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安徽省“皖豫联盟体”2020届高三上学期第一次大联考英语试题
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“皖豫联盟体”2020届髙中毕业班第一次考试
英语试题
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9.18. C. £ 9.15.
答案是C。
1. Where does this conversation most probably take place?
A. At a nursery. B. In a laundry. C. In a library.
2. When are the woman’s parents coming?
A. In February. B. In April. C. In June.
3. What will the woman probably do?
A. Buy the writer’s new book. B. Go to visit the writer. C. Write a book review.
4. What does the man mean?
A. The lady’s room is a long way from here.
B. The woman can’t use the lady’s room right now.
C. The woman has to sign up for using the lady’s room.
5. Why won’t the woman eat any more?
A. She has had enough. B. She is losing weight. C. She isn’t feeling well.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答 时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
所第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What do we know about Kate?
A. She’s too busy to see a doctor.
B. The doctor’s advice does her no good.
C. She hasn’t got well though she has seen a doctor.
7. Who will go to see Kate?
A. The man. B. The woman. C. Both of them.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the man want?
A. Less work. B. More fun. C. A good dinner.
9. How does the man feel?
A. Dissatisfied. B. Excited. C. Sleepy.
10. What is the man’s attitude towards his older generation?
A. Doubtful. B. Admiring. C. Opposing.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does the man hire some bikes?
A. To go traveling abroad.
B. To visit the island with his friend.
C. To go to visit the bicycle rental shop.
12. What does the woman suggest?
A. Seeing her tomorrow. B. Going to the beach. C. Hinng a motorbike.
13. Where is the man staying?
A. At the Holiday Sun Hotel. B. At Burt’s Bicycle Rental. C. At No. 100 Teckman Street.
听第9段材料，回答第 14至16题。
14. When did the woman hand in the report?
A. On September 1. B. On September 3. C.On September 5.
15. What is the most important to Starbucks’ success?
A. Its management.
B. The taste of its coffee.
C. Its selections of stores and service.
16.What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Leave out some figures. B. Do more research. C. Change a new topic.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is Task Rabbit?
A. A service company.
B. An old company with new ideas.
C. A successful magazine that offers many services.
18. What could a Task Rabbit worker do?
A. Find you a job to do.
B. Lend you money for rent.
C. Help you move your furniture.
19. Who founded the company Task Rabbit?
A. Leah Busque. B. Sally. C. Neighbors.
20. What is the theme of Task Rabbit?
A. Making millions of dollars.
B. Finding ways to help the elderly.
C. Connecting neighbors to help each other.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
With all the recent concern about the environment，people want to see their money used to better the planet. Here are four well-known environmental organizations.
World Wildlife Fund (WWF)
The World Wildlife Fund is perhaps one of the best-known organizations for the protection of endangered species and their habitats around the world. They’ve been around for over 45 years. You can donate through their website worldwildlife. org, join their organization as a member, or adopt an animal through their online adoption center.
National Geographic Society (NGS)
National Geographic Society is well-known for their magazine and their specials on TV. The organization itself is one of the longest-running in the world—they’ ve been around since 1888. focus on exploration and conservation of forests, oceans, habitats, species and societies. You chopse to donate through the website nationalgeographic.com，buy something at their online store, or order a magazine subscription.
National Wildlife Federation (NWF)
Founded officially in 1937, the National Wildlife Federation tries to protect wildlife at all costs. In fact, they believe that having the public educated is the best way to help the environment—-the more you know, the more you can protect the world we live in. Donations to the NWF can be made through their website nwf. org or through other options, like matching gifts, workplace giving, or memorial donations.
Ecology Fund, com
Set up in 1976，Ecology Fund, com is run on user clicks. Advertisers buy ad space on the site every time someone clicks. The money goes to buy endangered wilderness land to protect it from companies that would destroy it. So far, Ecology Fund, com has bought land in many areas. The best thing about this site is that you needn’t donate any money—all you have to do is click.
1. Which environmental organization has the longest history?
A. Ecology Fund. com. B. World Wildlife Fund.
C. National Geographic Society. D. National Wildlife Federation.
2. What does NWF think is the most important in environmental protection?
A. Knowledge. B. Management. C. Money. D. Patience.
3. In what way does EcologyFund.com differ from the other three organizations?
A. The size of networks. B. The way of operation.
C. The strength of influence. D. The degree of popularity.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要简介了四个著名的环保组织。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，WWF有45年以上的历史；NGS从1888年就开始存在，迄今已有超过100年的历史；NWF成立于1937年；EcologyFund.com成立于1976年，因此NGS时间最长。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段对NWF介绍中的In fact, they believe that having the public educated is the best way to help the environment—-the more you know, the more you can protect the world we live in.可知，NWF认为，让公众 受教育是帮助环境的最佳方式——你知道得越多，就越能保护我们所生活的这个世界。可知，NWF 认为知识在环保中是最重要的。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段对四个环保组织的介绍The best thing about this site is that you needn’t donate any money—all you have to do is click.可知，EcologyFund.com是靠用户的点击率获得广告收入的方式 运营的，用户无需捐钱，他们只需要点击即可，而其它三个环保组织都接受包括捐款在内的多种方式的支持。可知，EcologyFund.com与其它3个环保组织的运营方式不同。故选B项。
B
Imagine someone who has spent the majority of their life sitting with a sign on the side of the road and that very person giving someone their last 20 dollars. That’s exactly what Marine Corps veteran (退伍军人) Johnny Bobbitt, 34, did in October in Philadelphia.
Bobbitt served in the U.S. Marine Corps and worked as a paramedic (医务辅助人员) in Vance County, N. C. before he became homeless. Nobody knew how he got to where he was because he was discreet about that.
One night in October, Bobbitt was sitting roadside with a sign in Philadelphia as usual, when Kate McClure of Florence Township, N. J. was driving home down Interstate 95 and ran out of gas. Scared and nervous, she got out of the car to head to the nearest gas station. As McClure was heading to the nearest gas station, she ran into Bobbitt and he told her to get back in the vehicle and lock the door. Minutes later, he appeared with a red gas can. He’d used his last $20 to buy her gas.
After that unexpected meeting, McClure and her boyfriend, Mark D’Amico, who both live in New Jersey, visited Bobbitt several times to deliver gift cards, cash, snacks and toiletries. They then decided to create a fund raising page so he wouldn’t have to spend the holidays sleeping on the street.
McClure started the GoFundMe page on November 10. With the page, the couple hoped to raise $10,000, enough money for his rent, a reliable vehicle and up to six months’ expenses. Bobbitt’s story ran in a local paper. By November 15，more than 10,000 local people had made donations through the GoFundMe page and more than $300,000 had been raised.
On Thanksgiving, Bobbitt was resting in a hotel, his feet up on the bed, drawing up a grand plan for his new life, thanks to several thousand dollars raised to repay him for a good deed.
4. What does the underlined word “discreet” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. Doubtful. B. Cautious.
C. Guilty. D. Optimistic.
5. McClure met Bobbitt when she .
A. couldn’t find a gas station B. got to the way home
C. couldn’t unlock her car D. was in search of gas
6. It can be known from the text that .
A. Bobbitt’s story obtained wide attention
B. Bobbitt became world-famous overnight
C. the GoFundMe page collected over $400,000 for Bobbitt
D. the GoFundMe page was started to help people like Bobbitt
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. A Homeless Veteran Paid Kindness Forward
B. A Homeless Veteran Had a Generous Heart
C. A Homeless Veteran’s Kindness Paid Off
D. A Small Kindness Made a Big Difference
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。—个无家可归的退伍军人将身上仅有的二十美元买了汽油送给在回家途中汽车没油的年轻女子，事后这名女子和她的男朋友专门建了一个网页为他募捐，使他不用再睡在大街上。他们原本期望帮助他募集一万美元，意想不到的是，五天内募集到的捐款就超过了三十万美元。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。画线词所在句子的句意为“没有人知道他是怎样走到这一步（即无家可归）的，因为他对此_____”。由此可以猜测，他对自己成为无家可归者这件事非常小心谨慎，不想让别人知道。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中Kate McClure of Florence Township, N. J. was driving home down Interstate 95 and ran out of gas As McClure was heading to the nearest gas station, she ran into Bobbitt.可知，McClure是在去加油站寻找油时遇见Bobbitt。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段Bobbitt’s story ran in a local paper.可知，McClure是在十一月十号建立募捐网页的，他们原本期望帮助Bobbitt募集一万美元，他的故事还上了当地的报纸，截至十一月十五号，一万多名当地人通过该网页进行了捐款，募集到的捐款超过了三十万美元。可知，Bobbitt的故事引起了广泛的关注。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要讲述一个无家可归的退伍军人将身上仅有的二十美元买了汽油送给在回家途中汽车没油的年轻女子，事后这名女子和她的男朋友专门建了一个网页为他募捐并且募捐到了三十多万美元，即这个无家可归的退伍军人的善心得到了回报。故选C项。
C
City trees grow faster and die younger than trees in rural forestry, a new study finds. Over their lifetimes,then, urban trees will likely absorb less CO2 from the air thah forest trees.
As we all know, the earth would be freezing or burning hot without C02. However, CO2 is a greenhouse gas, meaning it traps energy from the sun as/heat. That makes temperatures near the ground rise. Human activities, especially the widespread burning-of fossil(化石）fuels，have been sending extra greenhouse gases into the air. This has led to a rise in average temperatures across the globe.
Studies had shown forests readily absorb C02，but there hadn’t been much data on whether city trees grow， die and absorb CO2 at the same rate as forest trees do. So some researchers decided to find out.
To figure out how quickly trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters (the width of their trunks) between 2005 and 2014. A tree’s diameter increases as it grows, just as a person’s waist size increases as they gain weight. About half the weight of a tree is carbon, research has shown. Most of the rest is water. Over the nine years’ tracking, the researchers found city trees absorbed four times as much carbon from the air as forest trees. However, they were twice as likely to die. So over the lifetime of each type of tree, forest trees actually absorbed more C02.
City trees grew faster because they had less competition for light from their neighbors. In a forest，trees tend to grow close together，shading their neighbors. Street trees also benefit from higher levels of nitrogen (氮）in rainwater. Nitrogen helps plants grow. Waste gases from gas-burning cars also contain nitrogen, thus enriching city air with nitrogen. Later, rainwater may wash much of it to the ground. Some street trees may also have better access to water than trees in the country because the underground water pipes can leak.
8. What can he known about CO2 from paragraph 2?
A. It is one of the side effects of greenhouses.
B. It greatly accelerates the process of global warming.
C. It results from the widespread burning of fossil fuels.
D. It prevents the earth from becoming unsuitable to live on.
9. Why did researchers track the diameters of trees?
A. To know about their growth rates.
B. To find out how much they weigh.
C. To check whether they were healthy.
D. To assess the carbon amounts in them.
10. What advantage do city trees have over forest trees?
A. They are more likely to access growth promoters.
B. They can enjoy more water coming from the air.
C. They can enjoy more shade from neighbors.
D. They are better at competing for light.
11. What will probably be talked about if the passage is continued?
A. How urban trees can live longer.
B. Why city living makes trees die young.
C. How trees respond to dry soil conditions.
D. Why faster-growing trees absorb more C02.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. A 11. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现：与长在森林中的树木相比，城市里的树木长得更快，但死得更早。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中the earth would be freezing or burning hot without CO2.可知，如果没有二氧化碳，地球将会极冷或极热。可以推断，二氧化碳可以防止地球变得不适合居住。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中To figure on how quickly trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters.可知，研究人员监测树木的直径是为了了解树木的生长速度。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段内容Street trees also benefit from higher levels of nitrogen (氮）in rainwater. Nitrogen helps plants grow. Waste gases from gas-burning cars also contain nitrogen, thus enriching city air with nitrogen. Later, rainwater may wash much of it to the ground.可知，与生长在森林中的树木相比，城市里的树木长得更快是因为它们无需与邻近的树木争夺光照，也能得到更多的氮量，还更容易得到水。光、氮和水都可以促进树木的生长。由此可以推断，城市里的树木比森林中的树木更可能获得生长促进剂。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。文章首句就提到了一项新的研究结果：城市里的树木比森林中的树木长得更快，但死得更早；文章第三段说到“以前有研究表明森林会吸收二氧化碳，但是城市里的树木的生长、死亡和吸收二氧化碳的速度是否跟森林中的树木一样，这方面的数据不多。因此一些研究人员决定弄清楚”；文章第四段再次介绍了他们的研究发现：城市里的树木比森林中的树木长得更快，但死得更早；文章最后一段介绍了城市里的树木比森林中的树木生长得更快的几个原因。由此可以推断，文章接下来很可能就要介绍城市里的树木死得更早的原因。故选B项。
D
Do you know that junk food isn’t healthy? Of course you do! Do you eat it anyway? Of course you do! But a new study shows teaching adolescents about the ways food companies fool them into thinking junk food is cool can encourage kids to fight back—by eating healthier.
The pull of junk food can be super-strong. It’s designed to tasty; which makes eating well one of the great health challenges of our time. Everyone from doctors to the government has been trying to handle it. Yet we keep eating junk food.
Professor Christopher Bryan says, “Food companies want you to want junk food. ‘‘ They spend millions of dollars coming up with new ways to^ promote junk food consumption. They hire scientists to make new junk food almost irresistible. They might do this, for example, by adding more sugar. Rats fed junk food for six weeks will even walk across a floor that gives them electric shocks just to get more of such food.
Food ads often make unhealthy junk food seem healthy by featuring professional athletes, fit-looking pop stars and smiling, active teens. “We thought when the students learned this, it would matter to them,” Bryan says. He worked with 8th graders at a Texas school. Half of them got a lesson Bryan created. It focused on the ways junk food is advertised, or marketed. A second group received lessons that focused on health. These lessons informed students junk food is had, and that foods like apples or carrots are a better choice. The students learned a bad diet can lead to major weight gain, and that being overweight puts people at risk for serious diseases. They also learned how eating well now can keep you healthy when you’re older.
After the lessons, the kids in both groups were asked how they felt about junk food. Most didn’t have positive feelings about these unhealthy foods.
12. Why does the author mention the questions in paragraph 1?
A. To express his doubts about junk food.
B. To promote the idea of healthy eating.
C. To describe the situation of junk food.
D. To introduce the topic for discussion.
13. What remains a great health challenge to doctors?
A. Making people do more exercise.
B. Making people eat healthily.
C. Making people lose weight.
D. Making people prefer junk food.
14. What message does paragraph 3 mainly try to convey?
A. What makes junk food almost impossible to resist.
B. What influences junk food can have on consumers.
C. How food companies try to get people to reach for junk food.
D. Why food companies promote the consumption of junk food.
15. Which of the following words can best describe Bryan’s lessons?
A. Shocking. B. Popular.
C. Effective. D. Abstract.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。研究表明：让青少年了解食品公司的推销方式比单纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能让他们选择健康的饮食。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文内容可以得知本文介绍了一项研究：让青少年了解食品公司的推销方式比单纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能让他们选择健康的饮食。可以推断出，文章第一段中提及那两个问题Do you know that junk food isn’t healthy? 你知道垃圾食品不健康吗？Do you eat it anyway? 你仍然还吃垃圾食品？ 是为了引出本文要讨论的话题。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中It’s designed to be tasty, which makes eating well one of the great health challenges of our time. Everyone from doctors to the government has been trying to handle it.可知，垃圾食品很美味，这使吃得好成为一个巨大的健康挑战，从医生到政府每一个人都一直在努力应对这一挑战。由此可知，对医生而言，让人们吃得健康依然是一个巨大的健康挑战。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中先提到“食品公司想要消费者想吃垃圾食品”，紧接着说到“它们（食品公司)花巨资想办法推广垃圾食品，它们聘请科学家制作新的垃圾食品，使人们几乎无法抗拒”，接着还举例说“它们可能会往垃圾食品中添加更多的糖”。由此可以推断，作者在本段主要是想告诉读者食品公司是如何想方设法让人们去吃垃圾食品的。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段主要介绍Bryan给德克萨斯州的一所学校的八年级学生们上的课，再根据文章最后一段After the lessons, the kids in both groups were asked how they felt about junk food. Most didn’t have positive feelings about these unhealthy foods.可知，课后当这些孩子被问及他们对垃圾食品的看法时，大多数人对这些不健康的食品都不持正面的看法。由此可以推断，Bryan的课是有效的。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hunger Is Good for You
Hunger is a feeling of discomfort or weakness caused by lack of food. It is accompanied by the desire to eat.___16___
You eat when you feel hungry. It’s this feeding process that has led to some of the many health problems we’re experiencing today. Food timing, portion (份量), and quality contribute to weight gain. You see, the body loves predictability. ___17___ That’s why an eating schedule is necessary for weight loss.
___18___ Think of a newborn baby. It breastfeeds every 3 to 4 hours around the clock. That’s a perfect example of structured eating. Unfortunately, despite having a 3-meal-a-day eating format, not everyone sticks to this. If you decide to lose weight, it’s necessary for you to add stru6_e to your eating habits—eat all meals and snacks at the same time every day similar to a newborn baby.
As your body begins adapting to the new structure, you’ll experience hunger pains. ___19___ Instead, wait it out, stick to your schedule and let the body adapt. You’11 be pleasantly surprised to notice hunger disappearing over 2 to 5 days.
Where does hunger go? During the 2 to 5 days, hunger readjusts and it gets easier to plan. If you give in during the readjustment period, you’11 be stuck at always being hungry, losing weight.
Creating the eating schedule will work wonders food. ___20___ However, 80% of your weight loss。
A. Do remember not to panic.
B. Exercising is good as well.
C. What is an eating schedule?
D Proper eating helps with your health.
E. What’s the easiest way to control hunger?
F. It loves predicting perfectly portioned, well-timed meals.
G. However, short-term hunger is great, especially if you’re trying to lose weight .
【答案】16. G 17. F
18. C 19. A
20. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文给我们介绍了饥饿给我们带来的好处。
【16题详解】
根据空前Hunger is a feeling of discomfort or weakness caused by lack of food. 可知，饥饿是由于缺乏食物而引起的不适或虚弱的感觉。此处作者讨论的是和饥饿相关的话题；结合选项可知，选项G. However, short-term hunger is great, especially if you're trying to lose weight.（然而，短期饥饿是很好的，特别是当你想减肥的时候）与前一句相对比，并引出下文。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据前一句You see, the body loves predictability.可知，我们的身体喜欢可预测性。由此可知，空处将继续谈论预测性相关的话题；故选项F. It loves predicting perfectly portioned, well-timed meals.（它喜欢预测完美分餐、适时的用餐。）符合语境。故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据上一句That's why an eating schedule is necessary for weight loss以及本段下文结构化饮食和饮食计划的例子，可知由此可知，空处将介绍和饮食计划相关的话题。故选项C. What is an eating schedule?（什么是饮食计划？）符合语境。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据空前As your body begins adapting to the new structure, you'll experience hunger pains可知，当你的身体开始适应新的结构时，你会经历饥饿的痛苦；由此可知，空处会谈论如何处理这种情况，且后一句说Instead, wait it out可知本空讲的是不应该做的事。故选项A. Do remember not to panic.（记住不要惊慌。）符合题意。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据空前Creating the eating schedule will work wonders if you're also practicing portion control and eating the right food. 可知，如果你也在练习控制食物的份量和吃对食物，那么制定饮食计划会很有效果。由此可知，空处谈论其它有好处的做法；故选项B. Exercising is good as well.（运动也很好。）符合题意。故选B项。
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1 _ 5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Letting me move into my university dormitory wasn’t an easy decision for my parents. However, they knew if I wanted a good ___21___, I’d have to live away from home. I’d always ___22___ living alone ： the life of no rules and regulations and being independent. So I was ___23___ about this new stage in my life.
___24___,during the first few months of living alone，I’d find myself crying every day. I’d call my mum every day. I ___25___ to fly back home as soon as I got any time off. That was the only thing I was ___26___ about. Coming from a big family, I was ___27___ to noises surrounding me. Therefore, the scary ___28___ at night was the worst. I couldn’t even ___29___without keeping the lights on.
As time went by, I started enjoying the___30___ that came with living alone. I could do things in my own time： eat whenever I want, wake up whenever I want. The space of loneliness was also then ___31___ by friends who became like family, so I ___32___ missing my family less.
When it was time to say goodbye and go back home after my ___33___ I was bittersweet. I’d ___34___ my time alone, learning things which wouldn’t have been ___35___ if I had riever moved away from home. But I’d also missed my family too much.
I’d learned a lot from this ___36___ . Living alone made me value ___37___time even more.I realized that every second with them ___38___ though I might not get the freedom I had while living alone.
I guess it’s ___39___ for everybody, but for me,there is no warmth in a house ___40___ it’s filled with loving members and people you love.
21. A. memory B. occupation C. opportunity D. education
22. A. kept on B. dreamed of C. insisted on D. put off
23. A. delighted B. worried C. serious D. cautious
24. A. Undoubtedly B. Unwillingly C. Unconditionally D. Unexpectedly
25. A. refused B. pretended C. Wanted D. failed
26. A. concerned B. disappointed C. certain D. particular
27. A. deaf B. cruel C. accustomed D. opposed
28. A. boredom B. silence C. darkness D. suffering
29. A. sleep B. talk C. move D. play
30. A. confidence B. safety C. relief D. freedom
31 A. set aside B. taken over C. filled up D. thrown away
32. A. started B. practised C. resisted D. preferred
33. A. recovery B. graduation C. resignation D. promotion
34. A. hated B. desired C. regretted D. enjoyed
35. A. useful B. possible C. reliable D. worthwhile
36. A. adventure B. arrangement C. experience D. challenge
37. A. family B. study C. work D. growth
38. A. flew B. counted C. stayed D. repeated
39. A. hard B. common C. meaningless D. different
40. A. when B. ince C. unless D. though
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. C
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者曾经一直梦想着能够独自生活，但是上大学时离开家人独自住在学生寝室后却又疯狂地想家，这几年的独自生活给作者上了一堂生动的人生课。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而他们知道，如果我想要接受好的教育，我就必须离家而居。A.memory记忆；B.occupation职业；C.opportunity机会；D.education教育。根据上文Letting me move into my university dormitory由进大学可推断，此处讲述的是我接受好的教育。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我总梦想着独自生活：没有各种规章制度，独立自主。A.kept on继续；B.dreamed of梦想；C.insisted on坚持；D.put off推迟。根据语境可知，没有规章制度，独立自主是好的，所以我梦想独立生活。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，对于这个新的人生阶段，我感到非常开心。A.delighted高兴的；B.worried担心的；C.serious严肃的；D.cautious谨慎的。根据句首的so可推断，我梦想独自生活，因此对于这个新的人生阶段，我感到非常开心。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：意想不到的是，在我独自生活的最初几个月中，我发现自己每天都在哭泣。A.Undoubtedly毋庸置疑地；B.Unwillingly不情愿地；C.Unconditionally无条件地；D.Unexpectedly意料不到地。由上文我喜欢独自居住，高兴面对生活中的新阶段可推断，我发现自己每天都在哭泣是意料不到的。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一有时间就想要飞回家中。A.refused拒绝；B.pretended假装；C.wanted想要；D.failed失败。根据上文I'd call my mum every day可推断，我每天都给妈妈打电话，因此推断我想家，一有时间就想要飞回家中。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是我唯一关心的事。A.concerned关心的； B.disappointed感动失望的；C.certain必然的；D.particular特别的。根据上文我一有时间就想要回家可推断，回家是我唯一关心的事情。be concerned about对……关心。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于我来自一个大家庭，我习惯了被各种声音包围着。A.deaf聋的；B.cruel残忍的；C.accustomed习惯的；D.opposed相反的。固定短语be accustomed to…“习惯……”。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，晚上可怕的寂静是最糟糕的。A.boredom无聊；B.silence沉默；寂静；C.darkness黑暗；D.suffering受苦。结合上文I was (7)accustomed to noises surrounding me.可推断，晚上可怕的寂静是最糟糕的。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果不开着灯，我甚至都无法入睡。A.sleep睡觉；B.talk交谈；C.move移动；D.play玩耍。根据上文的at night以及下文without keeping the lights on.可推断，此处指的是晚上如果不开着灯，我甚至都无法入睡。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，我开始喜欢独自生活带来的自由。A.confidence自信；B.safety安全；C.relief宽慰；D.freedom自由。根据下文I could do things in my own time: eat whenever I want, wake up whenever I want.可知，独自生活带来的是自由。故选D。
31题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：孤独的空间也被朋友们给填满了。A.set aside留出；B.taken over接管；C.filled up填满；D.thrown away扔掉。根据下文的friends who became like family推断我和朋友相处和谐，所以孤独的空间也被就像家人的朋友们给填满了。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们就像是我的家人，因此我开始不那么想家了。A.started开始；B.practised练习；C.resisted抵制；D.preferred更喜欢。上文说我什么时候想吃就吃，想什么时候醒来都行，有像家人一样的朋友陪伴，也不孤独了，因此我开始不那么想家了。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕业后当我该回家时，我的心情苦乐参半。A.recovery恢复；B.graduation毕业；C.resignation辞职；D.promotion提升。根据上文When it was time to say goodbye and go back home可知是毕业的时候。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很享受独自生活的时光。A.hated憎恨；B.desired希望；C.regretted遗憾，后悔；D.enjoyed喜欢，享受。根据上一段的内容可推断，我很享受独自生活的时光。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学会了那些我不搬离家就不可能学会的事情。A.useful有用的；B.possible可能的；C.reliable可靠的；D.worthwhile值得的。根据learning things which wouldn’t have been可知此处指的是本不可能学会的事情。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从这段经历中学到了很多。A.adventure冒险经历； B.arrangement安排；C.experience经历；D.challenge挑战。此处指上文提到我离开家独自上学的经历。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：独自生活让我更加珍惜和家人在一起的时间。A.family家人；B.study学习；C.work工作；D.growth成长。根据上文But I'd also missed my family too much.可知，独自生活让我更加珍惜和家人在一起的时间。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到跟他们在一起的每一秒都很重要，尽管我可能得不到独自生活时的自由。A.flew飞行；B.counted重要； C.stayed保持；D.repeated重复。根据上一句：独自生活让我更加珍视家人，所以和家人的每一秒都很重要。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我猜想这对每个人而言可能都不一样。A.hard困难的；B.common常见的；C.meaningless无意义的；D.different不同的。根据下文but for me, there is no warmth in a house表达的是自己的看法，可知，这对每个人而言可能都不一样。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：但对我而言，除非有深爱的家人，否则家是没有温暖的。A.when当……时候；B.since自从……以来；C.unless除非；D.though尽管。根据上下文此处引导条件状语从句。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Kiwis are endangered little birds native to New Zealand. It ___41___ (believe) that these small birds exist as a result of New Zealand’s isolation (隔离）from the other parts of the world, forcing animals there ___42___ ( adapt)and evolve (进化)so as to be able to survive and reproduce. The evolution is what has led to the present___43___(appear) of the kiwi bird.
Kiwis are a national symbol of New Zealand, with the name kiwi ___44___(be) associated with many things in New Zealand including their famous rugby national team.
Kiwis have excellent memories and can remember something that ___45___(happen) as long as five years back. Even though they have feathers, their feathers look and feel ___46___ (much) like hair rather than feathers.
This enables them to be able to hide in a bush and go ___47___ (complete) unnoticed by their natural enemies.
Unlike most birds, the kiwi bird has a great sense of smell ___48___ enables them to sniff out prey (猎物）hidden in bushes and underground.
The smallest kiwi bird has ___49___ height of 45 centimeters and wight of 2 kilograms while the largest kiwi can grow ___50___ 50 centimeters tall and can weigh 3.5 kilograms.
【答案】41. is believed
42. to adapt
43. appearance
44. being 45. happened
46. more 47. completely
48. that/which
49. a 50. to
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。几维鸟是新西兰的特有物种，也是新西兰的国鸟及象征。本文主要简介了几维鸟的相关信息。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：人们认为，这些小鸟的存在是新西兰与世界其他地方隔绝的结果。此处是陈述种客观事实，故应该使用一般现在时；It is believed that “据人们认为……”，因此填一般现在时的被动语态。故填is believed。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：迫使那里的动物适应和进化，以便能够生存和繁殖。forceto do sth.“强迫……做某事”，为固定短语，因此填动词的不定式形式。故填to adapt。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：这种进化导致了几维鸟的出现。present在句中为形容词，因此应该填入所给形容词的名词形式。故填appearance。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：几维鸟是新西兰的国家象征，kiwi这个名字与新西兰的许多事物都有联系，包括新西兰著名的橄榄球队。此处是“with+名词+分词”结构，由于kiwi与动词短语be associated with之间是主动关系，因此填所给词的现在分词形式。故填being。
【45题详解】
考查时态。句意：几维鸟的记忆力很好，他们能记住五年前发生的事情。故应该使用一般过去时，因此应该填入所给动词的过去式。故填happened。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：尽管它们有羽毛，但它们的羽毛看上去和摸起来都更像是茸毛而非羽毛。因此填形容词的比较级。故填more。
【47题详解】
考查副词。句意：这使得它们能够躲在灌木丛中，完全不被天敌发现。此处是用于修饰过去分词unnoticed，因此填副词形式。故填completely。
【48题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：与大多数鸟类不同的是，几维鸟有很强的嗅觉，能够嗅出隐藏在灌木丛和地下的猎物。此处是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是a great sense of smell，指物，且引导词在定语从句中作主语，因此填关系代词that或which，引导该限制性定语从句。故填that/which。
【49题详解】
考查冠词。句意：最小的几维鸟身高45厘米，体重2公斤。have a height of “有……高”，因此填冠词a。故填a。
【50题详解】
考查介词。句意：而最大的几维鸟可以长到50厘米高，重3.5公斤。介词to后接数字表示能到达多高。故填to。
【点睛】第4小题考查了“with+名词+分词”结构。with的复合结构，是由with+复合宾语组成。常在句中做状语，表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等。其构成有下列几种情形：
1.with+名词（或代词）+现在分词。此时，现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上
的主谓关系。例：
1）With prices going up so fast, we can’t afford luxuries.
由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。 （原因状语）
2）With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace.
在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。 （伴随情况）
2.with+名词（或代词）+过去分词。此时，过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上
的动宾关系。例：
1）I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.
我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。 （伴随情况）
2）She had to walk home with her bike stolen.
自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。 （原因状语）
3.with+名词（或代词）+形容词。例：
1）I like to sleep with the windows open.
我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。 （伴随情况）
2）With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it’ll rain presently.
大气这样闷，十之八九要下雨。 （原因状语）
4.with+名词（或代词）+介词短语。例：
1）With the children at school, we can’t take our vacation when we want to.
由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。（原因状语）
2）The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.
士兵让他背朝着他的父亲站在那儿。 （行为方式）
5.with+名词（或代词）副词。例：
1）He fell asleep with the light on.
他睡着了，灯还亮着。 （伴随情况）
2）The boy stood there with his head down.
这个男孩低头站在那儿。 （伴随情况）
6.with+名词（或代词）+动词不定式。此时，不定式表示将发生的动作。例：
1）With no one to talk to, John felt miserable.
由于没人可以说话的人，约翰感到很悲哀。 （原因状语）
2）With a lot of work to do, he wasn’t allowed to go out.
因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。 （原因状语）
第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10）分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1。每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Yesterday morning I was on my way to work. Suddenly I stopped by a woman on the sidewalk. She asked me if I knew how to get to CASS, that is a local shelter for the homeless. I could tell she was extreme upset, so I told her I’d look it up for her on my smartphones. While waiting, she told the she was losing and didn’t have money for the bus. I took out of a 20-dollar bill from my purse but handed it to her. Then I accompany her to the nearest bus stop. See the happy smile on her face brightened up my day, either.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇日记。作者讲叙了昨天在上班路上遇到一个女人并且帮助了她。
【详解】1.考查被动语态。句意：突然我在人行道上被一个女人拦住了。根据by a woman可知，主语I和stop为被动关系，被动语态的构成形式是be+done，此处陈述过去事实，为一般过去时，主语为I，be动词用was。故在stopped前面加was。
2.考查定语从句引导词。分析句子结构，此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰CASS，指代事物。从句缺少主语，需用关系代词引导。故将that改为which。
3.考查副词。upset为形容词，此处修饰形容词需用副词。故将extreme改为extremely。
4.考查名词单复数。句意：我能看出她非常难过，所以我告诉她我会用我的智能手机帮她查一下。根据句意可知此处指的是“我的手机”，需用单数名词。故将smartphones改为smartphone。
5.考查形容词。句意：在等车的时候，她告诉我她迷路了，没有钱坐公共汽车losing作为形容词，意为“失败的，导致失败的”，lost作为形容词，意为“迷路的”，结合语境可知，此处为“迷路的”。故将losing改为lost。
6.考查固定短语。take out为固定短语，意为“拿出，取出”。故将of去掉。
7.考查连词。句意：我从钱包里掏出一张20美元的钞票递给了她。根据上下文可知，此处为顺承关系，故将but改为and。
8.考查动词时态。根据上文中的handed和下文中的brightened可知，此处为一般过去时。故将accompany改为accompanied。
9.考查动名词。分析句子结构可知，此处为动名词短语做主语。故将See改为Seeing。
10.考查副词。句意：看到她脸上幸福的笑容，我的心情也开朗起来。结合语境可知，此处表示“也”，either用于否定句，此处为肯定句，用too。故将either改为too。
【点睛】第9小题中考查了doing是动名词做主语的情况。动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。如：
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
Helping her is my duty. 帮助她是我的责任。
Talking mends no holes. 空谈无济于事。
Working with you is a pleasure. 和你一起工作是一种乐趣。
动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样，也可以用it作形式主语。如：
It's rather tiring walking around in a city.
第二节书面表达(满分25分)：
52.假定你是李华，你的美国网友Mike因工作出色被公司奖励中国十日游，他来信请你推荐旅游路线。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示祝贺；
2.推荐旅游路线；
3.期待回复。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mike
I’m glad to know that you’ve been awarded by your company a ten-day tour of China because of your outstanding performance at work. Congratulations!
To guarantee you an enjoyable and unforgettable trip in China, I’ d like to recommend you one of the most popular and classic traveling routes. That is, a guided ten-day tour of Beijing, Shanghai and Hainan. During the trip, you can see many ancient historical sites, enjoy amazingly beautiful scenery, experience different Chinese traditions and cultures, and taste various Chinese cuisines. I’ m sure you’ll be deeply impressed by all of these.
What do you think of my recommendation? Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件。请你向Mike推荐旅游路线。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时
结构：三段式结构：第一段表达祝贺；第二段推荐路线；第三段期待回信。
要求：1.表示祝贺；
2.推荐旅游路线；
3.期待回复。
第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）
ten-day；outstanding；performance；congratulations；guarantee；recommend；one of the most …；historical sites；beautiful scenery；traditions and cultures；Chinese cuisines；be impressed by；recommendation；look forward to等
第三步：连词成句
1. I’m glad to know that you’ve been awarded by your company a ten-day tour of China because of your outstanding performance at work.
2. I’ d like to recommend you one of the most popular and classic traveling routes. T
3. you can see many ancient historical sites, enjoy amazingly beautiful scenery, experience different Chinese traditions and cultures, and taste various Chinese cuisines.
4. I’ m sure you’ll be deeply impressed by all of these.
5. What do you think of my recommendation?
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
That is；and等
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多高分句式，如：I’m glad to know that you’ve been awarded by your company a ten-day tour of China because of your outstanding performance at work.使用了that引导的宾语从句以及because引导的原因状语从句；I’ d like to recommend you one of the most popular and classic traveling routes.使用了I would like to…句式以及one of the …短语；you can see many ancient historical sites, enjoy amazingly beautiful scenery, experience different Chinese traditions and cultures, and taste various Chinese cuisines.使用了动宾短语的并列；I’ m sure you’ll be deeply impressed by all of these.使用了that省略的宾语从句等。此外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
“皖豫联盟体”2020届髙中毕业班第一次考试
英语试题
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9.18. C. £ 9.15.
答案是C。
1. Where does this conversation most probably take place?
A. At a nursery. B. In a laundry. C. In a library.
2. When are the woman’s parents coming?
A. In February. B. In April. C. In June.
3. What will the woman probably do?
A. Buy the writer’s new book. B. Go to visit the writer. C. Write a book review.
4. What does the man mean?
A. The lady’s room is a long way from here.
B. The woman can’t use the lady’s room right now.
C. The woman has to sign up for using the lady’s room.
5. Why won’t the woman eat any more?
A. She has had enough. B. She is losing weight. C. She isn’t feeling well.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答 时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
所第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What do we know about Kate?
A. She’s too busy to see a doctor.
B. The doctor’s advice does her no good.
C. She hasn’t got well though she has seen a doctor.
7. Who will go to see Kate?
A. The man. B. The woman. C. Both of them.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the man want?
A. Less work. B. More fun. C. A good dinner.
9. How does the man feel?
A. Dissatisfied. B. Excited. C. Sleepy.
10. What is the man’s attitude towards his older generation?
A. Doubtful. B. Admiring. C. Opposing.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does the man hire some bikes?
A. To go traveling abroad.
B. To visit the island with his friend.
C. To go to visit the bicycle rental shop.
12. What does the woman suggest?
A. Seeing her tomorrow. B. Going to the beach. C. Hinng a motorbike.
13. Where is the man staying?
A. At the Holiday Sun Hotel. B. At Burt’s Bicycle Rental. C. At No. 100 Teckman Street.
听第9段材料，回答第 14至16题。
14. When did the woman hand in the report?
A. On September 1. B. On September 3. C.On September 5.
15. What is the most important to Starbucks’ success?
A. Its management.
B. The taste of its coffee.
C. Its selections of stores and service.
16.What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Leave out some figures. B. Do more research. C. Change a new topic.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is Task Rabbit?
A. A service company.
B. An old company with new ideas.
C. A successful magazine that offers many services.
18. What could a Task Rabbit worker do?
A. Find you a job to do.
B. Lend you money for rent.
C. Help you move your furniture.
19. Who founded the company Task Rabbit?
A. Leah Busque. B. Sally. C. Neighbors.
20. What is the theme of Task Rabbit?
A. Making millions of dollars.
B. Finding ways to help the elderly.
C. Connecting neighbors to help each other.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
With all the recent concern about the environment，people want to see their money used to better the planet. Here are four well-known environmental organizations.
World Wildlife Fund (WWF)
The World Wildlife Fund is perhaps one of the best-known organizations for the protection of endangered species and their habitats around the world. They’ve been around for over 45 years. You can donate through their website worldwildlife. org, join their organization as a member, or adopt an animal through their online adoption center.
National Geographic Society (NGS)
National Geographic Society is well-known for their magazine and their specials on TV. The organization itself is one of the longest-running in the world—they’ ve been around since 1888. focus on exploration and conservation of forests, oceans, habitats, species and societies. You chopse to donate through the website nationalgeographic.com，buy something at their online store, or order a magazine subscription.
National Wildlife Federation (NWF)
Founded officially in 1937, the National Wildlife Federation tries to protect wildlife at all costs. In fact, they believe that having the public educated is the best way to help the environment—-the more you know, the more you can protect the world we live in. Donations to the NWF can be made through their website nwf. org or through other options, like matching gifts, workplace giving, or memorial donations.
Ecology Fund, com
Set up in 1976，Ecology Fund, com is run on user clicks. Advertisers buy ad space on the site every time someone clicks. The money goes to buy endangered wilderness land to protect it from companies that would destroy it. So far, Ecology Fund, com has bought land in many areas. The best thing about this site is that you needn’t donate any money—all you have to do is click.
1. Which environmental organization has the longest history?
A. Ecology Fund. com. B. World Wildlife Fund.
C. National Geographic Society. D. National Wildlife Federation.
2. What does NWF think is the most important in environmental protection?
A. Knowledge. B. Management. C. Money. D. Patience.
3. In what way does EcologyFund.com differ from the other three organizations?
A. The size of networks. B. The way of operation.
C. The strength of influence. D. The degree of popularity.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要简介了四个著名的环保组织。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，WWF有45年以上的历史；NGS从1888年就开始存在，迄今已有超过100年的历史；NWF成立于1937年；EcologyFund.com成立于1976年，因此NGS时间最长。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段对NWF介绍中的In fact, they believe that having the public educated is the best way to help the environment—-the more you know, the more you can protect the world we live in.可知，NWF认为，让公众 受教育是帮助环境的最佳方式——你知道得越多，就越能保护我们所生活的这个世界。可知，NWF 认为知识在环保中是最重要的。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段对四个环保组织的介绍The best thing about this site is that you needn’t donate any money—all you have to do is click.可知，EcologyFund.com是靠用户的点击率获得广告收入的方式 运营的，用户无需捐钱，他们只需要点击即可，而其它三个环保组织都接受包括捐款在内的多种方式的支持。可知，EcologyFund.com与其它3个环保组织的运营方式不同。故选B项。
B
Imagine someone who has spent the majority of their life sitting with a sign on the side of the road and that very person giving someone their last 20 dollars. That’s exactly what Marine Corps veteran (退伍军人) Johnny Bobbitt, 34, did in October in Philadelphia.
Bobbitt served in the U.S. Marine Corps and worked as a paramedic (医务辅助人员) in Vance County, N. C. before he became homeless. Nobody knew how he got to where he was because he was discreet about that.
One night in October, Bobbitt was sitting roadside with a sign in Philadelphia as usual, when Kate McClure of Florence Township, N. J. was driving home down Interstate 95 and ran out of gas. Scared and nervous, she got out of the car to head to the nearest gas station. As McClure was heading to the nearest gas station, she ran into Bobbitt and he told her to get back in the vehicle and lock the door. Minutes later, he appeared with a red gas can. He’d used his last $20 to buy her gas.
After that unexpected meeting, McClure and her boyfriend, Mark D’Amico, who both live in New Jersey, visited Bobbitt several times to deliver gift cards, cash, snacks and toiletries. They then decided to create a fund raising page so he wouldn’t have to spend the holidays sleeping on the street.
McClure started the GoFundMe page on November 10. With the page, the couple hoped to raise $10,000, enough money for his rent, a reliable vehicle and up to six months’ expenses. Bobbitt’s story ran in a local paper. By November 15，more than 10,000 local people had made donations through the GoFundMe page and more than $300,000 had been raised.
On Thanksgiving, Bobbitt was resting in a hotel, his feet up on the bed, drawing up a grand plan for his new life, thanks to several thousand dollars raised to repay him for a good deed.
4. What does the underlined word “discreet” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. Doubtful. B. Cautious.
C. Guilty. D. Optimistic.
5. McClure met Bobbitt when she .
A. couldn’t find a gas station B. got to the way home
C. couldn’t unlock her car D. was in search of gas
6. It can be known from the text that .
A. Bobbitt’s story obtained wide attention
B. Bobbitt became world-famous overnight
C. the GoFundMe page collected over $400,000 for Bobbitt
D. the GoFundMe page was started to help people like Bobbitt
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. A Homeless Veteran Paid Kindness Forward
B. A Homeless Veteran Had a Generous Heart
C. A Homeless Veteran’s Kindness Paid Off
D. A Small Kindness Made a Big Difference
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。—个无家可归的退伍军人将身上仅有的二十美元买了汽油送给在回家途中汽车没油的年轻女子，事后这名女子和她的男朋友专门建了一个网页为他募捐，使他不用再睡在大街上。他们原本期望帮助他募集一万美元，意想不到的是，五天内募集到的捐款就超过了三十万美元。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。画线词所在句子的句意为“没有人知道他是怎样走到这一步（即无家可归）的，因为他对此_____”。由此可以猜测，他对自己成为无家可归者这件事非常小心谨慎，不想让别人知道。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中Kate McClure of Florence Township, N. J. was driving home down Interstate 95 and ran out of gas As McClure was heading to the nearest gas station, she ran into Bobbitt.可知，McClure是在去加油站寻找油时遇见Bobbitt。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段Bobbitt’s story ran in a local paper.可知，McClure是在十一月十号建立募捐网页的，他们原本期望帮助Bobbitt募集一万美元，他的故事还上了当地的报纸，截至十一月十五号，一万多名当地人通过该网页进行了捐款，募集到的捐款超过了三十万美元。可知，Bobbitt的故事引起了广泛的关注。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要讲述一个无家可归的退伍军人将身上仅有的二十美元买了汽油送给在回家途中汽车没油的年轻女子，事后这名女子和她的男朋友专门建了一个网页为他募捐并且募捐到了三十多万美元，即这个无家可归的退伍军人的善心得到了回报。故选C项。
C
City trees grow faster and die younger than trees in rural forestry, a new study finds. Over their lifetimes,then, urban trees will likely absorb less CO2 from the air thah forest trees.
As we all know, the earth would be freezing or burning hot without C02. However, CO2 is a greenhouse gas, meaning it traps energy from the sun as/heat. That makes temperatures near the ground rise. Human activities, especially the widespread burning-of fossil(化石）fuels，have been sending extra greenhouse gases into the air. This has led to a rise in average temperatures across the globe.
Studies had shown forests readily absorb C02，but there hadn’t been much data on whether city trees grow， die and absorb CO2 at the same rate as forest trees do. So some researchers decided to find out.
To figure out how quickly trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters (the width of their trunks) between 2005 and 2014. A tree’s diameter increases as it grows, just as a person’s waist size increases as they gain weight. About half the weight of a tree is carbon, research has shown. Most of the rest is water. Over the nine years’ tracking, the researchers found city trees absorbed four times as much carbon from the air as forest trees. However, they were twice as likely to die. So over the lifetime of each type of tree, forest trees actually absorbed more C02.
City trees grew faster because they had less competition for light from their neighbors. In a forest，trees tend to grow close together，shading their neighbors. Street trees also benefit from higher levels of nitrogen (氮）in rainwater. Nitrogen helps plants grow. Waste gases from gas-burning cars also contain nitrogen, thus enriching city air with nitrogen. Later, rainwater may wash much of it to the ground. Some street trees may also have better access to water than trees in the country because the underground water pipes can leak.
8. What can he known about CO2 from paragraph 2?
A. It is one of the side effects of greenhouses.
B. It greatly accelerates the process of global warming.
C. It results from the widespread burning of fossil fuels.
D. It prevents the earth from becoming unsuitable to live on.
9. Why did researchers track the diameters of trees?
A. To know about their growth rates.
B. To find out how much they weigh.
C. To check whether they were healthy.
D. To assess the carbon amounts in them.
10. What advantage do city trees have over forest trees?
A. They are more likely to access growth promoters.
B. They can enjoy more water coming from the air.
C. They can enjoy more shade from neighbors.
D. They are better at competing for light.
11. What will probably be talked about if the passage is continued?
A. How urban trees can live longer.
B. Why city living makes trees die young.
C. How trees respond to dry soil conditions.
D. Why faster-growing trees absorb more C02.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. A 11. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现：与长在森林中的树木相比，城市里的树木长得更快，但死得更早。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中the earth would be freezing or burning hot without CO2.可知，如果没有二氧化碳，地球将会极冷或极热。可以推断，二氧化碳可以防止地球变得不适合居住。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中To figure on how quickly trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters.可知，研究人员监测树木的直径是为了了解树木的生长速度。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段内容Street trees also benefit from higher levels of nitrogen (氮）in rainwater. Nitrogen helps plants grow. Waste gases from gas-burning cars also contain nitrogen, thus enriching city air with nitrogen. Later, rainwater may wash much of it to the ground.可知，与生长在森林中的树木相比，城市里的树木长得更快是因为它们无需与邻近的树木争夺光照，也能得到更多的氮量，还更容易得到水。光、氮和水都可以促进树木的生长。由此可以推断，城市里的树木比森林中的树木更可能获得生长促进剂。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。文章首句就提到了一项新的研究结果：城市里的树木比森林中的树木长得更快，但死得更早；文章第三段说到“以前有研究表明森林会吸收二氧化碳，但是城市里的树木的生长、死亡和吸收二氧化碳的速度是否跟森林中的树木一样，这方面的数据不多。因此一些研究人员决定弄清楚”；文章第四段再次介绍了他们的研究发现：城市里的树木比森林中的树木长得更快，但死得更早；文章最后一段介绍了城市里的树木比森林中的树木生长得更快的几个原因。由此可以推断，文章接下来很可能就要介绍城市里的树木死得更早的原因。故选B项。
D
Do you know that junk food isn’t healthy? Of course you do! Do you eat it anyway? Of course you do! But a new study shows teaching adolescents about the ways food companies fool them into thinking junk food is cool can encourage kids to fight back—by eating healthier.
The pull of junk food can be super-strong. It’s designed to tasty; which makes eating well one of the great health challenges of our time. Everyone from doctors to the government has been trying to handle it. Yet we keep eating junk food.
Professor Christopher Bryan says, “Food companies want you to want junk food. ‘‘ They spend millions of dollars coming up with new ways to^ promote junk food consumption. They hire scientists to make new junk food almost irresistible. They might do this, for example, by adding more sugar. Rats fed junk food for six weeks will even walk across a floor that gives them electric shocks just to get more of such food.
Food ads often make unhealthy junk food seem healthy by featuring professional athletes, fit-looking pop stars and smiling, active teens. “We thought when the students learned this, it would matter to them,” Bryan says. He worked with 8th graders at a Texas school. Half of them got a lesson Bryan created. It focused on the ways junk food is advertised, or marketed. A second group received lessons that focused on health. These lessons informed students junk food is had, and that foods like apples or carrots are a better choice. The students learned a bad diet can lead to major weight gain, and that being overweight puts people at risk for serious diseases. They also learned how eating well now can keep you healthy when you’re older.
After the lessons, the kids in both groups were asked how they felt about junk food. Most didn’t have positive feelings about these unhealthy foods.
12. Why does the author mention the questions in paragraph 1?
A. To express his doubts about junk food.
B. To promote the idea of healthy eating.
C. To describe the situation of junk food.
D. To introduce the topic for discussion.
13. What remains a great health challenge to doctors?
A. Making people do more exercise.
B. Making people eat healthily.
C. Making people lose weight.
D. Making people prefer junk food.
14. What message does paragraph 3 mainly try to convey?
A. What makes junk food almost impossible to resist.
B. What influences junk food can have on consumers.
C. How food companies try to get people to reach for junk food.
D. Why food companies promote the consumption of junk food.
15. Which of the following words can best describe Bryan’s lessons?
A. Shocking. B. Popular.
C. Effective. D. Abstract.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。研究表明：让青少年了解食品公司的推销方式比单纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能让他们选择健康的饮食。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文内容可以得知本文介绍了一项研究：让青少年了解食品公司的推销方式比单纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能让他们选择健康的饮食。可以推断出，文章第一段中提及那两个问题Do you know that junk food isn’t healthy? 你知道垃圾食品不健康吗？Do you eat it anyway? 你仍然还吃垃圾食品？ 是为了引出本文要讨论的话题。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中It’s designed to be tasty, which makes eating well one of the great health challenges of our time. Everyone from doctors to the government has been trying to handle it.可知，垃圾食品很美味，这使吃得好成为一个巨大的健康挑战，从医生到政府每一个人都一直在努力应对这一挑战。由此可知，对医生而言，让人们吃得健康依然是一个巨大的健康挑战。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中先提到“食品公司想要消费者想吃垃圾食品”，紧接着说到“它们（食品公司)花巨资想办法推广垃圾食品，它们聘请科学家制作新的垃圾食品，使人们几乎无法抗拒”，接着还举例说“它们可能会往垃圾食品中添加更多的糖”。由此可以推断，作者在本段主要是想告诉读者食品公司是如何想方设法让人们去吃垃圾食品的。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段主要介绍Bryan给德克萨斯州的一所学校的八年级学生们上的课，再根据文章最后一段After the lessons, the kids in both groups were asked how they felt about junk food. Most didn’t have positive feelings about these unhealthy foods.可知，课后当这些孩子被问及他们对垃圾食品的看法时，大多数人对这些不健康的食品都不持正面的看法。由此可以推断，Bryan的课是有效的。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hunger Is Good for You
Hunger is a feeling of discomfort or weakness caused by lack of food. It is accompanied by the desire to eat.___16___
You eat when you feel hungry. It’s this feeding process that has led to some of the many health problems we’re experiencing today. Food timing, portion (份量), and quality contribute to weight gain. You see, the body loves predictability. ___17___ That’s why an eating schedule is necessary for weight loss.
___18___ Think of a newborn baby. It breastfeeds every 3 to 4 hours around the clock. That’s a perfect example of structured eating. Unfortunately, despite having a 3-meal-a-day eating format, not everyone sticks to this. If you decide to lose weight, it’s necessary for you to add stru6_e to your eating habits—eat all meals and snacks at the same time every day similar to a newborn baby.
As your body begins adapting to the new structure, you’ll experience hunger pains. ___19___ Instead, wait it out, stick to your schedule and let the body adapt. You’11 be pleasantly surprised to notice hunger disappearing over 2 to 5 days.
Where does hunger go? During the 2 to 5 days, hunger readjusts and it gets easier to plan. If you give in during the readjustment period, you’11 be stuck at always being hungry, losing weight.
Creating the eating schedule will work wonders food. ___20___ However, 80% of your weight loss。
A. Do remember not to panic.
B. Exercising is good as well.
C. What is an eating schedule?
D Proper eating helps with your health.
E. What’s the easiest way to control hunger?
F. It loves predicting perfectly portioned, well-timed meals.
G. However, short-term hunger is great, especially if you’re trying to lose weight .
【答案】16. G 17. F
18. C 19. A
20. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文给我们介绍了饥饿给我们带来的好处。
【16题详解】
根据空前Hunger is a feeling of discomfort or weakness caused by lack of food. 可知，饥饿是由于缺乏食物而引起的不适或虚弱的感觉。此处作者讨论的是和饥饿相关的话题；结合选项可知，选项G. However, short-term hunger is great, especially if you're trying to lose weight.（然而，短期饥饿是很好的，特别是当你想减肥的时候）与前一句相对比，并引出下文。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据前一句You see, the body loves predictability.可知，我们的身体喜欢可预测性。由此可知，空处将继续谈论预测性相关的话题；故选项F. It loves predicting perfectly portioned, well-timed meals.（它喜欢预测完美分餐、适时的用餐。）符合语境。故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据上一句That's why an eating schedule is necessary for weight loss以及本段下文结构化饮食和饮食计划的例子，可知由此可知，空处将介绍和饮食计划相关的话题。故选项C. What is an eating schedule?（什么是饮食计划？）符合语境。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据空前As your body begins adapting to the new structure, you'll experience hunger pains可知，当你的身体开始适应新的结构时，你会经历饥饿的痛苦；由此可知，空处会谈论如何处理这种情况，且后一句说Instead, wait it out可知本空讲的是不应该做的事。故选项A. Do remember not to panic.（记住不要惊慌。）符合题意。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据空前Creating the eating schedule will work wonders if you're also practicing portion control and eating the right food. 可知，如果你也在练习控制食物的份量和吃对食物，那么制定饮食计划会很有效果。由此可知，空处谈论其它有好处的做法；故选项B. Exercising is good as well.（运动也很好。）符合题意。故选B项。
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1 _ 5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Letting me move into my university dormitory wasn’t an easy decision for my parents. However, they knew if I wanted a good ___21___, I’d have to live away from home. I’d always ___22___ living alone ： the life of no rules and regulations and being independent. So I was ___23___ about this new stage in my life.
___24___,during the first few months of living alone，I’d find myself crying every day. I’d call my mum every day. I ___25___ to fly back home as soon as I got any time off. That was the only thing I was ___26___ about. Coming from a big family, I was ___27___ to noises surrounding me. Therefore, the scary ___28___ at night was the worst. I couldn’t even ___29___without keeping the lights on.
As time went by, I started enjoying the___30___ that came with living alone. I could do things in my own time： eat whenever I want, wake up whenever I want. The space of loneliness was also then ___31___ by friends who became like family, so I ___32___ missing my family less.
When it was time to say goodbye and go back home after my ___33___ I was bittersweet. I’d ___34___ my time alone, learning things which wouldn’t have been ___35___ if I had riever moved away from home. But I’d also missed my family too much.
I’d learned a lot from this ___36___ . Living alone made me value ___37___time even more.I realized that every second with them ___38___ though I might not get the freedom I had while living alone.
I guess it’s ___39___ for everybody, but for me,there is no warmth in a house ___40___ it’s filled with loving members and people you love.
21. A. memory B. occupation C. opportunity D. education
22. A. kept on B. dreamed of C. insisted on D. put off
23. A. delighted B. worried C. serious D. cautious
24. A. Undoubtedly B. Unwillingly C. Unconditionally D. Unexpectedly
25. A. refused B. pretended C. Wanted D. failed
26. A. concerned B. disappointed C. certain D. particular
27. A. deaf B. cruel C. accustomed D. opposed
28. A. boredom B. silence C. darkness D. suffering
29. A. sleep B. talk C. move D. play
30. A. confidence B. safety C. relief D. freedom
31 A. set aside B. taken over C. filled up D. thrown away
32. A. started B. practised C. resisted D. preferred
33. A. recovery B. graduation C. resignation D. promotion
34. A. hated B. desired C. regretted D. enjoyed
35. A. useful B. possible C. reliable D. worthwhile
36. A. adventure B. arrangement C. experience D. challenge
37. A. family B. study C. work D. growth
38. A. flew B. counted C. stayed D. repeated
39. A. hard B. common C. meaningless D. different
40. A. when B. ince C. unless D. though
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. C
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者曾经一直梦想着能够独自生活，但是上大学时离开家人独自住在学生寝室后却又疯狂地想家，这几年的独自生活给作者上了一堂生动的人生课。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而他们知道，如果我想要接受好的教育，我就必须离家而居。A.memory记忆；B.occupation职业；C.opportunity机会；D.education教育。根据上文Letting me move into my university dormitory由进大学可推断，此处讲述的是我接受好的教育。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我总梦想着独自生活：没有各种规章制度，独立自主。A.kept on继续；B.dreamed of梦想；C.insisted on坚持；D.put off推迟。根据语境可知，没有规章制度，独立自主是好的，所以我梦想独立生活。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，对于这个新的人生阶段，我感到非常开心。A.delighted高兴的；B.worried担心的；C.serious严肃的；D.cautious谨慎的。根据句首的so可推断，我梦想独自生活，因此对于这个新的人生阶段，我感到非常开心。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：意想不到的是，在我独自生活的最初几个月中，我发现自己每天都在哭泣。A.Undoubtedly毋庸置疑地；B.Unwillingly不情愿地；C.Unconditionally无条件地；D.Unexpectedly意料不到地。由上文我喜欢独自居住，高兴面对生活中的新阶段可推断，我发现自己每天都在哭泣是意料不到的。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一有时间就想要飞回家中。A.refused拒绝；B.pretended假装；C.wanted想要；D.failed失败。根据上文I'd call my mum every day可推断，我每天都给妈妈打电话，因此推断我想家，一有时间就想要飞回家中。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是我唯一关心的事。A.concerned关心的； B.disappointed感动失望的；C.certain必然的；D.particular特别的。根据上文我一有时间就想要回家可推断，回家是我唯一关心的事情。be concerned about对……关心。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于我来自一个大家庭，我习惯了被各种声音包围着。A.deaf聋的；B.cruel残忍的；C.accustomed习惯的；D.opposed相反的。固定短语be accustomed to…“习惯……”。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，晚上可怕的寂静是最糟糕的。A.boredom无聊；B.silence沉默；寂静；C.darkness黑暗；D.suffering受苦。结合上文I was (7)accustomed to noises surrounding me.可推断，晚上可怕的寂静是最糟糕的。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果不开着灯，我甚至都无法入睡。A.sleep睡觉；B.talk交谈；C.move移动；D.play玩耍。根据上文的at night以及下文without keeping the lights on.可推断，此处指的是晚上如果不开着灯，我甚至都无法入睡。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，我开始喜欢独自生活带来的自由。A.confidence自信；B.safety安全；C.relief宽慰；D.freedom自由。根据下文I could do things in my own time: eat whenever I want, wake up whenever I want.可知，独自生活带来的是自由。故选D。
31题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：孤独的空间也被朋友们给填满了。A.set aside留出；B.taken over接管；C.filled up填满；D.thrown away扔掉。根据下文的friends who became like family推断我和朋友相处和谐，所以孤独的空间也被就像家人的朋友们给填满了。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们就像是我的家人，因此我开始不那么想家了。A.started开始；B.practised练习；C.resisted抵制；D.preferred更喜欢。上文说我什么时候想吃就吃，想什么时候醒来都行，有像家人一样的朋友陪伴，也不孤独了，因此我开始不那么想家了。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕业后当我该回家时，我的心情苦乐参半。A.recovery恢复；B.graduation毕业；C.resignation辞职；D.promotion提升。根据上文When it was time to say goodbye and go back home可知是毕业的时候。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很享受独自生活的时光。A.hated憎恨；B.desired希望；C.regretted遗憾，后悔；D.enjoyed喜欢，享受。根据上一段的内容可推断，我很享受独自生活的时光。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学会了那些我不搬离家就不可能学会的事情。A.useful有用的；B.possible可能的；C.reliable可靠的；D.worthwhile值得的。根据learning things which wouldn’t have been可知此处指的是本不可能学会的事情。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从这段经历中学到了很多。A.adventure冒险经历； B.arrangement安排；C.experience经历；D.challenge挑战。此处指上文提到我离开家独自上学的经历。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：独自生活让我更加珍惜和家人在一起的时间。A.family家人；B.study学习；C.work工作；D.growth成长。根据上文But I'd also missed my family too much.可知，独自生活让我更加珍惜和家人在一起的时间。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到跟他们在一起的每一秒都很重要，尽管我可能得不到独自生活时的自由。A.flew飞行；B.counted重要； C.stayed保持；D.repeated重复。根据上一句：独自生活让我更加珍视家人，所以和家人的每一秒都很重要。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我猜想这对每个人而言可能都不一样。A.hard困难的；B.common常见的；C.meaningless无意义的；D.different不同的。根据下文but for me, there is no warmth in a house表达的是自己的看法，可知，这对每个人而言可能都不一样。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：但对我而言，除非有深爱的家人，否则家是没有温暖的。A.when当……时候；B.since自从……以来；C.unless除非；D.though尽管。根据上下文此处引导条件状语从句。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Kiwis are endangered little birds native to New Zealand. It ___41___ (believe) that these small birds exist as a result of New Zealand’s isolation (隔离）from the other parts of the world, forcing animals there ___42___ ( adapt)and evolve (进化)so as to be able to survive and reproduce. The evolution is what has led to the present___43___(appear) of the kiwi bird.
Kiwis are a national symbol of New Zealand, with the name kiwi ___44___(be) associated with many things in New Zealand including their famous rugby national team.
Kiwis have excellent memories and can remember something that ___45___(happen) as long as five years back. Even though they have feathers, their feathers look and feel ___46___ (much) like hair rather than feathers.
This enables them to be able to hide in a bush and go ___47___ (complete) unnoticed by their natural enemies.
Unlike most birds, the kiwi bird has a great sense of smell ___48___ enables them to sniff out prey (猎物）hidden in bushes and underground.
The smallest kiwi bird has ___49___ height of 45 centimeters and wight of 2 kilograms while the largest kiwi can grow ___50___ 50 centimeters tall and can weigh 3.5 kilograms.
【答案】41. is believed
42. to adapt
43. appearance
44. being 45. happened
46. more 47. completely
48. that/which
49. a 50. to
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。几维鸟是新西兰的特有物种，也是新西兰的国鸟及象征。本文主要简介了几维鸟的相关信息。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：人们认为，这些小鸟的存在是新西兰与世界其他地方隔绝的结果。此处是陈述种客观事实，故应该使用一般现在时；It is believed that “据人们认为……”，因此填一般现在时的被动语态。故填is believed。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：迫使那里的动物适应和进化，以便能够生存和繁殖。forceto do sth.“强迫……做某事”，为固定短语，因此填动词的不定式形式。故填to adapt。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：这种进化导致了几维鸟的出现。present在句中为形容词，因此应该填入所给形容词的名词形式。故填appearance。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：几维鸟是新西兰的国家象征，kiwi这个名字与新西兰的许多事物都有联系，包括新西兰著名的橄榄球队。此处是“with+名词+分词”结构，由于kiwi与动词短语be associated with之间是主动关系，因此填所给词的现在分词形式。故填being。
【45题详解】
考查时态。句意：几维鸟的记忆力很好，他们能记住五年前发生的事情。故应该使用一般过去时，因此应该填入所给动词的过去式。故填happened。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：尽管它们有羽毛，但它们的羽毛看上去和摸起来都更像是茸毛而非羽毛。因此填形容词的比较级。故填more。
【47题详解】
考查副词。句意：这使得它们能够躲在灌木丛中，完全不被天敌发现。此处是用于修饰过去分词unnoticed，因此填副词形式。故填completely。
【48题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：与大多数鸟类不同的是，几维鸟有很强的嗅觉，能够嗅出隐藏在灌木丛和地下的猎物。此处是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是a great sense of smell，指物，且引导词在定语从句中作主语，因此填关系代词that或which，引导该限制性定语从句。故填that/which。
【49题详解】
考查冠词。句意：最小的几维鸟身高45厘米，体重2公斤。have a height of “有……高”，因此填冠词a。故填a。
【50题详解】
考查介词。句意：而最大的几维鸟可以长到50厘米高，重3.5公斤。介词to后接数字表示能到达多高。故填to。
【点睛】第4小题考查了“with+名词+分词”结构。with的复合结构，是由with+复合宾语组成。常在句中做状语，表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等。其构成有下列几种情形：
1.with+名词（或代词）+现在分词。此时，现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上
的主谓关系。例：
1）With prices going up so fast, we can’t afford luxuries.
由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。 （原因状语）
2）With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace.
在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。 （伴随情况）
2.with+名词（或代词）+过去分词。此时，过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上
的动宾关系。例：
1）I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.
我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。 （伴随情况）
2）She had to walk home with her bike stolen.
自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。 （原因状语）
3.with+名词（或代词）+形容词。例：
1）I like to sleep with the windows open.
我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。 （伴随情况）
2）With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it’ll rain presently.
大气这样闷，十之八九要下雨。 （原因状语）
4.with+名词（或代词）+介词短语。例：
1）With the children at school, we can’t take our vacation when we want to.
由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。（原因状语）
2）The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.
士兵让他背朝着他的父亲站在那儿。 （行为方式）
5.with+名词（或代词）副词。例：
1）He fell asleep with the light on.
他睡着了，灯还亮着。 （伴随情况）
2）The boy stood there with his head down.
这个男孩低头站在那儿。 （伴随情况）
6.with+名词（或代词）+动词不定式。此时，不定式表示将发生的动作。例：
1）With no one to talk to, John felt miserable.
由于没人可以说话的人，约翰感到很悲哀。 （原因状语）
2）With a lot of work to do, he wasn’t allowed to go out.
因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。 （原因状语）
第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10）分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1。每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Yesterday morning I was on my way to work. Suddenly I stopped by a woman on the sidewalk. She asked me if I knew how to get to CASS, that is a local shelter for the homeless. I could tell she was extreme upset, so I told her I’d look it up for her on my smartphones. While waiting, she told the she was losing and didn’t have money for the bus. I took out of a 20-dollar bill from my purse but handed it to her. Then I accompany her to the nearest bus stop. See the happy smile on her face brightened up my day, either.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇日记。作者讲叙了昨天在上班路上遇到一个女人并且帮助了她。
【详解】1.考查被动语态。句意：突然我在人行道上被一个女人拦住了。根据by a woman可知，主语I和stop为被动关系，被动语态的构成形式是be+done，此处陈述过去事实，为一般过去时，主语为I，be动词用was。故在stopped前面加was。
2.考查定语从句引导词。分析句子结构，此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰CASS，指代事物。从句缺少主语，需用关系代词引导。故将that改为which。
3.考查副词。upset为形容词，此处修饰形容词需用副词。故将extreme改为extremely。
4.考查名词单复数。句意：我能看出她非常难过，所以我告诉她我会用我的智能手机帮她查一下。根据句意可知此处指的是“我的手机”，需用单数名词。故将smartphones改为smartphone。
5.考查形容词。句意：在等车的时候，她告诉我她迷路了，没有钱坐公共汽车losing作为形容词，意为“失败的，导致失败的”，lost作为形容词，意为“迷路的”，结合语境可知，此处为“迷路的”。故将losing改为lost。
6.考查固定短语。take out为固定短语，意为“拿出，取出”。故将of去掉。
7.考查连词。句意：我从钱包里掏出一张20美元的钞票递给了她。根据上下文可知，此处为顺承关系，故将but改为and。
8.考查动词时态。根据上文中的handed和下文中的brightened可知，此处为一般过去时。故将accompany改为accompanied。
9.考查动名词。分析句子结构可知，此处为动名词短语做主语。故将See改为Seeing。
10.考查副词。句意：看到她脸上幸福的笑容，我的心情也开朗起来。结合语境可知，此处表示“也”，either用于否定句，此处为肯定句，用too。故将either改为too。
【点睛】第9小题中考查了doing是动名词做主语的情况。动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。如：
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
Helping her is my duty. 帮助她是我的责任。
Talking mends no holes. 空谈无济于事。
Working with you is a pleasure. 和你一起工作是一种乐趣。
动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样，也可以用it作形式主语。如：
It's rather tiring walking around in a city.
第二节书面表达(满分25分)：
52.假定你是李华，你的美国网友Mike因工作出色被公司奖励中国十日游，他来信请你推荐旅游路线。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示祝贺；
2.推荐旅游路线；
3.期待回复。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mike
I’m glad to know that you’ve been awarded by your company a ten-day tour of China because of your outstanding performance at work. Congratulations!
To guarantee you an enjoyable and unforgettable trip in China, I’ d like to recommend you one of the most popular and classic traveling routes. That is, a guided ten-day tour of Beijing, Shanghai and Hainan. During the trip, you can see many ancient historical sites, enjoy amazingly beautiful scenery, experience different Chinese traditions and cultures, and taste various Chinese cuisines. I’ m sure you’ll be deeply impressed by all of these.
What do you think of my recommendation? Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件。请你向Mike推荐旅游路线。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时
结构：三段式结构：第一段表达祝贺；第二段推荐路线；第三段期待回信。
要求：1.表示祝贺；
2.推荐旅游路线；
3.期待回复。
第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）
ten-day；outstanding；performance；congratulations；guarantee；recommend；one of the most …；historical sites；beautiful scenery；traditions and cultures；Chinese cuisines；be impressed by；recommendation；look forward to等
第三步：连词成句
1. I’m glad to know that you’ve been awarded by your company a ten-day tour of China because of your outstanding performance at work.
2. I’ d like to recommend you one of the most popular and classic traveling routes. T
3. you can see many ancient historical sites, enjoy amazingly beautiful scenery, experience different Chinese traditions and cultures, and taste various Chinese cuisines.
4. I’ m sure you’ll be deeply impressed by all of these.
5. What do you think of my recommendation?
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
That is；and等
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多高分句式，如：I’m glad to know that you’ve been awarded by your company a ten-day tour of China because of your outstanding performance at work.使用了that引导的宾语从句以及because引导的原因状语从句；I’ d like to recommend you one of the most popular and classic traveling routes.使用了I would like to…句式以及one of the …短语；you can see many ancient historical sites, enjoy amazingly beautiful scenery, experience different Chinese traditions and cultures, and taste various Chinese cuisines.使用了动宾短语的并列；I’ m sure you’ll be deeply impressed by all of these.使用了that省略的宾语从句等。此外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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