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    中考英语二轮复习专题14 语法选择(讲练)(2份,原卷版+解析版)

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    中考英语二轮复习专题14 语法选择(讲练)(2份,原卷版+解析版)

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    这是一份中考英语二轮复习专题14 语法选择(讲练)(2份,原卷版+解析版),文件包含中考英语二轮复习专题14语法选择讲练原卷版docx、中考英语二轮复习专题14语法选择讲练解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共58页, 欢迎下载使用。
    语法选择题主要考查考生对《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》所要求的基本语法知识、词汇、习语和较简单的英语表达方式的掌握情况。着重在语篇层面考查学生的语法分析能力,强调语法知识在实际语言中的正确使用。
    语法选择题不是离开语境孤立地考查单纯的语法知识,不是考查语言知识的机械记忆与简单再现,除了考查语言的形式外,还强调语言的意义,更强调语言知识在真实交际情境中的运用。即:把语言的形式、意义和用法有机地结合起来,在语境中了解和掌握语法的表意功能。其考查形式有以下几个特点:
    1.在一篇留有10-15个空白的短文中,要求考生按照句子结构的语法性和上下文的连贯性选择正确答案。
    2. 针对初中学生的认知水平,每小题提供了四个选择项帮助考生解题,选用材料一般为200词左右,多为叙述文体。
    3. 考核重点是初中学生应该掌握的、基础的、核心的语法知识。
    4. 与单项选择不同的是,该题型是在篇章理解的基础上进行语法选择,有些答案的提示并不在本句中,要靠上下文来帮助理解再作出选择。另外,与完形填空题的不同在于,完形填空主要是意义选择。语法选择题所提供的四个备选答案,往往在意思上大致一致,但是语言形式不一,比如名词的单复数不同、形容词的级别不同、动词的时态语态不同,或是出现非谓语动词的搭配、介词的搭配、不同的连接词和代词等,这需要具备较好的语法分析能力,掌握好语法知识。
    考查初中基本语法;
    1.词法 2.时态 3.语态 4.句法
    1.(2023·广州)
    It was a beautiful spring day in a frest in ancient China. High up in a tree, a mther bird was watching ___1___ six baby birds cme ut f the eggs lvingly. Five f them were strng. They chirped ludly. But ___2___ last ne that came ut was nt strng at all. This little ne ___3___ Little Six. He was weak and quiet. He was nt fast enugh ___4___ the wrms (虫子) Mama Bird brught back. Little Six ate ___5___ fd, s he was always hungry. And he didn’t like that.
    Little Six didn’t have a strng bdy. ___6___ he had a strng will. He decided ___7___ he wuld get strnger. He wuld d exercises and flap (拍动) his wings every day.
    Every mrning, Little Six wuld rise ___8___ the sun even came up. When his brthers and sisters wke, Little Six had already finished all his exercises. Mrning after mrning, he practiced ___9___ his wings, and they were getting strnger and strnger. He always gt the first wrms Mama brught back hme.
    All thrugh the spring, Little Six wke up ____10____ than his brthers and sisters. Week after week, he wrked harder than they did. He ____11____ eat big meals and did nt g hungry any mre.
    After a cuple f mnths, all the baby birds had grwn well. Mama Bird brught them tgether and ____12____ them t fly. ____13____ everyne’s surprise, Little Six was the first t start flying!
    “Chirp! Chirp! ____14____ at me!” Little Six cried ____15____ while his brthers and sisters still fught hard, trying t fly up.
    1. A. sheB. herC. hersD. herself
    2. A. aB. anC. theD. /
    3. A. calledB. was callingC. was calledD. were called
    4. A. getB. gtC. gettingD. t get
    5. A. littleB. fewC. muchD. many
    6. A. andB. butC. becauseD. s
    7. A. whatB. whyC. whenD. that
    8. A. befreB. afterC. untilD. if
    9. A. flapB. t flapC. flappingD. flapped
    10. A. earlyB. earlierC. earliestD. the earliest
    11. A. culdB. mightC. shuldD. must
    12. A. teachB. teachesC. taughtD. will teach
    13. A. InB. TC. FrD. At
    14. A. LkB. LksC. T lkD. Lking
    15. A. happyB. happierC. happinessD. happily
    【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
    【解析】本文主要讲一只小鸟出生就比其他鸟脆弱,后来经过自己不断的努力让自己变得强壮,再也没有挨饿并第一个学会飞翔的故事。
    1.句意:在一棵高高的树上,一只鸟妈妈正慈爱地看着她的六个鸟宝宝从鸟蛋里孵出来。
    she她;her她的,形容词性物主代词;hers她的,名词性物主代词;herself她自己。空处修饰“six baby birds”应用形容词性物主代词,故选B。
    2.句意:但是最后一只鸟出来了,并没有那么强壮。
    a/an是不定冠词,表示泛指。a用在辅音音素前;an用在元音音素前。the是定冠词,表示特指。此处特指最后一只鸟,用the。故选C。
    3.句意:这只小鸟被叫做小六。
    called称呼,过去式;was calling正在叫;was called被叫做,主语是第一人称或单数;were called被叫做,主语是第二人称或复数。此处“This little ne”与“call”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,主语是单数。故选C。
    4.句意:他没有那么快的去拿到鸟妈妈带回来的虫子。
    get得到,动词原形;gt过去式;getting现在分词;t get不定式。enugh+t d“足够……去做某事”。故选D。
    5.句意:小六几乎没有吃到了一点食物,所以他总是很饿。
    little很少,修饰不可数名词;few很少,修饰可数名词;much很多,修饰不可数名词;many很多,修饰可数名词。根据“s he was always hungry. And he didn’t like that.”可知很饿应是没有吃到食物,修饰fd,应用little。故选A。
    6.句意:小六没有一个强壮身体,但是他有一个强大的意志。
    and并且;but但是;because因为;s因此。根据“Little Six didn’t have a strng had a strng will.”可知前后是转折关系,故选B。
    7.句意:他决心变得更强壮。
    what什么;why为什么;when什么时候;that那,或作引导词无实意。根据“He wuld get strnger.”可知此处是that引导的宾语从句,从句是陈述句用that引导。故选D。
    8.句意:每天早上小六赶在太阳升起之前起来。
    befre在……之前;after在……之后;until直到;if如果。根据“ sun even came up.”可知是在太阳升起之前起来。故选A。
    9.句意:每天早上,日复一日,他练习拍打他的翅膀,并且它们变得越来越强壮了。
    flap拍打,动词原形;t flap不定式;flapping现在分词;flapped过去式或过去分词。practiced ding sth“练习做某事”。故选C。
    10.句意:整个春天,小六比其他的哥哥姐姐们醒来的更早。
    early早,副词原形;earlier比较级;earliest最高级;the earliest最高级。根据“than his brthers and sisters.”可知是比较级,故选B。
    11.句意:他能够吃掉大餐,再也没有挨饿了。
    culd能够;might可能;shuld应该;must必须。根据“ big meals and did nt g hungry any mre.”可知是能吃掉大餐。故选A。
    12.句意:鸟妈妈把他们放到一起,并教他们飞翔。
    teach教;teaches三单形式;taught过去式;will teach一般将来时。根据“brught”可知时态是过去式。故选C。
    13.句意:令每只鸟都吃惊的是,小六是第一个开始飞的。
    In在……里面;T到;Fr为了;At在。t ne’s surprise“令某人吃惊的是”。故选B。
    14.句意:“吱吱!吱吱!看我” 小六开心地叫道。
    Lk看,动词原形;Lks三单形式;T lk不定式;Lking现在分词。此处是祈使句,以动词原形开头。故选A。
    15.句意:小六开心地叫道,而他的哥哥姐姐们还仍然在努力的尝试着来飞翔。
    happy开心的,形容词原级;happier更开心的,比较级;happiness名词;happily开心地,副词。空处修饰cried用副词形式,故选D。
    题型一般为200词左右的叙述短文,在篇章中考查基本语法。第一句话往往不设空,通过读第一句话可以根据动词的形式判断文章故事发生的时间。语法选择主要考查语法在篇章里的应用。考查方向为以下4个方面
    1.词法 2.时态 3.语态 4.句法
    考点归纳
    动词
    主要从动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词、介词+Ving、情态动词+动词原形等方面考查。
    一看→有无时态标志
    二看→空格前有无情态动词、介词 (情态动词+动原;介词+Ving)
    三看→有无and/r (and/r前或后的动词形式要一致)
    四看→选项出现被动语态,则判断主语与动词是主动还是被动
    五看→ 注意非谓语动词搭配,如 spend + Ving
    从句引导词
    宾语从句:根据宾语从句所缺意思选择引导词that,whether, if,wh-疑问词
    定语从句:判断定语从句修饰的是人或物,修饰人用 wh或 that,修饰物用which或that
    状语从句:时间状语用when, as或while,条件状语用if或whether,原因状语用because, since或as,
    结果状语用s,s/ such… that等。
    冠词
    主要考查冠词a, an, the的选用,一般元音音标前用an,辅音音标前用a,文章特指或第二次提及用the。
    连词
    考查频率最高的是but、s、r、and、althugh、thugh、bth、either、neither、all的用法。判断文章前后的逻辑关系即可较容易选对答案。
    but:表示转折关系;
    s:表示因果关系;
    r:或者、否则之意;
    and:表示并列关系;
    thugh/althugh:表示虽然……但是,不能与but连用。
    :表示两者都;
    :表示两者之一;
    :表示两者中没有一个;
    all:表示全部都,用于三者以上。
    数词
    主要考查基数词和序数词的用法,以及“具体数词+ hundred, thusand, millin”和“hundreds, thusands, millins + f”的使用。
    形容词
    1. 考查分词作形容词,-ed是修饰人,-ing是修饰物
    2. 考查系动词+形容词
    3. 考查形容词原级、比较级、最高级
    介词
    主要考查固定搭配。频率最高的介词:n、in、at、fr用在时间前的用法,with、withut的用法。
    at: 用于具体时刻、传统节日前,例如:at 8:00,at Christmas. 固 定搭配:at nn, at night
    in: 用于世纪、年、季节、月等不具体的时间前,例如:in 2011固定搭配:in the mrning/afternn/evening
    n: 用于具体的某一天,或具体的早上、下午、晚上。
    fr: 后面+一段时间,现在完成时的标志
    with: 与...一起,和...;带着...,有...的;以(手段、材料),用(工具)
    withut: 没有。
    名词
    主要从可数名词单复数、可数或不可数的判断以及所有格的用法。
    副词
    考查副词的基本用法之一——修饰动词,在该句子中,空格前有动词,则要用副词修饰。
    代词
    考查人称代词、反身代词、不定代词等的运用。
    1)人称代词——动词/介词后用宾格;
    2)空格后有名词,用形容词所有格,没有名词则用名词所有格;
    3)反身代词常考——enjy neself / help yurself / dress neself / teach neself;
    4)不定代词smething、everything、anything、nthing——被形容词修饰时,形容词后置;
    5)ther、the ther、thers、the thers——ther、the ther分 别为“其他的”、“其余的”的意思,后面跟名
    词,thers、 the thers分别为“其他人/东西”、“其余的人/东西”,已经是名词。有the,说明是在一定范
    围内。
    解题步骤
    Step 1 第一句话→动词→判断时态→为做题时选动词找依据
    Step 2 以句为单位→找提示词 →确定考点
    Step3 代入答案→核实准确性
    Passage 1
    (2023·广东)
    David is a 15-year-ld by and he is crazy abut space. He always wnders hw space statins wrk. Fr him, a space camp is ____6____ than any ther camp in the wrld.
    At the age f seven, David had ____7____ first astrnaut (宇航员) training experience. He and his parents ____8____ t a Family Space Camp. They had a taste f what it was like t travel ____9____ space. Everything was magical. ____10____ excited David was!
    David has been t many space camps ver the last eight years. Last mnth, he went t ____11____ new space camp. It had a lt f fun training prgrams, ____12____ he enjyed all f them. There he was ften asked ____13____ he liked space camps s much. “I feel like a real astrnaut in the space camp, and I dn’t even need ____14____ the earth,” he said.
    These experiences have influenced his life. Nw David ____15____ space science. He has made up his mind t be a space engineer in the future.
    6. A. greatB. greaterC. the greatest
    7. A. heB. himC. his
    8. A. invitedB. are invitedC. were invited
    9 A. nB. inC. fr
    10. A. HwB. WhatC. What an
    11. A. aB. anC. the
    12. A. rB. butC. and
    13. A. whyB. whenC. where
    14. A. leaveB. leavingC. t leave
    15. A. studyB. is studyingC. was studying
    【答案】6. B 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. A 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. B
    【解析】本文讲述了15岁男孩大卫对太空营以及空间科学的热爱。
    6.句意:对他来说,太空营比世界上任何其他野营都好。
    great极好的,形容词原级;greater比较级;the greatest最高级。根据“than any ther camp”可知,than前用比较级。故选B。
    7.句意:七岁时,大卫有了他的第一次宇航员训练经历。
    he他,人称代词主格;him他,人称代词宾格;his他的,形容词性/名词性物主代词。修饰名词“experience”用形容词性物主代词,表示“他的”经历。故选C。
    8.句意:他和他的父母被邀请参加一个家庭太空营。
    invited邀请,过去式/过去分词;are invited一般现在时的被动语态;were invited一般过去时的被动语态。根据“At the age f seven”可知,时态为一般过去时,他和父母是被邀请去参加太空营的,用被动语态。故选C。
    9.句意:他们尝到了在太空旅行的滋味。
    n在……上;in在……里面;fr为了。(travel) in space“在太空(旅行)”,固定短语。故选B。
    10.句意:大卫多么激动啊!
    Hw多么,修饰形容词/副词;What多么,修饰名词;What an多么,修饰可数名词单数。感叹句中心词是形容词“excited”,用hw引导。故选A。
    11.句意:上个月,他去了一个新的太空营。
    a一个,后接辅音音素开头的词;an一个,后接元音音素开头的词;the这/那个,特指。泛指一个新的太空营,且new以辅音音素开头,用a。故选A。
    12.句意:那里有很多有趣的训练项目,他很喜欢。
    r或者;but但是;and和,并且。前后句是顺承关系,用and连接。故选C。
    13.句意:在那里,他经常被问到为什么他如此喜欢太空营。
    why为什么;when什么时候;where在哪里。根据“I feel like a real astrnaut in the space camp”可知,人们问他为什么喜欢太空营。故选A。
    14.句意:在太空营里,我感觉自己就像一个真正的宇航员,我甚至不需要离开地球。
    leave离开,动词原形;leaving现在分词/动名词;t leave动词不定式。根据“dn’t”可知,此处need是实义动词,后接动词不定式作宾语。故选C。
    15.句意:现在大卫正在学习空间科学。
    study学习,动词原形;is studying现在进行时;was studying过去进行时。根据“Nw”可知,表示现阶段他正在学习空间科学,用现在进行时。故选B。
    Passage 2
    (2023·西安)
    Dear Helen Keller,
    My name is Amelia Grant. I live in a small city. There, my father has an il factry. At the age f eight, smething terrible happened while I ___1___ playing near an il well. It made me lse mst f my hearing.
    A lt has changed fr me ___2___ then. Fr ne thing, I cannt hear music like befre. I used t lve listening t my mther sing sngs. When I first lst my hearing, I was sad that I ___3___ never again hear my mther sing. But nw I put my ear t her chest ___4___ the vibratins(震动)f her vice. Nw, I feel music instead f hearing it.
    Als, I have t g t ___5___ different schl in anther city—Texas Schl fr the Deaf. It is ver 300 kilmeters away frm my hmetwn. The teachers there are kind, ___6___ I can nly see my parents during hlidays. I miss them very much.
    During ___7___ last winter hliday, my daddy gave me a bk yu wrte, The Stry f My Life. Frm it, I learned a lt abut yu. When yu first became deaf and blind, yu had a hard time shwing peple ___8___ . Because f this, yu wuld smetimes get mad and make ___9___ nises. Nw I knw yur feelings and I ___10___ by yur bk. I’m ging t write t yu in a few days t tell yu mre.
    Yurs,
    Amelia Grant
    1. A. isB. areC. wereD. was
    2. A. sinceB. atC. untilD. by
    3. A. canB. culdC. have tD. had t
    4. A. feelB. t feelC. hearD. t hear
    5. A. aB. anC. theD. /
    6. A. becauseB. ifC. butD. r
    7. A. weB. usC. urD. urs
    8. A. what d yu wantB. what yu wantC. what did yu wantD. what yu wanted
    9 A. ludestB. mst ludlyC. ludD. ludly
    10. A. am encuragedB. will be encuragedC. encurageD. will encurage
    【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. C 8. D 9. C 10. A
    【解析】本文是Amelia写给Helen的一封信,讲述了自己刚开始失去听力时很难过,后来上了一所聋哑学校,老师很善良,但是不能经常见到父母。在寒假的时候,看到了Helen的书而受到了鼓励。
    1,句意:八岁的时候,当我在油井附近玩耍时,发生了一件可怕的事情。
    is主语是单数形式;are主语是第二人称yu和复数形式;were主语是第二人称yu和复数形式,过去式;was主语是单数形式,过去式。根据“happened”及“playing”可知,此处是过去进行时,主语I是第一人称,助动词用was,故选D。
    2.句意:从那以后,我改变了很多。
    since自从;at在;until直到;by通过。since then“自从那时起”,与现在完成时连用,故选A。
    3.句意:当我第一次失去听力时,我很伤心,因为我再也听不到妈妈唱歌了。
    can能够;culd可以;have t不得不;had t不得不,过去式。根据“I was sad that I… never again hear my mther sing”可知,不可以再听到妈妈唱歌了,描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,故选B。
    4.句意:但现在我把耳朵贴在她的胸前,感受她声音的震动。
    feel感觉,动词原形;t feel感觉,动词不定式;hear听见,动词原形;t hear听见,动词不定式。根据“I put my ear t her chest … the vibratins(震动)f her vice”可知,把耳朵贴在胸前的目的是为了感受妈妈的声音震动,故选B。
    5.句意:另外,我还得去另一个城市的另一所学校——德克萨斯聋人学校。
    a一个,用于以辅音音素开头的单词;an一个,用于以元音音素开头的单词;the这个/那个;/不填。此处表示泛指,且different是以辅音音素开头的,故选A。
    6.句意:那里的老师很好,但是我只能在假期里见到我的父母。
    because因为;if如果;but但是;r或者。空格前后是转折关系,用but连接,故选C。
    7.句意:上个寒假,爸爸给了我一本你写的书The Stry f My Life。
    we我们,主格;us我们,宾格;ur我们的,形容词性物主代词;urs我们的,名词性物主代词。此空修饰名词“winter hliday”,应填形容词性物主代词,故选C。
    8.句意:当你第一次变得又聋又瞎的时候,你很难向人们展示你想要的东西。
    what d yu want疑问语序;what yu want陈述语序,一般现在时;what did yu want疑问语序,一般过去时;what yu wanted陈述语序,一般过去时。此处是宾语从句,用陈述语序。根据had可知,从句也用一般过去时,故选D。
    9.句意:正因为如此,你有时会生气,发出很大的声音。
    ludest最大声的;mst ludly最大声地;lud大声的;ludly大声地。此空修饰名词nises,应填形容词,无比较之意,故选C。
    10.句意:现在我了解了你的感受,你的书给了我鼓励。
    am encuraged一般现在时被动语态;will be encuraged一般将来时被动语态;encurage动词原形;will encurage一般将来时。根据“by yur bk”可知,此处用被动语态,结合Nw可知,此处用一般现在时被动语态,故选A。
    Passage 3
    (2023-24·广州花都区统考)
    I’ll always remember the first time I tried ballet. My mther was a dancer and I wanted t be like her, but after ___1___ mistakes during my first class, I felt like giving up right away.
    Weeks ___2___ and my dancing didn’t get any better. Then we ___3___ that we were ging t perfrm in a shw. I was scared f falling n my face in frnt f ___4___ peple and disappinting my mm.
    I never learned t dance well ___5___ I practiced hard. Finally, I went t my mm t tell her ___6___ I felt. She simply laughed and tld me she wuld teach me all she knew ___7___ ballet.
    My mm quickly discvered hw bad at ballet I was, but she still taught me with the ___8___ patience, lve and understanding. When I jumped and fell, she was there ___9___ me. When I lst my balance, she held ____10____ up. By the time the shw arrived, I was as prepared as I ____11____ be.
    The music began and my heart started t race. Breathing ____12____, I began mving t the music withut missing a step. When ____13____ music stpped, I ran ff the stage and laughed in excitement.
    My mm fund me ____14____ gave me a huge hug, telling me hw prud she was. I lked my mm in the eye and tld her that this culd nt have happened withut her.
    MOM is the persn ____15____ will always be there t catch yu if yu fall. That’s what I realized thrugh this.
    1. A. t makeB. makingC. makeD. made
    2. A. passB. t passC. passingD. passed
    3. A. tldB. was tldC. were tldD. were telling
    4. A. hundredB. hundredsC. hundred fD. hundreds f
    5. A. whenB. thughC. ifD. because
    6. A. hwB. whereC. whenD. that
    7. A. withB. frmC. abutD. int
    8. A. greatestB. greaterC. greatD. greatly
    9. A. catchB. caughtC. catchingD. t catch
    10. A. IB. myC. meD. mine
    11. A. culdB. wuldC. ughtD. might
    12. A. calmB. calmlyC. calmnessD. calming
    13. A. aB. anC. theD. /
    14. A. andB. butC. sD. r
    15. A. whatB. whC. whichD. why
    【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B
    【解析】本文讲述作者在妈妈的关爱和帮助下学芭蕾舞的经历,是妈妈在背后的帮助,作者才取得了演出的成功。
    1.句意:我的母亲是一名舞蹈演员,我也想像她一样,但是在我第一次上课的时候犯了一些错误之后,我觉得我应该马上放弃。
    t make不定式形式;making动名词形式;make动词原形;made动词过去分词,过去式。因为前面有介词“after”,所以,这里用动名词形式。故选B。
    2.句意:几个星期过去了,我的舞没有任何好转。
    pass过去,动词原形;t pass不定式形式;passing动名词形式;passed动词的过去式。分析句子,这里需要动词作谓语;根据语境,时态为一般过去时,所以谓语动词要用过去式。故选D。
    3.句意:然后,我们被告知,我们将要去一场演出中表演。
    tld告诉,过去式;was tld被告诉,被动语态;were tld被告诉,被动语态;were telling正在告诉,过去进行时。结合选项,并分析句子可知,谓语为“告诉”,且与主语“we”之间为动宾关系,所以语态用被动语态,所以谓语用be dne形式;因为主语we为复数,所以be动词用were。故选C。
    4.句意:我害怕在数百人面前丢脸,害怕让我妈妈失望。
    hundred百;hundreds f数以百计的。关于hundred的两种用法:前面有具体数字,后面不加s;前面没有数字,后面有f,后面要加s。观察句子,前面没有数字,所以用短语hundreds f。故选D。
    5.句意:虽然我很刻苦地练习,但是我从来没有学好跳舞。
    when当……时候,接时间状语;thugh虽然,接让步状语;if如果,接条件状语;because因为,接原因状语。观察句子,“I practiced hard”作让步状语,所以用thugh。故选B。
    6.句意:最终,我去找我的妈妈,告诉她我的感受。
    hw在宾语从句作方式状语;where在宾语从句作地点状语;when在宾语从句作时间状语;that在宾语从句中不作成分。观察句子,后面的句子作前面谓语动词tell的宾语;引导词在从句中作方式状语,所以引导词用hw。故选A。
    7.句意:她只是笑了笑,告诉我她会教我她所了解的关于芭蕾舞的一切。
    with和;frm来自;abut关于;int进去。knw abut了解,为固定搭配。故选C。
    8.句意:我妈妈很快发现我的芭蕾舞跳得有多糟糕,但她仍然用最大的耐心、爱和理解教我。
    greatest最大的,最好的,为形容词最高级;greater更大的,更好的,为形容词比较级;great好的,为形容词原级,greatly好地,为副词。观察句子,此处需要形容词修饰名词“patience, lve and understanding”;结合语境,此处用最高级。故选A。
    9.句意:当我跳起来并又跌倒的时候,她在那里接住了我。
    catch抓住,接住,为动词原形;caught为过去式和过去分词;catching为动名词形式;t catch为不定式形式。分析句子,“catch me”为“She was there”的目的状语,所以,不定式表目的。故选D。
    10.句意:当我失去平衡的时候,她把我扶起来。
    I我,人称代词的主格形式;my我的,形容词性物主代词;me我,人称代词的宾格形式;mine我的。名词性物主代词。分析句子,此处作宾语,所以用宾格。故选C。
    11.句意:演出开始的时候,我已经做好了充分的准备。
    culd能够,可以;wuld将要;ught应该;might可能。根据语境,此处表达:我在自己能力内尽可能准备好了,所以用表能力的culd。故选A。
    12.句意:我平静地呼吸着,开始随着音乐一步不停地移动。
    calm平静的,形容词;calmly平静地,副词;calmness平静,名词;calming现在分词。分析句子,副词修饰动词“呼吸”,所以选副词。故选B。
    13.句意:当音乐停止的时候,我跑下舞台,激动地笑了。
    a一个,不定冠词,表泛指,后接辅音音素开头的单词;an一个,不定冠词,表泛指,后接元音音素开头的单词;the定冠词,表特指。根据前文“I began mving t the music withut missing a step”可知,这里的music特指的前面的music,所以选定冠词。故选C。
    14.句意:我的妈妈找到了我,并且给了我一个大大的拥抱,告诉我她多么骄傲。
    and表并列;but表转折;s表结果;r否则,或者。分析句子,前面的“fund me”和后面的“gave me a huge hug”两个动作是并列的。故选A。
    15.句意:妈妈是那个在你跌倒的时候会一直在你身边接住你的人。
    what不能作定语从句的关系词;wh在定语从句中作主语和宾语,表人;which在定语从句中作主语和宾语,表物;why在定语从句中作原因状语。分析句子,后面为persn的定语从句;先行词为人;关系词在定语从句中作主语。综上,选wh。故选B。
    Passage 4
    (2023-24·广东佛山南海区期末)
    Hi! I’m the Beijing-Zhangjiaku railway. I am ne f the wnders f China. I was brn ___1___ 1909. I’m 114 years ld nw. The ne wh made me was Zhan Tianyu. He was ___2___ brave and smart man. He believed China shuld build its wn railways withut ther ___3___ help. S he built me, China’s first self-built railway.
    At first, my trains used steam (蒸汽). They were very slw. ___4___ tp speed was nly 35 km/hur. Then, the trains started t use diesel (柴油). Later, electricity ___5___ by better trains. But it still tk mre than three hurs ___6___ frm Beijing t Zhangjiaku, Hebei. In 2020, the new high-speed railway pened n Dec. 30. It helped peple travel much ___7___ than befre at a speed f 350 km/hur! It nly tk 47 minutes frm Beijing t Zhangjiaku. I was s ___8___.
    During the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, the tw hst cities, Beijing and Zhangjiaku ___9___ lts f peple frm arund the wrld. The railway played an imprtant rle. I’m t ld t keep wrking these days, and peple will keep me as part f histry. It’s a little sad. ____10____ I’m still prud f all the changes China has made. Zhan Tianyu must be prud t.
    1. A. duringB. inC. frm
    2. A. aB. theC. \
    3. A. cuntryB. cuntriesC. cuntries’
    4. A. TheyB. TheirC. Theirs
    5. A. usedB. is usedC. was used
    6. A. travelB. t travelC. traveling
    7. A. fastB. fasterC. the fastest
    8. A. excitedB. excitingC. excitingly
    9. A. have welcmedB. welcmedC. welcme
    10. A. SB. OrC. But
    【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. C
    【解析】
    【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,讲了一条北京到张家口的铁路,详细地介绍了它的历史和变化。
    1.句意:我出生于1909年。
    during在……期间;in在(一段时间)之内;frm来自。in后面接年。故选B。
    2.句意:他是一位勇敢的、聪明的男士。
    a不定冠词,表示数量;the定冠词,表示特指;/零冠词。此处表示“一位”,用不定冠词a。故选A。
    3.句意:他相信中国应该建造自己的铁路没有其他国家的帮助。
    cuntry国家;cuntries国家,复数形式;cuntries’国家的。help为名词,前面用所有格形式。故选C。
    4.句意:它们的最快速度只有35千米每小时。
    They它们;Their它们的;Theirs它们的。根据前文“They were very slw.”可知,此处代指蒸汽火车,且横线后有名词,用Their。故选B。
    5.句意:随后,电力被更先进的火车使用。
    used使用,过去式;is used现在被使用;was used过去被使用。electricity应该是被使用,全文为一般过去式。故选C。
    6.句意:但是它仍然超过三小时从北京到张家口。
    travel旅行,动词原形;t travel动词不定式;traveling动名词。It takes+时间+t d sth表示“做某事花费多长时间”。故选B。
    7.句意:它以时速350千米,帮助人们更快地出行。
    fast快地,副词原形;faster更快地,副词比较级;the fastest最快地,副词最高级。根据than可知,此处用比较级。故选B。
    6.句意:我是如此地兴奋。
    excited感到兴奋的;exciting令人兴奋的;excitingly兴奋地。此篇文章用了拟人的手法,此处用excited形容I。故选A。
    9.句意:……北京和张家口迎接了世界各地的人们。
    have welcmed已经迎接;现在完成时;welcmed迎接,一般过去时;welcme迎接,一般现在时。根据句中“During the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics”可知,是过去发生事,用一般过去时。故选B。
    10.句意:但是,我仍然为中国所有的变化感到骄傲。
    S因此;Or或者;But但是。根据前文“It’s a little sad.”可知,前后两句存在转折关系。故选C。
    Passage 5
    (2023-24·广东东莞期末)
    The traditinal Chinese slar calendar divides the year ___1___ 24 slar terms. Majr Snw, the 21st slar term f the year, begins this year n Dec. 7 and ends n Dec. 21. During Majr Snw, the snw becmes heavy and begins t accumulate n the grund. The temperature drps ___2___.
    Here are several things ___3___ yu shuld knw abut Majr Snw. First, the heavy snw in Nrth China may ___4___ a whle day, breaking tree branches and blcking the rad. In the suth, snwflakes fall and the wrld ___5___ white. There is ___6___ prverb abut the snw says, “A timely snw prmises a gd harvest”. The snw cvers the grund, which destrys ___7___ huses. Secnd, Winter sweet usually blssms in mid-t-late December in sme suthern cities f China. Smetimes it even blms ___8___. Winter sweet riginated in China. With pine and bamb, it is referred t as ne f the Three Friends f Winter. Third, Lamb as the main fd ___9___ by Chinese peple during Majr Snw. It is excellent fr nurishing the bdy, prmting bld circulatin and prviding prtectin against the cld. Peple in Chngqing like t have ptted lamb sup r stewed lamb sup with ____10____ families and friends.
    1. A. withB. intC. by
    2. A. significantB. significantlyC. significance
    3. A. whB. thatC. whm
    4. A. lastB. t lastC. lasting
    5. A. turnB. turnedC. turns
    6. A. aB. anC. the
    7. A. pestB. pest’sC. pests’
    8. A. earlyB. earlierC. earliest
    9. A. chseB. is chsenC. are chsen
    10. A. theyB. theirC. them
    【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. B
    【解析】本文主要介绍了24节气之一“大雪”的一些事情。
    1.句意:中国传统的阳历将一年分为24个节气。
    with和;int进入;by通过。divide ... int“把……分成”,固定短语。故选B。
    2.句意:气温明显下降。
    significant显著的,形容词;significantly副词;significance名词。此处修饰动词drps,应用副词。故选B。
    3.句意:以下是关于大雪你应该知道的几件事。
    wh指人,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语;that指人或物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语;whm指人,在定语从句中作宾语。根据“Here are several things”可知,先行词是物,用that引导定语从句。故选B。
    4.句意:首先,中国北方地区的大雪可能会持续一整天,压断树枝,阻塞道路。
    last持续,动词原形;t last动词不定式;lasting动名词或现在分词。may是情态动词,后跟动词原形。故选A。
    5.句意:在南方,雪花飘落,世界变成了白色。
    turn变成,动词原形;turned动词过去式或过去分词;turns动词三单。根据“snwflakes fall”可知,时态是一般现在时,主语是三单the wrld,谓语动词用三单。故选C。
    6.句意:有一句关于雪的谚语说,“瑞雪兆丰年”。
    a一,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an表泛指,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the表特指。根据“prverb”可知,此处表示一句谚语,且prverb是辅音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词a表示。故选A。
    7.句意:雪覆盖了地面,破坏了害虫的家。
    pest害虫,名词单数;pest’s单数名词所有格;pests’复数名词的所有格。根据“huses.”可知,此处修饰名词,用名词所有格形式,且应用复数形式。故选C。
    6.句意:有时它甚至开得更早。
    early早地,原级;earlier比较级;earliest最高级。根据“even”可知,后跟比较级。故选B。
    9.句意:第三,中国人在大雪期间选择羊肉作为主食。
    chse选择,动词原形;is chsen一般现在时的被动语态,主语是单数;are chsen一般现在时的被动语态,主语是复数。根据“Lamb as the main fd ... by Chinese peple”可知,此处是用被动语态be dne,主语Lamb是单数,因此be用is。故选B。
    10.句意:重庆人喜欢与家人和朋友一起喝羊肉煲或炖羊肉汤。
    they他们,主格;their他们的,形容词性物主代词;them宾格。根据“families and friends.”可知,修饰名词,用形容词性物主代词。故选B。
    Passage 6
    (2023-24·广东河源期末)
    There nce was a little by wh wanted t meet an angel. He knew it was difficult t find an angel, s he ____1____ all his things ready and started it ff.
    He walked alng the streets, and then he came t a park. He saw an ld wman sitting there and watching sme ____2____. She lked very hungry. The by ffered her sme fd. She accepted it and smiled at him. The smile was s pretty that he wanted ____3____ it again, s he ffered her sme mre fd. Once again she smiled at him. The by was pleased.
    They sat there all the afternn, eating and smiling, ____4____ they said nthing. As it grew dark, the by gt up t leave. But after he went a few steps, he turned arund, ran back t the ld wman and gave ____5____ a hug. The wman gave him her biggest smile ever.
    When the by came back hme, his mther ____6____ by the lk f jy n his face, and she asked ____7____ made him s happy. “I had lunch with an angel. She has gt the mst beautiful smile in the wrld.” ____8____ the same time, the ld wman’s sn als nticed his mther’s pleasure and asked why.
    “I ate sme nice fd in the park with an angel,” she said, “and he is much ____9____ than I expected.”
    Angels are everywhere. We just need t share ur ____10____ and smile at thers t meet them.
    1.A. gtB. getsC. will get
    2.A. birdB. bird’sC. birds
    3.A. seeB. t seeC. seeing
    4.A. butB. sC. r
    5.A. hersB. herC. she
    6.A. surprisesB. surprisedC. was surprised
    7.A. whenB. whatC. hw
    8.A. OfB. TC. At
    9.A. niceB. nicerC. nicest
    10.A. kindnessB. kindlyC. kind
    【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. A
    【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述的是小男孩和老妇人都以为看到天使的故事。
    1.句意:他知道找到天使是困难的,所以他准备好他的所有东西并且开始动身。
    gt得到,动词过去式;gets动词三单;will get将来时。由“He knew”可知故事发生在过去,应该用一般过去时。故选A。
    2.句意:他看见一个老妇人坐在这里并且正在看一些鸟儿。
    bird鸟,名词单数;bird’s鸟的,名词所有格;birds鸟,名词复数。由“sme”可知后面应该跟bird的复数形式birds。故选C。
    3.句意:这个笑容如此的美丽以致于他想要再看一次,所以他给了她更多的食物。
    see看见,动词原形;t see动词不定式;seeing动名词。want t d sth.“想要做某事”,是固定短语。故选B。
    4.句意:他们整个下午坐在那儿,吃东西,欢笑,但是他们什么都没有说。
    but但是;s所以;r否则。根据“They sat there all the afternn, eating and smiling,…they said nthing.”可知前后是转折关系。故选A。
    5.句意:但是在他走了几步后,他转身跑向老妇人并且给了她一个拥抱。
    hers她的,名词性物主代词;her她,宾格;she她,主格。give是动词后面跟宾格。故选B。
    6.句意:当小男孩回到家,他的妈妈被他脸上高兴的表情所惊讶,并且她问是什么使他如此开心。
    surprises使惊讶,动词三单;surprised过去式;was surprised被动语态。根据“by the lk f jy n his face”可知他的妈妈被他脸上高兴的表情所惊讶,应该用被动语态,又因为故事发生在过去,所以用was/were+dne。故选C。
    7.句意:当小男孩回到家,他的妈妈被他脸上高兴的表情所惊讶,并且她问是什么使他如此开心。
    when何时;what什么;hw如何。根据“…made him s happy.”可知妈妈在问什么使他如此的开心。故选B。
    8.句意:同时,老妇人的儿子也注意到他妈妈的开心并且询问为什么。
    Of……的;T到;At在。at the same time“同时”,是固定短语。故选C。
    9.句意:他比我想象中要好得多
    nice好的,原级;nicer比较级;nicest最高级。根据“than I expected.”可知此处要用比较级,nice的比较级nicer。故选B。
    10.句意:我们只需要对其他人分享我们的善意和微笑来遇见它们。
    kindness善良;kindly友好地;kind友好的。根据“share ur…and smile”可知此处应是分享我们的善意和微笑。故选A。
    Passage 7
    (2023-24·广东梅州期末)
    When talking abut live-streaming (网络直播), yu might think f singers r mvie stars. But Zeng Qinghuan, a village girl ___1___ cmes frm Ludi (娄底市), Hunan Prvince, has turned her whle village int a live-streaming rm. She uses live-streaming t help the villagers live a better life.
    Zeng used ___2___ and wrk in big cities. She returned t her village t care ___3___ her grandmther a few years ag. Later, she fund ___4___ her village was a gd place fr her t build a career (事业). “I’m a daughter f the great muntains. I ___5___ play a part in making them better, ” Zeng said. S she started live-streaming.
    Zeng is knwn as “Xiangmei Xinba” n Duyin (抖音). She nw has mre than 3 millin fllwers ___6___ almst 40 millin likes. During the past few years, she ___7___ abut 370 shrt vides nline, shwing the culture and life f peple in her village. Als, thrugh live-streaming, she has helped lcal villagers sell ___8___ agricultural prducts (农业产品).
    Zeng hpes her experience can encurage mre yung peple t return t their hmetwns and make ___9___ difference. Zeng plans t help find mre live streaming hsts in Ludi in the near future. “I hpe each village will have ne prduct and ne live streaming hst f ___10___ wn, ” Zeng said.
    1.A. whseB. whmC. wh
    2.A. t studyB. studyingC. studied
    3.A. afterB. atC. fr
    4.A. whatB. thatC. hw
    5.A. mustn’tB. shuldn’tC. shuld
    6.A. butB. andC. r
    7.A. putsB. will putC. has put
    8.A. plenty fB. a ltC. a little
    9.A. aB. anC. the
    10.A. itB. itsC. it’s
    【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. A 10. B
    【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了湖南娄底人曾庆欢大学毕业后回到村庄,把自己的村子变成了一个直播间,帮助村民过上更好的生活的故事。
    1.句意:但是来自湖南省娄底市的女孩曾庆欢,已经把她的整个村庄变成了一个直播间。
    whse谁的;whm谁(宾格代词);wh谁(主格代词)。根据“a village frm Ludi”可知,此空填关系代词引导定语从句修饰表示人的先行词,且在从句中作主语。故选C。
    2.句意:曾庆欢曾经在大城市学习和工作。
    t study学习(不定式);studying现在分词/动名词;studied过去分词/过去式。根据“Zeng wrk in big cities.”可知,曾庆欢曾经在大城市学习和工作;used t d sth“过去常常做某事”。故选A。
    3.句意:几年前,她回到自己的村庄照顾她的祖母。
    after在……之后;at在;fr为了。根据“She returned t her village t grandmther a few years ag.”可知,几年前,她回到自己的村庄的目的是照顾她的祖母;care fr“照顾”。故选C。
    4.句意:后来,她发现自己的村庄是她发展事业的好地方。
    what什么;that关系代词(引导宾语从句,无具体含义,只起连接作用);hw怎样。根据“she village was a gd place fr her t build a career.”可知,此空填关系代词引导宾语从句,且在从句中无具体含义,只起连接作用。故选B。
    5.句意:我应该为让大山变得更好而发挥作用。
    mustn’t禁止;shuldn’t不应该;shuld应该。根据“I’m a daughter f the great muntains.”可知,她是大山的女儿,因此她应该为大山变得更好而发挥作用。故选C。
    6.句意:她现在拥有300多万粉丝和近4000万点赞。
    but但是;and和;r或者。“300多万粉丝”和“近4000万点赞”之间是并列关系。故选B。
    7.句意:在过去的几年里,她在网上发布了大约370个短视频,展示了村里人们的文化和生活。
    puts发布,放置(一般现在时);will put一般将来时;has put现在完成时。根据“During the past few years”可知,在过去的几年里,也就是从过去持续到现在,因此用现在完成时。故选C。
    6.句意:此外,通过直播,她帮助当地村民销售了大量农产品。
    plenty f许多,大量(修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词);a lt很多,许多(一般作副词短语);a little少许,一点儿。根据“Als, thrugh live-streaming, she has helped lcal villagers prducts”可知,通过直播,她帮助当地村民销售了大量农产品;此空修饰后面的可数名词复数。故选A。
    9.句意:曾希望她的经历能激励更多的年轻人回到家乡,有所作为。
    a不定冠词(用于以辅音音素开头的词前);an不定冠词(用于以元音音素开头的词前);the定冠词(一般表特指)。make a difference“起(重要)作用;有影响”是固定用法。故选A。
    10.句意:我希望每个村庄都有自己的产品和直播主播。
    it它;its它的;it’s它是。f ne’s wn“属于某人自己的”;根据“each village”可知,此空是指“每个村庄自己的”,用形容词性物主代词its代替。故选B。
    Passage 8
    (2023-24·广东汕头期末)
    D yu knw Ding Ning? She was a Chinese table tennis player in ___6___ past. In September 2021, Ding annunced her retirement (宣布退役) and then ___7___ a new life as a student at Peking University.
    As a table tennis player, Ding wanted t study, see the wrld and learn smething new. While playing table tennis in ther cuntries, she didn’t have enugh time ___8___ new cultures. These trips were shrt, and Ding usually saw n mre than sprts centers, htels ___9___ supermarkets. She wanted t see mre.
    When Ding Ning talked ___10___ her university life, she seemed a little nervus. She saw it as a challenge. “If yu keep n studying fr a lng time and are suddenly asked t play table tennis, what will yu d? Yu may have curage and passin (热情), but yu still can’t imagine a player’s life.”
    This sudden change is nly part f ___11___ challenges. Her fame is anther challenge. On the ne hand, it brings her mre ___12___. Hwever, n the ther hand, she gets mre attentin and higher expectatins (期待) frm ___13___ peple.
    Ding ften says there are always ___14___ methds than prblems. She hpes that her decisin f ging back t university will encurage mre players t d what they like. Once, she wrked hard t play table tennis. Nw, she tries her ___15___ t be a great persn with a gd future.
    6.A. aB. anC. the
    7.A. startB. startedC. have started
    8.A. experienceB. experiencedC. t experience
    9.A. asB. andC. but
    10.A. frmB. abutC. with
    11.A. sheB. hersC. her
    12.A. helpB. helpsC. helpful
    13.A. therB. thersC. the thers
    14.A. manyB. muchC. mre
    15.A. wellB. betterC. best
    【答案】6. C 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. A 14. C 15. C
    【解析】本文主要介绍了中国乒乓球运动员丁宁。
    6.句意:她过去是中国乒乓球运动员。
    a不定冠词表泛指,用于辅音音素前;an不定冠词表泛指,用于元音音素前;the表示特指。in the past“过去”,为固定短语,故选C。
    7.句意:2021年9月,她宣布退役,然后开始了北京大学学生的新生活。
    start开始,动词原形;started动词不定式/过去分词;have started现在完成时。根据“annunced”可知,本句是一般过去时,动词用过去式。故选B。
    6.句意:在其他国家打乒乓球的时候,她没有足够的时间去体验新的文化。
    experience体验,动词原形;experienced动词过去式/过去分词;t experience动词不定式。have enugh time t d sth“有足够的时间做某事”,固定短语。故选C。
    9.句意:这些旅行时间很短,她通常只看到体育中心、酒店和超市。
    as随着;and和;but但是。根据“sprts centers, ”可知,这是几个并列名词,应用and连接,故选B。
    10.句意:当丁宁谈到她的大学生活时,她似乎有点紧张。
    frm从;abut关于;with和。talk abut sth“谈论某事”,是固定短语。故选B。
    11.句意:这种突然的变化只是她面临的挑战的一部分。
    she她,主格;hers她的,名词性物主代词;her她的,形容词性物主代词/她,宾格。空后是名词,应用形容词性物主代词her修饰,故选C。
    12.句意:一方面,这给她带来了更多的帮助。
    help帮助,动词原形或名词;helps帮助,动词三单;helpful有帮助的。mre表示“更多的”,修饰名词help。故选A。
    13.句意:然而,另一方面,她从别人那里得到了更多的关注和更高的期望。
    ther其他的,后常加名词复数;thers其他人/物;the thers特指剩余的全部。空后是名词peple,应用ther修饰peple,表示“其他人”,故选A。
    14.句意:丁常说,方法总是比问题多。
    many许多,修饰可数名词;much许多,修饰不可数名词;mre更多。根据“than”可知,应用比较级mre,故选C。
    15.句意:现在,她尽她最大的努力成为一个有美好未来的伟大的人。
    well好,副词;better更好;best最好。try ne’s best“尽某人最大的努力”,为固定短语,故选C。
    Passage 9
    (2023-24·广东中山期末)
    It was still cld fr an early spring day in Japan. Sam, the wner f the website Lve fr Panda, shwed up ___1___ a snwy mrning at the gate f the z as usual. Fr Sam, it was ____2____ gd day t take pictures because large pandas lved snw. And als, there were fewer visitrs when the weather was bad.
    Sam ___3___ as “Mr. Panda” fr his lve f the animal nw. Fr nearly 12 years, the 44 year ld website designer has been visiting the z almst daily ____4____ panda phts. When returning hme frm the z, Sam always chses abut 200 ____5____ and puts them n the website.
    One day, in rder t phtgraph the panda Xiang Xiang, Sam ____6____ ver seven hurs waiting in the cld. In the eyes f “Mr. Panda”, Xiang Xiang was wrth the wait, ___7___ the visit lasted nly tw r three minutes. When peple asked him ____8____ he liked Xiang Xiang s much, he said, “Xiang Xiang is a daughter-like figure as she shares the same age with my daughter.”
    Thrugh phtgraphing large pandas, Sam has made many friends and becme ____9____ than befre. “I have learned mre abut China because f pandas. They have given ____10____ a lt f happiness here in Japan. As lng as there are large pandas in the z, I will cntinue t take phts f them and share the jy with mre peple,”said Sam.
    1.A. inB. frC. nD. at
    2.A. aB. anC. theD. /
    3.A. knwsB. knewC. is knwnD. was knwn
    4.A. takeB. takenC. takingD. t take
    5.A. pictureB. picturesC. picture’sD. pictures’
    6.A. spendsB. spentC. has spentD. will spend
    7.A. butB. rC. becauseD. althugh
    8.A. whyB. whatC. whenD. where
    9.A. healthyB. healthierC. the healthierD. the healthiest
    10.A. weB. usC. urD. urs
    【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. B
    【解析】本文主要讲述了山姆作为一个熊猫爱好者,在他的网站上,他总是会上传他拍摄的熊猫的照片,他希望通过他的行动,让更多的人了解熊猫,并分享快乐。
    1.句意:“爱熊猫”网站的老板山姆在一个下雪的早晨像往常一样出现在动物园门口。
    in后接某年某月某季节;fr后接一段时间;n后接具体一天;at后接具体时刻。根据“a snwy mrning”可知,这是具体的一天,介词用n,故选C。
    2.句意:对山姆来说,这是一个拍照的好日子,因为大熊猫喜欢雪。
    a一个,用于辅音音素开头前;an一个,用于元音音素开头前;the这个/那个;/不填。此处表示泛指,且gd是以辅音音素开头的,故选A。
    3.句意:山姆现在被称为“熊猫先生”,因为他对动物的热爱。
    knws动词三单;knew动词过去式;is knwn一般现在时被动语态;was knwn一般过去时被动语态。根据nw可知,此句是一般现在时,be knwn as“被认为是”,故选C。
    4.句意:近12年来,这位44岁的网站设计师几乎每天都去动物园拍摄熊猫照片。
    take动词原形;taken动词过去分词;taking动名词;t take动词不定式。根据“visiting the z almst daily … panda phts”可知,去动物园的目的是为了给熊猫拍照,动词不定式作目的状语,故选D。
    5.句意:从动物园回家后,山姆总是挑选大约200张照片放在网站上。
    picture照片,单数形式;pictures照片,复数形式;picture’s照片的;pictures’照片的。根据200可知,此空应填复数形式,故选B。
    6.句意:山姆在寒冷中等了七个多小时。
    spends动词三单;spent动词过去式;has spent现在完成时;will spend一般将来时。根据One day可知,此句是一般过去时,动词用过去式,故选B。
    7.句意:尽管参观只持续两三分钟。
    but但是;r或者;because因为;althugh尽管。空格前后是让步关系,用althugh引导让步状语从句,故选D。
    6.句意:当人们问他为什么这么喜欢香香时。
    why为什么;what什么;when何时;where在哪里。根据“Xiang Xiang is a daughter-like figure as she shares the same age with my daughter”可知,此处是人们询问他喜欢香香的原因,故选A。
    9.句意:通过拍摄大熊猫,山姆交了很多朋友,也比以前更健康了。
    healthy健康的;healthier更健康的;the healthier更健康的;the healthiest最健康的。根据than可知,此空应填比较级,无需加冠词the,故选B。
    10.句意:他们给了在日本的我们很多快乐。
    we我们,主格;us我们,宾格;ur我们的,形容词性物主代词;urs我们的,名词性物主代词。give是动词,后接宾格,故选B。
    Passage 10
    (2023·广东中山一模)
    Peter’s stry is a gd example fr thse peple wh are in truble. When Peter was a little by, he had difficulty ___1___ because smething was wrng with his muth. ___2___ the age f tw, his family’s huse was burned dwn in a big fire. Peter was hurt ___3___ and his legs needed t be cut. Six years later, his mther died and he had t live n the streets fr years befre he ___4___ t the rphanage (孤儿院).
    In the rphanage, many peple encuraged him t face the difficulty by himself. Later, he began t teach ___5___t play the guitar. He shwed great interest in it. He kept practicing fr sme years. He jined ___6___ music grup and began his perfrmance with sme famus musicians. His grup went t Chicag. There Peter was paid much attentin by many peple wh wndered ___7___ they culd d t help him.
    A hspital ffered him free care and a rich man ___8___ t pay fr his train tickets t and frm his hmetwn. While he was in hspital, Peter began writing music and wanted t recrd his wn album (专辑). At the end f that year, he went t a Chicag club t play his new music ___9___ the strangers and the friends wh had helped him.
    It was amazing that Peter culd cme int gd luck ___10___ he had s many years’ hard time. “We had a saying in my hmetwn. ‘Suffer first, then enjy! I guess that’s abut me,” he said with a happy smile.
    1. A. speakB. spkeC. speakingD. t speak
    2. A. AtB. InC. FrD. With
    3. A. badB. badlyC. wrseD. wrst
    4. A. sentB. has sentC. were sentD. was sent
    5. A. heB. himC. hisD. himself
    6. A. aB. anC. theD. /
    7. A. hwB. whereC. whatD. wh
    8. A. agreesB. agreedC. has agreedD. agree
    9. A. t thankB. thankC. thankingD. t thanking
    10. A. ifB. untilC. afterD. befre
    【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. C
    【解析】本文主要讲述了彼得自幼多灾多难,不仅有语言上的障碍还失去了双腿和父母,然而他凭借自己的努力在音乐中界闯出了一片天的故事。这个故事告诉我们人生要先吃苦才能后享乐。
    1.句意:当彼得还是个小男孩的时候,他说话有困难,因为他的嘴有问题。
    speak动词原形;spke动词过去式;speaking动名词/现在分词;t speak动词不定式。have difficulty ding sth“做某事有困难”,故选C。
    2.句意:两岁时,他家的房子在一场大火中被烧毁。
    At在;In在……中;Fr为了;With和。at the age f...“在……岁时”,故选A。
    3.句意:彼得伤得很重,他的腿需要切除。
    bad坏的;badly坏地;wrse更坏;wrst最坏。hurt badly“受伤严重”,无比较含义,故选B。
    4.句意:六年后,他的母亲去世了,他不得不流落街头多年,然后被送到孤儿院。
    sent一般过去时;has sent现在完成时;were sent一般过去时的被动语态,主语是第二人称或复数;was sent一般过去时的被动语态,主语是第三人称或单数。主语he是动作的承受者,时态是一般过去时,故选D。
    5.句意:后来,他开始自学吉他。
    he他,主格;him他,宾格;his他的,形容词性物主代词;himself他自己,反身代词。teach neself“自学”,故选D。
    6.句意:他加入了一个音乐团体,并开始了与一些著名音乐家的演出。
    a不定冠词表泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词表泛指,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词表特指;/零冠词。此处泛指一个音乐团体,“music”首字母发辅音音素,故选A。
    7.句意:在那里,许多人都很关注彼得,想知道他们能做些什么来帮助他。
    hw如何;where哪里;what什么;wh谁。此处是宾语从句,引导词在从句中作动词的宾语,故选C。
    8.句意:一家医院为他提供免费治疗,一位富人同意为他支付往返家乡的火车票。
    agrees一般现在时,动词三单;agreed一般过去时;has agreed现在完成时;agree一般现在时,动词原形。此处在句中作谓语,时态一般过去时,故选B。
    9.句意:那年年底,他去芝加哥的一个俱乐部演奏他的新音乐,以感谢那些帮助过他的陌生人和朋友。
    t thank动词不定式;thank动词原形;thanking动名词/现在分词;t thanking介词t加动名词。此处在句中作目的状语,用动词不定式,故选A。
    10.句意:彼得在经历了这么多年的困难之后,能有这么好的运气,真是令人惊讶。
    if如果;until直到;after在……之后;befre在……之前。根据“Peter culd cme int gd had s many years’ hard time”可知,彼得在经历了这么多年的困难之后,能有这么好的运气,用after引导时间状语从句,故选C。
    Passage 11
    (2023-24·广州天河区期末)
    There nce lived a bird and her tw babies in a frest. One day, there ____1____ a big strm. A heavy branch fell and killed the mther bird. ____2____ the wind blew the baby birds away and they survived. One f them came dwn near a cave where rbbers (强盗) lived. ____3____ landed utside a wise man’s huse.
    Days passed and the baby birds grew up. One day, a king came t the frest ____4____.
    He saw a deer and rde after it deep int the frest. Sn he lst his way. Very tired, he sat dwn ____5____ a tree. Suddenly, he heard a vice. “Quick! ____6____ is here. Cme and take his gld and hrse. Hurry ____7____ he’ll run away. ” The king was ____8____. He lked up and saw a big, brwn bird. He als heard lw nises ____9____ frm the cave. He rde away as ____10____ as he culd.
    Sn, he came t ____11____ wise man’s huse. He heard a gentle vice, “Welcme, Sir. Please g inside and rest. ” The king lked up and saw anther big, brwn bird.
    Later the wise man came back. The king tld him the stry f the tw birds “They lk s alike, ____12____ they behaved s differently. The frest ____13____ with surprises.” The wise man smiled, “After all, ne is knwn by the cmpany ne keeps. That bird has heard s much talk abut rbbing ____14____ he talks like a rbber nw. This ne has repeated ____15____ he has always heard. He welcmes peple.”
    1.A. isB. areC. wasD. were
    2.A. LuckB. LuckyC. LuckilyD. Mst luckily
    3.A. OtherB. AntherC. OthersD. The ther
    4.A. huntB. t huntC. huntingD. hunted
    5.A. abveB. underC. inD. n
    6.A. SmeneB. EveryneC. AnyneD. N ne
    7.A. andB. sC. rD. unless
    8.A. surprisingB. surprisedC. surpriseD. surprisedly
    9. A. cmeB. cameC. t cmeD. cming
    10. A. quickB. quickerC. quicklyD. mre quickly
    11. A. theB. aC. anD. /
    12. A. afterB. butC. sD. because
    13. A fillsB. filledC. has filledD. is filled
    14. A. thatB. whichC. asD. if
    15. A. whenB. thatC. hwD. what
    【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. D
    【解析】本文介绍了被强盗和智者养大的两只鸟儿说话方式的不同,说明近朱者赤近墨者黑。
    1.句意:一天,有一场大风暴。
    is是,be动词的三单;are是,主语为复数;was是,be的过去式,主语为单数;were是,be的过去式,主语为复数。根据“nce lived”可知,时态为一般过去时;再根据“a big strm”为单数可知,be动词用are。故选C。
    2.句意:幸运的是,风把小鸟宝宝吹走了,它们活了下来。
    Luck运气,名词;Lucky幸运的,形容词;Luckily幸运地,副词;Mst luckily最幸运地,最高级。根据“they survived.”可知,幼鸟能在暴风雨中活下来是幸运的,此处用副词修饰整句。故选C。
    3.句意:另一只降落在了一位智者的房子外面。
    Other其他的;Anther另一个(三者及以上);Others其他人;The ther另一个(两者)。根据“tw babies”和“One f them came dwn near a cave where rbbers (强盗) lived. ”可知,此处指幼鸟中的另一只,ne ... the ther“一个……另一个……”。故选D。
    4.句意:一天,一位国王来到森林打猎。
    hunt打猎,动词原形;t hunt动词不定式;hunting动名词;hunted过去式。根据“One day, a king came t the frest”可知,国王来森林是为了打猎,用不定式表示目的。故选B。
    5.句意:他很累,在一棵树下坐了下来。
    abve在……上面;under在……下面;in在……里面;n在……上面。根据下文“He lked up and saw a big, brwn bird.”可知,国王坐在树下。故选B。
    6.句意:有人在这里。
    Smene有人;Everyne每个人;Anyne任何人;N ne没有人。根据“Cme and take his gld and hrse.”可知,有人在这里。故选A。
    7.句意:快点,不然他会跑掉的。
    and而且;s因此;r否则;unless除非。根据“Hurry ... he’ll run away.”可知,句型为祈使句+and/r+陈述句;前后句意是转折,应用r连接。故选C。
    6.句意:国王很惊讶。
    surprising令人惊讶的;surprised惊讶的;surprise使……吃惊;surprisedly惊讶地。根据“The king was ...”可知,应用形容词作表语,形容人的感受应用-ed结尾的形容词。故选B。
    9.句意:他还听到从洞里正传来低沉的声音。
    cme来,动词原形;came过去式;t cme动词不定式;cming现在分词/动名词。hear sb./sth. ding sth.“听到……正在做某事”,现在分词作宾补。故选D。
    10.句意:他以最快的速度骑马离开了。
    quick快的,形容词;quicker更快的,形容词比较级;quickly快速地,副词;mre quickly更快地,副词比较级。as ... as“和……一样……”,as和as之间用形容词副词原级;再根据“rde away”可知,应用副词修饰。故选C。
    11.句意:不久,他来到了智者的家。
    the定冠词,表示特指;a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前;an用在以元音音素开头的单词前;/零冠词。根据上文“a wise man’s huse”,此处是再次提到智者的家,应用定冠词the。故选A。
    12.句意:它们看起来很像,但行为却截然不同。
    after在……之后;but但是;s因此;because因为。前后句为转折关系,应用转折连词but。故选B。
    13.句意:森林里充满了惊喜。
    fills充满,动词三单式;filled过去式;has filled现在完成时;is filled一般现在时的被动语态。be filled with“充满……”,固定短语。故选D。
    14.句意:那只鸟听了太多关于抢劫的言论,现在说话像强盗一样。
    that放在动词或名词后引导从句,无实义;which哪一个;as作为;if如果。根据“That bird has heard s much talk abut rbbing ... he talks like a rbber nw.”可知,s ... that“如此……以至于……”。故选A。
    15.句意:这只鸟重复了它一直听到的东西。
    when当……时候;that放在动词或名词后引导从句,无实义;hw如何;what什么。根据“he has always heard”可知,缺少宾语,应用what,表示“它所听到的”。故选D。
    Passage 12
    (2023-24·广州番禺区统考)
    Butterfly tld the ld Tree, “I have just cme acrss the garden, and there I saw the Best Thing in the wrld.”
    Dg was sitting under the ld Tree and heard ____1____ wrds. He thught, “The Best Thing in the wrld—nw what can that ____2____? It shuld be ____3____ bnes. I will g and find it.” Dg std up and ____4____ dwn twards the garden.
    He was running s quickly that he didn’t see Rabbit ____5____ Rabbit jumped ut and asked, “Where are yu ging in such a hurry?”
    “T find the Best Thing in the wrld,” Dg replied and ran even ____6____.
    “The Best Thing in the wrld?” said Rabbit. “That must be carrts. They will ____7____ by me.” S Rabbit jined him.
    After ____8____ while, they met Duck.
    “Where are yu ging in such a hurry?” asked Duck.
    “T find the Best Thing in the wrld,” they shuted. “The Best Thing in the wrld?” said Duck. “____9____ is better than my wn little hme and the warm sunshine and the beautiful blue sky.” S he stayed ____10____ hme and played amng the flwers with Butterfly ____11____.
    Dg and Rabbit ran far and fast all day lng and still they didn’t find the Best Thing in the wrld. When the day was ver, they started ____12____ back t their hmes. Hw tired and hungry they were!
    They met Butterfly halfway hme.
    “Did yu find the Best Thing in the wrld?” asked Butterfly.
    “N!” they sunded unhappy.
    “Duck has it,” she said. “____13____ happy with the things yu have. This is the Best Thing in the wrld. Yu have tried t find the things yu want mst, ____14____ ignred (忽略) the things yu have nw.”
    The Best Thing in the wrld is t value ____15____ yu have.
    1. A. sheB. herC. hersD. herself
    2. A. isB. wasC. beD. being
    3. A. ltsB. a ltC. lts fD. a lts f
    4. A. runB. ranC. is runningD. runs
    5. A. becauseB. untilC. afterD. if
    6. A. fastB. fasterC. fastestD. the fastest
    7. A. be fundB. findC. fundD. been fund
    8. A. aB. anC. theD. /
    9. A. EverythingB. SmethingC. NthingD. Anything
    10. A. inB. atC. tD. n
    11. A. happyB. happierC. happinessD. happily
    12. A. gB. wentC. gingD. t ging
    13. A. BeB. T beC. BeingD. Been
    14. A. andB. sC. butD. hwever
    15. A. whichB. whatC. thatD. why
    【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. B
    【解析】本文是一篇关于寻找世界上最好的东西的童话故事。不同的小动物对最好的事物有不同的判断。这篇文章告诉我们要珍惜我们自己拥有的东西。
    1.句意:小狗坐在老树下,听到了她的话。
    she她;her她的;hers她的(名词性物主代词);herself她自己。根据横线后接名词,可知应该用形容词性物主代词。故选B。
    2.句意:那能是什么?
    is是(接在单数名词后); was(is/am的过去式); be(原形); being(现在分词)。情态动词后接动词原形。故选C。
    3.句意:应该是很多骨头。
    lts错误表达;a lt非常;lts f许多;a lts f错误表达。根据横线后接名词,可知用lts f/a lt f。 故选C。
    4.句意:小狗站起来,朝花园跑去。
    run跑(原形;过去分词);ran(过去式);is running(现在进行时);runs(三单形)。根据文章是讲故事,且都用的一般过去时,故此处也用一般过去时。run的过去式为ran。故选B。
    5.句意:他跑得太快了,直到兔子跳出来问,他才看到兔子。
    because因为;until直到;after之后;if如果。短语“”表示“直到……才”。故选B。
    6.句意:小狗回答说,跑得更快。
    fast快;faster(比较级); fastest(最高级); the fastest(the+最高级)。根据even+比较级,可知此处要用比较级。故选B。
    7.句意:他们会被我找到的。
    be fund被找到(被动语态);find找到(原形);fund(过去式;过去分词);been fund(构成完成时的被动语态)。根据will+动词原形,且they指的是胡萝卜,故用被动语态,即“be+动词过去分词”。故选A。
    6.句意:过了一会儿,他们遇到了鸭子。
    a一个,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an一个,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the表特指;/不填。短语“after a while”表示“过了一段时间”。故选A。
    9.句意:没有什么比我自己的小家、温暖的阳光和美丽的蓝天更好的了。
    Everything一切;Smething某事;Nthing没有什么(事物);Anything任何事物。根据下文她哪里也没去,可知他认为自己的小家就是最好的。故选C。
    10.
    句意:所以他待在家里与蝴蝶在花丛中嬉戏。
    in在……里;at在;t去;n在……上。短语“stay at hme”表示“待在家”,故选B。
    11.句意:所以他待在家里与蝴蝶在花丛中嬉戏。 .
    happy快乐的;happier更快乐;happiness 快乐(名词);happily快乐地(副词)。根据副词修饰动词可知,横线上的词用来修饰“play”,故用副词。故选D。
    12.句意:他们开始回家
    g去;went过去式;ging动名词;t ging介词+动名词。start t d/start ding表示“开始做某事”,故选C。
    13.句意:对你拥有的东西感到高兴。
    Be动词原形;T be动词不定式;Being动名词;Been过去分词。简单句中有且只有一个谓语动词。故此句为祈使句,动词原形开头。故选A。
    14.句意:你试图找到你最想要的东西,但忽略了你现在拥有的东西。
    and和;s所以;but但是;hwever然而。根据上下句可知,你努力寻找最想要的东西,忽略了自己拥有的东西,是一种转折,应用but连接。故选C。
    15.句意:世界上最好的事情就是珍惜你所拥有的。
    which哪个;what什么;that那个;why为什么。根据句子成分分析,what yu have是宾语从句,what在从句中作have的宾语。故选B。
    Passage 13
    (2023-24·广州荔湾区统考)
    Lu Ban was a famus wdwrker during the Spring and Autumn Perid. One day, he was given a task ____1____ seemed difficult t cmplete cllect a large amunt f wd and build a palace.
    At the beginning, Lu Ban and his men tk ____2____ axes t a muntain t cut dwn tall and thick trees. Hwever, it was very difficult ____3____ that with nly axes. After several days f hard wrk, Lu Ban and his men met a prblem ____4____ the task. They were really tired, ____5____ the amunt f the wd cllected was far frm enugh t build the palace. Lu Ban became ____6____. He tried t think f ways t cut dwn trees quickly and easily.
    When he went t a muntain t lk fr mre gd wd, he suddenly fell ver. Luckily, he ____7____ ut and held n t sme grass. ____8____ the grass hurt his hand, Lu Ban stayed silent because he was already lst in thught.
    “Why ____9____ this grass s sharp?” He thught abut it ____10____ as he lked at the small cuts n his hand. Lu Ban examined the grass and nticed ____11____ its leaves had many little sharp teeth. He used these teeth t make a small cut n his hand, and they easily cut thrugh the skin. ____12____ idea came int his mind,” If I make a tl with many small saw—like teeth, wuldn’t we cut dwn trees much faster?”
    Lu Ban invented a new tl called ju (saw in English) and tried it ut. It wrked. Sn, all ____13____ wrkers learnt t use saws. In the end, they ____14____ cut dwn large trees quickly.
    With the help f the saw, the palace ____15____ n time.
    1.A. whichB. whenC. whD. where
    2.A. theyB. theirC. themD. themselves
    3. A. dB. dingC. dneD. t d
    4. A. byB. inC. tD. with
    5. A. andB. rC. butD. s
    6. A. wrryB. wrryingC. wrriedD. wrriedly
    7. A. reachesB. reachedC. will reachD. was reaching
    8. A. IfB. BecauseC. UntilD. Althugh
    9. A. desB. didC. isD. was
    10. A. careB. caringC. carefulD. carefully
    11. A. thatB. whatC. hwD. why
    12. A. AB. AnC. TheD. /
    13. A. the therB. thersC. antherD. the thers
    14. A. culdB. mustC. shuldD. wuld
    15. A. cmpletedB. was cmpletedC. has cmpletedD. were cmpleted
    【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. D 11. A 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. B
    【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了鲁班发明锯的契机与经过。
    1.句意:有一天,他接到一项看似艰巨的任务,要收集大量木材,建造一座宫殿。
    which哪个;when什么时候;wh谁;where在哪。该句为定语从句,先行词a task为事物且从句中缺少主语,关系代词用which。故选A。
    2.句意:一开始,鲁班和他的手下拿着斧头上山砍伐又高又大的树木。
    they他们,人称代词主格;their他们的,形容词性物主代词;them他们,人称代词宾格;themselves他们自己,反身代词。设空处应填入形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词axes。故选B。
    3.句意:然而,仅靠斧头是很难完成任务的。
    d动词原形;ding动名词或现在分词;dne过去分词;t d动词不定式。句式It is adj. (fr sb.) t d sth.为固定搭配,意为“对于某人来说做某事……”,动词不定式在句中作主语。故选D。
    4.句意:经过几天的努力,鲁班和他的部下在执行任务时遇到了问题。
    by被;in在……里;t去;with关于,具有。根据“Lu Ban and his men met a prblem…the task.”可知,关于这个任务,他们遇到了难题,with“关于”符合语境。故选D。
    5.句意:他们实在是太累了,但收集到的木材远远不够建造宫殿。
    and并且;r或者;but但是;s所以。前后句为转折关系,应用转折连词but连接。故选C。
    6.句意:鲁班开始发愁了。
    wrry担心,动词原形;wrrying担心,动名词或现在分词;wrried担心,形容词或动词过去式;wrriedly担心地。 短语becme wrried意为“变得担心”,wrried“担心的”,形容词作表语。故选C。
    7.句意:幸好他伸手抓住了一些草。
    reaches动词三单形式;reached过去式或过去分词;will reach一般将来时;was reaching过去进行时。根据前后文可知,时态为一般过去时,谓语动词应用过去式形式。故选B。
    6.句意:虽然草伤到了他的手,但鲁班却保持沉默,因为他已经陷入了沉思。
    If如果;Because因为;Until直到;Althugh尽管,虽然。主句与从句为让步关系,应用从属连词althugh连接。故选D。
    9.句意:这草为什么这么锋利?
    des助动词d的三单形式;did助动词d的过去式;is是;was是,is的过去式。根据“Why…this grass s sharp?”可知,设空处缺少系动词,表示真理性(即事实)的动作或状态应用一般现在时,be动词用is。故选C。
    10.句意:他一边看着手上的小伤口,一边仔细地思考着。
    care关心,动词原形;caring动名词或现在分词;careful小心的,认真的;carefully认真地。根据“He thught abut it…as he lked at the small cuts n his hand.”可知,修饰动词“思考”应用副词。故选D。
    11.句意:鲁班仔细观察小草,发现它的叶子上有许多锋利的小齿。
    that宾语从句的连接词,无意义;what什么;hw怎样;why为什么。该句为包含宾语从句的主从复合句,且从句为不缺少成分的陈述句,引导词应用that。故选A。
    12.句意:他突然想到一个主意。
    A一个,修饰以辅音音素开头的单词;An一个,修饰以元音音素开头的单词;The这个,定冠词表特指;/零冠词。此处泛指“一个想法”,且idea为元音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词an修饰。故选B。
    13.句意:很快,其他工人都学会了使用锯子。
    the ther两者中另一个;thers其他的人或事物;anther另一个,表泛指;the thers其余的,表示在一个范围内的其他全部。根据“Sn, all…wrkers learnt t use saws.”可知,此处考查短语all the ther“所有其他的……”。故选A。
    14.句意:最后,他们可以很快地砍倒大树。
    culd可以,能;must必须;shuld应该;wuld将会。此处表示有能力做或能够发生,指“可以快速砍树了”,应用情态动词culd“能够,可以”。故选A。
    15.句意:在锯子的帮助下,宫殿按时完工了。
    cmpleted完成,动词过去式;was cmpleted被完成;has cmpleted现在完成时;were cmpleted被完成。主语palace与谓语动词cmplete之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,此处应用被动语态,时态为一般过去时,主语为第三人称单数,be dne中的be动词应用was。故选B。
    Passage 14
    (2023-24·广州白云区统考)
    Rbert likes taking a walk in the park after wrk. One day when he ____1____ in the park, he heard smene calling his name. He stpped ____2____ arund, but saw ____3____. Then he felt tired and sat dwn n a bench. ____4____ he was lking arund, he suddenly fund a little snake was sitting next t him.
    ____5____ terrible it was! He was t afraid ____6____ away frm the bench and didn’t knw what t d. Then he heard smene calling ____7____ name again. ____8____ wman appeared beside the bench and said, “Rbert, cme here! Yu ____9____ stay n the bench like that. Peple ____10____ by yu.”
    Rbert was in great surprise and lked at the wman ____11____ a lng time. He didn’t knw her, ____12____ hw did she knw his name? S he said, “Excuse me, I have n idea abut yu. But peple always say I’m handsme.” The wman seemed t be shcked by ____13____ Rbert had said. At that mment, Rbert fund smething amazing. The little snake next t him ____14____ mved dwn frm the bench and went twards the wman.
    Then Rbert heard the wman say, “I’m nt talking t yu. I’m telling Rbert, my pet snake.” Yu can imagine hw embarrassed Rbert was at that mment. Life is full f the unexpected. After all, ____15____ peple wuld like t keep a snake as a pet.
    1. A. is walkingB. was walkingC. walksD. has walked
    2. A. lkB. lkingC. t lkD. lked
    3. A. nbdyB. smebdyC. anybdyD. everybdy
    4. A. AfterB. BefreC. UntilD. When
    5. A. Hw aB. HwC. WhatD. What a
    6. A. mvesB. mvingC. t mveD. mved
    7. A. heB. himselfC. himD. his
    8. A. AB. AnC. TheD. /
    9. A. canB. can’tC. mustD. needn’t
    10. A. is scaredB. will scaredC. will be scaredD. were scared
    11. A. frB. inC. atD. n
    12. A. thughB. rC. sD. but
    13. A. whB. whatC. whyD. where
    14. A. slwB. slwerC. slwlyD. slwest
    15. A. fewB. littleC. a fewD. a little
    【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A
    【解析】
    【导语】本文讲述了罗伯特在公园散步的时候遇到一条蛇,这条蛇的名字也叫罗伯特,在蛇的主人与蛇讲话的时候,罗伯特以为是在和自己讲话,结果发现主人是在和宠物蛇罗伯特讲话,而不是自己。
    1.句意:一天,当他在公园散步时,他听到有人叫他的名字。
    is walking散步,现在进行时;was walking过去进行时;walks一般现在时;has walked现在完成时。根据“when he ... in the park, he heard smene calling his name.”可知,该句是when引导的时间状语从句,主句时态为一般过去时,从句时态用过去进行时,表示”当他正在散步的时候“,故选B。
    2.句意:他停下来环顾四周,但没看见一个人。
    lk看,动词原形;lking动名词;t lk动词不定式;lked动词过去式。stp t d sth.“停下来去做某事”,应用动词不定式,故选C。
    3.句意:他停下来环顾四周,但没看见一个人。
    nbdy没有人;smebdy某人;anybdy任何人;everybdy每个人。根据“but”可知,表示转折,停下来看但没有看到人,故选A。
    4.句意:当他环顾四周时,他突然发现一条小蛇坐在他旁边。
    After在……之后;Befre在……之前;Until直到……为止;When当……时。根据“he suddenly fund a little snake was sitting next t him”可知,是指当他四处看的时候发现一条蛇,应用when引导时间状语从句,故选D。
    5.句意:这是多么可怕啊!
    Hw a多么;Hw多么;What多么;What a多么。根据“... terrible it was!”可知,该句为感叹句,中心词为形容词terrible,应用“Hw+形容词+主谓”结构,故选B。
    6.句意:他太害怕了,不敢离开长凳,不知道该怎么办。
    mves移动,动词三单;mving动名词;t mve动词不定式;mved动词过去式。根据“He was t afraid ... away frm the bench”可知,是指他太害怕了以至于不能移动,t... t“太……以至于不能”,应用动词不定式,故选C。
    7.句意:然后他又听到有人叫他的名字。
    he他,主格;himself他自己,反身代词;him他,宾格;his他的,形容词性物主代词。此处修饰名词name应用形容词性物主代词,故选D。
    6.句意:一个女人出现在长凳旁边说。
    A一个,不定冠词,表泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;An一个,不定冠词,表泛指,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;The这/那个,定冠词,表特指;/零冠词。此处泛指“一个女人”,且wman是以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a,故选A。
    9.句意:你不能那样待板凳上。
    can能够;can’t不能;must必须;needn’t不需要。根据下文“I’m nt talking t yu. I’m telling Rbert, my pet snake.”可知,女人是对自己的宠物蛇说不能那样在凳子上,故选B。
    10.句意:人们会被你吓到的。
    is scared害怕,一般现在时的被动语态;will scared一般将来时;will be scared一般将来时的被动语态;were scared一般过去时的被动语态。根据“Peple ... by yu.”可知,是指人们会被吓到,时态用一般将来时,主语Peple与动词scare构成被动关系,所以用一般将来时的被动语态,故选C。
    11.句意:罗伯特非常惊讶,久久地看着那个女人。
    fr后接一段时间;in后接年/月/季节;at后接具体时刻;n后接具体某一天。根据“a lng time”可知,是指看这个女人看了很长时间,应用介词fr,故选A。
    12.句意:他不认识她,但她怎么知道他的名字呢?
    thugh尽管;r或者;s所以;but但是。分析句子结构可知,此处表示转折关系,应用but连接,故选D。
    13.句意:那女人似乎被罗伯特的话吓了一跳。
    wh谁;what什么;why为什么;where在哪里。根据上文“Excuse me, I have n idea abut yu. But peple always say I’m handsme.”可知,此处是指罗伯特说的这句话的内容,应用what引导宾语从句,故选B。
    14.句意:他旁边的那条小蛇慢慢地从长凳上爬下来,朝那个女人走去。
    slw缓慢的,形容词;slwer形容词比较级;slwly缓慢地,副词;slwest形容词最高级。该句没有比较的含义,排除选项B、D;修饰动词mved应用副词,故选C。
    15.句意:毕竟,很少有人愿意养蛇当宠物。
    few很少,修饰可数名词;little很少,修饰不可数名词;a few一些,修饰可数名词;a little一些,修饰不可数名词。根据“After all, ... peple wuld like t keep a snake as a pet.”可知,是指很少有人养蛇当宠物,且空后peple是复数形式,应用few修饰,故选A。
    Passage 15
    (2024·广州模拟)
    During the Sng Dynasty (960-1279), there was an fficial named Zhang Guaiya ____1____ wrked in Chngyang cunty (县), in tday’s Hubei. Theft was cmmn – even mney frm the cunty’s vault (钱库) _____2____.
    One day, Zhang saw a lw-ranking fficial (小吏) ____3____ut f the vault in a panic (慌张). Zhang stpped him and asked, “Why are yu ____4____such a hurry?”
    “N reasn,” said the fficial.
    Zhang remembered the things stlen frm the vault. S he asked the guards t search the fficial___5____. They fund a cpper cin (铜钱) in____6_____headband (头巾).
    Zhang asked him hw much mre mney he had stlen. The fficial refused t admit (承认) that he stle ____7_____ . Zhang rdered the guards t beat him.
    The fficial didn’t____8____. He said, “I nly stle a cpper cin. Yu ____9____kill me just because f that!”
    Zhang was very angry. He wrte with a red pen, “If yu steal a cin every day, there ____10____ a thusand cins after a thusand days. Cnstant dripping wears away a stne (水滴石穿).”
    “Cnstant dripping wears away a stne.” This saying ____11_____ us that small things dne ver time can make a big ____12______. On the ne hand, it reminds us ____13_____small bad things. On the ther hand, it tells us t persevere (坚持不懈).
    Take learning a language, fr example. There is n shrtcut (捷径) t success. Yu have t persist, learning new wrds, reading and writing. Within a shrt perid, yu might nt see prgress. But____14____yu stick t it fr mnths r years, yu will make breakthrughs (突破).
    President Xi Jinping nce mentined (提到) this saying in a 1990 speech he made in Ningde, Fujian. Believing in it, Xi led lcal peple t wrk hard ____15_____get rid f pverty (摆脱贫困). He ften used it t encurage fficials t fight against pverty.
    1. A. which B. whm C. wh D. \
    2. A. stle B. was stle C. was stlen D. were stlen
    3. A. cme B. cmes C. came D. t cme
    4. A. n B. in C. at D. fr
    5. A. care B. careful C. carefully D. careless
    6. A. he B. his C. him D. himself
    7. A. smething else B. else smething C. anything else D. else anything
    8. A. give up B. give in C. give away D. give ff
    9. A. can’t B. culdn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
    10. A. are B. have C. will be D. will have
    11. A. tell B. tld C. is tld D. tells
    12. A. different B. differently C. difference D. differences
    13. A. nt ding B. dn’t d C. nt t d D. t nt d
    14. A. unless B. althugh C. because D. if
    15. A. s B. r C. and D. but
    【答案】 CCABC BABAC DCCDC
    【解析】本文介绍国学故事——水滴穿石,这一故事。
    1.C考查定语从句用法。句意:宋朝(960-1279),崇阳县有一位名叫张乖崖的官员。定语从句先行词指人作主语。答案选C
    2.C考查被动语态用法。句意:盗窃很常见,甚至县金库里的钱也被偷了。钱被偷用被动 ,答案选C
    3.A考查句式用法。句意:一天,张看到了一位小吏 惊慌失措地从县金库出来。See sb d 看见某人做过某事。答案选A
    4.B考查固定搭配用法。句意:为什么这么匆忙?in a great hurry用介词in。答案选B
    5.C考查副词用法。句意:因此,他要求警卫仔细搜查这位小吏。副词修饰动词。答案选C
    6.B考查代词用法。句意:他发现一个铜板在头巾里。名词前面用形容词性物主代词。答案选B
    7.A考查不定代词用法。句意:这位官员拒绝承认他偷了别的东西.肯定句用smething ,else放在后面。答案选A
    8.B考查词组辨异用法。A. give up 放弃 B. give in屈服,投降。 C. give away 赠送,分发。 D. give ff释放,放出,发出。根据句意。答案选B
    9.A考查情态动词用法。句意:你不能因为这一点杀我。“引号里面,引述原话不用过去时态。答案选A
    10.C考查时态用法。句意:如果你每天偷一枚硬币,一千天后就会有一千枚硬币。“主将从现”表示将有“there will be”答案选C
    11.D考查时态用法。句意:这句话告诉我们,随着时间的推移,不断做一些小事可以带来很大的不同结果。这里叙述一个客观存在的事实用一般现在时态。答案选D
    12.C考查固定搭配用法。句意:这句话告诉我们,随着时间的推移,不断做一些小事可以带来很大的不同结果。Make a difference 产生作用,或影响。答案选C
    13.C考查不定式用法。句意:一方面,它提醒我们不要做小坏事。Remind sb nt t d 提醒某人不要做某事。答案选C
    14.D考查从属连词用法。句意:但如果你坚持几个月或几年,你就会取得突破。前后句子条件关系。答案选D
    15.C 考查并列连词用法。句意:习主席领导当地人民努力工作,摆脱贫困, 他经常用它来鼓励官员与贫困作斗争。答案选C

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