还剩12页未读，
继续阅读
上海市普陀区2019-2020学年第二学期高三英语质量调研英语 试卷
展开
考生注意：
普陀区 2019 学年第二学期高三英语质量调研英语试卷
1. 考试时间 120 分钟，试卷满分 140 分。
2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上, 在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
I. Listening Comprehension Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. At a cafeteria. B. At a car rental agency. C. In a bank. D. In a driving school.
2. A. She lives a healthy life now. B. She has a habit of drinking green tea.
C. She is too careful about her diet. D. She is used to taking regular exercise.
3. A. Selling cucumbers. B. Picking tomatoes.
C. Cooking a meal. D. Planting vegetables.
4. A. The woman has no chance to get the job. B. The woman will definitely be hired.
C. The competition will be fierce. D. Others won’t stand in the queue.
5. A. She expected to have a better show. B. She could hardly find her seat.
C. She wasn’t interested in the show. D. She didn’t get a favorable seat.
6. A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Shocked. D. Sympathetic.
7. A. He should sleep in a comfortable bed.
B. Pre-bedtime video gaming ruins his sleep.
C. Shooting video before bedtime causes sleep loss.
D. Both the bed and the game are to blame for reduced sleep time.
8. A. Direct him to another terminal. B. Pick up the suitcase for him.
C. Arrange the next flight for him. D. Provide him with accommodations.
9. A. One hour. B. Two hours. C. Three hours. D. Four hours.
10. A. Take his skateboard to the repair shop. B. Leave his skateboard outside.
C. Clean the garage after the rain stops. D. Check if the garage is dry.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. When he was 20. B. When the iPhone was launched.
C. When his parents divorced. D. When he was in high school.
12. A. To support his family. B. To maintain financial health.
C. To apply his knowledge. D. To be popular by word-of-mouth.
13. A. He continually pursues his dream on wheels.
B. His goal is to win Entrepreneur of the Year Award.
C. His business initiative has earned him public recognition.
D. He is responsible for the technological side of the business.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. How the month of birth is related to life expectancy.
B. How the seasonal pattern affects the health of new-born babies.
C. How nutrition in different seasons influences life expectancy.
D. Why people born in autumn are free from chronic illness.
15. A. Austria. B. Denmark. C. Switzerland. D. Australia.
16. A. It has an impact on food values.
B. It determines a person’s life expectancy.
C. It continues despite the improved nutrition.
D. It changes in regard to modern lifestyle.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. Their final exam. B. Their graduation ceremony.
C. Their travel plan. D. Their research project.
18. A. It will save them money. B. It will be far more exciting.
C. It helps them find part-time jobs. D. It is much safer and relaxing.
19. A. He does not have too much money. B. It’s cool during the summer holiday.
C. There are lots of fun places to visit. D. He is good at painting.
20. A. Stay at home. B. Turn to his parents for advice.
C. Take some part-time jobs. D. Ask someone else to pay for the trip.
II. Grammar and vocabulary Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Messages from the Deep
You might consider writing a note, putting it in a bottle, and throwing it into the ocean. People
(21) (do) that for centuries, for these and all kinds of reasons. Some messages have made remarkable journeys in bottles through the ages, like the current titleholder for the world’s oldest seafaring note. This one was dropped from a German ship into the Indian Ocean in June 1886, only
(22) (discover) in 2018 by a woman walking with a friend on a remote beach in Western Australia.
When the note dried, the woman discovered that the message contained the day when it was written, the exact place (23) which it was sent, and who wrote it. (24) it turns out, the bottle was dropped by the captain of a German ship who was investigating ocean and trade routes. He wanted to see where the bottle would end up, so the note asked (25) was reading it to contact the nearest German officials.
Amazingly, researchers were able to identify the note (26) they found the captain’s original journal from 1886. One of the entries mentioned a drift bottle (27) (throw) overboard on the very same date, from the exact same site as detailed in the note, and even the handwriting matched!
But the captain wasn’t the first person interested in finding out where a bottled message might end up. In fact, the first known message in a bottle (28) (launch) with the same intention. Around 310 BCE, the Greek philosopher Theophrastus dropped several sealed bottles into the Aegean Sea, (29) (hope) to prove that the Mediterranean Sea was connected to the Atlantic Ocean. But (30) is uncertain whether the bottles he dropped ever made their way to the Atlantic.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. advanced B. automatically C. bay D. boost E. contained F. exposed
G. interacted H. randomly I. reaction J. sprayed K. spread
Change Behavior to Prevent Infection
During flu season, frequent hand-washing is a must, as is avoiding co-workers or friends who are sick. But we humans are not the only animals that change behavior to keep diseases at 31 , and so do ants.
Nathalie of the University of Lausanne and her colleagues observed ants to see their 32 to the presence of a pathogen（病原体）. “With the nurses staying inside and taking care of the young, the worker ants are all outside of the nest to collect food and defend the territory.” Worker ants are at greater risk of getting 33 to diseases because they leave the safety of the nest. So the
researchers 34 a common fungus ( 真 菌 ) on a small group of worker ants and then followed their movements to see the way other ants reacted. “We marked all ants in the colony with individual labels, which is 35 detected and recorded using a tracking system.”
After the infection, the nurse and worker ants stayed within their small group and 36 less outside of their work group. The researchers also saw that worker ants spent more time outside of the nest. “They increase that amount by 15 percent so by quite a long large amount.” The researchers measured the amount of fungus on each ant and saw that it was almost completely 37 to the worker group. Some nurse ants and the Queen only had trace amounts of fungus’ spores ( 孢 子 ) on them. The study indicated that the group behavior effectively stopped the 38 of the fungus. Something that’s quite interesting in these ants is that the very small amount of the spores can
39 their natural defenses and protect them against later exposure to the same pathogen.
It seems that in their ability to avoid infecting other members of the community, ants may be more 40 than we are.
III. Reading Comprehension Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Growing Adoption of Green Cleaning
When we clean the bathroom, we’ve got all kinds of stuff to help us out: a cleaning solution that removes dirty marks from the shower walls and something in a squeeze bottle that makes the
toilet sparkling clean. When all is done, the room is neat and clean, 41 dirt and
bacteria. There’s just one problem—the 42 _ we used to clean can be harmful to people and the environment. For this reason, many people say that traditional cleaners should be 43 and replaced with less harmful “green” products.
The problem 44 the fact that some cleaning products contain harsh chemicals that just aren’t healthy for humans, animals, or the planet. Think of the 45 coming from a factory and getting into the air. The smoke creates air pollution, which harms the environment and makes us feel ill when we breathe it in. 46 , the chemicals in cleaning products pollute the air and can hurt us when we breathe them in or when they get on our skin. However, not all cleaning products are harmful. Green products, which do not contain harsh chemicals, are said to be good 47 because they are effective at cleaning and are safe for people and for the planet.
48 about chemicals has led many states to require schools and government buildings to use environmentally friendly cleaning products instead of products containing poisonous chemicals. Last year, 10 states required the use of green products and at least 5 other states were considering 49 in support of these products. A proposed bill would apply to bathroom and floor cleaners, hand soap, toilet paper, paper towels, and etc.
Many green cleaning products are widely available at prices 50 traditional products. In some cases, manufacturers receive green certifications for products they have long had on the market, and the prices of these products remain low. But not everyone shares the view about the
51 of green products. Toilet paper, trash bags and paper towel made from recycled materials can cost up to 20% more than traditional products, said Stephen, director of the Green Cleaning Network.
So, 52 of the proposed legislation are concerned about the potentially higher costs for some green products. These critics say that states should not determine which products 53 institutes and agencies must buy, especially if they increase costs, since many universities are
already struggling financially. Some states have made compromises ( 妥 协 ) to help 54 _ concerns about costs. In Wisconsin, a recent adjustment to the bill would give schools and agencies three years instead of one to begin using green products. It would also 55 them to quit if they could show that their costs would increase.
41. A. far from
B. free of
C. none but
D. filled with
42. A. brushes
B. cloth
C. solutions
D. paper
43. A. recycled
B. renewed
C. reserved
D. rejected
44. A. accounts for
B. results in
C. stems from
D. turns out
45. A. smoke
B. drains
C. products
D. spray
46. A. Nevertheless
B. Similarly
C. Obviously
D. Meanwhile
47. A. alternatives
B. maintenance
C. production
D. resolutions
48. A. Complaint
B. Concern
C. Investigation
D. Knowledge
49. A. campaign
B. debate
C. legislation
D. vote
50. A. higher than
B. cheaper than
C. similar to
D. based on
51. A. affordability
B. availability
C. feasibility
D. practicality
52. A. supporters
B. directors
C. lawyers
D. opponents
53. A. academic
B. industrial
C. medical
D. financial
54. A. evaluate
B. emphasize
C. voice
D. address
55. A. advise
B. encourage
C. allow
D. sponsor
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Feel the Music
We’ve all heard of smart phones, but how about smart clothing? The CuteCircuit company has stepped up the technology beat and invented the SoundShirt, which was designed specifically for people who are deaf or hard of hearing. How does this incredible shirt work?
First, let’s talk about a little science. People who have either all or some hearing loss don’t actually listen to music the way that hearing people do, but they can feel it. Sound is made up of vibrations, called sound waves, which hearing people can hear through their ears with the help of the brain. What’s really cool is that deaf people sense vibrations in the part of the brain that others use for hearing!
So how is this remarkable technology able to function? First, CuteCircuit had to figure out a way to send signals to the body, kind of like how you can feel when your phone vibrates in silent mode. Those connections the body can feel are called haptics, a use of technology that simulates the senses of touch and motion. The SoundShirt has tiny sensors woven into the shirt to pick up sound and transfer signals to the brain and body.
To test this music-to-shirt-to-wearer’s brain connection, CuteCircuit set microphones around the stage of a symphony orchestra. The shirt’s computer system digitally received the sounds coming
from the instruments. Then the sensors, working like little motors, changed the signals into vibrations and the shirt wearer’s brain did the rest.
The SoundShirt lets people who are deaf or hard of hearing enjoy music in a unique way. The very deep musical sound, or pitch, of instruments like drums and basses vibrates in the lower part of the shirt. Higher pitched sounds from instruments like the flute or violin vibrate higher, around the neck and arms. As the music plays, the sensations combine while the brain gets to work putting together all the different vibrations, allowing the wearer to “hear” the concert.
You might think this innovation would look like something out of a science fiction movie, but in fact, these shirts are wireless! And the decorative laser-lined design on the shirt looks like an image of sound waves.
Technology’s purpose is to help people and make life better. Think of all the amazing things designers, engineers, and producers of wearable tech will be able to do for humankind.
56. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. Wearable technology like the SoundShirt is the wave of the future.
B. CuteCircut tested the SoundShirt with a symphony orchestra.
C. The SoundShirt lets people who are deaf or hard of hearing enjoy music.
D. Deep musical sounds from drums vibrate in the lower part of the SoundShirt.
57. Which of the following statements is an opinion?
A. Tiny sensors in the SoundShirt change sound signals into vibrations.
B. Those who have hearing loss are able to sense sound vibrations.
C. Deep musical sounds vibrate in the lower part of the SoundShirt.
D. It’s amazing that the SoundShirt is made without any wires.
58. What can be inferred about the SoundShirt described in the passage?
A. Before the SoundShirt, deaf people had no way of feeling sound.
B. The SoundShirt doesn’t work without the power of the human brain.
C. The SoundShirt works when the wearer is listening to a symphony orchestra.
D. CuteCircuit is giving away its SoundShirts to those deaf or hard of hearing.
59. The author probably wrote this passage to .
A. advise that companies should focus on applying wearable technology
B. advocate that technology can be used to create products that help others
C. prove that the design of wearable technology is a rewarding industry in future
D. exemplify that musical instruments can be used to change technology for the better
(B)
WE COMBAT ANIMAL DISEASES TOGETHER!
We want to prevent serious animal diseases such as foot and mouth disease, classical swine fever and African swine fever from spreading to Finland. These and other animal diseases can be transmitted from one country to another by animals or by meat and dairy products even if they are packed for personal consumption or intended as gifts. Travelers like you play an important role in preventing the spread of animal diseases.
Don’t bring meat, meat products, milk and dairy products from non-EU countries to Finland!
A ban on personal imports applies to meat and dairy products brought into Finland by travelers or ordered and sent through the post. The ban applies to food stuffs intended for personal consumption or as gifts and to pet food. If you have food products of animal origin with you, throw them in a waste container in the point of entry or contact Customs!
Bringing meat-containing products as presents and for personal use from an EU country to Finland
At the moment, there are EU countries with cases of African swine fever. In those countries there are restriction areas and, as a rule, pork and wild bear meat or products containing these meats may not be imported from these areas into Finland. Import is allowed only under very strict criteria controlled by local authorities. However, the sales of these meat products within the country may be allowed. In the EU, the disease has been detected in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Belgium and Italy (Sardinia), for instance. It is difficult for travelers to know and prove from which area meat products originate and whether the products on sale meet all criteria. This is the reason why we recommend that people avoid importing any meat products containing pork or wild bear meat as presents or for personal use from countries with African swine fever.
PLEASE NOTE! Never leave any food waste or leftover in the environment or places where they may be eaten by wildlife. Never give food waste or leftover to production animals or to pet pigs.
Thank you for helping us to prevent the spread of animal diseases. We wish you a pleasant journey!
60. Whom is this notice intended for?
A. Food importers in Finland. B. Travelers to Finland.
C. Citizens in EU countries. D. Medical staff from non-EU countries.
61. Why does the Finnish Food Authority issue the notice?
A. To protect endangered wildlife. B. To secure the domestic economy.
C. To promote vegetarian lifestyle. D. To prevent the infectious diseases.
62. Which of the following behaviors is IMPROPER, according to the notice?
A. A Russian official threw a beef burger in a dustbin at the Finnish airport.
B. A Finnish girl fed milk to pigeon at the park in her neighborhood.
C. A Japanese traveler bought some Hungarian homemade sausages in Finland.
D. A German brought German cheeses to his Finnish girlfriend as a gift.
(C)
The sun shows its face every day, but an amazing new telescope is giving us a whole different view of it. And guess what? Our familiar friend in the sky has some impressive features! Seen from the earth without a fancy telescope, the sun resembles a pale disc, sort of like a big sugar cookie shining in the sky. However, in detailed photos and video captured by the new telescope, the sun’s surface looks lumpy（块状的）and bumpy.
The incredible instrument responsible for these eye-popping images is the Daniel K. Inouye
Solar Telescope (DKIST), the most powerful solar telescope in the world. A project of the National Science Foundation (NSF), the telescope is named after a U.S. politician who represented the state of Hawaii, which is home to the high-tech, high-resolution wonder.
The DKIST is at the summit of Haleakalā on the island of Maui, which is…a volcano! While that might sound like a risky place for a $344-million observatory to perch, the volcano is extinct. What’s more, the combination of high elevation, low air disturbance, and deep blue skies make it an ideal location to study the sun. Modern astronomers（天文学家）aren’t the first to recognize that Haleakalā has a special connection to the sun—ancient Hawaiians were way ahead of them. The summit of Haleakalā is admired by native Hawaiians, who gave the place its name, which means “House of the Sun.”
Now, after being under construction for about ten years, the DKIST is sunbathing in this storeyed spot. When the telescope’s first videos and photos were posted, they blew up on social media like a superstar, but the NSF has much bigger goals than going viral. The astronomers want to study the surface of the sun to better predict solar weather.
Why on earth would people want a weather forecast for a place that’s more than 145 million kilometers away? Because events on the surface of the sun can end up affecting us right here at home. Solar weather can disable satellite systems and GPS tracking systems and even cause blackouts, in which large areas temporarily lose electricity. In 2017, solar flares（耀斑）disabled radio communications as three hurricanes were bearing down on the Caribbean. As you can imagine, that was a huge blow to emergency response efforts.
By studying the images the DKIST captures, scientists hope to learn how to predict solar weather events in time for people to take precautions and prevent disasters. In the meantime, we can all enjoy getting an eye-opening new view of the sun!
63. The underlined word “perch” in paragraph 3 most probably means .
A. to be on something high B. to take photos or videos
C. to tear something apart D. to be used to help understand
64. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The sun looks like a big sugar cookie in the DKIST’s image.
B. The NSF is responsible for astronomy education in Hawaii.
C. High air turbulence is one of the conditions of the solar research.
D. The native Hawaiians have a long history of appreciating the sun.
65. In paragraph 5, the case in the Caribbean is mentioned to .
A. explain why we have to get best photos of the sun
B. suggest how natural disasters are caused by the sun
C. show how solar weather harms communications on the earth
D. illustrate why weather forecast is so important for disaster prevention
66. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A. A New View of the Sun B. An Amazing New Telescope
C. Weather Forecast for the Sun D. The Best Location for Sun Research
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. Kids know when your praise is sincere and when it’s not.
B. Still, don’t go too far in the other direction.
C. But in fact, it may be just the opposite.
D. Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity.
E. Children develop a sense of competence by seeing the consequences of their actions, not by being told about the consequences of their actions.
F. But whatever it is, praise should be given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate to the amount of effort your child put into it.
Praising Kids
Parents praise their kids whenever they do anything that seems to be something remarkable. Jenn Berman, PhD, a family therapist says, “We’ve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be stricter.” Parents have come to believe that by giving kids heaping portions of praise, they improve their self-esteem and confidence. 67 Too much praise can backfire, it seems, and, when given in a way that’s insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parent’s praise has put them.
68 Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. Kids will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and, as a result, may see no point in stretching themselves for their accomplishments.
So what is the right amount of praise? 69 If praise is sincere and genuine and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal,” says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear, “One thing to remember is that it’s the process not the end product that matters.”
Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team, Donahue says. But if he’s out there every day, shooting baskets, running drills, and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses because it’s above and beyond the norm. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when he has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or complete a history assignment, Donahue adds. 70
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
First Offer: Take It or Keep Waiting
Anyone who has searched for a job fresh out of college knows how difficult it is to get that first job. And if you’re very lucky, eventually there’s a job offer on the table. Should you grasp it, or wait for something better to come along the way?
It depends on whether you are a “maximizer” or a “satisficer”. Simply put, satisficers are more likely to cut their job search short and take the first job offer. Maximizers are more likely to continue searching until a better job offer comes along. Which type of approach yields the better payoff? A maximizer. Specifically, quoting the results of a study of the job search of 548 members of a school, the maximizers put themselves through more difficulties in the job hunt. They applied to twenty jobs, on average, while satisficers applied to only ten, and they were significantly more likely to make use of outside sources of information and support. But it turned out to be worth it: the job offers they got were significantly better, in terms of salary, than what the satisficers got.
Satisficers were offered jobs with an average starting salary of $37, 085; the average starting salary offered to maximizers was $44, 515, more than 20 percent higher. The trouble is, however, that higher pay doesn’t make maximizers a happier group than satisficers. In fact, maximizers were significantly more likely than satisficers to be unhappy with the offers they accepted.
Evidently, being a maximizer can help you earn more income, but that income doesn’t buy more happiness, as the maximizer’s likely to worry about the prospect of a better job offer out there he or she missed. Maximizers may have objectively superior outcomes, but they’re so busy obsessing about all the things that they could have had, so they tend to be less happy with the outcomes they do get.
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 随着季节的变化，公园里的乐趣也在变化。(so)
73. 一旦得出调查结论，就会尽快让公众知晓。(Once)
74. 长期以来，大米在中国人的饮食中占据很重要的地位，以至于有“巧妇难为无米之炊”的谚语。(saying)
75. 在疫情(epidemic)面前，我国政府表现出坚定的决心，采取了及时有效的措施，令世人敬佩。
(face)
VI. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
近日，这张小女孩在父母卖熟食的案板（the deli counter） 下认真上网课的照片引发热议，校刊因此特辟专栏请同学们发表感想。请对照你当时在家上课的情况谈谈你的感受，你的投稿必须包括：
1. 描述图片中小女孩上课的场景；
2. 比较你上网课的环境和状态；
3. 简单谈谈你的感受。
听力文稿
普陀区 2019 学年第二学期高三英语质量调研
听力部分现在开始：
I. Listening Comprehension Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each
conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. M: Morning. I have a reservation. The name is Richard Smith.
W: OK. We’ve got a nice Ford ready. I’ll need to see your driver’s license and your credit card. Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?
2. W: What? Helen is drinking green tea?
M: You cannot believe it. Now, she’s careful about what she eats and takes regular exercise. Q: What does the man imply about Helen?
3. M: Are you going to put the seeds of tomatoes into the soil, too? W: I think there is plenty of space to the right of the cucumbers. Q: What are the speakers most probably doing?
4. W: I’ll take an interview for a part-time librarian tomorrow.
M: Don’t worry. Others stand no chance, if you take the interview. Q: What does the man mean?
5. M: Wasn’t the show any good?
W: The show was good, but I could hardly see the stage from my seat. Q: What does the woman mean?
6. W: I’ve declined their offer to exhibit some of my paintings in this gallery.
M: Are you kidding? Any art student I know would die to have an exhibition here. Q: How does the man feel on hearing the woman’s decision?
7. M: I couldn’t sleep at all last night. The bed is not comfortable. W: Don’t blame the bed. No more video games before bedtime. Q: What does the woman imply?
8. W: I’m terribly sorry, but your flight has been canceled.
M: What? In that case, I hope you will put me up somewhere tonight. Q: What does the man expect the woman to do for him?
9. M: If we hurry, we can take the express train rather than the local train and save an hour.
W: Great! The express train takes only three hours to get to Madrid. Q: How long does it take the local train to get to Madrid?
10. W: Look, it’s going to pour. You’d better put your skateboard in the garage. M: Why bother? It’s been through a lot worse and it still works fine.
Q: What will the man most probably do?
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
Vincent, a 20-year-old student in California, has used his knowledge of the iPhone to create his own business. He launched his business TechWorld while in high school. He told the journalist, “My mom became single a couple of years ago and I had to grow up. And in order to keep my lifestyle, I had to find different ways to stay financially safe to keep my phone, my car, transportation and all that stuff. So I had to find ways to start my own business.”
Though helped by an organization, Vincent admits that he had a hard time developing a business plan. But once Vincent knew what he wanted to go with, it was really easy and extremely fun. His business has grown through word-of-mouth. Now Vincent fixes up to 10 phones per week and earns about $1,500 each month in sales.
One of his customers said, “I actually heard so much about this kid, how he won Entrepreneur of the Year. So I want him to fix my phone.”
Wheeler is one of the other employees of TechWorld and he works on the technical side of the business. He said, “Vincent is such an amazing kid, and you always see his wheels turning with ideas every day.”
Vincent says he wants to continue to grow his business, and his biggest goal has always been to work for himself.
Please listen again. Questions:
11. When did Vincent start his business TechWorld?
12. Why did Vincent set up his business?
13. According to the speaker, what can we learn about Vincent?
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
(Pause 2 seconds)
People born in autumn live longer than those born in spring and are less likely to fall chronically ill when they are older, according to some Austrian scientists. Using data for more than one million people in Austria, Denmark, Switzerland and Australia, scientists found the month of birth was related to life expectancy over the age of 50.
Seasonal differences in what mothers are during pregnancy, and infections occurring at different
times of the year could both have impact on the health of a new-born baby and influence its life expectancy in older age. “A mother giving birth in spring spends the last stage of her pregnancy in winter, when she will eat less vitamins than in summer,” said one of the scientists. “When she stops breast-feeding and starts giving her baby normal food, it’s in the hot weeks of summer when babies tend to get infections of the digestive system.” In Austria, adults born in autumn lived about seven months longer than those born in spring, and in Demark adults with birthdays in autumn outlived those born in spring by about four months. In the southern hemisphere, the picture is similar. Adults born in the Australian autumn lived about four months longer than those born in the Australian spring. The study focused on people born at the beginning of the 20th century, using death certificates.
Although nutrition at all times of the year has improved since then, the seasonal pattern persists.
Please listen again. Questions
14. What’s the passage mainly about?
15. According to the passage, in which country did adults born in autumn live about seven months longer than those born in spring?
16. What does the study indicate about the seasonal pattern?
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
W: Hi，Brown, it’s nice to see you here. The examination is over, and we won’t have to sit up late to learn all the academic stuff by heart and get prepared for the research project.
M: Yes. That’s true. And now we can look forward to the graduation trip. I’ve been thinking of going to Italy for some time.
W: Well, I think it would be much better for us to stay here in Asia than to Europe. To start with, it’s much nearer, and so it would be much cheaper to get around. That means you will have far more money to buy electronic products you like.
M: That may be true. But I still want to go to Italy. Just thinking about when you get there, there are so many different things to see, and places to go. Imagine you could go to Venice, Rome, Florence, oh, and Vatican! That’s really cool!
W: Exactly! Sistine Chapel! The painted ceiling by Michelangelo! I have been dreaming of going there ever since I read about it.
M: So, you are gonna change your mind, aren’t you?
W: No, I’m kind of still worried about the cost of taking a trip to Europe. That’s a lot of money. Meanwhile, if we have a short trip here in Asia, we can probably take up some part-time jobs. Then you can even earn some extra money to support your study in university.
M: Yeah, maybe you are right. I’ll think it over, and talk about it with my parents while I’m home.
After all, it is they who pay for it.
Please listen again. Questions
17. What are the two speakers talking about?
18. Why does the woman advise staying in Asia?
19. Why does the man want to spend some time in Italy?
20. What does the man decide to do at last?
听力测试到此结束，请继续答题。
参考答案
1-5 BADBD 6-10 CBDDB
11-13 DBC 14-16 AAC 17-20 CACB
21. have been doing / have done
22. to be discovered 23. from/ at 24. As 25. whoever
26. when/as/since/because/after
27. being thrown/ thrown/had been thrown/was thrown
28. was launched
29. hoping 30. it 31-35 CIFJB GEKDA
41-45 BCDCA BABCC ADADC
56-59 CDBB 60-62 BDB 63-66 ADCA
67-70 CBDF
IV. Summary Writing
Facing the first job offer, satisficers probably grasp it while maximizers will likely keep waiting for a better one. Having submitted more applications than the satisficer, maximizers are more likely to have better payoff. However, despite the higher salary, maximizers are more worried about the other working opportunities they missed, so they are less happy than satisficers. (57 words)
V. Translation
72. As the seasons change, so does the enjoyment/fun (to have) in the park.
73. Once the conclusion of the investigation is reached/ drawn, it will be known to the public/will be publicized as soon as possible.
74. For a long time, rice has occupied so important a position/ has played such an important role in the Chinese diet that there is even a saying that “one cannot make bricks without straw”
/ “even a clever housewife cannot cook a meal without rice”.
75. It is admirable/amazing that facing the epidemic/ faced with the epidemic our government has shown/demonstrated solid determination/decision and taken timely and effective measures
(to deal with epidemic).
考生注意：
普陀区 2019 学年第二学期高三英语质量调研英语试卷
1. 考试时间 120 分钟，试卷满分 140 分。
2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上, 在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
I. Listening Comprehension Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. At a cafeteria. B. At a car rental agency. C. In a bank. D. In a driving school.
2. A. She lives a healthy life now. B. She has a habit of drinking green tea.
C. She is too careful about her diet. D. She is used to taking regular exercise.
3. A. Selling cucumbers. B. Picking tomatoes.
C. Cooking a meal. D. Planting vegetables.
4. A. The woman has no chance to get the job. B. The woman will definitely be hired.
C. The competition will be fierce. D. Others won’t stand in the queue.
5. A. She expected to have a better show. B. She could hardly find her seat.
C. She wasn’t interested in the show. D. She didn’t get a favorable seat.
6. A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Shocked. D. Sympathetic.
7. A. He should sleep in a comfortable bed.
B. Pre-bedtime video gaming ruins his sleep.
C. Shooting video before bedtime causes sleep loss.
D. Both the bed and the game are to blame for reduced sleep time.
8. A. Direct him to another terminal. B. Pick up the suitcase for him.
C. Arrange the next flight for him. D. Provide him with accommodations.
9. A. One hour. B. Two hours. C. Three hours. D. Four hours.
10. A. Take his skateboard to the repair shop. B. Leave his skateboard outside.
C. Clean the garage after the rain stops. D. Check if the garage is dry.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. When he was 20. B. When the iPhone was launched.
C. When his parents divorced. D. When he was in high school.
12. A. To support his family. B. To maintain financial health.
C. To apply his knowledge. D. To be popular by word-of-mouth.
13. A. He continually pursues his dream on wheels.
B. His goal is to win Entrepreneur of the Year Award.
C. His business initiative has earned him public recognition.
D. He is responsible for the technological side of the business.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. How the month of birth is related to life expectancy.
B. How the seasonal pattern affects the health of new-born babies.
C. How nutrition in different seasons influences life expectancy.
D. Why people born in autumn are free from chronic illness.
15. A. Austria. B. Denmark. C. Switzerland. D. Australia.
16. A. It has an impact on food values.
B. It determines a person’s life expectancy.
C. It continues despite the improved nutrition.
D. It changes in regard to modern lifestyle.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. Their final exam. B. Their graduation ceremony.
C. Their travel plan. D. Their research project.
18. A. It will save them money. B. It will be far more exciting.
C. It helps them find part-time jobs. D. It is much safer and relaxing.
19. A. He does not have too much money. B. It’s cool during the summer holiday.
C. There are lots of fun places to visit. D. He is good at painting.
20. A. Stay at home. B. Turn to his parents for advice.
C. Take some part-time jobs. D. Ask someone else to pay for the trip.
II. Grammar and vocabulary Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Messages from the Deep
You might consider writing a note, putting it in a bottle, and throwing it into the ocean. People
(21) (do) that for centuries, for these and all kinds of reasons. Some messages have made remarkable journeys in bottles through the ages, like the current titleholder for the world’s oldest seafaring note. This one was dropped from a German ship into the Indian Ocean in June 1886, only
(22) (discover) in 2018 by a woman walking with a friend on a remote beach in Western Australia.
When the note dried, the woman discovered that the message contained the day when it was written, the exact place (23) which it was sent, and who wrote it. (24) it turns out, the bottle was dropped by the captain of a German ship who was investigating ocean and trade routes. He wanted to see where the bottle would end up, so the note asked (25) was reading it to contact the nearest German officials.
Amazingly, researchers were able to identify the note (26) they found the captain’s original journal from 1886. One of the entries mentioned a drift bottle (27) (throw) overboard on the very same date, from the exact same site as detailed in the note, and even the handwriting matched!
But the captain wasn’t the first person interested in finding out where a bottled message might end up. In fact, the first known message in a bottle (28) (launch) with the same intention. Around 310 BCE, the Greek philosopher Theophrastus dropped several sealed bottles into the Aegean Sea, (29) (hope) to prove that the Mediterranean Sea was connected to the Atlantic Ocean. But (30) is uncertain whether the bottles he dropped ever made their way to the Atlantic.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. advanced B. automatically C. bay D. boost E. contained F. exposed
G. interacted H. randomly I. reaction J. sprayed K. spread
Change Behavior to Prevent Infection
During flu season, frequent hand-washing is a must, as is avoiding co-workers or friends who are sick. But we humans are not the only animals that change behavior to keep diseases at 31 , and so do ants.
Nathalie of the University of Lausanne and her colleagues observed ants to see their 32 to the presence of a pathogen（病原体）. “With the nurses staying inside and taking care of the young, the worker ants are all outside of the nest to collect food and defend the territory.” Worker ants are at greater risk of getting 33 to diseases because they leave the safety of the nest. So the
researchers 34 a common fungus ( 真 菌 ) on a small group of worker ants and then followed their movements to see the way other ants reacted. “We marked all ants in the colony with individual labels, which is 35 detected and recorded using a tracking system.”
After the infection, the nurse and worker ants stayed within their small group and 36 less outside of their work group. The researchers also saw that worker ants spent more time outside of the nest. “They increase that amount by 15 percent so by quite a long large amount.” The researchers measured the amount of fungus on each ant and saw that it was almost completely 37 to the worker group. Some nurse ants and the Queen only had trace amounts of fungus’ spores ( 孢 子 ) on them. The study indicated that the group behavior effectively stopped the 38 of the fungus. Something that’s quite interesting in these ants is that the very small amount of the spores can
39 their natural defenses and protect them against later exposure to the same pathogen.
It seems that in their ability to avoid infecting other members of the community, ants may be more 40 than we are.
III. Reading Comprehension Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Growing Adoption of Green Cleaning
When we clean the bathroom, we’ve got all kinds of stuff to help us out: a cleaning solution that removes dirty marks from the shower walls and something in a squeeze bottle that makes the
toilet sparkling clean. When all is done, the room is neat and clean, 41 dirt and
bacteria. There’s just one problem—the 42 _ we used to clean can be harmful to people and the environment. For this reason, many people say that traditional cleaners should be 43 and replaced with less harmful “green” products.
The problem 44 the fact that some cleaning products contain harsh chemicals that just aren’t healthy for humans, animals, or the planet. Think of the 45 coming from a factory and getting into the air. The smoke creates air pollution, which harms the environment and makes us feel ill when we breathe it in. 46 , the chemicals in cleaning products pollute the air and can hurt us when we breathe them in or when they get on our skin. However, not all cleaning products are harmful. Green products, which do not contain harsh chemicals, are said to be good 47 because they are effective at cleaning and are safe for people and for the planet.
48 about chemicals has led many states to require schools and government buildings to use environmentally friendly cleaning products instead of products containing poisonous chemicals. Last year, 10 states required the use of green products and at least 5 other states were considering 49 in support of these products. A proposed bill would apply to bathroom and floor cleaners, hand soap, toilet paper, paper towels, and etc.
Many green cleaning products are widely available at prices 50 traditional products. In some cases, manufacturers receive green certifications for products they have long had on the market, and the prices of these products remain low. But not everyone shares the view about the
51 of green products. Toilet paper, trash bags and paper towel made from recycled materials can cost up to 20% more than traditional products, said Stephen, director of the Green Cleaning Network.
So, 52 of the proposed legislation are concerned about the potentially higher costs for some green products. These critics say that states should not determine which products 53 institutes and agencies must buy, especially if they increase costs, since many universities are
already struggling financially. Some states have made compromises ( 妥 协 ) to help 54 _ concerns about costs. In Wisconsin, a recent adjustment to the bill would give schools and agencies three years instead of one to begin using green products. It would also 55 them to quit if they could show that their costs would increase.
41. A. far from
B. free of
C. none but
D. filled with
42. A. brushes
B. cloth
C. solutions
D. paper
43. A. recycled
B. renewed
C. reserved
D. rejected
44. A. accounts for
B. results in
C. stems from
D. turns out
45. A. smoke
B. drains
C. products
D. spray
46. A. Nevertheless
B. Similarly
C. Obviously
D. Meanwhile
47. A. alternatives
B. maintenance
C. production
D. resolutions
48. A. Complaint
B. Concern
C. Investigation
D. Knowledge
49. A. campaign
B. debate
C. legislation
D. vote
50. A. higher than
B. cheaper than
C. similar to
D. based on
51. A. affordability
B. availability
C. feasibility
D. practicality
52. A. supporters
B. directors
C. lawyers
D. opponents
53. A. academic
B. industrial
C. medical
D. financial
54. A. evaluate
B. emphasize
C. voice
D. address
55. A. advise
B. encourage
C. allow
D. sponsor
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Feel the Music
We’ve all heard of smart phones, but how about smart clothing? The CuteCircuit company has stepped up the technology beat and invented the SoundShirt, which was designed specifically for people who are deaf or hard of hearing. How does this incredible shirt work?
First, let’s talk about a little science. People who have either all or some hearing loss don’t actually listen to music the way that hearing people do, but they can feel it. Sound is made up of vibrations, called sound waves, which hearing people can hear through their ears with the help of the brain. What’s really cool is that deaf people sense vibrations in the part of the brain that others use for hearing!
So how is this remarkable technology able to function? First, CuteCircuit had to figure out a way to send signals to the body, kind of like how you can feel when your phone vibrates in silent mode. Those connections the body can feel are called haptics, a use of technology that simulates the senses of touch and motion. The SoundShirt has tiny sensors woven into the shirt to pick up sound and transfer signals to the brain and body.
To test this music-to-shirt-to-wearer’s brain connection, CuteCircuit set microphones around the stage of a symphony orchestra. The shirt’s computer system digitally received the sounds coming
from the instruments. Then the sensors, working like little motors, changed the signals into vibrations and the shirt wearer’s brain did the rest.
The SoundShirt lets people who are deaf or hard of hearing enjoy music in a unique way. The very deep musical sound, or pitch, of instruments like drums and basses vibrates in the lower part of the shirt. Higher pitched sounds from instruments like the flute or violin vibrate higher, around the neck and arms. As the music plays, the sensations combine while the brain gets to work putting together all the different vibrations, allowing the wearer to “hear” the concert.
You might think this innovation would look like something out of a science fiction movie, but in fact, these shirts are wireless! And the decorative laser-lined design on the shirt looks like an image of sound waves.
Technology’s purpose is to help people and make life better. Think of all the amazing things designers, engineers, and producers of wearable tech will be able to do for humankind.
56. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. Wearable technology like the SoundShirt is the wave of the future.
B. CuteCircut tested the SoundShirt with a symphony orchestra.
C. The SoundShirt lets people who are deaf or hard of hearing enjoy music.
D. Deep musical sounds from drums vibrate in the lower part of the SoundShirt.
57. Which of the following statements is an opinion?
A. Tiny sensors in the SoundShirt change sound signals into vibrations.
B. Those who have hearing loss are able to sense sound vibrations.
C. Deep musical sounds vibrate in the lower part of the SoundShirt.
D. It’s amazing that the SoundShirt is made without any wires.
58. What can be inferred about the SoundShirt described in the passage?
A. Before the SoundShirt, deaf people had no way of feeling sound.
B. The SoundShirt doesn’t work without the power of the human brain.
C. The SoundShirt works when the wearer is listening to a symphony orchestra.
D. CuteCircuit is giving away its SoundShirts to those deaf or hard of hearing.
59. The author probably wrote this passage to .
A. advise that companies should focus on applying wearable technology
B. advocate that technology can be used to create products that help others
C. prove that the design of wearable technology is a rewarding industry in future
D. exemplify that musical instruments can be used to change technology for the better
(B)
WE COMBAT ANIMAL DISEASES TOGETHER!
We want to prevent serious animal diseases such as foot and mouth disease, classical swine fever and African swine fever from spreading to Finland. These and other animal diseases can be transmitted from one country to another by animals or by meat and dairy products even if they are packed for personal consumption or intended as gifts. Travelers like you play an important role in preventing the spread of animal diseases.
Don’t bring meat, meat products, milk and dairy products from non-EU countries to Finland!
A ban on personal imports applies to meat and dairy products brought into Finland by travelers or ordered and sent through the post. The ban applies to food stuffs intended for personal consumption or as gifts and to pet food. If you have food products of animal origin with you, throw them in a waste container in the point of entry or contact Customs!
Bringing meat-containing products as presents and for personal use from an EU country to Finland
At the moment, there are EU countries with cases of African swine fever. In those countries there are restriction areas and, as a rule, pork and wild bear meat or products containing these meats may not be imported from these areas into Finland. Import is allowed only under very strict criteria controlled by local authorities. However, the sales of these meat products within the country may be allowed. In the EU, the disease has been detected in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Belgium and Italy (Sardinia), for instance. It is difficult for travelers to know and prove from which area meat products originate and whether the products on sale meet all criteria. This is the reason why we recommend that people avoid importing any meat products containing pork or wild bear meat as presents or for personal use from countries with African swine fever.
PLEASE NOTE! Never leave any food waste or leftover in the environment or places where they may be eaten by wildlife. Never give food waste or leftover to production animals or to pet pigs.
Thank you for helping us to prevent the spread of animal diseases. We wish you a pleasant journey!
60. Whom is this notice intended for?
A. Food importers in Finland. B. Travelers to Finland.
C. Citizens in EU countries. D. Medical staff from non-EU countries.
61. Why does the Finnish Food Authority issue the notice?
A. To protect endangered wildlife. B. To secure the domestic economy.
C. To promote vegetarian lifestyle. D. To prevent the infectious diseases.
62. Which of the following behaviors is IMPROPER, according to the notice?
A. A Russian official threw a beef burger in a dustbin at the Finnish airport.
B. A Finnish girl fed milk to pigeon at the park in her neighborhood.
C. A Japanese traveler bought some Hungarian homemade sausages in Finland.
D. A German brought German cheeses to his Finnish girlfriend as a gift.
(C)
The sun shows its face every day, but an amazing new telescope is giving us a whole different view of it. And guess what? Our familiar friend in the sky has some impressive features! Seen from the earth without a fancy telescope, the sun resembles a pale disc, sort of like a big sugar cookie shining in the sky. However, in detailed photos and video captured by the new telescope, the sun’s surface looks lumpy（块状的）and bumpy.
The incredible instrument responsible for these eye-popping images is the Daniel K. Inouye
Solar Telescope (DKIST), the most powerful solar telescope in the world. A project of the National Science Foundation (NSF), the telescope is named after a U.S. politician who represented the state of Hawaii, which is home to the high-tech, high-resolution wonder.
The DKIST is at the summit of Haleakalā on the island of Maui, which is…a volcano! While that might sound like a risky place for a $344-million observatory to perch, the volcano is extinct. What’s more, the combination of high elevation, low air disturbance, and deep blue skies make it an ideal location to study the sun. Modern astronomers（天文学家）aren’t the first to recognize that Haleakalā has a special connection to the sun—ancient Hawaiians were way ahead of them. The summit of Haleakalā is admired by native Hawaiians, who gave the place its name, which means “House of the Sun.”
Now, after being under construction for about ten years, the DKIST is sunbathing in this storeyed spot. When the telescope’s first videos and photos were posted, they blew up on social media like a superstar, but the NSF has much bigger goals than going viral. The astronomers want to study the surface of the sun to better predict solar weather.
Why on earth would people want a weather forecast for a place that’s more than 145 million kilometers away? Because events on the surface of the sun can end up affecting us right here at home. Solar weather can disable satellite systems and GPS tracking systems and even cause blackouts, in which large areas temporarily lose electricity. In 2017, solar flares（耀斑）disabled radio communications as three hurricanes were bearing down on the Caribbean. As you can imagine, that was a huge blow to emergency response efforts.
By studying the images the DKIST captures, scientists hope to learn how to predict solar weather events in time for people to take precautions and prevent disasters. In the meantime, we can all enjoy getting an eye-opening new view of the sun!
63. The underlined word “perch” in paragraph 3 most probably means .
A. to be on something high B. to take photos or videos
C. to tear something apart D. to be used to help understand
64. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The sun looks like a big sugar cookie in the DKIST’s image.
B. The NSF is responsible for astronomy education in Hawaii.
C. High air turbulence is one of the conditions of the solar research.
D. The native Hawaiians have a long history of appreciating the sun.
65. In paragraph 5, the case in the Caribbean is mentioned to .
A. explain why we have to get best photos of the sun
B. suggest how natural disasters are caused by the sun
C. show how solar weather harms communications on the earth
D. illustrate why weather forecast is so important for disaster prevention
66. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A. A New View of the Sun B. An Amazing New Telescope
C. Weather Forecast for the Sun D. The Best Location for Sun Research
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. Kids know when your praise is sincere and when it’s not.
B. Still, don’t go too far in the other direction.
C. But in fact, it may be just the opposite.
D. Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity.
E. Children develop a sense of competence by seeing the consequences of their actions, not by being told about the consequences of their actions.
F. But whatever it is, praise should be given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate to the amount of effort your child put into it.
Praising Kids
Parents praise their kids whenever they do anything that seems to be something remarkable. Jenn Berman, PhD, a family therapist says, “We’ve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be stricter.” Parents have come to believe that by giving kids heaping portions of praise, they improve their self-esteem and confidence. 67 Too much praise can backfire, it seems, and, when given in a way that’s insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parent’s praise has put them.
68 Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. Kids will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and, as a result, may see no point in stretching themselves for their accomplishments.
So what is the right amount of praise? 69 If praise is sincere and genuine and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal,” says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear, “One thing to remember is that it’s the process not the end product that matters.”
Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team, Donahue says. But if he’s out there every day, shooting baskets, running drills, and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses because it’s above and beyond the norm. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when he has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or complete a history assignment, Donahue adds. 70
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
First Offer: Take It or Keep Waiting
Anyone who has searched for a job fresh out of college knows how difficult it is to get that first job. And if you’re very lucky, eventually there’s a job offer on the table. Should you grasp it, or wait for something better to come along the way?
It depends on whether you are a “maximizer” or a “satisficer”. Simply put, satisficers are more likely to cut their job search short and take the first job offer. Maximizers are more likely to continue searching until a better job offer comes along. Which type of approach yields the better payoff? A maximizer. Specifically, quoting the results of a study of the job search of 548 members of a school, the maximizers put themselves through more difficulties in the job hunt. They applied to twenty jobs, on average, while satisficers applied to only ten, and they were significantly more likely to make use of outside sources of information and support. But it turned out to be worth it: the job offers they got were significantly better, in terms of salary, than what the satisficers got.
Satisficers were offered jobs with an average starting salary of $37, 085; the average starting salary offered to maximizers was $44, 515, more than 20 percent higher. The trouble is, however, that higher pay doesn’t make maximizers a happier group than satisficers. In fact, maximizers were significantly more likely than satisficers to be unhappy with the offers they accepted.
Evidently, being a maximizer can help you earn more income, but that income doesn’t buy more happiness, as the maximizer’s likely to worry about the prospect of a better job offer out there he or she missed. Maximizers may have objectively superior outcomes, but they’re so busy obsessing about all the things that they could have had, so they tend to be less happy with the outcomes they do get.
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 随着季节的变化，公园里的乐趣也在变化。(so)
73. 一旦得出调查结论，就会尽快让公众知晓。(Once)
74. 长期以来，大米在中国人的饮食中占据很重要的地位，以至于有“巧妇难为无米之炊”的谚语。(saying)
75. 在疫情(epidemic)面前，我国政府表现出坚定的决心，采取了及时有效的措施，令世人敬佩。
(face)
VI. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
近日，这张小女孩在父母卖熟食的案板（the deli counter） 下认真上网课的照片引发热议，校刊因此特辟专栏请同学们发表感想。请对照你当时在家上课的情况谈谈你的感受，你的投稿必须包括：
1. 描述图片中小女孩上课的场景；
2. 比较你上网课的环境和状态；
3. 简单谈谈你的感受。
听力文稿
普陀区 2019 学年第二学期高三英语质量调研
听力部分现在开始：
I. Listening Comprehension Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each
conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. M: Morning. I have a reservation. The name is Richard Smith.
W: OK. We’ve got a nice Ford ready. I’ll need to see your driver’s license and your credit card. Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?
2. W: What? Helen is drinking green tea?
M: You cannot believe it. Now, she’s careful about what she eats and takes regular exercise. Q: What does the man imply about Helen?
3. M: Are you going to put the seeds of tomatoes into the soil, too? W: I think there is plenty of space to the right of the cucumbers. Q: What are the speakers most probably doing?
4. W: I’ll take an interview for a part-time librarian tomorrow.
M: Don’t worry. Others stand no chance, if you take the interview. Q: What does the man mean?
5. M: Wasn’t the show any good?
W: The show was good, but I could hardly see the stage from my seat. Q: What does the woman mean?
6. W: I’ve declined their offer to exhibit some of my paintings in this gallery.
M: Are you kidding? Any art student I know would die to have an exhibition here. Q: How does the man feel on hearing the woman’s decision?
7. M: I couldn’t sleep at all last night. The bed is not comfortable. W: Don’t blame the bed. No more video games before bedtime. Q: What does the woman imply?
8. W: I’m terribly sorry, but your flight has been canceled.
M: What? In that case, I hope you will put me up somewhere tonight. Q: What does the man expect the woman to do for him?
9. M: If we hurry, we can take the express train rather than the local train and save an hour.
W: Great! The express train takes only three hours to get to Madrid. Q: How long does it take the local train to get to Madrid?
10. W: Look, it’s going to pour. You’d better put your skateboard in the garage. M: Why bother? It’s been through a lot worse and it still works fine.
Q: What will the man most probably do?
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
Vincent, a 20-year-old student in California, has used his knowledge of the iPhone to create his own business. He launched his business TechWorld while in high school. He told the journalist, “My mom became single a couple of years ago and I had to grow up. And in order to keep my lifestyle, I had to find different ways to stay financially safe to keep my phone, my car, transportation and all that stuff. So I had to find ways to start my own business.”
Though helped by an organization, Vincent admits that he had a hard time developing a business plan. But once Vincent knew what he wanted to go with, it was really easy and extremely fun. His business has grown through word-of-mouth. Now Vincent fixes up to 10 phones per week and earns about $1,500 each month in sales.
One of his customers said, “I actually heard so much about this kid, how he won Entrepreneur of the Year. So I want him to fix my phone.”
Wheeler is one of the other employees of TechWorld and he works on the technical side of the business. He said, “Vincent is such an amazing kid, and you always see his wheels turning with ideas every day.”
Vincent says he wants to continue to grow his business, and his biggest goal has always been to work for himself.
Please listen again. Questions:
11. When did Vincent start his business TechWorld?
12. Why did Vincent set up his business?
13. According to the speaker, what can we learn about Vincent?
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
(Pause 2 seconds)
People born in autumn live longer than those born in spring and are less likely to fall chronically ill when they are older, according to some Austrian scientists. Using data for more than one million people in Austria, Denmark, Switzerland and Australia, scientists found the month of birth was related to life expectancy over the age of 50.
Seasonal differences in what mothers are during pregnancy, and infections occurring at different
times of the year could both have impact on the health of a new-born baby and influence its life expectancy in older age. “A mother giving birth in spring spends the last stage of her pregnancy in winter, when she will eat less vitamins than in summer,” said one of the scientists. “When she stops breast-feeding and starts giving her baby normal food, it’s in the hot weeks of summer when babies tend to get infections of the digestive system.” In Austria, adults born in autumn lived about seven months longer than those born in spring, and in Demark adults with birthdays in autumn outlived those born in spring by about four months. In the southern hemisphere, the picture is similar. Adults born in the Australian autumn lived about four months longer than those born in the Australian spring. The study focused on people born at the beginning of the 20th century, using death certificates.
Although nutrition at all times of the year has improved since then, the seasonal pattern persists.
Please listen again. Questions
14. What’s the passage mainly about?
15. According to the passage, in which country did adults born in autumn live about seven months longer than those born in spring?
16. What does the study indicate about the seasonal pattern?
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
W: Hi，Brown, it’s nice to see you here. The examination is over, and we won’t have to sit up late to learn all the academic stuff by heart and get prepared for the research project.
M: Yes. That’s true. And now we can look forward to the graduation trip. I’ve been thinking of going to Italy for some time.
W: Well, I think it would be much better for us to stay here in Asia than to Europe. To start with, it’s much nearer, and so it would be much cheaper to get around. That means you will have far more money to buy electronic products you like.
M: That may be true. But I still want to go to Italy. Just thinking about when you get there, there are so many different things to see, and places to go. Imagine you could go to Venice, Rome, Florence, oh, and Vatican! That’s really cool!
W: Exactly! Sistine Chapel! The painted ceiling by Michelangelo! I have been dreaming of going there ever since I read about it.
M: So, you are gonna change your mind, aren’t you?
W: No, I’m kind of still worried about the cost of taking a trip to Europe. That’s a lot of money. Meanwhile, if we have a short trip here in Asia, we can probably take up some part-time jobs. Then you can even earn some extra money to support your study in university.
M: Yeah, maybe you are right. I’ll think it over, and talk about it with my parents while I’m home.
After all, it is they who pay for it.
Please listen again. Questions
17. What are the two speakers talking about?
18. Why does the woman advise staying in Asia?
19. Why does the man want to spend some time in Italy?
20. What does the man decide to do at last?
听力测试到此结束，请继续答题。
参考答案
1-5 BADBD 6-10 CBDDB
11-13 DBC 14-16 AAC 17-20 CACB
21. have been doing / have done
22. to be discovered 23. from/ at 24. As 25. whoever
26. when/as/since/because/after
27. being thrown/ thrown/had been thrown/was thrown
28. was launched
29. hoping 30. it 31-35 CIFJB GEKDA
41-45 BCDCA BABCC ADADC
56-59 CDBB 60-62 BDB 63-66 ADCA
67-70 CBDF
IV. Summary Writing
Facing the first job offer, satisficers probably grasp it while maximizers will likely keep waiting for a better one. Having submitted more applications than the satisficer, maximizers are more likely to have better payoff. However, despite the higher salary, maximizers are more worried about the other working opportunities they missed, so they are less happy than satisficers. (57 words)
V. Translation
72. As the seasons change, so does the enjoyment/fun (to have) in the park.
73. Once the conclusion of the investigation is reached/ drawn, it will be known to the public/will be publicized as soon as possible.
74. For a long time, rice has occupied so important a position/ has played such an important role in the Chinese diet that there is even a saying that “one cannot make bricks without straw”
/ “even a clever housewife cannot cook a meal without rice”.
75. It is admirable/amazing that facing the epidemic/ faced with the epidemic our government has shown/demonstrated solid determination/decision and taken timely and effective measures
(to deal with epidemic).
相关资料
更多
