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山东省聊城市2020届高三下学期开学检测英语试题
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山东省聊城市2020届高三下学期开学检测
英语试卷
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
This famous site features one of the largest and most representative collections of Buddhist architecture and art in China. It was rated as a 5A-class tourist attraction in 2010.
The Lingshan Grand Buddha is an 88-meter-high open-air bronze statue of Sakyamuni. It is 17 meters higher than the Grand Buddha at Leshan Mountain. It is part of the pattern of Five Buddhas in five directions together with the Big Buddha at Lantau Island in Hong Kong to the south, the Grand Buddha at Leshan Mountain to the west, the Grand Buddha in Yungang Caves to the north and the Grand Buddha at the Longmen Caves in the central area. At the feet of the Grand Buddha, you can feel the loftiness （雄伟）and dignity of Buddhism.
Tips：
Location: Lingshan Road, Mashan town, Binhu district, Wuxi
Tickets: Through ticket： 210 yuan （ $ 31. 85） , and free tickets for the performance of Ode to Auspiciousness for individual visitors
Opening hours for Lingshan Mountain: 7：00 17：00
Opening hours for Brahma Palace: 9：00 18：00
Recommendations:
The Nine-Dragon Fountain
The Nine-Dragon Fountain in front of the giant Buddha will start to play music and the song, The Birth of Buddha , at 10 am every day. A huge lotus（莲花）slowly blooms with six petals, and a 7-meter golden statue of Prince Buddha rises from the lotus, with one hand pointing to the sky and one hand at the earth, symbolizing Buddha's light shining on all things.
The Brahma Palace
The whole palace shows the mixture of traditional cultural elements with Western architectural features. Many cultural heritage items and art works can be found there. Its splendid design surprises every visitor.
1. What is the Lingshan Grand Buddha famous for?
A. Its typical collections of architecture and art.
B. Its special material.
C. Its geographical location.
D. Its long history.
2. What do we know about the performance of Ode to Auspiciousness?
A. It lasts 10 hours for visitors. B. It costs 210 yuan at least.
C. It's available only for group visitors. D. It's free if you get a through ticket.
3. Why does the writer recommend the Brahma Palace to us?
A. It’s in front of the giant Buddha.
B. Its design and collections are amazing.
C. Visitors can enjoy a huge lotus there
D. Many traditional cultural items are on sale.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个中国最大、最具代表性的佛教建筑艺术收藏的遗址。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“This famous site features one of the largest and most representative collections of Buddhist architecture and art in China.”可知，这个著名遗址是中国最大、最具代表性的佛教建筑艺术收藏之一。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Tickets: Through ticket： 210 yuan ($ 31. 85), and free tickets for the performance of Ode to Auspiciousness for individual visitors”可知，买到门票后这个演出是免费的。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“The whole palace shows the mixture of traditional cultural elements with Western architectural features.”可知，整个宫殿体现了传统文化元素与西方建筑特色的融合。由此可推知，作者推荐Brahma宫殿是因为它的设计和收藏令人惊叹。故选B项。
B
Bradley McConachie, a 33-year-old Australian is actually a student in international relations completing his PhD through Griffith University. He came to Beijing for a cooperative research at Beijing University two years ago. Such an academic life was colorful with a chance offered by the cultural exchanges project, “I'm in China".
Bradley was lucky to win the most "likes" for his photo story about his life in China and became one of 20 winners to visit locations by the project this summer. All the winners’ experiences were filmed to produce a reality show, My Chinese Working Day, which will be broadcast by mid-September.
Bradley was chosen to work as a recreational manager for a Chinese wedding. The film crew took them to many “amazing sites" and the staff at the resort taught them a lot about how to incorporate modern Chinese features while still keeping traditional customs.
“I would have to say two things stick out as the most memorable： the helicopter ride and talking with the staff at the hotel about how they organize weddings here in China," he said. That was Bradley's first time to be in a helicopter, and he was too absorbed with the “stunning" view of the coastline.
“I think it is so important to show other Australians the different landscapes China has to offer. I think so many Australians, when they think about China, imagine the historical sites of Beijing and the exciting things to see in Shanghai but have no idea about other beautiful places, like Sanya or the many other places people have been taken to in this TV series. It was nice to experience these little touches. I was happy to be a part of that experience!” Bradley said.
4. What made Bradley's life more colorful?
A. Obtaining his PhD.
B. The cultural exchanges project.
C. The research about Beijing University.
D. The interest in international relations.
5. Why was Bradley given the chance?
A. He produced the reality show.
B. His life in China was interesting.
C. He was one of the top 20 winners.
D. He liked photo stories most.
6. Which of the following best explains “stunning" in Paragraph 4?
A. Fantastic. B. Confusing.
C. Agreeable. D. Extreme.
7. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. It's difficult to produce moving TV series.
B. Beijing and Shanghai are historical sites.
C. Sanya is worth visiting for foreigners.
D. Many Australians know little about China.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Bradley来到北京大学进行合作研究，他在中国生活的照片故事赢得了最“喜欢”的人，并成为今年夏天该项目20个参观景点的获奖者之一。坐直升飞机观看中国的美景觉得澳大利亚人对中国知之甚少。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Such an academic life was colorful with a chance offered by the cultural exchanges project”可知，文化交流项目提供了一个使这样的学术生活丰富多彩的机会。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Bradley was lucky to win the most "likes" for his photo story about his life in China and became one of 20 winners to visit locations by the project this summer”可知，Bradley很幸运，因为他在中国生活的照片故事赢得了最“喜欢”的人，并成为今年夏天该项目20个参观景点的获奖者之一。故选C项。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“The film crew took them to many “amazing sites"”和第四段最后一句“That was Bradley's first time to be in a helicopter, and he was too absorbed with the “stunning" view of the coastline.”可知，这是布拉德利第一次坐直升机，他太专注于“惊人”的海岸线景观。A. fantastic不可思议的，奇异的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. agreeable令人愉快的；D. extreme极端的。结合选项可知，stunning的意思与fantastic相近。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“I think so many Australians, when they think about China, imagine the historical sites of Beijing and the exciting things to see in Shanghai but have no idea about other beautiful places, like Sanya or the many other places people have been taken to in this TV series.”可知，我想这么多澳大利亚人，一想到中国，就会联想到北京的历史古迹和上海令人兴奋的东西，但对其它美丽的地方却一无所知，比如三亚，或者这部电视连续剧中的许多其他地方。由此可推知，许多澳大利亚人对中国知之甚少。故选D项。
C
At a time when industries are under greater pressure to reduce costs and increase efficiencies, more production facilities are turning to digital sensing technology to provide the real-time insights they need for improved performance. What if one digital sensor could measure multiple signals?
Yokogawa's DPharp（差压传送器）digital technology has the unique ability to measure two pressure parameters （参数），delivering reliable and accurate measurement of plant operations. The unique aspect of this digital technology is that it measures two parameters in one sensor module, providing additional insight into a plant's operations. It is the only sensor in the world that does this.
DPharp transmitters（发射器）use silicon（硅）resonant（谐振的）sensor technology to measure both differential（差别） and still pressure. The sensor consists of two H-shaped crystal silicon resonators that shake at a certain frequency and, when pressure is applied, the frequency of one resonator increases while the other decreases. By monitoring these frequencies digitally, both differential and still pressure can be measured at the same time. The frequency output is directly read by the central processing unit of the transmitter.
DPharp can be used in any processing plant across any industry—oil and gas to food and drinks. DPharp's unique digital sensing technology allows engineering firms and plant engineers to create designs that will equate to an average reduction of 40 percent. Where they would typically use five measuring devices, they are using three by using the multi-sensing technology. That is a significant cost reduction in the number of devices installed and the added benefit is that, as there are less devices, the engineering and design is less complex, which means less materials and less equipment to maintain. Furthermore, there are fewer transmitter spares required, which reduces costs. Tony Farah, Product Manager, said that more organisations are seeing the significant benefits of smart devices like DPharp.
8. What is special about DPharp digital technology?
A. It provides the real-time insights.
B. It brings significant changes in engineering.
C. It measures two parameters in one sensor.
D. It provides accurate measurement.
9. What is the frequency output read by?
A. Two H-shaped crystal silicon resonators.
B. The central processing unit of the transmitter.
C. Monitoring devices.
D. The operator of the plant.
10. What is the plants' attitude to DPharp?
A. Cautious. B. Ambiguous.
C. Favorable. D. Disapproving.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. How DPharp is bringing value across production plants.
B. How sensor works in a different way.
C. Why DPharp is efficient and reliable.
D. Where DPharp can be used.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了差压传送器为生产工厂带来的价值。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The unique aspect of this digital technology is that it measures two parameters in one sensor module”可知，这种数字技术的独特之处在于它能在一个传感器模块中测量两个参数。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The frequency output is directly read by the central processing unit of the transmitter.”可知，频率输出由发射机的中央处理单元直接读取。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、三句“DPharp's unique digital sensing technology allows engineering firms and plant engineers to create designs that will equate to an average reduction of 40 percent. Where they would typically use five measuring devices, they are using three by using the multi-sensing technology.”可知，差压传送器独特的数字传感技术使工程公司和工厂工程师能够创造出相当于平均减少40%的设计。他们通常会使用五个测量设备，但他们使用的是三个多传感技术。由此可推知，工厂对差压传送器的态度是支持的。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文内容尤其最后一段最后一句“Tony Farah, Product Manager, said that more organisations are seeing the significant benefits of smart devices like DPharp.”可知，本文主要介绍了差压传送器为生产工厂带来的价值。故选A项。
D
Last year, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that 55 million people in the U. S. are “gig workers" which is more than 35 percent of the U. S. workforce. That number is projected to jump to 43 percent by 2020.
People are drawn to gig work（零工）because it brings in a little extra income without a major time commitment. And recent technologies like Skype, Slack, and Dropbox have made the gig life a reality, giving you maximum freedom, an ideal work-life balance, and the chance to pursue your passions.
If you're thinking of joining the gig economy, it's never been easier. One of the great things about the gig economy is that you don't have a boss breathing down your neck. As a freelancer, you no longer have to cater to a company culture or work schedule that might cause physical or emotional stress. Instead, you get to choose the type of work you do and who you work with. But this degree of freedom requires a corresponding amount of discipline. With no boss to make sure you're on task, it's all on you.
A lot of gig workers start their careers by hopping on a project because the employer is desperate and in need of help. On the employer's end, it's tough to take on people for higher management positions when the pool of talent is full of gig workers who haven't been given an opportunity to improve their skills. Businesses have to evolve to learn how to account for an influx（(涌入）of temporary workers. It is harder for gig workers to become skilled and get promoted.
The workforce is becoming more advanced and educated by the day. You have to keep learning and keep up with industry trends to maintain a competitive edge. This is true even for people in traditional office settings, but it's critical if you're your own boss.
12. What made the gig life a reality?
A. Greater work-life balance. B. New technologies.
C. A little extra money. D. Maximum freedom.
13. What does the underlined phrase “breathing down your neck” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Making you unable to breathe freely.
B. Standing very close behind you.
C. Threatening you by saying something.
D. Monitoring you closely.
14. What can we infer from the last but one paragraph?
A. Employers should invest in training the temporary workers.
B. Gig workers start their jobs out of passion.
C. It's hard for employers to employ people for higher positions.
D. It's hard for gig workers to develop skills.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Gig Economy
B. The Challenges of the Gig Economy
C. The Increase of the Gig Economy
D. The Reason for the Gig Economy
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了零工经济的优势和劣势。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And recent technologies like Skype, Slack, and Dropbox have made the gig life a reality”可知，是新的技术使它成为现实的。故选B项。
13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段内容尤其该段最后一句“With no boss to make sure you're on task, it's all on you.”可知，没有老板能确保你完成任务，一切都由你来决定。由此可推知，第三段中划线短语“breathing down your neck”意为“密切监视你”。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“On the employer's end, it's tough to take on people for higher management positions when the pool of talent is full of gig workers who haven't been given an opportunity to improve their skills.”可知，从雇主的角度来说，当人才库中满是没有机会提高技能的工作人员时，很难让他们担任更高的管理职位。由此可推知，从倒数第二段我们可以推断出雇主应投资培训临时工。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第三段第二句“One of the great things about the gig economy is that you don't have a boss breathing down your neck.”和倒数第二段最后一句“It is harder for gig workers to become skilled and get promoted.”可知，本文介绍了零工经济的优势和劣势。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Childhood obesity puts kids at risk for cardiovascular disease, bone and joint problems, sleep apnea, and potential social and psychological problems. ___16___
Of course, the CDC recommends healthy lifestyle choices—healthy eating, physical exercise. ___17___ That is to provide a safe and supportive environment where healthy lifestyle choices can be made.
What don't kids need?___18___Too much focus on overweight leads toward more weight gain.
A new data analysis of two studies found that children whose parents considered them to be “overweight" tended to gain more weight over 10 years than children whose parents considered them “normal weight". Children whose parents label them as “overweight" had a negative self-perception about their bodies. They were engaged in more attempts to lose weight. ___19___
The clear message from this study is that dieting is more likely to lead to weight gain, not weight loss, in both children and adults. Psychology researchers Eric Robinson and Angelina Sutin argue that the stigma of being labeled overweight as a child might actually gain weight in the future.
___20___ For the study, children's height and weight were measured at age 4 or 5, and parents were asked to describe whether they thought the children were best described as underweight, normal weight, overweight or very overweight. When the children were 12 or 13, they used images to best depict what they perceived their bodies to look like and were asked whether or not they engaged in any dieting behavior. Height and weight measurements were taken again when the children were 14 or 15 years old.
A. Labels and pressure around weight and weight gain.
B. Left untreated, these problems can continue into adulthood.
C. They also point out another important way to keep kids healthy.
D. The researchers cannot be certain about what is driving.
E. They analyzed the data from a study of Australian children.
F. But it actually contributed to weight gain over the 10-year period.
G. A number of mothers in this study suffer from depression and anxiety.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. F 20. E
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肥胖给儿童带来的不好的影响以及疾控中心推荐了健康的生活方式选择健康的饮食、体育锻炼。
【16题详解】
根据前一句“Childhood obesity puts kids at risk for cardiovascular disease, bone and joint problems, sleep apnea, and potential social and psychological problems.”可知，空格前讲儿童肥胖带来的不好的影响。B项“如果不加以治疗，这些问题会持续到成年”承接上文，符合语境。故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据空格前一句“Of course, the CDC recommends healthy lifestyle choices—healthy eating, physical exercise.”可知，当然，疾控中心推荐健康的生活方式选择健康的饮食、体育锻炼。C项“他们还指出了另一个保持孩子健康的重要方法”承接上文，且后面的代词“That”指C项的“another important way to keep kids healthy”。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据后一句“Too much focus on overweight leads toward more weight gain.”可知，过度关注超重会导致体重增加。A项“体重和体重增加的标签和压力”引出下文，且A中的“more weight gain”与后面的“more weight gain”相呼应。故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据前一句“They were engaged in more attempts to lose weight.”可知，他们为了减肥尝试了更多。F项“但事实上，在过去的10年里，它对体重的增加起到了推波助澜的作用”承接上文，且F中的“weight gain over the 10-year period”与上文“gain more weight over 10 years”相呼应。故选F项。
【20题详解】
根据后面的“For the study, children's height and weight were measured at age 4 or 5”可知，在这项研究中，儿童的身高和体重是在4岁或5岁时测量的。E项“他们从一项澳大利亚儿童的研究中分析了这个数据”引出下文，且E中的“a study of Australian children”与上文中的“For the study”相呼应。故选E项。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Melbourne Girls' College is getting rid of all dustbins and asking students to take their rubbish home to encourage them to move towards zero waste.
Starting next Monday, the college will gradually___21___all the rubbish bins in five weeks in classrooms and the yard, ____22____1400 students and 140 staff to find their own home for chip packets and juice boxes. Volunteer students will ___23___ daily non- compulsory food inspections in which children bringing “zero waste" lunch boxes will be ___24___. Students using only ___25___ packaging will receive a token (礼券）to win prizes such as keepcups.
The rubbish that students take home may still go to landfill(废物填埋场）via their home bins, ___26___the new policy will help persuade___27___to buy fewer packaged items and reuse containers. Most issues around carrying rubbish home, such as smell and mess, can be solved.___28___tuna （金枪鱼）in a tin, for example, can___29___ the school's compost（堆肥）bin and the tin can be _____30_____ before it's taken home.
The college principal Karen Money acknowledges that some parents may not have the time or means to avoid ____31____ in single-use packaging, “but it's____32____to get as many people as we can to avoid it. We talk a lot, ____33____ educators, about the bad problems the world ____34____, and if we don't start putting some actions ____35____ that beautiful idea, then it's just empty."
21. A. replace B. wash C. clean D. remove
22. A. proving B. leaving C. promising D. allowing
23. A. receive B. forbid C. admit D. conduct
24. A. rewarded B. advised C. changed D. protected
25. A. creative B. usual C. reusable D. plastic
26. A. so B. but C. then D. though
27. A. teachers B. staff C. families D. classmates
28. A. Uneaten B. Uncooked C. Uncovered D. Unbroken
29. A. break down B. break through C. get through D. go into
30. A. returned B. washed C. reused D. spared
31. A. foods B. clothes C. drinks D. tools
32. A. keeping B. dreaming C. stopping D. trying
33. A. for B. to C. as D. with
34. A. solves B. shows C. faces D. follows
35. A. ahead of B. behind C. upon D. beyond
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B
【解析】
本文是一篇记述文。文章主要讲述了墨尔本女子学院正在清理所有垃圾箱，并要求学生们把垃圾带回家，以鼓励他们朝着零浪费的方向发展。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从下周一开始，学院将在五周内逐步清除教室和院子里的所有垃圾桶。A. replace代替；B. wash洗；C. clean打扫，清扫；D. remove去除，移动。由上文“asking students to take their rubbish home to encourage them to move towards zero waste”可知，此处指清除垃圾。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：让1400名学生和140名工作人员在自己家里寻找芯片包和果汁盒。A. proving证明；B. leaving让……处于（某种状态），离开；C. promising承诺；D. allowing允许。由上文内容可知，此处用leave。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：志愿学生每天将进行非强制性的食物检查。A. receive收到，接到；B. forbid禁止；C. admit承认，准许进入；D. conduct进行，实施，指挥。由后面的“inspections”可知，此处指进行检查。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：志愿者学生将进行日常的非强制性食品检查，携带“零浪费”午餐盒的儿童将获得奖励。A. rewarded奖励；B. advised建议；C. changed改变；D. protected保护。由后面的“win prizes”可知，此处指奖励。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：使用可重复使用的包装的学生将获得奖品，如可重复使用咖啡杯。A. creative创造性的；B. usual通常的；C. reusable可重复使用的；D. plastic塑料的。由下文“buy fewer packaged items and reuse containers”可知，此处指可重复使用的包装。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：学生带回家的垃圾仍然可以通过他们家的垃圾箱填埋，但新政策将有助于说服家庭减少购买包装物品和重复使用容器。A. so所以；B. but但是；C. then然后；D. though虽然。根据句意可知，此处两个分句之间是转折关系，应用连词but。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生带回家的垃圾仍然可以通过他们家的垃圾箱填埋，但新政策将有助于说服家庭减少购买包装物品和重复使用容器。A. teachers教师；B. staff职员；C. families家人，家庭；D. classmates同学。由前面的“take home”和“via their home bins”可知，此处指说服家庭。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，罐头里的未食用金枪鱼，可以放进学校的堆肥箱，罐头可以在被带回家之前清洗干净。A. Uneaten未吃的，剩下的；B. Uncooked未煮过的；C. Uncovered无覆盖的；D. Unbroken未破损的，完整的。根据常识可知，罐头里的金枪鱼是还未食用的。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：例如，罐头里的未食用金枪鱼，可以放进学校的堆肥箱，罐头可以在被带回家之前清洗干净。A. break down发生故障，分解；B. break through突破；C. get through通过，度过；D. go into进入，加入。根据语境可知，此处指放进堆肥箱。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，罐头里的未食用金枪鱼，可以放进学校的堆肥箱，罐头可以在被带回家之前清洗干净。A. returned返回，报答；B. washed清洗；C. reused再用；D. spared节约，吝惜。由语境及常识可知，罐头里的未食用金枪鱼，放进堆肥箱后，罐头要清洗干净。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些家长可能没有时间或手段避免食用一次性包装的食品。A. foods食物；B. clothes衣物；C. drinks饮料；D. tools工具。由语境可知，此处指一次性包装的食品。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但试图让尽可能多的人来避免。A. keeping保持；B. dreaming梦想；C. stopping停止；D. trying试图，尝试。由前面的“may not have the time or means to avoid”可知，此处指试图让尽可能多的人来避免。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：作为教育工作者，我们经常谈论世界面临的坏问题。A. for为了，给；B. to 朝，对于；C. as作为，如同，以……身份；D. with和……在一起，用，具有，随着。由上文“The college principal”及语境可知，此处指作为教育工作者。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为教育工作者，我们经常谈论世界面临的坏问题。A. solves解决；B. shows展示，表明；C. faces面对；D. follows跟随。由前面的“the bad problems the world”可知，此处用face，意为“世界面临的坏问题”。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：如果我们在这个美丽的想法之后不开始采取一些行动，那么它就是空的。A. ahead of在……之前；B. behind在……之后；C. upon在……之上；D. beyond超过。由句意及语境常识可知，提出某种想法之后采取一些行动。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sun Yang wins men's 400m freestyle in FINA Champions Swim Series on January 15 in Shenzhen. “My 400m free remains smooth all the time, showing that my training is___36___(effect). My goal this year is____37____ (win) at the Olympic Games," said Sun, who lost to Rapsys ___38___0. 03 in 200m freestyle on Tuesday. The world top-class athlete ___39___ (perfect) showed his dominant power in the 400m freestyle event in front of all his home fans, _____40_____ (suggest) that he is aiming high for the upcoming Tokyo Olympic Games.
Liu Xiang bagged her second gold medal in the 50m freestyle in 24. 04. “I got___41___ cold after I arrived here three days ago, _____42_____ I did not expect to win with a time equaling my personal best," said Liu. So far, China ____43____ (collect) 9 gold medals as the biggest winner.
According to FINA official website, the brand-new “FINA Champions Swim Series" is since 2019 a circuit ____44____ (gather) the top athletes of the sport, and it has an original ___45___ (compete) format including finals with only four swimmers.
【答案】36. effective
37. to win 38. by
39. perfectly
40. suggesting
41. a 42. so
43. has collected
44. gathering
45. competition
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了孙杨和刘湘在国际泳联冠军游泳系列赛获得冠军。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。根据前面的名词“my training”和be动词“was”可知，此处应用形容词。故填effective。
【37题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：我今年的目标是在奥运会上获胜。分析句子可知，此处表示目的，所以用to+动词原形。故填to win。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：在周二的200米自由泳以0.03输给了拉普西斯。在比赛中以多少分输给了对方一般用介词by。故填by。
【39题详解】
考查副词。此处应用副词修饰后面的动词showed。故填perfectly。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。根据前面的谓语动词showed可知，此处应用非谓语动词，用现在分词引导状语从句。故填suggesting。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。get a cold是固定短语，意为“感冒”。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：我三天前来这里后感冒了，所以我没想到能在个人最好成绩上扳平比分。根据句意可知，这两个分句之间是因果关系，所以用so。故填so。
【43题详解】
考查时态。时间状语so far与现在完成时连用，所以此处应用现在完成时。故填has collected。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。根据前面的谓语动词is可知，此处应用非谓语动词；circuit与动词gather之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填gathering。
【45题详解】
考查名词。根据前面的形容词“original”可知，此处应用名词。故填competition。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46.假如你是李华，你的学校电视台打算新开播一个英语栏目，请写信告诉你的英国朋友 Jack有关情况并征求他的建议，内容包括：
1.栏目名称和内容；
2.播出时段；
3.征求建议。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
To arouse students' interest in learning English and broaden their horizons, our school TV station plans to start a new English program named English around the World. Colorful cultures and lifestyles of different English-speaking countries will be introduced. The program will last from 4： 30 pm to 5: 00 pm every day, when most students are free. Besides, an English speech competition is to be held each term.
I hope you could give us some advice on how to make the program more popular.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写信告诉你的英国朋友Jack你的学校电视台打算新开播的英语栏目的有关情况并征求他的建议。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1. 栏目名称和内容。（the name and content of the program ）
2. 播出时段。（the exact time of the program）
3. 征求他的建议。（take his advice）
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
arouse students’ interest in; colorful cultures and lifestyles; last from … to…; English speech competition; give us some advice on
第三步：连词成句
1. To arouse students' interest in learning English and broaden their horizons our school TV station plans to start a new English program named English around the World.
2. Colorful cultures and lifestyles of different English-speaking countries will be introduced.
3. The program will last from 4: 30 pm to 5: 00 pm every day, when most students are free.
4. Besides, an English speech competition is to be held each term.
5. I hope you could give us some advice on how to make the program more popular.
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：The program will last from 4: 30 pm to 5: 00 pm every day, when most students are free.这句话运用了when引导的非限制性定语从句。使用了一些固定词组，如arouse one’s interest in；give sb. some advice on等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
第二节（满分25分）
47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续 写的词数应为150左右。
Tyler was enrolled in my senior class for a semester. He had impulse-control (克制冲 动)and anger management issues. He had been suspended(停课)many times in previous years. When he entered my class, I assumed the worst.
Tyler sat in the back row. Every time I talked in the front of the class, I would ask students questions, calling them by name. Unfortunately, every time I called on Tyler, he would respond with a glib（未经思考的）answer. If he got an answer wrong, he would become angry.
About a month into the year, I was still trying to connect with Tyler. I can usually get students involved in class discussions or at the least motivate them to sit quietly and attentively. By contrast, Tyler was just loud and offensive.
He had been in so much trouble through the years. He expected his teachers to know about his referrals（移交）where he was sent to the office, and suspensions, where he was given compulsory days to stay out of school. I had rarely found referrals to be effective because students would return from the office behaving worse than before.
One day, Tyler was talking while I was teaching. In the middle of the lesson, I said in the same tone of voice, “Tyler, why don't you join in our discussion instead of having one of your own?" With that, he got up from his chair, pushed it over and yelled something. I can't remember what he said other than that he included several impolite words. I sent Tyler to the office with a discipline referral , and he received a week's out — of — school suspension.
To this point, this was one of my worst teaching experiences. Tyler's anger was almost too much for me. The week Tyler was out of school was a wonderful time, and we got a lot accomplished as a class. However, the suspension week would soon come to an end, and I was fearful of his return.
On the day of Tyler's return, I stood at the door awaiting him.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A spark of surprise flashed across his face.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】On the day of Tyler's return, I stood at the door awaiting him・ At last he came, with his hands in his pockets. I went up to him and said hello. I wanted to break the ice. I asked him to talk to me for a moment. Taylor seemed reluctant at first, but finally agreed. I told him I was eager to start over with him. At the same time, I told him that if he couldn’t control himself sometimes in class, he could step out of the door for a while to collect himself.
A spark of surprise flashed across his face. He was stunned there, staring at me with wide eyes. But it was always pleasant to be believed in] He made up his mind that he had the power to choose his own way of behaving・ From then on, Taylor listened carefully and took an active part in class. He spared every minute to study. At the end of the year, Tyler wrote me a thank-you note telling me how great his year had been. I still have that note today, and it moves me to reread it when I'm stressed about teaching.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于读后续写，要求考生续写两段内容使之与已给出的材料构成一篇完整的短文。
【详解】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，作者的学生Tyler很难控制自己的情绪，很容易生气。在课堂上其他同学讨论问题时他总是吵闹，这让作者很无奈。但有一次Tyler被罚以后作者跟他好好聊天，从此那后他开始认真听课了，并感谢作者。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：Tyler回来的那天，我站在门口等他……，所以应该写我走到他跟前打招呼。我让他和我谈了一会儿。Tyler起初似乎很不情愿，但最后还是同意了。我告诉他我很想和他重新开始。同时，我告诉他，如果他有时在课堂上控制不住自己，他可以走出门一段时间来收拾自己。第二段开头是：他脸上有一丝惊讶……本段应该写从那时起，Tyler认真听讲，积极参加课堂。他不遗余力地学习。年底，泰勒给我写了一封感谢信，告诉我他的一年有多美好。我今天还留着那张纸条，当我对教学感到压力时，它让我重新读了一遍。
续写时我们要按照已给出的材料中的关键词来写两段内容。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右。按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：break the ice，be eager to；stare at；take an active part in等高级词汇；that引导的宾语从句At the same time, I told him that if he couldn’t control himself sometimes in class, he could step out of the door for a while to collect himself.；when引导的定语从句I still have that note today, and it moves me to reread it when I'm stressed about teaching.等高级句式。
英语试卷
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
This famous site features one of the largest and most representative collections of Buddhist architecture and art in China. It was rated as a 5A-class tourist attraction in 2010.
The Lingshan Grand Buddha is an 88-meter-high open-air bronze statue of Sakyamuni. It is 17 meters higher than the Grand Buddha at Leshan Mountain. It is part of the pattern of Five Buddhas in five directions together with the Big Buddha at Lantau Island in Hong Kong to the south, the Grand Buddha at Leshan Mountain to the west, the Grand Buddha in Yungang Caves to the north and the Grand Buddha at the Longmen Caves in the central area. At the feet of the Grand Buddha, you can feel the loftiness （雄伟）and dignity of Buddhism.
Tips：
Location: Lingshan Road, Mashan town, Binhu district, Wuxi
Tickets: Through ticket： 210 yuan （ $ 31. 85） , and free tickets for the performance of Ode to Auspiciousness for individual visitors
Opening hours for Lingshan Mountain: 7：00 17：00
Opening hours for Brahma Palace: 9：00 18：00
Recommendations:
The Nine-Dragon Fountain
The Nine-Dragon Fountain in front of the giant Buddha will start to play music and the song, The Birth of Buddha , at 10 am every day. A huge lotus（莲花）slowly blooms with six petals, and a 7-meter golden statue of Prince Buddha rises from the lotus, with one hand pointing to the sky and one hand at the earth, symbolizing Buddha's light shining on all things.
The Brahma Palace
The whole palace shows the mixture of traditional cultural elements with Western architectural features. Many cultural heritage items and art works can be found there. Its splendid design surprises every visitor.
1. What is the Lingshan Grand Buddha famous for?
A. Its typical collections of architecture and art.
B. Its special material.
C. Its geographical location.
D. Its long history.
2. What do we know about the performance of Ode to Auspiciousness?
A. It lasts 10 hours for visitors. B. It costs 210 yuan at least.
C. It's available only for group visitors. D. It's free if you get a through ticket.
3. Why does the writer recommend the Brahma Palace to us?
A. It’s in front of the giant Buddha.
B. Its design and collections are amazing.
C. Visitors can enjoy a huge lotus there
D. Many traditional cultural items are on sale.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个中国最大、最具代表性的佛教建筑艺术收藏的遗址。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“This famous site features one of the largest and most representative collections of Buddhist architecture and art in China.”可知，这个著名遗址是中国最大、最具代表性的佛教建筑艺术收藏之一。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Tickets: Through ticket： 210 yuan ($ 31. 85), and free tickets for the performance of Ode to Auspiciousness for individual visitors”可知，买到门票后这个演出是免费的。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“The whole palace shows the mixture of traditional cultural elements with Western architectural features.”可知，整个宫殿体现了传统文化元素与西方建筑特色的融合。由此可推知，作者推荐Brahma宫殿是因为它的设计和收藏令人惊叹。故选B项。
B
Bradley McConachie, a 33-year-old Australian is actually a student in international relations completing his PhD through Griffith University. He came to Beijing for a cooperative research at Beijing University two years ago. Such an academic life was colorful with a chance offered by the cultural exchanges project, “I'm in China".
Bradley was lucky to win the most "likes" for his photo story about his life in China and became one of 20 winners to visit locations by the project this summer. All the winners’ experiences were filmed to produce a reality show, My Chinese Working Day, which will be broadcast by mid-September.
Bradley was chosen to work as a recreational manager for a Chinese wedding. The film crew took them to many “amazing sites" and the staff at the resort taught them a lot about how to incorporate modern Chinese features while still keeping traditional customs.
“I would have to say two things stick out as the most memorable： the helicopter ride and talking with the staff at the hotel about how they organize weddings here in China," he said. That was Bradley's first time to be in a helicopter, and he was too absorbed with the “stunning" view of the coastline.
“I think it is so important to show other Australians the different landscapes China has to offer. I think so many Australians, when they think about China, imagine the historical sites of Beijing and the exciting things to see in Shanghai but have no idea about other beautiful places, like Sanya or the many other places people have been taken to in this TV series. It was nice to experience these little touches. I was happy to be a part of that experience!” Bradley said.
4. What made Bradley's life more colorful?
A. Obtaining his PhD.
B. The cultural exchanges project.
C. The research about Beijing University.
D. The interest in international relations.
5. Why was Bradley given the chance?
A. He produced the reality show.
B. His life in China was interesting.
C. He was one of the top 20 winners.
D. He liked photo stories most.
6. Which of the following best explains “stunning" in Paragraph 4?
A. Fantastic. B. Confusing.
C. Agreeable. D. Extreme.
7. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. It's difficult to produce moving TV series.
B. Beijing and Shanghai are historical sites.
C. Sanya is worth visiting for foreigners.
D. Many Australians know little about China.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Bradley来到北京大学进行合作研究，他在中国生活的照片故事赢得了最“喜欢”的人，并成为今年夏天该项目20个参观景点的获奖者之一。坐直升飞机观看中国的美景觉得澳大利亚人对中国知之甚少。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Such an academic life was colorful with a chance offered by the cultural exchanges project”可知，文化交流项目提供了一个使这样的学术生活丰富多彩的机会。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Bradley was lucky to win the most "likes" for his photo story about his life in China and became one of 20 winners to visit locations by the project this summer”可知，Bradley很幸运，因为他在中国生活的照片故事赢得了最“喜欢”的人，并成为今年夏天该项目20个参观景点的获奖者之一。故选C项。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“The film crew took them to many “amazing sites"”和第四段最后一句“That was Bradley's first time to be in a helicopter, and he was too absorbed with the “stunning" view of the coastline.”可知，这是布拉德利第一次坐直升机，他太专注于“惊人”的海岸线景观。A. fantastic不可思议的，奇异的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. agreeable令人愉快的；D. extreme极端的。结合选项可知，stunning的意思与fantastic相近。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“I think so many Australians, when they think about China, imagine the historical sites of Beijing and the exciting things to see in Shanghai but have no idea about other beautiful places, like Sanya or the many other places people have been taken to in this TV series.”可知，我想这么多澳大利亚人，一想到中国，就会联想到北京的历史古迹和上海令人兴奋的东西，但对其它美丽的地方却一无所知，比如三亚，或者这部电视连续剧中的许多其他地方。由此可推知，许多澳大利亚人对中国知之甚少。故选D项。
C
At a time when industries are under greater pressure to reduce costs and increase efficiencies, more production facilities are turning to digital sensing technology to provide the real-time insights they need for improved performance. What if one digital sensor could measure multiple signals?
Yokogawa's DPharp（差压传送器）digital technology has the unique ability to measure two pressure parameters （参数），delivering reliable and accurate measurement of plant operations. The unique aspect of this digital technology is that it measures two parameters in one sensor module, providing additional insight into a plant's operations. It is the only sensor in the world that does this.
DPharp transmitters（发射器）use silicon（硅）resonant（谐振的）sensor technology to measure both differential（差别） and still pressure. The sensor consists of two H-shaped crystal silicon resonators that shake at a certain frequency and, when pressure is applied, the frequency of one resonator increases while the other decreases. By monitoring these frequencies digitally, both differential and still pressure can be measured at the same time. The frequency output is directly read by the central processing unit of the transmitter.
DPharp can be used in any processing plant across any industry—oil and gas to food and drinks. DPharp's unique digital sensing technology allows engineering firms and plant engineers to create designs that will equate to an average reduction of 40 percent. Where they would typically use five measuring devices, they are using three by using the multi-sensing technology. That is a significant cost reduction in the number of devices installed and the added benefit is that, as there are less devices, the engineering and design is less complex, which means less materials and less equipment to maintain. Furthermore, there are fewer transmitter spares required, which reduces costs. Tony Farah, Product Manager, said that more organisations are seeing the significant benefits of smart devices like DPharp.
8. What is special about DPharp digital technology?
A. It provides the real-time insights.
B. It brings significant changes in engineering.
C. It measures two parameters in one sensor.
D. It provides accurate measurement.
9. What is the frequency output read by?
A. Two H-shaped crystal silicon resonators.
B. The central processing unit of the transmitter.
C. Monitoring devices.
D. The operator of the plant.
10. What is the plants' attitude to DPharp?
A. Cautious. B. Ambiguous.
C. Favorable. D. Disapproving.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. How DPharp is bringing value across production plants.
B. How sensor works in a different way.
C. Why DPharp is efficient and reliable.
D. Where DPharp can be used.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了差压传送器为生产工厂带来的价值。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The unique aspect of this digital technology is that it measures two parameters in one sensor module”可知，这种数字技术的独特之处在于它能在一个传感器模块中测量两个参数。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The frequency output is directly read by the central processing unit of the transmitter.”可知，频率输出由发射机的中央处理单元直接读取。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、三句“DPharp's unique digital sensing technology allows engineering firms and plant engineers to create designs that will equate to an average reduction of 40 percent. Where they would typically use five measuring devices, they are using three by using the multi-sensing technology.”可知，差压传送器独特的数字传感技术使工程公司和工厂工程师能够创造出相当于平均减少40%的设计。他们通常会使用五个测量设备，但他们使用的是三个多传感技术。由此可推知，工厂对差压传送器的态度是支持的。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文内容尤其最后一段最后一句“Tony Farah, Product Manager, said that more organisations are seeing the significant benefits of smart devices like DPharp.”可知，本文主要介绍了差压传送器为生产工厂带来的价值。故选A项。
D
Last year, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that 55 million people in the U. S. are “gig workers" which is more than 35 percent of the U. S. workforce. That number is projected to jump to 43 percent by 2020.
People are drawn to gig work（零工）because it brings in a little extra income without a major time commitment. And recent technologies like Skype, Slack, and Dropbox have made the gig life a reality, giving you maximum freedom, an ideal work-life balance, and the chance to pursue your passions.
If you're thinking of joining the gig economy, it's never been easier. One of the great things about the gig economy is that you don't have a boss breathing down your neck. As a freelancer, you no longer have to cater to a company culture or work schedule that might cause physical or emotional stress. Instead, you get to choose the type of work you do and who you work with. But this degree of freedom requires a corresponding amount of discipline. With no boss to make sure you're on task, it's all on you.
A lot of gig workers start their careers by hopping on a project because the employer is desperate and in need of help. On the employer's end, it's tough to take on people for higher management positions when the pool of talent is full of gig workers who haven't been given an opportunity to improve their skills. Businesses have to evolve to learn how to account for an influx（(涌入）of temporary workers. It is harder for gig workers to become skilled and get promoted.
The workforce is becoming more advanced and educated by the day. You have to keep learning and keep up with industry trends to maintain a competitive edge. This is true even for people in traditional office settings, but it's critical if you're your own boss.
12. What made the gig life a reality?
A. Greater work-life balance. B. New technologies.
C. A little extra money. D. Maximum freedom.
13. What does the underlined phrase “breathing down your neck” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Making you unable to breathe freely.
B. Standing very close behind you.
C. Threatening you by saying something.
D. Monitoring you closely.
14. What can we infer from the last but one paragraph?
A. Employers should invest in training the temporary workers.
B. Gig workers start their jobs out of passion.
C. It's hard for employers to employ people for higher positions.
D. It's hard for gig workers to develop skills.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Gig Economy
B. The Challenges of the Gig Economy
C. The Increase of the Gig Economy
D. The Reason for the Gig Economy
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了零工经济的优势和劣势。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And recent technologies like Skype, Slack, and Dropbox have made the gig life a reality”可知，是新的技术使它成为现实的。故选B项。
13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段内容尤其该段最后一句“With no boss to make sure you're on task, it's all on you.”可知，没有老板能确保你完成任务，一切都由你来决定。由此可推知，第三段中划线短语“breathing down your neck”意为“密切监视你”。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“On the employer's end, it's tough to take on people for higher management positions when the pool of talent is full of gig workers who haven't been given an opportunity to improve their skills.”可知，从雇主的角度来说，当人才库中满是没有机会提高技能的工作人员时，很难让他们担任更高的管理职位。由此可推知，从倒数第二段我们可以推断出雇主应投资培训临时工。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第三段第二句“One of the great things about the gig economy is that you don't have a boss breathing down your neck.”和倒数第二段最后一句“It is harder for gig workers to become skilled and get promoted.”可知，本文介绍了零工经济的优势和劣势。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Childhood obesity puts kids at risk for cardiovascular disease, bone and joint problems, sleep apnea, and potential social and psychological problems. ___16___
Of course, the CDC recommends healthy lifestyle choices—healthy eating, physical exercise. ___17___ That is to provide a safe and supportive environment where healthy lifestyle choices can be made.
What don't kids need?___18___Too much focus on overweight leads toward more weight gain.
A new data analysis of two studies found that children whose parents considered them to be “overweight" tended to gain more weight over 10 years than children whose parents considered them “normal weight". Children whose parents label them as “overweight" had a negative self-perception about their bodies. They were engaged in more attempts to lose weight. ___19___
The clear message from this study is that dieting is more likely to lead to weight gain, not weight loss, in both children and adults. Psychology researchers Eric Robinson and Angelina Sutin argue that the stigma of being labeled overweight as a child might actually gain weight in the future.
___20___ For the study, children's height and weight were measured at age 4 or 5, and parents were asked to describe whether they thought the children were best described as underweight, normal weight, overweight or very overweight. When the children were 12 or 13, they used images to best depict what they perceived their bodies to look like and were asked whether or not they engaged in any dieting behavior. Height and weight measurements were taken again when the children were 14 or 15 years old.
A. Labels and pressure around weight and weight gain.
B. Left untreated, these problems can continue into adulthood.
C. They also point out another important way to keep kids healthy.
D. The researchers cannot be certain about what is driving.
E. They analyzed the data from a study of Australian children.
F. But it actually contributed to weight gain over the 10-year period.
G. A number of mothers in this study suffer from depression and anxiety.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. F 20. E
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肥胖给儿童带来的不好的影响以及疾控中心推荐了健康的生活方式选择健康的饮食、体育锻炼。
【16题详解】
根据前一句“Childhood obesity puts kids at risk for cardiovascular disease, bone and joint problems, sleep apnea, and potential social and psychological problems.”可知，空格前讲儿童肥胖带来的不好的影响。B项“如果不加以治疗，这些问题会持续到成年”承接上文，符合语境。故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据空格前一句“Of course, the CDC recommends healthy lifestyle choices—healthy eating, physical exercise.”可知，当然，疾控中心推荐健康的生活方式选择健康的饮食、体育锻炼。C项“他们还指出了另一个保持孩子健康的重要方法”承接上文，且后面的代词“That”指C项的“another important way to keep kids healthy”。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据后一句“Too much focus on overweight leads toward more weight gain.”可知，过度关注超重会导致体重增加。A项“体重和体重增加的标签和压力”引出下文，且A中的“more weight gain”与后面的“more weight gain”相呼应。故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据前一句“They were engaged in more attempts to lose weight.”可知，他们为了减肥尝试了更多。F项“但事实上，在过去的10年里，它对体重的增加起到了推波助澜的作用”承接上文，且F中的“weight gain over the 10-year period”与上文“gain more weight over 10 years”相呼应。故选F项。
【20题详解】
根据后面的“For the study, children's height and weight were measured at age 4 or 5”可知，在这项研究中，儿童的身高和体重是在4岁或5岁时测量的。E项“他们从一项澳大利亚儿童的研究中分析了这个数据”引出下文，且E中的“a study of Australian children”与上文中的“For the study”相呼应。故选E项。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Melbourne Girls' College is getting rid of all dustbins and asking students to take their rubbish home to encourage them to move towards zero waste.
Starting next Monday, the college will gradually___21___all the rubbish bins in five weeks in classrooms and the yard, ____22____1400 students and 140 staff to find their own home for chip packets and juice boxes. Volunteer students will ___23___ daily non- compulsory food inspections in which children bringing “zero waste" lunch boxes will be ___24___. Students using only ___25___ packaging will receive a token (礼券）to win prizes such as keepcups.
The rubbish that students take home may still go to landfill(废物填埋场）via their home bins, ___26___the new policy will help persuade___27___to buy fewer packaged items and reuse containers. Most issues around carrying rubbish home, such as smell and mess, can be solved.___28___tuna （金枪鱼）in a tin, for example, can___29___ the school's compost（堆肥）bin and the tin can be _____30_____ before it's taken home.
The college principal Karen Money acknowledges that some parents may not have the time or means to avoid ____31____ in single-use packaging, “but it's____32____to get as many people as we can to avoid it. We talk a lot, ____33____ educators, about the bad problems the world ____34____, and if we don't start putting some actions ____35____ that beautiful idea, then it's just empty."
21. A. replace B. wash C. clean D. remove
22. A. proving B. leaving C. promising D. allowing
23. A. receive B. forbid C. admit D. conduct
24. A. rewarded B. advised C. changed D. protected
25. A. creative B. usual C. reusable D. plastic
26. A. so B. but C. then D. though
27. A. teachers B. staff C. families D. classmates
28. A. Uneaten B. Uncooked C. Uncovered D. Unbroken
29. A. break down B. break through C. get through D. go into
30. A. returned B. washed C. reused D. spared
31. A. foods B. clothes C. drinks D. tools
32. A. keeping B. dreaming C. stopping D. trying
33. A. for B. to C. as D. with
34. A. solves B. shows C. faces D. follows
35. A. ahead of B. behind C. upon D. beyond
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B
【解析】
本文是一篇记述文。文章主要讲述了墨尔本女子学院正在清理所有垃圾箱，并要求学生们把垃圾带回家，以鼓励他们朝着零浪费的方向发展。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从下周一开始，学院将在五周内逐步清除教室和院子里的所有垃圾桶。A. replace代替；B. wash洗；C. clean打扫，清扫；D. remove去除，移动。由上文“asking students to take their rubbish home to encourage them to move towards zero waste”可知，此处指清除垃圾。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：让1400名学生和140名工作人员在自己家里寻找芯片包和果汁盒。A. proving证明；B. leaving让……处于（某种状态），离开；C. promising承诺；D. allowing允许。由上文内容可知，此处用leave。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：志愿学生每天将进行非强制性的食物检查。A. receive收到，接到；B. forbid禁止；C. admit承认，准许进入；D. conduct进行，实施，指挥。由后面的“inspections”可知，此处指进行检查。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：志愿者学生将进行日常的非强制性食品检查，携带“零浪费”午餐盒的儿童将获得奖励。A. rewarded奖励；B. advised建议；C. changed改变；D. protected保护。由后面的“win prizes”可知，此处指奖励。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：使用可重复使用的包装的学生将获得奖品，如可重复使用咖啡杯。A. creative创造性的；B. usual通常的；C. reusable可重复使用的；D. plastic塑料的。由下文“buy fewer packaged items and reuse containers”可知，此处指可重复使用的包装。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：学生带回家的垃圾仍然可以通过他们家的垃圾箱填埋，但新政策将有助于说服家庭减少购买包装物品和重复使用容器。A. so所以；B. but但是；C. then然后；D. though虽然。根据句意可知，此处两个分句之间是转折关系，应用连词but。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生带回家的垃圾仍然可以通过他们家的垃圾箱填埋，但新政策将有助于说服家庭减少购买包装物品和重复使用容器。A. teachers教师；B. staff职员；C. families家人，家庭；D. classmates同学。由前面的“take home”和“via their home bins”可知，此处指说服家庭。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，罐头里的未食用金枪鱼，可以放进学校的堆肥箱，罐头可以在被带回家之前清洗干净。A. Uneaten未吃的，剩下的；B. Uncooked未煮过的；C. Uncovered无覆盖的；D. Unbroken未破损的，完整的。根据常识可知，罐头里的金枪鱼是还未食用的。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：例如，罐头里的未食用金枪鱼，可以放进学校的堆肥箱，罐头可以在被带回家之前清洗干净。A. break down发生故障，分解；B. break through突破；C. get through通过，度过；D. go into进入，加入。根据语境可知，此处指放进堆肥箱。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，罐头里的未食用金枪鱼，可以放进学校的堆肥箱，罐头可以在被带回家之前清洗干净。A. returned返回，报答；B. washed清洗；C. reused再用；D. spared节约，吝惜。由语境及常识可知，罐头里的未食用金枪鱼，放进堆肥箱后，罐头要清洗干净。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些家长可能没有时间或手段避免食用一次性包装的食品。A. foods食物；B. clothes衣物；C. drinks饮料；D. tools工具。由语境可知，此处指一次性包装的食品。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但试图让尽可能多的人来避免。A. keeping保持；B. dreaming梦想；C. stopping停止；D. trying试图，尝试。由前面的“may not have the time or means to avoid”可知，此处指试图让尽可能多的人来避免。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：作为教育工作者，我们经常谈论世界面临的坏问题。A. for为了，给；B. to 朝，对于；C. as作为，如同，以……身份；D. with和……在一起，用，具有，随着。由上文“The college principal”及语境可知，此处指作为教育工作者。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为教育工作者，我们经常谈论世界面临的坏问题。A. solves解决；B. shows展示，表明；C. faces面对；D. follows跟随。由前面的“the bad problems the world”可知，此处用face，意为“世界面临的坏问题”。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：如果我们在这个美丽的想法之后不开始采取一些行动，那么它就是空的。A. ahead of在……之前；B. behind在……之后；C. upon在……之上；D. beyond超过。由句意及语境常识可知，提出某种想法之后采取一些行动。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sun Yang wins men's 400m freestyle in FINA Champions Swim Series on January 15 in Shenzhen. “My 400m free remains smooth all the time, showing that my training is___36___(effect). My goal this year is____37____ (win) at the Olympic Games," said Sun, who lost to Rapsys ___38___0. 03 in 200m freestyle on Tuesday. The world top-class athlete ___39___ (perfect) showed his dominant power in the 400m freestyle event in front of all his home fans, _____40_____ (suggest) that he is aiming high for the upcoming Tokyo Olympic Games.
Liu Xiang bagged her second gold medal in the 50m freestyle in 24. 04. “I got___41___ cold after I arrived here three days ago, _____42_____ I did not expect to win with a time equaling my personal best," said Liu. So far, China ____43____ (collect) 9 gold medals as the biggest winner.
According to FINA official website, the brand-new “FINA Champions Swim Series" is since 2019 a circuit ____44____ (gather) the top athletes of the sport, and it has an original ___45___ (compete) format including finals with only four swimmers.
【答案】36. effective
37. to win 38. by
39. perfectly
40. suggesting
41. a 42. so
43. has collected
44. gathering
45. competition
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了孙杨和刘湘在国际泳联冠军游泳系列赛获得冠军。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。根据前面的名词“my training”和be动词“was”可知，此处应用形容词。故填effective。
【37题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：我今年的目标是在奥运会上获胜。分析句子可知，此处表示目的，所以用to+动词原形。故填to win。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：在周二的200米自由泳以0.03输给了拉普西斯。在比赛中以多少分输给了对方一般用介词by。故填by。
【39题详解】
考查副词。此处应用副词修饰后面的动词showed。故填perfectly。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。根据前面的谓语动词showed可知，此处应用非谓语动词，用现在分词引导状语从句。故填suggesting。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。get a cold是固定短语，意为“感冒”。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：我三天前来这里后感冒了，所以我没想到能在个人最好成绩上扳平比分。根据句意可知，这两个分句之间是因果关系，所以用so。故填so。
【43题详解】
考查时态。时间状语so far与现在完成时连用，所以此处应用现在完成时。故填has collected。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。根据前面的谓语动词is可知，此处应用非谓语动词；circuit与动词gather之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填gathering。
【45题详解】
考查名词。根据前面的形容词“original”可知，此处应用名词。故填competition。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46.假如你是李华，你的学校电视台打算新开播一个英语栏目，请写信告诉你的英国朋友 Jack有关情况并征求他的建议，内容包括：
1.栏目名称和内容；
2.播出时段；
3.征求建议。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
To arouse students' interest in learning English and broaden their horizons, our school TV station plans to start a new English program named English around the World. Colorful cultures and lifestyles of different English-speaking countries will be introduced. The program will last from 4： 30 pm to 5: 00 pm every day, when most students are free. Besides, an English speech competition is to be held each term.
I hope you could give us some advice on how to make the program more popular.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写信告诉你的英国朋友Jack你的学校电视台打算新开播的英语栏目的有关情况并征求他的建议。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1. 栏目名称和内容。（the name and content of the program ）
2. 播出时段。（the exact time of the program）
3. 征求他的建议。（take his advice）
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
arouse students’ interest in; colorful cultures and lifestyles; last from … to…; English speech competition; give us some advice on
第三步：连词成句
1. To arouse students' interest in learning English and broaden their horizons our school TV station plans to start a new English program named English around the World.
2. Colorful cultures and lifestyles of different English-speaking countries will be introduced.
3. The program will last from 4: 30 pm to 5: 00 pm every day, when most students are free.
4. Besides, an English speech competition is to be held each term.
5. I hope you could give us some advice on how to make the program more popular.
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：The program will last from 4: 30 pm to 5: 00 pm every day, when most students are free.这句话运用了when引导的非限制性定语从句。使用了一些固定词组，如arouse one’s interest in；give sb. some advice on等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
第二节（满分25分）
47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续 写的词数应为150左右。
Tyler was enrolled in my senior class for a semester. He had impulse-control (克制冲 动)and anger management issues. He had been suspended(停课)many times in previous years. When he entered my class, I assumed the worst.
Tyler sat in the back row. Every time I talked in the front of the class, I would ask students questions, calling them by name. Unfortunately, every time I called on Tyler, he would respond with a glib（未经思考的）answer. If he got an answer wrong, he would become angry.
About a month into the year, I was still trying to connect with Tyler. I can usually get students involved in class discussions or at the least motivate them to sit quietly and attentively. By contrast, Tyler was just loud and offensive.
He had been in so much trouble through the years. He expected his teachers to know about his referrals（移交）where he was sent to the office, and suspensions, where he was given compulsory days to stay out of school. I had rarely found referrals to be effective because students would return from the office behaving worse than before.
One day, Tyler was talking while I was teaching. In the middle of the lesson, I said in the same tone of voice, “Tyler, why don't you join in our discussion instead of having one of your own?" With that, he got up from his chair, pushed it over and yelled something. I can't remember what he said other than that he included several impolite words. I sent Tyler to the office with a discipline referral , and he received a week's out — of — school suspension.
To this point, this was one of my worst teaching experiences. Tyler's anger was almost too much for me. The week Tyler was out of school was a wonderful time, and we got a lot accomplished as a class. However, the suspension week would soon come to an end, and I was fearful of his return.
On the day of Tyler's return, I stood at the door awaiting him.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A spark of surprise flashed across his face.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】On the day of Tyler's return, I stood at the door awaiting him・ At last he came, with his hands in his pockets. I went up to him and said hello. I wanted to break the ice. I asked him to talk to me for a moment. Taylor seemed reluctant at first, but finally agreed. I told him I was eager to start over with him. At the same time, I told him that if he couldn’t control himself sometimes in class, he could step out of the door for a while to collect himself.
A spark of surprise flashed across his face. He was stunned there, staring at me with wide eyes. But it was always pleasant to be believed in] He made up his mind that he had the power to choose his own way of behaving・ From then on, Taylor listened carefully and took an active part in class. He spared every minute to study. At the end of the year, Tyler wrote me a thank-you note telling me how great his year had been. I still have that note today, and it moves me to reread it when I'm stressed about teaching.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于读后续写，要求考生续写两段内容使之与已给出的材料构成一篇完整的短文。
【详解】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，作者的学生Tyler很难控制自己的情绪，很容易生气。在课堂上其他同学讨论问题时他总是吵闹，这让作者很无奈。但有一次Tyler被罚以后作者跟他好好聊天，从此那后他开始认真听课了，并感谢作者。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：Tyler回来的那天，我站在门口等他……，所以应该写我走到他跟前打招呼。我让他和我谈了一会儿。Tyler起初似乎很不情愿，但最后还是同意了。我告诉他我很想和他重新开始。同时，我告诉他，如果他有时在课堂上控制不住自己，他可以走出门一段时间来收拾自己。第二段开头是：他脸上有一丝惊讶……本段应该写从那时起，Tyler认真听讲，积极参加课堂。他不遗余力地学习。年底，泰勒给我写了一封感谢信，告诉我他的一年有多美好。我今天还留着那张纸条，当我对教学感到压力时，它让我重新读了一遍。
续写时我们要按照已给出的材料中的关键词来写两段内容。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右。按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：break the ice，be eager to；stare at；take an active part in等高级词汇；that引导的宾语从句At the same time, I told him that if he couldn’t control himself sometimes in class, he could step out of the door for a while to collect himself.；when引导的定语从句I still have that note today, and it moves me to reread it when I'm stressed about teaching.等高级句式。
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