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初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级下册Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.综合与测试优质课教案
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这是一份初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级下册Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.综合与测试优质课教案，共19页。教案主要包含了教材内容解析，重点短语和句型归纳，语法讲解，单元测试卷等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Unit 2 I’ll help t clean up the city parks
知识点总结及单元测试卷（附答案）
【教材内容解析】
Sectin A
Yu culd help t clean up the city parks. (P. 9)
(1) = 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事
Can yu help me with my hmewrk?
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② help sb. (t) d sth. 帮助某人做某事
He ften helps his mther clean d husewrk.
clean up意为“打扫干净”
Nancy, please clean up yur rm.
The girl culd visit the sick kids in the hspital t cheer them up. (P. 9)
cheer up意为“使开心”，代词用作宾语时，要当在cheer和up之间。
Cheer up! Everything will be OK.
The by culd give ut fd at the fd bank. (P. 9)
give ut意为“分发、散发”，相当于hand ut。
Here are sme tys. Please give them ut t the children.
The girl culd vlunteer in an after-schl study prgram t teach kids. (P. 9)
vlunteer用作动词，表示“义务做、自愿做”，后接不定式作宾语，vlunteer t d sth.“志愿做某事”。
Tm vlunteered t help us.
Let’s make sme ntices, t. (P. 10)
als, t, as well与either都可以表示“也”，但是用法不同。
We need t cme up with a plan fr the City park Clean-Up Day. (P. 10)
cme up with表示“相出、提出（主意或者想法）”。
Maybe she can cme up with a gd idea.
Oh, what did they ask yu t help ut with? (P. 10)
help ut意为“帮忙分担、帮……一把”。
Bill helped me ut when I was in truble.
They tld me stries abut the past and hw things used t be. (P. 10)
辨析：be /get used t ding sth., used t d sth.与be used t d sth.
Yeah, a lt f ld peple are lnely. (P. 10)
lnely作形容词表示“孤独的、荒凉的、偏僻的”；alne既可以作形容词也可以作副词，作形容词时只能作表语，不能作定语。
He feels lnely at hme himself.
It is a lnely muntain.
His grandfather was alne.
Mr Smith lives alne.
We shuld listen t them and care fr them. (P. 10)
care fr意为“照顾、照料”，后接名词或者代词作宾语，相当于lk after或者take care f。
She cares fr her little brther after schl.
11. I get such a strng feeling f satisfactin when I see the animals get better and the lk f jy n their wners’ faces. (P. 11)
such用作形容词，表示“这样、如此”，用来修饰名词，可以修饰可数名词单数，也可以修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词。
It’s such a nice day.
I hpe t have such delicius fd every day.
She culd read by herself at the age f fur. (P. 11)
at the age f表示“在……岁时”，表示年龄。
He started schl at the age f six.
Last year, she decided t try ut fr a vlunteer after-schl reading prgram. (P. 11)
try ut fr意为“参加……选拔、争取成为……”。
Many bys tried ut fr the ftball team.
I can d what I lve t d and help thers at the same time. (P. 12)
at the same time意为“同时”。
Yu can nt d yur hmewrk and watch TV at the same time.
Our class is trying t...(P. 12)
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① try t d sth. “尽力做某事”
The dctr tries t save the sick girl.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② try ding sth. “尝试做某事”
The by tried playing the pian.
Sectin B
I take after my mther. (P. 13)
take after意为“长得像”。
Mary takes after her father.
I fixed it up. (P. 13)
fix up意为“修理”，代词作宾语时，放在fix和up中间。
My cmputer desn’t wrk. Can yu fix it up fr me?
I gave it away. (P. 13)
give away意为“捐赠、赠送”，还可以表示“泄露（秘密）”。
My sister gave away her tys t the pr children.
Dn’t give away the secret.
I’m similar t her. (P. 13)
be similar t意为“与……相似”，be similar in“在……方面类似”。
Her ideas are similar t mine.
The twins are similar in appearances.
I didn’t keep it. (P. 13)
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① keep sth. 保留某物
Yu can keep the bk until the next weekend.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② keep ding sth. 一直做某事
The thief still kept stealing things after he went ut f the prisn.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③ keep+adj. 保持……
The girl eats a little t keep slim.
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④ keep sb./sth.+adj./介词短语 保持某人/某物……
We shuld keep the windw pen while we are asleep.
My mther keeps the vegetables in the fridge.
= 5 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑤ keep sb. ding sth. 保持某人做某事
The mther kept the baby crying n the bed.
Wh wrte the letter t Miss Li? (P. 14)
write a letter t sb.=write sb. a letter=write t sb. “给某人写信”
He is writing (a letter) t his parents.
Yu helped t make it pssible fr me t have Lucky. (P. 14)
有些动词后面接复合宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语则由动词不定式来担当，并位于宾语补足语之后。常见的这样的动词有find，think，feel，make等。
I find it interesting t play cmputer games
We all think it very difficult t finish the wrk in an hur.
Lucky makes a big difference t my life. (P. 14)
make a difference t意为“对……有影响、对……起作用”，后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。
Changing schls made a difference t my life.
The rain made n difference t the game.
Or imagine yu can’t walk r use yur hands easily. (P. 14)
imagine表示“想象”时，后常接动名词或者从句作宾语。
He ften imagines having a big huse.
Yu can’t imagine hw fast the player ran.
I can’t use my arms r legs well, s nrmal things like answering the telephne, pening and clsing drs, r carrying things are difficult fr me. (P. 14)
bring表示“带来”，强调从别的地方带到说话的地方，常与副词here连用；take表示“带走”，强调从说话的地方带去别的地方，常与副词there连用；carry表示“搬、抬”，没有方向性。
The students brught their hmewrk t schl in the mrning and take them hme after schl.
She talked t Animal Helpers abut getting me a special trained dg. (P. 14)
train用作及物动词，表示“训练、培训”，train sb./sth. t d sth.“训练某人/某物做某事”。
They train the dgs t keep the dr.
After six mnths f training with a dg at Animal Helpers, I was able t bring him hme. (P. 14)
be able t意为“能，会”，表示能力，与can同义。
In the future, students will be able t study at hme with the help f cmputers.
【拓展】辨析：be able t与can
be able t强调通过努力而获得的能力，而can强调自身已具有的能力。
She can sing the sng in English.
He will be able t sing this sng in English, t.
【重点短语和句型归纳】
重点短语
1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日
2. an ld peple’s hme 养老院
3. help ut with sth. 帮助解决困难
4. used t 曾经……；过去……
5. care fr 关心；照顾
6. the lk f jy 快乐的表情
7. at the age f 在……岁时
8. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴；振奋起来
10. give ut 分发；散发
11. cme up with 想出；提出
12. make a plan 制订计划
13. make sme ntices 做些公告牌
14. try ut 试用；试行
15. wrk fr 为……工作；为……效力
16. put up 建造；举起；张贴
17. hand ut 分发；散发；发给
18. call up 打电话；召集
19. put ff 推迟；延迟
20. fr example 比如；例如
21. raise mney 筹钱；募捐
22. take after 与……相像；像
23. give away 赠送；捐赠
24. fix up 修理；修补；解决
25. be similar t 与……相似
26. set up 建立；设立
27. disabled peple 残疾人
28. make a difference 影响；有作用
29. be able t 能够
30. after-schl reading prgram 课外阅读项目
重点句型
1. 制订计划做某事make plans t d sth.
2. 要求某人(不要)做某事ask sb. (nt) t d sth.
3. 过去常常做某事 used t d sth.
4. 决定做某事 decide t d sth.
5. 有……感觉 get a feeling f…
6. 对……产生影响make a difference t
7. 自愿花时间某事 vlunteer ne’s time t d sth.
8. 放弃时间去做某事 give up +时间+ t d sth.
9 使得做某事对某人来说是可能的 make it pssible fr sb. t d sth.
【语法讲解】
动词不定式
A. 作主语——为避免句子的头重脚轻，常用it作为形式主语，而真正的主语动词不定式后置。
常用句型：It +be+adj./n.+(fr/f sb.) t d sth./It takes sb. sme time t d sth.
B. 作宾语——动词want, decide, hpe, ask, agree, chse, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare„常接动词不定式作宾语。
C. 作（后置）定语——常用于“have/has＋sth.＋t d”或“enugh＋名＋t d”“It’s time t d sth.”等结构中。
D. 作宾语补足语——tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接带t的动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. t d sth.结构。
【注意】动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去t：“一感(feel)，二听(listen t, hear)，三让(let, make, have,，四看(lk at, see, watch, ntice)，半帮助(help)”。
E. 动词不定式作状语
主要用来修饰动词，表示目的，结果或原因。为了强调目的，有时可以把动词不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加in rder (t) 或s as (t) “为了，目的是”。常用结构有t + adj./adv. + t d sth.等。
F. 固定句式中动词不定式的用法 常见的形式有：
had better (nt) d sth./Wuld yu like t d sth.?/Why nt d sth.?/Wuld yu please (nt) d sth.?等。
【单元测试卷】
单项选择(每小题1分， 共15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
( )21. Changing schls made a big difference ______ his life.
A. n B. at C. t D. fr
( )22. Mary’s uncle made ______ pssible fr her t travel arund the wrld.
A. it B. that C. this D. ne
( )23. The girl is ______, s she needs a guide dg t help her.
A. sick B. blind C. tired D. sad
( )24. My friend Tm vlunteered ______ in the cuntryside tw years ag.
A. t wrk B. wrk C. wrking D. wrks
( )25. —Excuse me, I ______ find my htel.
—Yu culd ask the pliceman.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shuldn’t
( )26. She used t ______ a bike t schl, but nw she is used t ______ t schl.
A. ride; walk B. riding; walking C. riding; walk D. ride; walking
( )27. He is very ______, s he can carry the heavy bx.
A. clever B. strng C. quiet D. excited
( )28. —Wh is the ______ f the huse?
—Mr. Black. He bught it last year.
A. passenger B. guest C. visitr D. wner
( )29. ______ vacatins by the sea is Dale’s dream.
A. Spend B. Spending C. Spends D. Spent
( )30. They ften help ______ sick children in the children’s hspital.
A. cheer up B. clean up C. set up D. make up
( )31. My cusin has difficulty ______ English newspapers.
A. read B. reads C. reading D. t read
( )32. My cmputer desn’t wrk. Culd yu help ______ it?
A. repair B. buy C. raise D. pen
( )33. Hw nice these pictures are! Please _______ n the wall.
A. put it up B. put up it C. put up them D. put them up
( )34. I can help my mther d sme things like ______ the rms.
A. cleans B. cleaning C. clean D. t clean
( )35. —We shuldn’t read in the sun.
—______. It’s bad fr ur eyes.
A. Srry t hear that B. That sunds great
C. Yu’re right D. I dn’t think s
Ⅵ. 完形填空(每小题1分，共10分)
先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
易读度★★☆☆☆
A few mnths ag, I learned that the city fd bank needed sme vlunteers. I used t be the 36 in my grup f friends. S, I sent letters t 10 friends. I’d like t 37 a grup that wuld vlunteer t make and serve dinner fr the disabled peple. I wanted t 38 my friends t be part f the grup. Almst all f my friends 39 .
One day, several f my friends brught sme fd and helped prepare the 40 . “I gt such a strng feeling f satisfactin when I saw the 41 peple get the fd!” said ne friend. Later, anther friend made a list (清单) abut serving, 42 we culd d quickly and easily. Nw each mnth there are new faces that jin the grup. One wman 43 invited anther grup f her friends t serve.
It’s hard t imagine that simple 44 asking friends t help have made a great difference. At first, I just wanted t be an rganizer. Nw, I 45 my idea. I als lve t wrk as a vlunteer, because I can get mre jy frm the happy faces f the disabled peple.
( )36. A. vlunteer B. rganizer C. singer D. nurse
( )37. A. set up B. cheer up C. give up D. clean up
( )38. A. take B. mve C. invite D. teach
( )39. A. refused B. agreed C. stayed D. left
( )40. A. training B. jurney C. party D. meal
( )41. A. disabled B. strng C. clever D. kind
( )42. A. but B. s C. because D. r
( )43. A. still B. hardly C. nly D. even
( )44. A. wrds B. visits C. letters D. e-mails
( )45. A. keep B. get C. change D. pen
Ⅶ. 阅读理解 (每小题2分，共20分)
A
Ann wanted t play in the city rchestra (管弦乐队), but she was nervus (紧张的). She thught it might be t difficult. The first day she was s nervus, and she culd hardly breathe. After a few rehearsals (排练), she culd cmfrtably play alng with everyne else. She fund that there was n reasn t be nervus and began t enjy herself.
In rehearsals, Ann became friends with Danny. Danny sat next t her and always helped her. Ann ften asked him questins abut music. Danny’s parents were musicians. They started teaching Danny music when he was nly five years ld. Ann culdn’t imagine playing the vilin at that age.
Ann’s anther friend in the rchestra was Marie. After rehearsal, Marie wuld tell Ann funny stries. Thugh Marie was much lder than Ann, the tw became gd friends.
The rchestra was rehearsing music fr a cncert. Ann invited sme f her friends at schl t cme. Thugh they didn’t understand music, they prmised t cme. They all liked Ann and wanted t cheer her. Ann’s family als planned t g t the cncert. Ann lked frward t the event, and she hped it wuld nt rain n the night f the cncert.
On the night f the cncert, Ann was excited. Danny and Marie bth tld her that the cncert wuld be fun. Ann knew that she wuld enjy it. The cnductr (指挥) Mike was nervus. Ann was surprised because she knew that he cnducted many big cncerts all ver the wrld. After the cncert was ver, the cnductr seemed happy. He said the rchestra gave a fine perfrmance.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
( )46. Frm the first paragraph we can learn that Ann _____.
A. didn’t want t learn music
B. was excited t try new things
C. thught there was n reasn t be nervus
D. wasn’t interested in playing in the rchestra
( )47. Ann made _____ friends in the rchestra.
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
( )48. Sme f Ann’s friends prmised t cme t the cncert because _____.
A. they enjyed the music
B. they wanted t cheer her
C. they wanted t learn t play
D. they wanted t make new friends
( )49. Hw did Ann feel n the night f the cncert?
A. Excited. B. Tired. C. Nervus. D. Sad.
( )50. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. Ann’s parents were musicians.
B. Marie was tw years lder than Ann.
C. Danny started playing the pian at age 5.
D. Mike had much experience in cnducting cncerts.
B
Here are sme ideas fr yu n hw t help thers thrugh vlunteering.
(51) _____
When peple get lder, it becmes harder t d many things, frm walking t the stre t ding the husewrk. Old peple living alne can als feel lnely. As a vlunteer, yu can d a lt t help the ld in yur neighbrhd. Yu culd visit them and help them with their husewrk.
(52) _____
Many peple with disabilities need help. Yu culd vlunteer t read bks t the blind r deliver (递送) smething fr peple wh can’t get arund t well.
(53) _____
There are lts f vlunteer jbs t d in hspitals and health care centers. As a vlunteer, yu can make beds, deliver flwers and gifts, help serve meals, and d lts f ther imprtant jbs.
(54) _____
Sme families dn’t have enugh mney t buy fd and clthes fr their kids. Sme peple dn’t have place t live at all. T help these peple as a vlunteer, yu can give clthes, fd r mney t, r raise mney fr, a charity (慈善机构).
(55) _____
Smetimes peple need mre help when the hlidays cme. Hlidays are happy, but fr peple wh are alne r unlucky, they can be a lnely, hard time. As a vlunteer, yu can deliver hliday dinners t less lucky peple, visit the lnely ld peple and serve fd t the hmeless.
根据材料内容，从A—E中选出与各段落相对应的标题，并将其标号填写在下面题号后的横线上。
51. ____ 52. ____ 53. ____ 54. ____ 55. ____
Ⅷ. 情景交际 (每小题1分，共10分)
根据对话内容及所给首字母提示，补全所缺单词(含缩略形式)，使对话完整、通顺。
A: Hell, can I help yu?
B: Yes, please. I’d like t b (56) a vlunteer.
A: What k (57) f vlunteer wrk wuld yu like t d?
B: Any wrk is OK.
A: Oh, we need smene t (58) help teach kids basketball.
B: Srry, I can’t play basketball. Is there anything e (59)?
A: There is a jb —cleaning up the parks. It’s every Sunday.
B: That’s n (60) gd. I have t help lk after my grandmther n Sundays.
A: Oh, I see. Here is anther jb. D yu knw h (61) t repair bicycles?
B: Srry. I c (62) even repair my wn bicycle.
A: OK. M (63) this is a gd ne. Wuld yu like t read t sick peple in the hspital? Yu can d (64) it any day yu like.
B: That sunds gd. W (65) culd I start?
A: Hw abut tday?
B: OK, n prblem!
Ⅸ. 词汇运用 (每小题0.5分，共5分)
A)根据句意及所给汉语提示，写出句中所缺单词。
66. We are making sme (通知) fr Clean-Up Day.
67. She is (聋的). She can’t hear anything.
68. At last, I (理解) what she said.
69. We shuld help (有残疾的) peple.
70. They had t (扛) their bxes t the village.
B)根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
71. Dn’t hurt thers’ (feel). It’s nt gd.
72. The car has six (wheel). It’s very interesting.
73. Yu can’t (imagine) hw I missed the bird.
74. After ten days f (train), nw I can drive a car.
75. I gt ut f truble because f yur (kind).
Ⅹ. 完成句子 (每小题2分，共10分)
根据各题后括号内的要求完成下列各题，每空一词(含缩略形式)。
76. Susan wuld like t help her friend ut. (改为一般疑问句)
________ Susan ________ t help her friend ut?
77. Jet helped give ut fd at the fd bank. (改为一般疑问句)
________ Jet ________ give ut fd at the fd bank?
78. My grandfather used t walk a dg after dinner. (改为否定句)
My grandfather ________ ________ t walk a dg after dinner.
79. I hpe yu can repair my blender in time. (改为同义句)
I hpe yu can ________ ________ my blender in time.
80. Yu culd help buy sme flwers. (对划线部分提问)
________ culd I ________?
Ⅺ. 综合填空 (每小题1分，共10分)
阅读短文，从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每词限用一次，其中有两个词是多余的。
Jennifer and her sister Katie learned in Sunday Schl hw they shuld care abut thers. This gave them a great idea! “Let’s (81)________ a new club at schl. We can call it THE CARE CLUB!” said Katie. “CARE means Caring and Respecting (尊重) Everybdy.” Jennifer agreed it was a wnderful (82)________. Every night they planned (83)________ they wuld d the next day t shw lve t thers.
One day they helped a by with (84)________ hmewrk after schl. Anther day they stayed after schl t help a little girl learn t (85)________. On the weekend they walked a neighbr’s (86)________ and even gave the dg a gd shwer. Katie and Jennifer’s parents understand their (87)________ very well. They als lve helping thers and they are having s much fun (88)________ it.
Later, the ther kids at schl (89)________ t jin the club. S Katie and Jennifer pened the club up t new members (成员). Every new member had t prmise t shw lve t thers. They had (90)________ meetings and planned wh they wuld help and hw they wuld d it. Everyne pitched in (出) sme mney each week s they culd buy flwers r cards fr sick peple t cheer them up.
Ⅻ. 书面表达 (15分)
假如你是鲁冰，你们班将在3月份组织志愿者活动，请你根据下表提示给你的美国笔友Tina写一封电子邮件谈谈该月的活动安排。
参考词汇： 表演节目 give perfrmances
要求：1. 根据提示内容进行写作，可适当发挥；
2. 80词左右。电子邮件的格式和开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tina,
I’d like t tell yu ur class plans fr vlunteer wrk in March.
Yurs,
Lu Bing
参考答案
Ⅴ. 21-25 CABAA 26-30 DBDBA 31-35 CADBC
Ⅵ. 36-40 BACBD 41-45 ABDCC
Ⅶ. 46-50 CABAD 51-55 DBEAC
Ⅷ. 56. be 57. kind 58. t 59. else 60. nt 61. hw
62. can’t 63. Maybe 64. d 65. When
Ⅸ. 66. ntices 67. deaf 68. understd
69. disabled 70. carry 71. feelings 72. wheels
73. imagine 74. training 75. kindness
Ⅹ. 76. Wuld; like 77. Did; help 78. didn’t use
79. fix up 80. What; d
Ⅺ. 81. start 82. idea 83. what 84. his 85. read
86. dg 87. daughters 88. ding 89. hped 90. weekly
Ⅻ. One pssible versin:
Dear Tina,
I’d like t tell yu ur class plans fr vlunteer wrk in March. We’ll help clean up the train statin n March 4. On March 11, we’ll g t the ld peple’s hme t help wash the clthes and clean the rms. And we’ll give perfrmances, t. On March 18, we’ll g t the Peple’s Park t fix up bicycles and radis fr peple nearby. On March 25, we’ll g t the primary schl near ur schl t help the children with their hmewrk and tell them stries. I’m sure we’ll have a very meaningful March.
Yurs,
Lu Bing
als
放在句中行为动词前，be动词、助动词和情态动词之后。
He als wants t g.
t
用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面用逗号隔开。
He wants t g, either.
as well
用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面不用逗号隔开。
He wants t g as well.
either
用于否定句句末。
He desn’t want t g either
be /get used t ding sth.
习惯于做某事
His father is used t watching TV befre ging t bed.
used t d sth.
过去经常做某事
The by used t play cmputer games.
be used t d sth.
被用来做某事
Mre and mre wd is used t make paper.
A. Helping pr families
B. Helping the disabled
C. Helping during hlidays
D. Helping yur ld neighbrs
E. Ding the hspital wrk
week, he, what, idea, why, refuse, dg, daughter, start, d, hpe, read
时间
活动
3月4日
打扫火车站。
3月11日
去养老院洗衣服、打扫房间、表演节目。
3月18日
在人民公园附近修理自行车、收音机。
3月25日
去附近小学辅导孩子写作业、给他们讲故事。
Unit 2 I’ll help t clean up the city parks
知识点总结及单元测试卷（附答案）
【教材内容解析】
Sectin A
Yu culd help t clean up the city parks. (P. 9)
(1) = 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事
Can yu help me with my hmewrk?
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② help sb. (t) d sth. 帮助某人做某事
He ften helps his mther clean d husewrk.
clean up意为“打扫干净”
Nancy, please clean up yur rm.
The girl culd visit the sick kids in the hspital t cheer them up. (P. 9)
cheer up意为“使开心”，代词用作宾语时，要当在cheer和up之间。
Cheer up! Everything will be OK.
The by culd give ut fd at the fd bank. (P. 9)
give ut意为“分发、散发”，相当于hand ut。
Here are sme tys. Please give them ut t the children.
The girl culd vlunteer in an after-schl study prgram t teach kids. (P. 9)
vlunteer用作动词，表示“义务做、自愿做”，后接不定式作宾语，vlunteer t d sth.“志愿做某事”。
Tm vlunteered t help us.
Let’s make sme ntices, t. (P. 10)
als, t, as well与either都可以表示“也”，但是用法不同。
We need t cme up with a plan fr the City park Clean-Up Day. (P. 10)
cme up with表示“相出、提出（主意或者想法）”。
Maybe she can cme up with a gd idea.
Oh, what did they ask yu t help ut with? (P. 10)
help ut意为“帮忙分担、帮……一把”。
Bill helped me ut when I was in truble.
They tld me stries abut the past and hw things used t be. (P. 10)
辨析：be /get used t ding sth., used t d sth.与be used t d sth.
Yeah, a lt f ld peple are lnely. (P. 10)
lnely作形容词表示“孤独的、荒凉的、偏僻的”；alne既可以作形容词也可以作副词，作形容词时只能作表语，不能作定语。
He feels lnely at hme himself.
It is a lnely muntain.
His grandfather was alne.
Mr Smith lives alne.
We shuld listen t them and care fr them. (P. 10)
care fr意为“照顾、照料”，后接名词或者代词作宾语，相当于lk after或者take care f。
She cares fr her little brther after schl.
11. I get such a strng feeling f satisfactin when I see the animals get better and the lk f jy n their wners’ faces. (P. 11)
such用作形容词，表示“这样、如此”，用来修饰名词，可以修饰可数名词单数，也可以修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词。
It’s such a nice day.
I hpe t have such delicius fd every day.
She culd read by herself at the age f fur. (P. 11)
at the age f表示“在……岁时”，表示年龄。
He started schl at the age f six.
Last year, she decided t try ut fr a vlunteer after-schl reading prgram. (P. 11)
try ut fr意为“参加……选拔、争取成为……”。
Many bys tried ut fr the ftball team.
I can d what I lve t d and help thers at the same time. (P. 12)
at the same time意为“同时”。
Yu can nt d yur hmewrk and watch TV at the same time.
Our class is trying t...(P. 12)
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① try t d sth. “尽力做某事”
The dctr tries t save the sick girl.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② try ding sth. “尝试做某事”
The by tried playing the pian.
Sectin B
I take after my mther. (P. 13)
take after意为“长得像”。
Mary takes after her father.
I fixed it up. (P. 13)
fix up意为“修理”，代词作宾语时，放在fix和up中间。
My cmputer desn’t wrk. Can yu fix it up fr me?
I gave it away. (P. 13)
give away意为“捐赠、赠送”，还可以表示“泄露（秘密）”。
My sister gave away her tys t the pr children.
Dn’t give away the secret.
I’m similar t her. (P. 13)
be similar t意为“与……相似”，be similar in“在……方面类似”。
Her ideas are similar t mine.
The twins are similar in appearances.
I didn’t keep it. (P. 13)
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① keep sth. 保留某物
Yu can keep the bk until the next weekend.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② keep ding sth. 一直做某事
The thief still kept stealing things after he went ut f the prisn.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③ keep+adj. 保持……
The girl eats a little t keep slim.
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④ keep sb./sth.+adj./介词短语 保持某人/某物……
We shuld keep the windw pen while we are asleep.
My mther keeps the vegetables in the fridge.
= 5 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑤ keep sb. ding sth. 保持某人做某事
The mther kept the baby crying n the bed.
Wh wrte the letter t Miss Li? (P. 14)
write a letter t sb.=write sb. a letter=write t sb. “给某人写信”
He is writing (a letter) t his parents.
Yu helped t make it pssible fr me t have Lucky. (P. 14)
有些动词后面接复合宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语则由动词不定式来担当，并位于宾语补足语之后。常见的这样的动词有find，think，feel，make等。
I find it interesting t play cmputer games
We all think it very difficult t finish the wrk in an hur.
Lucky makes a big difference t my life. (P. 14)
make a difference t意为“对……有影响、对……起作用”，后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。
Changing schls made a difference t my life.
The rain made n difference t the game.
Or imagine yu can’t walk r use yur hands easily. (P. 14)
imagine表示“想象”时，后常接动名词或者从句作宾语。
He ften imagines having a big huse.
Yu can’t imagine hw fast the player ran.
I can’t use my arms r legs well, s nrmal things like answering the telephne, pening and clsing drs, r carrying things are difficult fr me. (P. 14)
bring表示“带来”，强调从别的地方带到说话的地方，常与副词here连用；take表示“带走”，强调从说话的地方带去别的地方，常与副词there连用；carry表示“搬、抬”，没有方向性。
The students brught their hmewrk t schl in the mrning and take them hme after schl.
She talked t Animal Helpers abut getting me a special trained dg. (P. 14)
train用作及物动词，表示“训练、培训”，train sb./sth. t d sth.“训练某人/某物做某事”。
They train the dgs t keep the dr.
After six mnths f training with a dg at Animal Helpers, I was able t bring him hme. (P. 14)
be able t意为“能，会”，表示能力，与can同义。
In the future, students will be able t study at hme with the help f cmputers.
【拓展】辨析：be able t与can
be able t强调通过努力而获得的能力，而can强调自身已具有的能力。
She can sing the sng in English.
He will be able t sing this sng in English, t.
【重点短语和句型归纳】
重点短语
1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日
2. an ld peple’s hme 养老院
3. help ut with sth. 帮助解决困难
4. used t 曾经……；过去……
5. care fr 关心；照顾
6. the lk f jy 快乐的表情
7. at the age f 在……岁时
8. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴；振奋起来
10. give ut 分发；散发
11. cme up with 想出；提出
12. make a plan 制订计划
13. make sme ntices 做些公告牌
14. try ut 试用；试行
15. wrk fr 为……工作；为……效力
16. put up 建造；举起；张贴
17. hand ut 分发；散发；发给
18. call up 打电话；召集
19. put ff 推迟；延迟
20. fr example 比如；例如
21. raise mney 筹钱；募捐
22. take after 与……相像；像
23. give away 赠送；捐赠
24. fix up 修理；修补；解决
25. be similar t 与……相似
26. set up 建立；设立
27. disabled peple 残疾人
28. make a difference 影响；有作用
29. be able t 能够
30. after-schl reading prgram 课外阅读项目
重点句型
1. 制订计划做某事make plans t d sth.
2. 要求某人(不要)做某事ask sb. (nt) t d sth.
3. 过去常常做某事 used t d sth.
4. 决定做某事 decide t d sth.
5. 有……感觉 get a feeling f…
6. 对……产生影响make a difference t
7. 自愿花时间某事 vlunteer ne’s time t d sth.
8. 放弃时间去做某事 give up +时间+ t d sth.
9 使得做某事对某人来说是可能的 make it pssible fr sb. t d sth.
【语法讲解】
动词不定式
A. 作主语——为避免句子的头重脚轻，常用it作为形式主语，而真正的主语动词不定式后置。
常用句型：It +be+adj./n.+(fr/f sb.) t d sth./It takes sb. sme time t d sth.
B. 作宾语——动词want, decide, hpe, ask, agree, chse, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare„常接动词不定式作宾语。
C. 作（后置）定语——常用于“have/has＋sth.＋t d”或“enugh＋名＋t d”“It’s time t d sth.”等结构中。
D. 作宾语补足语——tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接带t的动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. t d sth.结构。
【注意】动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去t：“一感(feel)，二听(listen t, hear)，三让(let, make, have,，四看(lk at, see, watch, ntice)，半帮助(help)”。
E. 动词不定式作状语
主要用来修饰动词，表示目的，结果或原因。为了强调目的，有时可以把动词不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加in rder (t) 或s as (t) “为了，目的是”。常用结构有t + adj./adv. + t d sth.等。
F. 固定句式中动词不定式的用法 常见的形式有：
had better (nt) d sth./Wuld yu like t d sth.?/Why nt d sth.?/Wuld yu please (nt) d sth.?等。
【单元测试卷】
单项选择(每小题1分， 共15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
( )21. Changing schls made a big difference ______ his life.
A. n B. at C. t D. fr
( )22. Mary’s uncle made ______ pssible fr her t travel arund the wrld.
A. it B. that C. this D. ne
( )23. The girl is ______, s she needs a guide dg t help her.
A. sick B. blind C. tired D. sad
( )24. My friend Tm vlunteered ______ in the cuntryside tw years ag.
A. t wrk B. wrk C. wrking D. wrks
( )25. —Excuse me, I ______ find my htel.
—Yu culd ask the pliceman.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shuldn’t
( )26. She used t ______ a bike t schl, but nw she is used t ______ t schl.
A. ride; walk B. riding; walking C. riding; walk D. ride; walking
( )27. He is very ______, s he can carry the heavy bx.
A. clever B. strng C. quiet D. excited
( )28. —Wh is the ______ f the huse?
—Mr. Black. He bught it last year.
A. passenger B. guest C. visitr D. wner
( )29. ______ vacatins by the sea is Dale’s dream.
A. Spend B. Spending C. Spends D. Spent
( )30. They ften help ______ sick children in the children’s hspital.
A. cheer up B. clean up C. set up D. make up
( )31. My cusin has difficulty ______ English newspapers.
A. read B. reads C. reading D. t read
( )32. My cmputer desn’t wrk. Culd yu help ______ it?
A. repair B. buy C. raise D. pen
( )33. Hw nice these pictures are! Please _______ n the wall.
A. put it up B. put up it C. put up them D. put them up
( )34. I can help my mther d sme things like ______ the rms.
A. cleans B. cleaning C. clean D. t clean
( )35. —We shuldn’t read in the sun.
—______. It’s bad fr ur eyes.
A. Srry t hear that B. That sunds great
C. Yu’re right D. I dn’t think s
Ⅵ. 完形填空(每小题1分，共10分)
先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
易读度★★☆☆☆
A few mnths ag, I learned that the city fd bank needed sme vlunteers. I used t be the 36 in my grup f friends. S, I sent letters t 10 friends. I’d like t 37 a grup that wuld vlunteer t make and serve dinner fr the disabled peple. I wanted t 38 my friends t be part f the grup. Almst all f my friends 39 .
One day, several f my friends brught sme fd and helped prepare the 40 . “I gt such a strng feeling f satisfactin when I saw the 41 peple get the fd!” said ne friend. Later, anther friend made a list (清单) abut serving, 42 we culd d quickly and easily. Nw each mnth there are new faces that jin the grup. One wman 43 invited anther grup f her friends t serve.
It’s hard t imagine that simple 44 asking friends t help have made a great difference. At first, I just wanted t be an rganizer. Nw, I 45 my idea. I als lve t wrk as a vlunteer, because I can get mre jy frm the happy faces f the disabled peple.
( )36. A. vlunteer B. rganizer C. singer D. nurse
( )37. A. set up B. cheer up C. give up D. clean up
( )38. A. take B. mve C. invite D. teach
( )39. A. refused B. agreed C. stayed D. left
( )40. A. training B. jurney C. party D. meal
( )41. A. disabled B. strng C. clever D. kind
( )42. A. but B. s C. because D. r
( )43. A. still B. hardly C. nly D. even
( )44. A. wrds B. visits C. letters D. e-mails
( )45. A. keep B. get C. change D. pen
Ⅶ. 阅读理解 (每小题2分，共20分)
A
Ann wanted t play in the city rchestra (管弦乐队), but she was nervus (紧张的). She thught it might be t difficult. The first day she was s nervus, and she culd hardly breathe. After a few rehearsals (排练), she culd cmfrtably play alng with everyne else. She fund that there was n reasn t be nervus and began t enjy herself.
In rehearsals, Ann became friends with Danny. Danny sat next t her and always helped her. Ann ften asked him questins abut music. Danny’s parents were musicians. They started teaching Danny music when he was nly five years ld. Ann culdn’t imagine playing the vilin at that age.
Ann’s anther friend in the rchestra was Marie. After rehearsal, Marie wuld tell Ann funny stries. Thugh Marie was much lder than Ann, the tw became gd friends.
The rchestra was rehearsing music fr a cncert. Ann invited sme f her friends at schl t cme. Thugh they didn’t understand music, they prmised t cme. They all liked Ann and wanted t cheer her. Ann’s family als planned t g t the cncert. Ann lked frward t the event, and she hped it wuld nt rain n the night f the cncert.
On the night f the cncert, Ann was excited. Danny and Marie bth tld her that the cncert wuld be fun. Ann knew that she wuld enjy it. The cnductr (指挥) Mike was nervus. Ann was surprised because she knew that he cnducted many big cncerts all ver the wrld. After the cncert was ver, the cnductr seemed happy. He said the rchestra gave a fine perfrmance.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
( )46. Frm the first paragraph we can learn that Ann _____.
A. didn’t want t learn music
B. was excited t try new things
C. thught there was n reasn t be nervus
D. wasn’t interested in playing in the rchestra
( )47. Ann made _____ friends in the rchestra.
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
( )48. Sme f Ann’s friends prmised t cme t the cncert because _____.
A. they enjyed the music
B. they wanted t cheer her
C. they wanted t learn t play
D. they wanted t make new friends
( )49. Hw did Ann feel n the night f the cncert?
A. Excited. B. Tired. C. Nervus. D. Sad.
( )50. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. Ann’s parents were musicians.
B. Marie was tw years lder than Ann.
C. Danny started playing the pian at age 5.
D. Mike had much experience in cnducting cncerts.
B
Here are sme ideas fr yu n hw t help thers thrugh vlunteering.
(51) _____
When peple get lder, it becmes harder t d many things, frm walking t the stre t ding the husewrk. Old peple living alne can als feel lnely. As a vlunteer, yu can d a lt t help the ld in yur neighbrhd. Yu culd visit them and help them with their husewrk.
(52) _____
Many peple with disabilities need help. Yu culd vlunteer t read bks t the blind r deliver (递送) smething fr peple wh can’t get arund t well.
(53) _____
There are lts f vlunteer jbs t d in hspitals and health care centers. As a vlunteer, yu can make beds, deliver flwers and gifts, help serve meals, and d lts f ther imprtant jbs.
(54) _____
Sme families dn’t have enugh mney t buy fd and clthes fr their kids. Sme peple dn’t have place t live at all. T help these peple as a vlunteer, yu can give clthes, fd r mney t, r raise mney fr, a charity (慈善机构).
(55) _____
Smetimes peple need mre help when the hlidays cme. Hlidays are happy, but fr peple wh are alne r unlucky, they can be a lnely, hard time. As a vlunteer, yu can deliver hliday dinners t less lucky peple, visit the lnely ld peple and serve fd t the hmeless.
根据材料内容，从A—E中选出与各段落相对应的标题，并将其标号填写在下面题号后的横线上。
51. ____ 52. ____ 53. ____ 54. ____ 55. ____
Ⅷ. 情景交际 (每小题1分，共10分)
根据对话内容及所给首字母提示，补全所缺单词(含缩略形式)，使对话完整、通顺。
A: Hell, can I help yu?
B: Yes, please. I’d like t b (56) a vlunteer.
A: What k (57) f vlunteer wrk wuld yu like t d?
B: Any wrk is OK.
A: Oh, we need smene t (58) help teach kids basketball.
B: Srry, I can’t play basketball. Is there anything e (59)?
A: There is a jb —cleaning up the parks. It’s every Sunday.
B: That’s n (60) gd. I have t help lk after my grandmther n Sundays.
A: Oh, I see. Here is anther jb. D yu knw h (61) t repair bicycles?
B: Srry. I c (62) even repair my wn bicycle.
A: OK. M (63) this is a gd ne. Wuld yu like t read t sick peple in the hspital? Yu can d (64) it any day yu like.
B: That sunds gd. W (65) culd I start?
A: Hw abut tday?
B: OK, n prblem!
Ⅸ. 词汇运用 (每小题0.5分，共5分)
A)根据句意及所给汉语提示，写出句中所缺单词。
66. We are making sme (通知) fr Clean-Up Day.
67. She is (聋的). She can’t hear anything.
68. At last, I (理解) what she said.
69. We shuld help (有残疾的) peple.
70. They had t (扛) their bxes t the village.
B)根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
71. Dn’t hurt thers’ (feel). It’s nt gd.
72. The car has six (wheel). It’s very interesting.
73. Yu can’t (imagine) hw I missed the bird.
74. After ten days f (train), nw I can drive a car.
75. I gt ut f truble because f yur (kind).
Ⅹ. 完成句子 (每小题2分，共10分)
根据各题后括号内的要求完成下列各题，每空一词(含缩略形式)。
76. Susan wuld like t help her friend ut. (改为一般疑问句)
________ Susan ________ t help her friend ut?
77. Jet helped give ut fd at the fd bank. (改为一般疑问句)
________ Jet ________ give ut fd at the fd bank?
78. My grandfather used t walk a dg after dinner. (改为否定句)
My grandfather ________ ________ t walk a dg after dinner.
79. I hpe yu can repair my blender in time. (改为同义句)
I hpe yu can ________ ________ my blender in time.
80. Yu culd help buy sme flwers. (对划线部分提问)
________ culd I ________?
Ⅺ. 综合填空 (每小题1分，共10分)
阅读短文，从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每词限用一次，其中有两个词是多余的。
Jennifer and her sister Katie learned in Sunday Schl hw they shuld care abut thers. This gave them a great idea! “Let’s (81)________ a new club at schl. We can call it THE CARE CLUB!” said Katie. “CARE means Caring and Respecting (尊重) Everybdy.” Jennifer agreed it was a wnderful (82)________. Every night they planned (83)________ they wuld d the next day t shw lve t thers.
One day they helped a by with (84)________ hmewrk after schl. Anther day they stayed after schl t help a little girl learn t (85)________. On the weekend they walked a neighbr’s (86)________ and even gave the dg a gd shwer. Katie and Jennifer’s parents understand their (87)________ very well. They als lve helping thers and they are having s much fun (88)________ it.
Later, the ther kids at schl (89)________ t jin the club. S Katie and Jennifer pened the club up t new members (成员). Every new member had t prmise t shw lve t thers. They had (90)________ meetings and planned wh they wuld help and hw they wuld d it. Everyne pitched in (出) sme mney each week s they culd buy flwers r cards fr sick peple t cheer them up.
Ⅻ. 书面表达 (15分)
假如你是鲁冰，你们班将在3月份组织志愿者活动，请你根据下表提示给你的美国笔友Tina写一封电子邮件谈谈该月的活动安排。
参考词汇： 表演节目 give perfrmances
要求：1. 根据提示内容进行写作，可适当发挥；
2. 80词左右。电子邮件的格式和开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tina,
I’d like t tell yu ur class plans fr vlunteer wrk in March.
Yurs,
Lu Bing
参考答案
Ⅴ. 21-25 CABAA 26-30 DBDBA 31-35 CADBC
Ⅵ. 36-40 BACBD 41-45 ABDCC
Ⅶ. 46-50 CABAD 51-55 DBEAC
Ⅷ. 56. be 57. kind 58. t 59. else 60. nt 61. hw
62. can’t 63. Maybe 64. d 65. When
Ⅸ. 66. ntices 67. deaf 68. understd
69. disabled 70. carry 71. feelings 72. wheels
73. imagine 74. training 75. kindness
Ⅹ. 76. Wuld; like 77. Did; help 78. didn’t use
79. fix up 80. What; d
Ⅺ. 81. start 82. idea 83. what 84. his 85. read
86. dg 87. daughters 88. ding 89. hped 90. weekly
Ⅻ. One pssible versin:
Dear Tina,
I’d like t tell yu ur class plans fr vlunteer wrk in March. We’ll help clean up the train statin n March 4. On March 11, we’ll g t the ld peple’s hme t help wash the clthes and clean the rms. And we’ll give perfrmances, t. On March 18, we’ll g t the Peple’s Park t fix up bicycles and radis fr peple nearby. On March 25, we’ll g t the primary schl near ur schl t help the children with their hmewrk and tell them stries. I’m sure we’ll have a very meaningful March.
Yurs,
Lu Bing
als
放在句中行为动词前，be动词、助动词和情态动词之后。
He als wants t g.
t
用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面用逗号隔开。
He wants t g, either.
as well
用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面不用逗号隔开。
He wants t g as well.
either
用于否定句句末。
He desn’t want t g either
be /get used t ding sth.
习惯于做某事
His father is used t watching TV befre ging t bed.
used t d sth.
过去经常做某事
The by used t play cmputer games.
be used t d sth.
被用来做某事
Mre and mre wd is used t make paper.
A. Helping pr families
B. Helping the disabled
C. Helping during hlidays
D. Helping yur ld neighbrs
E. Ding the hspital wrk
week, he, what, idea, why, refuse, dg, daughter, start, d, hpe, read
时间
活动
3月4日
打扫火车站。
3月11日
去养老院洗衣服、打扫房间、表演节目。
3月18日
在人民公园附近修理自行车、收音机。
3月25日
去附近小学辅导孩子写作业、给他们讲故事。
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