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河南省南阳市第一中学2020届高三上学期第三次月考英语试题
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南阳市一中2019年秋期高三第三次月考
英语试题
第一部分听力 (略)
第二部分阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Shellharbour City Library provides a range of Library Special Needs Services for people who are unable to access our library service in the usual way. As long as you live in Shellharbour City, we'll provide a full range of library services and resources including:
● Large printed and ordinary printed books
● Talking books on tape and CD
● DVDs and music CDs
● Magazines
● Reference and information requests
You will be asked to complete a “Statement of Need” application form which must be signed by a medical professional.
Home delivery service
Let us know what you like to read and we will choose the resources for you. Our staff will deliver the resources to your home for free. We also provide a service where we can choose the resources for you or someone instead of you chooses the things from the library. You can also choose the resources you need personally.
Talking books and captioned videos
The library can provide talking books for people who are unable to use printed books because of eye diseases. You don't have to miss out on reading any more when you can borrow talking books from the library. If you have limited hearing which prevents you from enjoying movies, we can provide captioned videos for you at no charge.
Languages besides English
We can provide books in a range of languages besides English. If possible, we will request these items from the State Library of NSW, Australia.
How to join?
Contact the Library Special Needs Coordinator to register or discuss if you are eligible (合适的) for any of the services we provide—Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday 9am—5pm on 4297 2522 for more information.
1. What are Library Special Needs Services meant for?
A. those who are fond of reading
B. only those who have walking disabilities
C. people living in Shellharbour City with an illness or disability
D. those who can't get medical help in Shellharbour City
2. If people with eye diseases want to learn about history, what can they choose?
A. talking books B. captioned videos
C. magazines D. large printed books
3. What must you do to get home delivery service?
A. only choose printed books B. register ahead of time
C. pay the library ahead of time D. have others choose the resources for you
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了Sheilarbour 市图书馆提供的Library Special Needs Service, 具体介绍了其服务的内容及针对的人群。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句Sheilarbour City Library provides a rang of Library Special Needs Service for people who are unable to access our library service in the usual way.可知，这一服务是为那些生活在Sheilarbour City有疾病或残疾的人提供的。所以C选项是正确的。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段第一句The library can provide talking books for people who are unable to use printed books because of eye disease.可知，如果有眼疾的人想了解历史，应该选择会说话的书。所以A选项是正确的。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句Contact the Library Special Needs Coordinator to register or discuss if you are eligible for any of the services we provider可知，为了得到送货的服务，你应该提前登记。所以B选项是正确的。
B
A few years ago, my husband Charlie and I had marital problems. Growing family responsibilities and financial worries took a toll on us and we began arguing frequently, often late into the night.
However, neither of us could take the step that would end our eleven-year marriage and bring heartbreak to our three young children. Deep down we knew we still loved each other, so we determined to work it out. Through countless discussions, we began to close the gulf. The more honest we were, the closer we became.
When I felt we were reaching solid ground, I asked my husband to give me an “eternity (永恒) ring”. It was not so much the ring I wanted; it was the reassurance (保证) I thought it would bring.
We went shopping on a beautiful summer day. We walked hand in hand along a row of jeweler’s shops. Finally I found a ring I liked. While waiting for it to be adjusted, the jeweler took my left hand and glanced at my engagement ring. “May I clean it for you?” he asked. “It really doesn’t sparkle like it used to.” Charlie said as I slipped the ring off my finger. A few minutes later the jeweler was back. The ring shone like new!
On the drive home, I didn’t take my eyes off it. I forgot all about the eternity ring. I just couldn’t believe how this old ring suddenly sparkled the way it had the day Charlie gave it to me. I had taken it for granted these past years, but with a little polish it could still make my heart beat fast.
And that’s the way it is with a marriage. You have to work at keeping it polished and new, or else the grime (污垢) of the passing years will hide the joy. I put my hand on the seat between us and spread my fingers. Charlie covered my hand with his. I felt I was lucky to be able to see the sparkle in something gold when I thought I needed something new.
4. Why did the author and her husband decide to solve the problems?
A. They were a famous couple. B. They didn’t want to divorce.
C. The problems were not serious. D. They had experience in doing so.
5. What does the underlined part in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. free of trouble B. arriving at a square
C. wealthy and generous D. in good relationship
6. Why did the author forget all about the eternity ring on their way back home?
A. Her husband kept it for her. B. They didn’t actually pay for it.
C. The old ring’s light attracted her attention. D. The couple were talking all the way merrily.
7. What does the author mainly want to express in the last paragraph?
A. We tend to prefer new objects to old ones.
B. One should remain thankful for what he has got.
C. Marriage should be constantly polished.
D. We should try to rediscover the true value of old objects.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者和丈夫曾经有过婚烟问题，但双方均未想要离婚，而是努力解决双方之间的问题。当作者提出和丈夫一起去买永恒戒指的时候，由戒指除垢感悟到平凡的婚烟也应该像戒指一样经常除垢，让它重新生机勃勃。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Deep down we knew we still loved each other, so we determined to work it out.”，作者和丈夫仍然相互爱对方，都不想结束他们的婚烟，不想使孩子们伤心，所以他们决定要解决他们之间的问题。故B项正确。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“Through countless discussions, we began to close the gulf. The more honest we were, the closer we became.”可知，作者和丈夫解决了他们之间的问题，关系越来越融治。再根据画线部分所在句子中的“I asked my husband to give me an “eternity (永恒) ring””可推知，作者感觉她和丈夫的关系已经很好了，他们已经和好如初了。故D项正确。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“On the drive home, I didn’t take my eyes off it.”可知，作者在回家的路上眼睛一直盯着那枚结婚戒指，因为它经过擦拭后重新放出了光芒，犹如丈夫刚给她的那天一样。早已忘记他们是要去买“永恒戒指”。故C项正确。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“And that’s the way it is with a marriage. You have to work at keeping it polished and new, or else the grime (污垢) of the passing years will hide the joy.”可知，作者认为对待婚姻也应该像对待那枚戒指一样，经常除垢，经常发现婚姻生活中的闪光点，使婚姻保持新鲜。故C项正确。
【点睛】本文小题2考查了词义猜测题，由第二段最后一句可知“作者和丈夫解决了他们之间的问题。他们的关系已经恢复了”，可知该短语意为“in good relationship”。本题主要运用上下文语境猜测参与。通过上下文的具体信息猜测词义是目前高考阅读理解题中最常见的一种命题形式。
（2014重庆卷，A篇）59. What does the underlined word “antics” refer to?
A. Smart words. B. Unusual actions. C. Surprising Looks. D. Anxious feelings.
解析：B。由上文she rushed in, seized the phone, tore off the wires, and shouted at the phone…And she swept it into the wastebasket.以及She stepped to the doorway and shouted at the rest of the house, “Now hear this! All objects in this room — if you do anything to upset my husband, out you go!” 可知，作者的妻子听到作者的吼叫声后，做了一些古怪的事情，如将电话机扔进垃圾箱、对着屋子里的东西喊话等。而正是她的这些古怪的行为让作者突然意识到了自己的失控。由上文这些信息可推知“antics”指的是Unusual actions。
C
Have you ever heard a rumor spread around by students at your school? Rumors, like fake news, can often misinform individuals and lead them to believe false information.
In an attempt to settle this problem, the country of Singapore has passed a bill that bans companies and individuals from publishing false information online.
This law, known as The Protection From Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Bill, has caused a public outcry (强烈的抗议), as the government has been given the power to remove content that it considers inaccurate or against the public’s interest.
Since Singapore’s citizens are part of different racial and religious groups, the government fears that rumors or fake news can increase tensions within an already small country.
With the new law coming into effect, Singapore’s government now has the authority to monitor news sites, social media platforms, and other databases of information to determine whether the content is falsified. The government can order for the removal of fake news, and publishers of this information can receive prison time and fines up to one million Singapore dollars!
Critics fear that the bill threatens their freedom of speech and freedom of expression. Since national issues and world news are generally discussed on online platforms, many are concerned that this new bill will prevent individuals from talking freely and having healthy conversations.
Several companies, including Google, Facebook, and Twitter, have offices situated in Singapore, meaning that the new law will affect their company operations. Social media companies in Singapore could face a decline in activity, as users may fear posting their opinions and being punished by the government.
Others are concerned that the law does not clearly state what a “false statement” is. Such an ambiguity might allow the government to misuse their power, even though the intention is to curtail the mow of false information and rumors throughout Singapore.
This law does give rise to several concerns related to freedom and privacy and it will be interesting to see what Singapore’s government will do to deal with this problem.
8. Why are some people against the bill?
A. They think the bill can’t get rid of fake news.
B. They belong to different racial and religious groups.
C. They think their freedom of speech may be harmed.
D. They don’t want to increase tensions in their country.
9. What does the government have the right to do under the new law?
A. Punish publishers of fake news.
B. Monitor telephone conversations.
C. Prohibit certain people from going online.
D. Fine fake-news makers any amount of money.
10. How will the new law affect social media companies in Singapore?
A. Their users’ privacy may be disturbed.
B. Their income will increase very slowly.
C. Their illegal activities will come to light.
D. Their social media may become less active.
11. What does the underlined word in paragraph 8 probably mean?
A. prove B. accelerate
C. promote D. decrease
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. D
【解析】
本文是一篇新闻报道类文章。新加坡通过了一个旨在惩罚虚假新闻发布者法案，一些人认为这会影响到他们的言论自由而强烈抗议。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“…the government has been given the power to remove content that it considers inaccurate or against the public’s interest.”及第六段第一句“Critics fear that the bill threatens their freedom of speech and freedom of expression.”可知，一些人强烈地抗议新法案是因为新法案给政府赋予了删除不准确或不符合公共利益的内容的权力。这些人认为这会影响到他们的言论自由。故C项正确。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“The government can order for the removal of fake news, and publishers of this information can receive prison time and fines up to one million Singapore dollars!”可知，新法案生效后政府有权惩罚虚假新闻制造者。故A项正确。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第七段第二句“Social media companies in Singapore could face a decline inactivity, as users may fear posting their opinions and being punished by the government.”可知，社交媒体的使用者因害怕发表言论受到惩罚而降低活跃度。故D项正确。
【11题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段“the government fears that rumors or fake news can increase tensions within an already small country”可知，新加坡政府通过这个法案的初衷就是为了避免虚假新闻在国内造成局势紧张。画线单词所在句的意思为：如此模糊的概念可能允许政府在这方面滥用权力，尽管政府的意图是为了抑制错误信息和流言蜚语在新加坡境内的传播。故该词意为“减少”，所以D项正确。
D
Some kinds of mental skills naturally decrease as people get older. Yet research seems to show that some training can improve such skills. A recently published study also appears to demonstrate that the good effects of training can last for many years after that training has ended.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University in Maryland wanted to learn how long memory and thinking skills would last in older people who trained to keep them. The people were part of the ten-year research project. They were taught methods meant to improve their memory, thinking and ability to perform everyday tasks.
More than 2,800 volunteered for the study called ACTIVE - short for Advanced (Cognitive) Training for Independent and Vital Elderly. Most studied when they were more than 70 years old.
The volunteers took one of several short training classes meant to help them keep their mental abilities. One class trained participants in skills including how to remember word lists. Another group trained in reasoning. A third group received help with speed-of-processing - speed of receiving and understanding information. A fourth group - the control group did not get any training.
Earlier results had established that the training helped the participants for up to five years. Now, lead study writer George Rebok says, the research showed most of the training remained effective a full ten years later.
Professor Rebok and his team found that the people trained in reasoning and speed-of-processing did better on tests than the control group.
"We are wondering whether those effects which endured over time would still be there ten years following the training, and in fact, that's exactly what we found."
The effect on memory, however, seemed not to last as long. Still, the old people in any of the three classes generally reported less difficulty in performing daily activities than the control group. The total training time for the older people was between 10 and 15 hours.
12. Which statement is true according to the text？
A. This kind of training can only have effect on people for a few years。
B. The people were trained during a period of ten years.
C. All the people who were studied were more than 70 years old.
D. The second group were trained how to remember word lists.
13. What can be inferred from the passage？
A. There were four groups being trained.
B. The old people trained can remember words better.
C. The second and third group improved their skills better than the first one.
D. The research showed that the effect of the training could absolutely last 10 years.
14. What’s the main idea of the fourth paragragh？
A. What was the meaning of the research？
B. How was the research conducted？
C. Why was the mental training effective？
D. How long did the research last？
15. What is the best title of the passage？
A. Mental Training Helped Elderly Stay Sharp for Years
B. How to improve our mental health
C. Four groups of old people were trained mentally.
D. The result of a ten-year research
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。随着年龄的增长，人们的某些心理机能也在衰退，然而最近有研究表示这些机能可以通过训练重新获得，而且通过训练后这些机能保持很长一段时间。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段A recently published study also appears toattestthat the good effects of training can last for many years after that training has ended.“最近一项已发表的调查证明，训练带来的好处将在训练结束后的多年后持续存在。”故答案是A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第八段Still, the old people in any of the three classes generally reported less difficulty in performing daily activities than the control group.“据报道，在这三组的老人们在完成日常活动方面仍然比控制组的老人要好。”故答案为D。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段A recently published study also appears to attest，最近一项已发表的调查证明，Attest“证明，作证”；A.Affect.“影响，感动，作用”； B. Deny“否认，拒绝承认，自制”；C. Prove“证明，检验，结果是”；D. Improve“改善，改进，提高”；故答案为C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，主要内容为科学家发现对老年人进行相关训练以弥补其因年老而带来的心理机能衰退，故答案为B。
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Art of Slow Reading
If you are reading this article in print, chances are that you will only get through half of what I have written. And if you are reading this online, you may not even finish a fifth. ____16____ They suggest that many of us no longer have the concentration to read articles through to their conclusion.
So are we getting stupider? Actually, our online habits are damaging the mental power we need to process and understand textual information. Round-the-clock news makes us read from one article to the next without necessarily engaging fully with any of the content. Our reading is frequently interrupted by the noise of the latest email and we are now absorbing short bursts of words on Twitter and Facebook more regularly than longer texts. ____17____ But we are gradually forgetting how to sit back, think carefully, and relate all the facts to each other.
____18____ A desperate bunch of academics want us to take our time while reading, and re-reading. They ask us to switch off our computers every so often and rediscover both the joy of personal engagement with printed texts, and the ability to process them fully. What's to be done then? Most slow readers realize that total rejection of the web is extremely unrealistic. They feel that getaway from technology for a while is the answer. ____19____ Personally, I'm not sure whether I could ever go offline for long. Even while writing this article, I am switching constantly between sites, skimming too often, absorbing too little. Internet reading has become too rooted in my daily life for me to change. I read essays and articles not in hard copy but as PDFs. I suspect that many readers are in a similar position. ____20____ You can download a computer application called Freedom, which allows you to read in peace by cutting off your Internet connection. Or if you want to avoid being disturbed by the Internet, you could always download offline reader Instapaper for your iPhone. If you're still reading my article, that is slow reading.
A. The Internet is probably part of the problem.
B. Now some campaigns are advocating slow reading.
C. These are the two findings from the recent research projects.
D. But if you just occasionally want to read more slowly, help is at hand.
E. Some of them have suggested turning their computers off for one day a week.
F. Slow reading can help connect a reader to neighborhood and become popular.
G. Because of the Internet, we have become very good at collecting information.
【答案】16. C 17. G
18. B 19. E
20. D
【解析】
本文讲述的是“慢读的艺术”。 研究表明我们中的许多人不再专注于阅读文章，实际上，我们的网络习惯正在破坏我们处理和理解文本信息所需要的精神力量。大多数慢读者意识到，完全拒绝网络是非常不现实的，他们觉得暂时摆脱科技是解决问题的办法。
【16题详解】
根据下文：他们认为，我们中的许多人不再专注于阅读文章。此处的they应该是指代前文出现的事物，也就是C项中的the two findings，“最近的研究项目有两个发现。”故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上句：我们的阅读经常被最新电子邮件的噪音所打断，我们现在在Twitter和Facebook上吸收简短的一连串的单词比长篇大论更有规律。故可知因为有了互联网，我们变得非常善于收集信息。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据下文：一群极度渴望的学者希望我们在阅读或重读的时候要放慢速度。故可知现在一些活动提倡缓慢阅读。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文：大多数慢读者意识到，完全拒绝网络是非常不现实的。他们觉得暂时摆脱科技是解决问题的办法。由此推知，E项Some of them have suggested turning their computers off for one day a week.（他们中的一些人建议每周把电脑关掉一天。）与上文匹配。
【20题详解】
根据空格下句：你可以下载一个叫做Freedom的电脑程序，这样你就可以通过切断你的网络连接来阅读。由此可知此处的意思是：如果你只是偶尔想要读得慢一些，那么帮助就在手边。故选D。
【名师点睛】
做七选五时“尤其代词不可放”是说：在填空处的前后语境中出现的一些代词不可忽视。有这样一道题：”They can be rich resources to improve your knowledge.”，该选项中凭空多出一个代词they，这说明什么问题？代词是起替代作用的，一定是前文出现的事物被they替代了，找到被替代的名词就可以了。往文中一找，前面的语境是“Volunteering brings together all kinds of people.所以they替代的就是前文的all kinds of people短语。这样的现象在七选五中是很多见了，能帮助大家解决不少难题。本题第1小题，根据下文：他们认为，我们中的许多人不再专注于阅读文章。此处的they应该是指代前文出现的事物，也就是C项中的the two findings，“最近的研究项目有两个发现。”故选C。
第三部分英语知识运用（共三节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分, 满分20分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
What's all this tree- - planting for? " I was asked when I began writing about ___21___ a piece of land I had bought in Somerset. The truth is, I just love trees. And I am not ___22___ AsI get older, all I really ___23___ is to plant trees , Prince Charles says in a BBC documentary in which he is ___24___ in the wood he planted on the day Prince George was born.
There are ___25___ and wonderful trees in our cities and villages. They were planted, or self- sown, years, even centuries ago. We take them for granted, ___26___ the creatures living among them, remain in ignorance of the ___27___ trees are doing us(cleaning the air, for instance) and cut them down for new ___28___. Yet we keep a feeling of ___29___ for them. This may account for the ___30___ the government faced in 2010 when it sought to sell off publicly owned woods, and for the wide support that the Woodland Trust (a tree-protecting charity) ___31___.
Trees need ___32___, which is why I, a city-resident, bought my Somerset woodland in 1999. At that time, climate change was already well proved, ___33___ my hopes of planting long-lived oaks and pines gradually developed into anxiety about their ___34___. Tree diseases new to the UK, wind, drought and flood were all ___35___ against them.
But I did not ___36___ things to move so fast. The woodland is still good, the new trees are growing like mad, but the creatures are ___37___. The rabbits have disappeared and the owl has moved. The bees and butterflies are ___38___ there but in smaller numbers. How can this happen on land ___39___ pesticides (杀虫剂)？Surely, it indicates we need to give nature the chance to restore its own ___40___. Meanwhile, I love my wood, and so do many of its visitors. And tree-planting has done wonders for restoring my balance town and country.
21. A. replacing B. restoring C. recycling D. returning
22. A. rich B. weak C. alone D. social
23. A. apply for B. wait for C. make for D. long for
24. A. filmed B. tracked C. reflected D. discovered
25. A. holy B. young C. mature D. mysterious
26. A. raise B. watch C. ignore D. abuse
27. A. honor B. good C. credit D. justice
28. A. use B. spirit C. life D. hope
29. A. trust B. sadness C. betrayal D. affection
30. A. approval B. opposition C. option D. dilemma
31. A. wins B. rejects C. requires D. withdraws
32. A. space B. time C. company D. nutrition
33. A. since B. for C. yet D. so
34. A. benefits B. chances C. location D. appearance
35. A. piling up B. speeding up C. keeping up D. mixing up
36. A. wish B. intend C. allow D. expect
37. A. in place B. in order C. in decline D. in question
38. A. even B. still C. ever D. once
39. A. short of B. sick of C. free of D. full of
40. A. glory B. function C. impact D. balance
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. D
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。作者写树木给人带来的好处，和自己买下一块萨默塞特林地种树，种树的目的就是维持人与自然的平衡。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我写我在恢复萨默塞特购买的那片土地时，我被问道：种这些树是为了什么？A. replacing替代；B. restoring恢复；C. recycling回收利用；D. returning归还。根据最后一句And tree-planting has done wonders for restoring my balance town and country，得知作者种树是为了恢复土地，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不是只有我一个人有这种想法。A. rich富有的；B. weak虚弱的；C. alone独自的；D. social社会的。空格后引用了 Prince Charles的话—“我开始变老,我所想的就是种树”,可见他与作者有相同的观点，因而作者说自己 not alone。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着年龄增长，我唯一渴望的就是种树。A. apply for申请；B. wait for等待；C. make for有助于；D. long for渴望。作者唯一渴望的就是种树，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Prince Charles在他参演的BBC纪录片里面说到“我开始变老。我所想的就是种树”。A. filmed拍摄；B. tracked追踪；C. reflected反射；D. discovered发现。根据 documentary(纪录片)可知选 filmed。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这有成熟美丽的大树。A. holy神圣的；B. young年轻的；C. mature成熟的；D. mysterious神秘的。空格后面一句写到这些树被种或者自己成长在几年以前或者是几个世纪前，因而推测出我们村庄的这些树是成熟的(mature)，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们认为这些树是理所当然的，忽视了生活在其中的其他生物，忽视了树给我们带来的净化空气等等的好处砍下树木另作他用。A. raise上升；B. watch看；C. ignore忽略；D. abuse滥用。空格后有 Ignorance,所以这里选择 Ignore。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：忽视了树给我们带来的净化空气等等的好处砍下树木另作他用。A. honor荣誉；B. good好处；C. credit信用；D. justice正义。空格后有 clean the air(净化空气)等好处,所以选择good赞扬树木。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：忽视了生活在其中的其他生物，忽视了树给我们带来的净化空气等等的好处砍下树木另作他用。A. use用途；B. spirit精神；C. life生活；D. hope希望。人们忽视树木的好处，为了新的用途而砍树，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们对树木有喜爱之情。A. trust信任；B. sadness悲伤；C. betrayal背叛；D. affection喜爱。根据上文yet表示转折，上文写我们忽视了树木给我们带来的好处，砍伐他们，然而我们内心对树木还是有喜爱之情的。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可以解释政府在2010年试图卖掉公有树木时遭遇了反对，因为获得了广泛的支持，。A. approval支持；B. opposition反对；C. option选择；D. dilemma困境。 Woodland Trust(树木保护组织)获胜了。上文是公众喜爱树木,所以应该是反对政府卖树的。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：树木保护组织赢了。A. wins赢；B. rejects拒绝；C. requires要求；D. withdraws撤退。因为获得了 wide support所以 Woodland Trust(树木保护组织)赢了。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：树木生长需要空间。A. space空间；B. time 时间；C. company公司；D. nutrition营养。,我在1999年买下萨默塞特林地的原因是树木需要空间。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查连接词辨析。句意：当时，气候变化已经得到了很好的证明，所以我种植长寿橡树和松树的希望逐渐变成了焦虑。。A. since自从；B. for因为；C. yet但是；D. so因此。前后是因果关系。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时，气候变化已经得到了很好的证明，所以我种植长寿橡树和松树的希望逐渐变成了焦虑。。A. benefits益处；B. chances机会；C. location位置；D. appearance外表。气候变化已被证实,所以我对树木是否有生长机会的忧虑。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：狂风、干旱、洪水共同抵抗他们。。A. piling up堆积；B. speeding up加速；C. keeping up 保持；D. mixing up混合。这里讲到影响树木生长的阻碍。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我没预料到事态发展的如此之快。A. wish祈求；B. intend打算；C. allow允许；D. expect期待；预料。因为林地目前很好，但新树苗在疯长。故选D。
37题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：生物的数量在减少。A. in place适当的；B. in order整齐；C. in decline下降；D. in question考虑中的。上文提到树木在疯长，用but转折可知 creatures的数量应该在减少(in decline)。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：蚂蚁和蝴蝶仍然有，但是数量减少了。A. even甚至；B. still仍然；C. ever曾经；D. once一旦。,根据减少得知前面是虽然still存在。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：我们如何让这片土地上的生物摆脱杀虫剂呢？。A. short of缺乏；B. sick of厌恶；C. free of摆脱；D. full of充满。杀虫剂阻碍生物生长，要摆脱它们。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们要给自然机会去维持自身的均衡。A. glory荣誉；B. function功能；C. impact影响；D. balance平衡。我们要给自然机会去维持自身的均衡,和最后一句 restore my balance呼应。故选D。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Up to 82 percent of children with healthy mothers are not easy to be obese（肥胖的）, according to research. A mother, ____41____ has a healthy weight, exercises regularly, eats a healthy diet, doesn’t smoke and only ____42____(drink) wine in moderation, is significantly less likely ____43____(have)a fat child, scientists say.
And research suggests it could be more to do with nurture(养育)____44____ nature, as a mother's lifestyle appears ____45____(direct) linked to the health of her child. When both mother and child follow a healthy lifestyle, the risk of obesity ____46____(reduce)even more, the study of more than 24,000 children found.
The study examined the medical history and lifestyles of more than 24,000 children aged nine ____47____ fourteen, born to almost 17,000 women in the US. Researchers looked at the link between overall mother health and likelihood of a child ____48____(be) obese.
The mother's health was judged on her height-to-weight ratio(比例), her diet, amount of physical ____49____(active), smoking status and how much alcohol she drank. A healthy weight and diet, regular exercise, no smoking and moderate drinking all reduce the chance of a woman having _____50_____ obese child.
【答案】41. who
42. drinks 43. to have
44. than 45. directly
46. is reduced
47. to 48. being
49. activity
50. an
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现健康的体重和饮食，定期锻炼，不吸烟以及适度饮酒都能降低女性生肥胖孩子的几率。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：专家称，一个体重正常、经常锻炼、饮食健康、不吸烟、适量饮酒的母亲生出肥胖孩子的可能性要小得多。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词为mother，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故填who。
【42题详解】
考查主谓一致和时态。句意参考上题解析。此处与has，exercises和eats等作并列谓语，时态为一般现在时，应该用第三人称单数形式，故填drinks。
【43题详解】
考查不定式。句意参考第1题解析。be likely to do表示“可能做某事”，故填to have。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：研究表明，这可能更多地与后天因素有关，而不是先天因素，因为母亲的生活方式似乎与孩子的健康直接相关。根据前面的“more”判断此处用than表示比较，故填than。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意参考上题解析。修饰linked用副词，故填directly。
【46题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：这项对24,000名儿童进行的研究发现，当母亲和孩子都遵循健康的生活方式时，肥胖的风险甚至会降低更多。描述的是客观事实，he risk of obesity与reduce之间是被动关系，应该用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is reduced。
【47题详解】
考查介词。这项研究调查了美国近17,000名妇女所生24,000多名9到14岁的儿童的病史和生活方式。from…to…表示“从……到”，故填to。
【48题详解】
考查分词作定语。句意：研究人员研究了母亲的整体健康状况与孩子肥胖的可能性之间的关系。child是逻辑主语，空格处作介词of的宾语用动名词，故填being。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：母亲的健康状况由身高体重比、饮食、运动量、吸烟情况和饮酒量等因素决定。此处的运动表示抽象意义，不可数，故填activity。
【50题详解】
考查冠词。句意：健康体重和饮食，定期锻炼，不吸烟以及适度饮酒都能降低女性生一个肥胖孩子的几率。此处泛指一个肥胖的孩子，obese以元音音素开头，故填an。
第三节
单句填空
51. With my __________(patient) running out, I shouted at her.
52. His cartoon-books which are full of __________(imagine) are very popular with the young.
53. Having taken a drink, I got a headache and felt rather __________(comfort).
54. The porter was weighed down by large quantities of __________(行李).
55. The room __________(measure) 6*6 meters actually houses up to 10 people.
56. Our classroom __________(equip) with modern equipment, enabling us to learn effectively.
57. Everyone __________(presence) at the meeting welcomed the decision.
58. The boy looked __________(anxiety) at his parents, as if asking for forgiveness.
59. The government has worked out a new regulation __________(aim) at reducing the road accidents.
60. He had a car accident and the blood __________(flow) immediately from the cut on his head.
【答案】51. patience
52. imagination
53. uncomfortable
54. luggage/baggage
55. measuring
56. is equipped
57. present
58. anxiously
59. aimed/aiming
60. flowed
【解析】
【51题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着我的耐心耗尽，我对她大喊。介词with的后面要接名词充当宾语，所以横线处要填patient的名词形式，故答案为patience。
【52题详解】
考查名词。句意：他充满想象的卡通书非常受年轻人的欢迎。形容词短语be full of的后面要接名词做宾语。所以横线处要填动词imagine的名词形式，故答案为imagination。
【53题详解】
考查形容词和句意理解。句意：喝完一杯以后，我头疼，而且感觉很不舒服。在英语中通常使用形容词和系动词构成系表结构，所以系动词felt的后面要接形容词。根据句意可知横线处应该填否定意义的形容词，故答案为uncomfortable。
【54题详解】
考查名词。句意：大量的行李让这个搬运工疲于奔命。名词luggage/baggage意为“行李”，都是不可数名词，在句中充当介词by的宾语。故答案为luggage/baggage。
【55题详解】
考查分词做定语。句意：这个面积量起来达到36平方米的房间实际上可以容纳多达10个人。系动词measure意为“量起来……”，没有被动语态和进行时态。本句中现在分词短语measuring 6*6 meters在句中做定语修饰the room，相当于定语从句which measures。故答案为measuring。
【56题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：我们班级里配备了现代化设备，让我们能够有效学习。固定短语be equipped with意为“配备有……”，在句中充当谓语部分，主语是单数名词our classroom，谓语部分要用单数形式。故答案为is equipped。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：出席会议的所有人都欢迎这个决定。句中应该使用形容词短语作定语修饰不定代词everyone，名词presence的形容词是present。故答案为present。
【58题详解】
考查副词。句意：那个男孩焦虑地看着他的父母亲，好像请求他们的宽恕。在英语中通常用副词作状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或者谓语，本句中应该使用副词修饰动词短语look at。名词anxiety的副词形式为anxiously。故答案为anxiously。
【59题详解】
考查分词用法。句意：政府已经制定出了一个目的在于减少道路事故的新规则。动词短语aim at doing sth意为“旨在于做某事”，该短语和a new regulation构成主动关系，可以用现在分词短语aiming at……做定语。形容词短语be aimed at doing与aim at doing sth意义相同。可以使用形容词定语aimed at……做定语。故答案为aimed/aiming。
【60题详解】
考查时态。句意：他遇到了交通事故，血立刻从头部的伤口处流了出来。根据前半句中“had a car accident”可知，本句讲述的是过去发生的事情，后半句中的并列结构也应该使用一般过去时，故答案为flowed。
第四部分 英语写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节
61.短文改错
Smoking is widespread habit even among teenage students. The number of young smokers are increasing. It is estimated that over 10% of the senior high school students have tried smoking once or more and some of them even steal money from their parent to buy cigarettes, that is terrible.
As it is known to all, smoking is harmful for health. And it’s even more harmful to teenage students for it does greatly harm not only to their health but also to their mind.
Teenage students are future builders of the country. They should spend their time learn what is useful but keep a healthy lifestyle as well. So it’s high time that teenage smokers make up their minds to give up smoking.
【答案】1.widespread前加a
2. are→is
3.parent→parents
4 that→which
5. it去掉
6. for→to
7. greatly→great
8. learn→learning
9. but→and
10. make→made或在make前加should
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文，介绍了吸烟对年轻学生的危害，不仅会伤害年轻人的健康，而且还会伤害他们的思想，呼吁年轻学生戒烟。
【详解】1. 考查不定冠词。句意：吸烟是一个甚至在年轻学生中也广泛传播的习惯。表示抽烟是一个习惯，句中名词habit是单数可数名词，所以要使用不定冠词泛指一个习惯。故要在is后面加a。
2. 考查主谓一致。句意：年轻吸烟者的数量一直在上升。名词短语the number of…意为“……的数量”，后谓语动词应该用单数形式。所以要把are改为is。
3. 考查名词复数形式。句意：一些高中生甚至从他们父母亲那里偷钱买烟。句中their可知，后面要接可数名词复数形式，这里应该用复数形式parents。所以要把parent改为parents。
4. 考查定语从句。句意：一些高中生甚至从他们父母亲那里偷钱买烟，这真是太糟糕了。我们不能用that引导非限定性定语从句，应该用which指代一句话的内容，引导非限制性定语从句。所以要把that改为which。
5. 考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，吸烟有害健康。本句是一个由as引导的非限定性定语从句，as指代后面的主句，it多余。所以要删除it。
6. 考查固定短语。句意：众所周知，吸烟有害健康。固定搭配be harmful to意为“对……有害”。所以要把for改为to。
7. 考查形容词。句意：吸烟对年轻学生更加有害，因为它不仅极大的伤害他们的健康，还伤害了他们的思维。在英语中通常使用形容词做定语修饰名词。所以本句中用形容词形式great修饰限定名词harm。故要把greatly改为great。
8. 考查固定句型。句意：他们应该把时间花在学习有用的知识和保持健康的生活方式上。考查了spend some time doing sth这一固定句式结构。所有要把learn改为learning。
9. 考查连词。句意：他们应该把时间花在学习有用的知识和保持健康的生活方式上。根据句意可知本句表示并列关系，此处用and连接两个并列谓语。所以要把but改为and。
10. 考查虚拟语气。句意：所以选择是年轻人下定决心戒烟的时候了。该句应该使用虚拟语气，其结构为：It is (high) time that sb did/should do sth。所以要把make改为made或在make前加should。
【点睛】本题小题3考查了名词的单复数形式。在改错题中，名词的考点主要是查名词是否可数，与其修饰词是否一致以及主谓一致。例如：
1) I have many hobby, such as playing football, singing, and listening to music.
解析：hobby是可数名词，前面有many修饰，说明要用复数形式hobbies。
2) Doing exercises do good to our health.
解析：exercise作“运动”讲是不可数名词，要把exercises改为exercise；动名词短语doing exercise做主语谓语动词要用单数形式，要把do改为does。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
62.假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 能做的事情。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 结束语已为你写好。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer for the Chinese Painting Exhibition which will be held in your art gallery. I think I am qualified for this job, because I have learned Chinese painting since childhood. Besides, I am fluent in both Chinese and English, which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings. If I am lucky enough to be chosen as a volunteer, I can show visitors around the gallery and get them to know more about Chinese painting.
I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达要求写一封申请信，属于书信应用文。
【详解】1.审题立意
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写申请信，人称使用第一人称和第二人称，时态用一般现在时。
2.谋篇布局
书信格式，称呼和落款文中已经给出。首段，写信的目的，中间段写个人优势和能做的事，最后一段总结。
3. 关键词和句子
根据写作要点及构思好的提纲我们可以初步确定文章可能使用到的词汇和句子有：volunteer，a Chinese Painting Exhibition，advantages，I am good at…，I can help with/I’ll devote myself to…。通过词汇铺垫，我们就很容易地行文了，文章写完之后要检查文中是否存在拼写或语法错误，并增加一些细节和过渡性的词汇，如First of all，Besides，to begin with，moreover，as for me，Last but not least等，使全文衔接自然，语义流畅。
【点睛】本文开门见山，表达了写信的目的；之后详细介绍了个人的优势和能做的事情，详略得当，内容完整，同时使用了高级词汇和高级句子。高级词汇：be qualified for，be fluent in，be beneficial for等；高级句式：because I have learned Chinese painting since childhood此处使用了原因状语从句。which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings.使用了非限制性定语从句。If I am lucky enough to be chosen as a volunteer, I can show visitors around the gallery and get them to know more about Chinese painting.使用了条件状语从句。
南阳市一中2019年秋期高三第三次月考
英语试题
第一部分听力 (略)
第二部分阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Shellharbour City Library provides a range of Library Special Needs Services for people who are unable to access our library service in the usual way. As long as you live in Shellharbour City, we'll provide a full range of library services and resources including:
● Large printed and ordinary printed books
● Talking books on tape and CD
● DVDs and music CDs
● Magazines
● Reference and information requests
You will be asked to complete a “Statement of Need” application form which must be signed by a medical professional.
Home delivery service
Let us know what you like to read and we will choose the resources for you. Our staff will deliver the resources to your home for free. We also provide a service where we can choose the resources for you or someone instead of you chooses the things from the library. You can also choose the resources you need personally.
Talking books and captioned videos
The library can provide talking books for people who are unable to use printed books because of eye diseases. You don't have to miss out on reading any more when you can borrow talking books from the library. If you have limited hearing which prevents you from enjoying movies, we can provide captioned videos for you at no charge.
Languages besides English
We can provide books in a range of languages besides English. If possible, we will request these items from the State Library of NSW, Australia.
How to join?
Contact the Library Special Needs Coordinator to register or discuss if you are eligible (合适的) for any of the services we provide—Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday 9am—5pm on 4297 2522 for more information.
1. What are Library Special Needs Services meant for?
A. those who are fond of reading
B. only those who have walking disabilities
C. people living in Shellharbour City with an illness or disability
D. those who can't get medical help in Shellharbour City
2. If people with eye diseases want to learn about history, what can they choose?
A. talking books B. captioned videos
C. magazines D. large printed books
3. What must you do to get home delivery service?
A. only choose printed books B. register ahead of time
C. pay the library ahead of time D. have others choose the resources for you
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了Sheilarbour 市图书馆提供的Library Special Needs Service, 具体介绍了其服务的内容及针对的人群。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句Sheilarbour City Library provides a rang of Library Special Needs Service for people who are unable to access our library service in the usual way.可知，这一服务是为那些生活在Sheilarbour City有疾病或残疾的人提供的。所以C选项是正确的。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段第一句The library can provide talking books for people who are unable to use printed books because of eye disease.可知，如果有眼疾的人想了解历史，应该选择会说话的书。所以A选项是正确的。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句Contact the Library Special Needs Coordinator to register or discuss if you are eligible for any of the services we provider可知，为了得到送货的服务，你应该提前登记。所以B选项是正确的。
B
A few years ago, my husband Charlie and I had marital problems. Growing family responsibilities and financial worries took a toll on us and we began arguing frequently, often late into the night.
However, neither of us could take the step that would end our eleven-year marriage and bring heartbreak to our three young children. Deep down we knew we still loved each other, so we determined to work it out. Through countless discussions, we began to close the gulf. The more honest we were, the closer we became.
When I felt we were reaching solid ground, I asked my husband to give me an “eternity (永恒) ring”. It was not so much the ring I wanted; it was the reassurance (保证) I thought it would bring.
We went shopping on a beautiful summer day. We walked hand in hand along a row of jeweler’s shops. Finally I found a ring I liked. While waiting for it to be adjusted, the jeweler took my left hand and glanced at my engagement ring. “May I clean it for you?” he asked. “It really doesn’t sparkle like it used to.” Charlie said as I slipped the ring off my finger. A few minutes later the jeweler was back. The ring shone like new!
On the drive home, I didn’t take my eyes off it. I forgot all about the eternity ring. I just couldn’t believe how this old ring suddenly sparkled the way it had the day Charlie gave it to me. I had taken it for granted these past years, but with a little polish it could still make my heart beat fast.
And that’s the way it is with a marriage. You have to work at keeping it polished and new, or else the grime (污垢) of the passing years will hide the joy. I put my hand on the seat between us and spread my fingers. Charlie covered my hand with his. I felt I was lucky to be able to see the sparkle in something gold when I thought I needed something new.
4. Why did the author and her husband decide to solve the problems?
A. They were a famous couple. B. They didn’t want to divorce.
C. The problems were not serious. D. They had experience in doing so.
5. What does the underlined part in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. free of trouble B. arriving at a square
C. wealthy and generous D. in good relationship
6. Why did the author forget all about the eternity ring on their way back home?
A. Her husband kept it for her. B. They didn’t actually pay for it.
C. The old ring’s light attracted her attention. D. The couple were talking all the way merrily.
7. What does the author mainly want to express in the last paragraph?
A. We tend to prefer new objects to old ones.
B. One should remain thankful for what he has got.
C. Marriage should be constantly polished.
D. We should try to rediscover the true value of old objects.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者和丈夫曾经有过婚烟问题，但双方均未想要离婚，而是努力解决双方之间的问题。当作者提出和丈夫一起去买永恒戒指的时候，由戒指除垢感悟到平凡的婚烟也应该像戒指一样经常除垢，让它重新生机勃勃。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Deep down we knew we still loved each other, so we determined to work it out.”，作者和丈夫仍然相互爱对方，都不想结束他们的婚烟，不想使孩子们伤心，所以他们决定要解决他们之间的问题。故B项正确。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“Through countless discussions, we began to close the gulf. The more honest we were, the closer we became.”可知，作者和丈夫解决了他们之间的问题，关系越来越融治。再根据画线部分所在句子中的“I asked my husband to give me an “eternity (永恒) ring””可推知，作者感觉她和丈夫的关系已经很好了，他们已经和好如初了。故D项正确。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“On the drive home, I didn’t take my eyes off it.”可知，作者在回家的路上眼睛一直盯着那枚结婚戒指，因为它经过擦拭后重新放出了光芒，犹如丈夫刚给她的那天一样。早已忘记他们是要去买“永恒戒指”。故C项正确。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“And that’s the way it is with a marriage. You have to work at keeping it polished and new, or else the grime (污垢) of the passing years will hide the joy.”可知，作者认为对待婚姻也应该像对待那枚戒指一样，经常除垢，经常发现婚姻生活中的闪光点，使婚姻保持新鲜。故C项正确。
【点睛】本文小题2考查了词义猜测题，由第二段最后一句可知“作者和丈夫解决了他们之间的问题。他们的关系已经恢复了”，可知该短语意为“in good relationship”。本题主要运用上下文语境猜测参与。通过上下文的具体信息猜测词义是目前高考阅读理解题中最常见的一种命题形式。
（2014重庆卷，A篇）59. What does the underlined word “antics” refer to?
A. Smart words. B. Unusual actions. C. Surprising Looks. D. Anxious feelings.
解析：B。由上文she rushed in, seized the phone, tore off the wires, and shouted at the phone…And she swept it into the wastebasket.以及She stepped to the doorway and shouted at the rest of the house, “Now hear this! All objects in this room — if you do anything to upset my husband, out you go!” 可知，作者的妻子听到作者的吼叫声后，做了一些古怪的事情，如将电话机扔进垃圾箱、对着屋子里的东西喊话等。而正是她的这些古怪的行为让作者突然意识到了自己的失控。由上文这些信息可推知“antics”指的是Unusual actions。
C
Have you ever heard a rumor spread around by students at your school? Rumors, like fake news, can often misinform individuals and lead them to believe false information.
In an attempt to settle this problem, the country of Singapore has passed a bill that bans companies and individuals from publishing false information online.
This law, known as The Protection From Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Bill, has caused a public outcry (强烈的抗议), as the government has been given the power to remove content that it considers inaccurate or against the public’s interest.
Since Singapore’s citizens are part of different racial and religious groups, the government fears that rumors or fake news can increase tensions within an already small country.
With the new law coming into effect, Singapore’s government now has the authority to monitor news sites, social media platforms, and other databases of information to determine whether the content is falsified. The government can order for the removal of fake news, and publishers of this information can receive prison time and fines up to one million Singapore dollars!
Critics fear that the bill threatens their freedom of speech and freedom of expression. Since national issues and world news are generally discussed on online platforms, many are concerned that this new bill will prevent individuals from talking freely and having healthy conversations.
Several companies, including Google, Facebook, and Twitter, have offices situated in Singapore, meaning that the new law will affect their company operations. Social media companies in Singapore could face a decline in activity, as users may fear posting their opinions and being punished by the government.
Others are concerned that the law does not clearly state what a “false statement” is. Such an ambiguity might allow the government to misuse their power, even though the intention is to curtail the mow of false information and rumors throughout Singapore.
This law does give rise to several concerns related to freedom and privacy and it will be interesting to see what Singapore’s government will do to deal with this problem.
8. Why are some people against the bill?
A. They think the bill can’t get rid of fake news.
B. They belong to different racial and religious groups.
C. They think their freedom of speech may be harmed.
D. They don’t want to increase tensions in their country.
9. What does the government have the right to do under the new law?
A. Punish publishers of fake news.
B. Monitor telephone conversations.
C. Prohibit certain people from going online.
D. Fine fake-news makers any amount of money.
10. How will the new law affect social media companies in Singapore?
A. Their users’ privacy may be disturbed.
B. Their income will increase very slowly.
C. Their illegal activities will come to light.
D. Their social media may become less active.
11. What does the underlined word in paragraph 8 probably mean?
A. prove B. accelerate
C. promote D. decrease
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. D
【解析】
本文是一篇新闻报道类文章。新加坡通过了一个旨在惩罚虚假新闻发布者法案，一些人认为这会影响到他们的言论自由而强烈抗议。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“…the government has been given the power to remove content that it considers inaccurate or against the public’s interest.”及第六段第一句“Critics fear that the bill threatens their freedom of speech and freedom of expression.”可知，一些人强烈地抗议新法案是因为新法案给政府赋予了删除不准确或不符合公共利益的内容的权力。这些人认为这会影响到他们的言论自由。故C项正确。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“The government can order for the removal of fake news, and publishers of this information can receive prison time and fines up to one million Singapore dollars!”可知，新法案生效后政府有权惩罚虚假新闻制造者。故A项正确。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第七段第二句“Social media companies in Singapore could face a decline inactivity, as users may fear posting their opinions and being punished by the government.”可知，社交媒体的使用者因害怕发表言论受到惩罚而降低活跃度。故D项正确。
【11题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段“the government fears that rumors or fake news can increase tensions within an already small country”可知，新加坡政府通过这个法案的初衷就是为了避免虚假新闻在国内造成局势紧张。画线单词所在句的意思为：如此模糊的概念可能允许政府在这方面滥用权力，尽管政府的意图是为了抑制错误信息和流言蜚语在新加坡境内的传播。故该词意为“减少”，所以D项正确。
D
Some kinds of mental skills naturally decrease as people get older. Yet research seems to show that some training can improve such skills. A recently published study also appears to demonstrate that the good effects of training can last for many years after that training has ended.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University in Maryland wanted to learn how long memory and thinking skills would last in older people who trained to keep them. The people were part of the ten-year research project. They were taught methods meant to improve their memory, thinking and ability to perform everyday tasks.
More than 2,800 volunteered for the study called ACTIVE - short for Advanced (Cognitive) Training for Independent and Vital Elderly. Most studied when they were more than 70 years old.
The volunteers took one of several short training classes meant to help them keep their mental abilities. One class trained participants in skills including how to remember word lists. Another group trained in reasoning. A third group received help with speed-of-processing - speed of receiving and understanding information. A fourth group - the control group did not get any training.
Earlier results had established that the training helped the participants for up to five years. Now, lead study writer George Rebok says, the research showed most of the training remained effective a full ten years later.
Professor Rebok and his team found that the people trained in reasoning and speed-of-processing did better on tests than the control group.
"We are wondering whether those effects which endured over time would still be there ten years following the training, and in fact, that's exactly what we found."
The effect on memory, however, seemed not to last as long. Still, the old people in any of the three classes generally reported less difficulty in performing daily activities than the control group. The total training time for the older people was between 10 and 15 hours.
12. Which statement is true according to the text？
A. This kind of training can only have effect on people for a few years。
B. The people were trained during a period of ten years.
C. All the people who were studied were more than 70 years old.
D. The second group were trained how to remember word lists.
13. What can be inferred from the passage？
A. There were four groups being trained.
B. The old people trained can remember words better.
C. The second and third group improved their skills better than the first one.
D. The research showed that the effect of the training could absolutely last 10 years.
14. What’s the main idea of the fourth paragragh？
A. What was the meaning of the research？
B. How was the research conducted？
C. Why was the mental training effective？
D. How long did the research last？
15. What is the best title of the passage？
A. Mental Training Helped Elderly Stay Sharp for Years
B. How to improve our mental health
C. Four groups of old people were trained mentally.
D. The result of a ten-year research
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。随着年龄的增长，人们的某些心理机能也在衰退，然而最近有研究表示这些机能可以通过训练重新获得，而且通过训练后这些机能保持很长一段时间。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段A recently published study also appears toattestthat the good effects of training can last for many years after that training has ended.“最近一项已发表的调查证明，训练带来的好处将在训练结束后的多年后持续存在。”故答案是A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第八段Still, the old people in any of the three classes generally reported less difficulty in performing daily activities than the control group.“据报道，在这三组的老人们在完成日常活动方面仍然比控制组的老人要好。”故答案为D。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段A recently published study also appears to attest，最近一项已发表的调查证明，Attest“证明，作证”；A.Affect.“影响，感动，作用”； B. Deny“否认，拒绝承认，自制”；C. Prove“证明，检验，结果是”；D. Improve“改善，改进，提高”；故答案为C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，主要内容为科学家发现对老年人进行相关训练以弥补其因年老而带来的心理机能衰退，故答案为B。
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Art of Slow Reading
If you are reading this article in print, chances are that you will only get through half of what I have written. And if you are reading this online, you may not even finish a fifth. ____16____ They suggest that many of us no longer have the concentration to read articles through to their conclusion.
So are we getting stupider? Actually, our online habits are damaging the mental power we need to process and understand textual information. Round-the-clock news makes us read from one article to the next without necessarily engaging fully with any of the content. Our reading is frequently interrupted by the noise of the latest email and we are now absorbing short bursts of words on Twitter and Facebook more regularly than longer texts. ____17____ But we are gradually forgetting how to sit back, think carefully, and relate all the facts to each other.
____18____ A desperate bunch of academics want us to take our time while reading, and re-reading. They ask us to switch off our computers every so often and rediscover both the joy of personal engagement with printed texts, and the ability to process them fully. What's to be done then? Most slow readers realize that total rejection of the web is extremely unrealistic. They feel that getaway from technology for a while is the answer. ____19____ Personally, I'm not sure whether I could ever go offline for long. Even while writing this article, I am switching constantly between sites, skimming too often, absorbing too little. Internet reading has become too rooted in my daily life for me to change. I read essays and articles not in hard copy but as PDFs. I suspect that many readers are in a similar position. ____20____ You can download a computer application called Freedom, which allows you to read in peace by cutting off your Internet connection. Or if you want to avoid being disturbed by the Internet, you could always download offline reader Instapaper for your iPhone. If you're still reading my article, that is slow reading.
A. The Internet is probably part of the problem.
B. Now some campaigns are advocating slow reading.
C. These are the two findings from the recent research projects.
D. But if you just occasionally want to read more slowly, help is at hand.
E. Some of them have suggested turning their computers off for one day a week.
F. Slow reading can help connect a reader to neighborhood and become popular.
G. Because of the Internet, we have become very good at collecting information.
【答案】16. C 17. G
18. B 19. E
20. D
【解析】
本文讲述的是“慢读的艺术”。 研究表明我们中的许多人不再专注于阅读文章，实际上，我们的网络习惯正在破坏我们处理和理解文本信息所需要的精神力量。大多数慢读者意识到，完全拒绝网络是非常不现实的，他们觉得暂时摆脱科技是解决问题的办法。
【16题详解】
根据下文：他们认为，我们中的许多人不再专注于阅读文章。此处的they应该是指代前文出现的事物，也就是C项中的the two findings，“最近的研究项目有两个发现。”故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上句：我们的阅读经常被最新电子邮件的噪音所打断，我们现在在Twitter和Facebook上吸收简短的一连串的单词比长篇大论更有规律。故可知因为有了互联网，我们变得非常善于收集信息。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据下文：一群极度渴望的学者希望我们在阅读或重读的时候要放慢速度。故可知现在一些活动提倡缓慢阅读。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文：大多数慢读者意识到，完全拒绝网络是非常不现实的。他们觉得暂时摆脱科技是解决问题的办法。由此推知，E项Some of them have suggested turning their computers off for one day a week.（他们中的一些人建议每周把电脑关掉一天。）与上文匹配。
【20题详解】
根据空格下句：你可以下载一个叫做Freedom的电脑程序，这样你就可以通过切断你的网络连接来阅读。由此可知此处的意思是：如果你只是偶尔想要读得慢一些，那么帮助就在手边。故选D。
【名师点睛】
做七选五时“尤其代词不可放”是说：在填空处的前后语境中出现的一些代词不可忽视。有这样一道题：”They can be rich resources to improve your knowledge.”，该选项中凭空多出一个代词they，这说明什么问题？代词是起替代作用的，一定是前文出现的事物被they替代了，找到被替代的名词就可以了。往文中一找，前面的语境是“Volunteering brings together all kinds of people.所以they替代的就是前文的all kinds of people短语。这样的现象在七选五中是很多见了，能帮助大家解决不少难题。本题第1小题，根据下文：他们认为，我们中的许多人不再专注于阅读文章。此处的they应该是指代前文出现的事物，也就是C项中的the two findings，“最近的研究项目有两个发现。”故选C。
第三部分英语知识运用（共三节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分, 满分20分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
What's all this tree- - planting for? " I was asked when I began writing about ___21___ a piece of land I had bought in Somerset. The truth is, I just love trees. And I am not ___22___ AsI get older, all I really ___23___ is to plant trees , Prince Charles says in a BBC documentary in which he is ___24___ in the wood he planted on the day Prince George was born.
There are ___25___ and wonderful trees in our cities and villages. They were planted, or self- sown, years, even centuries ago. We take them for granted, ___26___ the creatures living among them, remain in ignorance of the ___27___ trees are doing us(cleaning the air, for instance) and cut them down for new ___28___. Yet we keep a feeling of ___29___ for them. This may account for the ___30___ the government faced in 2010 when it sought to sell off publicly owned woods, and for the wide support that the Woodland Trust (a tree-protecting charity) ___31___.
Trees need ___32___, which is why I, a city-resident, bought my Somerset woodland in 1999. At that time, climate change was already well proved, ___33___ my hopes of planting long-lived oaks and pines gradually developed into anxiety about their ___34___. Tree diseases new to the UK, wind, drought and flood were all ___35___ against them.
But I did not ___36___ things to move so fast. The woodland is still good, the new trees are growing like mad, but the creatures are ___37___. The rabbits have disappeared and the owl has moved. The bees and butterflies are ___38___ there but in smaller numbers. How can this happen on land ___39___ pesticides (杀虫剂)？Surely, it indicates we need to give nature the chance to restore its own ___40___. Meanwhile, I love my wood, and so do many of its visitors. And tree-planting has done wonders for restoring my balance town and country.
21. A. replacing B. restoring C. recycling D. returning
22. A. rich B. weak C. alone D. social
23. A. apply for B. wait for C. make for D. long for
24. A. filmed B. tracked C. reflected D. discovered
25. A. holy B. young C. mature D. mysterious
26. A. raise B. watch C. ignore D. abuse
27. A. honor B. good C. credit D. justice
28. A. use B. spirit C. life D. hope
29. A. trust B. sadness C. betrayal D. affection
30. A. approval B. opposition C. option D. dilemma
31. A. wins B. rejects C. requires D. withdraws
32. A. space B. time C. company D. nutrition
33. A. since B. for C. yet D. so
34. A. benefits B. chances C. location D. appearance
35. A. piling up B. speeding up C. keeping up D. mixing up
36. A. wish B. intend C. allow D. expect
37. A. in place B. in order C. in decline D. in question
38. A. even B. still C. ever D. once
39. A. short of B. sick of C. free of D. full of
40. A. glory B. function C. impact D. balance
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. D
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。作者写树木给人带来的好处，和自己买下一块萨默塞特林地种树，种树的目的就是维持人与自然的平衡。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我写我在恢复萨默塞特购买的那片土地时，我被问道：种这些树是为了什么？A. replacing替代；B. restoring恢复；C. recycling回收利用；D. returning归还。根据最后一句And tree-planting has done wonders for restoring my balance town and country，得知作者种树是为了恢复土地，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不是只有我一个人有这种想法。A. rich富有的；B. weak虚弱的；C. alone独自的；D. social社会的。空格后引用了 Prince Charles的话—“我开始变老,我所想的就是种树”,可见他与作者有相同的观点，因而作者说自己 not alone。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着年龄增长，我唯一渴望的就是种树。A. apply for申请；B. wait for等待；C. make for有助于；D. long for渴望。作者唯一渴望的就是种树，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Prince Charles在他参演的BBC纪录片里面说到“我开始变老。我所想的就是种树”。A. filmed拍摄；B. tracked追踪；C. reflected反射；D. discovered发现。根据 documentary(纪录片)可知选 filmed。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这有成熟美丽的大树。A. holy神圣的；B. young年轻的；C. mature成熟的；D. mysterious神秘的。空格后面一句写到这些树被种或者自己成长在几年以前或者是几个世纪前，因而推测出我们村庄的这些树是成熟的(mature)，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们认为这些树是理所当然的，忽视了生活在其中的其他生物，忽视了树给我们带来的净化空气等等的好处砍下树木另作他用。A. raise上升；B. watch看；C. ignore忽略；D. abuse滥用。空格后有 Ignorance,所以这里选择 Ignore。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：忽视了树给我们带来的净化空气等等的好处砍下树木另作他用。A. honor荣誉；B. good好处；C. credit信用；D. justice正义。空格后有 clean the air(净化空气)等好处,所以选择good赞扬树木。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：忽视了生活在其中的其他生物，忽视了树给我们带来的净化空气等等的好处砍下树木另作他用。A. use用途；B. spirit精神；C. life生活；D. hope希望。人们忽视树木的好处，为了新的用途而砍树，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们对树木有喜爱之情。A. trust信任；B. sadness悲伤；C. betrayal背叛；D. affection喜爱。根据上文yet表示转折，上文写我们忽视了树木给我们带来的好处，砍伐他们，然而我们内心对树木还是有喜爱之情的。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可以解释政府在2010年试图卖掉公有树木时遭遇了反对，因为获得了广泛的支持，。A. approval支持；B. opposition反对；C. option选择；D. dilemma困境。 Woodland Trust(树木保护组织)获胜了。上文是公众喜爱树木,所以应该是反对政府卖树的。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：树木保护组织赢了。A. wins赢；B. rejects拒绝；C. requires要求；D. withdraws撤退。因为获得了 wide support所以 Woodland Trust(树木保护组织)赢了。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：树木生长需要空间。A. space空间；B. time 时间；C. company公司；D. nutrition营养。,我在1999年买下萨默塞特林地的原因是树木需要空间。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查连接词辨析。句意：当时，气候变化已经得到了很好的证明，所以我种植长寿橡树和松树的希望逐渐变成了焦虑。。A. since自从；B. for因为；C. yet但是；D. so因此。前后是因果关系。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时，气候变化已经得到了很好的证明，所以我种植长寿橡树和松树的希望逐渐变成了焦虑。。A. benefits益处；B. chances机会；C. location位置；D. appearance外表。气候变化已被证实,所以我对树木是否有生长机会的忧虑。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：狂风、干旱、洪水共同抵抗他们。。A. piling up堆积；B. speeding up加速；C. keeping up 保持；D. mixing up混合。这里讲到影响树木生长的阻碍。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我没预料到事态发展的如此之快。A. wish祈求；B. intend打算；C. allow允许；D. expect期待；预料。因为林地目前很好，但新树苗在疯长。故选D。
37题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：生物的数量在减少。A. in place适当的；B. in order整齐；C. in decline下降；D. in question考虑中的。上文提到树木在疯长，用but转折可知 creatures的数量应该在减少(in decline)。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：蚂蚁和蝴蝶仍然有，但是数量减少了。A. even甚至；B. still仍然；C. ever曾经；D. once一旦。,根据减少得知前面是虽然still存在。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：我们如何让这片土地上的生物摆脱杀虫剂呢？。A. short of缺乏；B. sick of厌恶；C. free of摆脱；D. full of充满。杀虫剂阻碍生物生长，要摆脱它们。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们要给自然机会去维持自身的均衡。A. glory荣誉；B. function功能；C. impact影响；D. balance平衡。我们要给自然机会去维持自身的均衡,和最后一句 restore my balance呼应。故选D。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Up to 82 percent of children with healthy mothers are not easy to be obese（肥胖的）, according to research. A mother, ____41____ has a healthy weight, exercises regularly, eats a healthy diet, doesn’t smoke and only ____42____(drink) wine in moderation, is significantly less likely ____43____(have)a fat child, scientists say.
And research suggests it could be more to do with nurture(养育)____44____ nature, as a mother's lifestyle appears ____45____(direct) linked to the health of her child. When both mother and child follow a healthy lifestyle, the risk of obesity ____46____(reduce)even more, the study of more than 24,000 children found.
The study examined the medical history and lifestyles of more than 24,000 children aged nine ____47____ fourteen, born to almost 17,000 women in the US. Researchers looked at the link between overall mother health and likelihood of a child ____48____(be) obese.
The mother's health was judged on her height-to-weight ratio(比例), her diet, amount of physical ____49____(active), smoking status and how much alcohol she drank. A healthy weight and diet, regular exercise, no smoking and moderate drinking all reduce the chance of a woman having _____50_____ obese child.
【答案】41. who
42. drinks 43. to have
44. than 45. directly
46. is reduced
47. to 48. being
49. activity
50. an
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现健康的体重和饮食，定期锻炼，不吸烟以及适度饮酒都能降低女性生肥胖孩子的几率。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：专家称，一个体重正常、经常锻炼、饮食健康、不吸烟、适量饮酒的母亲生出肥胖孩子的可能性要小得多。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词为mother，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故填who。
【42题详解】
考查主谓一致和时态。句意参考上题解析。此处与has，exercises和eats等作并列谓语，时态为一般现在时，应该用第三人称单数形式，故填drinks。
【43题详解】
考查不定式。句意参考第1题解析。be likely to do表示“可能做某事”，故填to have。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：研究表明，这可能更多地与后天因素有关，而不是先天因素，因为母亲的生活方式似乎与孩子的健康直接相关。根据前面的“more”判断此处用than表示比较，故填than。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意参考上题解析。修饰linked用副词，故填directly。
【46题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：这项对24,000名儿童进行的研究发现，当母亲和孩子都遵循健康的生活方式时，肥胖的风险甚至会降低更多。描述的是客观事实，he risk of obesity与reduce之间是被动关系，应该用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is reduced。
【47题详解】
考查介词。这项研究调查了美国近17,000名妇女所生24,000多名9到14岁的儿童的病史和生活方式。from…to…表示“从……到”，故填to。
【48题详解】
考查分词作定语。句意：研究人员研究了母亲的整体健康状况与孩子肥胖的可能性之间的关系。child是逻辑主语，空格处作介词of的宾语用动名词，故填being。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：母亲的健康状况由身高体重比、饮食、运动量、吸烟情况和饮酒量等因素决定。此处的运动表示抽象意义，不可数，故填activity。
【50题详解】
考查冠词。句意：健康体重和饮食，定期锻炼，不吸烟以及适度饮酒都能降低女性生一个肥胖孩子的几率。此处泛指一个肥胖的孩子，obese以元音音素开头，故填an。
第三节
单句填空
51. With my __________(patient) running out, I shouted at her.
52. His cartoon-books which are full of __________(imagine) are very popular with the young.
53. Having taken a drink, I got a headache and felt rather __________(comfort).
54. The porter was weighed down by large quantities of __________(行李).
55. The room __________(measure) 6*6 meters actually houses up to 10 people.
56. Our classroom __________(equip) with modern equipment, enabling us to learn effectively.
57. Everyone __________(presence) at the meeting welcomed the decision.
58. The boy looked __________(anxiety) at his parents, as if asking for forgiveness.
59. The government has worked out a new regulation __________(aim) at reducing the road accidents.
60. He had a car accident and the blood __________(flow) immediately from the cut on his head.
【答案】51. patience
52. imagination
53. uncomfortable
54. luggage/baggage
55. measuring
56. is equipped
57. present
58. anxiously
59. aimed/aiming
60. flowed
【解析】
【51题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着我的耐心耗尽，我对她大喊。介词with的后面要接名词充当宾语，所以横线处要填patient的名词形式，故答案为patience。
【52题详解】
考查名词。句意：他充满想象的卡通书非常受年轻人的欢迎。形容词短语be full of的后面要接名词做宾语。所以横线处要填动词imagine的名词形式，故答案为imagination。
【53题详解】
考查形容词和句意理解。句意：喝完一杯以后，我头疼，而且感觉很不舒服。在英语中通常使用形容词和系动词构成系表结构，所以系动词felt的后面要接形容词。根据句意可知横线处应该填否定意义的形容词，故答案为uncomfortable。
【54题详解】
考查名词。句意：大量的行李让这个搬运工疲于奔命。名词luggage/baggage意为“行李”，都是不可数名词，在句中充当介词by的宾语。故答案为luggage/baggage。
【55题详解】
考查分词做定语。句意：这个面积量起来达到36平方米的房间实际上可以容纳多达10个人。系动词measure意为“量起来……”，没有被动语态和进行时态。本句中现在分词短语measuring 6*6 meters在句中做定语修饰the room，相当于定语从句which measures。故答案为measuring。
【56题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：我们班级里配备了现代化设备，让我们能够有效学习。固定短语be equipped with意为“配备有……”，在句中充当谓语部分，主语是单数名词our classroom，谓语部分要用单数形式。故答案为is equipped。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：出席会议的所有人都欢迎这个决定。句中应该使用形容词短语作定语修饰不定代词everyone，名词presence的形容词是present。故答案为present。
【58题详解】
考查副词。句意：那个男孩焦虑地看着他的父母亲，好像请求他们的宽恕。在英语中通常用副词作状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或者谓语，本句中应该使用副词修饰动词短语look at。名词anxiety的副词形式为anxiously。故答案为anxiously。
【59题详解】
考查分词用法。句意：政府已经制定出了一个目的在于减少道路事故的新规则。动词短语aim at doing sth意为“旨在于做某事”，该短语和a new regulation构成主动关系，可以用现在分词短语aiming at……做定语。形容词短语be aimed at doing与aim at doing sth意义相同。可以使用形容词定语aimed at……做定语。故答案为aimed/aiming。
【60题详解】
考查时态。句意：他遇到了交通事故，血立刻从头部的伤口处流了出来。根据前半句中“had a car accident”可知，本句讲述的是过去发生的事情，后半句中的并列结构也应该使用一般过去时，故答案为flowed。
第四部分 英语写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节
61.短文改错
Smoking is widespread habit even among teenage students. The number of young smokers are increasing. It is estimated that over 10% of the senior high school students have tried smoking once or more and some of them even steal money from their parent to buy cigarettes, that is terrible.
As it is known to all, smoking is harmful for health. And it’s even more harmful to teenage students for it does greatly harm not only to their health but also to their mind.
Teenage students are future builders of the country. They should spend their time learn what is useful but keep a healthy lifestyle as well. So it’s high time that teenage smokers make up their minds to give up smoking.
【答案】1.widespread前加a
2. are→is
3.parent→parents
4 that→which
5. it去掉
6. for→to
7. greatly→great
8. learn→learning
9. but→and
10. make→made或在make前加should
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文，介绍了吸烟对年轻学生的危害，不仅会伤害年轻人的健康，而且还会伤害他们的思想，呼吁年轻学生戒烟。
【详解】1. 考查不定冠词。句意：吸烟是一个甚至在年轻学生中也广泛传播的习惯。表示抽烟是一个习惯，句中名词habit是单数可数名词，所以要使用不定冠词泛指一个习惯。故要在is后面加a。
2. 考查主谓一致。句意：年轻吸烟者的数量一直在上升。名词短语the number of…意为“……的数量”，后谓语动词应该用单数形式。所以要把are改为is。
3. 考查名词复数形式。句意：一些高中生甚至从他们父母亲那里偷钱买烟。句中their可知，后面要接可数名词复数形式，这里应该用复数形式parents。所以要把parent改为parents。
4. 考查定语从句。句意：一些高中生甚至从他们父母亲那里偷钱买烟，这真是太糟糕了。我们不能用that引导非限定性定语从句，应该用which指代一句话的内容，引导非限制性定语从句。所以要把that改为which。
5. 考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，吸烟有害健康。本句是一个由as引导的非限定性定语从句，as指代后面的主句，it多余。所以要删除it。
6. 考查固定短语。句意：众所周知，吸烟有害健康。固定搭配be harmful to意为“对……有害”。所以要把for改为to。
7. 考查形容词。句意：吸烟对年轻学生更加有害，因为它不仅极大的伤害他们的健康，还伤害了他们的思维。在英语中通常使用形容词做定语修饰名词。所以本句中用形容词形式great修饰限定名词harm。故要把greatly改为great。
8. 考查固定句型。句意：他们应该把时间花在学习有用的知识和保持健康的生活方式上。考查了spend some time doing sth这一固定句式结构。所有要把learn改为learning。
9. 考查连词。句意：他们应该把时间花在学习有用的知识和保持健康的生活方式上。根据句意可知本句表示并列关系，此处用and连接两个并列谓语。所以要把but改为and。
10. 考查虚拟语气。句意：所以选择是年轻人下定决心戒烟的时候了。该句应该使用虚拟语气，其结构为：It is (high) time that sb did/should do sth。所以要把make改为made或在make前加should。
【点睛】本题小题3考查了名词的单复数形式。在改错题中，名词的考点主要是查名词是否可数，与其修饰词是否一致以及主谓一致。例如：
1) I have many hobby, such as playing football, singing, and listening to music.
解析：hobby是可数名词，前面有many修饰，说明要用复数形式hobbies。
2) Doing exercises do good to our health.
解析：exercise作“运动”讲是不可数名词，要把exercises改为exercise；动名词短语doing exercise做主语谓语动词要用单数形式，要把do改为does。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
62.假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 能做的事情。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 结束语已为你写好。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer for the Chinese Painting Exhibition which will be held in your art gallery. I think I am qualified for this job, because I have learned Chinese painting since childhood. Besides, I am fluent in both Chinese and English, which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings. If I am lucky enough to be chosen as a volunteer, I can show visitors around the gallery and get them to know more about Chinese painting.
I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达要求写一封申请信，属于书信应用文。
【详解】1.审题立意
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写申请信，人称使用第一人称和第二人称，时态用一般现在时。
2.谋篇布局
书信格式，称呼和落款文中已经给出。首段，写信的目的，中间段写个人优势和能做的事，最后一段总结。
3. 关键词和句子
根据写作要点及构思好的提纲我们可以初步确定文章可能使用到的词汇和句子有：volunteer，a Chinese Painting Exhibition，advantages，I am good at…，I can help with/I’ll devote myself to…。通过词汇铺垫，我们就很容易地行文了，文章写完之后要检查文中是否存在拼写或语法错误，并增加一些细节和过渡性的词汇，如First of all，Besides，to begin with，moreover，as for me，Last but not least等，使全文衔接自然，语义流畅。
【点睛】本文开门见山，表达了写信的目的；之后详细介绍了个人的优势和能做的事情，详略得当，内容完整，同时使用了高级词汇和高级句子。高级词汇：be qualified for，be fluent in，be beneficial for等；高级句式：because I have learned Chinese painting since childhood此处使用了原因状语从句。which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings.使用了非限制性定语从句。If I am lucky enough to be chosen as a volunteer, I can show visitors around the gallery and get them to know more about Chinese painting.使用了条件状语从句。
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