初中英语一词多义单词大汇总 学案

【英语词汇】初中英语一词多义单词大汇总

A
1. about

(prep) 关于

 Why not talk about the Chinese culture for tomorrow’s lecture?
 (ad) 到处，四处  Watch out! Bears about!
       大约    Let’s meet at about 4 o’clock at the school gate.
2. absent

(a)缺席的

--Who is absent today？--Daming. He had an accident on the school trip.
absent-minded 健忘的

My grandpa became absent-minded with age
心不在焉的

He was so absent-minded in class that the teacher became angry with him.
3. after

(prep)在…后面

My best friend Peter sits after me .
(conj)在…以后

I will tell her the news after she comes back.
4. against

(prep)倚在……上

The piano is against the wall.
对

 We played against a team from the No.2 Middle School and won the game.
反对 Don’t do anything against the law.
5. around

大约 See you around 7:30.
向各处

I like to travel around the world someday.
环绕 The earth moves around the sun.
6.as

（ad）像…一样,如同 He is as tall as his father.
as (conj)由于，因为

As you weren’t there, I left a message.
在……期间,当……的时候

Then she drove me over to Bobbie Decker’s house, explaining as we went that I was now one of Santa’s helpers

as(prep)作为，当作

He had a job as a teacher three years ago, but now he worked in a company.
B
1. bear

 (n)熊

 He ran away as quickly as possible when he saw the bear in the forest.
 (v)忍受

He can’t bear to be laughed at.
2. bill

(n)账单；--Have you paid the bill?
钞票，纸币 --Yes, I paid the bill with a ten-dollar bill.
3. book

(n) 书，本子

There are a lot of books in the library.
 (v) 预订

You’d better book tickets if you want to watch the movie.
4. break

 (n) 休息It’s time to take a break.
(v) 打破

It’s really bad to break the valuable china vase.
终止She broke the silence by coughing.
已坏 I don’t think my watch is broken.
5. bring

(v)带来，拿来
①Please remember to bring your homework tomorrow.
②His energetic interest and ability brought an offer to become a line boss

6. brush

(n)刷子, 画笔，毛笔

It’s good for us to change our tooth-brush regularly.
(v)刷

You’d better brush your teeth after meals.
7. burn

(v) 着火

The house was burned to the ground.

使晒黑

His face was badly burnt by the hot sun. 他的脸被烈日晒伤了。

Her skin burns easily. 她的皮肤不禁晒。

(n) 烧伤，晒伤
8.but

(conj)但是 It’s not cheap, but it’s good.
(prep)除了

I want nobody but you to finish the work.
9. by

（prep）靠近，在……旁We had a picnic by the lake.
通过He entered the room by the back door.
经过（某人、某物）He walked by me without speaking.
不迟于 Can you finish the work by five o’clock?
由 The play is written by Shakespeare.
乘（车）Let’s travel to Shanghai by car.
通过…..的方式He earns his living by writing.
C
1.can

(aux)能够，可以He can speak English very well.
(n) 金属或塑料的容器；罐头 a Coke can
2. cap

 (n) 帽子British schoolboys sometimes wear caps.
（钢笔、瓶子等的）帽、盖

3. capital

(n)首都 Beijing is the capital of China.
大写字母The world BIG is in capitals.
资本 He set up a business with a starting capital of＄100,000.
4. care

(n) 照料She watered the flower with great care.
小心 Care is needed when crossing the road.
(v) 介意，在乎

He failed the exam but he didn’t seem to care at all.
关心His parents really cares about him.
5.carry

(v) 携带，搬运；She carried her baby in her arms.
持有，带有；I never carry much money with me.
6. catch

(v)接住I threw a ball to her and she caught it.
捉住We tried our best to catch the thief.
赶上He got up too late to catch the early bus.
染上（疾病）④--What’s wrong with you?—Oh, I catch a cold.
听见（某事物），理解Sorry，I didn’t catch what you said.
7. change

 (n) 零钱，找头I have no small change.
(v) 改变 It is not easy to make him change his mind.
8. class

 (n)班级I am happy I study in Class Six.
等级This is a second-class compartment.
课 I have a math class at 9o’clock.
9. close

(v) 关闭Don’t forget to close the door when you leave the room.
(a) 亲密的 I have a close friend called Joy.
接近 The church is close to the school.
(ad) 接近，靠近 They quite close.
close by离（某人或某事物）不远
10. cold

(a)寒冷的

It’s so cold in winter in Beijing.
冷却的

I’d like a cold drink.
不友好的The cold look on her face made me sad.
(n) 寒冷

Don’t stand outside in the cold.
伤风，感冒

He didn’t come to school because he had a bad cold.
11. cover

(v) 覆盖The ground is covered with snow.
(n) 盖子； 罩； 封面
12. cross

(v)横穿Don’t cross the road when the traffic light is red.
交叉 He crossed his leg and sat down.
(n) 十字架; 十字形或叉形记号Mark the place with a cross on the map.
(a) 生气I was cross with him for being late.
D
1. date(n) 日期 What’s the date today?
约会Tonight I have a date with Mike.
up to date 时新的，现代的 out of date 过时的
2. draw

(v) 绘画

He can draw a horse in ten seconds.
向某方向移动

Christmas is drawing near.(圣诞节日渐临近)
拉，拖

I drew my chair up to the table.
获取（知识经验等）

At the end of the class I drew a conclusion. (得出结论)
提取（金钱）

I drew 50 pounds in the bank last Sunday.
3. dress

(v)穿衣Hurry up and get dressed!
Is she old enough to dress herself ?
(n)连衣裙
4. drive

 (v) 驾驶

He can drive very well and he drives to work every day.
使或逼（某人）处于某种状态或做某事

He almost drives me crazy.
(n) 乘汽车等之行

He took her out for a drive.
5. drop

(v)使（某物）意外地落下

The bottle dropped and broke.
放弃

I found it difficult to learn physics so I decided to drop it.
(n)(液体的)珠，滴

rain-drops
E
1. earth (n)地球； 泥土
2. easy

(a) 容易的

The exam yesterday was really easy.
舒适的，安心的

Now I am leading an easy life.
Take it easy 别着急
3.excuse

(v) 原谅

Excuse me. Could you tell me how to get to the airport?
(n)借口，辩解

There is no excuse for his mistake.
4. express

 (v)表达；

 It is hard for him to express himself in English.
用快邮寄出（信、邮包等）
(n)快车

The 8:00 am express to Beijing is always crowed.
快邮，速递

He sent the book to me by express.
F
1. face

(n) 脸 face to face
(v) 面对 He faced the difficulties bravely.
2. fan

(n) 迷

The famous singer has millions of fans.
扇子

Most old people prefer fans to air conditioners.
3. fat

(a) 肥胖的

If you eat too much chocolate, you will get fat.
(n) 脂肪

This ham has too much fat on it.
4. film

(n) 电影

This is my favorite film.
胶卷

develop the film 洗胶卷
5. fit

(a) 健康的

He always do exercise to keep fit.
(v) 适合

The jacket fits him well.
6. fly

(v) 放飞； 飞行

It’s good to fly a kite on windy days.
(n) 飞行； 苍蝇
7. for

 (prep) 为……

 I bought some flowers for my mother on Mother’s Day.
对….来说

It’s easy for me to play the piano.
达到（引导时间段）

We have learned English for a long time so we can speak a little English.
(conj)因为，由于

He didn’t come to the party, for he liked to stay alone.
8. free

(a) 免费的The coffee is free here.
自由的，空闲的

I am free this afternoon. What about going shopping with me?
9. fresh(a) 新鲜的 fresh water 淡水
10. full (a) 满的The room is full of people.
饱的I’m full and I can’t eat anything .
G
1. gift

 (n) 礼物；a birthday gift
天赋 I have a gift for music.
2. green (a)

绿色的；a green dress
（指水果）未成熟的，生的green bananas
新来的,无经验的

You must be green to believe that.
3. grow

(v)生长I want to be an astronaut like Yang Liwei when I grow up.
种植

My grandparents grew a lot of flowers behind their house last year.
变成

It began to grow dark.
H
1.hand

 (n) 手To give somebody a hand means to help somebody.
指针There is something wrong with the hour hand of the clock.
(v) 递给

As we walked through its doors, Grandma handed me ten dollars

2. hang

(v) 悬挂； hang hung hung
Hang your coat on that hook.

处以绞刑 hang hanged hanged
He shouldn’t be hanged for such a crime.

3. hard

 (a) 困难的It is hard to know whether it will be clear soon.
硬的The ground is as hard as stone.
(ad) 努力地Work hard, or you will fall behind.
猛烈地It is raining hard. Don’t go out until it stops.
4. have

 (v) 有

I have a lot of hobbies.
从事，进行

Let’s have a talk.
吃

He usually has a sandwich for lunch.
5.head

(n) 头

He fell and hit his head.
领头部分

At the head of the queue stands an old woman.
首脑

Report to the Head immediately!
(v) 往……去

Where are you heading? (你往哪儿走？)
6. hero

(n)英雄，勇士

Liu Xiang is my hero.
男主角

The hero of the play is Peter.
7. hold

(v)拿，抱T

he girl was holding her father’s hand.
握住

She was holding an umbrella.
举行

We’ll hold a meeting to discuss it.
承受……的重量

Is that table strong enough to hold you?
可容纳，包含

I don’t think the room can hold so many people.
不挂电话

Please hold the line. I will be back in a minute.
8. hot

(a)热的

It’s too hot in the room. Why not open the door?
辣的

Pepper is hot. (胡椒是辣的)
I
1. if

(conj) 如果

I will go to Shanghai if I have time in May.
是否

I don’t know if you are right.
2. interest

(n) 兴趣,好奇心

Now he has grown up he no longer takes any interest in his stamp collection.
爱好

Her main interests in life are music, tennis and cooking.
利息

When you borrow money from the bank, you need to pay interest.
(v)对……有兴趣

The topic he is talking about interests me greatly.
3. iron

(n)铁

This material is as hard as iron.
a steam-iron 蒸汽熨斗
(v)熨烫

She was ironing a shirt when I went to visit her.
J
1. join

(v) 加入

He joined the League last June.
加入某人行列

They are playing basketball. What about joining them?
连接

The teacher asked us to join the two parts together.
2. just

 (ad) 刚才

I have just seen John。
恰好

It’s just my size.
不过，仅

After all, he is just a child.
(a) 公平的，公正的

It is a just sentence. (这是合法的判决)
K
1. key (n)

钥匙

I can’t find my key. Can you help me?
（打字机、钢琴等的）键

You need to press the keys hard, for the piano is quite old.
答案

Tell me the keys to the test.
关键，要诀

Diet and exercise are the key to good health.
2. kind

 (n)种类

There are all kinds of books in the library.
(a)和蔼的

Would you be kind enough to help me?
L
1. last

(v) 持续

How long do you think this fine weather will last?
(a)最后的

December is the last month of the year.
最近的，上一个的

I thought her last book was one of the best.
2. lay

(v)将某物或某人置于某位置

Please lay the book on the table.
（指鸟、虫等）产（卵）

The hens are not laying well at the moment.
3. leave

 (n) 假期 a sick leave
(v)离开

He left his hometown two years ago.
使…处于某种状态

Leave the door open.
忽略或未拿、未带某物

I’ve left my gloves on the bus.
4. lesson(n)

功课

The first lesson in driving is how to start the car.
一节课

My yoga lesson begins at 8pm.
教训 ，经验，榜样

Let this be a lesson to you never to play with matches!
5. lie

(v) 平躺

Don’t lie in bed all morning.
位于

The city lies in the east of China.
撒谎

He is lying! Don’t believe him.
6. lift

 (v) 举起

He can easily lift the heavy boy.
（云或烟等）消散；

The cloud will lift soon according to the weather report.
(n) 电梯

The office is on the sixth floor. Let’s take a lift.
免费搭私人车

I’ll give you a lift to the station.
7. light

(v)点燃

He lit the candle.
(n) 电灯

Turn on the lights, please.
灯光

The light is too poor to read by.
(a) 明亮的

We like to study in a light room.
浅色的

I prefer light colors.
轻的

The coat is light and warm.
易懂的

I took some light reading for the train journey.
light music 轻音乐
（指睡眠）不沉的，不熟的

Don’t make any noise—my mother is a very light sleeper.
8. like

(prep)像

 He looks like his father.
(v)喜欢

 I like to chat with others.
9. live

(v)居住； Where do you live?
过…样的生活

He wants to live a peaceful life.
(a) 活的

There are lots of live fish in the small river.
(ad)

 现场直播地The match will be shown live by BBC.
10. long

 (a) 长的

This is a long story.
(v) long for

渴望 The children are longing for holidays.
11. lose

(v)失去

She’s just lost her husband.
遗失

I’ve lost my key.
输，失败

We lost the match at last although we tried our best.
M
1. mad

 (a) 疯狂的

You must be mad to drive so fast.
对某事、某人极感兴趣

He’s mad about pop music.
2. make

(v)制造

Can you make a model car?
做

He is good at making cake.
强迫

They made me repeat the story.
(n)牌子

Cars of all makes can be seen in the street.
制造

This is a coat of excellent make.(做工精致的)
3. master

 (v) 掌握

It’s useful to master a foreign language.
(n) 主人；
Master硕士；艺术大师
4. match

(v) 与…相配

The furniture and the room match perfectly.
(n)比赛

There will be a basketball match on TV tonight.
火柴

People don’t use matches quite often now.
5. mind

(v)介意

Would you mind taking care of my dog?
照看

Mind my bike while I go into the shop.
留神

Mind the step!
(n)思想，想法

 change one’s mind come to mind make up one’s mind
6. miss

(v) 想念

I miss my childhood a lot.
错过，未赶上

He missed the meeting because of the bad weather.
未击中

He shot the basket but he missed.
7. monitor

(n) 班长；
显示器
8. mouse

(n) 鼠标；
老鼠
N
1. name (v)命名 He named his son after the hero.
(n)名字 His name is Jack.
2. national(a)国家的；
民族的
3. nobody

 (pron) 没有人，谁也不

Nobody is in the room. It is empty.
(n)渺小人物

He was just a nobody before he became a manager.
4. note

 (n)便条，笔记

He asked his students to take notes carefully.
注释

This is a new book with a lot of notes.
钞票

 a 5-pound note
(v)记下

note something down
5. notice

(v) 注意到

I noticed he left early.
(n) 通知

 Put up the notice and let everyone know it.
6. nurse (n) 护士； 保姆
(v) 看护
O
1. once (ad)一次

I’ve only been there once.
曾经

I once met your mother.
(conj) 一旦

Once you understand the rule, you will have no further difficulty.
2. order

 (n)

 顺序

Put everything in order.
定单,定货

He gave his order to the waiter.
(v)

命令

We ordered him to leave.
定购,定做，预定

I have ordered a new table from the shop.
3. over

(prep)在…之上

They held a large umbrella over her.
横越

There is a bridge over the river.
(ad)结束

The meeting was over an hour ago.
…多

There are over 1000 people in the village.
P
1. paper

(n）纸张

Paper was invented in ancient China.
报纸

 Have you seen today’s paper?
试卷

The history paper was really easy.
2. park

 (n) 公园

 There is a chocolate theme park in Beijing.
(v) 停放

Don’t park the car in this street.
3.party

 (n) 聚会

 I am looking forward to the party.
政党

When did you join the Party?
5. pass

(v) 传递

Will you please pass me the book on the desk?
通过

He passed me but said nothing.
打发时间

 pass the time
6. past

(a) 结束的

Winter is past and spring has come.
(prep)

过… What time is it? It a quarter past twelve.
走过某处

 He walked past me and say nothing.
7.patient

(n) 病人

The doctor is looking after the patient.
 (a) 耐心的

 Be patient! He is only a child.
8.pay

(v) 付钱，给…报酬 He paid the bill and left.
(n) 工资

 He gets his pay each Thursday.
9. pick

(v) 拾起

He picked the pen up and gave it to the teacher.
挑选

He picked the biggest apple and passed it to his mother.
采，摘

You’d better not pick the flowers in the garden.
10.place

(n) 地点

This is a famous place.
(v)放置

Place the book on the table.
11.plant(n)

 植物 What is the name of the plant?
(v)种植

They taught the boy how to plant trees.
12. plate

(n) 盘子

I always wash the plates after dinner.
牌

The number-plate on the car is 1068.
13. play

(v) 玩； 播放

 Please don’t play the music so loudly.
(n) 戏剧

My mother likes watching TV plays best.
14. poor(a)穷的

 He is very poor but he is very happy.
(a) 差的

I am poor in English.
15. pound(n)英镑；

How much is it? 200 pounds. That’s too expensive.
(n)磅

Two pounds of apples, please.
16.present

(n)礼物

I always receive many presents on my birthday.
现在，目前

At present we are having a break.
(a) 出席的；

How many people were present at the meeting?
(v)将某物赠与某人

He presented a gold medal to the winner.
17.pretty

(a)漂亮的

 She is very pretty.
(ad) 相当地

 He draws pretty well.
18.push

 (v) 推动 Don’t push: wait before you get on the bus.
(n) 推进，促进 They gave the car a push.
R
1. race

 (n) 比赛，赛跑 He won the 100-meter race at last.
(v)进行速度竞赛 I’ll race you to school.
2. raise

(v) 举起，提起

 Please raise your hand if you want to say something
(v) 召集或集结(某事物)

The volunteers hold a party to raise money for the poor children.
3. reach (v)

到达

We reached the station in time and caught the train.
伸手够到

The apple is too tall for the girl to reach.
达到

Finally they reached an agreement.
4. reason (n) 理由，原因 This is the reason why he was late.
(v) 推理
5. receive (v)

收到

We received the letter at the end of the month.
招待

He was received as an honored visitor.
6. record (n) 唱片

I am looking forward to getting a latest record of Taylor Swift.
记录 He hopes to break a record in London in 2012.
7. rest

(v) 休息 It’s time to rest for a while.
(n) 休息 It’s time to have a rest.
剩余部分

Tonight I’ll have enough time to watch the rest of the film.
8. return

(v) 返回

He returned to his hometown in 1999.
归还

Please return the book to me as soon as possible.
9. rice

 (n) 水稻 Rice is grown in the south.
米饭 I had some rice and fish for lunch.
10. rich

(a) 富有的

 He is very rich but he is very unhappy.
丰富的

Chinese is a very rich language. I’m sure you’ll fall in love with it.
11. ride

(v) 骑

Can you ride a horse?
(n) 乘骑，乘坐，搭乘

We went for a ride in her new car.
12. right

(a) 右边的

 Show me your right hand.
正确的

You are right. I am really from Shenyang.
(n) 右边

 On the right you can see the museum.
(n) 权利

You have no right to do that.
13. ring

(n) 戒指，环形物

She loves her wedding ring very much.
(v) 发出清晰响亮的声音 （尤指铃声）

The bell is ringing. Let’s hurry.
14. room

(n) 房间

--Which room do you like? – The one on the left.
空间

Who can make room for this old man?
15. row

(n) 排

He is in Row One.
(v)划

We rowed the boat happily.
16. rule

(n) 规则

You must obey the rules.
(v) 统治

He ruled the country and people all loved him.
17. run

(v) 跑步

Every day we practice running on the playground.
经营

He ran the company successfully.
S
1. save

(v) 拯救

The doctor saved the patient in the end.
节约

We must try our best to save water.
2.serve

 (v) 为…服务

He served in the army.
送上，端上

What time is breakfast served in this hotel.
3. set

(v) 放，放于某处

Set your heavy bag down here.
安置，放好

Set the table for dinner.
制定，确定，建立

He set a new world record.
专心，倾注

The child has set his heart on it.
I’ve set my mind on it.
（太阳）下沉，落下

 In the winter the sun sets early .
使成为

I open the cage and set the bird free.
使开始

Your words have set me thinking.
set (n) 一组，一套

 a set of tools
装备 a TV set
(a) 固定的，安排好的

I have to study at set hours each day.
4.shop

(v) 购物

I shopped for some clothes, but I couldn’t find anything.
(n) 商店

Where is the shop? It’s over there.
5. short

 (a) 矮的，短的

The boy is too short to reach the box.
That ruler is not long enough. It’s a bit short.