河南省2020届高三上学期第一次联考英语试题


天一大联考“顶尖计划”2020届高中毕业班第一次考试
英语试题
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?
A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does Mrs Lamb want William to do?
A. Paint the wall. B. Pay for the glass. C. Help cut the grass.
2. How much will the man pay?
A. $5. B. $10. C. $20.
3. What does the woman want to do with the washing machine?
A. Throw it away. B. Have it repaired. C. Sell it to Nelson.
4. Which flight will the man take?
A. 10:20. B.11:00. C. 11:45
5. What is Jennifer going to do?
A. Buy some paper. B. Check her work. C. Start a business.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a bus stop. B. At an activity centre. C. At an information desk.
7. What will the man probably do?
A. Buy a book. B. Go to a festival. C. Visit the woman.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where are the speakers?
A. At the theater. B. At the hospital. C. At the railway station.
9. What does the woman do?
A. She’s a driver B. She’s a singer. C. She’s a doctor.
10. What did the man do to help the woman?
A. Book the hotel. B. Look after Alan. C. Play in the concert.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the woman doing?
A. Asking for advice. B. Chairing a meeting. C. Hosting a program.
12 When was Bergen founded?
A. In 1070. B. In the 1200s. C. In the 1830s.
13. What does Mr Wilson suggest people do in Bergen?
A. Read a fairy tale. B. Walk around the city. C. Buy a wooden house.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Strangers. B. Roommates. C. Neighbors.
15. Where did Paul get the information about the flat?
A. From a good friend. B. From Mrs Hamilton. C. From the newspaper.
16. How many bedrooms are there in the flat?
A. Three. B. Two. C. One.
17. What does the woman ask Paul to do?
A. Pay the rent first. B. Come to see the flat. C. Call her this afternoon.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Who has become the Union Party leader?
A. Robert Tennen. B. Harry Johnson. C. Jim Hardy.
19. What will happen to 10th Street tomorrow?
A. It will be closed. B. It will be cleaned. C. It will be rebuilt.
20. What will the weather be like tomorrow?
A. Sunny. B. Snowy C. Rainy.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
English teachers needed immediately for schools in China
About Us
Shenzhen Cambridge Culture International Education is an education solution provider that was founded in 2014 and its main office is in Shenzhen and is contracted by education departments across China to hire and manage foreign teachers for schools.
We are not an agency. We hire and manage you from the start (getting on the plane) to finish (returning home )! We offer visa support, teacher training, lesson planning guidance and the chance to meet other participants before you go to China. And our programmes are designed to ensure you arrive in China feeling confident, prepared and supported, so that you can make the most of this incredible opportunity.
Benefits
＊ TEFL Certificate course assistance
＊ Work visa(Z visa) sponsored
＊ Flight allowance
＊ Pre-arrival training and orientation
＊ Airport pickup, bank, phone card, and apartment rental assistance
＊ Accident insurance
＊ Three nights’ free hotel on arrival
＊ Salary range: 11,000RMB ( 1,608USD) - 18,000RMB (2,631USD) per month ( 150% - 200% above local average)
＊ Performance bonus
＊ Teaching hours being less than 13 hours per week
＊ Chinese public holidays & Summer vacation
＊ Ongoing teacher mentoring and assessment ( classroom observations, seminar and monthly training sessions)
＊Chinese Lesson (2 hours/week)
＊Part-time opportunities (We use our large and knowledgeable alumni community to help our teachers connect and find new opportunities so you can develop your skills and career path outside the classroom ! )
Position
● Student Ages: kindergarten (3 -6 years old); Primary (6 -12 years old); Middle School (13 -19 years old)
● Classroom fully equipped with computer, projector, board, and microphone
● Curriculum and teaching materials provided
● Local teacher assistant
Requirements
● 10 - 12 months’ contract
● Bachelor’s Degree(学士学位) or above in any field
● 120-hour TEFL certificate required
● Native-English speaking level
● Hold a passport from the U. S. A. , Canada, Australia, U. K. , South Africa, New Zealand, or Ireland
● Age from 20 years old to 55 years old (visa requirement)
Living and working in China will be a wonderful opportunity. Come and join us!
Company Website: http ://www. cambridgeculture. com
1. What can we know about Shenzhen Cambridge Culture International Education?
A. It has a history of more than a decade.
B. It has the Chinese government as a sponsor.
C. Its main task is to train foreign teachers for Chinese schools.
D. It provides a service package for foreign teachers to work in China.
2. What benefit can teachers get from working with the organization?
A. One week’ s free hotel. B. Medical insurance.
C. Higher salary than local average. D. Legal aid during public holidays.
3. Who may be qualified for the position?
A. A Canadian who hasn’ t got the TEFL certificate.
B. An experienced English teacher who is 65 years old.
C. A professor who can only work in China for half a year.
D. A native English speaker who has a Doctor’ s Degree in education.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。本文是一则英语外教招聘通知。招聘外教的单位是深圳剑桥文化国际教育中心，这是一所与中国教育部签订了聘请并管理外教合同的机构。另外，文中还提到了在该机构工作的福利、该机构的地理位置、该机构的应聘要求。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中第二段第二句提到“We hire and manage you from the start (getting on the plane) to finish (returning home )!”该机构会对招聘来的外教从上飞机那一刻开始一直管理到回家。同时，第三句还提到“We offer visa support, teacher training, lesson planning guidance and the chance to meet other participants before you go to China”该机构会给外教提供签证、培训、教学指导、结识其他参与者等服务。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章benefits部分的salary range，外教老师的工资为11000至18000人民币，比当地的平均工资水平要高出150%-200%，因此外教老师能在该机构获得高薪水的福利。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章中requirements部分，可以判断外教老师需要TEFL certificate“英语教师资格证书培训项目”，故A项错误。外教年龄“Age from 20 years old to 55 years old”20岁-55岁，故B项错误。外教需签署10-12个月的合同，即“10 - 12 months’ contract”，故C项错误。外教学历的要求为学士及以上“Bachelor’s Degree(学士学位) or above in any field”，故D项正确。

B
Jim McGee was once an Air Force pilot in Vietnam. In 2017, he was seriously ill because his kidneys(肾)were gone.
Jim immediately started dialysis (透析), but a person of his age on dialysis usually lives only about four years. Transplants are a long-shot alternative. The National Kidney Foundation estimates that 13 people die every day while waiting for a donor with the right blood and tissue types. Jim’ s wife, Shirley McGee, and some family friends offered but weren’t a match.
Desperate, Shirley had T-shirts made that said “I’ m in need of a donor.” Her husband would wear one whenever he went to downtown Sarasota. No luck.
In early 2018, Jim didn’t feel like attending a reunion of some Air Force buddies in Monterey, California. “I said, ‘Is it really worth going to Monterey to sit in dialysis for two days?’” Jim recalls. “And my wife said, ‘ Yeah, come on. You really want to see your friends. ’ And I am glad I made that decision.”
In California, Jim reunited with six fellow airmen, including one he hadn’ t seen in nearly 50 years: Doug Coffman. The two had met when they both were learning Vietnamese before they went overseas. Jim told Doug and his other comrades about his predicament(困境),
Doug, then 70, happened to have the right blood type and immediately decided to help.
But could he? Shirley’ s guess was that doctors would tell Doug what they had told her: You’re too old.
He immediately had his doctor send his medical records to Georgetown Medical Center, where Jim was being treated.
Within a month, Doug was cleared for major testing. The testing revealed not only that Doug’ s tissue type matched Jim’ s but also that he had the kidneys of a 35-year-old.
When the doctors gave him the OK to donate, Doug immediately called Jim, and asked for the first surgery date available. On September 18, 2018, Doug went into surgery at 7: 30 a. m.; Jim followed at 9: 30 a.m. By noon, they were both in the recovery room. The transplant was a success.
4. Which of the following can best describe Shirley?
A. Helpful and considerate. B. Reasonable and energetic.
C. Outgoing and thankful. D. Knowledgeable and talkative.
5. How did Jim feel about his illness just before going to Monterey?
A. Satisfied. B. Discouraged. C. Ashamed. D. Nervous.
6. Why did Jim McGee decide to go to Monterey?
A. To seek help. B. To practice Vietnamese.
C. To meet his fellow airmen. D. To have a thorough examination there.
7. What can we know about Doug Coffman?
A. He was too old to help. B. He seldom visited his doctor.
C. He acted without delay in helping Jim. D. He was 35 years younger than his age.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了空军飞行员Jim McGee因为肾脏不见而病的非常严重，从而需要每天透析，但透析也只能维持四年的生命。Jim McGee和他的妻子迫切地寻找着捐赠者但都徒劳无功。2018年Jim McGee极不情愿地去参加了空军飞行员的聚会，在聚会上他向他的同伴讲述了自己的困境，正好Doug与Jim McGee的血型相符，虽然Doug年纪大了，但Doug的各项检查结果都非常好，最终他们完成了捐献。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。文中第二段最后一句提到“Jim’ s wife, Shirley McGee, and some family friends offered but weren’t a match.” Jim的妻子Shirley和几个家庭成员都想捐献肾脏给Jim，但是没有成功。同时，第三段又提到“Shirley had T-shirts made that said “I’ m in need of a donor.””Shirley穿着印有“我需要捐赠者”的T恤来帮助Jim找到捐献者。另在文中第四段提到“And my wife said, ‘ Yeah, come on. You really want to see your friends.”，Jim本来不打算参加聚会，但是在妻子Shirley的鼓励下，Jim还是去参加了聚会，最终受到了捐赠。可以说明Shirley是一个愿意帮助且体贴的人。B. Reasonable and energetic.合理、充满活力。C. Outgoing and thankful.外向、感激的，D. Knowledgeable and talkative.知识渊博、能言善道。故A项正确。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。文章第二段提到“…13 people die every day…”每天都有13个人因为等不到捐献者死亡，这给Jim增加了心理上的压力，在第三段提到“Desperate …No luck.”虽然Jim的妻子通过宣传的形式想为Jim找到捐献者，但也是徒劳无功。所以Jim感到非常的沮丧。A. Satisfied.满意的，B. Discouraged.沮丧的，C. Ashamed.羞愧的，D. Nervous.焦虑的。故B项正确。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。文章第四段提到“And my wife said, ‘ Yeah, come on. You really want to see your friends. ’ And I am glad I made that decision.” Jim妻子鼓励他去参见聚会，鼓励他去见见他的朋友，Jim到了之后也觉得自己做了个正确的决定。故C项正确。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。在文章中第6段提到“…immediately decided to help”，第8段“He immediately had his doctor…”、第10段“…Doug immediately called Jim…”出现了三次“immediately”立刻地，Doug得知Jim的情况后“立刻”决定帮助，“立刻”联系了自己的医生，在得知检查结果后“立刻”安排了手术，说明了Doug是毫不犹豫地帮助Jim。故C项正确。
【点睛】同学们在做题时要留意在文章中反复出现的词。1. 反复出现可表示强调。表达作者的情感态度等。2. 前后文呼应。强调该词在文中的作用。如在第四题中，询问关于Doug Coffman的情况，在文中可发现出现了三次immediately立刻地，可以发现作者使用该词来强调Doug Coffman处理事情的及时，即答案选C。

C
A survey in the Philippines has shown the country uses a “shocking” amount of single-use plastic, including nearly 60 billion sachets (小袋) a year, a new report said Friday. The report, produced by the non-governmental organization GAIA, is part of an effort to collect data on plastic consumption as environmentalists push for government action to reduce plastic waste.
It contains shocking figures: every day, almost 48 million shopping bags are used throughout the Philippines, adding up to more than 17 billion a year. And that figure does not include the smaller, thinner and often transparent plastic bags known as “labo” bags—around 16.5 billion of those are used per year across the country, the report says. The figures are based on 21 waste assessments conducted in 13 cities across the Philippines, with the national figures produced by extrapolating(推断) from local results.
More than half of non-recyclable plastic analyzed in the survey came from sachets—small plastic packets often lined with aluminium or containing other materials that make them non-recyclable. Small portions of products ranging from coffee to shampoo are often sold in sachets in the Philippines, and are seen as an affordable solution for consumers.
But Grate said the popularity appeared to be more a result of what is available, with wealthier consumers simply buying multiple sachets. “If you go to the supermarkets, it’ s rare for you to be able to buy coffee in bigger containers; it’s all in sachets,” he said.
The survey is the first time an organization has tried to quantify(确定数量) sachet use, and the NGO hopes to pressure both the government and industry to take action on controlling single-use plastic. The report found that where local-level plastic bag bans have been put in place and strictly enforced, usage has dropped dramatically.
It urged the government to “institute a comprehensive national plastic bag ban that promotes reusable bags”. And it wants regulations on other single-use plastic products and rules requiring companies to redesign products and packaging to minimize plastic waste.
8. What’ s the purpose of GAIA in carrying out the survey?
A. To show how shocking the amount of plastic waste can be.
B. To get people and the government know better about its final goal.
C. To collect accurate numbers of plastic bags used in the whole country.
D. To help make the government take measures to reduce plastic waste.
9. Why can’t many sachets be recycled?
A. They are not made of only plastic.
B. They won’ t last long after being buried.
C. They cost less to be made than recycled.
D. They can naturally change to a simpler chemical form.
10. Which is a reason for the popularity of sachets in the Philippines?
A. They can’ t be easily afforded. B. Big containers are rarely available.
C. Shopping bags are often transparent. D. They are more environmentally friendly.
11. How can companies help reduce plastic waste according to GAIA?
A. By producing fewer products.
B. By inventing new recycling machines.
C. By donating money to recycling companies.
D. By using as little plastic as possible on their products.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了非政府组织GAIA在菲律宾的调查显示，菲律宾一年要使用600亿塑料袋。这一数据并不包括在全国范围内使用的165亿个labo袋，因为在菲律宾，咖啡或者洗发水都是以小袋装的形式售卖的。非政府组织希望给政府及企业施压，不要使用如此多的一次性塑料。同时也希望能制定一系列关于一次性塑料的规范及条例，以尽可能减少塑料污染。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段最后一句提到“is part of an effort to collect data on plastic consumption as environmentalists push for government action to reduce plastic waste”该研究的提出是为了环保主义者推动政府减少塑料浪费的一部分努力结果。故D项正确。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。文中第三段提到“small plastic packets often lined with aluminium or containing other materials that make them non-recyclable.”这种小塑料袋是加了铝或其他物质，所以才会很难回收。如果成分仅仅是塑料，回收则相对容易。故A项正确。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。文章第三段提到菲律宾的咖啡、洗发水等物都是使用小袋进行售卖的，这是相对消费者而言较为实惠的方法。第四段也引用了Grate的观点“If you go to the supermarkets, it’ s rare for you to be able to buy coffee in bigger containers; it’s all in sachets”，在菲律宾的超市里很少能见到用大的容器来贩卖咖啡的，都是用小袋子卖的。故B项正确。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。文章倒数第二段提到“the NGO hopes to pressure both the government and industry to take action on controlling single-use plastic.”非政府组织希望向政府和企业施压，控制一次性塑料的使用。报告发现，在地方一级的塑料袋禁令已经实施并严格执行，使用量已大幅下降。故D项正确。

D
The negative health effects of sleep shortages during the week can’ t be changed by marathon weekend sleep sessions, according to a new study.
Researchers have long known that routine sleep deprivation(缺乏) can cause weight gain and increase other health risks, including diabetes. But there are still some people who hope that shutting off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remove any ill effects.
The research, published in Current Biology, ruins those hopes. Despite complete freedom to sleep in and nap during a weekend recovery period, participants in a sleep laboratory who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays gained nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced metabolic disruption(代谢紊乱) that would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term. While weekend recovery sleep had some benefits after a single week of insufficient sleep, those gains were wiped out when people returned right to their same sleep schedule the next Monday.
“If there are benefits of catch-up sleep, they’ re gone when you go back to your routine. It’ s very short-lived,” said Kenneth Wright, who oversaw the research. “These health effects are long-term. It’ s kind of like smoking once was—people would smoke and wouldn’ t see an immediate effect on their health, but people will say now that smoking is not a healthy lifestyle choice. I think sleep is in the early phase of where smoking used to be.”
Wright said that the study suggests people should prioritize sleep—cutting out the optional “sleep stealers” such as watching television shows or spending time on electronic devices. Even when people don’t have a choice about losing sleep due to child-care responsibilities or job schedules, they should think about prioritizing sleep in the same way they would think about a healthy diet or exercise.
12. What had the researchers already known before doing the new research?
A. The actual benefits of weekend recovery sleep.
B. Harm to health caused by the lack of routine sleep.
C. People’ s habit of shutting off the alarm during holidays.
D. The relationship between body weight and sleep amount.
13. Kenneth Wright mentioned smoking to _________.
A. call on smokers to completely abandon smoking
B. advise people to go to sleep when they want to smoke
C. show people have known the harm brought by smoking
D. show people will someday notice the bad effects of sleep deprivation
14. What does the underlined word “prioritize” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Putting tasks in order of importance.
B. Getting more than enough of something to deposit it.
C. Cutting down something that is not necessary any more.
D. Treating something as being more important than others.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Weekend catch-up sleep is a lie.
B. Bad sleep habits are harmful to health.
C. Smoking is not the worst thing to health.
D. A new study has an unexpected discovery.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章提到，根据一项新的研究马拉松式的周末睡眠无法改变一周中睡眠不足对健康的负面影响。研究者发现平常睡眠的缺乏可能会导致一系列身体问题，如肥胖、糖尿症。研究发现每周只睡五小时的实验者在两周长了3磅并引起了代谢紊乱。虽然在周末恢复睡眠能有一定的好处，但工作日时如果又回到相同的睡眠时间，这些好处就会化为乌有。研究者表示，人们日常生活中要优先保证睡眠以保证身体健康。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。文中第二段第一句提到“Researchers have long known that routine sleep deprivation(缺乏) can cause weight gain and increase other health risks, including diabetes.”研究者在做新研究之前就已经知道睡眠的缺乏会导致肥胖、糖尿病等健康危机。have long known意为早就知道，即在研究前就知道。故B项正确。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。文中第四段第一句提到“…It’ s very short-lived”，短暂睡眠的益处是非常短暂的，同时提到“It’ s kind of like smoking once was—people would smoke and wouldn’t see an immediate effect on their health, but people will say now that smoking is not a healthy lifestyle choice.”之前人们抽烟时并不理会当下抽烟对于健康的影响。但现在的人们会说抽烟不是一个健康的生活方式。此处将抽烟与睡眠缺乏做类比。故D项正确。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。文中最后一段第一句中出现破折号，破折号的用法为解释说明前面某词的含义。文中提到“cutting out the optional “sleep stealers” such as watching television”，cut out意为停止，停止“睡眠小偷”对睡眠的影响，即保证睡眠。Prioritize意为“优先处理”，在文章中意为优先保证睡眠。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段提到“马拉松式周末睡眠期无法改变一周睡眠短缺对健康的负面影响，”开篇即点题，但并不没有提到unexpected出乎意料的，故D项错误。第二段第一句中提到，研究员很早之前就知道睡眠不足对健康的危害，但在其他段落没有继续陈述其危害故B项错误。C项中smoking只是在倒数第二段中作为例子进行类比，故C项错误。故选A。

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Getting along with people can be tough. The following are some suggestions that can help you in some way.
Accept human nature. Humans make mistakes. People aren’ t always nice. They also have all of the problems that you have in your life. ___16___ This is important to remember when you’ re trying to get along with people who are very difficult or seem to be ignoring you; everyone is just doing the best that they can.
___17___ People are all very different: that’ s what makes life interesting. And just like people are all different, the world is also very complex. Every situation is different, always. Just because someone doesn’ t make the choice that you would make or just because they take a less efficient or smart path to get where they’re going doesn’t make them wrong.
Practice forgiveness. Forgive people when they do make mistakes. Sometimes you just have to stop and give people the benefit of the doubt ( to believe someone even though you are not sure whether what the person is saying is true). They might really be sorry or they might really not know that what they did was bad. ___18___
Keep an open mind. Sometimes you have to give people the benefit of the doubt. ___19___ For example, when people invite you to parties, really consider going instead of just brushing the invitation aside because you don’ t think they’re serious.
Do something together. ___20___ You can work together on a project for school or work. You can also try a new activity together. These activities will give you more to talk about and lots of chances to interact and get to know each other.
A. Think about what your words really say.
B. Respect that there are lots of valid choices.
C. Everyone is dealing with their own set of problems.
D. Doing things together is a great way to bond with people and make friends.
E. You have to forgive them so that you can move on to happier feelings.
F. You might think that they hate you but they might be honestly trying to be nice to you.
G. Even when someone’ s making you mad, thank them for their effort to help or their suggestions.
【答案】16. C 17. B
18. E 19. F
20. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了与人交往时的建议。1. 接受人类的本性。每个人都会犯错误，也会有着和你相同的问题，但要记住每个人在和别人相处的时候有可能已经是做到他的最好了。2. 尊重合理的选择。每个个体都是不同的，这也是生命的有趣之处。和你选择不一样也不代表别人是错的。3. 练习宽恕。在别人犯错的时候要学会原谅。他们可能真的会感到抱歉或者不知道自己做的是错的。4. 保持心胸开阔。有时候你觉得别人可能不喜欢你，但别人可能在试着对你好。5. 共同完成某事。共同做事是将你和其他人连在一起的纽带。这些活动也能让你们能有共同的话题。
【16题详解】
在第二段第二句提到“Humans make mistakes.”是人都会犯错的，而这是人类的本性，你有的问题别人也会有。选项C“每个人都在处理自己的事情”承接上文。该选项中的problems与前句中的problems前后呼应。故选C项。
【17题详解】
由第三段最后一句提到“与自己的选择不一样的也不代表他的选择是错的”，B选项中的choice与最后一句中的choice前后呼应。故选B项。
【18题详解】
第四段空处需选择一句总结性句子。第四段给出的建议为“练习宽恕”，E选项中“你要选择原谅他们，这样才会过的开心”，与第四段第一句呼应，故选E项。
【19题详解】
文中第五段提到“保持心胸开阔”，并举了一个例子：别人在邀请你去派对时，认为你一定会去而不是把请柬放在一旁。F选项中提到“你有可能认为别人是讨厌你，但别人是想对你好”，与本段中的例子相呼应，故选F项。
【20题详解】
文中第六段提到“共同完成某事”。D选项中“一起做某事是和人交往、交朋友好方式”切题。故选D项。
【点睛】分析本文的语篇结构，可以知道第一段是文章的主题句，然后接下来各段的语篇结构都是主题句（总）+支撑句（分）（分述主题的具体内容/说明原因/举例证明等）。本文第二段主旨句应为“Just because someone doesn’ t make the choice that you would make or just because they take a less efficient or smart path to get where they’re going doesn’t make them wrong.”别人和你做不一样的选择，或者别人选了低效率的或其他的道路也不代表别人是错的，B选项中的choice与该主旨句中的choice相呼应，故选B。

第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My son Daniel’ s passion (激情) for surfing ___21___ at the age of 13. Before and after school each day he went surfing with his ___22___. Daniel’ s love of the sport was ___23___ one afternoon.
The lifeguard ___24___ over the phone to my husband Mike that my son had been ___25___ by the point of the board. Mike ___26___ him to the emergency room and Daniel received 26 stitches from the corner of his eye to the bridge of his nose.
I was ___27___ home from a speaking engagement while Daniel’s eye was being stitched. Mike drove ___28___ to the airport after they left the doctor’ s office. He ___29___ me at the gate and told me Daniel was waiting in the car.
I ran to the car so ___30___ that the heel of my shoe broke off. I swung open the door, and Daniel was leaning forward with both arms ___31___ toward me crying, “Oh, Ma, I’ m so glad you’ re home.”
I sobbed in his arms telling him how ___32___ I felt about not being there when the lifeguard called.
“It’s okay, Mom,” he ___33___ me. “I’ ll be fine. The doctor says I can go back in the water in eight days.”
“What?” I asked.
I told him he wasn’ t ___34___ to go near water again until he was 35.
For the next seven days he kept ___35___ me to let him go back on the board. One day after I ___36___ “No” to him, he beat me at my own game.
“Mom, you ___37___ us never to give up what we love.”
I ___38___.
Back then Daniel was just a boy who was ___39___ about surfing. Now he’ s a man with responsibility. He has a(n)___40___among the top 25 professional surfers in the world.
I was tested in my own backyard on an important principle that I taught audiences in distant cities: “Passionate people embrace(拥抱)what they love and never give up.”
21. A. ended B. began C. paused D. decreased
22. A. competitors B. colleagues C. parents D. companions
23. A. researched B. improved C. tested D. managed
24. A. reported B. demanded C. required D. conducted
25. A. injured B. shot C. attacked D. occupied
26. A. dragged B. walked C. rushed D. fetched
27. A. leaving B. running C. wandering D. flying
28. A. directly B. steadily C. cautiously D. secretly
29. A. accepted B. greeted C. blamed D. dismissed
30. A. naturally B. happily C. fast D. heavily
31. A. settled down B. reached out C. fastened up D. sought out
32. A. normal B. relaxed C. calm D. awful
33. A. comforted B. discouraged C. hurt D. protected
34. A. forced B. charged C. limited D. allowed
35. A. scolding B. consulting C. pressing D. instructing
36. A. agreed B. ignored C. repeated D. avoided
37. A. taught B. warned C. reminded D. persuaded
38. A. took up B. gave in C. came out D. insisted on
39. A. doubtful B. worried C. nervous D. enthusiastic
40. A. situation B. position C. impression D. presentation
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者儿子对冲浪十分热爱，但不小心受伤，作者不允许儿子再继续冲浪，但儿子劝说了作者继续自己热爱的运动，最终在世界比赛中拥有了自己的一席之地。
【21题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我儿子丹尼尔在13岁时开始了对冲浪的激情。A. ended，结束。B. began，开始。 C. paused ，暂停。D. decreased，降低。该空后一句提到，儿子每天下课之后都要和同学去冲浪，说明儿子对于冲浪的热情非常高涨。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：他每天课后都要和朋友一起去冲浪。A. competitors对手，B. colleagues同事，C. parents，家长D. companions朋友。第一段第二句提到的是before and after school，说明儿子还在读书，因此和他去冲浪的只能是他的同学、朋友。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：一天下午，Daniel对于运动的热爱受到了考验。A. researched研究，B. improved提高、改善，C. tested测试，D. managed管理。根据第二段内容，Daniel在一次运动过程中受伤，很有可能会影响到他对运动的喜爱和热情，即受到了考验。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：救生员在手机上向我的丈夫Mike说到我的儿子被计分板伤到了。A. reported报告、汇报，B. demanded需要、请求，C. required请求，D. conducted实施。作者的丈夫不在现场，因此在作者儿子受伤的时候，救生员只能通过手机与作者的丈夫联系。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：救生员在手机上向我的丈夫Mike说到我的儿子被计分板伤到了。A. injured伤害，B. shot射击，C. attacked攻击，D. occupied占领。B、C、D三个选项多以“人”为主语，表示主动发出的动作，与文章意思不符，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：Mike冲到急诊室…。A. dragged拖、拉，B. walked走，C. rushed冲，D. fetched拿来。儿子受伤之后，Mike十分紧张儿子的情况，因此非常快速的赶去急救室。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：当Daniel的眼睛缝针的时候，我正在从辩证会飞回家的路上。A. leaving离开，B. running跑，C. wandering漫步，D. flying飞。由第三段的第二句提到“…to the airport”，Mike去了机场接作者，说明作者乘坐的是飞机，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：在他们离开医生那里后，Mike就直接开到机场。A. directly直接地，B. steadily稳定地，C. cautiously谨慎地，D. secretly秘密地。文章第二段提到作者的丈夫很快赶到急救室，作者则是在乘飞机回家的路上，作者的丈夫要接作者回家，说明作者的丈夫是直接去了机场。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：他在门口迎接我，告诉我Daniel在车里等着。A. accepted接受，B. greeted迎接，C. blamed责备，D. dismissed开除、驳回。该空前一句提到作者的丈夫开车到机场接作者，并在门口迎接作者，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：我快速地跑向车，跑的太快了以至于我的鞋跟都坏掉了。A. naturally自然地，B. happily开心地，C. fast，快速地，D. heavily沉重地。该句提到“the heel of my shoe broke off”作者的鞋跟都跑坏了，说明作者跑的非常快。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：Daniel伸出手往前靠向我，哭着说：“妈妈，你回来我真的太开心了。”A. settled down定居，B. reached out伸出手，C. fastened up系牢，D. sought out找出。Daniel因为受伤只能在车上等作者，第五段也提到“I sobbed in his arms”作者在儿子的臂弯里抽泣，说明二人是一个拥抱的姿势。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：我在他臂弯里抽泣，告诉他当救生员打电话时我不在他身边，我感到非常可怕。A. normal普通的，B. relaxed放松的，C. calm冷静的，D. awful可怕的。Daniel受伤时伤口缝了26针，作为母亲对于孩子受伤是非常难过的，而且在孩子受伤时不在身边会感到更加难过。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：“没事的，妈妈。”他安慰我。A. comforted安慰，B. discouraged阻止，C. hurt伤害，D. protected保护。前文中提到Daniel的伤口缝了26针，但Daniel却对作者说他没事，说明Daniel是在安慰作者。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我告诉他，35岁之前他都不准再去水边了。A. forced强迫，B. charged收费、充电、指责，C. limited限制，D. allowed允许。在文章第六段提到“I can go back in the water in eight days.” Daniel想在伤好后继续进行运动，作者表示非常的震惊。作者担心Daniel的安全，因此不允许他在去水边。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：在接下来的七天内，他一直督促我让我同意他回到冲浪板上。A. scolding责备，B. consulting咨询，C. pressing敦促，D. instructing指示。第六段提到Daniel想在伤好后就去冲浪，但作者一直不同意，Daniel只好每天缠着作者同意。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：有一天当我重复对他说“不”之后，他使我哑口无言。A. agreed同意，B. ignored忽视，C. repeated重复，D. avoided避免。Daniel每天缠着作者同意他去冲浪，但作者担心他的安全一直都不同意，故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：“妈妈，你教我们永远不要放弃我们热爱的东西。” A. taught教育，B. warned警告，C. reminded提醒，D. persuaded说服。父母是孩子的老师，会教育孩子很多人生道理。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：我让步了。A. took up拿起，B. gave in让步，C. came out现身，D. insisted on坚持。文章第九段提到“he beat me at my own game.”Daniel的话让我哑口无言，他说作者曾经教过他不要放弃自己喜欢的东西，因为这句话作者受到了触动，因此做出了让步，故选B。
【39题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：那时的Daniel只是个对冲浪很有热情的小男孩。A. doubtful怀疑的，B. worried担忧的，C. nervous焦虑的，D. enthusiastic热情的。前文提到，Daniel就算受了很重的伤，但仍然要求继续运动，说明Daniel对于冲浪十分的热爱，故选D。
【40题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：现在他在世界前25名的冲浪选手中有着自己的一席之地。A. situation情况，B. position位置，C. impression印象，D. presentation呈现。文章倒数第二段提到“Now he’ s a man with responsibility.”现在的Daniel是个有责任感的人。Daniel也用自己的实际行动证明了当初的那句话“永远不要放弃自己热爱的东西”，现在的他在世界冲浪选手中有了自己的位置。故选B。

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
You may have heard of the Red Cross. It is an ___41___ (organize) that helps people who are in need no matter ___42___ bad the situation is ! But if not for the passion of a young woman named Clara Barton, the American Red Cross may have never been formed!
One day when she was 11 years old, her elder brother was ___43___(terrible) injured. He was ill for two years. Clara cared for him ___44___ whole time. Through this experience she found out that she came alive when she cared for others.
Soon, Clara began taking care of injured animals. Neighbors began bringing their pets to her. And, almost always, she made them better.
When she was older, she became a nurse in the American Civil War and she helped save hundreds of ___45___(soldier).
After the Civil War, Clara traveled to Europe to rest. ___46___ that did not last long. Soon she was caring for ___47___ (wound) people in battle once again! But this time, she learned about the Red Cross who worked alongside her on the battlefield. Their mission was to help those who needed it most.
She decided that the Red Cross ___48___ (need) in America. Over several years, she asked 4 different presidents ___49___ (bring) the Red Cross to America. They all said no. But then, thanks
___50___ her persistence(坚持), one of the presidents changed his mind! And the American Red Cross was born.
【答案】41. organization
42. how 43. terribly
44. the 45. soldiers
46. But 47. wounded
48. was needed
49. to bring
50. to
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国红十字会成立的历史。Clara Barton在11岁时照顾她生病的哥哥，之后还照顾着一些受伤的小动物。当她长大后，她在美国内战时照顾了受伤的士兵，最后在她的坚持和努力下，美国红十字会终于诞生了。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：这是一个会帮助那些无论情况多糟糕的人的组织。冠词an后应接名词。故填organization。
【42题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：这是一个会帮助那些无论情况多糟糕的人的组织。no matter how为固定搭配，意为无论怎样。故填how。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：当她11岁的时候，她的哥哥受了非常严重的伤。was injured为动词，需副词对其修饰。故填terribly。
【44题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：一直以来Clara都在照顾她的哥哥。the whole time意为整个时间，一直。故填the。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：当她长大后，她成为了一名美国内战时的护士。她帮助拯救了成百上千的士兵。Hundreds of意为成百上千的，of后的名词需用复数形式。故填soldiers。
46题详解】
考查连词。句意：内战结束后，Clara去欧洲旅游休假，但这并没有持续很长时间。第五段提到“Soon she was caring for… in battle once again!” Clara去了欧洲休假，但她又开始帮助那些在战争中受伤的人。说明她的休假并没有维持很久。因此需填一个转折意味的连词，说明前后内容的转折。故填But。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：很快她又开始帮助那些在战争中受伤的人。people意味人们，是名词，该词前需要形容词对其进行修饰。故填wounded。
【48题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：她决定在美国也需要红十字会。在从句中America应是动作的执行者，因此Red cross做主语时应使用被动语态，故填was needed。
【49题详解】
考查固定结构。句意：这段时间以来，她请求4名总统将红十字会带去美国。ask sb. to do sth.意为请求做某事。故填to bring。
【50题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：但由于她的坚持，其中一个总统改变了他的想法。thanks to意为由于、幸亏。故填to。

第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题海小题1分，满分10分)
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The newly-built Sports Park lying in Nanshan District, which theme is “Making sports part of our life”, is to opened to the public soon. Cover an area of 30,000 square kilometres, the park was one of the largest modern parks in our city. It combine physical exercise with entertainment.
The Sports Park features a plenty of top exercise facilities which will meet people’ s needs for doing exercise as well as convenient receiving professional training. What’ s more, that is surprising that the whole park and facilities have been designed to be used on free.
People are welcome to visit the Sports Park or enjoy the pleasure of sports.
【答案】which→whose
to后面加上be
Cover→Covering
was→is
combine→combines
去掉a
convenient→conveniently
that→it
on→for
or→and
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在南山区新建的体育公园。该园结合运动与娱乐为一体，是该市最大的现代化公园之一。在那里可以受到非常专业的训练，而且所有的设施都是免费使用的。
【详解】 1. 考查关系代词。句意：在南山区新建的体育公园将很快开放给公众，其主题为“让运动成为生活的一部分”。分析句子可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，在从句中缺少定语来修饰theme，which在从句中不可充当定语的作用，故将which改为whose。
2. 考查被动语态。分析句子可知，The newly-built Sports Park新建的体育公园是动词open的承受者，因此需将主动语态改为被动语态。故在to后面加上be。
3. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，主句已经有谓语动词is，与前一句之间没有连词，而且是逗号，所以Cover应该用非谓语形式，根据主语the park和cover之间是主动关系，故要用现在分词作状语。故将Cover改为Covering。
4. 考查动词时态。文章时态应保持一致。分析文章可知，文章使用了一般现在时，故将was改为is。
5. 考查动词。句意：这个公园将体育锻炼和娱乐融合在一起。该句中It指代前文中出现的the park，为单数，因此该句中的谓语动词应使用单数形式，故将combine改为combines。
6. 考查固定表达。plenty of意为很多的、大量的，为固定搭配，a多余，故去掉a。
7. 考查副词。分析句子可知，receive为动词，需副词对其进行修饰，但convenient为形容词。故将convenient改为conveniently。
8. 考查主语从句。分析句子可知，句中真正的主语为the whole park and facilities have been designed to be used on free，需用it作形式主语，故将that改为it。
9. 考查固定搭配。for free意免费地，为固定搭配，故将on改为for。
10. 考查连词。句意：欢迎人们到体育公园来，享受运动的乐趣。分析句子可知，visit the Sports Park、enjoy the pleasure是并列关系，不是选择关系，故将or改为and。
【点睛】主语从句中，it作形式主语指代后面的that从句，但为了避免头重脚轻就把that从句置后了，实际上that从句是主语，所以是主语从句。that后面接完整的句子，that在从句中不做任何成分，没有实际意义。对于以连词that引导的主语从句，通常用形式主语代主语从句，如：It’s a pity that he didn’t come. 很遗憾他没来。

第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52.假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校将举办一次关于国际贸易的研讨会。请你给交换生Mary写一封电子邮件，邀请她参加。内容包括:
1.时间:9月15日下午3:00—6:00；
2.地点:学校礼堂；
3.内容:观看国际贸易相关视频；专家分析国际贸易形势；互动交流。
注意:1.词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数)；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:研讨会 seminar
Dear Mary,
I’ m Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union of our school.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I’ m looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mary,
I’m Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union of our school. I’ m writing to invite you to attend a seminar about international trade.
It is scheduled to be held at the school hall from 3 p. m. to 6 p. m. on September 15. You are supposed to get there 20 minutes before it starts. During the meeting, we will first watch some videos related to international trade. Then, some experts will make speeches on the recent international trade situation. After that, there will be about one hour for communication between experts and the audience.
I, m sure the seminar will benefit you a lot. Not only will you be able to have a better understanding of international trade, but also you will know the latest world trade situation.
I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作——提纲作文，要求写一封电子邮件。
第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件；假设你是学生会主席Li Hua，你校将在本周举行一场关于国际贸易的研讨会，你要邀请交换生Mary参加此次活动。文章可分为三部分：1）开篇讲述写作原因2）主要活动内容3）向对方表达期待
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：国际贸易(international trade)，学生会（Student Union），研讨会 （seminar），relate to（与…有关），international trade situation（国际贸易形势）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）连词成句，需注意这是一封电子邮件，讲述的是本周将要发生的事情，因此时态用一般讲来时即可。同时，这是一篇提纲式作文，一定要按照题目中出现的要点进行写作，切记不可遗漏要点。
第4步：连句成文，可使用连词对文章进行润色，注意不要全用简单句，适当使用复合句，如not only…but also，可使用有关连词then，after that等，全篇书写要清晰、规范、不得有涂改、书写错误等。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，要点顺序正确，词数适当。时态、句型使用正确，是一篇比较规范的应试作文。
这是一篇比较规范的应用文写作。首先，文章结构规范。文章严格遵守电子邮件写作格式要求。开篇问候，正文讲述事情的要点，结尾表达作者的期待。其次，文章要点突出。在文章正文部分将提纲中的三个要点进行了主要阐述；1.时间2. 地点3.观看视频、分析形势及互动交流。最后，文章语法正确。根据文章要求该活动在“9月15日”进行，是一个即将发生的活动，因此全文应使用一般将来时。文章还使用了较多高频词汇及词组，如It is scheduled to be held at…（按照时间定于…），，be able to（能够）等。文章中还使用了not only…but also…等高频句型。综上所述，这是一篇比较规范的应试作文。