding with the jb hunting?—I'm still hesitating whether t accept the psitin I ______at the jb fair. A.had been fferedB.was fferedC.fferedD.had ffered3.(2022·天津河东高三一模)This amusement park with all the exciting rides and ther fun activities ______als hme t utdr cncerts every summer. A.areB.have beenC.isD.has been
4.(2022·天津河东高三一模)Because sciety ______s rapidly during the last few years,the gap between the generatins has becme larger. A.has been changing changedD.was changed5.(2022·天津河西一模)On the last day f their week-lng stay,Jhn,as well as his friends,______ t attend a private cncert n a beautiful farm n the Nrth Shre under the stars. A.invitedB.was invitedC.were invitedD.had been invited
6.(2022·天津河西一模)I'm sure yu'll d well in the exam because yu ______s hard this year. A.studiedB.had studiedC.have been studyingD.had been studying7.With the develpment f science,mre new technlgy ______t the fields f IT. A.has intrducedB.is being intrducedC.is intrducedD.was intrduced
8.(2022·天津和平高三一检)—Why I didn't see yu at Jim's birthday party last night?—I ______a call frm my bss,telling me t d sme extra paperwrk. A.have receivedB.wuld receiveC.had receivedD.received9.(2022·天津滨海重点学校高三一模)My sister graduated frm university in 2017 and ______in a bank ever since. A.wrkedB.has been wrkedC.has been wrkingD.had wrked
10.(2021·天津南开一模)After several hurs f discussin,I ______him int accepting the prject. A.persuadedB.wuld have persuadedC.was persuadingD.had persuaded11.(2021·天津和平一模)Excuse me,madam.Ellen,a jurnalist frm the Daily Mail ______all day. Culd yu speak t her nw? A.was phnedB.has been phnedC.is phningD.has been phning
12.(2021·天津和平二模)—Hi,I'm Peter.Are yu new here? I haven't seen yu arund.—Hell,Peter.I'm Bb.I just ______n Mnday. A.start startedD.had started13.(2021·天津南开二模)Bruce ______in the ffice every night ver the last tw weeks. A.wrks been wrkingD.had been wrking
14.(2021·天津红桥一模)In the near future,mre advances in the rbt technlgy ______by scientists. A.are makingB.are madeC.will makeD.will be made15.(2021·天津南开一模)Prfessr Jhnsn,alng with his students,______ n the prgram day and night t meet the deadline nwadays. A.were wrkingB.are wrkingC.was wrkingD.is wrking
16.(2021·天津河西二模)I knw smething abut Charlie,fr he ______in my brther's cmpany fr three mnths last year. A.had wrked been wrkingD.wuld wrk17.(2021·天津河东一模)The number f peple in the wrld ______abut 7.5 billin,and thus large quantities f waste ______each year. A.ttals;has been prducedB.ttal;is prducedC.ttals;are prducedD.ttal;are being prduced
18.(2021·天津南开二模)The first part f his speech caught my attentin,but the rest ______rather dull. A.wasD.were19.—Yu knw quite a lt abut the new mvie.—Well,Anna ______it t me during break. A.intrduces intrducedD.will intrduce20.The ship ______just ______the ferry terminal when the fire was detected in the engine rm and returned sn. A.is;leavingB.has;leftC.have;leftD.had;left
21.Dn't wrry.The hard wrk that yu d nw ______later in life. A.will be repaidB.was being repaidC.has been repaidD.was repaid22.Delete the shrt message at nce!Many a man ______by such tricks up t nw. A.are cheatedB.is cheatedC.have been cheatedD.has been ,wh ______in Shanghai fr seven years,is a manager f a cmpany in Beijing. A.was wrking wrkedD.has wrked
The Hmeless HerFr many,finding an unattended wallet filled with ￡400 in cash wuld be a surce(来源) f temptatin(诱惑).But the 　1　 wuld n dubt be greater if yu were living n the streets with little fd and mney.All f this makes the actins f the hmeless Tm Smith 　2　 mre remarkable. After sptting a 　3　 n the frnt seat inside a parked car with its windw dwn,he std guard in the rain fr abut tw hurs waiting fr the 　4　 t return. After hurs in the cld and wet,he 　5　 inside and pulled the wallet ut hping t find sme ID s he culd cntact(联系) the driver,nly t 　6　 it cntained ￡400 in ntes,with anther ￡50 in spare change beside it. 
He then tk the wallet t a nearby plice statin after 　7　 a nte behind t let the wner knw it was safe.When the car's wner Jhn Andersn and his clleague Carl Lawrence returned t the car—which was itself wrth ￡35,000—in Glasgw city centre,they were 　8　 t find tw plicemen standing next t it.The plicemen tld them what Mr.Smith did and that the wallet was 　9　. The pair were later able t thank Mr.Smith fr his 　10　. Mr.Andersn said:“I culdn't believe that the guy never tk a penny.T think he is sleeping n the streets tnight 　11　 he culd have stlen the mney and paid fr a place t stay in.This guy has nthing and 　12　 he didn't take the wallet fr himself;he thught abut thers 　13　.It's unbelievable.It just prves there are 　14　 guys ut there.” 
Mr.Smith's act 　15　 much f the public's attentin.He als wn praise frm scial media users after Mr.Andersn 　16　 abut the act f kindness n Meta. Nw Mr.Andersn has set up an nline campaign t 　17　 mney fr Mr.Smith and ther hmeless peple in the area,which by yesterday had received ￡8,000.“I think the faith that everyne has shwn 　18　 him has tuched him.Peple have been appraching him in the street;he's had jb 　19　 and all srts,”Mr.Andersn cmmented. Fr Mr.Smith,this is a pssible life-changing 　20　.The stry nce again tells us that ne gd turn deserves anther. 
B.aimC.urgeB.evenC.everB.bagC.bxB.clleagueC.wnerB.hidC.steppedB.cllectC.checkB.leavingC.readingB.excitedC.amusedB.missingC.fundB.supprtC.kindnessD.encuragement
B.ifC.whereB.yetC.alreadyB.thughC.againB.pliteC.richB.paidC.castB.pstedC.caredB.raiseC.saveB.atC.frB.changesC.ffersB.adventureC.chanceD.challenge
答案与解析1.C　解析:上文提到,对许多人来说,一个无人看管的装有400英镑的钱包无疑是一种诱惑,结合But的转折可知,如果你是一个几乎没有什么钱和食物并露宿街头的人,这种诱惑带来的“冲动(urge)”无疑会更大,故选C项。2.B　解析:结合上文提到的人们通常对于诱惑有一种渴望可知,这使得无家可归的汤姆的行为“更加(even)”引人注目,故选B项。3.A　解析:根据第三段中的“After hurs in the cld and wet,he 　　　inside and pulled the wallet ut...”可知,他看到的是一个“钱包(wallet)”,故选A项。 4.C　解析:结合下文可知,他在雨中站了大约两个小时,就是要等钱包“主人(wner)”回来取钱包,故选C项。
5.D　解析:结合下文“hping t find sme ID s he culd cntact the driver”可知,他“伸手(reached)”到车中,把钱包拿出来,希望能从中找到钱包主人的身份信息,故选D项。6.A　解析:汤姆本来是想在钱包里找到物主的身份信息,却出乎意料地“发现(discver)”里面有400英镑纸币和50英镑的零钱,故选A项。7.B　解析:汤姆留下一张纸条,告知物主钱包是安全的,然后他去了警察局,故选B项。“留下”,此题若忽视了后面的behind则很容易误选D项。8.D　解析:这两个人看到车旁站着两名警察自然感到“震惊(shcked)”,故选D项。9.A　解析:此处两位警察向物主说明了情况,并告知他们钱包是“安全的(safe)”。此空为词语复现,由上文中的“it was safe”可知应选A项。
10.C　解析:上文介绍了汤姆帮助了这两个人,所以此处说明他们后来能去感谢汤姆的“善行(kindness)”,故选C项。11.A　解析:想想看今晚汤姆本可以偷走这笔钱,找个地方住下,但是他没有,他还是睡在了街上。此处用when引导定语从句,修饰tnight,故选A项。12.B　解析:这个人一无所有,“然而(yet)”他并未将钱包据为己有,前后有转折意味,应用yet连接,故选B项。13.D　解析:结合上文,他没有将钱包据为己有,“相反(instead)”的是,他为别人考虑,故选D项。14.A　解析:结合上文可知,汤姆的行为证明了无家可归的人中也有“诚实的(hnest)”人,故选A项。15.D　解析:由下文“He als wn praise frm scial media users...”可知,汤姆的行为“吸引(drew)”了公众的注意,故选D项。