山东省2020届高三下学期开年月考英语试卷
展开英语试卷
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
考试时间100分钟，满分120分
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分。)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Alice Robb is an American science journalist who has written for the Washington Post and the New Republic．Her new book，Why We Dream，encourages us to rethink the importance of dreams and to become dream interpreters ourselves．
Reporter：Recently there’s been a massive interest in the science of sleep．Sleep plays a role in maintaining our mental health．Are dreams part of that process?
Alice Robb：Dreams play a big role in helping us cope with stress，grief and psychological problems．Dreams are an opportunity to work through things that frighten us in real life，to play out worst-case situations in an environment where they have no consequences．
Reporter：Has anyone explained why dreams contain such surreal(超现实的)elements，strange pictures of time，people，geography and so on?
Alice Robb：When we dream，the logic centres of our brain—the frontal lobes(大脑额叶)—go dark，and chemicals associated with self-control，like serotonin(血清素)and norepinephrine(去甲肾上腺素)，drop．At the same time，the emotion centres light up：we have a perfect chemical canvas for dramatic，psychologically intense visions．
Reporter：You say neglecting to consider our dreams is like“throwing away a gift from our brains without bothering to open it．”What is the gift?
Alice Robb：When we’re dreaming，we’re thinking in a state we never have access to by day．Dreams offer the opportunity to think in a different way and show new answers to problems．They show us blind spots on things we might be neglecting in our personal lives．
1．In which aspect do dreams help maintain our mental health?
A．Dreams help us deal with pessimistic feelings．
B．Dreams make us free of stress，grief and psychological problems completely．
C．Dreams make us not able to face frightening things．
D．In dreams we can solve those worst-case problems．
2．According to Alice Robb，what is NOT the gift?
A．When dreaming，we’re thinking in a state we never touch by day．
B．Dreams provide the chance to think in a different way and show new answers to problems．
C．Dreams show us blind spots that might be neglected in real lives．
D．Dreams enable us to accomplish impossible tasks．
3．In which column will you probably read the passage?
A．Education． B．Technology． C．Opinions． D．Culture．
B
In the decade to 2019 global meat consumption rose by an average of 1.9％a year and fresh dairy consumption by 2.1％—both about twice as fast as population growth．
Yet many sub—Saharan Africans still eat almost no meat，dairy or fish．This is seldom the result of religious or cultural prohibitions．If animal foods were cheaper，or if people had more money，they would eat more of them．Richard Waite of the World Resources Institute，an American think tank(智囊团)，points out that when Africans move to rich countries and open restaurants，they tend to write meat-heavy menus．
But this frugal(食肉量少的)continent is beginning to influence the global food system．Africa already imports more meat each year than China does，and the OECD’s forecasters expect imports to keep growing by more than 3％a year．
People will probably become healthier．Animal products are excellent sources of essential vitamins and minerals．Studies in several developing countries have shown that giving milk to schoolchildren makes them taller．Recent research in rural western Kenya found that children who regularly ate eggs grew 5％faster than children who did not．
Africans’changing diets also create opportunities for local businesses．As cities grow，and as people in those cities demand more animal protein，national supply chains become bigger and more complicated．Animal keepers，hatcheries，vets and trucking companies are indeed in booming years．
In the past，Africa would learn to fill shipping containers with clothes and gadgets(小商品)．But now，there are more jobs available filling bellies with meat．
4．Why do many sub-Saharan Africans eat almost no meat，dairy or fish?
A．Because meat，dairy or fish don’t suit their taste．
B．Because of some religious or cultural prohibitions．
C．Because they are too poor to afford meat，dairy or fish．
D．Because the shortage of meat，dairy or fish in the region．
5．The reasons for people’s becoming healthier are as follows except_______．
A．Animal products provide essential vitamins and minerals
B．School children provided milk are taller
C．Eating eggs regularly makes children grow faster
D．Children who don’t eat eggs don’t grow
6．How many surprising benefits are mentioned with more meat imported in Africa?
A． 1 B．2 C．3 D．4
7．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Clothing and gadgets industries play an important role in Africa．
B．Increasing food-related workers are making a living by providing food for urban areas．
C．Africans have exported clothes and gadgets to improve their living condition．
D．People can fill their bellies with meat．
C
China has embraced Western fashion and futuristic technology as its economy boomed in recent decades，but a growing number of young people are looking to the past for their clothing choices and putting on traditional“hanfu”，or“Han clothing”．
These historic costumes of the Han ethnic majority are enjoying a renaissance(新生)in part because the government is promoting traditional culture．
Period dramas have also contributed to the increase in interest for traditional Chinese costumes—“The Story of Minglan”，a TV series set in the Song Dynasty，gained more than 400 million viewers in three days when it was broadcast earlier this year．
In modern China，the hanfu community attracts people from different walks of life：from history enthusiasts to cartoon fans，to students and even young professionals．
A government-supported revival(恢复)in Chinese culture has given the hanfu community a boost．In April，the Communist Youth League of China launched a two-day conference for traditional Chinese costumes，including hanfu．A live broadcast of the event drew some 20 million viewers，alongside a heartfelt outpouring of emotions.
Clothes are the“foundation of culture，”said Jiang Xue，who is part of Beijing-based hanfu club Mowutianxia．”If we as a people and as a country do not even understand our traditional clothing，how can we talk about other essential parts of our culture?”she said．
8．In economy-boomed modern society，why does hanfu gain its popularity among young Chinese?
①The government is promoting traditional culture．
②Historical TV series arouse the interest in traditional costume．
③Hanfu is special and well-decorated．
A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．①②③
9．Which of the following words has the similar meaning of“hanfu”?
A．Han ethnic majority． B．period dramas．
C．history enthusiasts． D．traditional Chinese costume.
10．What’s the main reason to drive hanfu communities to grow fast?
A．Such communities launch conferences for traditional Chinese costumes frequently．
B．They have a great number of supporting viewers．
C．The government has released some policies to support the development of Chinese culture．
D．They always hold varieties of live broadcast．
11．What does Jiang Xue want to tell us?
A．She is a member of a hanfu club in the countryside．
B．Traditional clothing should be highly thought of in a culture．
C．Everyone should wear traditional clothing．
D．Traditional clothing is the most essential part of a culture．
D
Renting a property in the UK can be a hopeless business．The average monthly rent rose to￡932 last month and in London it is even more expensive at￡1，588，according to new figures．
With increasing rents leaving many people with barely any disposable(可支配的)income，let alone the means to save towards some necessaries，some are now choosing alternatives．
The older choice．
Office administrator Tina Gotla-Aluri，42，was struggling to cope with the￡950 a month she was paying for her house share in Putney，south-west London，when a friend suggested Share and Care Homeshare，which matches older homeowners who have a spare room with people who can offer practical help in exchange．She now lives in Putney with a man in his 90s for free and pays￡1 80 a month．
In retum，Gotla-Aluri provides companionship，goes food shopping，and cooks meals．“He is quite well travelled and food is one of the things we have bonded over，”she says．“I cook British food like Sunday dinners and sometimes Indian or Moroccan food．It’s win-win．”
Sitting it out．
While some people house-sit for free to get a taste of luxury or a different life for a few weeks，designer Jennifer Hamley，39，and her husband，Ben，37，have turned it into a way to live rent-free．
The couple house-sit through TrustedHousesitters．com，which connects home and pet owners with house-sitters and costs each part ￡89 for an annual membership．They house-sit mainly in Brighton，taking care of pets，the home，post and watering plants．
“It is a peace of mind for many homeowners．A homeowner doesn’t need to get anyone to check in on the house，and pet owners don’t have to pay dog houses，cat houses or dog walkers．”
12．Why do many people in the UK seek for other ways to rent?
A．Because they all hope to experience another way of life．
B．Because they think it coo1．
C．Because the average monthly rent is too high to afford．
D．Because many English people have large income to allow them to do so．
13．What do you know about“the older choice”?
A．“Share and Care Homeshare”Provides house infonnation for free.
B．It means the way of renting house is old—fashioned．
C．Tina now lives in Putney with an old man with only ￡180 a month to the house owner．
D．Old house-owners provide a spare room for free and the renters offer practical help in exchange．
14．About“TrustedHousesitters．com”，which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．It’s a website where house-owners with pets can advertise and seek for house-sitters．
B．It’s a website where house-sitters can search for me target houses to live rent-free．
C．House owners and house-sitters both should pay￡89 to the website every year．
D．House-sitters must pay￡89 for an annual membership while house-owners needn’t.
15．Which of the following words can best describe the attitude of the author towards the imaginative ways of renting?
A．Critical． B．Supporting． C．Neutral． D．Opposed．
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In the UK，Mother’s Day is traditionally known as Mothering Sunday． 16 ，Mother’s Day is a lot quieter than others——they usually all stay out of the public eyes．On this day，they’re a lot more like us!Since they already celebrated，keep reading to find out exactly what they do to get inspiration for your own mom——or“mum”!
1．Stay Out of the Public Eyes
There actually aren’t a ton of things on this special day．17 ——as they should!Last year，for example，Prince Harry brought then-fiancee Meghan Marble to see the queen，and they were only photographed out and discussed about the next day，which was Commonwealth Day．
2．Give Flowers to Their Mums
Since the beginning of the Mothering Sunday holiday，children have given their mums flowers，and small gifts，and the royal family sticks with this tradition 18 ，flowers are still at the top of the list for all British families on this holiday．
3．Release Photos to the Public
Although this doesn’t happen every year，the royal family have been known to release unseen photos to the public on Mother’s Day．For example，Prince William and his family released an adorable family photo on Mother’s Day back in 2014 when it was just little Prince George and his parents．In 2018，the royal family unveiled(揭开)a never-before-seen picture of Queen Elizabeth II and her family——including all of her children and husband Prince Philip——at their more private residence，Frog more，from 1 965． 19 ．
4.Spend Time With Their Mothers
20 ．Kate Middleton has been known to spend time with her royal side of the family and then head out to Berkshire to see her own mother，Carole Middleton．
A．Like all children try and do，the royal family spend time with their respective mothers on this special day
B．In fact，they just stay out of the public eyes and spend time with family
C．We also have more choices to make as for what to buy on mother’s day
D．It’s basically our version of Facebook photos
E．Though cards and gifts have made their way into the celebration in more recent years
F．And while the royals may hold various activities to celebrate the special day
G．Royal family members would rather go to church to celebrate the occasion quietly
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
“Thank you for not running me over，”I said as I lay bruised(撞伤的)and bloodied in the intersection with my bike on top of me．The man looking down at me had just 21 me with his car and I was thanking him for not running me over．In reality，I was thanking him for not 22 my goal of proving my confidence．I was planning a bike trip in the Canadian Rocky Mountains．I was both terrified and 23 at the challenge．
Biking in the Rockies wasn’t the 24 middle-aged mom trip，but I had to prove that I was more than just a middle-aged woman．I had a great life， 25 something was missing．I needed to 26 for more．When a friend mentioned going on a bike trip together，I 27 signed up．
I thanked the man again for stopping．I was 28 of how dangerous it was．All my 29 was that I was still able to bike the Rockies．The man said he’d pay for the bike 30 ，giving me his name and phone number．
Three weeks later，I rode my bike in the Rockies．The speed was exciting．I knew what it feels like to 31 a bike．I’d done it and 32 ．The man who hit me had 33 me．He released me from my 34 of falling．
I was 35 and independent as I sped down the mountain roads，no longer depressed．
21．A．met B．hit C．changed D．punished
22．A．distributing B．describing C．doubting D．ruining
23．A．shocked B．annoyed C．thrilled D．alarmed
24．A．typical B．acceptable C．traditional D．reliable
25．A．so B．and C．or D．but
26．A．ask B．explore C．wait D．apply
27．A．generously B．positively C．unwillingly D．enthusiastically
28．A．aware B．certain C．full D．fond
29．A．question B．concentration C．recreation D．imagination
30．A．bills B．parts C．repairs D．investment
31．A．fall off B．ride on C．run after D．put away
32．A．regretted B．fled C．disappeared D．survived
33．A．scared B．1iberated C．interrupted D．emptied
34．A．edge B．eagerness C．fear D．carefulness
35．A．relaxed B．concerned C．puzzled D．bored
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has risen 36 (rapid)in the mobile internet industry with the number of mobile internet users reaching 820 million in 2018，up 9％year-on-year， 37 was driven by the explosive 38 (grow)in the short video market，an internet report said．
The data flow of China’s mobile internet surged 189％last year 39 (compare)with the same period in the previous year，with rate accelerating year by year，said the much-anticipated annual report of Mary Meeker，a partner at venture capital provider Klein Perkins Coalfield& Byers．Up to 2019，Chinese internet users 40 (spend)more than 600 million hours watching short videos per day on average，Meeker said in her report．
41 report has noted that China is catching up as a centre for the world’s 42 (big)internet companies．The country is home 43 seven of the world’s top 30 tech giants，including Ali baba，Competence，Meantime—Diane，Baikal and Ne Tease．
It was statistics from the China Castigating Services Association 44 showed China’s short video market increased 744．7 percent year-on-year to 46．7 billion yuan($6．8 billion)in 2018．Total short video users in China stood at 648 million last year，45 (account)for 78．2 percent of the country’s overall online population．
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华，你们学校将于下周星期三下午3点到5点在学校演讲厅举行中华经典文学朗诵活动，你知道在中国留学的美国好友Peter对中国的文学很感兴趣，特邀请他到时参加，请你给他写一封信，内容包括：
1．活动的时间与地点；
2．活动的形式与内容；
3．期待对方接受邀请。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数为150左右。
I wanted to share this amazing incident with everyone．I was at the Bangalore airport waiting for my flight to go home．I went to get dinner at a restaurant in the airport．
Although I was not very hungry，I knew I could eat a little something．So，I ordered a rice dish called Bisi Bele Bhaat——a south Indian preparation of rice and lentils with vegetables，tamarind and spices．I ate a few spoonfuls．
On the table next to mine，two couples were seated．I overheard their conversation and knew that they were hungry and were waiting for food．I wanted to ask them if they wanted to share my food with me．I was too shy．
But I gathered the courage and asked them anyway．They were actually very happy and without any hesitation one of them said Yes! It was not a lot but they could start eating．The ladies were very happy．
One said that not many people would ask such a thing，and that it’s very nice that I asked．They said that wasting food is not a good thing．She also mentioned that she wished they had ordered rice as well，as it tasted great．We shared some stories．She said that they would remember this incident for a long time．I felt very good seeing the delight in them．They told me it felt amazingly good to see Americans in a foreign country．We exchanged business cards and agreed to keep in touch when back to the US．
Nothing special cattle up until I was heading home from the airport in a taxi at midnight．
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I was on the point of breaking down when I heard a not-so-familiar voice．__________
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