2021高考英语一轮统考复习第一编Book5Unit15Learning课时作业（含解析）北师大版 练习

Unit 15 LearningⅠ.完形填空(原创题)My experience with writing has not been a smooth one. During my elementary school I __1__ dysgraphia (书写困难). Writing was definitely the worst task to me. It was too __2__ to remember all the instructions the teachers were giving, like spellings and the __3__ of capital and small letters. It became almost impossible to __4__ how to spell words.It took me too long to be able to write even very __5__ stories. For a long time, I felt that both my teachers and parents did not __6__ my situation. I tried many times to __7__ this challenge but even after a long __8__ my work was still full of __9__.As I progressed through school, my teachers were so much __10__ with my inability to combine tasks. More often, they asked me to do more of __11__ practices than any other. There were many writing __12__ ranging from homework assignments and class work to journals, note taking quizzes, tests and papers. As I __13__ from one stage to the next, I realized that I had to __14__ because even the initially standardized tests were moving towards fewer multiple choices questions, __15__ answers in the form of paragraphs and essays. __16__， I started experiencing improvements and I could easily __17__ notes to my friends. With numerous practices and experiences through my high school and now in college, my __18__ in writing has greatly improved. Today I can easily __19__ more important and complex tasks like writing important letters, reports, book analysis, term papers and essays. My ability to choose __20__ words, tones and formats while observing the rules of grammar has also greatly improved.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。日积月累，水滴石穿，恒心和毅力可以带来怎样的改变？不妨看看本篇文章中作者是怎样见证这一刻的。1.A.researched  B．fearedC.learned  D．developed 答案：D　结合下文的“Writing was definitely the worst task to me.”可知，作者患有书写困难症。develop有表示“患(病)”的意思。2.A.important  B．hardC.pleasant  D．necessary 答案：B　与前面的“the worst task”和“dysgraphia (书写困难)”呼应，指作者记住老师给出的指导非常困难(hard)。3.A.rule  B．differenceC.use  D．order 答案：C　根据后面的“of capital and small letters”可知，指拼写和使用(use)大小写字母的规则等。4.A.think about  B．set asideC.write down  D．find out 答案：A　与上文的“remember all the instructions the teachers were giving”呼应，指作者难以想象出(think about)怎样去拼写单词。5.A.funny B．seriousC.interesting  D．short 答案：D　与上文“It took me too long to be able to write”中的long形成对比，作者即使写短小(short)的故事，也会花费很长的时间。6.A.analyze  B．understandC.improve  D．mind 答案：B　作者感到老师和父母都不理解(understand)他的情况。7.A.overcome  B．acceptC.consider  D．ignore 答案：A　根据下文“but even after a long __8__ my work was still full of __9__”可知，作者努力了好多次来克服(overcome)这个困难。8.A.pursuit  B．vocationC.struggle  D．wait 答案：C　作者经过了长时间的奋斗(struggle)。9.A.burdens  B．mysteriesC.mistakes  D．secrets 答案：C　由上文描述作者患的疾病可知，经过努力，他的书写仍然存在着很多的错误(mistake)。10.A.amazed B．pleasedC.disappointed  D．concerned 答案：D　根据后面的“with my inability to combine tasks”可知，老师们非常关心(concerned)作者的书写能力。11.A.listening  B．writingC.reading  D．speaking 答案：B　上文反复地提到了writing，此处表示老师们让作者进行了大量的书写练习。12.A.requirements  B．booksC.comments  D．lessons 答案：A　根据后面的“ranging from homework assignments and class work to journals, note taking quizzes, tests and papers”和前面的“do more of writing practices”可知，此处指有大量的写作要求(requirement)。13.A.travelled  B．followedC.moved  D．jumped 答案：C　根据后面的“from one stage to the next”可知，作者从一个阶段走向(move)另外一个阶段。14.A.worry  B．chooseC.quit  D．adjust 答案：D　结合下文的“because even the initially standardized tests were moving towards fewer multiple choices questions”可知，作者意识到自己需要适应(adjust)，因为很多的考试已经没有了多项选择。15.A.giving  B．requiringC.replying  D．remembering 答案：B　根据后面的“answers in the form of paragraphs and essays”可知，这些考试题目要求(require)所给答案是以短文和段落形式出现，而不是选择题形式了。16.A.Slowly  B．FranklyC.Strangely  D．Totally 答案：A　根据后面的“started experiencing improvements and I could easily __17__ notes to my friends”可知，慢慢地(slowly)，作者取得了进步。17.A.make  B．composeC.send  D．explain 答案：B　与前面的“I started experiencing improvements”呼应，作者取得了进步，能够轻松地撰写(compose)笔记。18.A.skill  B．interestC.reward  D．trouble 答案：A　根据前面的“With numerous practices and experiences through my high school and now in college”可知，作者的写作技能(skill)得到了极大的改善。19.A.sort out  B．turn downC.deal with  D．apply for 答案：C　根据语境可知，现在作者能够轻松地应对(deal with)自己的书写问题。20.A.appropriate  B．memorableC.sincere  D．humorous 答案：A　与前面的improved呼应，指作者能够选择合适的(appropriate)词、语调和形式等。Ⅱ.阅读理解A(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms (微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It's turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.HUNCH is designed to connect high school class­rooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they're close to a solution (解决方案). “We don't give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers，” says Florence Gold, a project manager.“There are no tests，” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than‘Are you working towards your goal？’ Basically, it's ‘I've got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA.’Engineers come and really do an in­person review, and ... it's not a very nice thing at times. It's a hard business review of your product.”Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact  (影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back.  I don't teach.” And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国一所中学与NASA合作的联合科研项目，解决国际空间站中的细菌问题。1.What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station？A.They are hard to get rid of.B.They lead to air pollution.C.They appear in different forms.D.They damage the instruments.答案：A　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，来自我们身体的微生物在太空站的表面增长得很快，宇航员每周得花很长时间清理它们，由此断定太空站里的细菌很难清除，故答案为A。2.What is the purpose of the HUNCH program？A.To strengthen teacher­student relationships.B.To sharpen students' communication skills.C.To allow students to experience zero gravity.D.To link space technology with school education.答案：D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，HUNCH项目的目的是把学校教育与航天技术联系在一起，故答案为D。3.What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program？A.Check their product. B．Guide project designs.C.Adjust work schedules. D．Grade their homework.答案：A　细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，NASA工程师亲自检查那些高中学生的产品，故答案为A。4.What is the best title for the text？A.NASA: The Home of AstronautsB.Space: The Final Homework FrontierC.Nature: An Outdoor ClassroomD.HUNCH: A College Admission Reform答案：B　标题判断题。本文主要介绍了一个项目：把高中的教室教学与太空的研究联系起来，使学生们得到NASA工程师们的指导。因此在选标题时既要有太空，还要有学生，选项B将其完美地结合了起来，故答案为B。B(2020·广东省实验中学高三上学期第一次考试)Many high school students consider a college education useless. Therefore, they choose not to go to college. If you're one of them, think again. Here are some reasons why you should go to college and receive a good education there.Schools and universities are the first sources of knowledge. We take that knowledge later on to build our careers after graduation. More knowledge will be gained after you start working, but without an education, that job will not be within easy reach. Knowledge leads to knowledge.While limited within the walls of the educational institutions, we openly explore other cultures of the world. We come to know that ours is not the only culture. Other cultures have valuable insights to share, enriching our own. Education also makes us want to travel and interact with various cultures, broadening our horizons.When there's a downturn in the economy, those who attended college will be more likely to find a new job than those who only finished grade school and have limited skills. The more education you have, the more chances you will get to improve the quality of your life as you have a better job and earn a higher salary.When you're skillful and knowledgeable, you get to “rub knees” with people of similar backgrounds and tastes. It means a good education leads to excellent networking. Good networking can benefit you a lot in your later life.A good education makes you a more interesting person. You can talk about ideas and events instead of just other people and what's on sale in stores. An educated person doesn't gossip, having a preference to discuss ideas and listen to what other people have to say.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了上大学并在那里接受良好教育的一些理由。5.Paragraph 2 mainly shows that going to college allows you to ________.A.keep gaining knowledge           B.have a chance to study abroad C.become a more interesting person       D.realize the importance of knowledge答案：A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Schools and universities are the first sources of knowledge.”可知，学校和大学是知识的第一来源。由此可推知选A。6.According to Paragraph 3, what does going to college mean？A.Thinking differently from others. B.Valuing our own culture much more. C.Being limited within the walls of a college. D.Having a greater understanding of different cultures.答案：D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Other cultures have valuable insights to share, enriching our own. Education also makes us want to travel and interact with various cultures, broadening our horizons.”其他文化有宝贵的见解可以分享，丰富我们自己的文化。教育也让我们想去旅行，与不同的文化交流，开阔我们的视野，可知选D。7.By giving the example of a downturn in the economy, what does the author want to show?    A.A good education can improve your tastes. B.A good education sometimes means nothing. C.A good education allows you to keep a high quality of life. D.A good education means you will not lose your job.答案：C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The more education you have, the more chances you will get to improve the quality of your life as you have a better job and earn a higher salary.”你受的教育越多，你就有更多的机会来提高你的生活质量，因为你有更好的工作和更高的薪水，可知选C。8.What is the text mainly about?    A.Sources of knowledge. B.Benefits of attending college. C.The disadvantages of not being educated. D.The reason why some people think college useless.答案：B　主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Here are some reasons why you should go to college and receive a good education there.”可知，本文主要说明上大学接受好的教育的理由，故选B。Ⅲ.短文改错(2019·湖北名校联盟高三第三次模拟测试卷押题第一套)Last weekend, I went to visit my English teacher, who was already in his fifty. He gives me a lot of help when I was a junior middle school student. Delighting to see me, he asked my senior middle school life. Then he advised me to make fully preparations for the coming entrance examination. It was so a pleasure to see him again that I didn't notice it was pretty later. I had to say goodbye to each other.He is not only a good teacher but my close friend. Wherever I will go, I will always treasure a time that I spent with my teacher.答案：Last weekend, I went to visit my English teacher, who was already in his . He  me a lot of help when I was a junior middle school student.  to see me, he asked  my senior middle school life. Then he advised me to make  preparations for the coming entrance examination. It was  a pleasure to see him again that I didn't notice it was pretty .  had to say goodbye to each other.He is not only a good teacher but my close friend. Wherever I will go, I   always treasure  time that I spent with my teacher.1.fifty→fifties　考查固定词组。句意：他已经五十多岁了。in one's fifties是固定词组。故fifty改为fifties。2.gives→gave　考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，此处描述的是上周的事情，应使用一般过去时。故gives改为gave。3.Delighting→Delighted　考查形容词。此处为形容词作状语，修饰主语he的状态，应使用－ed形容词。故Delighting改为Delighted。4.asked后加about　考查固定搭配。ask about sth. “询问有关某事的情况”。asked后加about。5.fully→full　考查形容词。此处修饰名词preparations，应使用形容词。故fully改为full。6.so→such　考查固定句型。such＋a＋单数名词＋that ... “如此……以至于……”，为固定句型。故so改为such。7.later→late　考查形容词。later “后来的”；late “晚的”。句意：我没有注意到已经很晚了。故later改为late。8.I→We　考查代词。由后面的“to each other”可知此处指我们。故I改为We。9.去掉will　考查动词的时态。让步状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来。故去掉will。10.a→the　考查冠词。此处特指“我”和老师一块度过的时间。故a改为the。