专题06 阅读理解记叙文 -高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考通用）

专题06 阅读理解记叙文目录 TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898652" 题型综述 2 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898652" 解题攻略 3 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898653" 题型01 细节事实题 3 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898654" 题型02 推理判断题 4 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898655" 题型03 词句猜测题 6 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898656" 题型04 主旨大意题 8 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898657" 高考练场  PAGEREF _Toc148898657 \h 12题型简介记叙文阅读理解通常分为传记类、游记类和故事类。主要考查作者通过写人、叙事所表达出来的某种观点、认识或情感。记叙文描述的是具体事情的发生、发展和结局，通常包含时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。有些文章按事件发展经过为主线叙述，有些则按时间顺序叙述，包括顺叙、倒叙等。夹叙夹议类文章往往蕴含作者或文中人物的多种情感，如喜悦、悲伤、愤怒、希望等，能引起读者的情感共鸣。命题类型细节理解题：考查学生对文章中具体事实和细节的理解能力。词义猜测题：要求学生根据上下文推断生词或短语的含义。主旨大意题：考查学生对文章中心思想或主要观点的把握。推理判断题：考查学生根据文章内容进行逻辑推理和判断的能力。作者意图题：考查学生对作者写作目的和态度的理解。解题思路顺藤摸瓜：按照文章脉络和故事发展顺序，一题一题地解答细节题，不漏掉任何细节。左顾右盼：在做题过程中，如果找不到与题干一字不差的词语或句子，需要通过上下文语境进行同义替换，找到正确答案。把握文章结构：记叙文一般可以分为事实记叙和想象记叙，注意文章的基本结构，如5W要素（what, who, when, where, why），这有助于理解文章和回答问题。理解故事脉络：弄明白整件事情的发展脉络，这对于解答细节题和推理判断题至关重要。把握寓意：对于哲理故事或逸闻趣事，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义或风趣性，这有助于解答主旨大意题和作者意图题。题型01 细节事实题 细节题几乎是每一篇记叙文阅读理解中都会出现的题型，围绕文章主题考查学生对具体信息点的理解。一篇文章必然是由许多具体的细节、具体的内容构成的，所有这些信息以某种顺序(时间、空间、情感变化等)排列起来，来进一步解释或阐释主题，体现文章的主旨大意。细节理解题目主要考查学生对文章具体事实和细节的理解能力，属于表层理解题范畴，难度较小，但在整个阅读理解题中所占比例最大，细节理解题多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目。包括三种题型：1.直接事实题；2.间接事实题；3. 数据推算。 在做直接事实题时，要抓住题干文字信息，采用针对性方法进行阅读，因为这类题的答案在文章中可以直接找到。做间接事实题时，需要结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断或者要进行简单的计算。数据推算题要求学生就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文中其他信息的关系做简单计算和推断。在做此类题时：1.要抓住并正确理解与数据有关的信息含义。2.弄清众多信息中那些属于有用信息，那些属于干扰信息。3.不要孤立看待数字信息，而要抓住一些关键用语的意义。My senior year at Westfield High School was supposed to be the best year of my life. Instead, it turned into a lesson about friendship that I would never forget.My best friend, Emily, and I had been inseparable since middle school. But as graduation approached, the stress of exams and college applications began to weigh heavily on us. Emily and I became distant because of the different classes. I was focused on getting into a top university, while Emily was more interested in enjoying our last year together and having a better friend. Our differing goals led to disagreements, and soon enough, we started to argue over the smallest things.One day, things reached a boiling point. We had a huge fight over a group project. Days turned into weeks, and our friendship seemed beyond repair. We avoided each other at school and stopped sitting together at lunch. Our friends tried to help, but neither of us was willing to make the first move. The silence between us was deafening, and I missed her more than I wanted to admit.It wasn’t until our English teacher assigned us to work together on a final presentation that we were forced to confront each other. At first, we worked in tense silence. But as we spent more time together, the ice began to melt. One evening, as we were finishing up our project, Emily broke the silence. “I miss us,” she said softly. “I miss you, too,” I admitted, feeling a lump in my throat. “I’m sorry for being so hard on you. I just wanted everything to be perfect.” “I’m sorry too,” Emily replied. “I should have been more understanding.  We’re both stressed, but we shouldn’t let it ruin our friendship.” We hugged, and at that moment, it felt like a weight had been lifted off my shoulders............21．What caused the initial tension between the author and Emily?A．Conflicts over college applications.B．Differences in academic performance.C．Different approaches to their group project.D．Varied priorities about their final year.22．What made them restore their friendship?A．Their friends’ assistance. B．A school teacher’s intervention.C．Working on a school project together. D．Taking a timely break from each other.题型02 推理推断题 推理题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。这类题旨在考查学生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力，属于深层理解题。推断题是属于难度较高的一类题型，需要学生在理解原文字面意思的基础上，通过分析语篇内在逻辑和理解其中的细节内容的暗示，理解文章深层意义和隐含意义，然后作出一定的推理判断，切忌凭空猜想，而要以原文内容为依据，对文章信息细致分析、深入挖掘，揭示其深层含义，同时也要注意避免过度推断。此类题的设问常常包括infer, imply, suggest, conclude 等词，这类题的设问方式主要有：1. We can infer from the passage that __________.2. What / Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?3. It can be inferred / concluded (from Paragraph 3) that __________.4. The author suggests / The writer implies in this paragraph that __________.5. On the whole / From the text / After reading the passage, we can conclude that __________.6. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?7. The author is inclined to think that __________.8. When the writer talks about, what he really means is that __________.9. What’s the writer’s attitude / feeling towards...?10. In the writer’s opinion,...区间定位是快速定位的重要手段之一，使用区间定位能够帮助学生在没有完全读懂原文的情况下尽可能答对较多的题。I first saw the earth — the whole earth from the shuttle Challenger in 1984. The view takes your breath away and fills you with childlike wonder. That’s why every shuttle crew has to clean nose prints off their space raft’s windows several times a day.An incredibly beautiful tapestry (织锦) of blue and white, tan, black and green seems to glide beneath you at an elegant, stately pace. But you are actually going so fast that the entire map of the world spins before your eyes with each 90-minute orbit. After just one or two laps, you feel, maybe for the first time like a citizen of a planet. All the colors and patterns you see — the visible evidence of the complex working of the natural systems that make our planet habitable — seem both vast and precise, powerful and yet somehow fragile.You see volcanoes spewing smoke, hurricanes roiling the oceans and even fine tendrils’ of Saharan dust reaching across the Atlantic.You also see the big, gray smudges of fields, paddies and pastures, and at night you marvel at the lights, like brilliant diamonds, that reveal a mosaic of cities, roads and coastlines — impressive signs of the hand of humanity. Scientists tell us that our hand is heavy, that we are wiping out of other species at an unprecedented rate and probably transforming our climate.Will the immense power of global systems withstand the impact of humanity? Or is it possible that our collective actions will change the nature of our planet enough to cripple its ability to support life?I no longer believe that we can wait for all the scientific data needed to answer these questions conclusively. We must recognize immediately what it means to be citizens of this planet.It means accepting the obligation to be the stewards of the earth’s life-giving capacities. As homeowners, we wouldn’t neglect or damage our houses until they weren’t fit to live in. Why would we do that with our planet?1．What’s the main function of Paragraph 3?A．Providing data for the writer’s argument. B．Summarizing the main idea of the text.C．Setting the stage for further discussion. D．Introducing different ideas on human impact.2．According to the last paragraph, which of the following statement does the writer agree with?A．It’s not clear what humans can do to natureB．We must act now to take care of nature before it’s too lateC．Human beings are not the only creature of the earthD．The earth is strong enough to support more lives.题型03 词义、句义猜测题 词义猜测阅读理解题考查对文中关键词语的理解，旨在考查学生根据上下文推断词汇和短语的能力，包括超纲词义、熟词生义、代词的指代关系、俗语、特殊表达等，因此学生不仅需要加强语境中的理解推断能力，也需要在平时注意积累和扩大词汇量。此类题的设问方式主要有：1.The word “...” in Line...means/can be replaced by...2.As used in the passage, the phrase “...” suggests...3.From the passage, we can infer that the word/phrase “...” is/referred to...4.The word “...” is closest in meaning to...猜词是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中常用的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词、语法、定义、同位、对比、此类题目可以采用以下几种方法：1. 利用构词法；2. 联系上下文语境；3. 代入法。词义推断题有时候可以同时运用构词法、语境和代入法，短语的语义高度依赖上下文内容和逻辑。The Sewing Machine Project covers a basic yet necessary need of many impoverished people around the world. For them, sewing can be a tool for survival. Whether in a factory or at home, a sewing machine can be the door to brighter financial opportunities. A sewing machine can also enable many to preserve their cultural identity. After Hurricane Katrina occurred in 2005, a community of New Orleans that wears skillfully-made suits for their own traditional festival lost many of their sewing machines. Since then, the non-profit organization has distributed hundreds of machines among the creators of the costumes, helping them maintain their tradition as well as their income.19．What does the underlined word “impoverished” in paragraph 4 mean?A．uneducated. B．badly-off. C．exhausted. D．pessimistic.They told me I was fragile (脆弱的), and so I became fragile. I was in middle school then. It felt as if my body had been taken away from me. They put me in a combination swing- dance-and-painting-class instead. But the doctors never said no cycling, and for a brief moment in central Texas, biking became more popular than football, which saved my social life. I still believe that the speed, the wind and the blood in the ears on a silent street can do that to my body—bring it back to life once again.14．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?A．The author’s energy got restored. B．The author’s figure got reshaped.C．The author’s body became flexible. D．The author’s mind became strong.题型04 主题理解或写作意图推断题 写作意图题要求考生在理解文章主旨的基础上明白作者的言外之意,找到作者的写作意图。题干中常有 purpose, in order to 等词。不同体裁文章的写作意图不同。故事类记叙文的目的通常是娱乐读者(to entertain)；广告类应用文的目的一般是推销产品或服务(to advertise);议论文的目的是要阐述论点(to argue/persuade);科普、文化类说明文的目的大多是介绍知识（to inform)。这类题型经常考查短文的标题(title, headline)；短文或段落的主题(subject)；中心思想(main idea)；作者的写作目的(purpose)。此类题的设问方式:1.What would be the best title for the text?2.What does the second paragraph mainly discuss?3.What is the passage mainly about?4.The main purpose of announcing the above events is __________.做写作意图题有两种方法：一是主旨推断法：根据文章或段落的主旨推断作者的写作意图。二是文体推断法：根据文体的特点来推断。Africa-bound! And only seven hours left of a 19-hour flight before I would arrive in South Africa for my third volunteer trip in three years. But this time it was different. I’d be there alone for a whole year, without friends or family. Plus, I had one challenge other volunteers fighting AIDS in Africa didn’t have — I was in a wheelchair.At eight years old, I was paralyzed (瘫痪的) from the waist down in a car accident. I spent months in a hospital, learning how to use a wheelchair, how to get up from the floor and how to dress myself. Basically how to live my life as independently as possible.After graduation from college, I made a year- long commitment to Lily of the Valley Children’s Village, outside Mophela, South Africa, where 90 percent of the children are infected with HIV. I would see to the kids’ medical needs and teach math and English.Those first few weeks were hard, harder than anything I had done before. I forced myself to keep trying. I needed to prove myself. But how could I tell if I was doing any good?One night, a big storm hit. I rolled out of my cottage the next morning and my chair lurched (突然倾斜), the wheels sinking into mud. I grasped the wheels tight and pushed hard. The chair wouldn’t move.All of my worst worries seemed to be coming true. I was stuck, hopelessly stuck. Out of the corner of my eye, I saw children running toward me. Two of the oldest grabbed the handlebars and the others pushed me forward.The wheels came free. The kids shouted with delight.When I said “Thank you!”, they laughed, “You help us. We help you.”That echoed in my ears all day. The next morning, the kids were waiting to push me through the mud to homework club.And the day after that, it became our little routine. The more they helped me, the easier it got to help them. The kids and I bonded. I wasn’t alone during my year in Africa. Not at all. I had reached out to the people I was assisting, and they, in turn, became my support. I was aware, more than ever, that anyone, even in a wheelchair, can make a difference.27．What was the turning point in the author’s relationship with the children?A．The children’s voluntary assistance.B．The author’s initial arrival in the village.C．The author’s first teaching session.D．The author’s struggle with the wheelchair.28．What is the main idea of the passage?A．The struggle of adapting to a new environment.B．The transformative power of mutual support.C．The challenges of living with a physical disability.D．The impact of education on poor children.I live in Xizhou in Yunnan Province, on the historic Tea Horse Road. I have to admit that when I first heard that Paul Salopek was going to walk the entire globe on his own two feet, I was blown away. I couldn’t imagine that there could be such an unusual person in the world.Last May, I met Paul. He told me that it was his first time in China. He talked to me with great excitement about the history, migrations, and discoveries in my region of China. He spoke of the Shu Yandu Dao (the Southern Silk Road), the travels of the 17th-century Chinese explorer Xu Xiake, the Tea Horse Road and the early 20th-century American botanist Joseph Rock. He also talked of Xuanzang. Paul considered many of them heroes and in a sense Chinese pioneers of slow journalism.I decided to accompany Paul on his walk toward Yunnan. On September 28, 2021, we set out. Our days were simple: walk, eat, sleep, and repeat. We woke up at sunrise, set off in high spirits, and rested at sunset, dragging ourselves into exhausted sleep.We met many people on the road. Some were curious, surrounding us and watching us; some gave us directions; some invited us into their home to take a rest; some spoke of the charm of their hometown. We met many beautiful souls, simple souls and warm souls. We were walking with our minds.Together, we were impressed by the biodiversity of the Gaoligong Mountains. As I walked on ancient paths through mountains, I seemed to hear the antique voices of past travelers urging me to be careful on the road.Looking back on the more than 200 miles I walked with Paul, I came to a realization. Walking for its own sake, while healthy and admirable, is only a small part of the benefit of moving with our feet. A deeper reward is rediscovering the world around us, shortening the distance between each other, and sharing each other’s cultures.56．What is the main purpose of the writer’s writing the text?A．To share and reflect on a journey.B．To suggest a new way of travel.C．To advocate protection of biodiversity.D．To introduce and promote Chinese culture.For 44 years, rain or shine, Emily Thompson woke up, put on her uniform and went to work as a zookeeper at Wildwood Zoo. “I'm lucky to have worked in a place that has given me so much pleasure,” says the 65-year-old Emily enthusiastically. “The zoo is like a miniature reflection of life. There are births, deaths and marriages, along with a mix of amazing, happy, and sad events.  But you deal with what's in front of you and move on because other animals are relying on you.”Emily's ambition to become a zookeeper started as a teenager. She was inspired by the well-known conservationist and TV presenter Ethan Marlowe's animal books. She still remembers her first-ever job interview with Benjamin Adams, the then zoo curator (馆长), who kindly told her to get some more life experience first. Two years later, after working as a Karitane nurse and completing an animal science course, she was delighted when Benjamin got in touch to offer her a zookeeper job in 1979. Throughout her working journey, one of the most memorable responsibilities for Emily was caring for chimpanzee Janie, with whom she shared a deep bond. Another highlight was being part of 12 seasons on the popular television series The Zoo, which followed keepers and animals behind the scenes during their day-to-day life. “I remember when I was first recognized at the supermarket after work in my uniform,” she recalls, “I had no idea who they were, but then I realized they had seen me from the show. It was brilliant publicity for the zoo.” Filming also took Emily to Sumatra in 2010, where she experienced Wildwood Zoo-supported conservation efforts with animals in the wild.  Despite Emily's love for the job, her body slowing down convinced her it was time to retire. Now with more time on her hands, she is considering sharing her knowledge as a lecturer. Whatever the future holds, one thing is for sure. Emily definitely hasn't said goodbye to her beloved Wildwood Zoo for good. 60．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．Bonding with Chimpanzee: A Zookeeper's RoleB．From Beginner to Expert: A Zookeeper's GrowthC．Behind the Scenes: A Zookeeper's Life on TelevisionD．Decades of Joy and Devotion: A Zookeeper's Journey（2024·新高考卷I阅读理解B篇）“I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.”24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him?A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude.25. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets?A. He was trained in it at university. B. He was inspired by another veterinarian.C. He benefited from it as a patient. D. He wanted to save money for pet owners.26. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work.C. Examples of rare animal diseases. D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine.27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association?A. To prove Farber’s point. B. To emphasize its importance.C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection.（2024·新高考卷II阅读理解B篇）Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read? Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed. Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least. “You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works. Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.”Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks so. “At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says. And you’ll never be without something to read.4. Why did BART start the kiosk program?A. To promote the local culture. B. To discourage phone use.C. To meet passengers’ needs. D. To reduce its running costs.5. How are the stories categorized in the kiosk?A. By popularity. B. By length.C. By theme. D. By language.6. What has Trost been doing recently?A. Organizing a story contest. B. Doing a survey of customers.C. Choosing a print publisher. D. Conducting interviews with artists.7. What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future?A. It will close down. B. Its profits will decline.C. It will expand nationwide. D. Its ridership will increase.（2023·新高考卷I阅读理解B篇）When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.Over the years John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.25. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.26. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.27. What is the basis for John’s work?A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.（2023·新高考卷II阅读理解B篇）Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”24. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo?A. She used to be a health worker. B. She grew up in a low-income family.C. She owns a fast food restaurant. D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.25. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program?A. The kids’ parents distrusted her. B. Students had little time for her classes.C. Some kids disliked garden work. D. There was no space for school gardens.26. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program?A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable.C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable.27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country LifeC. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local LandscapeA【来源】安徽省合肥市普通高中六校联盟2024-2025学年高三上学期期中联考英语试题Monica Bertagnolli is an oncologist (肿瘤学家) at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and a professor of surgery at Harvard Medical School. Growing up in Wyoming, she was well aware of the lack of health care resources in rural areas. Access to in-depth care for cancer patients is hard to get. She’s worked throughout her career to change that.In Wyoming, there’s a great distance to travel between where people live and where they can find a cancer specialist. “If you need treatments and they have to be administered every day, and if it’s 120 miles from where you live, that ends up being a huge barrier to receiving the kind of care you need.”And now Monica serves as the vice president of the Coalition (联盟) of Cancer Cooperative Groups (CCCG) — an international network of individuals who work to improve the quality of life and survival of cancer patients by increasing participation in cancer clinical trials.She said, “One of the really important things is, we’re trying to make sure that cancer clinical trials can get to every single patient who needs them in my own state.” The coalition set up sites in northern and southern Wyoming that are able to run clinical trials. Before those trials became available, patients would usually go to Denver or Salt Lake City — a three-to-seven-hour drive.Monica’s efforts to increase access to the health care needs of her rural Wyoming patients also include helping to develop new policies that will allow patients to participate in more clinical trials, and linking them with a regional doctor who can get them the access to the care they need.In addition to the clinical trials, Monica said that technology’s progress like better cell phone and internet service in the mountains of Wyoming, as well as social media, has helped rural residents stay in touch with loved ones and medical professionals despite their distance. She is trying to advocate strongly for those changes to continue.“I still consider myself part of Wyoming and I am very devoted to making sure that patients can get access to care.”1．What do rural cancer patients in Wyoming need most?A．Better housing. B．Medical treatment.C．Further education. D．Public transportation.2．How has Monica helped the cancer patients?A．By training medical professionals. B．By advocating financial aid.C．By improving internet service. D．By offering clinical trials.3．Which of the following can best describe Monica?A．Determined and loyal. B．Honest and generous.C．Dedicated and responsible. D．Grateful and courageous.4．What is a suitable title for the text?A．A helper for cancer patients B．A push for progressC．A pioneer for cancer treatment D．A hope for cancer patientsB【来源】河南名校大联考2024-2025学年高三上学期毕业班阶段性测试英语试题Canadian violinist Adrian Anantawan just wants to make music. But when he performs, the audience isn’t just hearing the beautiful sounds from his violin, they are hearing the sounds of inclusion and inspiration. That’s because Anantawan was born without the right hand and most of his right forearm, which could have prevented him from becoming a musician, but this has not stopped him from following his dreams. “A lot of times, we let fear get in the way of trying anything,” Anantawan said. “For me, my story has always been a result of just trying something, being okay with failure, and then just seeing what the results are. In my case, it’s really just beautiful, expressive music.”However, the road to becoming a musician wasn’t smooth for him. He went from being refused by music teachers who couldn’t think out of the box to studying with giants, like Itzhak Perlman and Pinchas Zukerman. But it didn’t happen overnight. Finding the right instrument to play was also difficult. In elementary school, his music teacher wanted him to play the recorder but he didn’t have enough fingers to play. Then the trumpet was recommended but Anantawan wasn’t moved by the sound. He really wanted to play the violin. After many rejections, he finally found a teacher, Peggy Hills, and learned to play with his left hand. But holding the bow was still a barrier until a special adaptation was made for him at a hospital in Toronto. “From the very first note I played, I was really attracted to the sound and the connection of my body to the instrument and being able to express my imagination,” Anantawan said. Now, Anantawan is an associate professor at the Berklee College of Music. His goal is to ensure that people who have challenges feel like they have choices in finding ways to express themselves, as he did through music. “My duty and job is to use this platform in some way to show folks what a person with a visible disability can do. And you never know who’s watching in the audience or who will be moved to make a change in their lives,” he said.5．What can be known about Adrian Anantawan from paragraph 1?A．He is a natural performer. B．He has been disabled since birth.C．He got inspiration from the audience. D．He once found it hard to face barriers.6．Why are Itzhak Perlman and Pinchas Zukerman mentioned?A．They helped Anantawan a lot.B．They were willing to accept new ideas.C．They refused to take Anantawan as a student.D．They recommended Anantawan to learn the trumpet.7．What did Peggy Hills do for Anantawan?A．He accompanied Anantawan in the hospital.B．He adapted the violin bow specially for Anantawan.C．He trained Anantawan how to become more imaginative.D．He guided Anantawan how to play the violin with only one hand.8．What message does the text deliver?A．Music is a world language.B．Actions speak louder than words.C．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.D．Life is too short to waste time regretting.C【来源】2025届湖南省高三上学期九校联盟第一次联考英语试题Growing up on the Guanzhong Plain, He Jing didn’t start mountaineering until 18. Her first climb, in 2006, was in the Qinling Mountains, and it sparked a passion for the sport.In 2012, feeling sad for the loss of her grandmother, He attempted her first mountain over 5,000 meters — Mount Siguniang in Sichuan province. The experience provided her with a sense of peace and relief. “As I approached the summit (顶峰) and saw the rosy light on the snow, I found peace and a release from my inner confusion,” she recalled.Since then, He has been devoted to climbing high-altitude peaks. She summited her first 8,000-meter peak, Mount Cho Oyu, in 2016, using just one bottle of oxygen. Realizing she could handle the extreme altitude (海拔), she decided to attempt future climbs without oxygen, a move partly motivated by cost savings. Climbing without oxygen carries significant risks due to the thin atmosphere at high altitudes. To prepare, He trained strictly, running at least five times a week, climbing 200 flights of stairs with a 20-kilogram load twice weekly, and using an oxygen-restricting mask to simulate high-altitude conditions.“At altitudes above 8,000 meters, the human brain experiences extreme lack of oxygen, and the body becomes sleepy. I kept telling myself not to fall asleep, as I might never wake up again,” she said. Her first successful summit without bottled oxygen came on Sept. 25, 2017, when she reached the top of Mount Manaslu in Nepal.On Oct. 9 this year, she reached the summit of the 8,027-meter Mount Shishapangma in China’s Xizang autonomous region, becoming the first person from China and the third woman in the world to scale all 14 of the world’s peaks over 8,000 meters without the use of additional oxygen.9．What motivated He to attempt her climbing in 2012?A．Her enthusiasm for climbing.B．Her desire to challenge herself.C．Her sorrow for losing her grandmother.D．Her determination to handle the extreme altitude.10．How did He prepare herself for climbing without additional oxygen?A．By running four or five times a week.B．By training in high-altitude conditions.C．By climbing stairs with loads regularly.D．By wearing a mask with adequate oxygen.11．Which of the following words best describe He?A．Energetic and sociable. B．Determined and passionate.C．Demanding and humble. D．Strong-willed and friendly.12．What does He’s experience tell us?A．Look before you leap. B．More haste (匆忙), less speed.C．Every cloud has a silver lining. D．Where there is a will, there is a way.D【来源】河北省部分重点中学2024-2025学年高三上学期12月联合测评英语试题Adams Cassinga has had many identities: refugee (难民) , journalist, mining consultant. And now, defender of wildlife. As a child, he was fascinated by animals — gorillas living in the forests outside his hometown of Bukavu in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) — but his path to conservation was winding. His father, who feared Adams would be taken as a child soldier, sent him to South Africa. In Johannesburg, Adams learnt to survive on the streets while teaching himself English in public libraries. After he was granted official refugee status, he studied journalism and landed his first job working for a local newspaper. While working as an investigative reporter in 2006, Adams was shot three times! Adams changed career paths again, this time to work in the profitable mining industry in South Africa. In this role, he returned years later to the DRC to visit gold mines. One day, while flying to a gold mine in northeastern Congo, Adams saw the wounds of mining operations on the lush forest landscape. He began to think about the beauty of his country’s wild places and the struggle to protect them. After volunteering as an honorary ranger (护林人) , Adams took his wildlife mission one big step further, founding Conserv Congo in 2017. Conserv Congo fights illegal hunting and trafficking (非法交易) through undercover investigations in pursuit of criminals in the illegal wildlife trade. With a team of volunteers including police officers, politicians and students, Adams steals into trafficking networks and conducts organized traps with the authorities. Adams places great value in winning over the hearts and minds of the police officers he works with. “They need to understand the reason behind what we do. We have to transform them into nature lovers. They can only protect what they know and love, ” he says. It also partners with multiple national parks, helping to prevent illegal hunting, training volunteers to patrol the parks with rangers, and buying uniforms and other supplies for rangers. To date, the non-profit has worked on more than 6, 000 criminal cases, rescued hundreds of trafficked animals from chimps to parrots, and seized tons of ivory and pangolin scales.13．What did Adams go through when he arrived in South Africa?A．Civil war. B．Culture shock.C．Language barrier. D．Regional discrimination.14．What motivated Adams to start out on the path of conservation?A．The beautiful scenery of the forest. B．The deep affection for wild animals.C．The gold mine in northeastern Congo. D．The forest destruction caused by mining.15．What is Adams trying to achieve in partnership with the police officers?A．A uniform rule for national parks. B．A comprehensive supply for rangers.C．A scientific system of training volunteers. D．A transformation in attitude towards nature.16．Which words can best describe Adams?A．Rigid and reserved. B．Active and committed.C．Adaptable and humorous. D．Humble and diligent.E【来源】江苏省苏州市2024-2025学年高三年级上学期12月九校联考教学质量调研试题During the summer, Hu Miaokun, a 19-year-old diagnosed with congenital (先天的) deafness at the age of two, experienced a life-altering moment: he received acceptance letters from seven universities. This achievement symbolizes more than a decade of unwavering efforts in a world of silence. Hu, born in 2005 in a village in Macheng, Central China’s Hubei province, has faced various obstacles throughout his life — he lost his father at the age of five and moved in with his grandparents after his mother remarried. However, Hu’s passion for learning always ran high. With the encouragement and support of his family, he enrolled in a school specifically designed for hearing-impaired children. “Adapting to life in a group was tough,” Hu signed. “I had to get used to the new environment, follow new rules, and learn how to interact with others. But over time, these challenges became easier to manage.” Hu recalls how his teachers used various tailored techniques and tools to support student learning. These included multimedia lessons, hearing aids, speech recognition devices, and other assistive technologies, all designed to make learning more accessible. After completing middle school, Hu continued his education at a specialized high school in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei province. The school offered a broader curriculum, including English. However, for students with hearing and speech impairments, learning a foreign language can be particularly difficult. While many of his peers had some basic knowledge of the language and were exposed to English through songs, movies, and everyday conversations, Hu had no prior exposure, making the task even more daunting. “For me, the key to learning English is through reading, writing, and translation,” Hu signed. He created a detailed study plan and adhered to it, learning to prioritize his tasks and manage his time effectively. This year, Hu Miaokun took the national college entrance examination, or gaokao. His hard work paid off. Since May, Hu Miaokun has received acceptance letters from all seven universities to which he applied. Ultimately, Hu Miaokun decided to pursue product design at his dream school, Tianjin University of Technology. With ambitions of becoming a 3D designer specializing in product modeling, he is now focusing on mastering various modeling software, such as 3ds Max and Adobe Illustrator. “I’m deeply thankful to my aunt and everyone who has supported me,” Hu Miaokun signed. “I will continue to work hard in my studies and, in the future, use my skills to inspire and assist others.”17．What does the underlined word “unwavering” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A．Modest. B．Ambitious. C．Tolerant. D．Determined.18．By mentioning English, the author intends to ________.A．recommend the key to learning B．show the barriers Hu encounteredC．highlight the importance of English D．promote daily interactions in English19．What do we know about Hu Miaokun?A．He refused to follow new rules.B．He failed to adapt to his school life.C．He was junior to his classmates in learning.D．He was into learning despite many difficulties.20．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．“Deaf” Teenagers in a World of SilenceB．“Silent” but Not Silent: Hu Miaokun’s Sad StoryC．Hearing-disadvantaged Teen’s Journey to University SuccessD．A Teenager’s Battle Against Silence: From Struggle to Survival