浙江省温州市2023_2024学年高二英语上学期期末教学质量统一检测试卷B含解析

本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。全卷共12页，选择题部分1至9页，非选择题部分10至12页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卷上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用像皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卷上，写在本试题卷上无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例: How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18. C. £9.15.答案是C。1. What does the man suggest doing?A. Finding a shelter. B. Taking an umbrella. C. Checking the weather.2. What would the woman like to watch?A. A horror movie. B. An action movie. C. A romance movie.3. How does the woman feel now?A. Worried. B. Excited. C. Moved.4. What time did the man plan to get up?A At 7: 00. B. At 7: 30. C. At 8: 00.5. Where will the speakers go first?A. The park. B. The beach. C. The café.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Workmates. B. Neighbours. C. Schoolmates.7. How much will the woman pay altogether?A.8.5 dollars. B.10 dollars. C.11.5 dollars.听第7 段材料，回答第8至10题。8. What does Sara want to do today?A. To take a photograph.B. To try a new hairstyle.C. To have her hair washed.9. How does Sara describe her hair?A. Cool. B. Oily C. Dry.10. What does the man recommend?A. A new shampoo. B. A good hairdryer. C. A health product.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What did the man think of the Manhattan life?A. Busy. B. Peaceful. C. Colourful.12. Why did the man cancel the trip to the Central Park?A. Because he wasn’t interested in it.B. Because the traffic was too crowded.C. Because there was no time available.13. Which tourist attraction impressed the man most?A. The Statue of Liberty.B. The Washington Square.C. The Empire State Building.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. Why did the woman click on the link?A. To have a discount. B. To remove viruses. C. To run software.15. Where are the speakers?A. At home. B. In the office. C. In a repair shop.16. What are the speakers talking about?A. Office work. B. Online shopping. C. Network security.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What is probably the speaker?A. An editor. B. A host. C. A lecturer.18. What did Ralph Emerson do?A. He published a novel. B. He recommended a book. C. He founded a magazine.19. What do we know about The Atlantic?A. It’s published for students.B. It includes various topics.C. It has a short history.20. Why does the speaker give the talk?A. To promote a magazine. B. To discuss a problem. C. To introduce an app.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACalifornia is home to some of the most beautiful botanical gardens in the country. Suppose you want to appreciate unique landscapes and native plants, this post has what you need to experience in the Golden State.San Francisco Botanical GardenLocated in the Golden Gate Park, this garden is home to over 9,000 types of plants. It has 55acres of walking paths and streams where families, couples, and solo travelers can escape from the noise of the city. It offers attractive florals (植物群) during every season of the year.California Botanic GardenIt’s the largest botanic garden devoted to California-native plants. As a living museum, the California Botanic Garden features over 22,000 California-native plant species, many of which are endangered species. The garden offers guided walks and tours for visitors who want a behind-the-scenes look at the garden and its many beautiful species.UC Botanical Garden at BerkeleyThis garden features the most diverse landscapes in the world. It has over 10,000 types of plants. The plant collections here are impressive; visitors can wander for hours and still find new plants to admire. Special events are hosted there throughout the year, including plant sales and summer camps for kids.San Diego Botanic GardenThis coastal California botanic garden has 4 miles of trails and ocean views and features over 5,000 plant species. Among 29 uniquely themed gardens on-site, the bamboo garden collection is a must-see. With over 100 species within the living collection of bamboo, guests can experience many distinctive eco-friendly plants up close.If exploring the botanical gardens in California is on your to-do list, don’t wait any longer! We’re confident this collection of must-see outdoor gardens will entertain, amaze, and inspire you.1. Which botanical garden has the most types of plants?A. San Francisco Botanical Garden. B. California Botanic Garden.CUC Botanical Garden. D. San Diego Botanic Garden.2. What is special about San Diego Botanic Garden?A. It holds different events regularly. B. It has distinctive theme gardens.C. It features California-native plants. D. It shows various landscapes worldwide.3. Who are the intended readers of the text?A. Travellers. B. Gardeners. C. Researchers. D. Guides.【答案】1. B2. B3. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了加州一些全国最美丽的植物园。【1题详解】细节理解题。由文章San Francisco Botanical Garden部分中“Because in Duchang. (这个花园位于金门公园，有9000多种植物。)”、California Botanic Garden部分中“As a living museum, the California Botanic Garden features over 22,000 California-native plant species, many of which are endangered species. (作为一个活生生的博物馆，加州植物园拥有超过22,000种加州本土植物，其中许多是濒危物种。)”、UC Botanical Garden at Berkeley部分中“It has over 10,000 types of plants. (这里有一万多种植物。)”、San Diego Botanic Garden部分中“This coastal California botanic garden has 4 miles of trails and ocean views and features over 5,000 plant species. (这个加利福尼亚海岸植物园有4英里的步道和海景，拥有5000多种植物。)”可知，California Botanic Garden植物种类最多。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。由文章San Diego Botanic Garden部分中“Among 29 uniquely themed gardens on-site, the bamboo garden collection is a must-see. (在29个独特的主题花园中，竹园收藏是不容错过的。)”可知，San Diego Botanic Garden特别之处在于它有独特的主题花园。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“California is home to some of the most beautiful botanical gardens in the country. Suppose you want to appreciate unique landscapes and native plants, this post has what you need to experience in the Golden State. (加州有一些全国最美丽的植物园。假设你想欣赏独特的风景和本土植物，这篇文章有你在金州需要体验的东西。)”可知，文章的目标读者是游客。故选A。BHave you ever wondered what happens to your mobile phones and laptops after you throw them out to make way for a newer model? According to its latest Global E-Waste Monitor, India is the third top producer of e-waste in the world. E-waste in Indian landfill goes on to pollute soil and groundwater, affecting food supply systems and water sources.Thankfully, the country has a new group of artists who are changing these thrown mechanical items-from mobile phones to old televisions- into large murals (壁画) and artworks to creatively show their concern for the waste problem.Over the past quarter of a century, Mumbai’s Haribaabu Naatesan has transformed hundreds of tonnes of e-waste into art, integrating elements from nature and industry. “I get my waste material from friends, relatives and neighbours who know my interest in e-art and send me bags of thrown electronic appliances,” says Naatesan. Over his career, he has created huge murals for several companies. He has also showed his work at the India Art Fair, as well as several other national displays.Another artist Vishwanath Davangere has also long worked with e-waste. He likes to take apart old laptops and reassemble (重新组装) them into birds, animals and plants. After retirement, he started pursuing this hobby more seriously and started selling his creations across the world. His most outstanding works include a robotic Egyptian statue with glowing red eyes and a Milky Way made from keyboard keys. He hopes to enable others to reconsider their own consumption habits and make more environmentally conscious choices.“By giving e-waste a second chance, I aim to raise awareness about the environmental impact of electronic waste.” says Davangare, who today has a collection of more than 600 eco-art objects.4. Why do the artists create artworks from E-waste?A. To promote their artistic career. B. To update electronic appliances.C. To make profits for several companies. D. To express their environmental concern.5. What can we learn about Naatesan from paragraph 3?A. His creations are displayed globally. B. He gains support from people around.C. He has been creating e-art for 10 years. D. His works integrate technology and history.6. Which of the following best describes Davangere?A. Reliable. B. Confident. C. Devoted. D. Generous.7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. E-waste Recycling Sweeping the World B. Environmental Problems Worrying IndiansC. An Art Movement Turning Trash into Cash D. Indian Creatives Transforming E-waste into Art【答案】4. D5. B6. C7. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了印度一些艺术家将废弃的电子设备变成大型壁画和艺术作品，以创造性地表达他们对垃圾问题的关注。【4题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段“Thankfully, the country has a new group of artists who are changing these thrown mechanical items-from mobile phones to old televisions- into large murals (壁画) and artworks to creatively show their concern for the waste problem. (值得庆幸的是，这个国家出现了一群新的艺术家，他们正在把这些被丢弃的机械物品——从手机到旧电视——变成大型壁画和艺术品，以创造性地表达他们对废物问题的关注。)”可知，艺术家们用电子垃圾创作艺术品表达他们对环境的关注。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。由文章第三段中“ “I get my waste material from friends, relatives and neighbours who know my interest in e-art and send me bags of thrown electronic appliances,” says Naatesan. (Naatesan说:“我从朋友、亲戚和邻居那里得到废料，他们知道我对电子艺术的兴趣，给我寄来一袋袋扔掉的电子产品。”)”可知，他得到周围人的支持。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段““By giving e-waste a second chance, I aim to raise awareness about the environmental impact of electronic waste. ” says Davangare, who today has a collection of more than 600 eco-art objects. (“通过给电子垃圾第二次机会，我的目标是提高人们对电子垃圾对环境影响的认识。”达万加尔说，他现在收藏了600多件生态艺术品。)”可知，他热衷于这项事业。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段“Thankfully, the country has a new group of artists who are changing these thrown mechanical items-from mobile phones to old televisions- into large murals (壁画) and artworks to creatively show their concern for the waste problem. (值得庆幸的是，这个国家出现了一群新的艺术家，他们正在把这些被丢弃的机械物品——从手机到旧电视——变成大型壁画和艺术品，以创造性地表达他们对废物问题的关注。)”可知，本文主要讲述了印度一些艺术家将废弃的电子设备变成大型壁画和艺术作品，以创造性地表达他们对垃圾问题的关注。因此选项D“Indian Creatives Transforming E-waste into Art (印度创意将电子垃圾转化为艺术)”可以作为最佳标题。故选D。CIn 1921, Karel Čapek’s play R. U. R.: Rossum’s Universal Robots had its first public performance in Prague, and was translated into English the following year. He needed a name for the factory produced humanoid workers of the story, and was thinking of coining something based on the word “labour”. But his brother Josef suggested an old Czech word for “forced labour”, robota. And the word “robot” was born.If the Čapeks had known English, they might have chosen one of the words with relevant senses that were already in the language. “Automaton” had been available since the 17th century and “android” since the 18th. But the clear sound of “robot” seemed to capture the public imagination, because within five years it was being used not only for intelligent artificial beings but for any machine capable of carrying out a complex set of movements.In science fictions(小说), the word took on new life, with writers such as Isaac Asimov writing well-regarded novels in which robots played a central role. It was these writers who first shortened “robot”to“bot”, but none of them could have expected the explosion of usages which arrived in the 1990s, as the shortened word came to be adopted in computing. Today, a bot is any piece of software that runs an automated task, such as in searching the Internet or playing computer games. It has also become a suffix (后缀), with the function of the“bot”explained in the other part of the word, as in searchbot, infobot, spybot and warbot.As early as 1923, George Bernard Shaw had applied the word “robot” to people who act automatically, without thinking or emotion, usually because of the repetitive work they have to do. Now anyone having automaton-like behaviour risks attracting the label. A movie star called Samantha who has taken on the same type of character too many times might have her roles described as “Samanthabots.” And in 2009 “Obamabots” arrived-people who support Barack Obama without really knowing anything about him.8. What does the underlined word “coining” in paragraph 1 mean?A. Delivering. B. Predicting. C. Inventing. D. Recommending.9. How did the word “robot” develop in the 1990s?A. It was no longer linked with machines. B. It was gradually replaced by “android”.C. It was shortened and used in computing. D. It was only adopted in well-regarded novels.10. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. The usage of “robot” in different situations.B. The impact of “robot” on people’s behaviour.C. The popularity of “robot” among movie stars.D. The connection of “robot” with public figures.11. Where is the text probably taken from?A. A writer’s biography. B. A science fiction.C. A technology newspaper. D. A language encyclopedia.【答案】8. C9. C10. A11. D【解析】【导语】是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“robota”这个词诞生的过程以及在不同情况下的使用。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词句中“He needed a name for the factory produced humanoid workers of the story…”（他需要为这个工厂生产的人形工人的故事取一个名字……）以及下一句“But his brother Josef suggested an old Czech word for “forced labour”, robota. And the word “robot” was born.”（但他的兄弟约瑟夫(Josef)建议用一个古捷克语来表示“强迫劳动”，robota。“robota”这个词就这样诞生了。）由此可知，此处为并且正在考虑以“劳动”这个词为基础创造一个名字。故可猜测划线单词coining为“创造，发明”的意思，结合选项C项Inventing“发明”意思一致。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据“It was these writers who first shortened “robot”to“bot”, but none of them could have expected the explosion of usages which arrived in the 1990s, as the shortened word came to be adopted in computing.”（正是这些作者第一次将robot缩写为bot，但他们谁也没有想到，随着这个缩写词在计算机领域被采用，它的用法在20世纪90年代出现了爆炸式的增长。）可知，“robot”这个词在20世纪90年代被缩短并用于计算。故选C项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“As early as 1923, George Bernard Shaw had applied the word “robot” to people who act automatically, without thinking or emotion, usually because of the repetitive work they have to do. Now anyone having automaton-like behaviour risks attracting the label. A movie star called Samantha who has taken on the same type of character too many times might have her roles described as “Samanthabots.” And in 2009 “Obamabots” arrived-people who support Barack Obama without really knowing anything about him.”（早在1923年，乔治·萧伯纳就用“robot”一词来形容那些没有思考或情感就自动行动的人，通常是因为他们必须做重复的工作。现在，任何有类似机器人行为的人都有被贴上这个标签的风险。一位名叫萨曼莎(Samantha)的电影明星多次扮演同一类型的角色，她的角色可能被称为“萨曼莎博特”(Samantha abots)。2009年出现了“奥巴马机器人”——那些对奥巴马一无所知却支持他的人。）可知，最后一段主要讲了“robot”在不同情况下的使用。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“He needed a name for the factory produced humanoid workers of the story, and was thinking of coining something based on the word “labour”. But his brother Josef suggested an old Czech word for “forced labour”, robota. And the word “robot” was born.”（他需要为这个工厂生产的人形工人的故事取一个名字，并且正在考虑以“劳动”这个词为基础创造一个名字。但他的兄弟约瑟夫(Josef)建议用一个古捷克语来表示“强迫劳动”，robota。“robota”这个词就这样诞生了。）可知，文章主要讲的是“robota”这个词的来源以及在不同情况下的使用。由此可推知，这段文字可能取自一本语言百科全书。故选D项。DThe road to a Nobel Prize, the most respected scientific award in the world, is growing ever longer, with almost half of winners now waiting more than 20 years from making a Nobel-worthy discovery to receiving the prize.One analysis shows that the average time between publishing the work and receiving one of the science prizes has nearly doubled in the past 60 years. Across the three science prizes, chemistry now has the longest “Nobel lag”- an average of 30 years over the past decade- and physiology or medicine has the shortest, at 26 years.Alfred Nobel’s will stated that the prizes should be awarded “to those who, during the previous year, shall have given the greatest benefit to mankind.” In reality this has only happened a few times. But in the first half of the twentieth century, it was common for Nobel prize winners to be in their 30s and that is unheard of now, says Santo Fortunato, now a computational social scientist at Indiana University.There are a number of possible reasons for this, says Yian Yin, a computational social scientist at Cornell University. It could be that the overall number of breakthroughs is increasing each year, so awards cannot keep up with the number of people who deserve to be recognized, he says. It is also the case that the importance of some works, which Yin describes as “sleeping beauties” are only realized years or decades later. Besides, the lengthening gap could be a sign that there has been a decrease in “disruptive” science -important studies or discoveries that change the paradigm (范式) of their field. This could be causing the Nobel committees to focus more on the past.Fortunato points out that, if the gap continues to grow, outstanding scientists could miss out on the award owing to the Nobel Committee’s rule banning posthumous prizes (追授奖项). “It has to stop at some point,” he says, adding that a rethink of the posthumous-awarding ban would allow more people’s work to get the recognition that it deserves.12. Why does the writer mention the numbers in the first two paragraphs?A. To explain a rule. B. To present a fact.C. To give an opinion. D. To make a prediction.13. Who can receive the Nobel according to Alfred Nobel’s will?A. Experts who are in their thirties.B. Teachers who study computer science.C. Researchers whose name has not been heard of.D. Scientists whose discovery benefits humans most.14. Why might be a cause of the Nobel lag?A. The change in standards. B. The requirement of the award.C. The increase in breakthroughs. D. The tradition of the committees.15. What does Fortunato suggest in the last paragraph?A. Reconsidering the current rule. B. Establishing a better committee.C. Stopping the award presentation. D. Recognizing more people’s work.【答案】12. B13. D14. C15. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在过去的60年里，从发表论文到获得一个科学奖项的平均时间几乎翻了一番。在20世纪上半叶，诺贝尔奖得主通常都是30多岁，现在闻所未闻，文章分析了背后的原因和解决建议。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“The road to a Nobel Prize, the most respected scientific award in the world, is growing ever longer, with almost half of winners now waiting more than 20 years from making a Nobel-worthy discovery to receiving the prize.(诺贝尔奖是世界上最受尊敬的科学奖项，通往诺贝尔奖的道路越来越长，几乎一半的获奖者现在从做出值得诺贝尔奖的发现到获得该奖等了20多年)”以及第二段“One analysis shows that the average time between publishing the work and receiving one of the science prizes has nearly doubled in the past 60 years. Across the three science prizes, chemistry now has the longest “Nobel lag”- an average of 30 years over the past decade- and physiology or medicine has the shortest, at 26 years. (一项分析显示，在过去的60年里，从发表论文到获得一个科学奖项的平均时间几乎翻了一番。在三个科学奖项中，化学现在拥有最长的“诺贝尔滞后”——在过去十年中平均为30年——而生理学或医学奖最短，为26年)”可推知，作者在前两段提到数字是为了陈述事实：诺贝尔获奖的时间比较以前缩短了。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Alfred Nobel’s will stated that the prizes should be awarded “to those who, during the previous year, shall have given the greatest benefit to mankind.”  (阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔的遗嘱指出，该奖项应授予“在过去一年中为人类做出最大贡献的人”。)”可知，阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔的遗嘱中，指出其发现对人类最有益的科学家应该获得诺贝尔奖。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“It could be that the overall number of breakthroughs is increasing each year, so awards cannot keep up with the number of people who deserve to be recognized, he says.(他说，这可能是因为每年的突破总数都在增加，所以奖项跟不上值得被认可的人的数量)”可知，突破的增加可能是诺贝尔奖滞后的一个原因。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““It has to stop at some point,”he says, adding that a rethink of the posthumous-awarding ban would allow more people’s work to get the recognition that it deserves.(“这必须在某个时候停止，”他说，并补充说，重新考虑追授禁令将使更多的人的工作得到应有的认可。)”可知，福尔图纳托在最后一段暗示了重新考虑现行规则。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Many people doubt about the effectiveness of body language. The negative view towards body language is often due to myths(谬论). ____16____Myth 1: Faking body language is not OK.Faking is part of human’s way of life and people seem to be always fascinated with any method that allows them to fake when they need it. Is that wrong? The truth is there is no harm in trying. The aim with body language is to improve the overall quality of the communication and allow you to get what you want. As selfish as this may sound, this is what everybody is after. ____17____ If you find that a particular technique works for you, go ahead and use it.Myth 2: You can spot a lie through body language.Over the years there have been many claims that certain non-verbal signals show that a person is lying. These gestures and non-verbal signals are now well-known, such as touching the nose and covering the mouth. However, some researchers have found that these signals don’t directly show that someone is lying. ____18____ Pressure doesn’t necessarily mean that the person is lying; it is only a signal among others.Myth 3: ____19____For a long time, presentation coaches on body language seem to have been advising people that holding their hands behind them is a sign of power. ____20____ Therefore, putting hands behind you with an intention to show off your power is a myth. Generally, when hands are hidden from view, people don’t trust you because they cannot see what you are doing or holding.A. There is no point in denying it.B. Body language is specific to culture.C. All they show is that someone is stressed.D. Research shows that most people find it wrong.E. Putting your hands behind your back shows power.F. The question is whether it is possible to fake body language.G. The following is a list of popular myths and misconceptions.【答案】16. G17. F18. C19. E20. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了关于肢体语言的谬论和误解。【16题详解】上文“Many people suspect the effectiveness of body language. The negative view towards body language is often due to myths(谬论). (许多人怀疑肢体语言的有效性。这种对肢体语言的负面看法往往是由于谬论。)”提到了关于肢体语言的有效性的谬论这一话题，后文详细阐述了这些误解，因此推断G项“The following is a list of popular myths and misconceptions. (以下是一些流行的谬论和误解。)”符合语境，承上启下，符合题意。故选G。【17题详解】由上文“Faking is part of human’s way of life and people seem to be always fascinated with any method that allows them to fake when they need it. Is that wrong? The truth is there is no harm in trying. The aim with body language is to improve the overall quality of the communication and allow you to get what you want. As selfish as this may sound, this is what everybody is after. (伪装是人类生活方式的一部分，人们似乎总是着迷于任何能让他们在需要的时候伪装的方法。这有错吗？事实是，尝试一下并没有坏处。肢体语言的最终目的是提高交流的整体质量，让你得到你想要的。虽然这听起来很自私，但这是每个人都在追求的。)”可知，本空要说跟“伪装肢体语言”有关的话题，故F选项“The question is whether it is possible to fake body language.   (问题是是否有可能伪装肢体语言。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。【18题详解】由下文“Pressure doesn’t necessarily mean that the person is lying; it is only a signal among others. (压力并不一定意味着这个人在撒谎；它只是众多信号中的一个。)”可知，本空要说跟“压力”有关的话题，故C选项“All they indicate is that someone is stressed. (它们所表明的只是某人有压力。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。【19题详解】由下文“For a long time, presentation coaches on body language seem to have been advising people that holding their hands behind them is a sign of power (很长一段时间以来，肢体语言的演讲教练似乎一直在建议人们把手放在身后是一种权力的象征)”可知，本空要说跟“把手放在背后显示权力”的谬论，故E选项“Putting your hands behind your back shows power. (把手放在背后显示权力。)”能概括本段主题，符合题意。故选E。【20题详解】由前文“For a long time, presentation coaches on body language seem to have been advising people that holding their hands behind them is a sign of power (很长一段时间以来，肢体语言的演讲教练似乎一直在建议人们把手放在身后是一种权力的象征)”和下文“Therefore, putting hands behind you with an intention to show off your power is a myth. Generally, when hands are hidden from view, people don’t trust you because they cannot see what you are doing or holding. (因此，把手放在身后是为了展示你的权力是一个谬论。一般来说，当你的手藏起来的时候，人们会变得不信任你，因为他们看不见你在做什么或拿着什么。)”可知，本空与后文为因果关系，说明这是一个谬论，故D选项“Research shows that most people find it wrong. (研究表明，大多数人认为这是错误的。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。We’ve all had them: “It’s been one of those days” days. It starts out ____21____ moves to worse, and then gets horrible. That’s what I was having. As the day wore on, I started preparing dinner. Midway through the recipe, I ____22____ I was out of salt. I jumped into my car, and ____23____ to a neighborhood grocery store. Along with the salt, I ____24____ a few extra things and headed for the checkout stand. There, I wrote the ____25____ for the required $12.51, and the clerk bagged my ____26____.Then I noticed the salt still in the shopping cart. I ____27____ it to the cashier. She ____28____, “Why not just pay for it with cash? It’s only 35 cents.” I ____29____ I’d run out of the house with only a single check and my driver’s license. Then the cashier ____30____ a dollar bill from her pocket and rang up the salt. She even ____31____ I take the change! She explained she ____32____ kept a few singles in her pocket for such emergencies. That ____33____ gesture turned my entire day from frowns to ____34____ . It’s little things like what she did for me that day that truly make this a brighter world, and I’ll always ____35____ her example.21. A. early B. bad C. new D. gradual22. A. realized B. understood C. pretended D. assessed23. A. walked B. ran C. drove D. cycled24. A. picked up B. handed in C. put down D. lived on25. A. recipe B. card C. cash D. check26. A. money B. salt C. dinner D. purchase27. A. took B. carried C. handed D. poured28. A. argued B. joked C. suggested D. blamed29. A. complained B. explained C. suspected D. found30. A. pulled B. paid C. spotted D. switched31. A. ordered B. recommended C. commanded D. insisted32. A. never B. seldom C. always D. already33. A. unique B. abnormal C. identical D. kind34. A. bows B. smiles C. shouts D. nods35. A. adopt B. remember C. evaluate D. present【答案】21. B22. A23. C24. A25. D26. D27. C28. C29. B30. A31. D32. C33. D34. B35. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。短文主要讲述了作者在一天中遇到了一系列不顺的事情，包括忘了买盐，然后在超市遇到了一位善良的收银员，她主动帮助作者支付了盐的钱并且还找了零钱。这个小小的善举让作者的一天变得美好起来，也让作者深受感动，决心效仿这位收银员的榜样。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始很糟糕，然后变得更糟，然后变得可怕。A. early早的；B. bad糟糕的；C. new新的；D. gradual逐渐的。根据空后“moves to worse and then gets horrible”可知，开始很糟糕，变得更糟，然后变得可怕。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：做到一半的时候，我意识到盐用完了。A. realized意识到；B. understood理解；C. pretended假装；D. assessed评估。根据下文“I was out of salt”和“I jumped into my car, and ____3____ to a neighborhood grocery store.”可知，“我”跳进车里，来到附近的杂货店，因为“我”意识到盐用完了。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跳进车里，开到附近的杂货店。A. walked散步；B. ran跑；C. drove开车；D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“I jumped into my car”可知，我跳上车，所以“我”开车到附近的一家杂货店。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：除了盐，我还拿了一些额外的东西，向收银台走去。A. picked up拿起，捡起；B. handed in上交；C. put down放下；D. lived on继续存在。根据空后“a few extra things and headed for the checkout stand”可知，“我”还多拿了几样东西，然后走向收银台。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在收银台前，我开了一张12.51美元的支票，店员把我买的东西装进袋子。A. recipe烹饪法，食谱；B. card卡片；C. cash现金；D. check支票。根据后文“Why not just pay for it with cash? It’s only 35 cents.”和“I’d run out of the house with only a single check and my driver’s license”可知，收银员问“我”为什么不直接用现金支付，我解释说自己只带了一张支票和驾照，说明我开了一张12.51美元的支票，故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里，我写了一张12.51美元的支票，店员把我买的东西装进了袋子。A. money金钱；B. salt盐；C. dinner晚餐；D. purchase购买物品。根据上文“the clerk bagged my”此处指把作者购买的物品装进袋子。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把它递给收银员。A. took带走；B. carried搬运；C. handed递给；D. poured倾倒。根据上文“Then I noticed the salt still in the shopping cart.(然后我注意到盐还在购物车里)”可知，此处指把盐递给收银员。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她建议说:“为什么不用现金支付呢？只要35美分。”A. argued争论；B. joked开玩笑；C. suggested建议；D. blamed指责。根据下文“Why not just pay for it with cash? It’s only 35 cents.”可知，“为什么不用现金支付呢？”这是她的建议。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我解释说我只带了一张支票和我的驾照就跑出了房子。A. complained抱怨；B. explained解释；C. suspected怀疑；D. found发现。根据下文“I’d run out of the house with only a single check and my driver’s license”以及上文提到的收银员问“我”“为什么不用现金支付呢？”可知，下文是“我”不用现金支付的解释。故选B。30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，收银员从口袋里掏出一美元钞票，把盐放在收银机上。A. pulled拉，拔出，抽出，掏出；B. paid支付；C. spotted发现；D. switched打开。根据空后“a dollar bill from her pocket”可知，收银员从口袋里掏出一美元钞票，故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她坚持要我拿走零钱！A. ordered命令；B. recommended推荐；C. commanded命令；D. insisted坚持要求；坚持。根据空后“I take the change”可知，她坚持要“我”拿走零钱。故选D。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她解释说，她总是在口袋里放几张钞票，以备不时之需。A. never从不；B. seldom几乎不；C. always总是；D. already已经。根据后文“kept a few singles in her pocket for such emergencies”指总是在口袋里放几张钞票，以备不时之需。故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个善意的举动让我一整天都从皱眉变成了微笑。A. unique独特的；B. abnormal不正常的；C. identical完全相同的；D. kind善良的。根据下文“It’s little things like what she did for me that day that truly make this a brighter world”可知，正是像她那天为“我”做的这些小事才真正让这个世界变得更加美好，说明这个善意的举动让我一整天都从皱眉变成了微笑。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个善意的举动让我一整天都从皱眉变成了微笑。A. bows鞠躬；B. smiles微笑；C. shouts喊叫；D. nods点头。根据下文“It’s little things like what she did for me that day that truly make this a brighter world”可知，正是像她那天为“我”做的这些小事才真正让这个世界变得更加美好，说明这个善意的举动让我一整天都从皱眉变成了微笑。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：像她那天为我所做的那样的小事，真正使这个世界变得更加光明，我将永远记住她的榜样。A. adopt采用；B. remember记得；C. evaluate评估；D. present赠送。根据上文“It’s little things like what she did for me that day that truly make this a brighter world”可知对方做的事让作者感受到了温暖，所以将永远记得她的榜样。故选B。非选择题部分注意：将答案写在答题卷上。写在本试卷上无效。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。For many young Chinese, being forced to take ____36____ (tradition) Chinese medicine (TCM) to treat a fever or a cough is a bitter childhood memory. But today, the same herbal drinks ____37____ (sell) in stylish cups at drugstores, some of which have installed trendy cafe counters (柜台) to appeal to youngsters who want ____38____ (keep) healthy after late nights in the office or on the dance floor.No longer just connected with the healthy living habits of ____39____ elderly, herbal drinks like suanmeitang and goji berry tea are being welcomed by young ____40____ (consumer) .Last year, a drink ____41____ contained an entire ginseng root in each bottle claimed to reduce the ill effects of ____42____ (stay) up late. It was reported to have received 10,000 orders a day when it hit the Chinese market. “At the height of the season, ____43____ (we) orders reached 800 a day,” said 36-year-oldJiang Xu, the co-founder of a TCM drink chain in Jiangsu province. Jiang used to sell milk tea but ____44____ (turn) to TCM drinks when she noticed that the youngsters were sounding the alarm about overweight. “Compared with milk tea, TCM drinks are _____45_____ (healthy) . It meets the health preservation demand of young people,” Jiang said.【答案】36. traditional37. are sold38. to keep39. the40. consumers41. which##that42. staying43. our44. turned45. healthier【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲现在中药饮品在年轻人中越来越流行了。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：对于许多中国年轻人来说，被迫服用中药治疗发烧或咳嗽是一段痛苦的童年记忆。修饰名词medicine应用形容词traditional，故填traditional。【37题详解】考查时态语态。句意：但如今，同样的草药饮料在药店的时尚杯子里出售，其中一些药店安装了时尚的咖啡柜台，以吸引那些想在深夜呆在办公室或舞池里保持健康的年轻人。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，the same herbal drinks与sell为被动关系，用被动语态；且由today可知，这里时态可用一般现在时。故填are sold。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但如今，同样的草药饮料装在时尚的杯子里，在药店出售，其中一些药店还设立了时尚的咖啡馆柜台，以吸引那些在办公室或舞池熬到深夜后想保持健康的年轻人。短语want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”。故填to keep。【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：酸梅汤、枸杞茶等草药饮料不再仅仅与老年人的健康生活习惯联系在一起，而是受到了年轻消费者的欢迎。此处为the+形容词表示一类人，故填the。【40题详解】考查名词复数。句意：酸梅汤、枸杞茶等草药饮料不再仅仅与老年人的健康生活习惯联系在一起，而是受到了年轻消费者的欢迎。分析句子可知，consumer表“消费者”，为可数名词，而此空应用名词复数形式表示泛指。故填consumers。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：去年，一种每瓶含有一整根人参的饮料声称可以减少熬夜的不良影响。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词a drink为物，在从句中作主语，所以此空应用关系代词which或者that。故填which/that。【42题详解】考查非谓语。句意：去年，一种每瓶含有一整根人参的饮料声称可以减少熬夜的不良影响。分析句子可知，介词 of 后应用动名词作宾语。故填staying。【43题详解】考查代词。句意：江苏省一家中药饮料连锁店的联合创始人、36岁的姜旭表示:“在旺季，我们每天的订单达到800份。”修饰名词orders应用形容词性物主代词our。故填our。【44题详解】考查时态。句意：姜女士以前是卖奶茶的，但当她注意到年轻人对超重发出警告时，她转向了中药饮料。根据后文noticed可知发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填turned。【45题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：姜说：“与奶茶相比，中药饮料更健康。它满足了年轻人的养生需求。”由Compared with milk tea以及句意可知，这里指中药饮料更健康。故填healthier。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46. 假定你是李华，上周你提交了一篇名人传记的英文书评，但得分低于预期，你认为值得更高的分数。请你给外教Mr. Jones写一封邮件说明情况，内容包括：1.给出理由；2.期待反馈。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Mr. Jones,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Mr. Jones,Last week, I submitted an English book review of celebrity biographies, but the score was lower than expected. I think it is worth higher scores. My reasons are as follows.Firstly, the celebrity I spent the whole afternoon writing was Qian Xuesen, who made contributions to the national aviation industry. What’s more, the content of my writing is straightforward and easy to understand. Last but not least, I polished up the book review so carefully after writing it that I corrected some of the mistakes in grammar and spelling. How I hope you can reconsider the score of my book review and give me some feedback. Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于上周你提交了一篇名人传记的英文书评，但得分低于预期，你认为值得更高的分数这一事情，给外教Mr. Jones写一封邮件说明情况。【详解】1.词汇积累贡献：contributions→ dedications此外：What’s more→ Besides修改：polish up→ modify重新考虑：reconsider→ think twice2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Last week, I submitted an English book review of celebrity biographies, but the score was lower than expected. 拓展句：Last week, I submitted an English book review of celebrity biographies whose score was lower than expected.【点睛】【高分句型1】Firstly, the celebrity I spent the whole afternoon writing was Qian Xuesen, who made contributions to the national aviation industry.（运用了关系代词who引导的定语从句。）【高分句型2】Last but not least, I polished up the book review so carefully after writing it that I corrected some of the mistakes in grammar and spelling.（运用了连词so…that…引导的结果状语从句。）第二节（满分25分）47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。December strode (阔步走) into the mountains of Colorado, shooting snowflakes and blowing them into a thick blanket of white. As Christmas approached, the farmers there closed down most wooden houses for a holiday cheer. Not all were closed, however. There was still work to be done, and someone had to stay. That someone was Slim Carter.Old Jake, another farmer there, had offered to keep him company, but Slim shook his head. “After all, a young man like me has got plenty of Christmases ahead,” Slim joked. Before Jake offered to stay again, Slim hurried on. “I’ll just have a private Christmas this year, and that’s the way I want it.” So he was left alone at the house. Alone, with his horse in the farm and the wolves roaring in the forest nearby.Truth was, Slim had decided not to celebrate Christmas at all. It wasn’t that he didn’t like Christmas. In fact, his Christmas memories were good ones. His mother would fill their house with the light of candles and the smell of candy. His father would make their Christmas tree hunt an all-day, men-only affair. Slim smiled as he remembered sitting on the broad back of their horse with the freshly cut tree along behind. Back home, they would cover the tree with paper snowflakes and homemade decorations and sing all the Christmas songs they knew. And that’s the way he liked it. Those were the memories he pulled out on nights when he was working alone. Such memories warmed him inside, even if his outsides were aching with cold.This was Slim’s first year away from home. “Christmas is nothing if not spent with family,” Slim declared to the empty house. That was the real reason he’d sent Jake away. He figured he would handle Christmas better if he just pretended it was an ordinary winter workday.But on Christmas Eve, as Slim headed back with snow beneath his feet and stars overhead, his head hung low. It was Christmas, even without the tree and the gifts. Christmas, and he was all alone.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Then he remembered decorating the tree with his family again._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________While singing to his decorated Christmas tree, Slim heard a knock on the door._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Then he remembered decorating the tree with his family again. Then Slim changed his mind, and decided to have a simple Christmas. He went out, looking for a Christmas tree. He swung an axe at the tree. The tree fell! After doing this, he shouldered the tree and walked towards the farm. On the way back, he heard many Christmas songs, which made him happy. After he returned to the farm, he put stars on the top of the tree, hung colored balls on the tree, and decorated the Christmas tree. While singing to his decorated Christmas tree, Slim heard a knock on the door. He opened the door and was surprised to see old Jay. Old Jack was covered with snow. Jack went into the house and said to Slim, “I felt lonely this day, so I decided to come back and spend this Christmas with you. May I?”. Slim listened and shed tears of gratitude. So the two lonely people spent a happy and unforgettable Christmas together.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了随着圣诞节临近，农民们关闭了大部分的木屋来庆祝节日。然而，必须有人留下来，那个人就是斯利姆·卡特。老杰克是那里的另一个农民，他提出要和他作伴，但是斯利姆拒绝了。斯利姆已经决定不庆祝圣诞节。【详解】1.段落续写①由第一段句首内容“然后他又想起了和家人一起装饰圣诞树的情景。”可知，第一段可以描写他因为想念和家人一起装饰圣诞树的情景，而改变主意，决定过圣诞节，并且自己装饰圣诞树的过程。②由第二段句首内容“正当他对着装饰好的圣诞树唱歌时，斯利姆听到了敲门声。”可知，第二段可以描写他看到杰克的到来，二人一起过圣诞节。2.续写线索：想起和家人一起过圣诞——改变主意——得到圣诞树——装饰——听到敲门声——看到杰克——一起过3.词汇激活行为类①改变主意：change one’s mind/ change one’s idea②决定：decide/ make up one’s mind③寻找：look for/ search for情绪类①高兴的：happy/joyful/delighted②惊讶的：surprised/ amazed【点睛】【高分句型1】He went out, looking for a Christmas tree. (运用了现在分词looking作状语)【高分句型2】After doing this, he shouldered the tree and walked towards the farm. (运用了动名词doing作宾语)【高分句型3】On the way back, he heard many Christmas songs, which made him happy. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)