Unit4《 Life on Mars》-2024-2025学年九年级下册英语单元测试卷（译林版）

这是一份Unit4《 Life on Mars》-2024-2025学年九年级下册英语单元测试卷（译林版），共21页。
2024-2025学年九年级下册英语单元测试卷Unit4《Life on Mars》注意事项：1．本试卷共8页。全卷满分90分。考试时间为90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。2．请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0． 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0． 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。选择题（共40分）一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1．Don’t be afraid of changing, ________ it’s leading you to a new beginning．A．if B．because C．though D．unless2．I am going to give my mother ________ for her birthday． I want to make her happy．A．special somethingB．special anything C．something special D．nothing specially3．—Sorry, I didn’t win a prize in the speech competition．—Never mind． ________, you’ve tried your best．A．Thanks to B．For example C．In general D．After all4．—You must follow your parents’ advice, or you’ll take a ________ of getting hurt．—Yes． I’ve given up climbing the high mountain．A．risk B．choice C．step D．point5．— The wind of early spring is as sharp as scissors．— How beautiful it sounds! The writer ________ the wind of the early spring to scissors in this poem．A．connects B．compares C．contacts D．completes6．John isn’t a man of his words． His failure to ________ his promise has let every one of us down．A．carry out B．find out C．cut out D．put out7．—Can you stop smoking? It makes me feel _________．—Sorry, I didn’t notice that．A．uncomfortable B．usual C．comfortable D．unusual8．I live next to a Huitong supermarket． It’s ________ for me to shop there than in Chongbai supermarket．A．more crowded B．crowdedC．more convenient D．convenient9．—Mike, go and make sure the smoke alarms are ________ put in and will work well．—OK． I will go and check．A．properly B．probably C．especially D．specially10．Yan Nin, one of the greatest female Chinese scientists, is _________ respected for her achievements to the field of medicine．A．closely B．smoothly C．rapidly D．highly11．—Some children in poor areas read a little because they can’t ________ to buy books．—Quite right． Let’s collect some second-hand ones for them．A．affect B．afford C．increase D．lead12．Many people think Hefei is developing _______ thanks to all the people working here．A．luckily B．recently C．nearly D．rapidly13．—Who is the man talking with Mr． Wang just now?   —I don’t know him． He is a _________ to me．A．teacher B．stranger C．friend D．doctor14．I think your idea is so good． We are in ________ on it．A．silence B．trouble C．agreement D．doubt15．I’m looking for the dictionary _________ my brother gave me last month．A．that B．what C．who D．whom二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。How has technology made your life easier? When you go to a shopping mall, you can 16 free Wi-Fi there． When you want to take a taxi, you can book one with your phone． In fact, all of these things can be seen as the first building blocks of a smart city．The 17 of a smart city was first suggested by tech company IBM in 2010． Generally, a smart city is a city 18 uses digital (电子的) technology, such as 5G network s and the “internet of things”, to improve urban planning, save money and resources (资源), and make our lives more convenient．Cities 19 Boston, Amsterdam and Copenhagen are already using smart technology to improve public services． In the US cities of Boston and Baltimore, smart rubbish bins (桶) can sense how 20 they are and tell workers when they need to be cleaned． In Amsterdam, traffic is monitored (监测) and adjusted according to real-time data gathered from sensors around the city． There are 21 traffic jams．Smart cities will allow us to 22 resources． By using sensors and 5G networks to check the usage of water, gas and electricity, city managers can make sure how to use these resources more efficiently． For example, water and gas pipes (管道) could 23 repair workers when there is a leak (泄漏)． Air pollution could be more closely monitored, too．Of course, 24 will take time to build the smart cities of the future． But since we’ve already seen successful examples, it won’t be long 25 more cities join in． Tech Republic estimates (估计) that by 2050, about 60 percent of people worldwide will live in smart cities．16．A．ask B．find C．offer D．enjoy17．A．idea B．fact C．truth D．question18．A．that B．who C．what D．where19．A．as B．for C．like D．from20．A．full B．dirty C．polluted D．expensive21．A．less B．fewer C．busier D．heavier22．A．use B．save C．invent D．discover23．A．warn B．obey C．create D．remind24．A．it B．this C．that D．they25．A．since B．after C．before D．unless三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A#1: Rocket mailIn 1959, the US Postmaster General, Arthur Summerfield, predicted (预言) that guided missiles (导弹) would become the usual method for sending mail before a human reached the moon． We have email now, but still no rocket mail．#2: Ape workersWho needs robots when you could have monkeys? Glenn T． Seaborg, a Nobel prize-winning chemist, predicted in 1951 that by 2020, we’d keep apes that could drive cars and perform other tasks for us．#3: Nuclear (核) vacuums (真空吸尘器)In 1955, Alex Lewyt, the president of a vacuum cleaner company, predicted that within 10 years nuclear power would run vacuums．What did he think people would do with the nuclear waste? #4: Meals in a pillIn 1894, the chemist Marcellin Berthelot predicted that people of the future would get all the nutrition (营养) they needed in pill form． “Wheat fields are to disappear from the face of the Earth, because flour will no longer be produced from growing wheat, but made, ” he said． While we still rely on farms for food, scientists have worked out how to make meat from plants and how to grow it from cells．#5: Virtual reality everywhereIn 1999, the futurist Ray Kurzweil predicted that by 2019, we’d wear lenses or glasses that would project (投射) virtual images onto the real world． He also thought the glasses might display a complete virtual reality that we could touch and interact with． Virtual reality (VR) technology isn’t nearly this good yet． To be fair, Kurzweil correctly predicted that AI would beat humans at chess and that we’d switch to digital books and music and movies． So maybe realistic VR is just around the corner?26．What can we learn from the article?A．Arthur Summerfield believed that email would be a common way to communicate．B．Glenn T． Seaborg thought apes were cleverer than robots and could do daily tasks for us．C．According to Alex Lewyt, people would run out of coal to produce power in the future．D．Marcellin Berthelot predicted that food in the future would be made in pill form．27．What does the writer mean by saying “What did he think people would do with the nuclear waste? ”A．The idea of using nuclear power to run vacuums is not practical．B．It was a creative idea to use nuclear power to run vacuums．C．Nuclear power is of great importance to people’s daily life．D．Alex Lewyt has already found ways to deal with nuclear waste．28．The article is mainly about ________．A．some successful inventions in historyB．five predictions about future technologyC．some developments about future technologyD．predictions about the future of science fictionBImagine waking up to find a cup of coffee ready and floor swept． With smart devices (装置) controlled by AI． All housework can be done while you are asleep．Now your kids can try these devices at the small home, show in our community science center from August lst to August 14th． Here in the center we have many fun activities． Children can also try out cleaning robot Little Q． It is a cute robot with a round head, two big eyes and two long legs． It’s like a big toy, Your children will love it．Opening Hours:1:00 p．m．-9:00 p．m, from Tuesday to Sunday, closed on Monday．Visitors: People of all ages are welcome． Children under 12 should come along with their parents． No pets are allowed．Food & Drinks: No outside food or drinks． Visitors can buy food and drinks in the center．Tickets: Please call 769520 to book a ticket． Kindly note that You CAN’T book a ticket on our website or through e-mail． And it is NOT possible to buy a ticket at our ticket office as it is closed．29．What can the smart devices in Paragraph l do?A．Farming． B．Business． C．Housework． D．Schoolwork30．What does Little Q look like?A．B． C． D．31．Who can be allowed to visit the center?A．A man with a cat． B．An 8-year-old boy alone．C．A man with his 3-year-old son． D．A girl with food from outside．CA U． S． -French satellite has been sent up with a mission to map all the world’s oceans, lakes, rivers and other waterways． It’s called SWOT (Surface Water and Ocean Topography)．It went into space on Friday, Dec． 16, 2022． Scientists hope data from the satellite will help them to watch how climate change is adversely (不利地) changing water levels． The U． S． broadcaster PBS said, “The satellite is needed more than ever, as climate change brings worse droughts, flooding and coastal erosion (腐蚀)．” A NASA spokesperson spoke of the mission’s importance． She said, “It’s a pivotal moment． We’re going to see Earth’s water like we’ve never seen it before．”The SWOT satellite is only about the size of an SUV car． It took 20 years to develop, at a cost of $1．2 billion． High-precision radar (雷达) equipment will measure the height of water on over 90 per cent of Earth’s surface． It will survey millions of lakes, as well as 2．1 million kilometers of rivers． Scientists will find potential (潜在的) areas of water loss that could influence local populations and coastlines． NASA said SWOT is a great upgrade (升级)． A spokesperson said, “SWOT will give us a 10-fold improvement in the accuracy (精准度) of our measurements of water height．” It will help scientists to better understand “the critical role the oceans play in climate change”．32．What’s SWOT?A．A broadcaster． B．A mission． C．A satellite． D．A waterway．33．What does the underlined word “pivotal” mean in Paragraph 2?A．无奈的 B．愉快的 C．艰难的 D．关键的34．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A．Climate change is harmful to the earth．B．The SWOT satellite is very big and costs a lot．C．The SWOT will help scientist to control water levels．D．People never use satellites to measure water height before．35．In which way the writer introduces SWOT in the last paragraph?A．Making descriptions． B．Giving examples．C．Listing numbers． D．Drawing charts．D①After winning the bid to host the 2022 Winter Olympics, China has been trying hard to hold a high-tech Winter Games． Now, as the Games are coming nearer, viewers can learn how innovative technologies are being used, especially in building venues(体育比赛场馆)．②For example, how the National Aquatics Center, also known as the “Water Cube(立方)”, was turned into the “Ice Cube”． The “Water Cube” was built to host aquatic(水上运动的) events for the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympic Games． Now, the stadium will also host the curling(冰壶) events for the Beijing 2022 Winter Games．③The main change is to turn the swimming pool into a four-lane curling rink(冰场)． According to Xinhua, the transformation(转变) will be completed by using a quick-disassembly(快速拆卸) system． Simply put, the water will be drained(抽干) from the pool and then a convertible frame(可移动的支架) will be built and put inside． The frame is made up of 2,600 H-shaped steel columns(钢柱) and has a height of three meters and a length of two meters, China News Service reported．④Such transformation is an example of China’s mission(使命) to hold a “Green Games” by using sustainable(可持续的) technology for its Olympics venues．⑤Another major technology can be seen at the National Speed Skating Oval(NSSO)． The stadium is also known as the “Ice Ribbon(丝带)”． It is the only newly-built ice spots venue for the Games．⑥Traditionally, freon(氟利昂), which is harmful to the environment, was used in the ice-making process． But NSSO uses an environmentally friendly technology which uses carbon dioxide(CO2) to make ice． For “Ice Ribbon” with an ice surface area of 12,000 square meters, the effect of using the new technology in reducing carbon emissions(排放) is the same as planting over 1．2 million trees, People’s Daily reported． The new technology will also be used in other stadiums including the Capital Indoor Stadium and Wukesong Sports Center．⑦“We sincerely wish that all athletes can achieve good results at the high-tech venues during the Games,” Yu Hong, head of the technical department of the Beijing 2022 Organizing Committee, told Xinhua．36．How many stadiums are mentioned in this article?A．Two． B．Three． C．Four． D．Five．37．The underlined word “innovative” in Paragraph 1 means ________．A．革新的 B．流行的 C．想象的 D．科幻的38．What event was probably held in “Water Cube” in 2008?A．Table tennis． B．Diving． C．Curling． D．Volleyball．39．According to Paragraph 6, carbon dioxide is used in the ice-making process instead of freon because ________．A．it is harmful to the environment B．it helps plant 1．2 million treesC．it reduces carbon emission D．it is also used in other ice stadiums40．The structure of the passage may be ________．A． B．C． D．非选择题（共50分）四、填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）A）根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为41—45的相应位置上。41．Driving after drinking can increase the (风险) of traffic accidents．42．One of the ______________ (不利条件) of living in the countryside is that you can’t buy everything you want easily．43．I have no idea _______________ (是否) to stay or leave at the moment．44． your answers with those in your book to see if they are right． (比较)45．A foreign language cannot be learned (迅速地), it must be learned step by step．B）根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为46—50的相应位置上。46．Telling a complete (strange) about your life is difficult．47．Astronauts should be careful enough (carry) out researches in space．48．We all hope to live in a less (pollute) world, so it’s time for us to go green now．49．—Is there any (possible) that you pick me on your way to work?—No problem．50．In China, “nodding” means (agree)． But in Bulgaria, it means the opposite．C）根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为51—55的相应位置上。Try to think about this: you sit down and begin to eat a tomato． Then the tomato starts to scream! It seems that this thing will never really 51 ． But a new study showed that plants make sounds when they are stressed． Scientists 52 that animals and insects may listen to the sounds． For example, the sounds can tell them whether a plant is stressed or not． An animal can also use the sounds to pick 53 plants to eat if it is hungry． Scientists also listened to other plants, 54 wheat and corn． They also made more sounds when stressed． Scientists said the study can help farmers 55 ． They can better take care of the crops by “hearing” how plants feel．五、阅读填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）A）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后第56—65小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为56—65的相应位置上。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。What forms of transportation would you prefer when you travel, planes, train or cars? All of the above will be improved with 5G technology．Gacha, the word’s first all-weather robot bus in Finland, is a good example． Telecoms company Nokia has set 5G transmitters (信号发射器) in 15 lampposts(路灯柱) along 1-km route． These transmitters are then used to control buses, making them driverless and work perfectly even under difficult conditions—in the dark as well as rain, snow or mud．There are also 5G roads． These roads have 5G transmitters and cameras． They can provide many services． For example, the roads can tell electric car drivers where the nearest charging station (充电站) is．In Seoul, a smart management system is being used in one of the city’s underground stations． This system has many smart features, including a 3D map, sensors (传感器) and modern camera system that make station more efficient and safer．Even airplanes will become smart in the near future． Airbus, one of the world’s biggest airplane makers, is working on new airplanes that will have many sensors and 5G transmitters． The sensors will keep track of (了解……的动态) many things, such as whether the toilet needs to be cleaned, or whether passengers have fastened their seat belts．We believe that 5G will bring a bright future for smart traveling．5G technology makes travelling smartB）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为66—75的相应位置上。On Oct 16th, 2021, China launched the Shenzhou XIII mission to the Tiangong space station early in the morning, m 66 the start of the longest spaceflight of China．About 9 hours after the launch, the three m 67 —Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu—entered the station’s core module (核心舱), named Tianhe． They started their six-month journey inside the station f 68 then on．Wang Yaping is China’s s 69 female astronaut to take part in a spaceflight． In the Shenzhou XIII flight, she is the first Chinese woman to carry out a spacewalk．A lot of tasks will be c 70 by the three astronauts, according to Pang Zhihao, a spaceflight researcher in Beijing． “They will carry out some tasks l 71 testing the life-support systems and health management plans． They will also check w 72 the Shenzhou spaceship can withstand (承受) a bad environment during a long-term flight,” he said． “The mission is valuable for China’s science community because it allows the astronauts to carry out some large in-orbit (在轨的) experiments．”The researcher said that female astronauts actually have many a 73 over male astronauts． “Women are usually more sensitive and careful in many ways, and normally are b 74 at communicating, which are useful in long-term flights． And a female astronaut usually b 75 more joy to a difficult task,” Pang said, noting he looks forward to Wang’s success．六、书面表达（满分15分）从生物的解构、科幻小说的涌现、太极奥秘的探索、“嫦娥四号与玉兔”的中国式太空浪漫再到智能家居的日益普及。从古至今，人类对科学的追求从未止步。科学的不断发展给你的生活带来了怎样的影响？请以“Science Shapes Our Life”为题写一篇英语文章。内容应包括：1．你对该问题的理解；2．你的一次亲身经历；3．你对未来科学的畅想。注意：1．词数100；2．内容涵盖要点，照抄本卷语篇不得分；3．文中不得出现与考生相关的真实校名和姓名等信息。Science Shapes Our Life________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________such as   believe   in the future   happen   properRobot busThe robot bus is 56 Gacha． It is the world’s first all-weather robot bus．Nokia has set 5G transmitters in lampposts along a l-km route． These transmitters control the buses that have no 57 ． They can work even under difficult conditions．5G roadsThese roads have 5G transmitters and cameras． They can 58 many services to people．Electric car drivers can 59 the nearest charging station through the roads．Management systemThe smart management system is being used in one of 60 underground stations．This system makes the station more efficient and safer 61 a 3D map, sensors and a modern camera system． 62 Airbus is making 63 airplanes that will have many sensors and 5G transmitters．The sensors will keep track of many things—whether the toilet needs 64 or whether passengers have fastened their seat belts．We believe that 5G will make the 65 of smart travelling brighter．参考答案1．B【详解】句意：不要害怕改变，因为它会带你走向一个新的开始。考查连词辨析。if如果；because因为；though尽管；unless除非。根据“it’s leading you to a new beginning”可知后句是“不要害怕改变”的原因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故选B。2．C【详解】句意：我要给我妈妈一些特别的生日礼物。我想让她开心。考查代词辨析和定语后置。something某事，多用于肯定句中；anything任何事，多用于否定句或疑问句中；nothing没有什么，多用于否定句中。根据语境可知，此处是肯定句，用something，形容词修饰复合不定代词时需后置。故选C。3．D【详解】句意：——对不起，我在演讲比赛中没有获奖。——没关系，毕竟，你已经尽力了。考查介词短语。Thanks to由于；For example例如；In general一般来说；After all毕竟。根据“you’ve tried your best．”可知，此处是安慰对方，意为“毕竟，你已经尽力了”。故选D。4．A【详解】句意：——你必须听从父母的建议，否则你会有受伤的风险。——是的。我已经放弃爬那座高山了。考查名词辨析。risk风险；choice选择；step步骤；point要点。根据“I’ve given up climbing the high mountain．”可知，此处是指有受伤的风险，take a risk of“有……的风险”，故选A。5．B【详解】句意：——二月春风似剪刀。——这首诗听起来多么美妙啊！在这首诗中，诗人把早春的风比作剪刀。考查动词辨析。connects连接；compares比较；contacts联系；completes完成。根据“．．．the wind of the early spring to scissors”可知此处是把早春的风比作剪刀，compare…to为固定搭配，表示“把……比作……”。故选B。6．A【详解】句意：约翰不是一个守信用的人。他没有履行诺言，这使我们每个人都失望了。考查动词短语。carry out执行；find out查明；cut out切断；put out扑灭。根据“John isn’t a man of his words．”可知此处指的是履行承诺，故选A。7．A【详解】句意：——你能停止吸烟吗？我很难受。——对不起，我没有注意到。考查形容词辨析。uncomfortable令人不舒适的，不舒服的；usual通常的，惯常的；comfortable令人舒适的，舒服的；unusual不寻常的。根据“Can you stop smoking?”可知，因为旁人在吸烟，所以感到不舒服。故选A。8．C【详解】句意：我住在汇通超市旁边。对我来说在那里购物比在崇百超市更方便。考查形容词辨析及形容词比较级的用法。more crowded更拥挤；crowded拥挤的；more convenient更方便；convenient方便的。根据“I live next to a Huitong supermarket．”可知在这里购物更方便，根据“than”可知此处需使用形容词convenient的比较级。故选C。9．A【详解】句意：——迈克，去确认烟雾报警器是否正确安装，是否能正常工作。——好的。我去检查一下。考查副词辨析。properly正确地；probably可能；especially尤其；specially特意地。根据“put in and will work well．”可知是要正确安装烟雾报警器，它才能正常工作。故选A。10．D【详解】句意：颜宁，中国最伟大的女科学家之一，因其在医学领域的成就而备受尊敬。考查副词辨析。closely紧密地；smoothly顺滑地；rapidly快速地；highly高度地。根据“respected for her achievements to the field of medicine．”可知是因为成就而备受尊敬，highly respected“备受尊敬”。故选D。11．B【详解】句意：——一些贫困地区的孩子读书很少，因为他们买不起书。——很对。让我们为他们收集一些二手书。考查动词辨析。affect影响；afford买得起；increase增加；lead引领。根据“Some children in poor areas read a little because they can’t．．．to buy books．”可知贫困地区孩子读书少，因为他们买不起书。故选B。12．D【详解】句意：许多人认为合肥发展迅速，这要归功于在这里工作的所有人。考查副词辨析。luckily幸运地；recently最近；nearly几乎；rapidly快速地。根据“thanks to all the people working here．”可知是指发展迅速。故选D。13．B【详解】句意：——刚才和王先生谈话的那个人是谁？——我不认识他。他对我来说是个陌生人。考查名词辨析。teacher教师；stranger陌生人；friend朋友；doctor医生。根据“I don’t know him．”可知，此处指的是“他是一个陌生人”。故选B。14．C【详解】句意：我觉得你的主意太好了。我们在这一点上意见一致。考查名词辨析。silence沉默；trouble麻烦；agreement同意，一致意见；doubt怀疑。根据“I think your idea is so good．”可知，你的想法很好，因此我们意见一致，应用agreement。故选C。15．A【详解】句意：我在找我哥哥上个月给我的词典。考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是dictionary，关系词在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句。故选A。16．D 17．A 18．A 19．C 20．A 21．B 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．C【导语】本文主要介绍了智能城市，同时介绍了智能科技在世界一些城市的使用情况及优势；并提到了智能城市的发展前景。16．句意：当你去购物中心时，你可以在那里享受免费的Wi-Fi。ask问；find找到；offer提供；enjoy享受。根据“When you go to a shopping mall, you can…free Wi-Fi there．”可知，是享受免费Wi-Fi。故选D。17．句意：2010年，科技公司IBM首次提出了智能城市的概念。idea概念；fact事实；truth真相；question问题。根据“of a smart city was first suggested by tech company IBM in 2010．”可知，这里指的是智能城市这一“概念”是被科技公司IBM首次提出的。故选A。18．句意：一般来说，智能城市是指使用5G网络和“物联网”等数字技术来改善城市规划，节省资金和资源，使我们的生活更方便的城市。that关系代词，指物，作主语或宾语；who关系代词，指人，作主语或宾语；what不引导定语从句；where关系副词，作状语。该句是定语从句，先行词是“city”，从句中“uses digital (电子的) technology,”缺主语，故选A。19．句意：波士顿、阿姆斯特丹和哥本哈根等城市已经在使用智能技术来改善公共服务。as作为；for为了；like比如；from从。根据“Boston, Amsterdam and Copenhagen are already using smart technology to improve public services．”可知，后文开始举例，介词like符合语境，故选C。20．句意：在美国波士顿和巴尔的摩等城市，智能垃圾桶可以感应到里面有多满，并在需要清理的时候告诉工作人员。full满的；dirty脏的；polluted受污染的；expensive贵的。根据“smart rubbish bins (桶) can sense how”以及“ tell workers when they need to be cleaned．”可知，指的是智能垃圾桶可以感应到里面有多满，故选A。21．句意：交通堵塞少了。less更少，修饰不可数名词；fewer更少，修饰可数名词；busier更忙；heavier更重。根据“In Amsterdam, traffic is monitored (监测) and adjusted according to real-time data gathered from sensors around the city．”可知，设空处应该说交通堵塞更少了，“traffic jams”为可数名词。故选B。22．句意：智能城市将使我们节约资源。use使用；save节约；invent发明；discover发现。根据“Smart cities will allow us”并结合语境可知，智能城市将使我们节约资源。故选B。23．句意：例如，水和煤气管道可以在有泄漏时提醒维修工人。warn警告；obey遵守；create创造；remind提醒。根据“By using sensors and 5G networks to check the usage of water, gas and electricity…use these resources more efficiently．”以及“repair workers when there is a leak (泄漏)．”可知，此处指的是有泄漏时提醒维修工人。故选D。24．句意：当然，建设未来的智能城市需要时间。it它；this这个；that那个；they他们。根据“will take time to build the smart cities”可知，该句是固定句型“it takes time to do sth”，因此设空处填it作形式主语。故选A。25．句意：但由于我们已经看到了成功的例子，不久之后就会有更多的城市加入进来。since自从；after在……以后；before在……之前；unless除非。根据“it won’t be long”并结合语境可知，此处指的是有更多的城市加入智能城市的时间不会太久，it won’t be long before“……不久就……”，故选C。26．D 27．A 28．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了五种曾经的预言内容及其现状，包括：火箭邮件、猿猴工人、核能真空吸尘器、药丸式膳食、虚拟现实。26．细节理解题。根据“In 1894, the chemist Marcellin Berthelot predicted that people of the future would get all the nutrition (营养) they needed in pill form”可知，Marcellin Berthelot曾预言，未来的食物将会以药丸的形式被制造出来。故选D。27．词句猜测题。根据“Alex Lewyt, the president of a vacuum cleaner company, predicted that within 10 years nuclear power would run vacuums． What did he think people would do with the nuclear waste?”可知，Alex Lewyt曾经语言：在 10 年内，真空吸尘器将由核能驱动，但人们无法处理核废料，所以此预言是不切实际的。故选A。28．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了五种未来技术的预言。故选B。29．C 30．D 31．C【导语】本文向我们介绍社区科学中心的活动。29．细节理解题。根据“All housework can be done while you are asleep．”可知，所有的家务都可以在你睡觉的时候做。故选C。30．推理判断题。根据“Children can also try out cleaning robot Little Q． It is a cute robot with a round head, two big eyes and two long legs．”可知，小Q是一个可爱的机器人，圆圆的脑袋，两只大眼睛和两条长腿。故选D。31．细节理解题。根据“Visitors: People of all ages are welcome． Children under 12 should come along with their parents． No pets are allowed．”和“Food & Drinks: No outside food or drinks．”可知，欢迎各个年龄层的人，12岁以下儿童应与父母一同前往，宠物禁止入内。所以一个男人和他三岁的儿子可以入内，故选C。32．C 33．D 34．A 35．C【导语】本文主要介绍了一颗名叫SWOT的卫星已经被发射，其任务是绘制世界上所有的海洋、湖泊、河流和其他水道的地图。32．细节理解题。根据“A U． S． -French satellite has been sent up with a mission to map all the world’s oceans, lakes, rivers and other waterways． It’s called SWOT”可知，SWOT是指的一颗卫星。故选C。33．词义猜测题。根据“A NASA spokesperson spoke of the mission’s importance． She said, ‘It’s a pivotal moment． We’re going to see Earth’s water like we’ve never seen it before．’”可知，美国宇航局发言人谈到了这次任务的重要性，因此这应该是一个关键的时刻，划线单词表示“关键的”。故选D。34．细节理解题。根据“Scientists hope data from the satellite will help them to watch how climate change is adversely (不利地) changing water levels．”及“The satellite is needed more than ever, as climate change brings worse droughts, flooding and coastal erosion (腐蚀) ．”可知，气候的变化对地球有害。故选A。35．细节理解题。根据“It took 20 years to develop, at a cost of $1．2 billion． High-precision radar (雷达) equipment will measure the height of water on over 90 per cent of Earth’s surface． It will survey millions of lakes, as well as 2．1 million kilometers of rivers．”可知，最后一段是通过列数字来介绍SWOT的。故选C。36．C 37．A 38．B 39．C 40．C【导语】本文主要讲述了中国在体育馆建设上面使用的高科技。36．细节理解题。根据“Water Cube(立方)”、“National Speed Skating Oval(NSSO)．”以及“Capital Indoor Stadium and Wukesong Sports Center．”可知文章提到了4个体育馆，故选C。37．词义猜测题。根据“technologies are being used, especially in building venues(体育比赛场馆)．”可知是指在建造场馆上的创新技术，故选A。38．细节理解题。根据“The ‘Water Cube’ was built to host aquatic(水上运动的) events for the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympic Games．”可知水立方里都是水上运动的项目，所以跳水属于水上运动，故选B。39．细节理解题。根据“ But NSSO uses an environmentally friendly technology which uses carbon dioxide(CO2) to make ice． For ‘Ice Ribbon’ with an ice surface area of 12,000 square meters, the effect of using the new technology in reducing carbon emissions(排放) is the same as planting over 1．2 million trees”可知在制冰过程中使用二氧化碳而不是氟利昂，因为它可以减少碳排放。故选C。40．篇章结构题。本文第一段是总领全文，介绍了在赢得2022年冬奥会主办权后，中国一直在努力举办一届高科技冬奥会；第二、三、四段介绍了在建造水立方上，创新技术是如何被使用的；第六、七段介绍了国家速滑馆中的技术使用；最后一段是表达祝愿。故选C。41．risk【详解】句意：酒后驾车会增加交通事故的风险。risk风险，此处指交通事故的风险程度，所以为不可数名词，结合句意，故填risk。42．disadvantages【详解】句意：住在乡下的不利条件之一是你不能轻易买到你想要的东西。不利条件： disadvantage，可数名词；one of 后接名词复数形式。故填disadvantages。43．whether【详解】句意：我现在不知道是去是留。是否：if或whether，但主句有no等词时，常用whether。故填whether。44．Compare【详解】句意：将你的答案与你书中的答案进行比较，看看它们是否正确。compare“比较”，祈使句动词用原形，故填Compare。45．rapidly【详解】句意：一门外语不可能很快学会，它必须循序渐进地学习。根据中文提示可知，此处应该填入rapidly，意为“迅速地”，副词，修饰动词learn。故填rapidly。46．stranger【详解】句意：告诉一个完全陌生的人关于你的生活是很难的。分析句子可知，由于“a complete”可知，横线上是名词，所以将strange变为stranger。故填stranger。47．to carry【详解】句意：宇航员在太空进行研究时应该足够小心。形容词+enough+to+动词原形表示“足够……的去做”，结合提示词可知，空处填to carry。故填to carry。48．polluted【详解】句意：我们都希望生活在一个污染更少的世界里，所以现在是我们走向绿色的时候了。pollute“污染”，是动词，此处是作定语修饰world，应用polluted“受污染的”。故填polluted。49．possibility【详解】句意：——你有可能在上班的路上接我吗？——没问题。分析句子可知，此处应填名词形式，possible的名词形式为possibility“可能性”。故填possibility。50．agreement【详解】句意：在中国，“点头”表示同意。但在保加利亚，它的意思恰恰相反。根据“In China, “nodding” means．．．(agree)．”可知，在中国，“点头”表示同意，此空应是agree的名词形式agreement“同意”，为不可数名词。故填agreement。51．happen 52．believed 53．proper 54．such as 55．in the future【导语】文章主要讲述了通过研究发现植物在有压力时会发出声音以及这项研究的益处。51．句意：这件事似乎永远不会真的发生。根据“Then the tomato starts to scream!”以及备选词可知，此处指西红柿会尖叫是不会发生的事。happen“发生”符合语境。故填happen。52．句意：科学家们相信动物和昆虫可能会听到这些声音。根据“For example, the sounds can tell them whether a plant is stressed or not．”以及备选词可知，此处指科学家认为植物和动物能够听到这种声音。believe“相信”符合语境，结合后文，用一般过去时。故填believed。53．句意：如果动物饿了，它也可以用这些声音挑选合适的植物吃。根据“An animal can also use the sounds to pick．．．plants to eat if it is hungry．”以及备选词可知，此处指动物可以根据这些声音挑选合适的植物吃。proper“合适的”符合语境。故填proper。54．句意：科学家们还听取了其他植物的意见，如小麦和玉米。根据“Scientists also listened to other plants,．．．wheat and corn．”以及备选词可知，后文的小麦和玉米事前文其他植物的举例。such as“例如”符合语境。故填such as。55．句意：科学家们表示，这项研究可以在未来帮助农民。根据“Scientists said the study can help farmers．．．”以及备选词可知，此处指这项研究可以在未来帮助农民。in the future“在未来”符合语境。故填in the future。called/named 57．drivers 58．offer/give 59．find/know 60．Seoul’s 61．with 62．Airplanes 63．new 64．cleaning 65．future【导语】本文介绍了5G在交通方式上的运用，使得出行更加智能化。56．根据“Gacha, the word’s first all-weather robot bus in Finland, is a good example．”可知，Gacha是世界上第一辆全天候机器人公交车；call“称呼”/name“取名”，符合语境，此处应用过去分词，与is构成被动语态。故填called/named。57．根据“These transmitters are then used to control buses, making them driverless and work perfectly even under difficult conditions”可知，这些发射器控制着没有司机的公共汽车，即使在困难的条件下也能工作；driver“司机”，符合语境，此处应用复数表示泛指。故填drivers。58．根据“They can provide many services． ”可知，它们给/提供人们许多服务；offer“提供”，offer sth． to sb．“给某人提供某物”；give“给”，give sth． to sb．“把某物给某人”。故填offer/give。59．根据“For example, the roads can tell electric car drivers where the nearest charging station (充电站) is．”可知，电动汽车司机可以通过道路找到/知道最近的充电站；find“找到”，know“知道”，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填find/know。60．根据“In Seoul, a smart management system is being used in one of the city’s underground stations．”可知，该智能管理系统正在Seoul的一个地铁站中使用；修饰名词应用名词所有格。故填Seoul’s。61．根据“This system has many smart features, including a 3D map, sensors (传感器) and modern camera system that make station more efficient and safer．”可知，有3D地图、传感器和现代摄像系统，使得空间站更高效、更安全；with“带有”，符合语境。故填with。62．根据“Airbus is making ．．． airplanes that will have many sensors and 5G transmitters．”和“The sensors will keep track of many things．．．”可知，此处是介绍未来的智能飞机；airplane“飞机”，符合语境，此处应复数表示泛指，且首字母大写。故填Airplanes。63．根据“Airbus, one of the world’s biggest airplane makers, is working on new airplanes that will have many sensors and 5G transmitters．”可知，空客正在制造配备许多传感器和5G发射器的新飞机；new“新的”，符合语境，作定语修饰名词。故填new。64．根据“sensors will keep track of (了解……的动态) many things, such as whether the toilet needs to be cleaned, or whether passengers have fastened their seat belts．”可知，传感器将跟踪许多事情——厕所是否需要清洗，或者乘客是否系好了安全带；clean“清洁”，动词；need doing sth．“需要做某事”。故填cleaning。65．根据“We believe that 5G will bring a bright future for smart traveling．”可知，5G将创造智能旅行的未来；future“未来”，符合语境。故填future。(m)arking 67．(m)embers 68．(f)rom 69．(s)econd 70．(c)ompleted 71．(l)ike 72．(w)hether 73．(a)dvantages 74．(b)etter 75．(b)rings【导语】本文主要介绍了10月16日清晨，中国向天宫空间站发射了神舟十三号任务，宇航员们在太空创造了历史。66．句意：2021年10月16日，中国一早将神舟十三号发射到天宫空间站，标志着中国最长时间的太空飞行的开始。根据“China launched the Shenzhou XIII mission to the Tiangong space station early in the morning．．．the start of the longest spaceflight of China”以及首字母可知神舟十三号的发射标志着中国最长时间的太空飞行的开始，mark“标志”，句中已有谓语动词“launched”，此处用非谓语动词，此处用现在分词作状语，表示主动关系。故填(m)arking。67．句意：发射约9小时后，翟志刚、王亚平、叶光富三人进入空间站核心舱天河。根据“Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu”以及首字母可知这是神舟十三号的成员，数词three后加名词复数members“成员”。故填(m)embers。68．句意：从那时起，他们开始了他们在太空站为期六个月旅程。from then on“从那时起”，固定用法。故填(f)rom。69．句意：王亚平是中国第二位参加太空飞行的女宇航员。根据“Wang Yaping is China’s．．．female astronaut to take part in a spaceflight”以及首字母并结合常识可知，王亚平是第二位参加太空飞行的女宇航员，表示顺序用序数词second“第二”。故填(s)econd。70．句意：很多任务将由三位宇航员完成。根据“They will carry out some tasks”可知三位宇航员要完成很多任务，此处用过去分词completed“完成”和前面的be动词构成被动语态。故填(c)ompleted。71．句意：他们将执行一些任务，例如测试生命支持系统和健康管理计划。根据“testing the life-support systems and health management plans”可知这是举例说明了一些他们的任务，用介词like。故填(l)ike。72．句意：他们还将检查核心舱和神舟飞船在长期飞行中是否能承受恶劣环境。根据“check．．．the Shenzhou spaceship can withstand (承受) a bad environment during a long-term flight”以及首字母可知，句子是宾语从句，表示是否能够承受恶劣环境，用whether引导宾语从句。故填(w)hether。73．句意：研究人员说，女性宇航员实际上比男性宇航员有很多优势。根据“Women are usually more sensitive and careful”可知这是女宇航员的优势，many后加名词复数advantages“优势”。故填(a)dvantages。74．句意：女性通常在很多方面更敏感、更细心，通常更善于沟通，这在长期飞行中很有用。根据“Women are usually more sensitive and careful in many ways, and normally are．．．at communicating”可知女性有许多优势，她们比男性更擅长沟通，应用比较级，be better at．．．“更擅长”。故填(b)etter。75．句意：女宇航员通常会给一项艰巨的任务带来更多的乐趣。根据“And a female astronaut usually．．．more joy to a difficult task”可知女宇航员会带来乐趣，描述客观情况，用一般现在时，主语是名词单数，动词用第三人称单数brings“带来”。故填(b)rings。六、书面表达（满分15分）例文Science Shapes Our LifeIn the last few decades, science has developed at high speed, and played an important role in our daily lives． It is the development of science that allows us to understand ourselves and the world around us better, create many inventions that help us live better．Recently, my family decided to embrace the future of transportation by purchasing a new energy vehicle． I find the electric car seems to be faster and smoother compared with a petrol car． Furthermore, new energy vehicles use electric energy as a power source． Electricity can be obtained through a variety of ways, including renewable energy such as solar and wind energy, so the popularity of electric vehicles has a positive impact on the environment．Looking ahead, the future of science appears promising, with endless possibilities waiting to be explored and discovered． Advances in fields such as artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and space exploration hold the potential to revolutionize the way we live, work, and interact with the world around us．【详解】[总体分析]①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；②时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”；③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏信息，可适当补充细节，并突出写作重点。[写作步骤]第一步，总体介绍科学发展带给生活什么样的影响；第二步，讲述科学发展影响自身生活的经历；第三步，表达对未来科学的畅想。[亮点词汇]①play an important role in在……中起重要作用②allow sb． to do sth．允许某人做某事③compared with与……相比④have a positive impact on对……有积极的影响[高分句型]①It is the development of science that allows us to understand ourselves and the world around us better, create many inventions that help us live better．（强调句）②I find the electric car seems to be faster and smoother compared with a petrol car．（省略that的宾语从句）③…hold the potential to revolutionize the way we live, work, and interact with the world around us．（省略that的定语从句）