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河北省沧州市任丘市第一中学2020届高三第三次模拟（一）考试英语试卷
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英 语 （一）
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Have you ever been into a cave? If not, please follow us and explore some of the most beautiful caves from around the world!
Marble Caves
Located in the center of Lake General Carrera, the Marble Caves in Chico, Chile, are only accessible by boat. The surrounding crystal clear waters allow visitors to see the rock formations beneath them while the rock ceilings above change color (depending on the water levels and the season). The best time to visit: during sunrise and sunset, when the sun’s rays light up the cave walls, making it an experience to remember.
Reed Flute Cave
Reed F1ute Cave known as “the Palace of Natural Arts” is located in the northwest of Guilin in southern China. The limestone cave offers a grand fairyland of stalactites(钟乳石), stone pillars, stone curtains, birds, plants and animals in fantastic shapes and colors.
Fingal’s Cave
This incredible sea cave is located on the uninhabited island of Staffa in Scotland. The cave’s size, shape, and naturally arched(拱形的) roof combine with the waves to create strange sounds that enhance its cathedral-like atmosphere.
The Blue Grotto
The Blue Grotto is the symbol of Capri. It is a sea cave found on the coast of the island and is a well-known spot to all who visit the area. This cave is unique for its brilliant blue light which comes from two sources: the entrance to the cave and a bigger hole beneath the entrance. When viewed from inside the cave, the entrance appears as a brilliant white light just above the waterline, while the underwater hole, which is the larger source of light, provides a blue light.
21. Why is sunset the best time to visit Marble Caves?
A. Because it has enough light in it.
B. Because it has the most beautiful scenery.
C. Because it is surrounded by clear waters.
D. Because boats are only available at sunset.
22. Which cave will you go to if you want to enjoy the strange sound?
A. Reed F1ute Cave. B. Marble Caves.
C. The Blue Grotto. D. Fingal’s Cave.
23. What is special about the Blue Grotto?
A. C1ear waters. B. Various birds and animals.
C. Bright blue light. D. Strange shapes.
B
NEW HAVEN, Connecticut—A surprise awaited students in Yale who showed up for Professor Laurie Santos’s class. They got slips of paper that said, “No class today.” There was only one rule for the students ‘unexpected free time’—They were not allowed to study, but to relax. Since exams and papers were coming up, everyone was tired and stressed. At this moment they were touched. With around applause, nine students hugged Santos, and two burst into tears.
Yet, cancelling class was not just a break. It was also a challenge, as she was asking them to stop worrying about their grades, even if it was just an hour. One student went to the Yale University Art Gallery for the first time in her four years at Yale. A group of students went to a recording studio and played a new song. More people were outside, and more were smiling. That’s why about 1,200 students were taking Santos’s class, called “Psychology and the Good Life,” the largest class in Yale’s 317-year history. Even non-Yale students had the chance to take Santos’s class. It was offered as an online course and she immediately became an Internet hit.
Skyler Robinson, one of her students, was at a loss for a while about what to do during his break, and then decided to take a nap. “It was a great nap,” he commented. Santos designed the class after she realized that her students kept busy through long days that seemed far more depressing and joyless than her own college years. “They feel they’re in this crazy rat race. They’re working so hard that they can’t take a single hour off. That’s awful.”
The ideas behind the class are simple. Santos said, “It is the hope that science can help students find peace among all the stresses and difficulties they face at college.” The lessons include showing more gratitude, performing acts of kindness and increasing social connections. The students really wanted to learn to lead a happy life in a science-driven way. Santos also noted the psychological happening of “mis-wanting”, which led people to work towards the wrong goals in life.
One week, Santo asked students to exercise. Another week, she wanted them to get more sleep. They worked hard to keep some new habits. Social science research led to many new understandings of how people find happiness. She thinks her class can change Yale, or rather, not just Yale.
24. How did students respond to the cancelling class?
A. They expressed their concern.
B. They were at a loss what to do.
C. They showed gratitude to the teacher.
D. They were eager to study individually.
25. How can we know Santo’s class was popular?
A. From the attendance in her class.
B. From the subject she taught.
C. From the long history of Yale.
D. From the release of the online course.
26. What can students learn from Santos’s class?
A. To develop good study habits.
B. To let exercise become their routine.
C. To better understand how to find happiness.
D. To do something joyful during the stressful time.
27. What can we infer from the text?
A. Santos had a more stressful time in her college.
B. Students would be in rat race after Santos’s class.
C. Santos’s influence can reach a wider range of people.
D. Santos is going to cancel more classes for better effects.
C
If a family member blames you for something you have done, it is important to be careful about how you defend yourself. It is not a good idea to use ways that cause hurt, even if they would help you make a valid point. If you can think of an instance where the other person has done exactly what they accuse you of, for example, it would not be good manners to throw it in their face. You should only bring it up if you don’t have a choice. Then, you should make sure that you do it respectfully.
Even if a family member intentionally goes against reasonable wishes you may have, you should understand that people see even the most fundamental things in very different ways. Remember that people are different. If you consider any noise after midnight to be intolerable, for example, others may see it is completely acceptable. It can take them a great deal of time to change their behavior for a demand that they do not understand.
Think about the family conflicts that you are worried about now. Check to see if your parents had similar problems. People who grow up with parents who fight unfairly often repeat the same behavior. Consider changing the unfair habits that you grew up with.
Understand that memories tend to change. In long-standing family disputes, all parties involved tend to have completely different recollections of the original problem.
Families are a curious concept—while family members often feel nothing but annoyed for one another, they will also often be there for them if they should ever be in serious trouble. When you feel resentment for someone, think about how far you would go for them if they happened to be in trouble. It could help soften you. Think about how you care for the other person.
28. Which of the following does the author agree with according to the first paragraph?
A. To fight back to defend yourself.
B. To target the problem, not the person.
C. To deal with a man as he deals with you.
D. To hurt each other when angry.
29. What does the underlined word “resentment” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Curiosity. B. Kindness. C. Concern. D. Anger.
30. Which of the following statements may the author approve of?
A. Family members share the same memories over family disputes.
B. Parents should set a good example in a family.
C. It’s easy for people to agree on different ideas.
D. You can defend yourself by throwing facts back.
31. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Think about how you care for other persons.
B. Learn to concern about family members.
C. How to deal with family conflicts wisely.
D. Learn to accept each other in a family.
D
Even for a first-time visitor to China, it is impossible to ignore the popularity of Quick-Response (QR) codes. These square-shaped black-and-white symbols in WeChat or Alipay where QR codes are scanned to add new friends or make payments.
The QR Code system originated in Japan. The engineer Masahiro Hara felt the limitation of the one-dimension barcode in use and thus developed the QR codes which could carry data horizontally and vertically. QR codes could hold much more information than barcode due to their extra dimension. In addition, QR codes have larger data capacity, smaller print-out size and higher resistance to dirt and damage, which make them widely applied in many other applications.
Though the technology of QR codes is complicated, we can easily create our own QR codes with the help of QR code generators, many of which are available online for free. Users could enter the data they wish the QR code to display, and the generator turns it into a symbol that can be printed or displayed in electronic form. The process of creating QR codes could be really fun when we customise the design of the codes according to our specific needs. For instance, we can adjust the color, add a logo, and create social options etc. Moreover, dynamic(动态的) QR codes are also available. They are more various than standard QR codes because they allow users to edit data entered previously whereas data in standard QR codes cannot be edited once printed. Plus, don’t limit your QR code to one mobile scanner. Anyone can scan your code with any reader. A lower barrier to entry makes success more likely for you and the user.
Meanwhile, we must also recognize the vulnerability of QR codes. Due to its easy access, criminals can steal simply by replacing the QR codes with their own, routing cash into their own bank accounts. Hence, we should all become more conscious towards virtual money transactions through QR codes and participate in additional security measures.
32. Which of the following is NOT a function of QR codes?
A. Data storage.
B. Scanning reader.
C. Social networking.
D. Mobile payment.
33. Why is barcode mentioned in paragraph 2?
A. To introduce the main topic.
B. To show the author’s attitude.
C. To highlight the features of QR codes.
D. To add some background knowledge.
34. Which of the following best explains “vulnerability” underlined in paragraph 4?
A. Threat. B. Weakness.
C. Difficulty. D. Simplicity.
35. Which is true about QR codes according to the text?
A. They were first used in China.
B. The generators charge the users a lot.
C. Data editing is possible in printed QR codes.
D. More scanning devices are available in reading QR codes.
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Most of us grab a cup of coffee and a quick bite in the morning and eat more as the day goes on. 36. However, more and more studies on health suggest we may be doing it all backward.
37. It suggests that we should start our day with a big breakfast and follow it with a smaller lunch and a light supper. More research is needed, but a series of experiments in animals and humans have pointed in the same direction: 38. “I always tell people not to eat close to bedtime,” said a doctor in the United States. “Try to eat earlier in the day.”
Having the largest meal in the morning appears to have advantages for weight control compared with having a large meal in the evening, said one of the researchers. Our body uses in-sulin(胰岛素) to process the sugars in foods, she explained. The action of the hormone(激素) appears to be at its peak performance early in the day. “If you give a healthy individual a big meal in the morning, the blood glucose(葡萄糖) might stay high one or two hours before coming back to normal,” Dr. Kahleova added. “Now, you give the same big meal to the same healthy individual at night. 39. ” Doctors call this “evening diabetes(糖尿病).”
Dr. Kahleova said that the message is simple. It’s just like the old proverb: “Eat breakfast like a king，lunch like a prince and dinner like a beggar.” Good as it is, this piece of advice may be hard to follow. Nowadays, family life and social get-togethers often sit down to a big meal at the end of the day. 40.
A. Doctors have already taken note.
B. The blood glucose will stay high up to three hours.
C. The largest meal of the day usually comes in the evening.
D. A U. S. survey of the diet patterns provides the latest evidence.
E. For most of us，it is hard to make dinner our lightest meal of the day.
F. Not surprisingly，those who loved snacks tended to gain weight over time.
G. They suggested that rethinking when and how much we eat may have benefits.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，共30分）
What were you like as a teenager? I was a 41 . I was rude to my parents, always stayed out late, never did my homework, hung out with the wrong people and made many 42 decisions. Apparently, this is the age when teenagers are out of control and 43 badly. If you’re a teenager now, you think this is 44 criticism or it’s not your fault. Well, you might be 45 !
Experts have found that it’s a teenager’s brain that is to 46 . Between the ages of 47 13 to 19 the brain is still developing in areas that 48 behaviour. This has an/a 49 on learning and multitasking, stress and memory, sleep, addiction, and decision-making. This is quite a new 50 , according to Professor Sarah, ‘‘when I was at university, the dogma(教条) in the text books was that the vast brain 51 goes on in the first few years of life and nothing much 52 after mid-childhood. That dogma is completely 53 .’’
So our brains are still developing much later than was originally thought. Is this the perfect excuse for teenagers to 54 and not get their homework done on time? It’s something to do with our prefrontal cortex(前额皮层). It’s involved in many high-level cognitive(认知的) 55 such as decision making and planning. This region is undergoing large amounts of development during the adolescent years. For an/a 56 , this hasn’t developed yet. So getting organized to do their homework, for example, can be a bit 57 .
I wish I’d known about this because instead of telling my 58 I’d left my homework on the bus or that the dog had 59 it. Now I could say, ‘‘Sorry sir, my 60 isn’t developed enough for the cognitive task of planning my homework’’.
41. A. prince B. nightmare C. fool D. joke
42. A. real B. wise C. bad D. good
43. A. dress B. talk C. react D. behave
44. A. unfair B. practical C. fun D. reasonable
45. A. dull B. right C. wrong D. precise
46. A. praise B. blame C. wake D. call
47. A. appropriately B. alternatively C. frequently D. approximately
48. A. control B. use C. express D. play
49. A. touch B. impact C. role D. advantage
50. A. way B. invention C. discovery D. job
51. A. exploration B. experiment C. progress D. development
52. A. changes B. stays C. remains D. leaves
53. A. true B. unknown C. false D. satisfying
54. A. get over B. hang around C. look around D. take off
55. A. interests B. results C. drawbacks D. tasks
56. A. adult B. scientist C. teenager D. baby
57. A. exhausting B. simple C. challenging D. late
58. A. boss B. teacher C. trainer D. colleague
59. A. eaten B. seen C. passed D. recognized
60. A. knowledge B. body C. identity D. brain
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The State Hermitage Museum(冬宫博物馆) in St. Petersburg, is 61. second-largest art museum in the world after the Louvre, France, both of which are visited by millions of people 62. (annual). Hermitage holds not only artistic treasures but also a collection of living history 63. well.
The Hermitage was built as part of the royal Russian family’s Winter Palace. Empress Elizabeth had cats brought in 64. (rid) the several palace buildings of mice. The cats did their job well and 65. (give) homes in the basements of the buildings and the title of Hermitage cats.
The 74 Hermitage cats live at the museum 66. they now lead an extremely 67. (comfort) life. A press secretary is in charge of the cats, with three full-time caretakers 68. (attend) to their every need. There are even kitchens for preparing meals for the cats because every cat has its own 69. (prefer). This may all seem over the top, but Russian and foreign 70. (visit) alike love seeing the Hermitage cats while admiring some of the world’s greatest artistic treasures.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Gabriela,
Thanks for your last letter and I’m glad that you’re interested in reading books with English. I’ve just finished read Pride and Prejudice.
The story is very old-fashioned, and it’s very good. It’s a very interesting story. In the beginning the main character have a very bad firstly impression and they hate each other. However, after a short time, we know each other better. Well, I’ll let you to read the book to find that out!
The language is not difficult to make out. I’m sure you will like a character, Elizabeth Bennet. She just like you! Anyway, I hope you’ll enjoy the book. Write back soon and tell me what you get on.
Maria
第二节 提纲类作文（共25分）
假定你是李华，你校刚刚成立一个中国传统文化社团。你的英国朋友 Tom 在青岛大学留学，他对中国文化很感兴趣。请你给他写一封信，邀请他来参加活动。
内容包括:
1. 该社团成立的目的；
2. 该社团的活动内容和时间；
3. 邀请他方便时来参加活动。
注意:
1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________英 语 （一）答 案
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
A
【答案】21-23 ADC
【解析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了世界上最美丽的几个洞穴。
21. 细节理解题。由“Marble Caves”中的“The best time to visit: during sunrise and sunset, when the sun’s rays light up the cave walls, making it an experience to remember.”可知，游览的最佳时间：日出和日落时，太阳的光线照亮洞穴的墙壁，使之成为一次难忘的体验。即那时洞的光线充足。故A选项正确。
22. 细节理解题。由“Fingal’s Cave”中的“The cave’s size, shape, and naturally arched(拱形的) roof combine with the waves to create strange sounds that enhance its cathedral-like atmosphere.”可知，这个洞穴的大小、形状和自然的拱形屋顶与波浪相结合，创造出奇怪的声音，增加了如同大教堂般氛围的吸引力。所以如果你喜欢奇怪的声音，你可以去Fingal’s Cave。故D选项正确。
23. 细节理解题。由“The Blue Grotto”中的“This cave is unique for its brilliant blue light which comes from two sources: the entrance to the cave and a bigger hole beneath the entrance.”可知，这个洞穴是独一无二之处是洞里有蓝光，明亮的蓝光来自两个源头：洞穴的入口和入口下面的一个更大的洞。所以Blue Grotto的特别之处在于它的明亮的蓝光。故C选项正确。
B
【答案】24-27 CACC
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章论述Santos的课为什么受学生们欢迎。学生能从Santos的课中学到更好地理解如何找到幸福。Santos的影响力可以影响更广泛的人群。
24. 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“With around applause, nine students hugged Santos, and two burst into tears.”可知，学生们对取消课程表现出非常地感激。故选C。
25. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“That’s why about 1,200 students were taking Santos’s class, called ‘Psychology and the Good Life,’ the largest class in Yale’s 317-year history.”可知，我们从她课堂上的出勤率知道Santo的课很受欢迎。故选A。
26. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Social science research led to many new understandings of how people find happiness.”可知，学生能从Santos的课中更好地理解如何找到幸福。故选C。
27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“She thinks her class can change Yale, or rather, not just Yale.”可知，Santos的影响力可以影响更广泛的人群。故选C。
C
【答案】28-31 BDBC
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍如何明智地解决家庭冲突?
28. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“If you can think of an instance where the other person has done exactly what they accuse you of, for example, it would not be good manners to throw it in their face.” 比如说，如果家庭成员指责你不应该这样做，而你却回想到他/她以前也这么做过，这时候讲出这件事打他们的脸是不礼貌的做法。可以推断出，我们要就事论事，不针对个人。故选B。
29. 词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段“while family members often feel nothing but annoyed for one another, they will also often be there for them if they should ever be in serious trouble.”中的“annoyed”提示，和后句“think about how far you would go for them if they happened to be in trouble. It could help soften you.”请想一想：如果他/她陷入麻烦，你会怎么做？这会让你缓和对他/她的态度，从而可以猜测出resentment是贬义词，为“怨恨”之意。结合选项，故选D。
30. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“People who grow up with parents who fight unfairly often repeat the same behavior.” 可知，如果父母总是争吵，在这种情况下成长的人往往也会重复同样的行为。从而可以推断，父母应该在家庭中树立一个好榜样。故选B。
31. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“If a family member blames you for something you have done, it is important to be careful about how you defend yourself.”和全文内容可知，文章主要介绍如何明智地解决家庭冲突?故选C。
D
【答案】32-35 BCBD
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了二维码的优点和缺点。
32. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“These square-shaped black-and-white symbols in WeChat or Alipay where QR codes are scanned to add new friends or make payments.”和第二段中的“In addition, QR codes have larger data capacity, smaller print-out size and higher resistance to dirt and damage,”可知，A/C/D项是二维码的功能，B项不是。故选B。
33. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“QR codes could hold much more information than barcode due to their extra dimension.”由于二维码的额外尺寸，它可以比条形码包含更多的信息。可知，在第二段提到条形码是为了突出二维码的特点。故选C。
34. 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“Due to its easy access, criminals can steal simply by replacing the QR codes with their own, routing cash into their own bank accounts.”由于二维码方便获取，犯罪分子只需用自己的二维码替换受害人的二维码，将现金转入自己的银行账户就可以进行盗窃。可知这一段是在讲二维码的缺点。由此推知划线词的意思是“缺点”。故选B。
35. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“don’t limit your QR code to one mobile scanner. Anyone can scan your code with any reader. A lower barrier to entry makes success more likely for you and the user.”不要让你的二维码仅支持手机扫描，而是让任何人用任何读取器都能进行识别。更少的进入障碍对你和客户来说更可能是双赢。可知，更多扫描设备可以读取二维码。故选D。
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
【答案】36-40 CDABE
【解析】这是一篇说明文。我们大多数人往往早餐吃的最少，午餐晚餐会逐渐增加。而研究发现，我们或许应该反向行之：早餐吃得最多最好，午餐次之，晚餐最少。
36. 上一句提出：我们大多数人早上喝一杯咖啡，吃点东西，并随着时间的推移越吃越多。承接该句，C选项切题（一天中最大的一餐通常在晚上）。该段最后一句和前文正好构成转折关系，我们应该反向行之。
37. 根据下文中的“More research is needed”可知，It suggests that…中的it应该指一个研究，根据代词指代原则，该空应该提到一个调查研究。故D选项正确（一个美国的调查对饮食模式提供了最新的证据）。
38. 根据下一句中的“said a doctor in the United States”可知，医生们对于调查研究的结果也表示认同，故该空应选A选项（医生们也注意到了这一点）。
39. 前文提到：如果你早上给一个健康的人吃一顿大餐，血糖可能会偏高一到两个小时再恢复正常。空前一句提出另外一种情况：你晚上给同一个健康的人吃同样的大餐。那么，该空应该介绍这个人在晚上吃了大餐之后的血糖情况。且根据下文提到的“糖尿病”可以推知，该空应该提到“血糖高”这种情况。故B选项正确。
40. 上文提到：虽然该建议是好的，但这条建议可能很难遵循。如今，家庭生活和社交聚会通常在一天结束时进行。由此推知，现在的人们晚上少吃几乎是不可能的。故E选项正确（对我们大多数人来说，很难把晚餐作为一天中吃的最少的一餐）。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，共30分）
【答案】41-45 BCDAB 46-50 BDABC 51-55 DACBD 56-60 CCBAD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于青少年大脑的新发现，这一发现可以用来解释青少年一些行为的成因。
41. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一个噩梦。A. prince王子；B. nightmare噩梦；C. fool傻瓜；D. joke笑话。根据下文的“I was rude to my parents, always stayed out late, never did my homework”可知作者对父母态度不好，在外面玩到半夜，从不交作业，故此处用“噩梦”符合语境，故选B项。
42. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对父母很粗鲁，经常在外面呆到很晚，从不做家庭作业，和不好的人在外面瞎混，做出很多糟糕的决定。A. real真的；B. wise明智的；C. bad糟糕的；D. good好的。根据前文的“hung out with the wrong people”可知此处用“糟糕的决定”符合语境，bad和wrong是同义词复现，故选C项。
43. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很明显，这是一个青少年控制不住自己和行为举止糟糕的年龄。A. dress给某人穿；B. talk谈话；C. react反应；D. behave行为，举止。结合上文内容可知，前面讲述的都是作者的行为，且下文的“that ___48___ behavior”也有暗示，behave和behavior是同义词复现，故选D项。
44. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你现在是一个青少年，你会认为这是不公平的评价，或者这不是你的错。A. unfair不公平的；B. practical实际的；C. fun有趣的；D. reasonable合理的。根据下文的“it’s not your fault”可知此处用“不公平的评价”符合语境，故选A项。
45. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可能是对的。A. dull无聊的；B. right正确的；C. wrong错误的；D. precise准确的。根据第二段和第三段的分析得知青少年的行为举止和大脑发育有关系，故用此处用“你可能是对的”符合语境，故选B项。
46. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：专家们已经发现青少年的大脑要对这种情况负责。A. praise表扬；B. blame负责，责备；C. wake醒来；D. call打电话。结合句意可知，此处考查短语be to blame“负责”，故选B项。
47. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：大约从13到19岁大脑控制行为的区域仍然在发展。A. appropriately合适地；B. alternatively或者；C. frequently频繁地；D. approximately大约。结合句意可知，此处是大概的数据，故选D项。
48. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. control控制；B. use使用；C. express表达；D. play玩耍。结合句意可知，此处是指控制行为的大脑区域，故选A项。
49. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对学习、多任务处理、压力、记忆、睡眠、爱好和做决定有影响。A. touch触摸；B. impact影响；C. role角色；D. advantage优势。结合上下文可知，此处是指这些区域会影响青少年的很多方面，故选B项。
50. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：据Sarah教授说，这是一个非常新的发现。A. way方法；B. invention发明；C. discovery发现；D. job工作。根据上文的“Experts have found that it’s a teenager’s brain that is to ___46___.”可知此处用“发现”符合语境，故选C项。
51. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我读大学时，书本上说大脑的迅速发育发生在生命的头几年，在童年中期过后就没有多大改变了。A. exploration探索；B. experiment实验；C. progress进步；D. development发展。根据前文的“Between the ages of ___47___ 13 to 19 the brain is still developing in areas”可知此处用“发展”符合语境，develop是原词复现，故选D项。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. changes改变；B. stays待，保持；C. remains保持；D. leaves离开。结合上下文可知，此处是指人的大脑在童年中期后就不会有多大改变了，故选A项。
53. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个教条完全错了。A. true真的；B. unknown不知道的；C. false 错的；D. satisfying满意的。根据下文的“So our brains are still developing much later than was originally thought.”可知以前的说法是错误的，故选C项。
54. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这真的是青少年在外闲逛，不按时完成家庭作业的最佳借口吗？A. get over克服；B. hang around闲逛；C. look around环视；D. take off脱下。根据上文的“hung out with the wrong people”可知此处用“闲逛”符合语境，hang out是原词复现，故选B项。
55. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这涉及到很多高水平的认知任务，例如决策和计划。A. interests兴趣；B. results结果；C. drawbacks缺点；D. tasks任务。根据下文的“for the cognitive task of planning my homework”可知此处用“任务”符合语境，task是原词复现，故选D项。
56. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于一个青少年来说，这还没有发展。A. adult成人；B. scientist科学家；C. teenager青少年；D. baby婴儿。根据下文的“This region is undergoing large amounts of development during the adolescent years.”可知此处用“青少年”符合语境，teenager和adolescent是同义词复现，故选C项。
57. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，非常有组织计划地来完成家庭作业是有挑战的。A. exhausting令人劳累的；B. simple简单的；C. challenging挑战的；D. late迟的。根据前文的“this hasn’t developed yet.”推测青少年有组织计划地完成作业是有挑战的，故选C项。
58. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望早点知道这些关于大脑的研究发现，因为就不用编造借口告诉老师作业留在了公车上或者被狗吃掉了。A. boss老板；B. teacher老师；C. trainer教练；D. colleague同事。根据“my homework”可判断此处用“老师”符合语境，故选B项。
59. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. eaten吃；B. seen看见；C. passed传递；D. recognized认出。结合句意可知，此处是指编谎话说家庭作业被狗吃了，故选A项。
60. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对不起，老师。我的大脑还没有发育到足以让我能够完成安排家庭作业的认知任务。A. knowledge知识；B. body身体；C. identity身份；D. brain大脑。全文讲的就是大脑的发育在青少年时期还在进行，没有完成，故选D项。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
【答案】
61. the
62. annually
63. as
64. to rid
65. were given
66. where
67. comfortable
68. attending
69. preference
70. visitors
【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了圣彼得堡冬宫博物馆的猫。
61. 考查冠词。句意：圣彼得堡冬宫博物馆是继法国卢浮宫之后世界第二大艺术博物馆，每年都有数以百万计的游客参观。“the+序数词”表示“第几”。故填the。
62. 考查副词。句意：圣彼得堡冬宫博物馆是继法国卢浮宫之后世界第二大艺术博物馆，每年都有数以百万计的游客参观。annually为副词修饰动词visit。故填annually。
63. 考查固定短语。句意：冬宫不仅收藏艺术珍品，而且还有活物收藏的历史。as well“也，和”为固定短语，置于句末。故填as。
64. 考查动词不定式。句意：伊丽莎白女王让人把猫带进宫殿，来消灭几座宫殿里的老鼠。分析句子可知，本句为动词不定式作目的状语。故填to rid。
65. 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：这些猫干得很好，它们被安置在大楼的地下室里，并被授予冬宫奇猫的称号。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，主语为“cats”与谓语“give”为被动关系。故填were given。
66. 考查关系副词。句意：74只冬宫猫生活在博物馆里，它们现在过着极其舒适的生活。分析句子可知，“museum”为先行词，在后面的定语从句中，作地点状语，所以关系词为where。故填where。
67. 考查形容词。句意：74只冬宫猫生活在博物馆里，它们现在过着极其舒适的生活。comfortable为形容词修饰名词life。故填comfortable。
68. 考查现在分词。句意：负责这些猫的是一位新闻秘书，以及三位全职的看护人员负责照顾它们的一切需要。分析句子可知，本句为with的复合结构，在句中作状语，“three full-time caretakers”与“attend”在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词attending。故填attending。
69. 考查名词。句意：甚至还有厨房为猫咪们准备食物，因为每一只猫都有它自己的喜好。own为形容词修饰名词preference，故填preference。
70. 考查名词复数。句意：这一切看起来似乎都有些夸张，但俄罗斯人和外国游客都喜欢在欣赏一些世界上最伟大的艺术作品的同时，欣赏冬宫猫。分析句意可知，本句在说俄罗斯人和外国游客，所以应填visitor。又因为visitor为可数名词，在本句中指很多的游客，所以用复数visitors。故填visitors。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
【答案】
1. with→in
2. read→reading
3. and→but
4. character→characters
5. firstly→first
6. we→they
7.去掉read前的to
8. a→the
9. just前面加上is
10. what→how
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文。Maria给她的朋友Gabriela推荐了一本英文书籍《傲慢与偏见》。
第一处：考查介词。句意：感谢你上次的来信，我很高兴你对读英文书感兴趣。根据句意可知，in后加某种语言，译成“用……语言”，而with表示“用……工具（具体有形的工具）”，故将with改成in。
第二处：考查非谓语动词。句意：我刚读完《傲慢与偏见》。根据句意可知，finish doing sth.意为“完成某事”，finish后不能加动词原形，故将read改成reading。
第三处：考查并列连词。句意：这个故事很老套，但很好。根据句意可知，两个分句前后是并列句，是转折关系而非并列关系，故将and改成but。
第四处：考查名词的数。句意：在一开始，主人公们留下了一个很坏的第一印象，他们互相憎恨。分析句子结构可知，“they”指代前文的“主角们”，所以main character应是复数形式，从谓语动词“have”也可以推出character是复数形式，故将character改成characters。
第五处：考查形容词。句意：在一开始，在一开始，主人公们留下了一个很坏的第一印象，他们互相憎恨。分析句子结构可知，“impression”是名词，应用形容词修饰，故将firstly改成first。
第六处：考查代词。句意：然而，过了一段时间后，他们彼此更加了解了。根据句意可知，文章介绍的书中内容都是第三人称，而非第一人称，故将we改成they。
第七处：考查固定搭配。句意：好吧，我让你读这本书来找出答案！根据句意可知，let sb. do是固定搭配，意为“让某人做”，故去掉read前的to。
第八处：考查冠词。句意：我相信你会喜欢这个角色的，伊丽莎白·班纳特。根据语境可知，character在此处是特指，故将a改成the。
第九处：考查系动词。句意：她和你一样！结合句意可知，be like是固定用法，意为“像……”，再根据语境可知，此处用一般现在时，故在just前面加上is。
第十处：考查宾语从句连词。句意：尽快回信，告诉我你过得怎么样。what在从句中做主语或者宾语，而how做连接副词在句中做方式状语，译成“怎样”，故将what改成how。
第二节 提纲类作文（共25分）
【答案】
Dear Tom,
I’m glad to know you are interested in Chinese culture, and I’m writing to invite you to take part in the Chinese traditional culture club activities of our school.
The Chinese traditional culture club has just been established, which is aimed to encourage the students to know more Chinese traditional culture and to broaden the students’ horizons by learning and researching. Since the day it was set up, many interesting and meaningful activities have been held, like Chinese poems, calligraphy, Chinese traditional festival, Chinese tea art and so on. All the activities are held at weekends or on holidays.
It will be a great pleasure if you could come and have fun with us. I’m sure we will have a wonderful time together. If you’d like to participate, please let us know at your earliest convenience.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】本书面表达是一篇书信类作文。写作提要为假定你是李华，你校刚刚成立一个中国传统文化社团。你的英国朋友 Tom 在青岛大学留学，他对中国文化很感兴趣。请你给他写一封信，邀请他来参加活动。内容包括：1. 该社团成立的目的；2. 该社团的活动内容和时间；3. 邀请他方便时来参加活动。我们所要做的就是用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来。本作文中给出的要点比较简略，故需要自由发挥的地方较多。需要注意不要偏离文章中心。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，一定要契合整个文章,不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
本文内容齐全，结构严谨，层次分明，布局合理，语言精练，同时运用高级句子。定语从句的使用：The Chinese traditional culture club has just been established, which is aimed to encourage the students to know more Chinese traditional culture and to broaden the students’ horizons by learning and researching.；被动语态的使用：All the activities are held at weekends or on holidays.；条件状语从句：It will be a great pleasure if you could come and have fun with us. 等
英 语 （一）
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Have you ever been into a cave? If not, please follow us and explore some of the most beautiful caves from around the world!
Marble Caves
Located in the center of Lake General Carrera, the Marble Caves in Chico, Chile, are only accessible by boat. The surrounding crystal clear waters allow visitors to see the rock formations beneath them while the rock ceilings above change color (depending on the water levels and the season). The best time to visit: during sunrise and sunset, when the sun’s rays light up the cave walls, making it an experience to remember.
Reed Flute Cave
Reed F1ute Cave known as “the Palace of Natural Arts” is located in the northwest of Guilin in southern China. The limestone cave offers a grand fairyland of stalactites(钟乳石), stone pillars, stone curtains, birds, plants and animals in fantastic shapes and colors.
Fingal’s Cave
This incredible sea cave is located on the uninhabited island of Staffa in Scotland. The cave’s size, shape, and naturally arched(拱形的) roof combine with the waves to create strange sounds that enhance its cathedral-like atmosphere.
The Blue Grotto
The Blue Grotto is the symbol of Capri. It is a sea cave found on the coast of the island and is a well-known spot to all who visit the area. This cave is unique for its brilliant blue light which comes from two sources: the entrance to the cave and a bigger hole beneath the entrance. When viewed from inside the cave, the entrance appears as a brilliant white light just above the waterline, while the underwater hole, which is the larger source of light, provides a blue light.
21. Why is sunset the best time to visit Marble Caves?
A. Because it has enough light in it.
B. Because it has the most beautiful scenery.
C. Because it is surrounded by clear waters.
D. Because boats are only available at sunset.
22. Which cave will you go to if you want to enjoy the strange sound?
A. Reed F1ute Cave. B. Marble Caves.
C. The Blue Grotto. D. Fingal’s Cave.
23. What is special about the Blue Grotto?
A. C1ear waters. B. Various birds and animals.
C. Bright blue light. D. Strange shapes.
B
NEW HAVEN, Connecticut—A surprise awaited students in Yale who showed up for Professor Laurie Santos’s class. They got slips of paper that said, “No class today.” There was only one rule for the students ‘unexpected free time’—They were not allowed to study, but to relax. Since exams and papers were coming up, everyone was tired and stressed. At this moment they were touched. With around applause, nine students hugged Santos, and two burst into tears.
Yet, cancelling class was not just a break. It was also a challenge, as she was asking them to stop worrying about their grades, even if it was just an hour. One student went to the Yale University Art Gallery for the first time in her four years at Yale. A group of students went to a recording studio and played a new song. More people were outside, and more were smiling. That’s why about 1,200 students were taking Santos’s class, called “Psychology and the Good Life,” the largest class in Yale’s 317-year history. Even non-Yale students had the chance to take Santos’s class. It was offered as an online course and she immediately became an Internet hit.
Skyler Robinson, one of her students, was at a loss for a while about what to do during his break, and then decided to take a nap. “It was a great nap,” he commented. Santos designed the class after she realized that her students kept busy through long days that seemed far more depressing and joyless than her own college years. “They feel they’re in this crazy rat race. They’re working so hard that they can’t take a single hour off. That’s awful.”
The ideas behind the class are simple. Santos said, “It is the hope that science can help students find peace among all the stresses and difficulties they face at college.” The lessons include showing more gratitude, performing acts of kindness and increasing social connections. The students really wanted to learn to lead a happy life in a science-driven way. Santos also noted the psychological happening of “mis-wanting”, which led people to work towards the wrong goals in life.
One week, Santo asked students to exercise. Another week, she wanted them to get more sleep. They worked hard to keep some new habits. Social science research led to many new understandings of how people find happiness. She thinks her class can change Yale, or rather, not just Yale.
24. How did students respond to the cancelling class?
A. They expressed their concern.
B. They were at a loss what to do.
C. They showed gratitude to the teacher.
D. They were eager to study individually.
25. How can we know Santo’s class was popular?
A. From the attendance in her class.
B. From the subject she taught.
C. From the long history of Yale.
D. From the release of the online course.
26. What can students learn from Santos’s class?
A. To develop good study habits.
B. To let exercise become their routine.
C. To better understand how to find happiness.
D. To do something joyful during the stressful time.
27. What can we infer from the text?
A. Santos had a more stressful time in her college.
B. Students would be in rat race after Santos’s class.
C. Santos’s influence can reach a wider range of people.
D. Santos is going to cancel more classes for better effects.
C
If a family member blames you for something you have done, it is important to be careful about how you defend yourself. It is not a good idea to use ways that cause hurt, even if they would help you make a valid point. If you can think of an instance where the other person has done exactly what they accuse you of, for example, it would not be good manners to throw it in their face. You should only bring it up if you don’t have a choice. Then, you should make sure that you do it respectfully.
Even if a family member intentionally goes against reasonable wishes you may have, you should understand that people see even the most fundamental things in very different ways. Remember that people are different. If you consider any noise after midnight to be intolerable, for example, others may see it is completely acceptable. It can take them a great deal of time to change their behavior for a demand that they do not understand.
Think about the family conflicts that you are worried about now. Check to see if your parents had similar problems. People who grow up with parents who fight unfairly often repeat the same behavior. Consider changing the unfair habits that you grew up with.
Understand that memories tend to change. In long-standing family disputes, all parties involved tend to have completely different recollections of the original problem.
Families are a curious concept—while family members often feel nothing but annoyed for one another, they will also often be there for them if they should ever be in serious trouble. When you feel resentment for someone, think about how far you would go for them if they happened to be in trouble. It could help soften you. Think about how you care for the other person.
28. Which of the following does the author agree with according to the first paragraph?
A. To fight back to defend yourself.
B. To target the problem, not the person.
C. To deal with a man as he deals with you.
D. To hurt each other when angry.
29. What does the underlined word “resentment” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Curiosity. B. Kindness. C. Concern. D. Anger.
30. Which of the following statements may the author approve of?
A. Family members share the same memories over family disputes.
B. Parents should set a good example in a family.
C. It’s easy for people to agree on different ideas.
D. You can defend yourself by throwing facts back.
31. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Think about how you care for other persons.
B. Learn to concern about family members.
C. How to deal with family conflicts wisely.
D. Learn to accept each other in a family.
D
Even for a first-time visitor to China, it is impossible to ignore the popularity of Quick-Response (QR) codes. These square-shaped black-and-white symbols in WeChat or Alipay where QR codes are scanned to add new friends or make payments.
The QR Code system originated in Japan. The engineer Masahiro Hara felt the limitation of the one-dimension barcode in use and thus developed the QR codes which could carry data horizontally and vertically. QR codes could hold much more information than barcode due to their extra dimension. In addition, QR codes have larger data capacity, smaller print-out size and higher resistance to dirt and damage, which make them widely applied in many other applications.
Though the technology of QR codes is complicated, we can easily create our own QR codes with the help of QR code generators, many of which are available online for free. Users could enter the data they wish the QR code to display, and the generator turns it into a symbol that can be printed or displayed in electronic form. The process of creating QR codes could be really fun when we customise the design of the codes according to our specific needs. For instance, we can adjust the color, add a logo, and create social options etc. Moreover, dynamic(动态的) QR codes are also available. They are more various than standard QR codes because they allow users to edit data entered previously whereas data in standard QR codes cannot be edited once printed. Plus, don’t limit your QR code to one mobile scanner. Anyone can scan your code with any reader. A lower barrier to entry makes success more likely for you and the user.
Meanwhile, we must also recognize the vulnerability of QR codes. Due to its easy access, criminals can steal simply by replacing the QR codes with their own, routing cash into their own bank accounts. Hence, we should all become more conscious towards virtual money transactions through QR codes and participate in additional security measures.
32. Which of the following is NOT a function of QR codes?
A. Data storage.
B. Scanning reader.
C. Social networking.
D. Mobile payment.
33. Why is barcode mentioned in paragraph 2?
A. To introduce the main topic.
B. To show the author’s attitude.
C. To highlight the features of QR codes.
D. To add some background knowledge.
34. Which of the following best explains “vulnerability” underlined in paragraph 4?
A. Threat. B. Weakness.
C. Difficulty. D. Simplicity.
35. Which is true about QR codes according to the text?
A. They were first used in China.
B. The generators charge the users a lot.
C. Data editing is possible in printed QR codes.
D. More scanning devices are available in reading QR codes.
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Most of us grab a cup of coffee and a quick bite in the morning and eat more as the day goes on. 36. However, more and more studies on health suggest we may be doing it all backward.
37. It suggests that we should start our day with a big breakfast and follow it with a smaller lunch and a light supper. More research is needed, but a series of experiments in animals and humans have pointed in the same direction: 38. “I always tell people not to eat close to bedtime,” said a doctor in the United States. “Try to eat earlier in the day.”
Having the largest meal in the morning appears to have advantages for weight control compared with having a large meal in the evening, said one of the researchers. Our body uses in-sulin(胰岛素) to process the sugars in foods, she explained. The action of the hormone(激素) appears to be at its peak performance early in the day. “If you give a healthy individual a big meal in the morning, the blood glucose(葡萄糖) might stay high one or two hours before coming back to normal,” Dr. Kahleova added. “Now, you give the same big meal to the same healthy individual at night. 39. ” Doctors call this “evening diabetes(糖尿病).”
Dr. Kahleova said that the message is simple. It’s just like the old proverb: “Eat breakfast like a king，lunch like a prince and dinner like a beggar.” Good as it is, this piece of advice may be hard to follow. Nowadays, family life and social get-togethers often sit down to a big meal at the end of the day. 40.
A. Doctors have already taken note.
B. The blood glucose will stay high up to three hours.
C. The largest meal of the day usually comes in the evening.
D. A U. S. survey of the diet patterns provides the latest evidence.
E. For most of us，it is hard to make dinner our lightest meal of the day.
F. Not surprisingly，those who loved snacks tended to gain weight over time.
G. They suggested that rethinking when and how much we eat may have benefits.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，共30分）
What were you like as a teenager? I was a 41 . I was rude to my parents, always stayed out late, never did my homework, hung out with the wrong people and made many 42 decisions. Apparently, this is the age when teenagers are out of control and 43 badly. If you’re a teenager now, you think this is 44 criticism or it’s not your fault. Well, you might be 45 !
Experts have found that it’s a teenager’s brain that is to 46 . Between the ages of 47 13 to 19 the brain is still developing in areas that 48 behaviour. This has an/a 49 on learning and multitasking, stress and memory, sleep, addiction, and decision-making. This is quite a new 50 , according to Professor Sarah, ‘‘when I was at university, the dogma(教条) in the text books was that the vast brain 51 goes on in the first few years of life and nothing much 52 after mid-childhood. That dogma is completely 53 .’’
So our brains are still developing much later than was originally thought. Is this the perfect excuse for teenagers to 54 and not get their homework done on time? It’s something to do with our prefrontal cortex(前额皮层). It’s involved in many high-level cognitive(认知的) 55 such as decision making and planning. This region is undergoing large amounts of development during the adolescent years. For an/a 56 , this hasn’t developed yet. So getting organized to do their homework, for example, can be a bit 57 .
I wish I’d known about this because instead of telling my 58 I’d left my homework on the bus or that the dog had 59 it. Now I could say, ‘‘Sorry sir, my 60 isn’t developed enough for the cognitive task of planning my homework’’.
41. A. prince B. nightmare C. fool D. joke
42. A. real B. wise C. bad D. good
43. A. dress B. talk C. react D. behave
44. A. unfair B. practical C. fun D. reasonable
45. A. dull B. right C. wrong D. precise
46. A. praise B. blame C. wake D. call
47. A. appropriately B. alternatively C. frequently D. approximately
48. A. control B. use C. express D. play
49. A. touch B. impact C. role D. advantage
50. A. way B. invention C. discovery D. job
51. A. exploration B. experiment C. progress D. development
52. A. changes B. stays C. remains D. leaves
53. A. true B. unknown C. false D. satisfying
54. A. get over B. hang around C. look around D. take off
55. A. interests B. results C. drawbacks D. tasks
56. A. adult B. scientist C. teenager D. baby
57. A. exhausting B. simple C. challenging D. late
58. A. boss B. teacher C. trainer D. colleague
59. A. eaten B. seen C. passed D. recognized
60. A. knowledge B. body C. identity D. brain
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The State Hermitage Museum(冬宫博物馆) in St. Petersburg, is 61. second-largest art museum in the world after the Louvre, France, both of which are visited by millions of people 62. (annual). Hermitage holds not only artistic treasures but also a collection of living history 63. well.
The Hermitage was built as part of the royal Russian family’s Winter Palace. Empress Elizabeth had cats brought in 64. (rid) the several palace buildings of mice. The cats did their job well and 65. (give) homes in the basements of the buildings and the title of Hermitage cats.
The 74 Hermitage cats live at the museum 66. they now lead an extremely 67. (comfort) life. A press secretary is in charge of the cats, with three full-time caretakers 68. (attend) to their every need. There are even kitchens for preparing meals for the cats because every cat has its own 69. (prefer). This may all seem over the top, but Russian and foreign 70. (visit) alike love seeing the Hermitage cats while admiring some of the world’s greatest artistic treasures.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Gabriela,
Thanks for your last letter and I’m glad that you’re interested in reading books with English. I’ve just finished read Pride and Prejudice.
The story is very old-fashioned, and it’s very good. It’s a very interesting story. In the beginning the main character have a very bad firstly impression and they hate each other. However, after a short time, we know each other better. Well, I’ll let you to read the book to find that out!
The language is not difficult to make out. I’m sure you will like a character, Elizabeth Bennet. She just like you! Anyway, I hope you’ll enjoy the book. Write back soon and tell me what you get on.
Maria
第二节 提纲类作文（共25分）
假定你是李华，你校刚刚成立一个中国传统文化社团。你的英国朋友 Tom 在青岛大学留学，他对中国文化很感兴趣。请你给他写一封信，邀请他来参加活动。
内容包括:
1. 该社团成立的目的；
2. 该社团的活动内容和时间；
3. 邀请他方便时来参加活动。
注意:
1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________英 语 （一）答 案
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
A
【答案】21-23 ADC
【解析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了世界上最美丽的几个洞穴。
21. 细节理解题。由“Marble Caves”中的“The best time to visit: during sunrise and sunset, when the sun’s rays light up the cave walls, making it an experience to remember.”可知，游览的最佳时间：日出和日落时，太阳的光线照亮洞穴的墙壁，使之成为一次难忘的体验。即那时洞的光线充足。故A选项正确。
22. 细节理解题。由“Fingal’s Cave”中的“The cave’s size, shape, and naturally arched(拱形的) roof combine with the waves to create strange sounds that enhance its cathedral-like atmosphere.”可知，这个洞穴的大小、形状和自然的拱形屋顶与波浪相结合，创造出奇怪的声音，增加了如同大教堂般氛围的吸引力。所以如果你喜欢奇怪的声音，你可以去Fingal’s Cave。故D选项正确。
23. 细节理解题。由“The Blue Grotto”中的“This cave is unique for its brilliant blue light which comes from two sources: the entrance to the cave and a bigger hole beneath the entrance.”可知，这个洞穴是独一无二之处是洞里有蓝光，明亮的蓝光来自两个源头：洞穴的入口和入口下面的一个更大的洞。所以Blue Grotto的特别之处在于它的明亮的蓝光。故C选项正确。
B
【答案】24-27 CACC
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章论述Santos的课为什么受学生们欢迎。学生能从Santos的课中学到更好地理解如何找到幸福。Santos的影响力可以影响更广泛的人群。
24. 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“With around applause, nine students hugged Santos, and two burst into tears.”可知，学生们对取消课程表现出非常地感激。故选C。
25. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“That’s why about 1,200 students were taking Santos’s class, called ‘Psychology and the Good Life,’ the largest class in Yale’s 317-year history.”可知，我们从她课堂上的出勤率知道Santo的课很受欢迎。故选A。
26. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Social science research led to many new understandings of how people find happiness.”可知，学生能从Santos的课中更好地理解如何找到幸福。故选C。
27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“She thinks her class can change Yale, or rather, not just Yale.”可知，Santos的影响力可以影响更广泛的人群。故选C。
C
【答案】28-31 BDBC
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍如何明智地解决家庭冲突?
28. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“If you can think of an instance where the other person has done exactly what they accuse you of, for example, it would not be good manners to throw it in their face.” 比如说，如果家庭成员指责你不应该这样做，而你却回想到他/她以前也这么做过，这时候讲出这件事打他们的脸是不礼貌的做法。可以推断出，我们要就事论事，不针对个人。故选B。
29. 词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段“while family members often feel nothing but annoyed for one another, they will also often be there for them if they should ever be in serious trouble.”中的“annoyed”提示，和后句“think about how far you would go for them if they happened to be in trouble. It could help soften you.”请想一想：如果他/她陷入麻烦，你会怎么做？这会让你缓和对他/她的态度，从而可以猜测出resentment是贬义词，为“怨恨”之意。结合选项，故选D。
30. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“People who grow up with parents who fight unfairly often repeat the same behavior.” 可知，如果父母总是争吵，在这种情况下成长的人往往也会重复同样的行为。从而可以推断，父母应该在家庭中树立一个好榜样。故选B。
31. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“If a family member blames you for something you have done, it is important to be careful about how you defend yourself.”和全文内容可知，文章主要介绍如何明智地解决家庭冲突?故选C。
D
【答案】32-35 BCBD
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了二维码的优点和缺点。
32. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“These square-shaped black-and-white symbols in WeChat or Alipay where QR codes are scanned to add new friends or make payments.”和第二段中的“In addition, QR codes have larger data capacity, smaller print-out size and higher resistance to dirt and damage,”可知，A/C/D项是二维码的功能，B项不是。故选B。
33. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“QR codes could hold much more information than barcode due to their extra dimension.”由于二维码的额外尺寸，它可以比条形码包含更多的信息。可知，在第二段提到条形码是为了突出二维码的特点。故选C。
34. 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“Due to its easy access, criminals can steal simply by replacing the QR codes with their own, routing cash into their own bank accounts.”由于二维码方便获取，犯罪分子只需用自己的二维码替换受害人的二维码，将现金转入自己的银行账户就可以进行盗窃。可知这一段是在讲二维码的缺点。由此推知划线词的意思是“缺点”。故选B。
35. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“don’t limit your QR code to one mobile scanner. Anyone can scan your code with any reader. A lower barrier to entry makes success more likely for you and the user.”不要让你的二维码仅支持手机扫描，而是让任何人用任何读取器都能进行识别。更少的进入障碍对你和客户来说更可能是双赢。可知，更多扫描设备可以读取二维码。故选D。
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
【答案】36-40 CDABE
【解析】这是一篇说明文。我们大多数人往往早餐吃的最少，午餐晚餐会逐渐增加。而研究发现，我们或许应该反向行之：早餐吃得最多最好，午餐次之，晚餐最少。
36. 上一句提出：我们大多数人早上喝一杯咖啡，吃点东西，并随着时间的推移越吃越多。承接该句，C选项切题（一天中最大的一餐通常在晚上）。该段最后一句和前文正好构成转折关系，我们应该反向行之。
37. 根据下文中的“More research is needed”可知，It suggests that…中的it应该指一个研究，根据代词指代原则，该空应该提到一个调查研究。故D选项正确（一个美国的调查对饮食模式提供了最新的证据）。
38. 根据下一句中的“said a doctor in the United States”可知，医生们对于调查研究的结果也表示认同，故该空应选A选项（医生们也注意到了这一点）。
39. 前文提到：如果你早上给一个健康的人吃一顿大餐，血糖可能会偏高一到两个小时再恢复正常。空前一句提出另外一种情况：你晚上给同一个健康的人吃同样的大餐。那么，该空应该介绍这个人在晚上吃了大餐之后的血糖情况。且根据下文提到的“糖尿病”可以推知，该空应该提到“血糖高”这种情况。故B选项正确。
40. 上文提到：虽然该建议是好的，但这条建议可能很难遵循。如今，家庭生活和社交聚会通常在一天结束时进行。由此推知，现在的人们晚上少吃几乎是不可能的。故E选项正确（对我们大多数人来说，很难把晚餐作为一天中吃的最少的一餐）。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，共30分）
【答案】41-45 BCDAB 46-50 BDABC 51-55 DACBD 56-60 CCBAD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于青少年大脑的新发现，这一发现可以用来解释青少年一些行为的成因。
41. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一个噩梦。A. prince王子；B. nightmare噩梦；C. fool傻瓜；D. joke笑话。根据下文的“I was rude to my parents, always stayed out late, never did my homework”可知作者对父母态度不好，在外面玩到半夜，从不交作业，故此处用“噩梦”符合语境，故选B项。
42. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对父母很粗鲁，经常在外面呆到很晚，从不做家庭作业，和不好的人在外面瞎混，做出很多糟糕的决定。A. real真的；B. wise明智的；C. bad糟糕的；D. good好的。根据前文的“hung out with the wrong people”可知此处用“糟糕的决定”符合语境，bad和wrong是同义词复现，故选C项。
43. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很明显，这是一个青少年控制不住自己和行为举止糟糕的年龄。A. dress给某人穿；B. talk谈话；C. react反应；D. behave行为，举止。结合上文内容可知，前面讲述的都是作者的行为，且下文的“that ___48___ behavior”也有暗示，behave和behavior是同义词复现，故选D项。
44. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你现在是一个青少年，你会认为这是不公平的评价，或者这不是你的错。A. unfair不公平的；B. practical实际的；C. fun有趣的；D. reasonable合理的。根据下文的“it’s not your fault”可知此处用“不公平的评价”符合语境，故选A项。
45. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可能是对的。A. dull无聊的；B. right正确的；C. wrong错误的；D. precise准确的。根据第二段和第三段的分析得知青少年的行为举止和大脑发育有关系，故用此处用“你可能是对的”符合语境，故选B项。
46. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：专家们已经发现青少年的大脑要对这种情况负责。A. praise表扬；B. blame负责，责备；C. wake醒来；D. call打电话。结合句意可知，此处考查短语be to blame“负责”，故选B项。
47. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：大约从13到19岁大脑控制行为的区域仍然在发展。A. appropriately合适地；B. alternatively或者；C. frequently频繁地；D. approximately大约。结合句意可知，此处是大概的数据，故选D项。
48. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. control控制；B. use使用；C. express表达；D. play玩耍。结合句意可知，此处是指控制行为的大脑区域，故选A项。
49. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对学习、多任务处理、压力、记忆、睡眠、爱好和做决定有影响。A. touch触摸；B. impact影响；C. role角色；D. advantage优势。结合上下文可知，此处是指这些区域会影响青少年的很多方面，故选B项。
50. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：据Sarah教授说，这是一个非常新的发现。A. way方法；B. invention发明；C. discovery发现；D. job工作。根据上文的“Experts have found that it’s a teenager’s brain that is to ___46___.”可知此处用“发现”符合语境，故选C项。
51. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我读大学时，书本上说大脑的迅速发育发生在生命的头几年，在童年中期过后就没有多大改变了。A. exploration探索；B. experiment实验；C. progress进步；D. development发展。根据前文的“Between the ages of ___47___ 13 to 19 the brain is still developing in areas”可知此处用“发展”符合语境，develop是原词复现，故选D项。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. changes改变；B. stays待，保持；C. remains保持；D. leaves离开。结合上下文可知，此处是指人的大脑在童年中期后就不会有多大改变了，故选A项。
53. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个教条完全错了。A. true真的；B. unknown不知道的；C. false 错的；D. satisfying满意的。根据下文的“So our brains are still developing much later than was originally thought.”可知以前的说法是错误的，故选C项。
54. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这真的是青少年在外闲逛，不按时完成家庭作业的最佳借口吗？A. get over克服；B. hang around闲逛；C. look around环视；D. take off脱下。根据上文的“hung out with the wrong people”可知此处用“闲逛”符合语境，hang out是原词复现，故选B项。
55. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这涉及到很多高水平的认知任务，例如决策和计划。A. interests兴趣；B. results结果；C. drawbacks缺点；D. tasks任务。根据下文的“for the cognitive task of planning my homework”可知此处用“任务”符合语境，task是原词复现，故选D项。
56. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于一个青少年来说，这还没有发展。A. adult成人；B. scientist科学家；C. teenager青少年；D. baby婴儿。根据下文的“This region is undergoing large amounts of development during the adolescent years.”可知此处用“青少年”符合语境，teenager和adolescent是同义词复现，故选C项。
57. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，非常有组织计划地来完成家庭作业是有挑战的。A. exhausting令人劳累的；B. simple简单的；C. challenging挑战的；D. late迟的。根据前文的“this hasn’t developed yet.”推测青少年有组织计划地完成作业是有挑战的，故选C项。
58. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望早点知道这些关于大脑的研究发现，因为就不用编造借口告诉老师作业留在了公车上或者被狗吃掉了。A. boss老板；B. teacher老师；C. trainer教练；D. colleague同事。根据“my homework”可判断此处用“老师”符合语境，故选B项。
59. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. eaten吃；B. seen看见；C. passed传递；D. recognized认出。结合句意可知，此处是指编谎话说家庭作业被狗吃了，故选A项。
60. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对不起，老师。我的大脑还没有发育到足以让我能够完成安排家庭作业的认知任务。A. knowledge知识；B. body身体；C. identity身份；D. brain大脑。全文讲的就是大脑的发育在青少年时期还在进行，没有完成，故选D项。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
【答案】
61. the
62. annually
63. as
64. to rid
65. were given
66. where
67. comfortable
68. attending
69. preference
70. visitors
【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了圣彼得堡冬宫博物馆的猫。
61. 考查冠词。句意：圣彼得堡冬宫博物馆是继法国卢浮宫之后世界第二大艺术博物馆，每年都有数以百万计的游客参观。“the+序数词”表示“第几”。故填the。
62. 考查副词。句意：圣彼得堡冬宫博物馆是继法国卢浮宫之后世界第二大艺术博物馆，每年都有数以百万计的游客参观。annually为副词修饰动词visit。故填annually。
63. 考查固定短语。句意：冬宫不仅收藏艺术珍品，而且还有活物收藏的历史。as well“也，和”为固定短语，置于句末。故填as。
64. 考查动词不定式。句意：伊丽莎白女王让人把猫带进宫殿，来消灭几座宫殿里的老鼠。分析句子可知，本句为动词不定式作目的状语。故填to rid。
65. 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：这些猫干得很好，它们被安置在大楼的地下室里，并被授予冬宫奇猫的称号。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，主语为“cats”与谓语“give”为被动关系。故填were given。
66. 考查关系副词。句意：74只冬宫猫生活在博物馆里，它们现在过着极其舒适的生活。分析句子可知，“museum”为先行词，在后面的定语从句中，作地点状语，所以关系词为where。故填where。
67. 考查形容词。句意：74只冬宫猫生活在博物馆里，它们现在过着极其舒适的生活。comfortable为形容词修饰名词life。故填comfortable。
68. 考查现在分词。句意：负责这些猫的是一位新闻秘书，以及三位全职的看护人员负责照顾它们的一切需要。分析句子可知，本句为with的复合结构，在句中作状语，“three full-time caretakers”与“attend”在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词attending。故填attending。
69. 考查名词。句意：甚至还有厨房为猫咪们准备食物，因为每一只猫都有它自己的喜好。own为形容词修饰名词preference，故填preference。
70. 考查名词复数。句意：这一切看起来似乎都有些夸张，但俄罗斯人和外国游客都喜欢在欣赏一些世界上最伟大的艺术作品的同时，欣赏冬宫猫。分析句意可知，本句在说俄罗斯人和外国游客，所以应填visitor。又因为visitor为可数名词，在本句中指很多的游客，所以用复数visitors。故填visitors。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
【答案】
1. with→in
2. read→reading
3. and→but
4. character→characters
5. firstly→first
6. we→they
7.去掉read前的to
8. a→the
9. just前面加上is
10. what→how
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文。Maria给她的朋友Gabriela推荐了一本英文书籍《傲慢与偏见》。
第一处：考查介词。句意：感谢你上次的来信，我很高兴你对读英文书感兴趣。根据句意可知，in后加某种语言，译成“用……语言”，而with表示“用……工具（具体有形的工具）”，故将with改成in。
第二处：考查非谓语动词。句意：我刚读完《傲慢与偏见》。根据句意可知，finish doing sth.意为“完成某事”，finish后不能加动词原形，故将read改成reading。
第三处：考查并列连词。句意：这个故事很老套，但很好。根据句意可知，两个分句前后是并列句，是转折关系而非并列关系，故将and改成but。
第四处：考查名词的数。句意：在一开始，主人公们留下了一个很坏的第一印象，他们互相憎恨。分析句子结构可知，“they”指代前文的“主角们”，所以main character应是复数形式，从谓语动词“have”也可以推出character是复数形式，故将character改成characters。
第五处：考查形容词。句意：在一开始，在一开始，主人公们留下了一个很坏的第一印象，他们互相憎恨。分析句子结构可知，“impression”是名词，应用形容词修饰，故将firstly改成first。
第六处：考查代词。句意：然而，过了一段时间后，他们彼此更加了解了。根据句意可知，文章介绍的书中内容都是第三人称，而非第一人称，故将we改成they。
第七处：考查固定搭配。句意：好吧，我让你读这本书来找出答案！根据句意可知，let sb. do是固定搭配，意为“让某人做”，故去掉read前的to。
第八处：考查冠词。句意：我相信你会喜欢这个角色的，伊丽莎白·班纳特。根据语境可知，character在此处是特指，故将a改成the。
第九处：考查系动词。句意：她和你一样！结合句意可知，be like是固定用法，意为“像……”，再根据语境可知，此处用一般现在时，故在just前面加上is。
第十处：考查宾语从句连词。句意：尽快回信，告诉我你过得怎么样。what在从句中做主语或者宾语，而how做连接副词在句中做方式状语，译成“怎样”，故将what改成how。
第二节 提纲类作文（共25分）
【答案】
Dear Tom,
I’m glad to know you are interested in Chinese culture, and I’m writing to invite you to take part in the Chinese traditional culture club activities of our school.
The Chinese traditional culture club has just been established, which is aimed to encourage the students to know more Chinese traditional culture and to broaden the students’ horizons by learning and researching. Since the day it was set up, many interesting and meaningful activities have been held, like Chinese poems, calligraphy, Chinese traditional festival, Chinese tea art and so on. All the activities are held at weekends or on holidays.
It will be a great pleasure if you could come and have fun with us. I’m sure we will have a wonderful time together. If you’d like to participate, please let us know at your earliest convenience.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】本书面表达是一篇书信类作文。写作提要为假定你是李华，你校刚刚成立一个中国传统文化社团。你的英国朋友 Tom 在青岛大学留学，他对中国文化很感兴趣。请你给他写一封信，邀请他来参加活动。内容包括：1. 该社团成立的目的；2. 该社团的活动内容和时间；3. 邀请他方便时来参加活动。我们所要做的就是用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来。本作文中给出的要点比较简略，故需要自由发挥的地方较多。需要注意不要偏离文章中心。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，一定要契合整个文章,不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
本文内容齐全，结构严谨，层次分明，布局合理，语言精练，同时运用高级句子。定语从句的使用：The Chinese traditional culture club has just been established, which is aimed to encourage the students to know more Chinese traditional culture and to broaden the students’ horizons by learning and researching.；被动语态的使用：All the activities are held at weekends or on holidays.；条件状语从句：It will be a great pleasure if you could come and have fun with us. 等
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