专题02 句子扩写的秘诀 讲义+练习

这是一份专题02 句子扩写的秘诀 讲义+练习，共8页。试卷主要包含了 瑞秋很惊讶，她向后跳了起来， 瑞秋叹了口气，盯着她看， 我年轻的时候有过， 瑞秋怀疑地说了好几遍等内容，欢迎下载使用。
利用同位语扩充句子
同位语主要使用名词短语和同位语从句。
例句1：She saw her husband.（她看到了她的丈夫。）
There, she saw her husband, a man staring at her, wearing an expressin f relief.（在那里，她看到了她的丈夫，一个正盯着她看的男人，带着宽慰的表情。）
例句2：I met a friend.（我遇到了一个朋友。）
I met a friend, an ld classmate frm high schl, wh still remembered the gd ld days.（我遇到了一个朋友，一个高中时的老同学，他还记得那些美好的旧时光。）
例句3：He is a scientist.（他是一个科学家。）
He is a scientist, a brilliant researcher in the field f artificial intelligence, knwn fr his grundbreaking wrk.（他是一个科学家，一个在人工智能领域杰出的研究人员，以他的开创性工作而闻名。）
解释：通过添加同位语，可以更具体地描述句子中的名词，使句子更加生动和具体。
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利用状语扩充句子
添加的状语可以是副词、非谓语动词、介词短语和状语从句等。
例句1：Jane walked n.（简继续走。）
Jane walked n fr quite a lng time.（简继续走了很长时间。）
With n path t fllw, Jane walked n fr quite a lng time.（因为无路可循，简继续走了很长时间。）
例句2：He left the rm.（他离开了房间。）
He left the rm quietly.（他悄悄地离开了房间。）
He left the rm quietly, hping nt t disturb anyne.（他悄悄地离开了房间，希望不要打扰任何人。）
例句3：She laughed.（她笑了。）
She laughed ludly.（她大声笑了。）
She laughed ludly, as if she had never been happier.（她大声笑了，仿佛她从未如此开心过。）
解释：通过添加状语，可以更具体地描述动作发生的时间、地点、方式或原因，使句子更加生动。
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利用定语扩充句子
定语扩句的主要方式是使用形容词、非谓语动词、介词短语和定语从句等。
例句1：His mther wrks in a big cmpany.（他母亲在一家大公司工作。）
His lving mther, wh used t be an excellent English teacher in a middle schl, nw wrks in a big cmpany.（他的慈母，曾经是一名优秀的中学英语老师，现在在一家大公司工作。）
例句2：The bk is n the table.（书在桌子上。）
The thick bk, which I brrwed frm the library yesterday, is n the table.（那本厚厚的书，我昨天从图书馆借的，现在在桌子上。）
例句3：The car stpped.（车停了。）
The ld car, which had been running fr years, finally stpped.（那辆旧车，跑了多年后，终于停了下来。）
解释：通过添加定语，可以更具体地描述名词的特征、属性或背景，使句子内容更丰富。
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递进式扩充句子
对于先后发生的两个或多个连贯动作，可以采用递进式。主要方式有：（1）用“and”连接；（2）用“after that”“additinally”“furthermre”“what’s mre”“t make things wrse”等。
例句1：Mac then jumped ff the bicycle.（然后麦克从自行车上跳了下来。）
Mac then jumped ff the bicycle and he was ready t fight against the wlf.（麦克从自行车上跳下来，准备跟狼搏斗。）
例句2：She finished her hmewrk.（她完成了作业。）
She finished her hmewrk and then went t the library t study.（她完成了作业，然后去图书馆学习。）
例句3：He pened the dr.（他打开了门。）
He pened the dr and welcmed the guests with a warm smile.（他打开门，微笑着迎接客人。）
解释：通过递进式结构，可以更清晰地描述一系列连贯的动作，使句子更具逻辑性和连贯性。
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转折式扩充句子
表示转折的有“but”“hwever”等。
例句1：Jane kept mving.（简继续往前走。）
Jane kept mving, but the farther she walked, the mre cnfused she became.（简继续往前走，但她走得越远，就越感到困惑。）
例句2：He wanted t g t the party.（他想去参加聚会。）
He wanted t g t the party, but he had a lt f wrk t finish.（他想去参加聚会，但他还有很多工作要做。）
例句3：She was tired.（她很累。）
She was tired, but she still managed t stay up late t finish her prject.（她很累，但她还是熬夜完成了她的项目。）
解释：通过转折结构，可以表达句子中的对比或意外情况，使句子更具戏剧性和深度。
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因果式扩充句子
除了引导原因状语从句和结果状语从句的连词外，还有“due t”“wing t”“n accunt f”“because f”“as a result f”等表示原因，“therefre”“as a result”等表示结果。
例句1：He has brken his leg.（他摔坏了腿。）
He has brken his leg and therefre he can’t walk.（他摔坏了腿，因此不能走路了。）
例句2：She was late.（她迟到了。）
She was late because f the heavy traffic.（她因为交通拥堵迟到了。）
例句3：The prject failed.（项目失败了。）
The prject failed due t insufficient funding.（项目因为资金不足而失败了。）
解释：通过因果结构，可以清晰地表达事件之间的逻辑关系，使句子更具说服力和逻辑性。
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综合演练：
It was an Art lessn. Rachel sat at the desk watching her classmates busy preparing the water jars and paints. She understd why Mrs. Westn asked her t sit dwn and gt Lisa t fetch everything fr her. It was always a disaster when Rachel tried t d Art!
Rachel sighed and reached ut t dip her brush in sme black paint and—h, n! She kncked ver the jar. The water spread acrss the desk and drwned the paper. Lisa called Mrs. Westn t see what Rachel had dne. Rachel went red in the face. She jumped t her feet t get a clth. Her chair fell ver backwards. She turned rund and her paintbrush caught Lisa acrss the face, giving her a black mustache. Lisa was s surprised that she fell back against a wire bkstand. It came crashing dwn and the bks went all ver the flr.
Hw clumsy! Rachel thught as she went hme n the bus. The bus stpped utside her huse. She jumped up and her elbw (肘部) kncked a wman’s hat right ver her eyes. Oh, n! Rachel said srry, gt ff and ran indrs. Mum wasn’t in the kitchen but lay in bed as she caught an awful cld. Rachel ffered t make a cup f tea but Mum wuld rather wait fr Dad. Rachel sighed. She understd Mum was afraid she wuld spill (溅出) it.
“But wuld yu g t Mrs. Willw fr sme cld cure?” asked Mum. Rachel turned t the dr at nce. “But Rachel, Mrs. Willw’s huse is full f beautiful things, s if she asks yu t cme in, yu’d better say n.” Rachel sighed and ran ut.
Mrs. Willw was an ld lady with white hair and sharp blue eyes living in an ld huse. She pened the dr and invited her in. Rachel said why she came and that she preferred t wait utside remembering her mther’s warning. Mrs. Willw insisted Rachel cme inside. Rachel tk a deep breath and stepped in. She lked rund Mrs. Willw’s sitting rm and saw at nce why Mum had been wrried.
Paragraph 1:
There were beautiful things everywhere -pretty china figures and delicate vases
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Paragraph 2:
With a smile Mrs. Willw cmfrted her saying it had been brken befre.
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翻译小练习：
1. 瑞秋一动不动地站着，怕打翻什么东西。
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2. 威洛太太递给瑞秋一个棕色的小瓶子。
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3. 瑞秋迫不及待地想逃走，觉得随时都会有灾难发生。
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4. 她向她道谢，转身向门口走去，这时有东西碰到了她的腿。
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5. 瑞秋很惊讶，她向后跳了起来。
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6. 是只猫！但是她的胳膊肘撞到了一个花瓶，花瓶掉到地上，摔断了。多尴尬啊！
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7. 瑞秋叹了口气，盯着她看。
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8. 我年轻的时候有过。“你不可能像我这么笨，”威洛太太说，她那双锐利的蓝眼睛闪闪发光。
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9. 一直告诉自己你是一只天鹅，它会起作用的。
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10. 瑞秋怀疑地说了好几遍。
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11. 他们收拾完花瓶后，喝了瓷杯里的茶，吃了精致盘子里的蛋糕，瑞秋没有打碎别的东西。
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12. 这是一种魔力。瑞秋笑了。
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参考答案：
1. 瑞秋一动不动地站着，怕打翻什么东西。
Rachel std very still, afraid f kncking smething ver.
2. 威洛太太递给瑞秋一个棕色的小瓶子。
Mrs. Willw handed Rachel a small brwn bttle.
3. 瑞秋迫不及待地想逃走，觉得随时都会有灾难发生。
Rachel culdn’t wait t get away, feeling any minute there wuld be a disaster.
4. 她向她道谢，转身向门口走去，这时有东西碰到了她的腿。
She thanked her and turned t the dr when smething brushed against her leg.
5. 瑞秋很惊讶，她向后跳了起来。
Rachel was s surprised that she jumped backwards.
6. 是只猫！但是她的胳膊肘撞到了一个花瓶，花瓶掉到地上，摔断了。多尴尬啊！
It was a cat! But her elbw hit a vase and it fell t the flr, brken. Hw awkward!
7. 瑞秋叹了口气，盯着她看。
Rachel sighed and stared at her.
8. 我年轻的时候有过。“你不可能像我这么笨，”威洛太太说，她那双锐利的蓝眼睛闪闪发光。
I did, when I was yung. Yu culdn’t have been as clumsy as I was, Mrs. Willw said, her sharp blue eyes shining.
9. 一直告诉自己你是一只天鹅，它会起作用的。
Keep telling yurself yu are a swan and it will wrk.
10. 瑞秋怀疑地说了好几遍。
Rachel dubtfully said that several times.
11. 他们收拾完花瓶后，喝了瓷杯里的茶，吃了精致盘子里的蛋糕，瑞秋没有打碎别的东西。
After they cleared up the vase, they drank tea frm china cups and ate cakes ff delicate plates and Rachel didn’t break anther thing.
12. 这是一种魔力。瑞秋笑了。
It was a kind f magic. Rachel smiled.
参考范文：
Paragraph 1
There were beautiful things everywhere pretty china figures and delicate vases. Rachel std very still, afraid f kncking smething ver. Mrs. Willw handed Rachel a small brwn bttle. Rachel culdn’t wait t get away, feeling any minute there wuld be a disaster. She thanked her and turned t the dr when smething brushed against her leg. Rachel was s surprised that she jumped backwards. It was a cat! But her elbw hit a vase and it fell t the flr, brken. Hw awkward!
Paragraph 2:
With a smile Mrs. Willw cmfrted her saying it had been brken befre. Rachel sighed and stared at her. I did, when I was yung. Yu culdn’t have been as clumsy as I was, Mrs. Willw said, her sharp blue eyes shining. Keep telling yurself yu are a swan and it will wrk. Rachel dubtfully said that several times. After they cleared up the vase, they drank tea frm china cups and ate cakes ff delicate plates and Rachel didn’t break anther thing. It was a kind f magic. Rachel smiled.