中考英语一轮复习知识梳理巩固练习专题04 情态动词（2份，原卷版+解析版）

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·模块一 can/culd/be able t用法分述。
·模块二 may/might用法分述。
·模块三 must/have t用法分述。
·模块四 shuld/ught t用法分述。
·模块五 need用法分述。
·模块六 will/wuld用法分述。
·模块七 wuld rather/had better用法分述。
can/culd/be able t用法分述
can/culd的基本形式和用法：
culd是can的过去式，或作为委婉语
用于请求或允许，意为“能……”
-- Culd/Can I have the televisin n?
-- Yes, yu _____________________. / N, yu _____________________.
在疑问句和否定句中表示推测，意为“可能……吗？”、“不可能”
他可能是坏人吗？他不可能是坏人。
_____________________ he _____________________ a bad guy? N, he _____________________ a bad guy.
用于陈述句，表示事情发生的“理论上的可能性”，意为“会”
事故总会发生。
_____________________表示能力，意为“能够”
He _____________________ speak English when he was yung.
culd作为can的过去时/委婉语，请打勾
can/culd与be able t的差别：
表示能力时， can表示现在、culd表示过去；be able t可以用于任何时态，也可以前加情态动词或助动词，如：will be able t, have been able t, shuld be able t
用于过去时中，culd表示“有能力做”而“并不一定做成”；若是“实际得以做成某事”，只能用was/were able t=manage t d sth.
司机得以逃生，其他的乘客没有逃出来。
The driver _____________________ escape, but the passengers failed t d s.
Ms. Wang culd sing well when she was yung.
I was able t pass the examinatin. 我通过了考试.（不仅有能力,而且实际上做到了.相当于I succeeded in passing the examinatin.）
I culd pass the examinatin. 我当时有能力通过考试.（有能力,但实际上不一定做得到）
can/culd与be able t差别总结
can/culd的惯用语：
cannt help ding sth.情不自禁做某事
我情不自禁地笑了。
I cannt help _____________________.
cannt help/chse but d sth.不得不，只能做某事
我不得不告诉她真相。
I cannt help/chse but _____________________.
cannt … t + adj./adv. 无论怎样都不为过，越……越好
你越小心越好。
Yu cannt _____________________ t _____________________.
cannt … withut 没有……就不能
One cannt succeed withut perseverance.
没有_____________________就不能_____________________。
culd nt + 比较级 = 最高级
-- G fr a picnic this weekend, OK?
-- I culdn’t agree mre.
_____________________★真题试炼★
1．（2023·吉林长春·统考中考真题）This _______ be Alice’s guitar. Hers is still in my huse.
A．shuldB．can’tC．mustD．needn’t
2．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）—Can yu swim in this river?
—________. It’s t dangerus.
A．Yes, I canB．N, I can’tC．Yes, yu mayD．N, yu needn’t
3．（2023·辽宁·统考中考真题）—Is this red jacket Tny’s?
—N, it ________ be his. He desn’t like red.
A．can’tB．mustn’tC．needn’tD．wuldn’t
4．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）The lvely by ________ ride the bike at the age f six.
A．mustB．culdC．needD．shuld
5．（2022·辽宁大连·统考中考真题）—Wilsn, ________ yu help me carry the bx upstairs?
—Sure, n prblem.
A．culdB．needC．shuldD．might
may/might用法分述
may/might的基本形式和用法：
might是may的过去式，亦可作委婉语
表示请求或允许，意为“可以……”
-- May I smke here?
-- Yes, yu _____________________.
-- N, yu _____________________.
表示对事实的不太确定的推测，意为“可能”
The greatest fl may ask mre than the wisest man can answer.
_____________________
may放在句首，表示祝愿
场景连线：
May Gd bless yu! n grandpa’s birthday
May yu succeed in yur career! n the graduatin ceremny
May we never frget each ther! n the wedding ceremny
May yu live lng and prsper! befre the mid-term exam
May yu lve frever and have a lvely baby sn! n the farewell dinner
May gd frtune find yu this year! during the Spring Festival
may/might的惯用语：
may well d 理所当然，有足够的理由＝have gd reasn t
我有足够理由不去上学。
I may well _____________________.
may/might as well d 最好
你最好呆在家里。
Yu may/might as well _____________________.
may/might as well d A as d B 与其做B不如做A
One may as well nt knw a thing at all as knw it but imperfectly.
_____________________
★真题试炼★
6．（2022·四川·统考中考真题）—________ I help yu, sir?
—Yes, I’d like t try n thse black shes.
A．WillB．ShuldC．MustD．May
7．（2022·统考中考真题）—_______ I use yur glue? I’m making a kite.
—N prblem. Here yu are.
A．ShuldB．NeedC．MustD．May
8．（2022·辽宁锦州·统考中考真题）—Will plants grw n ther planets?
—That ________ be true. It’s really difficult t predict the future.
A．mustn’tB．shuldC．needn’tD．may
9．（2023·山东菏泽·统考中考真题）—Where are yu ging this summer vacatin?
—I ________ g t Zib, but I’m nt sure.
A．mustB．needn’tC．might
10．（2022·湖南怀化·统考中考真题）—Whse English bk is this?
—It _______ be Lily’s, but I’m nt sure.
A．mightB．can’tC．must
must/have t用法分述
must的基本用法：
用于询问、命令或建议，意为“必须”，mustn’t意为“禁止”
-- Must/Need I leave the ffice after five ’clck?
-- Yes, yu_____________________.
-- N, yu _____________________.
用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为“一定”
他现在一定在公司。
He _____________________ in the ffice nw.
♥Attentin♥
must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时，must 后面通常接be (ding)
比较：Yu must be sleeping nw. VS. Yu must sleep nw.
表猜测用法小结：
must表示自然规律或必然结果，意为“必然”
All men must die.
_____________________
must与have t的差别：
must意为“必须”时，与have t的意思相同，但：
have t表示客观条件有所要求，must表示说话者主观上认为必要
他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这事）
He said that they _____________________ wrk hard.
居民们不得不忍受广场舞的噪音。
The residents _____________________ stand the nise f the public square dancing.
只有在间接引语中，must才能表示过去
判断下列句子对错：
He had t lk after his sister yesterday. （ ）
He must lk after his sister yesterday. （ ）
He said he must lk after his sister when their parents were away. （ ）
He said he had t lk after his sister when their parents were away. （ ）
在否定结构中，dn't have t表示“不必要”，mustn't表示“不允许”
你不一定要把此事告诉他。
Yu _____________________ tell him this.
你一定不要把这件事告诉他。
Yu _____________________ tell him this.
表“必须”比较：
have t补充说明：在口语中have gt t亦可表示义务和需要，与have t基本同义
他现在必须走了。
（用have gt t）He has gt t g.
疑问句：_____________________ t g?
否定句：He _____________________ t g.
（用have t）He has t g.
疑问句：_____________________ t g?
否定句：He _____________________ t g.
★真题试炼★
11．（2023·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）Oh, cme n! ________ yu dubt everything I say? I’m nt a three-year-ld!
A．Can’tB．CanC．Mustn’tD．Must
12．（2023·湖北孝感·统考中考真题）— Hw beautiful the paper cutting is! Wh made it?
— It ________ be Linda. She’s the nly ne that can make it in ur class.
A．mustB．wuldC．canD．culd
13．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—The paper cutting is pretty lively. Wh made it?
—It ________ be Mary. Nne f us except her is able t d it.
A．canB．mustC．needD．might
14．（2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）—Miss Li. I dn’t want t say srry t Daniel.
—I’m afraid yu ________. After all, yu brke his glasses.
A．mayB．have tC．mustn’tD．needn’t
15．（2022·湖北荆州·统考中考真题）—Mike, I can’t stp playing cmputer games.
—Fr yur eyes, my dear friend, I’m afraid yu ________ .
A．culdB．mayC．wuldD．have t
shuld/ught t用法分述
shuld的基本用法：
shuld表示劝告、建议、命令，意为“应当、要”，其同义词是ught t/be suppsed t，在疑问句中，通常用shuld代替ught t
Yu shuld d exercises.
= Yu _____________________ d exercises.
= Yu _____________________ d exercises.
用于表达合理的推断，意为“应该”
三点到了，足球赛应该快要开始了。
It’s three ’clck. The ftball game _____________________ sn.
用于虚拟语气，意为“应当”
I _____________________ (that) yu finish yur hmewrk first. (shuld) d
If I _____________________ yu, I shuld accept their suggestin.
Nw he has t pay a fine. He _____________________have tried t steal a ride.
♥Attentin♥
shuld have dne 本应该做某事（而实际上没有）
shuldn’t have dne 本不应该做某事 （而实际上做了）
表示义务，意为“应该做”，且表示一种道义上的责任
I shuld help him because he is in truble.
表示惊讶、忧虑、惋惜等情绪，意为“竟会、竟然”
Yu can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman shuld be s rude t his girlfriend.
ught t的用法：
肯定句：He ught t finish the task.
一般疑问句：_____________________finish the task?
否定句：He _____________________finish the task.
★真题试炼★
16．（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）—Excuse me, but we ________ wait in line t get n the subway.
—I’m srry.
A．mightB．wuldC．culdD．shuld
17．（2023·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）Earthquakes can be very dangerus. We ________ learn t prtect urselves.
A．mightB．shuldC．culdD．wuld
18．（2023·湖北恩施·统考一模）If yu want t be a greener man, yu ________ shut ff the light when leaving a rm.
A．dareB．ught tC．wuld
19．（2023·福建宁德·统考二模）—Whse rpe is this?
—It ________ be Tm’s. He used this blue rpe in the P. E. class just nw.
A．had betterB．ught tC．used t
20．（2022·江苏常州·统考中考真题）T achieve ur dream, we ________ rest n what we have dne.
A．may ntB．shuld ntC．need ntD．culd nt
need用法分述
need的基本用法：请在下表内填空（dare跟need用法相同）
sth. need ding是主动形式表示被动= need t be dne（见被动语态详解）
花园里的花需要浇水了。
The flwers in the garden need _____________________ nw.
★真题试炼★
21．（2023·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）The new app abut fashin is really free and yu ________ pay mney fr it.
A．mayB．mustC．shuldn’tD．needn’t
22．（2023·湖北荆州·统考中考真题）—Yu _______ take the subway t the airprt, fr I can drive yu there directly.
—That’s very kind f yu.
A．can’tB．needn’tC．mustn’tD．shuldn’t
23．（2022·湖北黄石·统考中考真题）—Mm, must I tidy my rm right nw?
—N, yu ________. Yu can d it after breakfast.
A．needn’tB．mustn’tC．can’tD．shuldn’t
24．（2022·四川乐山·统考中考真题）— Must we wear the schl clthes tmrrw, Mr. Wang?
— N, yu ________. Only n Mndays. Tmrrw is Tuesday.
A．mustn’tB．needn’tC．can’t
25．（2023·内蒙古兴安盟·统考一模）—Must I finish the wrk tday?
—N, yu ________. But yu ________ finish it befre next Mnday.
A．mustn’t; mustB．needn’t; needC．mustn’t; culdD．needn’t; must
will/wuld用法分述
表示恭谦的请求、建议等，常用于疑问句，wuld比will委婉客气
Wuld yu mind my clsing the windw?
表示意志、愿望和决心
I will never d that again.
表示估计或猜想
It wuld be abut ten when he left hme.
补充说明
wuld like t d = want t想要，为固定搭配
Wuld yu like…? 表示肯定含义的请求劝说时，疑问句中一般用sme，而不是any
否定结构中用wn’t，一般不用wuldn’t, wn't yu是一种委婉语气。
Wn't yu sit dwn?
★真题试炼★
26．（2022·河北邯郸·统考三模）—Mum, I’ve signed fr a big bx by SF Express(顺丰快递). What’s in it?
—I’m nt sure. It ________ be a present frm yur aunt.
A．mightB．mustC．shuldD．will
27．（2022·云南昆明·统考一模）—Can I park my car here?
—N, yu ________. Lk at the sign. It says “N parking”.
A．wn’tB．wuldn’tC．needn’tD．mustn’t
28．（2022·辽宁葫芦岛·统考二模）—Mm, d yu knw where my keys are? I can’t find them.
—I’m nt sure. They ________ be in yur white bag.
A．shallB．mayC．willD．must
29．（2022·湖北武汉·武汉外国语学校（武汉实验外国语学校）校考模拟预测）He pushed the dr again and again, but it pen.
A．wuldn’tB．mustn’tC．shuldn’tD．needn’t
30．（2022·山东济南·统考一模）—Nick, ________ yu like t jin us t the museum?
—Why nt? Let’s g.
A．canB．culdC．wuldD．must
wuld rather/had better用法分述
wuld rather d 宁愿 否定：_____________________
在做两者比较用than
wuld rather d A than d B = wuld d A rather than d B
I wuld rather watch TV than g t see the film.
= I _____________________ TV t _____________________ t see the film. (prefer)
= I _____________________ TV rather than _____________________ t see the film. (prefer)
如果than后面的动词与前面的一样，则可以省略：
I wuld rather wrk n a farm than in a factry.
如果than后面是句子，要加that引导的从句：
I wuld rather lse a dzen cherry trees than that yu shuld tell me ne lie.
had better d 最好 否定：_____________________
我们最好在冬天的时候多吃多睡来储存能量。
We had better _____________________ t save energy in winter.
★真题试炼★
31．（2023·上海·一模）Yu had better ________ t see a dctr if yu dn’t feel well.
A．gB．t gC．gingD．gne
32．（2022·广西梧州·统考一模）We had better _______ cmputer games fr a lng time.
A．playB．t playC．nt playD．nt t play
33．（2022·贵州铜仁·统考三模）— It seems that it is ging t rain. Yu’d better _______ the windws pen when yu g ut.
— Thank yu.
A．nt t leaveB．nt leaveC．leaveD．t leave
34．（2022·甘肃陇南·校考模拟预测）Yu’d better ________ the TV. It’s time fr supper.
A．nt t turn nB．t nt turn nC．nt turn nD．nt turning n
35．（2022·广西·统考三模）Yu’d better ________ t much chclate, r yu’ll get fat.
A．eatB．t eatC．nt t eatD．nt eat过去时
委婉语
表请求或允许
_____________________
表推测
_____________________
表可能性
_____________________
表能力
_____________________
can/culd
be able t
表请求或允许
√
_____________________
表推测
√
_____________________
表可能性
√
_____________________
表能力
√
_____________________
时态
_____________________
_____________________
用于过去时中含义
_____________________
_____________________
对现在（正在进行）
对过去
肯定句
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
否定句
_____________________
疑问句
_____________________
must
have t
主客观
_____________________
_____________________
时态、人称、数的变化
_____________________
_____________________
用于过去时
_____________________
_____________________
否定形式含义
_____________________
_____________________
She, need/dare, g there alne
实义动词
情态动词
现在
She _____________________ g there alne.
过去
She _____________________ g there alne.
否定
She _____________________ g there alne.
She needn’t/daren’t g there alne.
疑问
Des she need/dare t g there alne?
Need/Dare she g there alne?