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2019届贵州省黔东南州高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语试题（解析版）
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黔东南州2019届高考模拟考试
英语试题
考生注意：
1. 本试卷共120分，考试时间100分钟。
2. 请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。
3. 本试卷主要考试内容：高考全部内容。
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Movies in 2018
The past year was a big year in the world of art and culture. Here is a list of the top movies last year.
Black Panther
Release time: February
The month of February brought movie lovers Black Panther, the superhero movie from Marvel Comics. The film tells the story of an imaginary African nation called Wakanda. The film earned critical praise and a lot of money. In fact, it has become the 12th highest-earning film of all time worldwide.
A Star is Born
Release time: October
In October, the world saw singer Lady Gaga change herself completely on the silver screen. Gaga starred opposite Bradley Cooper in the movie A Star is Born. The film was met with much public excitement and earned $100 million in US theaters in just 12 days. The film and its stars are widely expected to receive Oscar nominations (提名).
Bohemian Rhapsody
Release time: November
November brought the release of the film Bohemian Rhapsody. It tells the story of Queen, the British rock group that rose to worldwide fame in the 1970s. While the film has not received high marks from critics, music lovers around the world seem pleased. The film made $ 600 million in its first five weeks, making it the most successful music biographical film ever.
Roma
Release time: December
The Oscars are still a few months away, but the talk of the awards is already underway. In fact, the Academy released its shortlist for nine categories, including candidates for the best foreign language film. As is expected, Mexico’s critically praised Roma is among them.
Roma tells the story of a housekeeper for a middle-class family in Mexico City during the 1970s. Film critics also expect the film to compete for the Best Picture award. No foreign language film has ever won Best Picture at the Oscars before.
1. Which film focuses on the theme of music?
A. Black Panther. B. A Star is Born.
C. Bohemian Rhapsody. D. Roma.
2. What did the film A Star is Born mean to Lady Gaga?
A. It made her first appear on screen.
B. It made her become a singer.
C. It helped her receive the Oscars finally
D. It contributed to her career transformation.
3. What do we know about Roma?
A. It has ever won Best Picture at the Oscars.
B. It has ever been criticized by the Academy.
C. It is expected by some people to win the Oscars.
D. It is regarded as the best foreign language film.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。艺术和文化领域，过去的2018年是重要的一年。文章介绍了2018年最热门的几部电影。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bohemian Rhapsody部分的While the film has not received high marks from critics, music lovers around the world seem pleased. The film made $ 600 million in its first five weeks, making it the most successful music biographical film ever.（虽然这部电影没有得到评论家的好评，但全世界的音乐爱好者似乎都很高兴。这部电影在上映五周内就赚了6亿美元，成为有史以来最成功的音乐传记电影）可知，Bohemian Rhapsody是一部以音乐为主题的电影。故C选项正确。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据A Star is Born部分的In October, the world saw singer Lady Gaga change herself completely on the silver screen.（今年10月，全世界都看到歌手Lady Gaga在银幕上彻底改变了自己）可知，电影A Star is Born促成了Lady Gaga的职业转型。故D选项正确。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Roma部分的In fact, the Academy released its shortlist for nine categories, including candidates for the best foreign language film. As is expected, Mexico’s critically praised Roma is among them.（事实上，美国电影艺术与科学学院公布了包括最佳外语片在内的9个奖项的候选名单。不出所料，墨西哥备受好评的Roma也在其中）可推知，有些人希望Roma能赢得奥斯卡奖。故C选项正确。
【点睛】细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。
以本文第1小题为例，本题运用定位法：我们根据题干Which film focuses on the theme of music?其关键词是the theme of music，从而直接定位到含有music的文段——Bohemian Rhapsody部分的While the film has not received high marks from critics, music lovers around the world seem pleased. The film made $ 600 million in its first five weeks, making it the most successful music biographical film ever.（虽然这部电影没有得到评论家的好评，但全世界的音乐爱好者似乎都很高兴。这部电影在上映五周内就赚了6亿美元，成为有史以来最成功的音乐传记电影）可知，Bohemian Rhapsody是一部以音乐为主题的电影。故C选项正确。
B
The woman didn’t like us. We didn’t do anything to offend her and she didn’t know us but that didn’t matter. As new female teachers in the Emirati School, we Westerners greeted her every day. Whenever we saw her, she avoided eye contact with us. Eventually, some of us stopped trying to befriend her.
Well after 16 months in the school, we had a secret pal gifting. I drew her name from the glass jar and that meant she was my secret pal. My role was to buy her a gift and say something about her when we publicly acknowledged who our secret pal was.
I bought her a small rose arrangement and asked someone to write a message on it and then sent it to her room. She was so touched. Next day I sent a bottle of shampoo but I wrote the message in English because she needed to know her secret pal was a Westerner before the day of the “big reveal”. I also sent her a fragrant candle.
I had brought a few gifts from Ireland when I returned to the Middle East in September. I decided to gift her a silver coloured bangle.
Then came the day of the “big reveal”. We all gathered in the staff meeting room and everyone was excited. The host said, “Several days ago, when you received your gift, you wrote a few kind words about your secret pal and passed the gift to them.” She taught music in the school so I said, “My secret pal is someone who brings music to our ears every day of the week.” I didn’t even need to say her name because everyone knew exactly who I meant.
She came forward with a huge warm smile. She hugged me and kissed me on both cheeks and graciously accepted my gifts. I think everyone’s understanding of things is subjective, so we should have more communication with people around us.
4. How did the woman respond to the Westerners greetings?
A. She blamed them. B. She kept away from seeing their eyes.
C. She treated them kindly. D. She avoided meeting them again.
5. What was the author supposed to do after knowing the name of her secret friend?
A. Prepare a gift for her. B. Write a speech about her.
C. Find out who it is. D. Chat with her.
6. Why did the author write the message in English in paragraph 3?
A. To show other teachers her identity.
B. To teach the woman some English.
C. To let the woman know her nationality.
D. To make other teachers better understand her intention.
7. What was the woman’s attitude towards the author at last?
A. Friendly. B. Doubtful.
C. Regretful. D. Forgiving.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. A
【解析】
本文为记叙文。作为阿联酋学校新来的女教师，我们西方人每天都和她打招呼。我们每次见到她，她都避免与我们目光接触。最终，我们中的一些人不再试图和她交朋友。16个月之后，我们有一个“送礼物的秘密朋友”的活动。我从玻璃瓶里抽到她的名字，意思是她是我的秘密朋友。我给她买了一个小玫瑰花束，请人在上面留言，然后把它送到她的房间。她很感动。第二天，我送了一瓶洗发水，但我用英语写了这条信息，因为她需要在“大揭秘”之前知道她的秘密朋友是西方人。我还送给她一支香喷喷的蜡烛。最后，她接受了我，很有礼貌地当面接受了我的礼物。我认为每个人对事物的理解都是主观的，所以我们应该多和身边的人交流。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的As new female teachers in the Emirati School, we Westerners greeted her every day. Whenever we saw her, she avoided eye contact with us.（作为阿联酋学校新来的女教师，我们西方人每天都和她打招呼。我们每次见到她，她都避免与我们目光接触）可知，当西方人跟她打招呼时，她总是避免与人们目光接触。故B选项正确。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的My role was to buy her a gift and say something about her when we publicly acknowledged who our secret pal was.（我的职责是给她买一件礼物，当我们公开承认谁是我们的秘密朋友时，对她说点什么）可知，当作者知道了她的秘密朋友的名字后，她要给秘密朋友准备一份礼物。故A选项正确。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的I wrote the message in English because she needed to know her secret pal was a Westerner before the day of the “big reveal”.（我用英语写这条信息，因为她需要在“大揭秘”之前知道她的秘密朋友是西方人）可知，作者用英语写这条信息是为了让这位女士知道她的国籍。故C选项正确。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的She came forward with a huge warm smile. She hugged me and kissed me on both cheeks and graciously accepted my gifts.（她带着温暖的笑容走上前来。她拥抱我，亲吻我的双颊，很有礼貌地接受了我的礼物）可知，最后，这位女士对作者非常友好。故A选项正确。
C
A new study explores the custom of tipping in the United States. Many Americans give tips to people who perform a job for them, especially workers in the service industry. They pay a little extra to people cutting their hair, driving them across town or serving them a meal at a restaurant.
The researchers found that men give bigger tips to restaurant workers than women. And people who live in the northern US are more generous with tips than those living in the South. People who earn $ 50, 000 or more a year give bigger tips than those who earn less than $50, 000. There is one likely reason: the wealthier Americans have more money to spend.
Michael Lynn is a professor of consumer behavior and marketing at the Cornell University School of Hotel Administration in New York. In other words, he knows a lot about the issue of tipping. In earlier surveys, Lynn said he found mixed results on the generosity of men and women when it comes to tipping. In some studies, men gave bigger tips than women. In others, women gave more money.
Lynn’s own research in American restaurants found that men give bigger tips when the restaurant server is a woman and women give more when the server is a man. Tips are very important to service employees. People who work at restaurants often get most of their earnings from tips.
Nationwide, Americans generally tip between 15 to 20 percent at restaurants and leave from $2 to S 10 a day for the people who clean their hotel rooms. Tips of 15 percent of the reading on the meter (计价器) are also common for people who drive taxis.
But here is something to keep in mind. If you are able to give the person serving you a tip or a bigger one than what is expected, your generosity will be welcome. Many service workers do not make much money, and even an extra dollar or two can make a difference in their lives.
8. What is paragraph I mainly about?
A. A study in a restaurant. B. A job offering a lot of tips.
C. The service industry in the US. D. The custom of tipping in the US.
9. What is Lynn’s finding in American restaurants?
A. People give more tips to the opposite sex server.
B. People are always more generous to service employers.
C. Men give the same tips to the women restaurant servers as women.
D. Men always give more tips to the men restaurant servers than women.
10. How much tips do Americans generally pay if the reading on the taximeter is $100?
A. $2. B. $10.
C. $15. D. $20.
11. What is the authors attitude towards tipping?
A. Doubtful. B. Critical.
C. Uncaring. D. Supportive.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
本文为说明文。许多美国人会给那些为他们工作的人小费，尤其是服务业的员工。一项新研究探讨了美国付小费的习俗。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段主要介绍了美国人给小费是一种习俗。故D选项正确。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的Lynn’s own research in American restaurants found that men give bigger tips when the restaurant server is a woman and women give more when the server is a man.（林恩自己对美国餐馆的研究发现，当餐馆服务员是女性时，男性给的小费更多，而当服务员是男性时，女性给的小费更多）可知，林恩通过研究发现人们会给异性服务员更多的小费。故A选项正确。
【10题详解】
数字计算题。根据倒数第二段中的Tips of 15 percent of the reading on the meter (计价器) are also common for people who drive taxis.（打车时给出租车司机15%的小费也很常见）可知，美国人通常在出租车计价器上的读数为100美元时，付给司机15美元的小费是正常的。故C选项正确。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第一段中的Many service workers do not make much money, and even an extra dollar or two can make a difference in their lives.（许多服务人员赚不了多少钱，甚至一两美元也能改变他们的生活）可推知，作者支持给小费这种习俗。故D选项正确。
D
People often feel anonymous (匿名) on the Internet. They believe their browsing behaviors and what they buy or write can be private as they want. In fact, that’s far from true, a new study finds.
Websites usually offer a statement that describes what they may or may not do with data about a user’s activities. You might be attracted to read through that entire document. But be prepared for disappointment. These documents tend to list only a small part of the websites which are allowed to have access to your data. Therefore, it’s impossible for users to make informed judgments about how private their online activities are.
The new research explored the disclosure on data-sharing by 200, 000 websites. These included the Arkansas state government homepage and the Country Music site. The study analyzed how these sites shared data with third parties. Such recipients of your data could be advertisers or companies that make money by selling personal data. The study also examined how those sites had described their policy for protecting the data privacy.
Timothy Libert, who works at Oxford University, studies data privacy. For this analysis, he used a software tool called webXray. It tracked 1.8 million data shared by each of those websites with third-party data collectors. Only 14.8% of those data went to third parties that were named in the sites privacy policies.
Data that were transferred to widely familiar third parties—Google, Facebook and Twitter—were more likely to be leaked than those were transferred to unknown parties. Libert found that 38.3% of data sent to Google had been leaked.
Even if a website listed all of the third parties it shared your data with, users still might never learn how widely their data had been shared. Why? Third parties that receive data can later share those data again. Think of your data now being transmitted to anonymous fourth and fifth parties. Getting online is “sort of like throwing beans in the air,” Libert concludes. “There’s no way to know where your data end up.”
12. What aspect of the websites statements will disappoint people?
A. The length of the documents. B. The reliability of the information.
C. The readability of the contents. D. The accuracy of the language.
13. What does the underlined word “disclosure” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Reveal. B. Money.
C. Disappointment. D. Advertisement.
14. What did Libert find in his study?
A. More than a quarter of data-sharing went to unnamed third parties.
B. The data on the Internet is always kept secret by third parties.
C. Widely familiar third parties could collect users’ data more difficultly.
D. Widely familiar third parties were more likely to leak out users’ online data.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Famous websites are no longer safe
B. Private data can no longer be private
C. Data-sharing is becoming very unpopular
D. Large companies make money by selling personal data
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。人们在网上常常觉得自己是匿名的。他们相信他们的浏览行为和他们购买或写的东西可以是他们想要的隐私。事实上，一项新的研究发现，事实远非如此。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的Websites usually offer a statement that describes what they may or may not do with data about a user’s activities.（网站通常会提供一份声明，说明他们可以或不可以处理用户活动的数据）及But be prepared for disappointment. These documents tend to list only a small part of the websites which are allowed to have access to your data.（但要做好失望的准备。这些文档往往只列出允许访问您的数据的一小部分网站）可推知，网站声明信息的可靠性会让人们失望。故B选项正确。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后的data-sharing by 200, 000 websites（20万个网站数据共享）可知，划线词所在句句意为“这项新研究探索了20万个网站数据共享的披露情况。” A. Reveal披露；B. Money钱；C. Disappointment.失望；D. Advertisement广告。故A选项正确。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Data that were transferred to widely familiar third parties—Google, Facebook and Twitter—were more likely to be leaked than those were transferred to unknown parties.（被转移到广为人知的第三方——谷歌、面谱和推特——的数据比被转移到未知方的数据更容易被泄露）可知，广泛熟悉的第三方更有可能泄露用户的在线数据。故D选项正确。
【15题详解】
标题判断题。通读全文可知，人们在网上常常觉得自己是匿名的。他们相信他们的浏览行为和他们购买或写的东西可以是他们想要的隐私。事实上，一项新的研究发现，事实远非如此。因此，B项“私人数据不再是私有的”适合做本文最佳标题。故B选项正确。
【点睛】依据逻辑推理猜测词义：运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。在第2小题中，考生可以根据该划线词所在的上下文语境来推测其指代对象。根据划线词后的data-sharing by 200, 000 websites（20万个网站数据共享）可知，划线词所在句句意为“这项新研究探索了20万个网站数据共享的披露情况。” A. Reveal披露；B. Money钱；C. Disappointment.失望；D. Advertisement广告。故A选项正确。
第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Basketball is a great sport that is not only fun, but also brings children many benefits in different ways. ___16___.
Playing basketball has physical benefits. Children are full of energy—they need to move, jump and run constantly. Basketball will allow them to control that energy in a positive way. It’s a full-body sport. ___17___ Since it’s a fast and dynamic sport, children need to follow the game and the continuous movement of the ball. The ball moves quickly from one side of the court to the other and the kids move at the same pace which helps improve both resistance and speed.
Playing basketball has cognitive (认知的) benefits. Children who practice playing basketball develop skills that help them fight against opponents and move around the court. This sport helps them increase their ability to concentrate. ___18___ Children will learn to assess surrounding situations and problems that may arise, and then find the best and fastest solution. The fast pace of the game encourages quick decision-making and stimulates their concrete and abstract thinking.
___19___ Since it’s a team sport, basketball promotes sociability, coexistence and respect among peers. It’s ideal for shy children because they will have to learn to interact with other players. This is important both to get better at the sport and to have more fun. They will also learn important values like cooperation, teamwork and competitiveness.
___20___ In fact, there are many other benefits. The most important thing is that it’s a very fast and fun sport. This tends to make the vast majority of children enjoy it.
A. Playing basketball just has entertaining benefits.
B Playing basketball has social and emotional advantages.
C. These are not all of the advantages of playing basketball.
D. This means that it strengthens muscles in their whole body.
E. It also makes them more aware of the environment around them.
F. This sport promotes healthy development in children for a number of reasons.
G. However, there are some disadvantages when children keep running on the court.
【答案】16. F 17. D
18. E 19. B
20. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。篮球是一项极好的运动，不仅有趣，而且以不同的方式给孩子们带来很多好处。
【16题详解】
根据上文Basketball is a great sport that is not only fun, but also brings children many benefits in different ways.（篮球是一项极好的运动，不仅有趣，而且以不同的方式给孩子们带来很多好处）可知，F项“由于许多原因，这项运动促进儿童的健康发展”符合此处语境。原文brings children many benefits与F项中的promotes healthy development in children相对应。故F选项正确。
【17题详解】
根据上文It’s a full-body sport.（这是一项全身运动）可知，D项“这意味着它能增强全身的肌肉”符合此处语境。原文full-body与D项中的whole body相对应。故D选项正确。
【18题详解】
根据下文Children will learn to assess surrounding situations and problems that may arise, and then find the best and fastest solution.（孩子们将学会评估周围可能出现的情况和问题，然后找到最好和最快的解决方案）可知，E项“这也让他们更加了解周围的环境”符合此处语境。原文assess surrounding situations and problems与E项中的aware of the environment around相对应。故E选项正确。
【19题详解】
根据下文Since it’s a team sport, basketball promotes sociability, coexistence and respect among peers.（由于篮球是一项团队运动，它促进了同伴之间的社交、共存和尊重）可知，B项“打篮球有社交和情感上的优势”符合此处语境。原文promotes sociability, coexistence and respect与B项中的social and emotional advantages相对应。故B选项正确。
【20题详解】
根据下文In fact, there are many other benefits.（事实上，还有许多其他好处）可知，C项“这些并不是打篮球的全部好处”符合此处语境。原文other benefits与C项中的not all of the advantages相对应。故C选项正确。
【点睛】七选五题型主要考查上下文的理解与推断，虽然文章整体难度一般低于阅读理解，但是却给很多同学造成了很大的心理障碍。七个选项中选五个，比四个选项中选一个，感觉干扰性更大，很大同学在做这个题目时，总有一种眼花缭乱、心烦气躁的感觉，致使往往正确率不高。在这里提醒同学们，首先要克服心理障碍，同时要注意方式方法。其次，注意设空前后的句子，因为这些句子之间是顺承和联系的，所有一定要联系和理解上下文的语境。例如第1小题，根据上文Basketball is a great sport that is not only fun, but also brings children many benefits in different ways.（篮球是一项极好的运动，不仅有趣，而且以不同的方式给孩子们带来很多好处）可知，F项“由于许多原因，这项运动促进儿童的健康发展”符合此处语境。原文brings children many benefits与F项中的promotes healthy development in children相对应。故F选项正确。
第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In the summer of my eleventh year, the home I had grown up in was ___21___ in the middle of the night. Thankfully, my mom, dad, brothers and I ___22___ through the smoke. However. we had only the night clothes we were ___23___ in.
I ___24___ the rest of that night with friends of our family ___25___ trying to sleep in a bed in their basement. That’s because I was too ___26___ to sleep. I didn’t know what ___27___ things would lie ahead of us. The next day, my mom ___28___ me a few T-shirts and pairs of jeans given to her by another friend. One pair of jeans was too short and the other was too long but I didn’t ___29___. At least I had some clothes again. Meanwhile my dad ___30___ to the blackened ruins of our home to see what he could find. The only thing he could ___31___ was my mom’s wedding rings. The plastic case she had put them in that night had melted but protected the rings from the ___32___.
As the ___33___ days went on, in spite of having little money, my dad was able to ___34___ us a dusty old house by the side of the road near where our old house had been. As we moved in, our friends and our community continued to ___35___ all they could to help us ___36___ our feet. There was more clothes, furniture, food, money and even some books for me to recover from the disaster.
Looking back now, I am ___37___ for all we went through because it ___38___ me so much about life, love and people. It showed that love is enough for the first time, when you have nothing left but ___39___. So here may you always have ___40___ love for all the days of your life.
21. A. burned out B. repaired C. moved D. washed away
22. A. walked B. escaped C. looked D. rested
23. A. working B. eating C. entertaining D. sleeping
24. A. preferred B. forgot C. spent D. described
25. A. usually B. unsuccessfully C. formally D. irregularly
26. A. scared B. crazy C. hesitant D. old
27. A. illegal B. harmonious C. terrible D. smooth
28. A. purchased B. brought C. awarded D. paid
29. A. regret B. respond C. care D. contradict
30. A. returned B. added C. referred D. admitted
31. A. lose B. sense C. save D. recall
32. A. mud B. ruins C. dust D. flames
33. A. summer B. spring C. autumn D. winter
34. A. buy B. rent C. borrow D. sell
35. A. explain B. discount C. empty D. donate
36. A. make use of B. check on C. get back on D. relieve of
37. A. hateful B. anxious C. bound D. grateful
38. A. guaranteed B. taught C. cautioned D. discouraged
39. A. love B. clothes C. furniture D. food
40. A. shallow B. romantic C. selfish D. sufficient
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文为记叙文。11岁的时候，作者住的房子在半夜三更被烧成了灰烬。幸运的是，作者的爸爸、妈妈、奶奶、几个哥哥，还有作者，包括他们养的几条狗，都逃了出来。朋友们在物质上和精神上给了他们很大帮助，帮助他们一家渡过了难关，重新开始了新的生活。作者明白了只要身边有爱，生活就有希望。作者希望有机会帮助别人的时候，尽其所能去多做。
【21题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. burned out烧坏；B. repaired维修；C. moved移动；D. washed away冲走。根据下文Thankfully, my mom, dad, brothers and I ___2___ through the smoke.可知，作者家失火了，家被烧坏了。故A选项正确。
【22题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. walked走；B. escaped逃跑；C. looked看；D. rested休息。因为失火，所以作者一家从大火中逃了出来。故B选项正确。
【23题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. working工作；B. eating吃；C. entertaining娱乐；D. sleeping睡觉。作者一家只有睡觉时穿的睡衣。故D选项正确。
【24题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. preferred更喜欢；B. forgot忘记；C. spent度过；D. described描述。那天晚上剩下的时间作者和家人的朋友一起度过。故C选项正确。
【25题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. usually经常地；B. unsuccessfully不成功地；C. formally正常地；D. irregularly不规则地。根据下文That’s because I was too ___6___ to sleep.可知，作者没能地下室的床上想睡着。故B选项正确。
【26题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. scared害怕的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. hesitant迟疑的；D. old老的。作者太害怕了，以至于睡不着。故A选项正确。
【27题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. illegal非法的；B. harmonious和谐的；C. terrible可怕的；D. smooth顺利的。作者不知道他们面前会发生什么可怕的事情。故C选项正确。
【28题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. purchased购买；B. brought带来；C. awarded授予；D. paid支付。第二天，作者的妈妈给他带来了几件T恤和牛仔裤，这是另一个朋友送给她的。故B选项正确。
【29题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. regret后悔；B. respond回应；C. care关心，顾虑；D. contradict反驳。根据下文At least I had some clothes again.可知，一条牛仔裤太短，另一条太长，但作者并不在乎。故C选项正确。
【30题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. returned返回；B. added增加；C. referred提及；D. admitted承认。同时，作者父亲回到他们家的废墟那里，看看他能找到什么。故A选项正确。
【31题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. lose失去；B. sense感觉到；C. save挽救；D. recall回忆。作者的父亲唯一能挽救的就是他母亲的结婚戒指。故C选项正确。
【32题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. mud泥；B. ruins废墟；C. dust尘土；D. flames火焰。那天晚上她放戒指的塑料盒子已经融化了，但是保护戒指不受火焰的伤害。故D选项正确。
【33题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. summer夏天；B. spring春天；C. autumn秋天；D. winter冬天。根据上文In the summer of my eleventh year, the home I had grown up in was ___1___ in the middle of the night.可知，随着夏天一天天过去。故A选项正确。
【34题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. buy买；B. rent租；C. borrow借；D. sell卖。尽管没有多少钱，作者的父亲还是在路边租到一所满是灰尘的旧房子，它离他们原来住的房子很近。故B选项正确。
【35题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. explain解释；B. discount打折；C. empty使……成为空的；D. donate捐赠。根据下文There was more clothes, furniture, food, money and even some books for me to recover from the disaster.可知，他们的朋友、社区一直给他们捐东西帮助作者一家。故D选项正确。
【36题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. make use of利用；B. check on检查；C. get back on回到；D. relieve of消除。作者的朋友和社区继续尽其所能帮助他们东山再起。get back on one’s feet“东山再起，某人重新振作”。故C选项正确。
【37题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. hateful可恨的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. bound有义务的；D. grateful感激的。现在回想起来，作者很感激他们所经历的一切。故D选项正确。
【38题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. guaranteed保证；B. taught教；C. cautioned警告；D. discouraged阻止。因为那些经历教会了作者很多关于生活、爱和人的东西。故B选项正确。
【39题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. love爱；B. clothes衣服；C. furniture家具；D. food食物。当你一无所有，只剩下爱的时候，第一次证明爱就足够了。故A选项正确。
【40题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. shallow肤浅的；B. romantic浪漫的；C. selfish自私的；D. sufficient足够的。所以，在这里，愿你一生一世都有足够的爱。故D选项正确。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第1小题要求判断出作者家怎么样了。该题根据下文Thankfully, my mom, dad, brothers and I ___2___ through the smoke.可知，作者家失火了，家被烧坏了。A. burned out烧坏；B. repaired维修；C. moved移动；D. washed away冲走。故A选项正确。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
TCM, or Traditional Chinese Medicine, is a profound (深远的) pathway to create the life you truly want to live and the life you were born to live. It’s a timeless bridge, ___41___can start and support ___42___ (grow) in every life dimension—physical, mental and emotional.
TCM has an ancient but completely modern healing system and it has the power to unlock your true potential and help you develop and use your own unique talents. ___43___ (it) wisdom and ability to understand individual health needs empowers each person with a way ___44___ (unite) body, mind and spirit-the foundation for lasting and authentic health. TCM teaches you how to live ___45___ balanced and harmonious life.
It’s true ___46___ TCM is one of the oldest healing systems on the planet. It has ___47___ (actual) been in continuous practice for thousands of years. How can something so old still work for people living today?
TCM can ___48___ (apply) to help heal anyone no matter what year it is because it’s rooted in unchanging natural law, which has its source beyond time. The unique medicine grew out of ___49___ (observe) carefully how everything in reality functions at the deepest, invisible levels and interacts with the surface or visible physical levels. It’s the medicine of extraordinary relationships. Every TCM principle ___50___ (reflect) and harmonizes with the relationships that exist within natural law.
【答案】41. which
42. growth 43. Its
44. to unite
45. a 46. that
47. actually
48. be applied
49. observing
50. reflects
【解析】
本文为说明文。文章介绍了中国的中医。中医是创造你真正想要的生活和你与生俱来的生活的深刻途径。中医有一个古老但完全现代的治疗系统，它有能力释放你的真正潜力，帮助你开发和使用你自己独特的才能。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词是a timeless bridge，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【42题详解】
考查名词。此处做start和support的宾语，意为“开始并支持成长”，应使用名词。故填growth。
【43题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。此处指“它的智慧和能力”，应使用形容词词性物主代词。故填Its。
【44题详解】
考查不定式。此处指“有一种方法来统一身体、思想和精神——持久和真正的健康的基础”，way“方式，方法”，常用不定式做定语。故填to unite。
【45题详解】
考查不定冠词。固定短语：live a…life“过着一种……的生活”。故填a。
【46题详解】
考查主语从句。此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，从句不缺成分，应使用只起连接作用的代词that引导。故填that。
【47题详解】
考查副词。此处修饰动词been，应使用副词形式。故填actually。
【48题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：中医可以被应用于帮助治愈任何人。根据句意，此处应使用被动语态。故填be applied。
【49题详解】
考查现在分词。此处位于介词of后且表动作，应使用现在分词。故填observing。
【50题详解】
考查主谓一致。“every+名词单数”做主语时，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填reflects。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When I first reached junior high school without my parents, I was very happy. Then I saw them getting further away from school gate. I started crying because of the thought of not often seeing my parents drove me crazily, I was then taken to my dorm in that I found other children very happy. I was sick because I hated eating the school food. I failed to concentrating in class. All I could think of was being at home with my family. As time gone by, I gradually adapted me to the school life. Thank to my parents, I finally learned to be independence and control my emotions.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
本文为记叙文。文章记叙了作者刚刚开始初中生活的感受。
【详解】第一处：考查介词。without“没有”，with“和……在一起”。根据下文Then I saw them getting further away可知，作者的父母陪着他去上学。故without改为with。
第二处：考查定冠词或形容词性物主代词。此处特指“我学校的校门”，应使用定冠词或形容词性物主代词。故school前加the/my。
第三处：考查连词。because是连词，其后接从句；because of后接词组，此处是从句，应去掉because后的of。故去掉because后的of。
第四处：考查形容词。固定搭配：drive sb./sth.+adj.“使某人/某事怎么样”。故crazily改为crazy。
第五处：考查定语从句。此处先行词是my dorm，关系词在介词in后，应使用关系代词which引导，in which=where。故that改为which。
第六处：考查动词形式。固定搭配：fail to do sth.“没能做某事”。故concentrating改为concentrate。
第七处：考查动词形式。as引导时间状语从句，此处做谓语，根据语境，应使用一般过去时。故gone改为went。
第八处：考查代词。固定搭配：adapt oneself to“使自己适应”。故me改为myself。
第九处：考查固定短语。固定短语：thanks to“由于，多亏了”。故Thank改为Thanks。
第十处：考查形容词。此处做表语，意为“最终我学会了自立”，应使用形容词。故independence改为independent。
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，马上就要填报高考志愿（apply for admission into a university）了，你的外教Adam发邮件向你询问相关情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 你打算申请的专业；
2. 选择本专业的原因；
3. 希望得到专业选择方面的指导。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Adam,
Thank you very much for your concern about my applying for admission into a university. I’d like to talk about it.
The major I plan to apply for is computer programming. There are some reasons for it. Firstly, I have always been interested in computer science, especially the software programming. Besides, I think computer programming can cultivate my logical thinking ability. In the process of programming, I can improve my ability to concentrate, which is needed in doing everything in my life.
That’s just my personal thinking. I really hope to get your guidance to the choice of major.
I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件；假定你是李华，马上就要填报高考志愿（apply for admission into a university）了，你的外教Adam发邮件向你询问相关情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1. 你打算申请的专业；2. 选择本专业的原因；3. 希望得到专业选择方面的指导。人称使用第一人称，时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：concern about（关心），major（专业），be interested in（对……感兴趣），guidance to the choice of major（专业选择方面的指导）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如定语从句The major I plan to apply for is computer programming. In the process of programming, I can improve my ability to concentrate, which is needed in doing everything in my life.；非谓语动词的运用I can improve my ability to concentrate.全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
英语试题
考生注意：
1. 本试卷共120分，考试时间100分钟。
2. 请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。
3. 本试卷主要考试内容：高考全部内容。
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Movies in 2018
The past year was a big year in the world of art and culture. Here is a list of the top movies last year.
Black Panther
Release time: February
The month of February brought movie lovers Black Panther, the superhero movie from Marvel Comics. The film tells the story of an imaginary African nation called Wakanda. The film earned critical praise and a lot of money. In fact, it has become the 12th highest-earning film of all time worldwide.
A Star is Born
Release time: October
In October, the world saw singer Lady Gaga change herself completely on the silver screen. Gaga starred opposite Bradley Cooper in the movie A Star is Born. The film was met with much public excitement and earned $100 million in US theaters in just 12 days. The film and its stars are widely expected to receive Oscar nominations (提名).
Bohemian Rhapsody
Release time: November
November brought the release of the film Bohemian Rhapsody. It tells the story of Queen, the British rock group that rose to worldwide fame in the 1970s. While the film has not received high marks from critics, music lovers around the world seem pleased. The film made $ 600 million in its first five weeks, making it the most successful music biographical film ever.
Roma
Release time: December
The Oscars are still a few months away, but the talk of the awards is already underway. In fact, the Academy released its shortlist for nine categories, including candidates for the best foreign language film. As is expected, Mexico’s critically praised Roma is among them.
Roma tells the story of a housekeeper for a middle-class family in Mexico City during the 1970s. Film critics also expect the film to compete for the Best Picture award. No foreign language film has ever won Best Picture at the Oscars before.
1. Which film focuses on the theme of music?
A. Black Panther. B. A Star is Born.
C. Bohemian Rhapsody. D. Roma.
2. What did the film A Star is Born mean to Lady Gaga?
A. It made her first appear on screen.
B. It made her become a singer.
C. It helped her receive the Oscars finally
D. It contributed to her career transformation.
3. What do we know about Roma?
A. It has ever won Best Picture at the Oscars.
B. It has ever been criticized by the Academy.
C. It is expected by some people to win the Oscars.
D. It is regarded as the best foreign language film.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。艺术和文化领域，过去的2018年是重要的一年。文章介绍了2018年最热门的几部电影。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bohemian Rhapsody部分的While the film has not received high marks from critics, music lovers around the world seem pleased. The film made $ 600 million in its first five weeks, making it the most successful music biographical film ever.（虽然这部电影没有得到评论家的好评，但全世界的音乐爱好者似乎都很高兴。这部电影在上映五周内就赚了6亿美元，成为有史以来最成功的音乐传记电影）可知，Bohemian Rhapsody是一部以音乐为主题的电影。故C选项正确。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据A Star is Born部分的In October, the world saw singer Lady Gaga change herself completely on the silver screen.（今年10月，全世界都看到歌手Lady Gaga在银幕上彻底改变了自己）可知，电影A Star is Born促成了Lady Gaga的职业转型。故D选项正确。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Roma部分的In fact, the Academy released its shortlist for nine categories, including candidates for the best foreign language film. As is expected, Mexico’s critically praised Roma is among them.（事实上，美国电影艺术与科学学院公布了包括最佳外语片在内的9个奖项的候选名单。不出所料，墨西哥备受好评的Roma也在其中）可推知，有些人希望Roma能赢得奥斯卡奖。故C选项正确。
【点睛】细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。
以本文第1小题为例，本题运用定位法：我们根据题干Which film focuses on the theme of music?其关键词是the theme of music，从而直接定位到含有music的文段——Bohemian Rhapsody部分的While the film has not received high marks from critics, music lovers around the world seem pleased. The film made $ 600 million in its first five weeks, making it the most successful music biographical film ever.（虽然这部电影没有得到评论家的好评，但全世界的音乐爱好者似乎都很高兴。这部电影在上映五周内就赚了6亿美元，成为有史以来最成功的音乐传记电影）可知，Bohemian Rhapsody是一部以音乐为主题的电影。故C选项正确。
B
The woman didn’t like us. We didn’t do anything to offend her and she didn’t know us but that didn’t matter. As new female teachers in the Emirati School, we Westerners greeted her every day. Whenever we saw her, she avoided eye contact with us. Eventually, some of us stopped trying to befriend her.
Well after 16 months in the school, we had a secret pal gifting. I drew her name from the glass jar and that meant she was my secret pal. My role was to buy her a gift and say something about her when we publicly acknowledged who our secret pal was.
I bought her a small rose arrangement and asked someone to write a message on it and then sent it to her room. She was so touched. Next day I sent a bottle of shampoo but I wrote the message in English because she needed to know her secret pal was a Westerner before the day of the “big reveal”. I also sent her a fragrant candle.
I had brought a few gifts from Ireland when I returned to the Middle East in September. I decided to gift her a silver coloured bangle.
Then came the day of the “big reveal”. We all gathered in the staff meeting room and everyone was excited. The host said, “Several days ago, when you received your gift, you wrote a few kind words about your secret pal and passed the gift to them.” She taught music in the school so I said, “My secret pal is someone who brings music to our ears every day of the week.” I didn’t even need to say her name because everyone knew exactly who I meant.
She came forward with a huge warm smile. She hugged me and kissed me on both cheeks and graciously accepted my gifts. I think everyone’s understanding of things is subjective, so we should have more communication with people around us.
4. How did the woman respond to the Westerners greetings?
A. She blamed them. B. She kept away from seeing their eyes.
C. She treated them kindly. D. She avoided meeting them again.
5. What was the author supposed to do after knowing the name of her secret friend?
A. Prepare a gift for her. B. Write a speech about her.
C. Find out who it is. D. Chat with her.
6. Why did the author write the message in English in paragraph 3?
A. To show other teachers her identity.
B. To teach the woman some English.
C. To let the woman know her nationality.
D. To make other teachers better understand her intention.
7. What was the woman’s attitude towards the author at last?
A. Friendly. B. Doubtful.
C. Regretful. D. Forgiving.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. A
【解析】
本文为记叙文。作为阿联酋学校新来的女教师，我们西方人每天都和她打招呼。我们每次见到她，她都避免与我们目光接触。最终，我们中的一些人不再试图和她交朋友。16个月之后，我们有一个“送礼物的秘密朋友”的活动。我从玻璃瓶里抽到她的名字，意思是她是我的秘密朋友。我给她买了一个小玫瑰花束，请人在上面留言，然后把它送到她的房间。她很感动。第二天，我送了一瓶洗发水，但我用英语写了这条信息，因为她需要在“大揭秘”之前知道她的秘密朋友是西方人。我还送给她一支香喷喷的蜡烛。最后，她接受了我，很有礼貌地当面接受了我的礼物。我认为每个人对事物的理解都是主观的，所以我们应该多和身边的人交流。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的As new female teachers in the Emirati School, we Westerners greeted her every day. Whenever we saw her, she avoided eye contact with us.（作为阿联酋学校新来的女教师，我们西方人每天都和她打招呼。我们每次见到她，她都避免与我们目光接触）可知，当西方人跟她打招呼时，她总是避免与人们目光接触。故B选项正确。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的My role was to buy her a gift and say something about her when we publicly acknowledged who our secret pal was.（我的职责是给她买一件礼物，当我们公开承认谁是我们的秘密朋友时，对她说点什么）可知，当作者知道了她的秘密朋友的名字后，她要给秘密朋友准备一份礼物。故A选项正确。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的I wrote the message in English because she needed to know her secret pal was a Westerner before the day of the “big reveal”.（我用英语写这条信息，因为她需要在“大揭秘”之前知道她的秘密朋友是西方人）可知，作者用英语写这条信息是为了让这位女士知道她的国籍。故C选项正确。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的She came forward with a huge warm smile. She hugged me and kissed me on both cheeks and graciously accepted my gifts.（她带着温暖的笑容走上前来。她拥抱我，亲吻我的双颊，很有礼貌地接受了我的礼物）可知，最后，这位女士对作者非常友好。故A选项正确。
C
A new study explores the custom of tipping in the United States. Many Americans give tips to people who perform a job for them, especially workers in the service industry. They pay a little extra to people cutting their hair, driving them across town or serving them a meal at a restaurant.
The researchers found that men give bigger tips to restaurant workers than women. And people who live in the northern US are more generous with tips than those living in the South. People who earn $ 50, 000 or more a year give bigger tips than those who earn less than $50, 000. There is one likely reason: the wealthier Americans have more money to spend.
Michael Lynn is a professor of consumer behavior and marketing at the Cornell University School of Hotel Administration in New York. In other words, he knows a lot about the issue of tipping. In earlier surveys, Lynn said he found mixed results on the generosity of men and women when it comes to tipping. In some studies, men gave bigger tips than women. In others, women gave more money.
Lynn’s own research in American restaurants found that men give bigger tips when the restaurant server is a woman and women give more when the server is a man. Tips are very important to service employees. People who work at restaurants often get most of their earnings from tips.
Nationwide, Americans generally tip between 15 to 20 percent at restaurants and leave from $2 to S 10 a day for the people who clean their hotel rooms. Tips of 15 percent of the reading on the meter (计价器) are also common for people who drive taxis.
But here is something to keep in mind. If you are able to give the person serving you a tip or a bigger one than what is expected, your generosity will be welcome. Many service workers do not make much money, and even an extra dollar or two can make a difference in their lives.
8. What is paragraph I mainly about?
A. A study in a restaurant. B. A job offering a lot of tips.
C. The service industry in the US. D. The custom of tipping in the US.
9. What is Lynn’s finding in American restaurants?
A. People give more tips to the opposite sex server.
B. People are always more generous to service employers.
C. Men give the same tips to the women restaurant servers as women.
D. Men always give more tips to the men restaurant servers than women.
10. How much tips do Americans generally pay if the reading on the taximeter is $100?
A. $2. B. $10.
C. $15. D. $20.
11. What is the authors attitude towards tipping?
A. Doubtful. B. Critical.
C. Uncaring. D. Supportive.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
本文为说明文。许多美国人会给那些为他们工作的人小费，尤其是服务业的员工。一项新研究探讨了美国付小费的习俗。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段主要介绍了美国人给小费是一种习俗。故D选项正确。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的Lynn’s own research in American restaurants found that men give bigger tips when the restaurant server is a woman and women give more when the server is a man.（林恩自己对美国餐馆的研究发现，当餐馆服务员是女性时，男性给的小费更多，而当服务员是男性时，女性给的小费更多）可知，林恩通过研究发现人们会给异性服务员更多的小费。故A选项正确。
【10题详解】
数字计算题。根据倒数第二段中的Tips of 15 percent of the reading on the meter (计价器) are also common for people who drive taxis.（打车时给出租车司机15%的小费也很常见）可知，美国人通常在出租车计价器上的读数为100美元时，付给司机15美元的小费是正常的。故C选项正确。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第一段中的Many service workers do not make much money, and even an extra dollar or two can make a difference in their lives.（许多服务人员赚不了多少钱，甚至一两美元也能改变他们的生活）可推知，作者支持给小费这种习俗。故D选项正确。
D
People often feel anonymous (匿名) on the Internet. They believe their browsing behaviors and what they buy or write can be private as they want. In fact, that’s far from true, a new study finds.
Websites usually offer a statement that describes what they may or may not do with data about a user’s activities. You might be attracted to read through that entire document. But be prepared for disappointment. These documents tend to list only a small part of the websites which are allowed to have access to your data. Therefore, it’s impossible for users to make informed judgments about how private their online activities are.
The new research explored the disclosure on data-sharing by 200, 000 websites. These included the Arkansas state government homepage and the Country Music site. The study analyzed how these sites shared data with third parties. Such recipients of your data could be advertisers or companies that make money by selling personal data. The study also examined how those sites had described their policy for protecting the data privacy.
Timothy Libert, who works at Oxford University, studies data privacy. For this analysis, he used a software tool called webXray. It tracked 1.8 million data shared by each of those websites with third-party data collectors. Only 14.8% of those data went to third parties that were named in the sites privacy policies.
Data that were transferred to widely familiar third parties—Google, Facebook and Twitter—were more likely to be leaked than those were transferred to unknown parties. Libert found that 38.3% of data sent to Google had been leaked.
Even if a website listed all of the third parties it shared your data with, users still might never learn how widely their data had been shared. Why? Third parties that receive data can later share those data again. Think of your data now being transmitted to anonymous fourth and fifth parties. Getting online is “sort of like throwing beans in the air,” Libert concludes. “There’s no way to know where your data end up.”
12. What aspect of the websites statements will disappoint people?
A. The length of the documents. B. The reliability of the information.
C. The readability of the contents. D. The accuracy of the language.
13. What does the underlined word “disclosure” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Reveal. B. Money.
C. Disappointment. D. Advertisement.
14. What did Libert find in his study?
A. More than a quarter of data-sharing went to unnamed third parties.
B. The data on the Internet is always kept secret by third parties.
C. Widely familiar third parties could collect users’ data more difficultly.
D. Widely familiar third parties were more likely to leak out users’ online data.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Famous websites are no longer safe
B. Private data can no longer be private
C. Data-sharing is becoming very unpopular
D. Large companies make money by selling personal data
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。人们在网上常常觉得自己是匿名的。他们相信他们的浏览行为和他们购买或写的东西可以是他们想要的隐私。事实上，一项新的研究发现，事实远非如此。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的Websites usually offer a statement that describes what they may or may not do with data about a user’s activities.（网站通常会提供一份声明，说明他们可以或不可以处理用户活动的数据）及But be prepared for disappointment. These documents tend to list only a small part of the websites which are allowed to have access to your data.（但要做好失望的准备。这些文档往往只列出允许访问您的数据的一小部分网站）可推知，网站声明信息的可靠性会让人们失望。故B选项正确。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后的data-sharing by 200, 000 websites（20万个网站数据共享）可知，划线词所在句句意为“这项新研究探索了20万个网站数据共享的披露情况。” A. Reveal披露；B. Money钱；C. Disappointment.失望；D. Advertisement广告。故A选项正确。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Data that were transferred to widely familiar third parties—Google, Facebook and Twitter—were more likely to be leaked than those were transferred to unknown parties.（被转移到广为人知的第三方——谷歌、面谱和推特——的数据比被转移到未知方的数据更容易被泄露）可知，广泛熟悉的第三方更有可能泄露用户的在线数据。故D选项正确。
【15题详解】
标题判断题。通读全文可知，人们在网上常常觉得自己是匿名的。他们相信他们的浏览行为和他们购买或写的东西可以是他们想要的隐私。事实上，一项新的研究发现，事实远非如此。因此，B项“私人数据不再是私有的”适合做本文最佳标题。故B选项正确。
【点睛】依据逻辑推理猜测词义：运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。在第2小题中，考生可以根据该划线词所在的上下文语境来推测其指代对象。根据划线词后的data-sharing by 200, 000 websites（20万个网站数据共享）可知，划线词所在句句意为“这项新研究探索了20万个网站数据共享的披露情况。” A. Reveal披露；B. Money钱；C. Disappointment.失望；D. Advertisement广告。故A选项正确。
第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Basketball is a great sport that is not only fun, but also brings children many benefits in different ways. ___16___.
Playing basketball has physical benefits. Children are full of energy—they need to move, jump and run constantly. Basketball will allow them to control that energy in a positive way. It’s a full-body sport. ___17___ Since it’s a fast and dynamic sport, children need to follow the game and the continuous movement of the ball. The ball moves quickly from one side of the court to the other and the kids move at the same pace which helps improve both resistance and speed.
Playing basketball has cognitive (认知的) benefits. Children who practice playing basketball develop skills that help them fight against opponents and move around the court. This sport helps them increase their ability to concentrate. ___18___ Children will learn to assess surrounding situations and problems that may arise, and then find the best and fastest solution. The fast pace of the game encourages quick decision-making and stimulates their concrete and abstract thinking.
___19___ Since it’s a team sport, basketball promotes sociability, coexistence and respect among peers. It’s ideal for shy children because they will have to learn to interact with other players. This is important both to get better at the sport and to have more fun. They will also learn important values like cooperation, teamwork and competitiveness.
___20___ In fact, there are many other benefits. The most important thing is that it’s a very fast and fun sport. This tends to make the vast majority of children enjoy it.
A. Playing basketball just has entertaining benefits.
B Playing basketball has social and emotional advantages.
C. These are not all of the advantages of playing basketball.
D. This means that it strengthens muscles in their whole body.
E. It also makes them more aware of the environment around them.
F. This sport promotes healthy development in children for a number of reasons.
G. However, there are some disadvantages when children keep running on the court.
【答案】16. F 17. D
18. E 19. B
20. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。篮球是一项极好的运动，不仅有趣，而且以不同的方式给孩子们带来很多好处。
【16题详解】
根据上文Basketball is a great sport that is not only fun, but also brings children many benefits in different ways.（篮球是一项极好的运动，不仅有趣，而且以不同的方式给孩子们带来很多好处）可知，F项“由于许多原因，这项运动促进儿童的健康发展”符合此处语境。原文brings children many benefits与F项中的promotes healthy development in children相对应。故F选项正确。
【17题详解】
根据上文It’s a full-body sport.（这是一项全身运动）可知，D项“这意味着它能增强全身的肌肉”符合此处语境。原文full-body与D项中的whole body相对应。故D选项正确。
【18题详解】
根据下文Children will learn to assess surrounding situations and problems that may arise, and then find the best and fastest solution.（孩子们将学会评估周围可能出现的情况和问题，然后找到最好和最快的解决方案）可知，E项“这也让他们更加了解周围的环境”符合此处语境。原文assess surrounding situations and problems与E项中的aware of the environment around相对应。故E选项正确。
【19题详解】
根据下文Since it’s a team sport, basketball promotes sociability, coexistence and respect among peers.（由于篮球是一项团队运动，它促进了同伴之间的社交、共存和尊重）可知，B项“打篮球有社交和情感上的优势”符合此处语境。原文promotes sociability, coexistence and respect与B项中的social and emotional advantages相对应。故B选项正确。
【20题详解】
根据下文In fact, there are many other benefits.（事实上，还有许多其他好处）可知，C项“这些并不是打篮球的全部好处”符合此处语境。原文other benefits与C项中的not all of the advantages相对应。故C选项正确。
【点睛】七选五题型主要考查上下文的理解与推断，虽然文章整体难度一般低于阅读理解，但是却给很多同学造成了很大的心理障碍。七个选项中选五个，比四个选项中选一个，感觉干扰性更大，很大同学在做这个题目时，总有一种眼花缭乱、心烦气躁的感觉，致使往往正确率不高。在这里提醒同学们，首先要克服心理障碍，同时要注意方式方法。其次，注意设空前后的句子，因为这些句子之间是顺承和联系的，所有一定要联系和理解上下文的语境。例如第1小题，根据上文Basketball is a great sport that is not only fun, but also brings children many benefits in different ways.（篮球是一项极好的运动，不仅有趣，而且以不同的方式给孩子们带来很多好处）可知，F项“由于许多原因，这项运动促进儿童的健康发展”符合此处语境。原文brings children many benefits与F项中的promotes healthy development in children相对应。故F选项正确。
第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In the summer of my eleventh year, the home I had grown up in was ___21___ in the middle of the night. Thankfully, my mom, dad, brothers and I ___22___ through the smoke. However. we had only the night clothes we were ___23___ in.
I ___24___ the rest of that night with friends of our family ___25___ trying to sleep in a bed in their basement. That’s because I was too ___26___ to sleep. I didn’t know what ___27___ things would lie ahead of us. The next day, my mom ___28___ me a few T-shirts and pairs of jeans given to her by another friend. One pair of jeans was too short and the other was too long but I didn’t ___29___. At least I had some clothes again. Meanwhile my dad ___30___ to the blackened ruins of our home to see what he could find. The only thing he could ___31___ was my mom’s wedding rings. The plastic case she had put them in that night had melted but protected the rings from the ___32___.
As the ___33___ days went on, in spite of having little money, my dad was able to ___34___ us a dusty old house by the side of the road near where our old house had been. As we moved in, our friends and our community continued to ___35___ all they could to help us ___36___ our feet. There was more clothes, furniture, food, money and even some books for me to recover from the disaster.
Looking back now, I am ___37___ for all we went through because it ___38___ me so much about life, love and people. It showed that love is enough for the first time, when you have nothing left but ___39___. So here may you always have ___40___ love for all the days of your life.
21. A. burned out B. repaired C. moved D. washed away
22. A. walked B. escaped C. looked D. rested
23. A. working B. eating C. entertaining D. sleeping
24. A. preferred B. forgot C. spent D. described
25. A. usually B. unsuccessfully C. formally D. irregularly
26. A. scared B. crazy C. hesitant D. old
27. A. illegal B. harmonious C. terrible D. smooth
28. A. purchased B. brought C. awarded D. paid
29. A. regret B. respond C. care D. contradict
30. A. returned B. added C. referred D. admitted
31. A. lose B. sense C. save D. recall
32. A. mud B. ruins C. dust D. flames
33. A. summer B. spring C. autumn D. winter
34. A. buy B. rent C. borrow D. sell
35. A. explain B. discount C. empty D. donate
36. A. make use of B. check on C. get back on D. relieve of
37. A. hateful B. anxious C. bound D. grateful
38. A. guaranteed B. taught C. cautioned D. discouraged
39. A. love B. clothes C. furniture D. food
40. A. shallow B. romantic C. selfish D. sufficient
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文为记叙文。11岁的时候，作者住的房子在半夜三更被烧成了灰烬。幸运的是，作者的爸爸、妈妈、奶奶、几个哥哥，还有作者，包括他们养的几条狗，都逃了出来。朋友们在物质上和精神上给了他们很大帮助，帮助他们一家渡过了难关，重新开始了新的生活。作者明白了只要身边有爱，生活就有希望。作者希望有机会帮助别人的时候，尽其所能去多做。
【21题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. burned out烧坏；B. repaired维修；C. moved移动；D. washed away冲走。根据下文Thankfully, my mom, dad, brothers and I ___2___ through the smoke.可知，作者家失火了，家被烧坏了。故A选项正确。
【22题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. walked走；B. escaped逃跑；C. looked看；D. rested休息。因为失火，所以作者一家从大火中逃了出来。故B选项正确。
【23题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. working工作；B. eating吃；C. entertaining娱乐；D. sleeping睡觉。作者一家只有睡觉时穿的睡衣。故D选项正确。
【24题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. preferred更喜欢；B. forgot忘记；C. spent度过；D. described描述。那天晚上剩下的时间作者和家人的朋友一起度过。故C选项正确。
【25题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. usually经常地；B. unsuccessfully不成功地；C. formally正常地；D. irregularly不规则地。根据下文That’s because I was too ___6___ to sleep.可知，作者没能地下室的床上想睡着。故B选项正确。
【26题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. scared害怕的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. hesitant迟疑的；D. old老的。作者太害怕了，以至于睡不着。故A选项正确。
【27题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. illegal非法的；B. harmonious和谐的；C. terrible可怕的；D. smooth顺利的。作者不知道他们面前会发生什么可怕的事情。故C选项正确。
【28题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. purchased购买；B. brought带来；C. awarded授予；D. paid支付。第二天，作者的妈妈给他带来了几件T恤和牛仔裤，这是另一个朋友送给她的。故B选项正确。
【29题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. regret后悔；B. respond回应；C. care关心，顾虑；D. contradict反驳。根据下文At least I had some clothes again.可知，一条牛仔裤太短，另一条太长，但作者并不在乎。故C选项正确。
【30题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. returned返回；B. added增加；C. referred提及；D. admitted承认。同时，作者父亲回到他们家的废墟那里，看看他能找到什么。故A选项正确。
【31题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. lose失去；B. sense感觉到；C. save挽救；D. recall回忆。作者的父亲唯一能挽救的就是他母亲的结婚戒指。故C选项正确。
【32题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. mud泥；B. ruins废墟；C. dust尘土；D. flames火焰。那天晚上她放戒指的塑料盒子已经融化了，但是保护戒指不受火焰的伤害。故D选项正确。
【33题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. summer夏天；B. spring春天；C. autumn秋天；D. winter冬天。根据上文In the summer of my eleventh year, the home I had grown up in was ___1___ in the middle of the night.可知，随着夏天一天天过去。故A选项正确。
【34题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. buy买；B. rent租；C. borrow借；D. sell卖。尽管没有多少钱，作者的父亲还是在路边租到一所满是灰尘的旧房子，它离他们原来住的房子很近。故B选项正确。
【35题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. explain解释；B. discount打折；C. empty使……成为空的；D. donate捐赠。根据下文There was more clothes, furniture, food, money and even some books for me to recover from the disaster.可知，他们的朋友、社区一直给他们捐东西帮助作者一家。故D选项正确。
【36题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. make use of利用；B. check on检查；C. get back on回到；D. relieve of消除。作者的朋友和社区继续尽其所能帮助他们东山再起。get back on one’s feet“东山再起，某人重新振作”。故C选项正确。
【37题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. hateful可恨的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. bound有义务的；D. grateful感激的。现在回想起来，作者很感激他们所经历的一切。故D选项正确。
【38题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. guaranteed保证；B. taught教；C. cautioned警告；D. discouraged阻止。因为那些经历教会了作者很多关于生活、爱和人的东西。故B选项正确。
【39题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. love爱；B. clothes衣服；C. furniture家具；D. food食物。当你一无所有，只剩下爱的时候，第一次证明爱就足够了。故A选项正确。
【40题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. shallow肤浅的；B. romantic浪漫的；C. selfish自私的；D. sufficient足够的。所以，在这里，愿你一生一世都有足够的爱。故D选项正确。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第1小题要求判断出作者家怎么样了。该题根据下文Thankfully, my mom, dad, brothers and I ___2___ through the smoke.可知，作者家失火了，家被烧坏了。A. burned out烧坏；B. repaired维修；C. moved移动；D. washed away冲走。故A选项正确。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
TCM, or Traditional Chinese Medicine, is a profound (深远的) pathway to create the life you truly want to live and the life you were born to live. It’s a timeless bridge, ___41___can start and support ___42___ (grow) in every life dimension—physical, mental and emotional.
TCM has an ancient but completely modern healing system and it has the power to unlock your true potential and help you develop and use your own unique talents. ___43___ (it) wisdom and ability to understand individual health needs empowers each person with a way ___44___ (unite) body, mind and spirit-the foundation for lasting and authentic health. TCM teaches you how to live ___45___ balanced and harmonious life.
It’s true ___46___ TCM is one of the oldest healing systems on the planet. It has ___47___ (actual) been in continuous practice for thousands of years. How can something so old still work for people living today?
TCM can ___48___ (apply) to help heal anyone no matter what year it is because it’s rooted in unchanging natural law, which has its source beyond time. The unique medicine grew out of ___49___ (observe) carefully how everything in reality functions at the deepest, invisible levels and interacts with the surface or visible physical levels. It’s the medicine of extraordinary relationships. Every TCM principle ___50___ (reflect) and harmonizes with the relationships that exist within natural law.
【答案】41. which
42. growth 43. Its
44. to unite
45. a 46. that
47. actually
48. be applied
49. observing
50. reflects
【解析】
本文为说明文。文章介绍了中国的中医。中医是创造你真正想要的生活和你与生俱来的生活的深刻途径。中医有一个古老但完全现代的治疗系统，它有能力释放你的真正潜力，帮助你开发和使用你自己独特的才能。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词是a timeless bridge，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【42题详解】
考查名词。此处做start和support的宾语，意为“开始并支持成长”，应使用名词。故填growth。
【43题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。此处指“它的智慧和能力”，应使用形容词词性物主代词。故填Its。
【44题详解】
考查不定式。此处指“有一种方法来统一身体、思想和精神——持久和真正的健康的基础”，way“方式，方法”，常用不定式做定语。故填to unite。
【45题详解】
考查不定冠词。固定短语：live a…life“过着一种……的生活”。故填a。
【46题详解】
考查主语从句。此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，从句不缺成分，应使用只起连接作用的代词that引导。故填that。
【47题详解】
考查副词。此处修饰动词been，应使用副词形式。故填actually。
【48题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：中医可以被应用于帮助治愈任何人。根据句意，此处应使用被动语态。故填be applied。
【49题详解】
考查现在分词。此处位于介词of后且表动作，应使用现在分词。故填observing。
【50题详解】
考查主谓一致。“every+名词单数”做主语时，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填reflects。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When I first reached junior high school without my parents, I was very happy. Then I saw them getting further away from school gate. I started crying because of the thought of not often seeing my parents drove me crazily, I was then taken to my dorm in that I found other children very happy. I was sick because I hated eating the school food. I failed to concentrating in class. All I could think of was being at home with my family. As time gone by, I gradually adapted me to the school life. Thank to my parents, I finally learned to be independence and control my emotions.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
本文为记叙文。文章记叙了作者刚刚开始初中生活的感受。
【详解】第一处：考查介词。without“没有”，with“和……在一起”。根据下文Then I saw them getting further away可知，作者的父母陪着他去上学。故without改为with。
第二处：考查定冠词或形容词性物主代词。此处特指“我学校的校门”，应使用定冠词或形容词性物主代词。故school前加the/my。
第三处：考查连词。because是连词，其后接从句；because of后接词组，此处是从句，应去掉because后的of。故去掉because后的of。
第四处：考查形容词。固定搭配：drive sb./sth.+adj.“使某人/某事怎么样”。故crazily改为crazy。
第五处：考查定语从句。此处先行词是my dorm，关系词在介词in后，应使用关系代词which引导，in which=where。故that改为which。
第六处：考查动词形式。固定搭配：fail to do sth.“没能做某事”。故concentrating改为concentrate。
第七处：考查动词形式。as引导时间状语从句，此处做谓语，根据语境，应使用一般过去时。故gone改为went。
第八处：考查代词。固定搭配：adapt oneself to“使自己适应”。故me改为myself。
第九处：考查固定短语。固定短语：thanks to“由于，多亏了”。故Thank改为Thanks。
第十处：考查形容词。此处做表语，意为“最终我学会了自立”，应使用形容词。故independence改为independent。
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，马上就要填报高考志愿（apply for admission into a university）了，你的外教Adam发邮件向你询问相关情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 你打算申请的专业；
2. 选择本专业的原因；
3. 希望得到专业选择方面的指导。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Adam,
Thank you very much for your concern about my applying for admission into a university. I’d like to talk about it.
The major I plan to apply for is computer programming. There are some reasons for it. Firstly, I have always been interested in computer science, especially the software programming. Besides, I think computer programming can cultivate my logical thinking ability. In the process of programming, I can improve my ability to concentrate, which is needed in doing everything in my life.
That’s just my personal thinking. I really hope to get your guidance to the choice of major.
I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件；假定你是李华，马上就要填报高考志愿（apply for admission into a university）了，你的外教Adam发邮件向你询问相关情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1. 你打算申请的专业；2. 选择本专业的原因；3. 希望得到专业选择方面的指导。人称使用第一人称，时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：concern about（关心），major（专业），be interested in（对……感兴趣），guidance to the choice of major（专业选择方面的指导）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如定语从句The major I plan to apply for is computer programming. In the process of programming, I can improve my ability to concentrate, which is needed in doing everything in my life.；非谓语动词的运用I can improve my ability to concentrate.全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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