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甘肃省天水市第一中学2020届高三上学期第三次月考英语试题
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天水一中2017级2019-2020学年度第一学期第三次考试
英语试题
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Listed here are four of the thousands of impressive museums around the world.
The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao in Bilbao，Spain
Built in 1997，the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao is one of the newest in the world.It has transformed the industrial city of Bilbao into a travelers' desired destination.The beautiful architecture of the museum has provided a dramatic background for movies and commercials.
The Louvre in Paris，France
Probably the most famous Louvre also holds the most famous painting in the world，the “Mona Lisa” by Leonardo da Vinci.Crowds can be found any day surrounding the small，but mysterious painting of the smiling woman.But，the Louvre is much more than a home to the “Mona Lisa”．The Louvre is visited by more people each year than any other museum in the world.
The Barnes Foundation in Philadelphia，America
Just opened in its new downtown location in 2012，the Barnes Foundation is “unique”in that it is a completely reproduced display from one man's private collection.Dr.Albert C．Barnes started collecting art in the early 20th century and collected，among others，the largest number of original Renoir paintings in the world.
The Uffizi Gallery in Florence，Italy
Walking on the marbled floors feels like stepping back in time.The building itself is a beautiful palace—like structure with frescoes(湿壁画) decorating the ceilings and walls.Viewers are bowled over(印象深刻) by the works by Botticelli，such as “The Birth of Venus”．Classic artworks from nearly 1，000 years ago describe religious events of the time.
1. Which of the following is the most popular?
A. The Louvre.
B. The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao.
C. The Barnes Foundation.
D. The Uffizi Gallery.
2. What makes the Barnes Foundation particular?
A. Its structure. B. Its collection.
C. Its location. D. Its history.
3. What type of writing is this text?
A. An activity poster.
B. An exhibition announcement.
C. An art show review.
D. A travel guide.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
本文为广告类，涉及文学与艺术话题。文章主要介绍了四个世界闻名的博物馆。
【1题详解】
考查细节理解。由由The Louvre in Paris，France部分的"Crowds can be found any day"和"The Louvre is visited by more people each year than any other museum in the world"可知四个博物馆中卢浮宫人气最旺。故选A。
【2题详解】
考查细节理解。由The Barnes Foundation in Philadelphia，America部分的“the Barnes Foundation is unique in that it is a completely reproduced display from one man's private collection”可知，该博物馆的特殊之处在于其所有的展览品均是复制品。故选B。
【3题详解】
考查推理判断。由“Listed here are four of the thousands of impressive museums around the world”可知，本文主要介绍了四个世界闻名的博物馆的概况，故最有可能是旅行指南。故选D。
B
Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways. Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust. Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a significant role in a family or culture's celebrations or traditions. The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural (农村的) and urban areas within one country.
Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion (时刻) or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread, so this tradition hits its roots in the custom of sharing bread.
Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (兴旺) in the New Year. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita. A coin is put into the cake, which signifies (预示) success in the New Year for the person who receives it.
Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role. In China, when a baby is one month old, families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-colored eggs to guests. In many cultures, round foods such as grapes, bread, and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.
Nutrition is necessary for life, so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.
4. According to the passage, sharing bread______.
A. indicates a lack of food
B. can help to develop unity
C. is a custom unique to rural areas
D. has its roots in birthday celebrations
5. What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year?
A. Trust. B. Success.
C Health. D. Togetherness.
6. The author explains the role of food in celebrations by______.
A. using examples B. making comparisons
C. analyzing causes D. describing processes
7. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The custom of sharing food.
B. The specific meaning of food.
C. The role of food in ceremonies.
D. The importance of food in culture.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是食物和文化的关系。不同的文化包含着不同的饮食传统和庆祝方式。食物通过两种基本的方式在扮演着沟通的角色。
【此处有视频，请去附件查看】
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust.可知，分享面包或其他食物是人类共同的传统，可以促进团结和增加信任。所以分享食物可以促进团结。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段A coin is put into the cake, which signifies (预示) success in the New Year...可知，一枚硬币放入蛋糕,这预示着在新的一年里取得成功。所以硬币预示着来年的成功。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段“Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (兴旺) in the New Year. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita.”可知，食物在许多新年庆祝活动中也扮演着重要的角色。在美国南部，一块块的玉米面包代表着新的一年的繁荣昌盛。在希腊，人们分享一种叫做vasilopita的特殊蛋糕。所以作者主要使用了举例的方法来解释食物在庆祝中的角色。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是“Nutrition is necessary for life, so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world. ”可知，营养是生命所必需的，所以食物是世界各地不同文化的重要组成部分也就不足为奇了。所以这篇文章主要讲了食物在文化中的重要性。故选D。
C
Attending college can be expensive, and applying to college can be costly as well. With today’s college application fees averaging around $ 80, you can expect to spend hundreds of dollars on college before you are even accepted into a school.
One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools. To save money, try to limit the schools to which you apply to about 2-3 reach schools and 2-3 safety schools.
At some schools, being a relative of a graduate can secure you a free application. If you are applying to a school where one of your parents or grandparents is a former graduate, check to see if you’ re qualified for it.
Research the preferred method of applying for each school on your list. Some schools offer free online applications, yet charge a fee for paper submissions. This is because online applications save schools the cost of employing a staff member to physically enter the application information.
Several states, such as Michigan and North Carolina, take part in College Application Week, where many schools in the participating states cancel their application fee for the week. Be sure to contact the schools to I j which you are applying to see if they participate in College Application Week and when the program takes place in that state.
Apply for early admission. If you have already decided on which college is your top choice, consider applying under an Early Action or Early Decision admission program. If you are accepted, you won’t have to submit application fees to other schools.
For more information regarding college applications and the fees associated with them, contact your high I school advisor or the admissions department at your school(s) of interest.
8. The passage is mainly written to______.
A. introduce famous universities in the United Stales
B. show some practical ways to apply an ideal college
C. advertise for successful applications and advisors
D. offer tips to save money on college application fees
9. What does the author advise to do in the second paragraph?
A. Write down your favorite universities.
B. Reduce the number of your university choices.
C. Apply to two universities each time.
D. Mind your safety when applying to college.
10. Some schools offer free online application to______,
A. receive fees faster than before B. employ someone else to work
C. cut down the cost of employment D. enter the application information
11. It can be known from the passage that______,
A. application fee might be canceled conditionally
B. many countries attend College Application Week
C. applying for early admission is the best policy
D. admission departments determine your future
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。介绍一些方法节省申请大学的相关费用。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段到第六段“One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools. At some schools, being a relative of a graduate can secure you a free application. Research the preferred method of applying for each school on your list. Several states, such as Michigan and North Carolina, take part in College Application Week, where many schools in the participating states cancel their application fee for the week. Apply for early admission ”可知，在你开始申请之前，节省大学申请费用最简单的方法之一就是缩小你申请的学校范围。在一些学校，成为毕业生的亲戚可以让你免费申请。研究申请名单上每所学校的首选方法。一些州，如密歇根州和北卡罗莱纳州，参加了大学申请周，参加申请周的许多学校会取消他们的申请费用。申请提早入学。所以本文旨在介绍一些方法节省申请大学的相关费用，故选D.
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段的One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools可知，在你开始申请之前，节省大学申请费用最简单的方法之一就是缩小你的学校范围。所以作者建议缩减申请学校。故选B.
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由第4段“This is because online applications save schools the cost of employing a staff member to physically enter the application information.”可知，这是因为在线申请为学校节省了雇佣职员来输入信息的费用。所以一些学校提供免费的网上申请，以降低雇佣成本。故选C.
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段到第六段“One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools. At some schools, being a relative of a graduate can secure you a free application. Research the preferred method of applying for each school on your list. Several states, such as Michigan and North Carolina, take part in College Application Week, where many schools in the participating states cancel their application fee for the week. Apply for early admission ”可知，在你开始申请之前，节省大学申请费用最简单的方法之一就是缩小你申请的学校范围。在一些学校，成为毕业生的亲戚可以让你免费申请。研究申请名单上每所学校的首选方法。一些州，如密歇根州和北卡罗莱纳州，参加了大学申请周，参加申请周的许多学校会取消他们的申请费用。申请提早入学。所以本文介绍了一些方法节省申请大学的相关费用，故申报费用“在某些条件”是不用交的。故选A.
D
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit(联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 Languages: the Americas about 1,000, Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6.000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
12. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?
A. They developed very fast. B. They were large in number.
C. They had similar patters. D. They were closely connected
13. Which of the following best explains "dominant" underlined in paragraph 2？
A. Complex. B. Advanced.
C. Powerful. D. Modern.
14. How many languages are spoken by less than 6, 000 people at present?
A. About 6,800 . B. About 3,400
C. About 2,400 D. About 1,200.
15. What is the main idea of the text?
A. New languages will be created.
B. Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C. Human development results in fewer languages.
D. Geography determines language evolution.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了随着社会的发展人类语言越来越少及其原因。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other... when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.可知，当世界以依靠狩猎为生的人组成的时候，小而联系紧密的群落形成了他们彼此之间独立的讲话模式……当世界上的人口数量不到一千万时，语言种类达到了12,000种。由此推知，当时的语言种类很多。故选B。
【13题详解】
猜测词义题。根据文章第二段中的dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.可知，英语、西班牙语和汉语正在快速替代其他语言。由此推知dominant languages意为“强有力的语言”。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的At present, the world has about 6,800 languages.和The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that. 可知，目前世界上大约有6800种语言，但是讲的人数少于6000人的占一半即3400。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨要义题。根据文章第一段中的主题句Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.可知，语言的产生和消失进行了几千年，但最近语言产生的少，消失的太多。故选C。
点睛：长难句解读
In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
分析：dominant前的and连接两个并列句，all和前面的名词短语trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications是同位语。
句意：在最近的几个世纪，贸易、工业化、民族国家的发展和全球义务教育的普及，尤其是过去几十年来，全球化和更好的交流，这些都导致许多语言消失。而且像英语、西班牙语和汉语等主流语言正日益占据主导地位。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How Laughing at Yourself Makes You Attractive
Have you ever embarrassed yourself in public and got laughed at for it ?_____16_____And it’s okay—we should even have a laugh about them.
● Laughing at yourself means accepting who you really are. You may feel bad about yourself because of past misfortune. However, it’s normal to be imperfect. What’s important is that you should be honest with yourself about who you are._____17_____ You won’t be able to laugh at yourself without self-acceptance.
● Laughing at yourself helps increase your confidence. When you’re able to stay optimistic and laugh at yourself, you are likely to be more successful in life.___18___.More importantly, it helps you realize your own weaknesses, so you know which areas to do better in.
●_____19_____.Laughing at someone else may hurt their feelings even if you didn’t intend to, while laughing at yourself does not.—You might even bring a smile to their faces. People will like it, because it shows that you have the courage to do so and you’re being real about your imperfections.
___20___.So instead of blaming yourself, try to think of your mistakes, in a positive way and accept yourself just as you are. Learn to laugh at yourself and you will be more attractive.
A. Laughing at yourself makes you popular.
B. Accept yourself despite your imperfections.
C. You don’t need to take yourself seriously all the time.
D. Chances are that we all have these kinds of experiences.
E. Laughing at yourself changes an ideal image of yourself.
F. Just remember that humans all make mistakes.
G. This is because laughing at yourself contributes to your mental health.
【答案】16. D 17. B
18. G 19. A
20. F
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了自嘲让人变得有魅力的三个原因。
【16题详解】
根据上文Have you ever embarrassed yourself in public and got laughed at for it ?（你是否曾在公共场合让自己难堪并因此而被嘲笑?）可知，我们都有过在公共场合让自己难堪并因此而被嘲笑的经历。是对上句的回答。故D选项“我们都有这样的经历。”符合上下文语境。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据下文You won’t be able to laugh at yourself without self-acceptance.（没有自我接纳，你就无法自嘲。）中acceptance可对应到B选项中Accept yourself，故B选项“接受不完美的自己。”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【18题详解】
结合下文More importantly, it helps you realize your own weaknesses, so you know which areas to do better in.（更重要的是，它可以帮助你认识到自己的弱点，这样你就知道在哪些方面可以做得更好。）可知是在说明自嘲的好处是让人认识到自己的弱点，故G选项“这是因为自嘲有助于心理健康。”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据下文You might even bring a smile to their faces. People will like it, because it shows that you have the courage to do so and you’re being real about your imperfections.（你甚至可以给他们带来微笑。人们会喜欢它，因为它表明你有勇气这样做，你对自己的不完美是真实的。）可知人们喜欢自嘲的人，因此自嘲会让人变得更受欢迎。故A选项“自嘲会让你更受欢迎。”符合上下文语境。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据下文So instead of blaming yourself, try to think of your mistakes, in a positive way and accept yourself just as you are.（因此，与其责备自己，不如试着以积极的方式思考自己的错误，接受自己本来的样子。）可知人类都会有犯错的时候，与其责备自己，不如试着以积极的方式思考自己的错误，接受自己本来的样子。故F选项“只要记住人类都会犯错。”符合上下文语境。故选F。
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Dear Seth you are only three years old, and at this point in your life you are not able to ___21___this letter.But some day when you___22___, I hope you will find something___23___in what I am going to share with you. Life can be___24___.There will be people in your life who won’t be very nice. They’ll___25___you because you are different,___26___for no good reason. You will also face heartbreak and might be___27___by those you love. I hope you don’t have to face these too much, but such things___28___. Be open to life anyway. You’ll find cruelty and___29___on your journey through life, but don’t let that___30___you from finding new things. I don’t retreat(退却)from life, and don’t hide or wall yourself off. Be open to new things, new experiences, and new people. You will___31___ many times, but if you allow that to stop you from trying, you will___32___many chances. Do remember failure is a stepping stone to___33___You will meet many people who will try to do___34___than you, in school, in college, and at work. They’ll try to have nicer cars, bigger houses, nicer clothes, and so on. To___35___, life is a competition. However, I believe life is a___36___. If you always try your best to___37___others, you are wasting your life. Learn to enjoy your life___38___and you will make it a journey of___39___of learning and of love. Finally, know that I love you and always will. You are___40___a really wonderful journey, and I will always be there for you.
Love Dad
21. A. study B. understand C. believe D. expect
22. A. grow up B. show up C. cheer up D. give up
23. A. familiar B. valuable C. normal D. interesting
24. A. unkind B. peaceful C. equal D. simple
25. A. look at B. run after C. laugh at D. look after
26. A. if B. but C. so D. or
27. A. hurt B. found C. accepted D. impressed
28 A. matter B. work C. disappear D. happen
29 A. luck B. pain C. difference D. hope
30. A. protect B. encourage C. stop D. choose
31. A. leave B. prepare C. escape D. fail
32. A. enjoy B. try C. miss D. meet
33. A. success B. life C. action D. sorrow
34. A. earlier B. better C. less D. faster
35. A. you B. me C. him D. them
36. A. challenge B. drama C. journey D. dream
37. A. change B. pardon C. follow D. beat
38. A. somewhere B. instead C. afterwards D. though
39. A. cruelty B. danger C. happiness D. quietness
40. A. starting B. destroying C. finishing D. replacing
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. A
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章为作者写给自己三岁孩子Seth的信。信中作者阐述了自己对于生活残酷一面的理解和给孩子的建议，以及对于失败的看法。作者认为生活是一段旅程，要学会享受生活，它就会变成快乐、学习和爱的旅程。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：亲爱的赛斯，你只有三岁，此刻你还不能理解这封信。A. study学习；B. understand理解；C. believe相信；D. expect期待。结合上文Seth只有三岁可知目前还不能理解这封信。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是有一天，当你长大了，我希望你能在我将要与你分享东西中找到一些有价值的东西。A. grow up成长；B. show up露面；C. cheer up使高兴；D. give up放弃。结合上文Seth目前只有三岁看不懂信，可知这封信是写给长大后的Seth的。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是有一天，当你长大了，我希望你能在我将要与你分享的东西中找到一些有价值的东西。A. familiar熟悉的；B. valuable有价值的；C. normal正常的；D. interesting有趣的。结合下文作者分析成功和失败的关系等等内容可知，作者是在给自己的孩子提供一些有价值的意见。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生活是无情的。A. unkind不友善的；无情的；B. peaceful和平的；C. equal平等的；D. simple简单的。根据下文There will be people in your life who won’t be very nice.可知生活有时很无情。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们会嘲笑你，因为你与众不同，或者没有任何理由。A. look at看着；B. run after追赶；C. laugh at嘲笑；D. look after照顾。结合上文There will be people in your life who won’t be very nice.可知一些人们不友好，因此他们会因为你的与众不同而嘲笑你。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：他们会嘲笑你，因为你与众不同，或者没有任何理由。A. if如果；B. but但是；C. so因此；D. or或者。此处表示选择关系“或者”，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你也会面临心碎时刻，可能会被你爱的人伤害。A. hurt伤害；B. found发现；C. accepted接受；D. impressed印象深刻。结合上文You will also face heartbreak可知被爱的人伤害而心碎。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望你不要过多地面对这些，这样的事情是会发生的。A. matter要紧；B. work工作；C. disappear消失；D. happen发生。结合上文提到生活是无情的，因此这些痛苦的事情是确实会发生的。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在你的人生旅途中，你会遇到残酷和痛苦，但不要让这些阻碍你发现新事物。A. luck运气；B. pain痛苦；C. difference不同；D. hope希望。结合上文cruelty可知是指残酷和痛苦。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在你的人生旅途中，你会遇到残酷和痛苦，但不要让这些阻碍你发现新事物。A. protect保护；B. encourage鼓励；C. stop阻止；D. choose选择。结合上文Be open to life anyway.可知作者希望这些痛苦不会阻止Seth发现新事物。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你会失败很多次，但如果你让失败阻止你去尝试，你会错过很多机会。A. leave离开；B. prepare准备；C. escape逃跑；D. fail失败。结合下文Do remember failure is a stepping可知此处是指失败许多次，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你会失败很多次，但如果你让失败阻止你去尝试，你会错过很多机会。A. enjoy欣赏；B. try尝试；C. miss错过；D. meet遇见。结合上文if you allow that to stop you from trying可知如果让失败阻止你去尝试，你会错过很多机会。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：记住失败是成功的垫脚石。A. success成功；B. life生活；C. action行动；D. sorrow悲伤。失败是为了获得成功，因此失败是成功的垫脚石。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在学校，在大学，在工作中，你会遇到很多想要做得比你更好的人。A. earlier更早的；B. better更好的；C. less更少的；D. faster更快的。根据下文They’ll try to have nicer cars, bigger houses, nicer clothes, and so on.可知是遇到很多想要做得比自己更好的人。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查代词辨析。句意：对他们来说，生活就是一场竞争。A. you你；B. me我；C. him他；D. them他们。结合上文这些人想要更好的车，更大的房子，更好的衣服，等等可知，对他们来说，生活就是一场竞争。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我相信人生是一段旅程。A. challenge挑战；B. drama戏剧；C. journey旅程；D. dream梦想。结合下文you will make it a journey可知人生是一段旅程。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你总是尽力去打败别人，你是在浪费生命。A. change改变；B. pardon原谅；C. follow跟随；D. beat打败。结合上文life is a competition可知此处表示总是在尽力打败别人。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：相反学会享受你的生活，你就会把它变成快乐、学习和爱的旅程。A. somewhere在某处；B. instead相反；C. afterwards后来；D. though尽管。结合上文Learn to enjoy your life可知是与总是尽力打败别人相反的是享受生活。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反学会享受你的生活，你就会把它变成快乐、学习和爱的旅程。A. cruelty残酷；B. danger危险；C. happiness幸福；D. quietness安静。根据后文learning and of love可知此处指快乐幸福、学习和爱的旅程。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你即将开始一段美妙的旅程，我永远都会在你身边。A. starting开始；B. destroying破坏；C. finishing结束；D. replacing替代。根据后文and I will always be there for you.为一般将来时可推知是即将开始一段美妙的旅程。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
语法填空
It's common to see food delivery workers riding electric bikes in a hurry through big cities in China. Some of them even risk ___41___ (run) red lights to deliver their meals in time. However, such careless behavior often causes serious problems.
The reason for the rise of such a careless behavior is that there is ___42___ large demand for food delivery workers, and many companies offer high salaries ___43___(attract) new workers.
In fact, food delivery workers are often under high ___44___(press) from their employers. They face company fines for delivering food late. Moreover, the more orders they take, the more money they can earn, ___45___ leads to some workers checking ___46___(they) mobile phones for new orders while they are riding their bikes
While most companies require delivery workers to follow traffic rules, it remains a problem whether these requirements and rules are ___47___(strict) obeyed
To solve the problem, some cities ___48___(take) action since last year. Shanghai required the delivery workers should___49___(train) on traffic rules and safety. Now in Shenzhen, if a delivery worker gets caught breaking traffic rules more than twice, he or she will be banned _____50_____ driving food delivery vehicles for a whole year.
【答案】41. running
42. a 43. to attract
44. pressure
45. which 46. their
47. strictly
48. have taken
49. be trained
50. from
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。本文主要介绍了了骑电动自行车的食品送货工人由于粗心行驶常常引起严重的问题，并对这种现象出现的原因进行了分析。
【41题详解】
考查动名词。句意：有些人为了及时送饭甚至冒着闯红灯的危险。risk doing sth为固定搭配，意为“冒险做某事”。故填running。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这种粗心行为上升的原因是对食品送货工人的需求量大造成的。demand 为可数名称，且large首字母的发音为辅音音素，所以用a来表示泛指，a large demand for…意为“对......巨大的需求量”，故填a。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语作目的状语。句意：许多公司为了吸引新工人而提供高薪。分析句意可知，动词不定式表目的，故填to attract。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：事实上，食品配送工人经常受到来自雇主的压力。分析句子可知，本句中的press在句子被形容词high修饰，一起作under的介词宾语，因此要用名词pressure。故填pressure。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。分析句子the more orders they take, the more money they can earn，__5__ leads to some workers checking their mobile phones可知，本句为非限制性定语从句，前面句子作定语从句的主语，所以要用which指代前面的内容。故填which。
【46题详解】
考查人称代词。句意：他们接的订单越多，他们赚钱越多，这导致（为了节省时间）当他们骑车时会看手机。分析句意可知，是配送工人骑车时看他们的（their）的手机。故填their。
【47题详解】
考查副词作状语修饰动词。句意：虽然大多数公司要求送货工人遵守交通规则，但这些要求和规则是否严格遵守，仍然是个问题。分析句子rules are ___7___ (strict)obeyed可知，形容词strict在句中修饰动词obey，修饰动词要用副词，故用其副词形式strictly。故填strictly。
【48题详解】
考查谓语动词的时态。根据句中的时态状语“since last year”可知，本句中要用现在完成时，主语是复数名词some cities，故填have taken。
【49题详解】
考查虚拟语气。分析句子Shanghai required the delivery workers should___9___ (train) on traffic rules and safety可知，本句中require表示建议，所带的宾语从句要用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可省略。本句中的工人是被培训，故要用（should） be trained，其中的should可省略。故填be trained。
【50题详解】
考查介词。ban sb.from doing sth，为固定搭配，意为“禁止某人做某事”。其被动形式为sb, be banned from doing sth.，故填from。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last weekend, I went to visit my English teacher, who was already in his fifty. He gives me a lot help when I was a junior middle school student. Delighting to see me, he asked about my senior middle school life. Then he advised me to make fully preparations for the coming entrance examination. It was so a pleasure to see him again that I didn’t notice it was very later. I had to say goodbye to each other.
He is not only a good teacher but also my close friend. Wherever I will go, I will always treasure the time when I spent with my teacher.
【答案】1.fifty→fifties
2.gives→gave
3.a lot后加of
4.delighting→delighted
5.fully→full
6.so→such
7.later→late
8.I→We
9.去掉第一个will
10.when→that/which/去掉
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者上周拜访自己的英语老师的事情。
【详解】1.考查固定短语。句意：上个周末，我去拜访我的英语老师，他已经五十多岁了。固定短语in one’s fifties“在某人五十岁”，故fifty改为fifties。
2.考查动词时态。句意：当我还是初中生的时候，他给了我很多帮助。结合下文when I was a junior middle school student可知应用一般过去时。故gives改为gave。
3.考查固定短语。句意同上。修饰名词help应用a lot of修饰，a lot为副词短语修饰动词。故a lot后加of。
4.考查形容词。句意：他见到我很高兴，问起我的高中生活。此处为形容词作状语，且修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词，故delighting改为delighted。
5.考查形容词。句意：然后他建议我为即将到来的入学考试做好充分准备。修饰名词preparations 应用形容词，表示“做好充分的准备”，故fully改为full。
6.考查such...that。句意：再次见到他真是太高兴了，以至于我们都没注意到时间已经很晚了。修饰名词pleasure应用such，so为副词后接形容词或副词。故so改为such。
7.考查形容词。句意同上。根据上文it was可知应用形容词作表语，表示“晚的；迟的”，故later改为late。
8.考查代词。句意同上。结合句意可知“我们”都没有注意到时间已经很晚了，故I改为We。
9.考查动词时态。句意：无论我去哪里，我都会珍惜和老师在一起的时光。本句为wherever引导的让步状语从句，本句中主句为一般将来时，从句需要用一般现在时表将来。故去掉第一个will。
10.考查定语从句关系词。句意同上。本句为定语从句修饰先行词time，且先行词在从句中做宾语，指“时间”，应用关系代词that或which，做宾语时可省略。故when改为that/which/去掉。
【点睛】定语从句中的关系词选择，可考虑以下几点：
1、看清楚先行词的意义，就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等等。
2、看清楚关系词的句法功能，就是理清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等等。作定语通常用whose，有时也用which。作状语要用when, where, why。
3、看清楚定语从句的种类，就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that、why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。
4、看清楚文体，就是理清是正式文体，还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。
如第十小题，本句为定语从句修饰先行词time，且先行词在从句中做宾语，指“时间”，应用关系代词that或which，做宾语时可省略。故when改为that/which/去掉。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52.假如你叫李华，进入高三的学习，压力很大，想和父母说说心里话，请你用英文在你的博客上用书信形式表达出来。主要内容如下：
知心话
感恩——感谢父母的关心、鼓励
对父母的期望——(1)多加交流 (2)适时提供帮助
学习打算
考生自拟(至少写两点)
注意：(1)短文必须包括所有内容要点，可适当发挥。
(2)词数：100左右(开头与结尾已给出，不计入词数)。
Dear Mom and Dad,
With the College Entrance Examination approaching, I really hope to have a heart-to-heart talk with you!
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mom and Dad, I am quite confident about my future. Wish you good health and a happy life.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mom and Dad,
With the College Entrance Examination approaching, I really hope to have a heart-to-heart talk with you!
During the years, I always feel grateful for your unselfish care and love. Thanks to your constant encouragement, I have been making remarkable progress in my studies.
Since it will be less than one month before the exam, Iˈm under great pressure now. I would appreciate it if you can have a frequent talk with me and provide me with timely help, which contributes to my staying in a good state.
I am fully aware of the responsibilities I am shouldering. I have made up my mind to make every effort to study, for I believe hard work is the key to success. Just as the saying goes, "no pains, no gains. " Meanwhile, I will spare some time to participate in sports activities, aiming to build up my body and free myself from the heavy work of studies.
Mom and Dad, I am quite confident about my future. Wish you good health and a happy life.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇提纲类作文。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一封电子邮件；假如你叫李华，进入高三的学习，压力很大，想和父母说说心里话，请你用英文在你的博客上用书信形式表达出来。主要内容如下：
知心话
感恩——感谢父母的关心、鼓励
对父母的期望——(1)多加交流 (2)适时提供帮助
学习打算
考生自拟(至少写两点)
第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词（组）, 如：grateful（感激的）；unselfish（无私的）；constant encouragement（不断的鼓励）；make progress in（取得进步）；be under great pressure（承受巨大压力）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。
第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如Since it will be less than one month before the exam, Iˈm under great pressure now.运用了原因状语从句；I would appreciate it if you can have a frequent talk with me and provide me with timely help, which contributes to my staying in a good state.运用了条件状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。
英语试题
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Listed here are four of the thousands of impressive museums around the world.
The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao in Bilbao，Spain
Built in 1997，the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao is one of the newest in the world.It has transformed the industrial city of Bilbao into a travelers' desired destination.The beautiful architecture of the museum has provided a dramatic background for movies and commercials.
The Louvre in Paris，France
Probably the most famous Louvre also holds the most famous painting in the world，the “Mona Lisa” by Leonardo da Vinci.Crowds can be found any day surrounding the small，but mysterious painting of the smiling woman.But，the Louvre is much more than a home to the “Mona Lisa”．The Louvre is visited by more people each year than any other museum in the world.
The Barnes Foundation in Philadelphia，America
Just opened in its new downtown location in 2012，the Barnes Foundation is “unique”in that it is a completely reproduced display from one man's private collection.Dr.Albert C．Barnes started collecting art in the early 20th century and collected，among others，the largest number of original Renoir paintings in the world.
The Uffizi Gallery in Florence，Italy
Walking on the marbled floors feels like stepping back in time.The building itself is a beautiful palace—like structure with frescoes(湿壁画) decorating the ceilings and walls.Viewers are bowled over(印象深刻) by the works by Botticelli，such as “The Birth of Venus”．Classic artworks from nearly 1，000 years ago describe religious events of the time.
1. Which of the following is the most popular?
A. The Louvre.
B. The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao.
C. The Barnes Foundation.
D. The Uffizi Gallery.
2. What makes the Barnes Foundation particular?
A. Its structure. B. Its collection.
C. Its location. D. Its history.
3. What type of writing is this text?
A. An activity poster.
B. An exhibition announcement.
C. An art show review.
D. A travel guide.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
本文为广告类，涉及文学与艺术话题。文章主要介绍了四个世界闻名的博物馆。
【1题详解】
考查细节理解。由由The Louvre in Paris，France部分的"Crowds can be found any day"和"The Louvre is visited by more people each year than any other museum in the world"可知四个博物馆中卢浮宫人气最旺。故选A。
【2题详解】
考查细节理解。由The Barnes Foundation in Philadelphia，America部分的“the Barnes Foundation is unique in that it is a completely reproduced display from one man's private collection”可知，该博物馆的特殊之处在于其所有的展览品均是复制品。故选B。
【3题详解】
考查推理判断。由“Listed here are four of the thousands of impressive museums around the world”可知，本文主要介绍了四个世界闻名的博物馆的概况，故最有可能是旅行指南。故选D。
B
Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways. Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust. Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a significant role in a family or culture's celebrations or traditions. The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural (农村的) and urban areas within one country.
Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion (时刻) or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread, so this tradition hits its roots in the custom of sharing bread.
Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (兴旺) in the New Year. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita. A coin is put into the cake, which signifies (预示) success in the New Year for the person who receives it.
Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role. In China, when a baby is one month old, families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-colored eggs to guests. In many cultures, round foods such as grapes, bread, and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.
Nutrition is necessary for life, so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.
4. According to the passage, sharing bread______.
A. indicates a lack of food
B. can help to develop unity
C. is a custom unique to rural areas
D. has its roots in birthday celebrations
5. What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year?
A. Trust. B. Success.
C Health. D. Togetherness.
6. The author explains the role of food in celebrations by______.
A. using examples B. making comparisons
C. analyzing causes D. describing processes
7. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The custom of sharing food.
B. The specific meaning of food.
C. The role of food in ceremonies.
D. The importance of food in culture.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是食物和文化的关系。不同的文化包含着不同的饮食传统和庆祝方式。食物通过两种基本的方式在扮演着沟通的角色。
【此处有视频，请去附件查看】
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust.可知，分享面包或其他食物是人类共同的传统，可以促进团结和增加信任。所以分享食物可以促进团结。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段A coin is put into the cake, which signifies (预示) success in the New Year...可知，一枚硬币放入蛋糕,这预示着在新的一年里取得成功。所以硬币预示着来年的成功。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段“Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (兴旺) in the New Year. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita.”可知，食物在许多新年庆祝活动中也扮演着重要的角色。在美国南部，一块块的玉米面包代表着新的一年的繁荣昌盛。在希腊，人们分享一种叫做vasilopita的特殊蛋糕。所以作者主要使用了举例的方法来解释食物在庆祝中的角色。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是“Nutrition is necessary for life, so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world. ”可知，营养是生命所必需的，所以食物是世界各地不同文化的重要组成部分也就不足为奇了。所以这篇文章主要讲了食物在文化中的重要性。故选D。
C
Attending college can be expensive, and applying to college can be costly as well. With today’s college application fees averaging around $ 80, you can expect to spend hundreds of dollars on college before you are even accepted into a school.
One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools. To save money, try to limit the schools to which you apply to about 2-3 reach schools and 2-3 safety schools.
At some schools, being a relative of a graduate can secure you a free application. If you are applying to a school where one of your parents or grandparents is a former graduate, check to see if you’ re qualified for it.
Research the preferred method of applying for each school on your list. Some schools offer free online applications, yet charge a fee for paper submissions. This is because online applications save schools the cost of employing a staff member to physically enter the application information.
Several states, such as Michigan and North Carolina, take part in College Application Week, where many schools in the participating states cancel their application fee for the week. Be sure to contact the schools to I j which you are applying to see if they participate in College Application Week and when the program takes place in that state.
Apply for early admission. If you have already decided on which college is your top choice, consider applying under an Early Action or Early Decision admission program. If you are accepted, you won’t have to submit application fees to other schools.
For more information regarding college applications and the fees associated with them, contact your high I school advisor or the admissions department at your school(s) of interest.
8. The passage is mainly written to______.
A. introduce famous universities in the United Stales
B. show some practical ways to apply an ideal college
C. advertise for successful applications and advisors
D. offer tips to save money on college application fees
9. What does the author advise to do in the second paragraph?
A. Write down your favorite universities.
B. Reduce the number of your university choices.
C. Apply to two universities each time.
D. Mind your safety when applying to college.
10. Some schools offer free online application to______,
A. receive fees faster than before B. employ someone else to work
C. cut down the cost of employment D. enter the application information
11. It can be known from the passage that______,
A. application fee might be canceled conditionally
B. many countries attend College Application Week
C. applying for early admission is the best policy
D. admission departments determine your future
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。介绍一些方法节省申请大学的相关费用。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段到第六段“One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools. At some schools, being a relative of a graduate can secure you a free application. Research the preferred method of applying for each school on your list. Several states, such as Michigan and North Carolina, take part in College Application Week, where many schools in the participating states cancel their application fee for the week. Apply for early admission ”可知，在你开始申请之前，节省大学申请费用最简单的方法之一就是缩小你申请的学校范围。在一些学校，成为毕业生的亲戚可以让你免费申请。研究申请名单上每所学校的首选方法。一些州，如密歇根州和北卡罗莱纳州，参加了大学申请周，参加申请周的许多学校会取消他们的申请费用。申请提早入学。所以本文旨在介绍一些方法节省申请大学的相关费用，故选D.
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段的One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools可知，在你开始申请之前，节省大学申请费用最简单的方法之一就是缩小你的学校范围。所以作者建议缩减申请学校。故选B.
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由第4段“This is because online applications save schools the cost of employing a staff member to physically enter the application information.”可知，这是因为在线申请为学校节省了雇佣职员来输入信息的费用。所以一些学校提供免费的网上申请，以降低雇佣成本。故选C.
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段到第六段“One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools. At some schools, being a relative of a graduate can secure you a free application. Research the preferred method of applying for each school on your list. Several states, such as Michigan and North Carolina, take part in College Application Week, where many schools in the participating states cancel their application fee for the week. Apply for early admission ”可知，在你开始申请之前，节省大学申请费用最简单的方法之一就是缩小你申请的学校范围。在一些学校，成为毕业生的亲戚可以让你免费申请。研究申请名单上每所学校的首选方法。一些州，如密歇根州和北卡罗莱纳州，参加了大学申请周，参加申请周的许多学校会取消他们的申请费用。申请提早入学。所以本文介绍了一些方法节省申请大学的相关费用，故申报费用“在某些条件”是不用交的。故选A.
D
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit(联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 Languages: the Americas about 1,000, Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6.000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
12. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?
A. They developed very fast. B. They were large in number.
C. They had similar patters. D. They were closely connected
13. Which of the following best explains "dominant" underlined in paragraph 2？
A. Complex. B. Advanced.
C. Powerful. D. Modern.
14. How many languages are spoken by less than 6, 000 people at present?
A. About 6,800 . B. About 3,400
C. About 2,400 D. About 1,200.
15. What is the main idea of the text?
A. New languages will be created.
B. Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C. Human development results in fewer languages.
D. Geography determines language evolution.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了随着社会的发展人类语言越来越少及其原因。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other... when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.可知，当世界以依靠狩猎为生的人组成的时候，小而联系紧密的群落形成了他们彼此之间独立的讲话模式……当世界上的人口数量不到一千万时，语言种类达到了12,000种。由此推知，当时的语言种类很多。故选B。
【13题详解】
猜测词义题。根据文章第二段中的dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.可知，英语、西班牙语和汉语正在快速替代其他语言。由此推知dominant languages意为“强有力的语言”。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的At present, the world has about 6,800 languages.和The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that. 可知，目前世界上大约有6800种语言，但是讲的人数少于6000人的占一半即3400。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨要义题。根据文章第一段中的主题句Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.可知，语言的产生和消失进行了几千年，但最近语言产生的少，消失的太多。故选C。
点睛：长难句解读
In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
分析：dominant前的and连接两个并列句，all和前面的名词短语trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications是同位语。
句意：在最近的几个世纪，贸易、工业化、民族国家的发展和全球义务教育的普及，尤其是过去几十年来，全球化和更好的交流，这些都导致许多语言消失。而且像英语、西班牙语和汉语等主流语言正日益占据主导地位。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How Laughing at Yourself Makes You Attractive
Have you ever embarrassed yourself in public and got laughed at for it ?_____16_____And it’s okay—we should even have a laugh about them.
● Laughing at yourself means accepting who you really are. You may feel bad about yourself because of past misfortune. However, it’s normal to be imperfect. What’s important is that you should be honest with yourself about who you are._____17_____ You won’t be able to laugh at yourself without self-acceptance.
● Laughing at yourself helps increase your confidence. When you’re able to stay optimistic and laugh at yourself, you are likely to be more successful in life.___18___.More importantly, it helps you realize your own weaknesses, so you know which areas to do better in.
●_____19_____.Laughing at someone else may hurt their feelings even if you didn’t intend to, while laughing at yourself does not.—You might even bring a smile to their faces. People will like it, because it shows that you have the courage to do so and you’re being real about your imperfections.
___20___.So instead of blaming yourself, try to think of your mistakes, in a positive way and accept yourself just as you are. Learn to laugh at yourself and you will be more attractive.
A. Laughing at yourself makes you popular.
B. Accept yourself despite your imperfections.
C. You don’t need to take yourself seriously all the time.
D. Chances are that we all have these kinds of experiences.
E. Laughing at yourself changes an ideal image of yourself.
F. Just remember that humans all make mistakes.
G. This is because laughing at yourself contributes to your mental health.
【答案】16. D 17. B
18. G 19. A
20. F
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了自嘲让人变得有魅力的三个原因。
【16题详解】
根据上文Have you ever embarrassed yourself in public and got laughed at for it ?（你是否曾在公共场合让自己难堪并因此而被嘲笑?）可知，我们都有过在公共场合让自己难堪并因此而被嘲笑的经历。是对上句的回答。故D选项“我们都有这样的经历。”符合上下文语境。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据下文You won’t be able to laugh at yourself without self-acceptance.（没有自我接纳，你就无法自嘲。）中acceptance可对应到B选项中Accept yourself，故B选项“接受不完美的自己。”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【18题详解】
结合下文More importantly, it helps you realize your own weaknesses, so you know which areas to do better in.（更重要的是，它可以帮助你认识到自己的弱点，这样你就知道在哪些方面可以做得更好。）可知是在说明自嘲的好处是让人认识到自己的弱点，故G选项“这是因为自嘲有助于心理健康。”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据下文You might even bring a smile to their faces. People will like it, because it shows that you have the courage to do so and you’re being real about your imperfections.（你甚至可以给他们带来微笑。人们会喜欢它，因为它表明你有勇气这样做，你对自己的不完美是真实的。）可知人们喜欢自嘲的人，因此自嘲会让人变得更受欢迎。故A选项“自嘲会让你更受欢迎。”符合上下文语境。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据下文So instead of blaming yourself, try to think of your mistakes, in a positive way and accept yourself just as you are.（因此，与其责备自己，不如试着以积极的方式思考自己的错误，接受自己本来的样子。）可知人类都会有犯错的时候，与其责备自己，不如试着以积极的方式思考自己的错误，接受自己本来的样子。故F选项“只要记住人类都会犯错。”符合上下文语境。故选F。
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Dear Seth you are only three years old, and at this point in your life you are not able to ___21___this letter.But some day when you___22___, I hope you will find something___23___in what I am going to share with you. Life can be___24___.There will be people in your life who won’t be very nice. They’ll___25___you because you are different,___26___for no good reason. You will also face heartbreak and might be___27___by those you love. I hope you don’t have to face these too much, but such things___28___. Be open to life anyway. You’ll find cruelty and___29___on your journey through life, but don’t let that___30___you from finding new things. I don’t retreat(退却)from life, and don’t hide or wall yourself off. Be open to new things, new experiences, and new people. You will___31___ many times, but if you allow that to stop you from trying, you will___32___many chances. Do remember failure is a stepping stone to___33___You will meet many people who will try to do___34___than you, in school, in college, and at work. They’ll try to have nicer cars, bigger houses, nicer clothes, and so on. To___35___, life is a competition. However, I believe life is a___36___. If you always try your best to___37___others, you are wasting your life. Learn to enjoy your life___38___and you will make it a journey of___39___of learning and of love. Finally, know that I love you and always will. You are___40___a really wonderful journey, and I will always be there for you.
Love Dad
21. A. study B. understand C. believe D. expect
22. A. grow up B. show up C. cheer up D. give up
23. A. familiar B. valuable C. normal D. interesting
24. A. unkind B. peaceful C. equal D. simple
25. A. look at B. run after C. laugh at D. look after
26. A. if B. but C. so D. or
27. A. hurt B. found C. accepted D. impressed
28 A. matter B. work C. disappear D. happen
29 A. luck B. pain C. difference D. hope
30. A. protect B. encourage C. stop D. choose
31. A. leave B. prepare C. escape D. fail
32. A. enjoy B. try C. miss D. meet
33. A. success B. life C. action D. sorrow
34. A. earlier B. better C. less D. faster
35. A. you B. me C. him D. them
36. A. challenge B. drama C. journey D. dream
37. A. change B. pardon C. follow D. beat
38. A. somewhere B. instead C. afterwards D. though
39. A. cruelty B. danger C. happiness D. quietness
40. A. starting B. destroying C. finishing D. replacing
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. A
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章为作者写给自己三岁孩子Seth的信。信中作者阐述了自己对于生活残酷一面的理解和给孩子的建议，以及对于失败的看法。作者认为生活是一段旅程，要学会享受生活，它就会变成快乐、学习和爱的旅程。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：亲爱的赛斯，你只有三岁，此刻你还不能理解这封信。A. study学习；B. understand理解；C. believe相信；D. expect期待。结合上文Seth只有三岁可知目前还不能理解这封信。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是有一天，当你长大了，我希望你能在我将要与你分享东西中找到一些有价值的东西。A. grow up成长；B. show up露面；C. cheer up使高兴；D. give up放弃。结合上文Seth目前只有三岁看不懂信，可知这封信是写给长大后的Seth的。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是有一天，当你长大了，我希望你能在我将要与你分享的东西中找到一些有价值的东西。A. familiar熟悉的；B. valuable有价值的；C. normal正常的；D. interesting有趣的。结合下文作者分析成功和失败的关系等等内容可知，作者是在给自己的孩子提供一些有价值的意见。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生活是无情的。A. unkind不友善的；无情的；B. peaceful和平的；C. equal平等的；D. simple简单的。根据下文There will be people in your life who won’t be very nice.可知生活有时很无情。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们会嘲笑你，因为你与众不同，或者没有任何理由。A. look at看着；B. run after追赶；C. laugh at嘲笑；D. look after照顾。结合上文There will be people in your life who won’t be very nice.可知一些人们不友好，因此他们会因为你的与众不同而嘲笑你。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：他们会嘲笑你，因为你与众不同，或者没有任何理由。A. if如果；B. but但是；C. so因此；D. or或者。此处表示选择关系“或者”，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你也会面临心碎时刻，可能会被你爱的人伤害。A. hurt伤害；B. found发现；C. accepted接受；D. impressed印象深刻。结合上文You will also face heartbreak可知被爱的人伤害而心碎。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望你不要过多地面对这些，这样的事情是会发生的。A. matter要紧；B. work工作；C. disappear消失；D. happen发生。结合上文提到生活是无情的，因此这些痛苦的事情是确实会发生的。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在你的人生旅途中，你会遇到残酷和痛苦，但不要让这些阻碍你发现新事物。A. luck运气；B. pain痛苦；C. difference不同；D. hope希望。结合上文cruelty可知是指残酷和痛苦。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在你的人生旅途中，你会遇到残酷和痛苦，但不要让这些阻碍你发现新事物。A. protect保护；B. encourage鼓励；C. stop阻止；D. choose选择。结合上文Be open to life anyway.可知作者希望这些痛苦不会阻止Seth发现新事物。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你会失败很多次，但如果你让失败阻止你去尝试，你会错过很多机会。A. leave离开；B. prepare准备；C. escape逃跑；D. fail失败。结合下文Do remember failure is a stepping可知此处是指失败许多次，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你会失败很多次，但如果你让失败阻止你去尝试，你会错过很多机会。A. enjoy欣赏；B. try尝试；C. miss错过；D. meet遇见。结合上文if you allow that to stop you from trying可知如果让失败阻止你去尝试，你会错过很多机会。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：记住失败是成功的垫脚石。A. success成功；B. life生活；C. action行动；D. sorrow悲伤。失败是为了获得成功，因此失败是成功的垫脚石。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在学校，在大学，在工作中，你会遇到很多想要做得比你更好的人。A. earlier更早的；B. better更好的；C. less更少的；D. faster更快的。根据下文They’ll try to have nicer cars, bigger houses, nicer clothes, and so on.可知是遇到很多想要做得比自己更好的人。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查代词辨析。句意：对他们来说，生活就是一场竞争。A. you你；B. me我；C. him他；D. them他们。结合上文这些人想要更好的车，更大的房子，更好的衣服，等等可知，对他们来说，生活就是一场竞争。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我相信人生是一段旅程。A. challenge挑战；B. drama戏剧；C. journey旅程；D. dream梦想。结合下文you will make it a journey可知人生是一段旅程。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你总是尽力去打败别人，你是在浪费生命。A. change改变；B. pardon原谅；C. follow跟随；D. beat打败。结合上文life is a competition可知此处表示总是在尽力打败别人。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：相反学会享受你的生活，你就会把它变成快乐、学习和爱的旅程。A. somewhere在某处；B. instead相反；C. afterwards后来；D. though尽管。结合上文Learn to enjoy your life可知是与总是尽力打败别人相反的是享受生活。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反学会享受你的生活，你就会把它变成快乐、学习和爱的旅程。A. cruelty残酷；B. danger危险；C. happiness幸福；D. quietness安静。根据后文learning and of love可知此处指快乐幸福、学习和爱的旅程。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你即将开始一段美妙的旅程，我永远都会在你身边。A. starting开始；B. destroying破坏；C. finishing结束；D. replacing替代。根据后文and I will always be there for you.为一般将来时可推知是即将开始一段美妙的旅程。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
语法填空
It's common to see food delivery workers riding electric bikes in a hurry through big cities in China. Some of them even risk ___41___ (run) red lights to deliver their meals in time. However, such careless behavior often causes serious problems.
The reason for the rise of such a careless behavior is that there is ___42___ large demand for food delivery workers, and many companies offer high salaries ___43___(attract) new workers.
In fact, food delivery workers are often under high ___44___(press) from their employers. They face company fines for delivering food late. Moreover, the more orders they take, the more money they can earn, ___45___ leads to some workers checking ___46___(they) mobile phones for new orders while they are riding their bikes
While most companies require delivery workers to follow traffic rules, it remains a problem whether these requirements and rules are ___47___(strict) obeyed
To solve the problem, some cities ___48___(take) action since last year. Shanghai required the delivery workers should___49___(train) on traffic rules and safety. Now in Shenzhen, if a delivery worker gets caught breaking traffic rules more than twice, he or she will be banned _____50_____ driving food delivery vehicles for a whole year.
【答案】41. running
42. a 43. to attract
44. pressure
45. which 46. their
47. strictly
48. have taken
49. be trained
50. from
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。本文主要介绍了了骑电动自行车的食品送货工人由于粗心行驶常常引起严重的问题，并对这种现象出现的原因进行了分析。
【41题详解】
考查动名词。句意：有些人为了及时送饭甚至冒着闯红灯的危险。risk doing sth为固定搭配，意为“冒险做某事”。故填running。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这种粗心行为上升的原因是对食品送货工人的需求量大造成的。demand 为可数名称，且large首字母的发音为辅音音素，所以用a来表示泛指，a large demand for…意为“对......巨大的需求量”，故填a。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语作目的状语。句意：许多公司为了吸引新工人而提供高薪。分析句意可知，动词不定式表目的，故填to attract。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：事实上，食品配送工人经常受到来自雇主的压力。分析句子可知，本句中的press在句子被形容词high修饰，一起作under的介词宾语，因此要用名词pressure。故填pressure。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。分析句子the more orders they take, the more money they can earn，__5__ leads to some workers checking their mobile phones可知，本句为非限制性定语从句，前面句子作定语从句的主语，所以要用which指代前面的内容。故填which。
【46题详解】
考查人称代词。句意：他们接的订单越多，他们赚钱越多，这导致（为了节省时间）当他们骑车时会看手机。分析句意可知，是配送工人骑车时看他们的（their）的手机。故填their。
【47题详解】
考查副词作状语修饰动词。句意：虽然大多数公司要求送货工人遵守交通规则，但这些要求和规则是否严格遵守，仍然是个问题。分析句子rules are ___7___ (strict)obeyed可知，形容词strict在句中修饰动词obey，修饰动词要用副词，故用其副词形式strictly。故填strictly。
【48题详解】
考查谓语动词的时态。根据句中的时态状语“since last year”可知，本句中要用现在完成时，主语是复数名词some cities，故填have taken。
【49题详解】
考查虚拟语气。分析句子Shanghai required the delivery workers should___9___ (train) on traffic rules and safety可知，本句中require表示建议，所带的宾语从句要用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可省略。本句中的工人是被培训，故要用（should） be trained，其中的should可省略。故填be trained。
【50题详解】
考查介词。ban sb.from doing sth，为固定搭配，意为“禁止某人做某事”。其被动形式为sb, be banned from doing sth.，故填from。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last weekend, I went to visit my English teacher, who was already in his fifty. He gives me a lot help when I was a junior middle school student. Delighting to see me, he asked about my senior middle school life. Then he advised me to make fully preparations for the coming entrance examination. It was so a pleasure to see him again that I didn’t notice it was very later. I had to say goodbye to each other.
He is not only a good teacher but also my close friend. Wherever I will go, I will always treasure the time when I spent with my teacher.
【答案】1.fifty→fifties
2.gives→gave
3.a lot后加of
4.delighting→delighted
5.fully→full
6.so→such
7.later→late
8.I→We
9.去掉第一个will
10.when→that/which/去掉
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者上周拜访自己的英语老师的事情。
【详解】1.考查固定短语。句意：上个周末，我去拜访我的英语老师，他已经五十多岁了。固定短语in one’s fifties“在某人五十岁”，故fifty改为fifties。
2.考查动词时态。句意：当我还是初中生的时候，他给了我很多帮助。结合下文when I was a junior middle school student可知应用一般过去时。故gives改为gave。
3.考查固定短语。句意同上。修饰名词help应用a lot of修饰，a lot为副词短语修饰动词。故a lot后加of。
4.考查形容词。句意：他见到我很高兴，问起我的高中生活。此处为形容词作状语，且修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词，故delighting改为delighted。
5.考查形容词。句意：然后他建议我为即将到来的入学考试做好充分准备。修饰名词preparations 应用形容词，表示“做好充分的准备”，故fully改为full。
6.考查such...that。句意：再次见到他真是太高兴了，以至于我们都没注意到时间已经很晚了。修饰名词pleasure应用such，so为副词后接形容词或副词。故so改为such。
7.考查形容词。句意同上。根据上文it was可知应用形容词作表语，表示“晚的；迟的”，故later改为late。
8.考查代词。句意同上。结合句意可知“我们”都没有注意到时间已经很晚了，故I改为We。
9.考查动词时态。句意：无论我去哪里，我都会珍惜和老师在一起的时光。本句为wherever引导的让步状语从句，本句中主句为一般将来时，从句需要用一般现在时表将来。故去掉第一个will。
10.考查定语从句关系词。句意同上。本句为定语从句修饰先行词time，且先行词在从句中做宾语，指“时间”，应用关系代词that或which，做宾语时可省略。故when改为that/which/去掉。
【点睛】定语从句中的关系词选择，可考虑以下几点：
1、看清楚先行词的意义，就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等等。
2、看清楚关系词的句法功能，就是理清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等等。作定语通常用whose，有时也用which。作状语要用when, where, why。
3、看清楚定语从句的种类，就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that、why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。
4、看清楚文体，就是理清是正式文体，还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。
如第十小题，本句为定语从句修饰先行词time，且先行词在从句中做宾语，指“时间”，应用关系代词that或which，做宾语时可省略。故when改为that/which/去掉。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52.假如你叫李华，进入高三的学习，压力很大，想和父母说说心里话，请你用英文在你的博客上用书信形式表达出来。主要内容如下：
知心话
感恩——感谢父母的关心、鼓励
对父母的期望——(1)多加交流 (2)适时提供帮助
学习打算
考生自拟(至少写两点)
注意：(1)短文必须包括所有内容要点，可适当发挥。
(2)词数：100左右(开头与结尾已给出，不计入词数)。
Dear Mom and Dad,
With the College Entrance Examination approaching, I really hope to have a heart-to-heart talk with you!
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mom and Dad, I am quite confident about my future. Wish you good health and a happy life.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mom and Dad,
With the College Entrance Examination approaching, I really hope to have a heart-to-heart talk with you!
During the years, I always feel grateful for your unselfish care and love. Thanks to your constant encouragement, I have been making remarkable progress in my studies.
Since it will be less than one month before the exam, Iˈm under great pressure now. I would appreciate it if you can have a frequent talk with me and provide me with timely help, which contributes to my staying in a good state.
I am fully aware of the responsibilities I am shouldering. I have made up my mind to make every effort to study, for I believe hard work is the key to success. Just as the saying goes, "no pains, no gains. " Meanwhile, I will spare some time to participate in sports activities, aiming to build up my body and free myself from the heavy work of studies.
Mom and Dad, I am quite confident about my future. Wish you good health and a happy life.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇提纲类作文。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一封电子邮件；假如你叫李华，进入高三的学习，压力很大，想和父母说说心里话，请你用英文在你的博客上用书信形式表达出来。主要内容如下：
知心话
感恩——感谢父母的关心、鼓励
对父母的期望——(1)多加交流 (2)适时提供帮助
学习打算
考生自拟(至少写两点)
第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词（组）, 如：grateful（感激的）；unselfish（无私的）；constant encouragement（不断的鼓励）；make progress in（取得进步）；be under great pressure（承受巨大压力）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。
第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如Since it will be less than one month before the exam, Iˈm under great pressure now.运用了原因状语从句；I would appreciate it if you can have a frequent talk with me and provide me with timely help, which contributes to my staying in a good state.运用了条件状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。
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