高考英语一轮复习教案——主语从句（无答案）
展开主语从句
一． 概念：
主语：主语是指句子谈论的主题，说明的人或事物。也就是句中动作、行为、性质和状态的主体，一般位于句首
主语从句：在句中充当主语的从句
三 关系词(引导词)
1． 从属连词：that whether
that 引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。
That she left him cut him to the heart.
That he will come is certain.
注意：有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免 “头重脚轻”, 常用 it 作形式主语, 而把从句放在后面。E.g
That she has made such a mistake is a pity.
It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.
这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:
1) It is + adj. +从句
It is necessary that… 有必要…
It is important that …. 重要的是…
It is obvious that…… 很明显……
2) It +不及物动词+从句
It seems/appears that... 似乎……
It happened that... 碰巧……
It occurred to me that…… 我突然想起……
3) It + be +过去分词+从句
It is said that... 据说……
It is known to all that... 众所周知……
It is reported that... 据报道……
It is believed that... 据信……;人们相信……
It is suggested that... 有人建议……
It must be pointed out that... 必须指出……
It has been proved that... 已证明…….
4) It is + n. +从句
It is common knowledge that… …是常识
It is a surprise that …. 令人惊奇的是…
It is a fact that…… 事实是……
由whether及其他连词引导的主语从句放在句首，句后都可。
Whether it will please them is hard to say.
It is hard to say whether it will please them.
- 连接代词：who whoever whom whose what whatever which whichever
What seems easy to some people seems difficult to others.
Which side will win is not clear.
注意：what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
what 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分, 如主语、宾语、表语,
that 则不充当任何成分无意义。
例如：What you said yesterday is right.
That she is still alive is a consolation
- 连接副词：when where how why等
Why he did it remains a mystery.
When they will start is not known yet.
How he became a great scientist is known to us all.
It’s certain. We’ll be late. |
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Is he coming or not? We don’t know |
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What does he want to tell us? We don’t know |
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When will you come back? It doesn’t matter. |
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四．主语从句需注意的问题
1一个句子作主语时，主句的谓语动词应为单数。
Eg Whether he will come depends on the weather.
2 what 引导的句子作主语时，谓语动词的数由句子的内容决定（即由表语决定)。
What I want is money.
What we need are good books
What he said is reasonable.
What we will do hasn’t been decided.
3 Where he was born and where he lives now are not clear.
Where and when he was born remains a secret.
两个或两个以上的主从联合做主语，主句谓语动词应为复数。
两个或两个以上的连词引导一个从句，主句谓语动词应为单数。
4 Whether he will come isn’t clear. (不能换成if)
It isn't clear whether /if he will come. (可以与if进行替换)
（if不能置于句首）
5. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
①主语从句常用it作形式主语，一般常用句型为：It is+{名词/形容词/过去分词}+主语从句例如：
It is still a question whether she will come or not.
It is strange that you should like him.
It is still unknown which team will win the match.
另外，还有一些比较多见的结构：
It turned out that……;
It has been proved that……;
It happened/occurred that……;
It is well-known that……等等
②而强调句则不同，它的结构是：It+be+被强调部分+that+从句
强调主语：It is the times that produce their heroes.时势造英雄
强调宾语：It is English that Prof.Lin teaches us.
强调状语：It was in shanghai that I saw the film.
判断是否是强调句有一个方法，就是将that以后的“句子的其余部分”拿出来单独看，看有没有缺成分，缺的是什么成分，再把谓语动词后面that前面的那部分，带到你认为缺成分的地方，如果放进去是一句完整的句子了，那就说明是强调句。
6. 用于It is important / natural / necessary / impossible that...句型中, 主语从句应使用虚拟语气, 谓语动词用\“should + 动词原形\”的形式, should有时有感情色彩。
It be suggested/ advised/ ordered/requested that sb (should) do sth…
主语从句练习题
一．翻译
1．(谁将去接他)_______________________________________________ is not decided.
2．(哪个班极会赢得这场足球赛)__________________________________ is not clear .
3．(他能否买到飞机票)______________________________________ doesn’t matter much.
4．(我们如何去那里)__________________________________________ is a question.
5．(你刚才告诉我的)_______________________________________ was really a surprise.
6．(他什么时候出国)_______________________________________ is being discussed
7．(他为什么哭)___________________________________________ is not clear.
8．It is clear______________________________________________(他是一个乞丐).
9．(你要请谁)______________________________________________ is not important.
10．(我们将在哪里举行篮球赛)____________________________________ is not clear.
二．找出下列句子中的主语从句及其引导词，并指出引导词是否充当成分，充当什么成分。
1. That we shall be late is certain.
2. That the driver could not control his car was obvious.
3. It is certain that we shall be late.
4. It was obvious that the driver could not control his car.
5. Is it possible that they will come tomorrow？
6. It is clear that he was telling the truth.
7. It’s probable that we’ll be a little late.
8. What caused the accident is a complete mystery.
9. It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.
10. It shocked me that Peter didn’t tell anybody where he was.
11. Who was responsible for the accident is not yet clear.
12. It’s a pity that you can’t go with us.
13. What he did is not yet known.
14. It is said that he has been there many times.
15. It is not yet clear who was responsible for the accident.
16. When they will have the sports meet is still a question.
17. It seems that he has lost something.
18. What he said at the meeting encouraged everyone.
19. What caused the accident was a broken bottle.
20. It remains a problem whether it is true.
21. Whoever breaks the law is sure to be punished.
22. What she looks like doesn’t matter.
23. How this happened is not clear to anyone.
24. Whoever comes is welcome.
25. Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.
