高中英语人教版 (新课标)必修3&4Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars精品单元测试课后练习题

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars 单元测试

姓名：__________  班级：__________  学号：__________

一、单词拼写（词汇运用）（共10题；共10分）

1.There is a(n) ________ (基本的) difference between the two points of view.   

2.The hotel offers a friendly ________(气氛) and the personal service.   

3.Some people are still________(迷惑的) about how the computer works.   

4.As is known to all, Qiesenan Xu is a famous________(物理学家).   

5.Use an umbrella to p________ you from the rain.   

6.The hen was old and it stopped ________(下蛋) eggs.   

7.G________ warming was one of the many reasons responsible for the worst flooding in decades.   

8.There still ________(存在) a rare animal on that lonely island.   

9.Because of the________(猛烈的) natural disaster, a lot of people have lost their lives.   

10.In old times people had a________(理论) that the world was flat.   

二、完形填空（共20分）

    When a mom attended school to help her disabled son, her son and the school thanked her in the sweetest way. It wasn't until after his college years that Marty became disabled after         1        down stairs. When her son         2        to get his MBA, Judy O'Connor attended every class with him to help him write and         3       . Every day, Judy would sit by Marty in class, taking notes to make sure of         4        specific requests, raising her hand so he could answer questions, and silently filling in his         5        on test days. "After a little while, we found that working together we could         6        a great deal," Marty says.

    On graduation day at Chapman University, Judy was dressed in black to mix in with the other         7       . Little did she know she'd soon be the center of         8       . When Marty's name was called, his mom helped         9        him to the front of the stage,         10        for a picture with Marty as he received his diploma. Over the loudspeaker, an         11        was made in a voice         12        with happy tears: The university was giving Judy an honorary (荣誉的)MBA." A lump came to my throat. I was proud of my son and         13        to be honored," says Judy.

    The mother and the son had joked that Judy was putting in enough work to earn her own         14       . To Marty, there was no question that his mom, a retired elementary school teacher with a business degree, had         15        earned her honorary MBA.

    Perhaps just as important, Judy gave Marty         16       . Life as Marty knew it before the         17        may have changed, but he encourages anyone in a         18        situation to keep up hope. "Just keep an open mind,         19        you can make your diversity into your advantage and take challenges as a(n)         20        for growth in your life," he says.

三、阅读理解（共2题；共24分）

（一）

A migraine(偏头痛)can cause disabling pain. People may not feel back to normal for hours or even days. Migraines are most common among young adults and middle-aged people. In the United States, about eighteen percent of women and six percent of men report having migraines.

People who suffer from migraines can find that different “triggers”(诱因)in different people may get a headache started. Stress can act as a trigger. So can chocolate in some people. Many migraine sufferers say hot weather and low barometric pressure(大气压)can act as triggers. But researchers say they haven’t got much scientific evidence of that until now.

In a new study, a team examined the medical records of seven thousand hospital patients. The patients had visited the emergency room at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts, because of a headache. More than two thousand of them had been found to have a migraine.

The team then compared those records to weather conditions in the twenty-four hours before the hospital visits. For every increase of five degrees centigrade in air temperature, the patients had a seven and one-half percent higher risk of migraines. Decreases in barometric pressure two to three days before the visit also appeared to trigger headaches.

The researchers found no evidence that air pollution influenced headaches. But they could not rule out the possibility of a smaller effect.

A separate study has found that age, gender, and where a person has extra body fat may affect the risk of migraines. It found that overweight people between the ages of twenty and fifty-five may have a higher risk. On average, those who were larger around the middle were more likely to have migraines than those of the same age with smaller waistlines.

The study involved twenty-two thousand people. It was led by Lee Peterlin. She says early results suggest that losing weight in the stomach area may help younger people who experience migraines, especially women.

（1）From the first paragraph, we can infer that a migraine can　　　.

A.make people unable to walk              B.prevent people acting normally

C.cause people to leave home for days       D.get people to suffer from mental disorder

（2）The underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refers to　　　.

A.chocolate acting as a trigger             

B.stress acting as a trigger

C.hot weather and low barometric pressure acting as triggers

D.high air pressure acting as a trigger

（3）According to the passage, headaches are influenced least by　　　.

A.body weight    B.barometric pressure      C.air temperature         D.air pollution

（4）In the opinion of Lee Peterlin, a person who has a migraine should　　　.

A.avoid gathering fat in the stomach area     B.eat more sweet food every day

C.stay warm in good weather               D.keep away from noisy places

（二）

    Another thing an astronaut has to learn about is eating in space．Food is weightless, just as men are.

    Food for space has to be packed in special ways．Some of it goes into tubes that a man can squeeze into his mouth．Bite-sized cookies are packed in plastic.

    There is a good reason for covering each bite．The plastic keeps pieces of food from traveling in the spaceship．On the earth very small pieces of food would simply fall to the floor．But gravity doesn't pull them to the floor when they are out of the plastic in a spaceship．They move here and there and can get into a man's eyes or into the spaceship's instruments．If any of the instruments is blocked, the astronauts may have trouble getting safely home.

    As astronauts travel on longer space trips, they must take time to sleep．An astronaut can fit himself to his seat with a kind of seat belt. Or, if he wants to, he can sleep in a sleeping bag which is fixed in place under his seat．But be careful he must put his hands under the belt when he goes to sleep．This is because he is really afraid that he might touch one of controls that isn't supposed to be touched until later.

（1）Why would astronauts cover each bite of food in space? （      ）          

A.Because small pieces of food would fall down to the floor.

B.Because weightless pieces of food might make trouble when they travel around．

C.Because they haven't enough food for longer trips.

D.Because astronauts don't want to waste food.

（2）In a spaceship, astronauts can ________.           

A.walk just as they do on the earth

B.not eat anything because it's dangerous

C.control the spaceship when they are sleeping

D.not litter small things or it will make trouble

（3）Why does an astronaut put his hand under his belt when he sleeps?（     ）           

A.Because he thinks it is comfortable to sleep in that way in space.

B.Because he doesn't want to touch any controls when he sleeps.

C.Because the instruments of the spaceship are easily broken.

D.Because he is afraid that the seat will move.

（4）What is the best title of this article ? （     ）          

A.Eating and Sleeping in Space    B.How Astronauts Eat in Space

C.Food for Space               D.How Astronauts Sleep in Space

四、任务型阅读（共5分）

    Children start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy, as there's no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment.________.

    Give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. ________, children can give more logical, complete and creative answers.

    Watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion, don't jump in with "That's right" or "Very good". ________. But in talking about science, quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying "That's interesting or "I have never thought of it that way before", or coming up with more questions or ideas. Never force a child to think. ________, as children are always thinking, without your telling them to.

    What's more, giving them freedom to think can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want, in as few words as possible, so that he will be a smaller target for your disagreement.

    ________. Real-life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass (放大镜), and they'll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates (蒸发), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.

A．It doesn't make sense

B．Listen to their questions

C．Teach them by examples

D．You only have to share your children's curiosity

E. It began with a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours

F. When adults increase their "wait time" to three seconds or more

G. These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior

五、翻译（共9分）

1.It is still unknown ________(他什么时候入党的).   

2.________(宇航员在太空中如何吃饭、睡觉和行走)is very strange and interesting.   

3.一知道他恢复了健康，他的朋友就高兴起来。   

His friends ________ as soon as they knew he had recovered from illness(cheer)

4.完成了自己的工作，他们接着去帮助别人了。

They finished their work. ________, they went to help others.

5.我想要知道的是谁解决了这个问题。

________ I want to know is ________.

6.大雨阻止我们看这吸引人的西湖，但是我们没有放弃。

The heavy rain ________ us ________ the attractive lake, but we didn't ________.

六、语法填空（共7分）

1.The manager wants to see changes in the company，and I am sure he will ________ time.   

2.It seems to me ________ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.   

3.Now ________ you've got a chance，you might as well make full use of it.   

4.He arrived home，________(exhaust).   

5.It is still under discussion ________ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.   

6.Mary is very proud because her father is ________ astronaut.   

7.They don't allow ________ (park) in front of the office.   

七、书面表达（共25分）

假定你是李华，想邀请英国交换生David下周一参加你校举办的“科技节”，并观赏学生们的“科技小发明”。请给他写封邮件，内容包括: 

1）写信意图；2）活动时间和地点；3）活动目的和内容；4）表达希望。

注意:1）词数100左右；2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇:科技小发明:technology gadgets

Dear David,

    I'm glad to invite you to the Science Festival.

Yours,

Li Hua

答案

一、

1. fundamental  2.atmosphere  3. puzzled   4. physicist   5.prevent  6.laying  7.Global  8.exists 

9. violent   10. theory  

二、

（1）B；（2）C；（3）A；（4）D；（5）D；（6）A；（7）B；（8）C；（9）A；（10）D；（11）C；（12）B；（13）B；（14）A；（15）C；（16）D；（17）C；（18）A；（19）B；（20）C；  

三、

（一）（1）D（2）D（3）D（4）D  

（二）（1）B（2）D（3）B（4）A  

四、D；F；G；A；C  

五、

1. when he joined the Party  

2. How astronauts eat, sleep and walk in space  

3.cheered up 

4. In their turn  

5. What；who solved the problem  

6. prevent/stop；watching；give up

六、1.in  2. that  3. that   4. exhausted   5. whether   6. an   7. parking  

七、

Dear David, 

    I'm glad to invite you to the Science Festival to be held in our school next Monday to enjoy the students' technology gadgets.

    The Science Festival is scheduled to take place on the playground from 8 a.m. to 11 a.m., lasting three hours. Its purpose is to encourage us students to think creatively as well as share our works with others. At this festival, you can enjoy various gadgets which are of great use in our daily life. What's more, some excellent student inventors will introduce the functions of their technology gadgets and perform them on the spot, which I think will be the most exciting part.

    I would appreciate it if you could join in the coming Science Festival. Looking forward to your reply and expecting your coming.

Yours,

Li Hua