专题17 阅读理解之应用文- 高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（天津专用）

这是一份专题17 阅读理解之应用文- 高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（天津专用），文件包含专题17阅读理解之应用文原卷版-高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练天津专用docx、专题17阅读理解之应用文解析版-高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练天津专用docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共52页， 欢迎下载使用。

高考阅读理解选材来源广泛，多源于国外英文图书、报刊、网络媒体，语言地道纯正，具有鲜明的语言文化特点。体裁包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等，涉及科普、社会、文化、地理、历史、政治、经济、人文、日常生活等领域。命题主要考查细节理解、主旨大意、词义猜测及推理判断。
A篇应用文，考查快速提取信息定位及匹配能力。难度：低
高考英语阅读理解题中，应用文具有以下一些特点：
1. 题材多样、注重实用
广告题材涉及美食之旅、职业从业者、自行车租赁、旅游观光等方面，题材十分丰富，而且与实际生活联系紧密。
2. 语言地道、简洁明了
①简单句多，复杂句少。广告所用语言较简洁，多采用简单句，句型结构较为复杂的长、难句很少，因此读上去比较容易。
②多采用短语、省略句。广告多采用非完整句，短语、省略很常见，更加有效地传达信息。例如：
3. 设题灵活、筛选信息。广告的设题方式主要有：
1)理解写作意图：这样的题目要求考生能理解作者的写作目的、主旨大意以及广告的体裁特点。
2)获取文中信息：有关广告的阅读试题大部分为这类题目，要求考生读懂文中的关键信息。
3)理解深层含义：这类题目要求考生理解某一句话的深层含义，也就是透过字里行间，读懂言外之意。
应用文主要设题类型及特点
1. 细节理解题：针对应用文体裁的阅读训练多出现细节理解题。应用文不同于一般的文章，应用文的措辞简洁明了、直截了当，在阅读时须重点注意细节信息，最好采取跳读这种阅读方法。如：活动的具体时间和地点是什么？音乐会的具体举办时间是什么？所倡议的活动是针对哪些人展开的？
2. 主旨大意题：应用文强调实用性，无论是信件、广告、通知，还是倡议书、海报等，在阅读时都应该快速掌握其主旨大意。如：海报介绍的那部电影？通知的是哪个活动？邀请哪些人参加什么活动？这些都是主旨大意题考查的内容。常见的主旨大意题的题干表达方式有“The pster intrduces us t _______.” “The e-mail mainly tells us abut _______.”
3. 观点态度题：作者往往通过海报、广告等形式的应用文表明自己对于某事的态度，也可以通过通知、倡议书、邀请函等形式暗示自己对某次活动的看法和态度。常见的观点态度题的题干表达方式有“What is the authr’s attitude twards...” “What des the authr think f ”
题型01 线索句定位法（直接信息题）
【题型诠释】
所谓线索句，就是为我们提供正确答案的线索，对线索句的精准定位，是阅读高分的秘诀。
首先，英语阅读的试题顺序往往对应着段落顺序，按照出题顺序，依次往下找，就能迅速定位到段落；其次，定位到段后，粗略对比，迅速找到与试题所给句子中单词/短语重复较多的目标句；最后，将目标句与试题选项的句子仔细比对，找出区别，逐个排除错误项，定位答案。
【典例】
（2023·天津·耀华中学校考二模）Cmmunity Develpment Prjects Overseas
The aim f Cmmunity Develpment Prjects abrad in Temple Cnservatin, DIY and mre is t imprve prer lcal cmmunities. Yu can d them as part f yur wrk experience, gap year r career break, r just as a vlunteering hliday.
Suth Africa
Time: 1st, March — 31st, May 2024
Registratin fee: $65
Maintenance/Handyman/DIY skills, this prject wuld lve t have yu! The prject is truly unique. Yu will assist an Animal Rehabilitatin Center that desperately needs any help it can get and yu will be benefiting the animals at the same time! And, f curse, the lcatin is very unusual. And finally, cnservatin are lvely peple t wrk with!
Sri Lanka
Time: 1st, May — 31st, July 2024
Registratin fee: Free
Buddhist Temple Repair and Cnstructin, Prject in Kandy
Rebuild and repair Buddhist temple in and arund Kandy. This unique and fascinating prject ffers an pprtunity t learn abut Sri Lankan cnstructin using traditinal manual methds, withut using mdern machines.
Wrk includes cnstructin, repairing temples, cleaning in and arund temples, interacting with children and villagers and helping the Temples arrange Cmmunity Centers fr the village yuths. Yu will als assist with the repair f paintings and sculptures inside the temples.
Zimbabwe
Time: 1st, Octber — 31st, December, 2024
Registratin fee: $120
Cmmunity Healthcare and Medical Prject in Gweru gain basic medical experience in lcal clinics and play a rle in HIV/AIDS educatin and awareness. Yu will be able t get invlved in nt nly this clinic but thers in the nearby area as well. Yu d nt need t be qualified in any particular area. Yu will wrk with children frm the ages f 3 t 6 years. It is a very wrthwhile, enjyable placement.
41．What is the aim f Cmmunity Develpment Prjects abrad?
A．T imprve yur wrk experience.
B．T bring yu a chance t travel abrad.
C．T ffer a meaningful vlunteering hliday.
D．T better underdevelped lcal cmmunities.
42．Which f the fllwing is needed in Suth Africa?
A．Peple skilled in painting.
B．Peple gd at treating AIDS.
C．Peple experienced in travelling.
D．Peple expert at tending animals.
43．Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE abut the temple repair wrk in Sri Lanka?
A．It will all be dne in mdern methd.
B．It will invlve using hands and strength.
C．Experienced experts will direct the wrk.
D．The village yuths will help with the repair.
44．The prject f Zimbabwe is intended fr ________.
A．health and medicine
B．animals and resurces
C．fd and envirnment
D．cmmunity and educatin
【答案】41．D 42．D 43．B 44．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个海外社区发展项目，包括寺庙保护、DIY等内容。
41．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The aim f Cmmunity Develpment Prjects abrad in Temple Cnservatin, DIY and mre is t imprve prer lcal cmmunities.”（海外社区发展项目包括寺庙保护、DIY等，目的是改善当地较贫穷的社区。）可知，海外社区发展项目的目的是改善当地较贫穷的社区。故选D项。
42．推理判断题。根据Suth Africa部分中“Yu will assist an Animal Rehabilitatin Center that desperately needs any help it can get and yu will be benefiting the animals at the same time!”（你将帮助一个动物康复中心，它迫切需要它可以得到的任何帮助，你将在同时使动物受益！）可知，南非的项目需要有人帮助动物康复中心。由此推知，这里很需要善于照料动物的人。故选D项。
43．细节理解题。根据Sri Lanka部分中“This unique and fascinating prject ffers an pprtunity t learn abut Sri Lankan cnstructin using traditinal manual methds, withut using mdern machines.”（这个独特而迷人的项目提供了一个机会来了解斯里兰卡的建筑，使用传统的手工方法，而不使用现代机器。）可知，斯里兰卡的寺庙修复工作使用传统手工方法。由此推知，这会需要双手和力量。故选B项。
44．细节理解题。根据Zimbabwe部分中“Cmmunity Healthcare and Medical Prject in Gweru gain basic medical experience in lcal clinics and play a rle in HIV/AIDS educatin and awareness.”（Gweru社区保健和医疗项目在当地诊所获得基本医疗经验，并在HIV/AIDS教育和认识方面发挥作用。）可知，津巴布韦的项目旨在促进健康和医疗。故选A项。
题型02 间接信息法
【题型诠释】
第一步：审读题干，提取关键信息；
第二步：速读定位原文信息句，将试题信息与原文信息进行语义转换；
第三步：逐一核对选项，仔细辨别，得出答案。
解题原则：对原文多处相关信息进行整合转换。
【典例】
（2024·天津河东·一模）Scttish Internatinal Strytelling Festival
Saturday 18 Octber
Once Upn a Jurney
Natinal Museum f Sctland
11 am (5 hrs)
Free|5+
A day f strytelling jurneys and perfrmances at the Natinal Museum. Jin Captain Zepp’s Submarine Adventures with Macastry, g n Magic Carpets and Stry Safaris, and explre Sctland’s histry fr all ages with Andy Cannn’s Tales f a Grandsn. Tickets fr auditrium shws are n a first-cme-first-served basis. Stry Safaris and Magic Carpets have limited places and will require sign-up n the day.
Saturday 18 Octber
Travelling Tales
Scttish Strytelling Centre 2 pm(2 hrs)
£ 7. 5018+
Jin strytellers and musicians Essie Stewart, Claire Hewitt, Alasdair Taylr and Alastair Davidsn fr an afternn f traditinal jurney tales and sngs. Yung peple frm Badench Lchaber will als share their wn stries in Gaelic and English inspired by the epic jurneys f the Scttish travelers.
Saturday 18 Octber
Enlightenment Edinburgh
Meet at Mercat Crss beside St Giles Cathedral
2. 30 pm (1 hr 45 mins)
£ 11, £ 6 child |All ages
Jurney thrugh 18th-century Edinburgh. The ppulatin was small; the space they lived in was smaller. Yet frm this tiny stage Edinburgh’s intellectual influence spread acrss the new wrld. Explre the mediaeval (中世纪的) Old Twn t the Gergian New Twn; hear abut the lives f the men wh fashined new ideas: David Hume, Adam Smith. Walter Sctt. James Huttn and many mre.
Sunday 19 Octber
Natural Jurneys
Ryal Btanic Garden Edinburgh
I pm(3 hrs)
Free |All ages
Frm Tea Huse t Tented Village, Gateway t Grves, and Yurts t Caravans, listen t nature’s expressive language thrugh traditinal stries and music. Jurney between key lcatins in the beautiful Btanic Garden. There’s als The Lst Seasns, a special perfrmance f music, stry and step dance frm sme f Sctland’s leading traditinal artists.
11．Which f the fllwing lasts the lngest time?
A．Once Upn a Jurney.B．Travelling Tales.
C．Enlightenment Edinburgh.D．Natural Jurneys.
12．If yu’d like t learn abut the histry f Edinburgh, yu shuld g t _____.
A．the Natinal Museum f SctlandB．the Scttish Strytelling Centre
C．Mercat CrssD．the Ryal Btanic Garden
13．If yu g t Travelling Tales, yu ______.
A．need t bk in advance
B．can g n Magic Carpets
C．will meet David Hume and Adam Smith
D．can listen t stries in different languages
14．Yu can visit the fllwing places EXCEPT _____ in yur Natural Jurneys.
A．Tented VillageB．Gateway t Grves
C．Tea HuseD．Gergian New Twn
【答案】11．A 12．C 13．D 14．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了苏格兰国际故事节中的四个活动。
11．细节理解题。根据各个活动的时间尤其是Once Upn a Jurney中的时间“11 am (5 hrs)”可知，Once Upn a Jurney这个活动的持续的时间最长。故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据Enlightenment Edinburgh部分的“Meet at Mercat Crss beside St Giles Cathedral (在圣吉尔斯大教堂旁的Mercat Crss会面)”可知，如果你想了解爱丁堡的历史，你应该去Mercat Crss。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据Travelling Tales部分的“Yung peple frm Badench Lchaber will als share their wn stries in Gaelic and English inspired by the epic jurneys f the Scttish travelers. (Badench Lchaber的年轻人还将以盖尔语和英语分享他们自己的故事，这些故事的灵感来自苏格兰旅行者的史诗之旅。)”可知，如果你去参加Travelling Tales，你可以听不同语言的故事。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据Natural Jurneys部分的“Frm Tea Huse t Tented Village, Gateway t Grves, and Yurts t Caravans, listen t nature’s expressive language thrugh traditinal stries and music. (从茶馆到帐篷村，从Grves的Gateway到大篷车的Yurts，通过传统故事和音乐聆听大自然的表达语言。)”可知，在Natural Jurneys中，能够参观的地方为Tea Huse，Tented Village，Gateway的Grves。所以不能参观Gergian New Twn。故选D。
题型03 数字计算法
【题型诠释】
第一步：审读题干，提取关键信息；
第二步：速读定位原文中包含该信息的相关段落；
第三步：进行推算，得出答案。
解题原则：文章中直接给出来相关数据，要经过具体的对比、分析、计算才能够得出答案。
【典例】
（23-24高三上·天津·期末）Ice Skating Prgrams in Nashville
At Centennial Sprtsplex
222 25th Ave. N., Nashville
615-862-8480
Nashville Skating Academy (NSA)
NSA’s Learn-t-Skate prgram can help yu master skating skills in figure skating (花样滑冰) and hckey! Snw Plw Sam 1-3 fr kids aged3-5; Basic 1-6 fr kids aged 6 and lder; Adult classes are fr skaters aged 16 and lder.
The NSA Learn-t-Skate prgram runs a seven-week series year-rund n Tuesdays and Thursdays frm 5:45 - 6:45 p.m. and Saturdays frm 9:45 - 10:45 a.m. The Basic class package (整套计划) is $155 per seven-week series fr ne class per week; the cmplete package is $275 per seven-week series fr all classes ffered in the sessin.
Skaters must pass Basic 1 and 2 befre signing up fr the Learn t Skate Hckey class that fcuses n skating skills specific t hckey. Fr skaters in level Basic 5 r abve, the next prgram is Rising Stars Bridge fcusing n spins, jumps and mves in the field.
At Frd Ice Center
5264 Hickry Hllw Pkwy. Antich
615-742-4399
The Sctt Hamiltn Skating Academy (SHSA)
SHSA’s Learn-t-Skate prgram teaches skaters hw t skate in figure skating and ice hckey. The Sctt’s Tts prgram fr ages 3-5 and Basic Skills 1-6 fr ages 6-15 teach kids agility, crdinatin (敏捷、协调), balance and speed. Learn t Skate Hckey is fr kids aged 6-15 t learn the fundamentals f ice hckey. Skaters must have cmpleted Basic Skills Level 3. Freeskate 1-6 fr all ages is fr prgressive skating skills like transitins (步法衔接), spins and jumps t guide skaters t recreatinal and cmpetitive figure skating. Skaters must have cmpleted Basic Skills Level 1-6. Adults (ages 16 and lder, beginner t advanced) is fr beginning and experienced skaters wh want t imprve their skills.
A new sessin begins every seven weeks, year-rund. Classes are held n Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays. Cst is $145 per seven-week sessin which cnsists f ne class per week fr seven weeks; $230 per seven-week sessin fr all classes per week.
Fr skaters in Basic 4 and up, SHSA als ffers a Theatre n Ice prgram, which runs fr eight weeks and csts $90 fr each sessin.
22．Fr three classes per week in a seven-week sessin, a teenager will be charged ________.
A．$145 by SHSA．B．$275 by NSA．
C．$465 by NSA．D．$690 by SHSA．
【答案】 22．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了纳什维尔的滑冰项目的具体信息。
22．细节理解题。根据“Nashville Skating Academy (NSA)”中第二段“The NSA Learn-t-Skate prgram runs a seven-week series year-rund n Tuesdays and Thursdays frm 5:45 - 6:45 p.m. and Saturdays frm 9:45 - 10:45 a.m. The Basic class package is $155 per seven-week series fr ne class per week; the cmplete package is $275 per seven-week series fr all classes ffered in the sessin.”（美国国家安全局的“学滑冰”项目在每周二和周四下午5点45分至6点45分，周六上午9点45分至10点45分，全年持续7周。基本课程套餐(每周一节课)每七周155美元，完整的课程包是每七周275美元，包括所有课程。）可知，每周三节课，为期七周的完整的课程包是275美元。故选B项。
题型04 细节排除法
【题型诠释】
第一步：审读题干和四个选项的内容；
第二步：利用首尾，排除掉部分选项，缩小范围；
第三步：如排序内容较多，再查看剩余选项的异同处，缩小范围；如排序内容较少，一般可快速得出答案。
解题原则：采用“首尾定位法”，先根据第一个事件和最后一个事件缩小范围，再根据事件发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确顺序。
【典例】
（23-24高三上·天津和平·期末）Yu’re lking fr a hliday with a difference? It’s n ffer right here! Cme with us n a very special tur f the great suthern cntinent Antarctica. It’s the nly untuched wilderness left n ur planet. Fr 10 mnths f the year, the cntinent is inaccessible by ships. Cnsequently, ur turs are cnducted in the brief perid in late spring when the ice has melted and we can reach Antarctica.
S why shuld I g there?
Antarctica may lack man-made attractins, but its natural beauty is breathtaking. Yu’ll want t tell yur grandchildren abut this trip in years t cme. Ninety-eight percent f this cntinent is cvered with ice, which cntains 70 per cent f the wrld’s fresh water, althugh it receives very little rainfall.
What kind f things culd I see and d there?
Our turs are cnducted in summer, but yu have t remember that summer is six mnths later in the Suthern Hemisphere. Apart frm the Arctic regin, Antarctica is ne f the tw areas n earth where yu can enjy 24 hurs f sunlight. T get there, we have ur wn ship, which is equipped with a helicpter and a landing pad. Once there yu’ll be able t bserve penguins and birds, and even watch whales and seals in the cean.
D yur turs damage the envirnment?
N, nt at all. We dn’t disturb the wildlife, and we remve all the rubbish that we prduce. We strictly fllw the guidelines cntained in the 1991 Antarctica Agreement, which bans il explratin and prtects wildlife.
Hw lng des a tur last?
That depends n which tur package yu chse. Yu can visit the Antarctic regin fr as lng as a mnth r, if yu depart frm Australia, yu can see the Antarctic cntinent frm the air in just ne day. We will fly yu ver the cntinent s yu can see it frm the cmfrt f yur seat n ne f ur aircraft. The exact rute depends n the weather n the day f the . tur, but nrmally the flights pass ver the Antarctic castline and then head inland ver vast landscapes frmed by ice and dramatic muntain ranges.
That sunds really interesting. Hw d I make a bking?
Suth Ple Turs are based in Christchurch, New Zealand. Call us n 25674874 tday!
28．Accrding t the guidelines, which actin is prper t address envirnmental cncerns?
A．Visitrs must take fresh water with them while visiting the cntinent.
B．The cntinent must be clsed t visitrs in late spring every year.
C．Plar tur must be cnducted withut disturbing its wildlife.
D．Oil explratin is allwed nly when all the rubbish is remved.
【答案】 28．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了独特的南极洲之旅，强调了南极洲作为地球上唯一未被破坏的荒野地区的美丽和独特性。文章还提到了该旅行不会对环境造成损害，并提供了不同行程长度的选择以及如何预订旅行的信息。
28．细节理解题。根据第四段“We dn’t disturb the wildlife, and we remve all the rubbish that we prduce. We strictly fllw the guidelines cntained in the 1991 Antarctica Agreement, which bans il explratin and prtects wildlife.(我们不打扰野生动物，我们清除我们产生的所有垃圾。我们严格遵守1991年《南极协定》中的指导方针，该协定禁止石油勘探并保护野生动物)”可知，根据《南极协定》指导方针，极地旅游必须在不干扰野生动物的情况下进行，这种行动适合解决环境问题，故选C项。
【高考真题】
（2023·天津·统考高考真题）STUDENT EMPLOYMENT ON CAMPUS
All students may apply t wrk n campus.
Getting started
Befre starting any psitin, all students need t cmplete required tafrms and shw identificatin. Internatinal students als need:
*Scial Security card *Bank accunt
*Valid passprt *Official wrk permit
*Letter f supprt frm the ffice f Internatinal Student Life
Lking fr a jb n Handshake
Handshake is an nline jb search platfrm fr cllege students. With a Handshake accunt, students can receive infrmatin abut career events and persnalized jb recmmendatins. T use Handshake, just fllw these steps:
*Lg in t Handshake using yur email address already prvided by the cllege.
*Cmplete persnalizatin f yur prfile.
*Start yur jb search by clicking “Jbs” buttn.
*Fill ut desired infrmatin: lcatin, jb type, etc.
*Apply directly by clicking “Apply Nw” buttn.
Yu can als make appintments t meet with a career cach, access career resurces, and explre careers that interest yu. On-campus jbs available fr students
*Academic department assistant (Flexible wrking hurs n Mnday/Thursday)
*Dining services (Lunchtime n weekdays)
*Library assistant (Flexible wrking hurs n Mnday/Wednesday/Friday)
*Bkstre/mailrm(9:00-12:00 at weekends)
*Athletic department (18:00-22:00 n weekdays)
Maximum wrking hurs
*During the semester (学期), dmestic students can wrk a maximum f 10 hurs a week; internatinal students can wrk a maximum f 20 hurs a week.
*During the summer break,a student may nt wrk mre than 30 hurs a week.
*The ttal number f hurs may nt exceed (超过) the maximum hurs allwed even if a student has mre than ne jb.
Fr mre infrmatin, find us at Career Develpment Office, 211Hughes Hall; careerdevelpment@dreamcllege.edu, 555-520-1314
1．What dcuments are necessary fr an internatinal student t seek emplyment?
A．Passprt and Insurance Certificate.
B．Wrk permit and Academic reprt.
C．Bank accunt and Letter f supprt.
D．Health Certificate and Scial Security card.
2．Befre searching fr a jb n Handshake, yu need t_________.
A．cnsult a career cachB．persnalize yur prfile
C．attend jb trainingD．set up a new email accunt
3．Where culd yu wrk n Tuesday evenings?
A．In the athletic department.B．In the dining hall.
C．In the library.D．In the bkstre.
4．Which wrking arrangement is allwed fr a dmestic student?
A．40 hurs per week during the summer break.
B．20 hurs per week during the semester.
C．2 jbs, each with 16 hurs per week.
D．3 jbs, each with 2 hurs per week.
5．Where is the passage prbably taken frm?
A．A university website.B．A curse guide.
C．A summer camp ntice.D．A business magazine.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．A
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了学生在校园里做兼职的一些情况。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Internatinal students als need:*Scial Security card*Bank accunt*Valid passprt*Official wrk permit*Letter f supprt frm the ffice f Internatinal Student Life(国际学生还需要：* 社会保障卡 * 银行账户 * 有效护照 * 正式工作许可证 * 国际学生生活办公室的介绍信)”可知，国际学生寻找工作需要银行账户和介绍信。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Lking fr a jb n Handshake部分下的“T use Handshake, just fllw these steps:*Lg in t Handshake using yur email address already prvided by the cllege.*Cmplete persnalizatin f yur prfile.*Start yur jb search by clicking “Jbs” buttn.(要使用Handshake，只需遵循以下步骤：* 使用学院提供的电子邮件地址登录到Handshake。* 使你的个人资料完全个性化。* 点击“职位”按钮开始搜寻工作。)”可知，在Handshake上寻找工作之前，你需要使你的个人资料完全个性化。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据Maximum wrking hurs上面的句子“*Athletic department (18:00-22:00 n weekdays)(* 体育部（工作日下午18时至22时）)”可知，在周二晚上你可以在体育部工作，故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据Maximum wrking hurs下面的“During the semester (学期), dmestic students can wrk a maximum f 10 hurs a week; internatinal students can wrk a maximum f 20 hurs a week.(本学期国内学生每周最多工作10小时，国际学生每周最多工作20小时。)”和“The ttal number f hurs may nt exceed (超过) the maximum hurs allwed even if a student has mre than ne jb.(即使一个学生有一份以上的工作，总学时也不得超过规定的最高学时。)”可知，即使国内学生有多份工作，每周最多工作总量不得超过10个小时，所以D项“3份工作，每份每周工作2小时。”是被允许的，总共3*2=6，不超过十小时，故选D。
5．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“All students may apply t wrk n campus.(所有学生都可以申请到校园工作。)”可知，文章主要介绍了在校生可以在子校园申请兼职工作，由此可推知，本文可能选自大学网站，故选A。
（2023·天津·统考高考真题）Welcme t UCLA Exchange Prgram! Let’s get started by checking ut Student Guide fr yur academic jurney!
Signing up fr ESL (English as a Secnd Language)
ESL curses are designed t help internatinal students imprve academic English language skills. Enrllment (课程注册) pririty is given t degree students. If space is available, yu may enrll. Yu will then be asked t take an ESL Placement Test. The test results will help yu chse the class that is apprpriate fr yu.
Changing Yur Curse Enrllment List
Yu may change yur class schedule during the first tw weeks f the term by adding r drpping curses frm yur enrllment list. After the secnd week f classes, there will be a charge fr each schedule change. Students ften attend classes in which they are nt enrlled n the first day f instructin t try adding this new curse t the list, as ther students may have drpped it.
Withdrawing frm Curses
If yu chse t drp a curse, yu must fllw the UCLA prcedures fr remving it frm yur schedule. If yu frget t fficially drp that curse, a “F” (Fail) grade will be registered n yur recrd at the end f the term. If, at a later date, yu wish t apply fr a jb r graduate schl where an fficial cpy f yur UCLA recrd is required, it will be t yur advantage t prvide an impressive academic recrd.
Taking Exams
Sme instructrs chse t put previus test papers n library reserve, making them available t all students. These exams, which students cmmnly use fr practice, can give yu an idea f hw instructrs ask questins and what they regard as relevant material. Yu can als access the exams nline.
6．Exchange students can enrll in the ESL curse if they ________.
A．have dne well in the placement test
B．are asked t imprve their English skills
C．find a vacancy after degree students’ enrllment
D．have cmpleted UCLA’s registratin prcedures
7．An ESL Placement Test is aimed t ________.
A．imprve the students’ language skills
B．encurage the students t answer questins
C．put the students in a class that fits them
D．help the students apply fr a degree
8．What is the deadline fr a free enrllment list change?
A．The day when the class is full.
B．The first day f instructin.
C．The first week f the class.
D．The end f the secnd week.
9．What shuld exchange students d if they chse t stp taking a curse?
A．Seek assistance frm UCLA fficials.
B．G thrugh the prcedures t drp it.
C．Present past academic recrds t UCLA．
D．Make a request t the Registratin Office.
10．Wrking n previus tests helps students ________.
A．imitate the way that their instructrs write test questins
B．learn hw questins are asked and what they are based n
C．cme up with new ideas abut hw testing relates t teaching
D．narrw dwn t what has nt yet been cvered in nline tests
【答案】6．C 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了加州大学洛杉矶分校交流项目的学生指南。
6．细节理解题。根据Signing up fr ESL标题下的第二、三句话“Enrllment (课程注册) pririty is given t degree students. If space is available, yu may enrll. (优先招收学位学生。如果有空位，您可以报名。)”可知，如果有空位，那么有学位的学生是能够申请加入该项目的。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据Signing up fr ESL标题下的最后一句话“The test results will help yu chse the class that is apprpriate fr yu. (测试结果将帮助您选择适合自己的班级)”可知，ESL入学考试旨在把学生们放到适合自己的班级里。故选C。
8．细节理解题。根据Changing Yur Curse Enrllment List标题下的第二句话“After the secnd week f classes, there will be a charge fr each schedule change. (第二周的课程结束后，每次更改时间表都会收取费用。)”可知，免费更改报名名单的截止日期是在第二周课程结束后。故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据Withdrawing frm Curses标题下的第一句话“If yu chse t drp a curse, yu must fllw the UCLA prcedures fr remving it frm yur schedule. (如果你选择放弃一门课程，你必须按照加州大学洛杉矶分校的程序将其从你的时间表中删除。)”可知，如果交换生停止课程，他们必须按照加州大学洛杉矶分校的程序将其从时间表中删除。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据Taking Exams标题下的第二句话“These exams, which students cmmnly use fr practice, can give yu an idea f hw instructrs ask questins and what they regard as relevant material. (这些考试是学生们通常用来练习的，可以让你了解老师是如何提问的，以及他们认为哪些是相关材料。)”可知，参加以前的考试有助于学生了解老师是如何提问的，以及他们认为哪些是相关材料。故选B。
（2022·天津·高考真题）Getting int cllege is a big step fr high schl graduates, and it cmes with a lt f changes. Fr mst students, it’s the first time they’re living away frm hme and managing their wn life. Nt surprisingly, adapting t this new lifestyle can be challenging. The fllwing fur tips will make high schl graduates better prepared fr cllege life.
Gal setting
When setting gals, whether they’re academic, career, r persnal, re-member they shuld be attainable but nt t easy, s that yu really have t push yurself t achieve them, and feel rewarded when yu d. Writing dwn yur gals and breaking dwn each huge, lng-term gal int smaller mre practical nes can help make it feel mre real, and writing ut a plan fr achieving it can give yu a radmap t success.
Interpersnal skills
At cllege, yu will interact with fellw students, prfessrs, librarians, and many thers. Strng interpersnal skills will help yu build relatinships during this time, and get mre ut f them. If yu feel that yur interpersnal skills need sme wrk, practice asking thughtful questins and listening clsely, develp yur understanding by putting yurself in smene else’s shes, and enhance yur self-cnfidence.
Studying
With fewer in-class hurs and mre n-yur-wn learning, yu’re required t really digest learning material rather than simply memrize facts. T be successful in cllege yu’ll need t learn hw t integrate large amunts f infrmatin btained thrugh reading, d research, and write papers. Organizatin is the key, s if yu are nt smene wh is naturally rganized, set up yur study schedule.
Budgeting
Managing mney is a critical life skill, and fr many, it is at cllege that they develp it fr the first time. Start by estimating yur financial balance. Then give high pririty t the expenses n basic needs and determine hw much mney t set aside every mnth t cver thse csts. Dn’t frget abut savings…and the fun stuff(mvies, dinners ut), t.
11．Wh is this passage mst prbably written fr?
A．Cllege teachers.
B．University graduates.
C．High schl teachers.
D．Wuld-be cllege students.
12．What is the authr’s suggestin fr reaching a huge gal?
A．Divide it int smaller, mre achievable nes.
B．Reward neself fr each gal ne has set.
C．Purchase a clear, updated radmap.
D．Push neself t an upper level.
13．One f the suggested ways t enhance yur interpersnal skills is t ________.
A．prepare cmplicated questins
B．try n smene else’s shes
C．listen t thers carefully
D．take advantage f thers
14．What is the key t successful cllege study accrding t the authr?
A．Being well-rganized.
B．Being well-infrmed.
C．Effective reading skills.
D．Reliable research methds.
15．T learn hw t manage mney, the first thing t d is________.
A．save mney fr financial investment
B．estimate ne’s incme and expenses
C．set aside mney fr fun activities
D．pen a persnal bank accunt
【答案】11．D 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了高中毕业生如何为大学生活做更好准备的四个技巧。
11．推理判断题。根据第一段中的首句“Getting int cllege is a big step fr high schl graduates, and it cmes with a lt f changes.(对于高中毕业生来说，进入大学是一大步，它带来了很多变化。 )”和最后一句“The fllwing fur tips will make high schl graduates better prepared fr cllege life.(以下四个技巧将使高中毕业生为大学生活做好更好的准备。)”可知，该文主要针对于高中毕业生的。故选D项。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Writing dwn yur gals and breaking dwn each huge, lng-term gal int smaller mre practical nes can help make it feel mre real, and writing ut a plan fr achieving it can give yu a radmap t success.(写下你的目标，把每个巨大的长期目标分解成更小、更实际的目标，可以帮助它感觉更真实，写出一个实现它的计划可以给你一个成功的路线图。)”可知，作者建议学生要将宏大的计划拆分成一个个细小的可实现的计划。故选A项。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If yu feel that yur interpersnal skills need sme wrk, practice asking thughtful questins and listening clsely, develp yur understanding by putting yurself in smene else’s shes, and enhance yur self-cnfidence.(如果你觉得你的人际交往能力需要一些工作，练习提出深思熟虑的问题并仔细倾听，通过设身处地为别人着想来发展你的理解，增强你的自信心。)”可知，新生在人际交往时学会倾听。故选C项。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Organizatin is the key，s if yu are nt smene wh is naturally rganized，set up yur study schedule.(组织是关键，所以如果你不是一个自然有条理的人，那就制定你的学习时间表。)”可知，在大学成功学习的关键是要学会成为一个有条理性的人，并科学安排自己的时间。故选A项。
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Managing mney is a critical life skill, and fr many, it is at cllege that they develp it fr the first time. Start by estimating yur financial balance.(理财是一项至关重要的生活技能，对许多人来说，正是在大学里，他们第一次发展了这项技能。从估计你的财务平衡开始。)”可知大学生要学会自主管理金钱，首先要让收支相抵。故选B项。
（2017·天津·高考真题）Career guidance specialists in Jhn Adams High Schl can prvide infrmatin abut Career & Technical Educatin classes, assist yu in making wise decisins fr yur future, and help yu find pprtunities in: certificate prgrams, apprenticeship (学徒) prgrams and fur-year clleges that best fit yur needs.
Each f the fllwing tw-year prgrams ffers three high schl credits per semester and requires a frmal applicatin.
16．In the Business Cperative Experiences prgram, students will ________.
A．have free transprtatinB．finish 540 class hurs
C．acquire training abilityD．wrk at a lcal business
17．An applicant fr Business Technlgy Lab is likely t be a student wh plans ________.
A．t be an equipment prviderB．t wrk at a secndary schl
C．t develp great cmputer skillsD．t enter the academic wrld
18．What can students learn in Autmtive Services Technlgy?
A．Security peratins.B．Entry-level car services.
C．Instructin techniques.D．Advanced autmtive skills.
19．Which f the prgrams has safety requirements?
A．Business Cperative Experiences.B．Business Technlgy Lab.
C．Autmtive Services Technlgy.D．Building Trades Technlgy.
20．What d the fur prgrams fcus n?
A．Practical skills.B．Theretical study.
C．Business planning.D．Management ability.
【答案】16．D 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．A
【分析】本文是应用文，Jhn Adams High Schl的职业指导专家向学生推荐了四门与就业有关的课程。
16．细节理解题。根据Business Cperative Experiences一栏中“Students will be emplyed at a training statin and will wrk each week at a business in the lcal cmmunity. (学生将在一个培训站工作，每周在当地社区的一家企业工作)”可知，参加Business Cperative Experiences prgram的学生每周会在当地企业工作。故选D项。
17．细节理解题。根据Business Technlgy Lab一栏中“Students will learn multimedia, web design, and pht design skills by using state-f-the-art (最先进的) equipment and sftware. (学生将学习多媒体、网页设计,图片设计技能通过使用最先进的设备和软件)”可知，Business Technlgy Lab prgram适合计划学习计算机技能的学生。故选C项。
18．细节理解题。根据Autmtive (汽车的) Services Technlgy一栏中“The prgram includes classrm instructin and lab activities fr the students t learn entry-level autmtive skills and basic autmtive peratin and service. (课程包括课堂教学和实验活动，让学生学习入门级的汽车技能和基本的汽车操作和服务)”可知，在Autmtive Services Technlgy prgram中，学生可以学到入门级的汽车技能和基本的汽车操作和服务。故选B项。
19．细节理解题。根据Building Trades Technlgy一栏中“Wrk bts and helmet needed (需要工作靴和头盔)”可知，Building Trades Technlgy prgram有安全方面的要求。故选D项。
20．推理判断题。根据第一门课程“Students will be emplyed at a training statin and will wrk each week at a business in the lcal cmmunity. (学生将在一个培训站工作，每周在当地社区的一家企业工作)”， 第二门课程“Students will learn multimedia, web design, and pht design skills by using state-f-the-art (最先进的) equipment and sftware. (学生将使用最先进的设备和软件，学习多媒体、网页设计和照片设计技能)”， 第三门课程“Students will gain skills and training in aut repair that can lead t entry-level jbs, r pst-secndary educatin .( 学生们将获得汽车维修方面的技能和培训，这些技能和培训可以帮助他们找到入门级的工作，或者接受高等教育)”和第四门课程“In this prgram, students, under the leadership f a qualified instructr, will build a huse. (在这个项目中，学生们将在一位合格教师的领导下建造一座房子)”可推知，所有四门课程都重视学生的实践技能。故选A项。
（2016·天津·高考真题）A Language Prgramme fr Teenagers
Welcme t Teenagers Abrad! We invite yu t jin us n an amazing jurney f language learning.
Our Curses
Regardless f yur chice f curse, yu’ll develp yur language ability bth quickly and effectively.
Our Standard Curse guarantees a significant increase in yur cnfidence in a freign language, with fcused teaching in all 4 skill areas — speaking, listening, reading and writing.
Our Intensive Curse builds n ur Standard Curse, with 10 additinal lessns per week, guaranteeing the fastest pssible language learning(see table belw).
EvaluatinStudents are placed int classes accrding t their current language skills. The majrity f them take an nline language test befre starting their prgramme. Hwever, if this is nt available, students sit the exam n the first Mnday f their curse.
Learning materials are prvided t students thrughut their curse, and there will never be mre than 15 participants in each class.
Arrivals and Transfer
Our prgramme ffers the full package — students are taken gd care f frm the start thrugh t the very end. They are cllected frm the airprt upn arrival and brught t their accmmdatin in cmfrt. We require the student’s full flight details at least 4 weeks in advance.
Meals/Allergies(过敏)/Special Dietary Requirements
Students are prvided with breakfast, dinner and either a cked r packed lunch (which cnsists f a sandwich, a drink and a dessert). Snacks utside f mealtimes may be purchased by the student individually.
We ask that yu let us knw f any allergies r dietary requirements as well as infrmatin abut any medicines yu take. Depending n the type f allergies and/r dietary requirements, an extra charge may be made fr prviding special fd.
21．Hw des Intensive Curse differ frm Standard Curse?
A．It is less effective.B．It fcuses n speaking.
C．It includes extra lessns.D．It gives yu cnfidence.
22．When can a student attend Standard Curse?
A．13:00-14:30 Mnday.B．9:00-12:30 Tuesday.
C．13:00-14:30 Friday.D．9:00-12:30 Saturday.
23．Befre starting their prgramme, students are expected t ___________.
A．take a language testB．have an nline interview
C．prepare learning materialsD．reprt their language levels
24．With the full package, the prgramme rganiser is suppsed t _________.
A．infrm students f their full flight details
B．lk after students thrughut the prgramme
C．ffer students free sightseeing trips
D．cllect students’ luggage in advance
25．Which f the fllwing may require an extra payment ?
A．Cked dinner.B．Mealtime dessert.
C．Packed lunch.D．Special diet.
【答案】21．C 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．D
【分析】本文是一则广告。介绍一个语言学习课程的课程设置，学习生活方面的要求。
21．细节理解题。根据Our Curses部分中的Our Intensive Curse builds n ur Standard Curse, with 10 additinal lessns per week, guaranteeing the fastest pssible language learning(see table belw)可知，强化课程是在标准课程的基础上每周增加10节课。由此可知，加强课程和标准课程的不同在于它包括额外的课程。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据表格的第二行可知，学生可以在星期二的9点到12点半参加标准课程。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据Evaluatin部分中的The majrity f them take an nline language test befre starting their prgramme.可知，在开始课程之前，学生被希望参加一个语言考试。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据Arrivals and Transfer部分中的Our prgramme ffers the full package — students are taken gd care f frm the start thrugh t the very end.可知，该课程提供全套服务——学生从开始到结束都受到很好的照顾。由此可知，课程的组织者应该在整个课程的过程中照顾学生。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句话Depending n the type f allergies and/r dietary requirements, an extra charge may be made fr prviding special fd.，可知，特殊的饮食可能要额外付款。故选D。
（2014·天津·高考真题）A Guide t the University
Fd
The TWU Cafeteria is pen 7am t 8pm. It serves snacks(), drinks, ice cream bars and meals. Yu can pay with cash r yur ID cards. Yu can add meal mney t yur ID cards at the Frnt Desk. Even if yu d nt buy yur fd in the cafeteria, yu can use the tables t eat yur lunch, t have meetings and t study.
If yu are n campus in the evening r lat at night, yu can buy snacks, fast fd, and drinks in the Lwer Café lcated in the bttm level f the Guglas Centre. This area is ften used fr entertainment such as cncerts, games r TV watching.
Relaxatin
The Glbe, lcated in the bttm level f McMillan Hall, is available fr relaxing, studying , cking, and eating. Mnthly activities are held here fr all internatinal students. Hurs are 10 am t 10 pm, clsed n Sundays.
Health
Lcated n the tp flr f Duglas Hall, the Wellness Centre is cmmitted t physical, emtinal and scial health. A dctr and nurse is available if yu have health questins r need immediate medical help r persnal advice. The cst f this is included in yur medical insurance. Hurs are Mnday t Friday, 9am t nn and 1;00 t 4;30pm.
Academic Supprt
All students have access t the Writing Centre n the upper flr f Duglas Hall. Here, qualified vlunteers will wrk with yu n written wrk, grammar, vcabulary, and ther academic skills. Yu can sign up fr an appintment n the sign-up sheet utside the dr tw 30 –minute appintments per week maximum. This service is free.
Transprtatin
The TWU Express is a shuttle() service. The shuttle transprts students between campus and the shpping centre, leaving frm the Mattsn Centre. Operatin hurs are between 8am and 3pm. Saturdays nly. Rund trip fare is $1.
26．What can yu d in the TWU Cafeteria?
A．D hmewrk and watch TV
B．Buy drinks and enjy cncerts
C．have meals and meet with friends
D．Add mney t yur ID and play chess
27．Where and when can yu ck yur wn fd?
A．The Glbe, Friday
B．The Lwer Café, Sunday
C．The TWU Cafeteria , Friday
D．The McMillan Hall , Sunday.
28．The Guide tells us that the Wellness Centre _________.
A．is pen six days a week
B．ffers services free f charge
C．trains students in medical care
D．gives advice n mental health
29．Hw can yu seek help frm the Writing Centre?
A．By applying nline
B．By calling the centre
C．By filling in a sign-up frm
D．By ging t the centre directly
30．What is the functin f TWU Express?
A．T carry students t the lecture halls.
B．T prvide students with campus turs
C．T take students t the Mattsn Centre.
D．T transprt students t and frm the stres.
【答案】26．C 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．D
【分析】本文是广告类的文章。介绍了大学部分服务项目的情况。一是介绍了自助餐厅、咖啡馆，它们营业的项目及时间、地点等。二是可以让学生放松娱乐的地方，可以在这里自己做饭，组织一些活动等。三是关于健康保健卫生，学生可以去咨询有关健康保健的问题。四是学术支持中心。学生有什么写作、语法、词汇或其他学术问题可以填表登记预约。五是学校有班车来回接送学生往来于学校和商场之间，很是方便。
26．细节理解题。在TWU的自助餐厅你可以做什么？根据fd部分第一段第二句可知可以在这里吃饭；根据yu can use the tables t eat yur lunch t have meetings and t study.可以遇见朋友，所以C项符合。这里如果考生不细心的话，有可能选干扰最强的选项D，选项D的内容都是fd部分的内容，选项D提到的充钱是在TWU的自助餐厅，而下棋是在the Lwer Café,这很容易让考生误选D。故选C。
27．细节理解题。在什么时间和什么地点可以自己做饭？根据Relaxatin部分叙述的可知可以在Glbe做饭，时间是除了周日，所以周五可以在这里做饭，故选A。
28．细节理解题。The Guide告诉我们the Wellness Center什么？根据A dctr and nurse is available if yu have health questins r need immediate medical help r persnal advice.可知这里能够给出关于个人健康一些建议，故选D。
29．细节理解题。你怎样从the Writing Center寻求帮助？根据Yu can sign up fr an appintment n the sign-up sheet utside.可知要想得到帮助需要填写登记表，故选C。
30．细节理解题。TWU班车什么作用？根据The shuttle transprt students between campus and the shpping centre.可知，TWU班车主要接送学生往来于学校与商场之间，故选D。
（2013·天津·高考真题）Guide t Stckhlm University Library
Our library ffers different types f studying places and prvides a gd studying envirnment.
Znes
The library is divided int different znes. The upper flr is a quiet zne with ver a thusand places fr silent reading, and places where yu can sit and wrk with yur wn cmputer. The reading places cnsist mstly f tables and chairs. The grund flr is the zne where yu can talk. Here yu can find sfas and armchairs fr grup wrk.
Cmputers
Yu can use yur wn cmputer t cnnect t the wi­fi specially prepared fr ntebk cmputers; yu can als use library cmputers; which cntain the mst cmmnly used applicatins, such as Micrsft Office. They are situated in the area knwn as the Experimental Field n the grund flr.
Grup­study Places
If yu want t discuss freely withut disturbing thers, yu can bk a study rm r sit at a table n the grund flr. Sme study rms are fr 2­3 peple and thers can hld up t 6­8 peple. All rms are marked n the library maps.
There are 40 grup­study rms that must be bked via the website. T bk, yu need an active University accunt and a valid University card. Yu can use a rm three hurs per day, nine hurs at mst per week.
Strage f Study Material
The library has lckers fr students t stre curse literature. When yu have btained at least 40 credits (学分), yu may rent a lcker and pay 400 SEK fr a year’s rental perid.
Rules t be Fllwed
Mbile phne cnversatins are nt permitted anywhere in the library. Keep yur phne n silent as if yu were in a lecture and exit the library if yu need t receive calls.
Please nte that fd and fruit are frbidden in the library, but yu are allwed t have drinks and sweets with yu.
31．The library’s upper flr is mainly fr students t________.
A．read in a quiet place
B．have grup discussins
C．take cmfrtable seats
D．get their cmputers fixed
32．Library cmputers n the grund flr________.
A．help students with their field experiments
B．cntain sftware essential fr schlwrk
C．are fr thse wh want t access the wi­fi
D．are mstly used fr filling ut applicatin frms
33．What cnditin shuld be met t bk a grup­study rm?
A．A grup must cnsist f 8 peple.
B．Three­hur use per day is the minimum.
C．One shuld first register at the university.
D．Applicants must mark the rm n the map.
34．A student can rent a lcker in the library if he________.
A．can affrd the rental fee
B．attends certain curses
C．has nwhere t put his bks
D．has earned the required credits
35．What shuld NOT be brught int the library?
A．Mbile phnes.B．Orange juice.
C．Candy.D．Sandwiches.
【答案】31．A 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了斯德哥尔摩大学图书馆的不同区域、图书馆的电脑、小组学习地点、学习材料的存放和需要遵守的规定。
31．细节理解题。联系文章Znes部分中的“The upper flr is a quiet zne with ver a thusand places fr silent reading(楼上是一个安静的区域，有超过1000个安静阅读的地方)”可知，图书馆的上层主要是供学生在一个安静的地方阅读，故选A。
32．细节理解题。从文章Cmputers部分中的“yu can als use library cmputers, which cntain the mst cmmnly used applicatins, such as Micrsft Office.(你也可以使用图书馆的电脑；其中包含最常用的应用程序，如Micrsft Office。)”可知，图书馆一楼的电脑里装有学习必备的软件，故选B。
33．细节理解题。从文章Grup­study Places部分中的“T bk, yu need an active University accunt and a valid University card.(预订时，你需要一个活跃的大学账户和一个有效的大学卡。)”可知，要想在这里预订房间，就是首先要在大学进行注册。故选C。
34．细节理解题。联系文章Strage f Study Material部分中的“When yu have btained at least 40 credits (学分), yu may rent a lcker and pay 400 SEK fr a year’s rental perid.(当你获得了至少40个积分，你可以租一个储物柜，并支付400 SEK一年的租期。)”可知，如果学生已经获得了要求的学分，他可以在图书馆租一个储物柜，故选D。
35．细节理解题。从文章Rules t be Fllwed部分中的“Please nte that fd and fruit are frbidden in the library(请注意，图书馆内禁止携带食物和水果)”可知，食物sandwiches“三明治”是不能带进图书馆的。根据此部分中的“Mbile phne cnversatins are nt permitted anywhere in the library. Keep yur phne n silent as if yu were in a lecture and exit the library if yu need t receive calls.(图书馆内不允许用手机交谈。把手机调成静音，就像在上课一样，如果需要接电话，就离开图书馆。)”可知，在图书馆内是不能打电话的，但是可以带着手机，把手机调至静音，故排除A项。而B项和C项属于饮料和糖果，是可以带入图书馆的，故也被排除。故选D。
（2012·天津·高考真题）Bicycle Safety
Operatin Always ride yur bike in a safe, cntrlled manner n campus (校园). Obey rules and regulatins. Watch ut fr walkers and ther bicyclists, and always use yur lights in dark cnditins.
Theft Preventin Always securely lck yur bicycle t a bicycle rack -- even if yu are nly away fr a minute. Register yur bike with the University Department f Public Safety. It's fast, easy, and free. Registratin permanently recrds yur serial number, which is useful in the pssible recvery f the bike stlen.
Equipment
* Brakes Make sure that they are in gd wrking rder and adjusted prperly.
* Helmet A necessity, make sure yur helmet meets current safety standards and fits
prperly.
* Lights Always have a frnt headlight -- visible at least 500 feet in frnt f the bike.
A taillight is a gd idea.
Rules f the Rad
Riding n Campus As a bicycle rider, yu have a respnsibility t ride nly n streets and psted bicycle paths. Riding n sidewalks r ther walkways can lead t a fine. The speed limit fr bicycles n campus is 15 mph, unless therwise psted. Always give the right f ways t walkers. If yu are invlved in an accident, yu are required t ffer apprpriate aid, call the Department f Public Safety and remain at the scene until the fficer lets yu g.
Bicycle Parking Only park in areas reserved fr bikes. Trees, handrails, hallways, and sign psts are nt fr bicycle parking, and parking in such psts can result in a fine.
If Things G Wrng
If yu break the rules, yu will be fined. Besides vilating rules while riding bicycles n campus, yu culd be fined fr:
* N bicycle registratin --------------------------$25
* Bicycle parking banned ---------------------------$30
* Blcking path with bicycle ----------------------$40
* Vilatin f bicycle equipment requirement ------$35
36．Registratin f yur bicycle may help yu ________.
A．find yur stlen bicycleB．get yur serial number
C．receive free repair servicesD．settle cnflicts with walkers
37．Accrding t the passage, what bike equipment is a free chice fr bicycle riders?
A．Brakes.B．A helmet.C．A headlight.D．A taillight.
38．When yu ride a bicycle n the campus, ________.
A．ride n psted bicycle paths and sidewalks
B．cycle at a speed f ver 15 mph
C．put the walkers' right f way first
D．call the plice befre leaving in case f accident
39．If yu lck yur bicycle t a tree n the campus, yu culd be fined _________.
A．$25B．$30C．$35D．$40
40．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．A guide fr safe bicycling n campus.
B．Directins fr bicycle tur n campus.
C．Regulatins f bicycle race n campus.
D．Rules fr riding mtr vehicles n campus.
【答案】36．A 37．D 38．C 39．B 40．A
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。骑自行车安全守则包括：操作、防盗措施、设备、道路安全规则细化为校内骑车、停车和罚款情况分类等等。
36．细节理解题。由Registratin permanently recrds yur serial number, which is useful in the pssible recvery f the bike stlen.(注册会永久记录你的序列号，这对找回被偷的自行车很有用。)可知，登记有助于找回丢失的车子。故选A。
37．细节理解题。由A taillight is a gd idea.可知，有后车灯是个好主意。其他都强调必要和确定。所以用后车灯可以根据情况选择。故选D。
38．细节理解题。由Riding n Campus 这一部分可知，在人行道上骑车会被罚款；发生交通事故时，要先给与适当的救助，打电话保护现场直到警官允许你离开。限速15 mph，要让路给行人。故选C。
39．细节理解题。由Bicycle parking banned --$30可知，把车子锁在树上，被罚$30，故选B。
40．主旨大意题。根据全文的大意判断，骑自行车安全守则包括：操作、防盗措施、设备、道路安全规则细化为校内骑车、停车和罚款情况分类等等。所以“校内安全骑车指南”与文章大意吻合，故选A 。
【最新模拟】
（2024·天津宁河·一模）Here are fur best destinatins t be after heart-stpping adventure, a clse-up lk at histry, r the perfect meal.
Buens Aires, Argentina
Buens Aires becmes a hub fr art, sprts, and plitics. Thugh the Argentinean capital is already hme t a cllectin f galleries, Art Basel Cities prmises t prmte Buens Aires’ reputatin in the glbal art scene by ffering prfessinal supprt fr lcal artists, as well as lectures and wrkshps thrughut the year t draw art lvers t the city.
Ls Cabs, Mexic
Lcated at the tip f the Baja Peninsula, the tw small clnial twns f Cab San Lucas and San Jse del Cab have becme the httest vacatin destinatins in Mexic in recent years. With wide, riginal beaches, lively nightclubs, natural resrts, and a farm-t-table fd scene, the asis f Ls Cabs is drawing turists in recrd numbers. As a result, the htel scene is bming, with lts f new develpments and renvatins cmpleted this year.
Zambia
Until nw, Zambia has had little recgnitin as ne f Africa’s great safari (狩猎远征) destinatins. Yet experts knw it as the birthplace f the walking safari In Suth Luangwa Natinal Park, visitrs can expect t see mre animals than babab trees, while Liuwa Plain Natinal Park is the setting fr the wrld’s secnd-largest wildebeest migratin, when tens f thusands f the creatures head acrss the plain frm neighbring Angla.
Brussels, Belgium
Visitrs may want t return t the Belgian capital in 2018 t visit tw cutting-edge museums. The Millennium Icnclast Museum f Art pened t shw cntemprary art frm arund the wrld. There’s als the Citren Cultural Centre, which will launch its first exhibitin in May. The JAM Htel with expsed brickwrk and cncrete beams hused in a frmer art schl, is the perfect place fr culture lvers t stay. Dn’t leave twn withut experiencing beer culture at yuthful breweries (啤酒厂) like Brasserie de la Senne r Brussels Beer Prject.
1．Hw des Art Basel Cities prmte Buens Aires’ reputatin?
A．By ffering lectures nly.B．By giving prfessinal help.
C．By building wrkshps.D．By drawing sme pictures.
2．What attracts s many turists t the asis f Ls Cabs?
A．Its wild climate.B．The bming htels.
C．Its charming attractins.D．The special lcatin.
3．Where can yu g if yu want t see wildebeest migratin?
A．Zambia.B．Ls Cabs, Mexic.
C．Buens Aires, Argentina.D．Brussels, Belgium.
4．What des the authr strngly advise yu t d in Brussels, Belgium?
A．Visit mdern museums.B．Live in luxury htels.
C．Enjy beer culture.D．Attend the art exhibitin activities.
5．Where des this passage mst prbably cme frm?
A．A teachers’ handbk.B．A stry bk.
C．A science magazine.D．A travel jurnal.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个旅游目的地的情况。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Thugh the Argentinean capital is already hme t a cllectin f galleries, Art Basel Cities prmises t prmte Buens Aires’ reputatin in the glbal art scene by ffering prfessinal supprt fr lcal artists, as well as lectures and wrkshps thrughut the year t draw art lvers t the city.(尽管阿根廷首都已经有很多画廊，但巴塞尔城市艺术展承诺通过为当地艺术家提供专业支持，以及全年举办讲座和研讨会来吸引艺术爱好者，从而提升布宜诺斯艾利斯在全球艺术界的声誉)”可知，巴塞尔城市艺术展通过提供专业帮助提升布宜诺斯艾利斯的声誉。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“With wide, riginal beaches, lively nightclubs, natural resrts, and a farm-t-table fd scene, the asis f Ls Cabs is drawing turists in recrd numbers.(宽阔、原始的海滩、热闹的夜总会、自然度假胜地和从农场到餐桌的美食场景，洛斯卡沃斯的绿洲正吸引着创纪录数量的游客)”可知，洛斯卡沃斯的绿洲迷人的景点吸引了许多游客来到这里。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Yet experts knw it as the birthplace f the walking safari In Suth Luangwa Natinal Park, visitrs can expect t see mre animals than babab trees, while Liuwa Plain Natinal Park is the setting fr the wrld’s secnd-largest wildebeest migratin, when tens f thusands f the creatures head acrss the plain frm neighbring Angla.(在南卢安瓜国家公园，游客可以看到比猴面包树更多的动物，而柳瓦平原国家公园是世界上第二大角马迁徙的地点，成千上万的角马从邻国安哥拉穿越平原)”可知，如果你想看角马迁徙，你可以去赞比亚。故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Dn’t leave twn withut experiencing beer culture at yuthful breweries (啤酒厂) like Brasserie de la Senne r Brussels Beer Prject.(别忘了去Brasserie de la Senne或布鲁塞尔啤酒项目等年轻的啤酒厂体验啤酒文化)”可知，作者强烈建议你在比利时布鲁塞尔享受啤酒文化。故选C。
5．推理判断题。根据第一段“Here are fur best destinatins t be after heart-stpping adventure, a clse-up lk at histry, r the perfect meal.(如果你想经历惊心动魄的冒险、近距离了解历史，或者品尝一顿完美的大餐，那么以下四个目的地是你的最佳选择)”结合文章主要介绍了四个旅游目的地的情况。可知，文章选自旅行日志。故选D。
（2024·天津·一模）Free nline curses
Greek and Rman Mythlgy
Instructed by Peter Struck, an assciate prfessr f classical studies at the University f Pennsylvania, this three-week curse intrduces students t mythlgy, specifically in reference t Greek and Rman cultures. Each week students will be required t watch vide lectures, ending with a quiz reviewing that week’s lessns.
Scandinavian Film and Televisin
This six-week curse is perfect fr thse wanting t get familiar with Scandinavian film and televisin scene thrughut the 20th and 21st centuries. Instructr Eva Nvrup Redvall, an assistant prfessr f film and media studies at the University f Cpenhagen, leads students thrugh weekly mdules, kicking ff with the early years f Scandinavian cinematic wrk. Film and TV clips (片段) help bring each lessn t life, as d supplemental (补充的) readings.
A Virtual Tur f the Ancient City
This class starts ff with the fllwing questin: “What has Rme ever dne fr us?” Prfessr Matthew Nichlls in the Department f Classics at the University f Reading deals with that questin head-n during his five-week curse, fcusing n the building f the ancient city f Rme and hw it laid the grundwrk fr the cnstructin f cities thrughut the wrld. In additin t nline discussins, the curse includes digital mdels that students can dwnlad and view, giving them a 3-D perspective f Rme withut setting ft there.
The Bard’s Life and Wrk
Reading Rme and Juliet, Hamlet r any f the ther wrks by William Shakespeare is practically a rite f passage in high schl English classes, but this fur-week curse explre the life f the English playwright and pet. Stephen Greenblatt, the Jhn Cgan University Prfessr f the Humanities at Harvard University, leads students thrugh different appraches t literary analysis and examines hw his writing has been interpreted ver the centuries.
6．Hw des the first curse help students strengthen what they have learned?
A．By playing film clips.
B．By giving weekly tests.
C．By ffering nline discussins.
D．By prviding supplemental readings.
7．Which f the fllwing curses has the lngest duratin?
A．The Bard’s Life and Wrk.
B．Greek and Rman Mythlgy.
C．Scandinavian Film and Televisin.
D．A Virtual Tur f the Ancient City.
8．What will be discussed in the curse “A Virtual Tur f the Ancient City”?
A．Histrical cities in England.
B．Greek and Rman classics.
C．Ancient Rman architecture.
D．Scandinavian traditins and custms.
9．Whse curse might be favred by a Shakespeare fan?
A．Eva Nvrup Redvall’s.
B．Stephen Greenblatt’s.
C．Matthew Nichlls’s.
D．Peter Struck’s.
10．What is the main fcus f the curse “The Bard’s Life and Wrk”?
A．Studying the life and wrks f Shakespeare.
B．Explring the histry f English literature.
C．Reading the passage abut Shakespeare.
D．Analyzing different mdern playwrights.
【答案】6．B 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四种免费的在线课程。
6．细节理解题。根据Greek and Rman Mythlgy标题下“Each week students will be required t watch vide lectures, ending with a quiz reviewing that week’s lessns.”（学生们每周都会被要求观看视频讲座，最后会有一个小测验来复习这周的课程。）可知，第一门课程帮助学生巩固他们所学的知识是通过每周进行测试的方式。故选B项。
7．细节理解题。根据Greek and Rman Mythlgy标题下“Instructed by Peter Struck, an assciate prfessr f classical studies at the University f Pennsylvania, this three-week curse intrduces students t mythlgy, specifically in reference t Greek and Rman cultures.”（由宾夕法尼亚大学古典研究副教授彼得·斯特鲁克指导，这门为期三周的课程向学生介绍神话，特别是希腊和罗马文化。）、Scandinavian Film and Televisin标题下“This six-week curse is perfect fr thse wanting t get familiar with Scandinavian film and televisin scene thrughut the 20th and 21st centuries.”（这个为期六周的课程非常适合那些想要熟悉20世纪和21世纪斯堪的纳维亚电影和电视场景的人。）、A Virtual Tur f the Ancient City标题下“Prfessr Matthew Nichlls in the Department f Classics at the University f Reading deals with that questin head-n during his five-week curse, fcusing n the building f the ancient city f Rme and hw it laid the grundwrk fr the cnstructin f cities thrughut the wrld.”（雷丁大学古典学系的马修·尼科尔斯教授在他为期五周的课程中，直接探讨了这个问题，重点是罗马古城的建设，以及它如何为世界各地的城市建设奠定基础。）及The Bard’s Life and Wrk标题下“Reading Rme and Juliet, Hamlet r any f the ther wrks by William Shakespeare is practically a rite f passage in high schl English classes, but this fur-week curse explre the life f the English playwright and pet. ”（在高中英语课上，阅读《罗密欧与朱丽叶》、《哈姆雷特》或威廉·莎士比亚的其他作品几乎是一种成人仪式，但这门为期四周的课程将探索这位英国剧作家和诗人的一生。）可知，Scandinavian Film and Televisin课程的学习时间最长。故选C项。
8．细节理解题。根据A Virtual Tur f the Ancient City标题下“Prfessr Matthew Nichlls in the Department f Classics at the University f Reading deals with that questin head-n during his five-week curse, fcusing n the building f the ancient city f Rme and hw it laid the grundwrk fr the cnstructin f cities thrughut the wrld. ”（雷丁大学古典学系的马修·尼科尔斯教授在他为期五周的课程中，直接探讨了这个问题，重点是罗马古城的建设，以及它如何为世界各地的城市建设奠定基础。）可知，“虚拟古城之旅”这门课将讨论的内容是古罗马建筑。故选C项。
9．细节理解题。根据The Bard’s Life and Wrk标题下“Reading Rme and Juliet, Hamlet r any f the ther wrks by William Shakespeare is practically a rite f passage in high schl English classes, but this fur-week curse explre the life f the English playwright and pet. Stephen Greenblatt, the Jhn Cgan University Prfessr f the Humanities at Harvard University, leads students thrugh different appraches t literary analysis and examines hw his writing has been interpreted ver the centuries.”（在高中英语课上，阅读《罗密欧与朱丽叶》、《哈姆雷特》或威廉·莎士比亚的其他作品几乎是一种成人仪式，但这门为期四周的课程将探索这位英国剧作家和诗人的一生。哈佛大学约翰·科根大学人文学科教授斯蒂芬·格林布拉特带领学生通过不同的方法进行文学分析，并研究了几个世纪以来他的作品是如何被解读的。）可知，Stephen Greenblatt’s的课程会受到莎士比亚迷的青睐。故选B项。
10．细节理解题。根据The Bard’s Life and Wrk标题下“Reading Rme and Juliet, Hamlet r any f the ther wrks by William Shakespeare is practically a rite f passage in high schl English classes, but this fur-week curse explre the life f the English playwright and pet. ”（在高中英语课上，阅读《罗密欧与朱丽叶》、《哈姆雷特》或威廉·莎士比亚的其他作品几乎是一种成人仪式，但这门为期四周的课程将探索这位英国剧作家和诗人的一生。）可知，“The Bard’s Life and Wrk”这门课程主要关注的是研究莎士比亚的生平和作品。故选A项。
（2023·天津河西·统考三模）Chsing a majr is ne f the biggest decisins yu’ll make while yu’re in cllege. It’s imprtant that yu make yur chice cnfidently and after sme cnsideratin.
There’s Nthing Wrng With Being “Undecided”.
Between 20% and 50% f cllege freshmen enter schl withut a declared majr. Keep in mind that there’s nthing wrng with remaining “undecided” r “undeclared” fr the first few years f yur cllege career. Yu can use this time t decide what yu’re interested in. Als, keep in mind that even if yu d declare a majr yur freshman year, yu can always change yur mind. Abut ne-third f first-time cllege students change their majr within three years. Even mre, ver 60% f cllege graduates say they wuld g back and change their majr if they culd, primarily t pursue their passin areas and expand their jb pprtunities.
Explre Yur Passins and Abilities.
Set aside sme time t really explre yur passins and take stck f yur unique abilities. With an undeclared majr t start, yu can take time t really develp int what interests yu. Jin clubs arund campus t cnnect with fellw students wh share yur interests. Take electives in areas that yu might nt therwise have an pprtunity t experience. Fr example, when else might yu be able t take a petry curse r an art histry seminar? Cllege is the perfect time t step ut f yur bx and expand yur hrizns. As a student with an undeclared majr, yu’re uniquely psitined t d just that.
Cnsider Emplyment Opprtunities.
While it’s imprtant t chse a majr that interests yu, it’s als critical t chse a cllege majr that will prvide yu with future emplyment pprtunities. Statistically, the cllege majrs that tend t have the mst earning pwer are in STEM. These majrs might include health sciences r cmputer engineering. Business majrs can als expect a higher than average earning ptential. That being said, emplyers frequently recgnize that graduates wh majred in the liberal arts have valuable sft skills, t, including strng cmmunicatin, written and verbal skills, and leadership abilities. The key is t pick a majr that will be marketable fr the career yu’re interested in pursuing.
Talk t an Academic Advisr.
If yu need a little guidance, set up an appintment with an academic advisr r career cunselrs. Career develpment cunselrs and academic advisrs can help yu narrw dwn yur ptins. If yu have an idea f what classes yu’ve mst enjyed and what career paths are mst appealing t yu, wrking with ne f these prfessinals might be the final push yu need t pick a majr.
Still have sme dubts nw? Yu can submit yur questins Here.
46．What can we learn frm the secnd paragraph?
A．Mst graduates went back t cllege and changed their majrs fr a brighter future.
B．Mst students frequently change their majrs thrughut their cllege years.
C．It is all right t remain undecided n majrs fr nly the freshman year.
D．Yu dn’t necessarily need t declare yur majrs upn entering cllege.
47．Yu are advised t take electives as described in the third paragraph because ______.
A．the curses and seminars are ppular with cllege students
B．it helps yu fully explre where yur interest lies
C．yu can share yur cmmn interest with yur fellw students
D．yur majr lies in the areas, yu can’t miss them
48．An example f having gd sft skills is that ______.
A．yu express yurself well in a cntrversial business discussin
B．yu fix the technical prblems f cmputers in yur ffice easily
C．yu quickly figure ut why the cmmunicatin equipment desn’t wrk
D．yu never delegate but shulder mre f the wrklad at wrk
49．Which f the fllwing statements is Nt True?
A．Yur majr shuld be a reflectin f yur interests and career gals.
B．Chse a majr that will give yu future emplyment pprtunities.
C．An academic advisr r career cunselrs will decide the majr fr yu.
D．Yu shuld chse yur majr carefully and cnfidently.
50．Which f the fllwing is the passage prbably taken frm?
A．A travel cmmentary.B．A website page.
C．A university guide.D．A ppular magazine.
【答案】46．D 47．B 48．A 49．C 50．B
【导语】本文一篇应用文。短文介绍了如何选择大学的专业。
46．推理判断题。根据第二段“Between 20% and 50% f cllege freshmen enter schl withut a declared majr. Keep in mind that there’s nthing wrng with remaining “undecided” r “undeclared” fr the first few years f yur cllege career. Yu can use this time t decide what yu’re interested in.( 20%到50%的大学新生入学时没有指定专业。请记住，在大学生涯的前几年保持“犹豫不决”或“未定”并没有什么错。你可以利用这段时间来决定你感兴趣的专业)”可知，你不必在进入大学时就决定你的专业。故选D项。
47．细节理解题。根据第三段“Set aside sme time t really explre yur passins and take stck f yur unique abilities. With an undeclared majr t start, yu can take time t really develp int what interests yu. Jin clubs arund campus t cnnect with fellw students wh share yur interests. Take electives in areas that yu might nt therwise have an pprtunity t experience.( 留出一些时间来真正探索你的激情，评估你的独特能力。有了一个未公开的专业开始，你可以花时间去真正深入研究你感兴趣的东西。加入校园俱乐部，与志同道合的同学建立联系。参加一些你可能没有机会体验的选修课.)”可知，建议你参加选修课，因为它能帮助你充分探索自己的兴趣所在。故选B项。
48．推理判断题。根据第四段“That being said, emplyers frequently recgnize that graduates wh majred in the liberal arts have valuable sft skills, t, including strng cmmunicatin, written and verbal skills, and leadership abilities.(话虽如此，雇主们通常都认为文科专业的毕业生也有宝贵的软技能，包括良好的沟通能力、书面和口头表达能力以及领导能力.) ”可知，软技能是指良好的沟通能力、书面和口头表达以及领导能力。因此推知，你在有争议的商业讨论中很好地表达自己是一种良好的软技能。故选A项。
49．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If yu need a little guidance, set up an appintment with an academic advisr r career cunselrs. Career develpment cunselrs and academic advisrs can help yu narrw dwn yur ptins. (如果你需要一些指导，和学术顾问或职业顾问约个时间。职业发展顾问和学术顾问可以帮助你缩小选择范围.)”可知，学术顾问或职业顾问会会帮助我们缩小选择范围。故C选项“学术顾问或职业顾问会为你决定专业”错误。故选C项。
50．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still have sme dubts nw? Yu can submit yur questins Here.( 现在还有些疑惑吗?你可以在这里提交问题.)”可推知，本文来自网页。故选B项。
Business Cperative ExperiencesThis is a prgram fr students wh have a career gal in business r ffice wrk. Students spend ne perid each day learning advanced skills related t the students' career bjective in business. Students will be emplyed at a training statin and will wrk each week at a business in the lcal cmmunity.
Imprtant facts:
Cmputer applicatins
Wrk a ttal f 540 hurs t earn credit
Transprtatin nt prvided
Business Technlgy LabThis prgram will prepare students fr careers in business and industry and fr wrking with interactive media. Students will learn multimedia, web design, and pht design skills by using state-f-the-art (最先进的) equipment and sftware. This curse will prvide students with the tls t seek jbs r cntinue studying at a pst-secndary schl.
Imprtant facts:
Available at Clay High Schl
Tw-hur curse
Autmtive (汽车的) Services TechnlgyThe prgram includes classrm instructin and lab activities fr the students t learn entry-level autmtive skills and basic autmtive peratin and service. Students will gain skills and training in aut repair that can lead t entry-level jbs, r pst-secndary educatin.
Imprtant facts:
Classes held at Ivy Tech
Transprtatin prvided
Building Trades TechnlgyIn this prgram, students, under the leadership f a qualified instructr, will build a huse. It gives students basic skills needed t enter the building trades, r t cntinue study f cnstructin in an apprentice prgram, r a pst-secndary schl.
Imprtant facts:
Three-hur curse
Transprtatin prvided
Wrk bts and helmet needed
Curse Type
Days
Number fLessns
CurseTimetable
Standard
Curse
Mn-Fri
20 lessns
9:00-12:30
Intensive
Curse
Mn-Fri
20 lessns
9:00-12:30
10 lessns
13:00-14:30