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2019届安徽省芜湖市师大附中高三5月考前适应性检测英语试题（解析版）
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安师大附中2019届高三考前适应性检测
英 语 试 题
(考试时间: 120分钟 试卷满分:150)
注意事项:
1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
3.考试作答时，请将答案正确地填写在答题卡上。第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；第Ⅱ卷请用直径0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节(共5 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分7.5 分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What does the woman need to do today?
A. Attend a competition. B. Collect some material. C. Recite a composition.
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
M: It seems you’re very busy today.
W: Yes. I want to take part in a writing competition next week. I need to write a composition of about 1,000 words. But before writing I need to search for a lot of material.
【详解】本题为听力题，解析略。
2.
What is the weather probably like now?
A. Hot. B. Cold. C. Warm.
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
W: Ted, I heard you’re ill. Why are you outdoors standing in the wind?
M: You must have heard it wrong. It’s my brother Tim who has a fever. I work out while he doesn’t, you know.
W: I see. But don’t you think you wear too little on such a day?
【详解】本题为听力题，解析略。
3.
When will the man leave for Sweden?
A. Today. B. Tomorrow. C. The day after tomorrow.
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
W: So when are you going to Sweden, tomorrow or the day after tomorrow?
M: Neither. Don’t you see I’m packing now? My train leaves in just five hours.
W: I thought you were just going to do your laundry.
【详解】本题为听力题，解析略。
4.
How does the woman finally decide to go home?
A. By bus. B. In the man’s car. C. In her father’s car.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
W: Oh, no. I missed the bus home. It’s already half past ten now. I don’t think there will be another bus to come.
M: Don’t worry. I can take you home.
W: Thanks, but we go in different directions. I’ll just call my dad to pick me up.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
5.
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A book. B. An album. C. A song.
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
W: Henry, it seems you really love the songs in Workbook.
M: Yes. Of all the albums I’ve owned, none has taught me more about mood, story, lyric, and melody than this one. It was my favorite and remains my favorite.
【详解】本题为听力题，解析略。
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. How did the woman get the books?
A. From the bookstore. B. From her neighbor. C. From her husband.
7. What does the woman hope to do?
A. Write great books. B. Earn a lot of money. C. Work for Amazon.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
M: Ann, didn’t you say you wanted to buy some new books last week?
W: Yes. Why did you ask?
M: The bookstore in our neighborhood is celebrating its tenth anniversary. There is a forty percent discount on all books.
W: Thanks, but I don’t want to buy any new books now. My husband bought me more than twenty books on Amazon last weekend. They were at half price. We really saved a lot of money.
M: Why did you buy so many books?
W: Well, in order to write popular books, I need to read more books to learn how to write.
【6题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【7题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What did the man lack when he was young?
A. Chances to play with siblings. B. The family’s love. C. His own space.
9. What does the woman have?
A. An elder brother. B. A younger brother. C. An elder sister.
【答案】8. C 9. A
【解析】
W: Mr. Brown, you have two younger brothers and one elder sister. Did you like growing up with so many siblings(兄弟姐妹)?
M: When I was young, I didn’t like it at all. I had no space of my own.
W: You must have faced a lot of competition in the family.
M: You’re absolutely right. As we grew into teenagers, our mutual competitiveness drove us to get good grades. And all of us ended up going to a very good university.
W: What do you think of having so many siblings now?
M: Now I really appreciate this. My kids have many cousins and I’ve many nieces and nephews. They bring us great joy. So do you have any siblings?
W: Yes. I have a brother who is two years older than me. We get along very well. We often played together when we were little.
【8题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【9题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. Why is Anna absent from school these days?
A. She is sick.
B. She travels to America.
C. She does a project on depression.
11. What percentage of the US population battle depression?
A. 3.4%. B. 5%. C. 9%.
12. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At school. B. At home. C. At a hospital.
【答案】10. A 11. C 12. A
【解析】
W: Richard, do you know why Anna didn’t come to school these days?
M: She’s suffering depression. She’s receiving professional help now. And she was advised to spend a few days at home.
W: I’m so sorry to hear that. But I’m not surprised. It seemed to me that Anna wasn’t happy at all. I just didn’t know it was so serious.
M: But I knew she was suffering depression. And I know she isn’t alone.
W: What do you mean?
M: Depression is something millions of people across the world struggle with on a daily basis. According to the World Health Organization, 350 million people around the world suffer from depression. In America alone, 9 percent of the country battles the issue, with 3.4 percent suffering from a major case of depression.
W: That’s really a common problem. I do hope people can find good ways to overcome depression.
M: Me, too. Oh, my class will begin soon. Talk to you later. Bye.
W: Bye.
10题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【11题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【12题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. What does the man think of visiting art galleries?
A. Expensive. B. Worthwhile. C. Boring.
14. Where did the woman go recently?
A. Washington. B. Seoul. C. Paris.
15. How old is the woman now?
A. 22 years old. B. 26 years old. C. 28 years old.
16. Why didn’t the woman visit Musee d’Orsay?
A. She didn’t have enough time.
B. She wasn’t interested in it.
C. She was short of money.
【答案】13. B 14. A 15. C 16. A
【解析】
W: Sam, it seems you really love visiting art galleries.
M: That’s true. I think art galleries provide the perfect background to admire and appreciate works of art by great artists of different eras across the globe.
W: I agree. Visiting an art gallery cannot only be fun but also exciting as you experience the first-hand look of many amazing masterpieces altogether.
M: So do you like visiting art galleries, too?
W: Yes. I just came back from Washington the other day. I visited the National Gallery of Art there. It has one of the biggest collections of masterworks in the world. So have you also visited it?
M: Yes. It’s amazing. So what other art galleries have you visited?
W: I visited Centre Pompidou when I was in Paris last year and the National Museum of Korea in Seoul when I was 22 years old. Though it was 6 years ago, I remember that experience very well.
M: Didn’t you visit Musee d’Orsay when you were in Paris?
W: No. I didn’t have a long stay in the city. But I look forward to visiting it next year. I bet you must have visited it.
M: You’re right. It’s one of the world’s richest, greatest and most exciting art galleries. I can’t wait to revisit it.
【13题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【14题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【15题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【16题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What does the speaker say about the activities?
A. They are easy. B. They are diverse. C. They are educational.
18. What kind of course are the children expected to attend?
A. The 7-week course. B. The full-week course. C. The single-day course.
19. Who can attend this year’s course?
A. Children aged 3-5. B. Children aged 5-7. C. Children aged 8-10.
20. What should the children do in advance to apply for the course?
A. Pay all the fees. B. Choose their activities. C. Fill out an application form.
【答案】17. B 18. B 19. C 20. C
【解析】
M: Well, I want to talk about an activity course for the summer holidays. It operated for the first time last year for a six-week period from the middle of July until the end of August. This year we will be holding the course again. There will be different things to do every week, so the children won’t be repeating the same activities over and over again. However, I don’t expect many children will come for the whole summer, as I’m sure their parents will want to be with them for a week or two. We do, however, ask that children attend full weeks, not just single days. It makes it easier for us to keep attendance records. The course is available for children aged 8-10. Next year, those aged 5-7 are welcome to the course. If a child or a child’s parent is interested in coming to my summer activity course, they should go to my website, www. summeractivities. co. uk and print out an application form. Send it in with part payment as soon as possible. You’ll need to tell us which weeks you are planning to attend straightaway, but you won’t need to choose your activities in advance.
【17题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【18题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【19题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【20题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，每小题2分，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题, 每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Concordia Language Villages Bemidji, Minnesota
Concordia Language Villages, a program of Concordia College in Moorhead, Minn., offers language immersion (沉浸) programs in 15 languages: Arabic, Chinese, Danish, English, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish and Swedish. Our camp lasts a week. No previous language experience is necessary, and all levels of language learners are welcome at our culturally authentic Villages.
Six Flags Animal Adventure Camps Jackson, New Jersey
Kids aged 6 to12 can enjoy a week-long journey into the world of exotic (来自异国的) animals, including dolphins, tigers, elephants, giraffes, monkeys and more! They’ll have fun while they learn about animals and the importance of preserving their habitats through hands-on activities and exciting live presentations from animal experts. Surf our website for a registration form, FAQs, Parent Guide, health forms and more! Or, call 732-928-2000 ext. 2076 NOW to book the experience of a lifetime! Camp fun facts
Soccer Camps International Europe London, Greater London
This summer, experience world-class soccer in Europe with the elite soccer clubs in England, Spain, Italy, Portugal and France! These famous youth summer soccer camps are waiting for players 7-18 years old from all over the world! The camp maximum stay is 2 weeks. Camps offer multiple options like
Gakko in Japan Izumi City, Kagoshima Prefecture
Imagine summer camp in Japan! Adventurous high school students from the US & Canada join their Japanese partners for an English-mostly, cross-cultural, mind-blowing summer experience in beautiful Japan. Cooperate with college-aged instructors from Harvard, Yale, Stanford, Oxford and other top schools to create a camp unlike any other. For 2 weeks in a beautiful, rural place, "Kohai" (that's what we call campers) join in strict workshops and hands-on projects.
21. What is special about Concordia Language Villages?
A. It requires a membership status. B. It satisfies language learners of all levels.
C. It is aimed at children aged 6 to 12. D. It demands fluency in several languages.
22. Which summer camp offers knowledge about animals?
A. Six Flags Animal Adventure Camps. B. Soccer Camps International Europe.
C. Concordia Language Villages. D. Gakko in Japan.
23. What do we know about the camp Gakko in Japan?
A. It provides diverse language programs.
B. It resembles other camps in many aspects.
C. It focuses on a cross-cultural experience.
D. It only invites campers from North America.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个夏令营项目的相关信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Our camp lasts a week. No previous language experience is necessary, and all levels of language learners are welcome at our culturally authentic Villages”可知，Concordia Language Villages欢迎所有水平的语言学习者。故B选项正确。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Kids aged 6 to12 can enjoy … into the world of exotic (来自异国的) animals, including dolphins, tigers, elephants, giraffes, monkeys and more! They'll have fun while they learn about animals and the importance of preserving their habitats ….”可知，在Six Flags Animal Adventure Camps，孩子们可以进入来自异国的动物的世界……在这里，他们将会玩得很开心，同时了解动物们以及如何保护动物的栖息地。故A选项切题。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Adventurous high school students from the US & Canada join their Japanese partners for an English-mostly, cross-cultural, mind-blowing summer experience in beautiful Japan”可知，在Gakko in Japan，来自美国和加拿大的有冒险精神的高中生和他们的日本伙伴一起在美丽的日本参加以英语为主，跨文化的令人心旷神怡的夏季体验。故结合选项，C选项正确。
【点睛】细心审题，直接就题找答案。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。例如第一小题考生可以直接根据题干中的Concordia Language Villages直接确定答案在第一段。
B
When 12 girls from San Fernando high school in California received a grant (助学金) to develop an invention to solve a real-world problem, they decided to create a solar-powered shelter. Now for over a year, the girls have been working after school and over the winter and spring breaks to complete their project. “They have this amazing drive that I’ve never seen before, ” said Violet Mardirosian, a math teacher at San Fernando High. “I thought at the beginning that maybe some of them would give up, saying ‘I didn’t expect this much work,’ but they don’t. They’re just working hard and they’re not giving up.”
Living in a low-income community (社区), the girls have seen the problem of homelessness first-hand, which is why they chose that population to create a product for. Many of them are also from immigrant families and hope the solar-powered shelter might help refugees(难民). Seventeen-year-old Maggie Mejia said that while she had no engineering experience, the girls figured out as a team how to create the prototype (雏形), using how-to videos and books that taught them how to code. But the most important lesson she’s learned over the course of the project isn’t technical. “I’ve learned a lot about helping others, helping the community and showing a better world to other people,” she said.
The girls have been invited to MIT to show their invention. Mardirosian says all the participating students have expressed interest in going into STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) fields and that students from lower grades are already expressing interest in being involved next year. She says, “Many of them didn’t think about engineering before. They thought maybe they’re not made out to be an engineer. But working together, now they realize they’re all needed in this field. Everyone has found their importance in this picture.”
24. Why did Mardirosian think some girls would quit the subject?
A. It was not practical in real life.
B. It demanded a lot of time and energy.
C. It was not supported by their math teacher.
D. It required a lot of money and expert knowledge.
25. Why did the girls decide to create a solar-powered shelter?
A. To save energy. B. To win a scholarship.
C. To help the homeless. D. To be admitted to MIT.
26. According to Maggie, what is the most valuable lesson she has learned from the project?
A. How to code. B. The power of teamwork.
C. The way to teach herself. D. How to make the world a better place.
27. What does Mardirosian think of the project?
A. It taught girls to be independent. B. It should be continued next year.
C. It inspired girls’ interest in STEM. D. It showed the importance of engineering.
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. D 27. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。加州圣费尔南多高中的12名女孩获得了一项助学金时，她们决定建立一个太阳能避难所。文章介绍了她们进行该项目的原因和感受。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I thought at the beginning that maybe some of them would give up, saying ‘I didn’t expect this much work”可知，Mardirosian认为有一些女孩子可能会放弃，说：“我没有料到会有这么多工作”。该句中的“much work”应该指完成这个项目所需要的大量时间和精力。故B选项切题。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Living in a low-income community (社区), the girls have seen the problem of homelessness first-hand, which is why they chose that population to create a product for. Many of them are also from immigrant families and hope the solar-powered shelter might help refugees(难民).”可知，生活在低收入的社区中，这些女孩们亲眼目睹了无家可归的问题，这就是为什么他们选择为无家可归的人创造产品的原因。他们中许多人也来自移民家庭，希望太阳能供电的住房可以帮助难民。综上，这些女孩子创造太阳能避难所是为了帮助这些无家可归的人。C选项正确。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But the most important lesson she's learned over the course of the project isn't technical. “I've learned a lot about helping others, helping the community and showing a better world to other people,” she said”可知，Maggie Mejia认为，她学到的最重要的一点就是如何帮助他人，帮助社区，给其他人展示一个更好的世界。故结合选项，D选项切题：如何使世界变得更好。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Mardirosian says all the participating students have expressed interest in going into STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) fields and that students from lower grades are already expressing interest in being involved next year”可知，马迪罗西安说，所有参与的学生都对进入STEM（科学、技术、工程、数学）领域表示兴趣，而来自较低级的学生们已经对明年参与该项目表示兴趣。由此可以推知，该项目激发了女孩们对于STEM领域的兴趣。故C选项正确。
C
Ten years ago, I set out to examine luck. I wanted to know why some people were always in the right place at the right time, while others consistently experienced ill fortune. I placed advertisements in national newspapers asking for people who felt consistently lucky or unlucky. Hundreds of extraordinary men and women volunteered for my research. Over the years I have interviewed them, monitored their lives and had them take part in various experiments.
In one of the experiments, I gave both lucky and unlucky people a newspaper, asking them to look through it and tell me how many photographs were inside. I had secretly placed a large message halfway through the newspaper, saying, “Tell the experimenter you have seen this and you will win $50.” This message took up half of the page and was written in type that was more than two inches high. It was staring everyone in the face, but the unlucky people tended to miss it and the lucky people tended to spot it.
Unlucky people are generally more nervous than lucky people, and this anxiety affects their ability to notice the unexpected. As a result, they miss opportunities because they are too focused on looking for something else. They go to gatherings concentrating on finding their perfect partners and miss opportunities to make good friends. They look through newspapers determined to find certain types of job advertisements and miss other types of jobs.
Lucky people are more relaxed and open and therefore see what is there rather than just what they are looking for. My research eventually showed that lucky people are skilled at noticing opportunities, make lucky decisions by listening to their intuition (直觉), are open to new experiences, and adopt a never-say-die attitude that transforms bad luck into good luck.
28. What’s the purpose of the author’s research?
A. To discover what luck means to people.
B. To find lucky people and unlucky people.
C. To distinguish between good luck and bad luck.
D. To figure out why people are always lucky or unlucky.
29. Why did the unlucky people miss the message in the experiment?
A. There was too much information to be read in detail.
B. They were too focused on looking for photographs.
C. It took too much time to go through newspapers.
D. The words were too small to be noticed.
30. What leads to lucky people’s good fortune?
A. Their ability to spot opportunities. B. Their ability to become relaxed.
C. Their ability to communicate. D. Their ability to make friends.
31. What’s the key message of the last paragraph?
A. What lucky people are looking for.
B. How lucky people generate good luck.
C. What lucky people can do with opportunities.
D. How lucky people transform bad luck into good luck.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. A 31. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。作者通过研究，弄明白了为什么有的人总是很幸运，而其他人总是很不幸。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I wanted to know why some people were always in the right place at the right time, while others consistently experienced ill fortune”可知，作者想弄清楚为什么一些人总是很幸运，在正确的时间出现在正确的地点，而其他人却总是经历着不幸。故D选项正确。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Unlucky people are generally more nervous than lucky people, and this anxiety affects their ability to notice the unexpected. As a result, they miss opportunities because they are too focused on looking for something else.”可知，不幸的人通常比幸运的人更紧张，而这种焦虑影响了他们注意到出乎意料的事情的能力。因此，他们错过了机会，因为他们过于专注于寻找其他东西。结合第二段中的实验可知，不幸的人错过了那个信息，因为他们把过多的注意力放到寻找照片上了。故B选项正确。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“My research eventually showed that lucky people are skilled at noticing opportunities, make lucky decisions by listening to their intuition (直觉), are open to new experiences, and adopt a never-say-die attitude that transforms bad luck into good luck.”可知，我的研究最终表明，幸运的人们会注意到机遇，通过倾听他们的直觉来做出幸运的决定，乐于接受新的体验，并采取一种永不放弃的态度，把坏运气转化为好的运气。故结合选项，A选项切题：他们发现机遇的能力给他们带来了好运。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。最后一段主要分析了幸运的人为什么总是很幸运的原因：他们善于注意到机遇，乐于接受新事物，永不放弃等等。故最后一段的中心为B选项：幸运的人是如何创造好运的。
D
Corals (珊瑚) are often described as undersea forests, but they are declining far more quickly than the Amazon. The coral reefs (礁) are likely to be among the first ecosystems to be wiped out by climate change.
A temperature rise of just 1 to 2℃ can lead to the death of the algae (海藻) upon which corals depend, draining them of color and making the structure more fragile. These bleaching (脱色) events can be temporary if waters cool, but the more frequent they are and the longer they last, the greater the risk of damage is. But that’s exactly what is happening. Bleaching was first observed in 1983. It was seen on a global level in 1998, then 2010, and then from 2015 to 2017. Most available scientific evidence tells us that unless we do something to limit warming to 1.5℃, we will lose 99% of the world’s coral reefs in coming decades.
But there are other threats beyond warming. Off the Philippine island of Palawan, its old reefs have been badly damaged by dirty water from the tourist holiday center, pollution from boats and overfishing. The area ought to be a shelter because it’s one of the ocean regions most bearable to climate change. “Even here, we are losing our corals,” said David Obura, chair of the Global Specialist Group in the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. “We need to reduce stress from overfishing, coastal development, pollution and tourism.”
“I’m a generation of scientists watching them disappear. It’s very depressing,” Obura said. “Above 1.5℃, in about 50 years, they will be a treasure of historic movies and pictures, but very little to see in real life. Children born today may be the last generation to see coral reefs in all their glory.”
32. How does the rising temperature affect corals?
A. By damaging the algae. B. By darkening their color.
C. By cutting their food resources. D. By changing their structures temporarily.
33. What happened after 2015 according to the text?
A. Bleaching first became a global issue.
B. The ocean’s temperature went up steadily.
C. We lost 99% of the world’s coral reefs.
D. World-wide coral bleaching lasted longer.
34. What factor that threatens corals is stressed in Paragraph 3?
A. Illegal fishing. B. Climate change.
C. Ocean pollution. D. Global warming.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Philippine’s coral reefs are under threat.
B. Experts’ great concern on global warming.
C. Record our undersea forests before it is too late
D. The next generation may never see the beauty of coral reefs
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了因为气候，污染等因素的影响导致珊瑚礁即将消失的问题。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A temperature rise of just 1 to 2℃ can lead to the death of the algae (海藻) upon which corals depend, draining them of color and making the structure more fragile.”可知，温度只升高1到2℃就会导致珊瑚依赖的藻类死亡，使它们的颜色消退，结构更脆弱。由此可知，温度上升是通过损害藻类而影响珊瑚的。故A选项正确。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These bleaching (脱色) events can be temporary if waters cool, but the more frequent they are and the longer they last, the greater the risk of damage is. But that’s exactly what is happening. Bleaching was first observed in 1983. It was seen on a global level in 1998, then 2010, and then from 2015 to 2017.” 可知，“脱色”事件在水冷却的情况下可能是暂时的，但其频率越频繁，持续时间越长，损坏的风险越大。但这正是正在发生的事情。“脱色”于1983年首次被观察到。在1998年、2010年、2015年到2017年在全球范围内出现“脱色”现象。由此可知，2015年之后，全世界范围的珊瑚“脱色”情况持续的时间越来越长，发生频率越来越高。故D选项正确。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“its old reefs have been badly damaged by dirty water from the tourist holiday center, pollution from boats and overfishing”可知，菲律宾的旧珊瑚礁因旅游度假中心的污水、船只的污染和过度捕捞而受到严重破坏。因此，结合选项，海洋污染符合题意。故C选项正确。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段提出：珊瑚礁可能是受气候变化影响的第一生态系统之一。第二段和第三段分析了影响珊瑚礁的一些因素。第四段进一步强调：大约50年后，珊瑚礁将成为历史电影和图片的珍宝，但在现实生活中却很少能看到。今天出生的孩子可能是最后一代看到珊瑚礁的人。由此可知，整篇文章主要突出了珊瑚礁濒临消失，导致我们的下一代再也见不到美丽的珊瑚礁了。故D选项切题。
【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。此时，要注意一些转折词，如but, yet, however, although, in spite of, by contrast, on the contrary等。当文章中表示相反的观点时，往往用到这些词。答题时要弄清哪个是作者的观点，排除迷惑性信息，准确归纳主旨大意。例如在第四小题中，考生可以根据第一段的最后一句，第二段和第三段的首句，第四段的最后一句概括出文章的中心。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Competition is all around us and it makes the strong stronger and the weak weaker. It can also teach us how to survive in a fast-paced and stressful world. ____36____. How many of us have seen young boys weeping because their teams didn’t win inter-school tournament? How many of us have seen young teenagers cheat just to win? ______37______ So it’s important to develop healthy competition among children.
When it comes to encouraging healthy competition among children, the first thing to do is set goals for them to stick to. ___38___
Since children may be easily affected by wrong ideas from popular media and the Internet, it’s up to you to develop the right kind of spirit in them. Team spirit will help them grow into human beings who aren’t easily annoyed by small losses or too excited by victories. ____39____ So give them examples where family members refused to cheat to win.
___40___. When they take an exam, don’t ask about how much they expect to score; instead, ask what they wrote about. If your son played a cricket match at school, don’t ask him whether his team won or lost; ask him how many runs he scored and encourage him to score higher next time instead. When you let your children know that you’re more interested in how they performed rather than whether they lost or won, they will surely try to better themselves.
A. However, you mustn’t push them too hard and burden them with too high a goal
B. We should also encourage healthy competition among children
C. These are the effects of unhealthy competition
D. In addition, they may also not want to adopt just any method to win, like cheating or lying
E. Care more about children’s performance rather than the results in a sports match
F. However, children can be hit by competition
G Sending your children the right signals is also important
【答案】36. F 37. C
38. A 39. D
40. G
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何培养孩子之间的健康的竞争意识。
【36题详解】
根据下文提到的两个问题：我们中有多少人见过年轻的男孩因为他们的球队没有赢得校际比赛而哭泣？我们中有多少人见过青少年为了赢而作弊？这两个问题是两个例子，证明竞争会让人受到打击。故F选项切题。
【37题详解】
前面提到的两个问题折射出不健康竞争产生的影响，同时，该选项又引出下文“培养儿童健康竞争”，故C选项“这些是不健康竞争的影响”承上启下，切题。
【38题详解】
上一句提到“当它来鼓励孩子们的健康竞争时，要做的第一件事就是设定他们的目标。”该空承接上文，对设定目标这件事作进一步的说明。故A选项“然而，你不能把他们逼得太紧，让目标成为他们的负担。”切题。
【39题详解】
下文提到“所以给他们举个家人为了赢而拒绝作弊的例子。”根据下文中的so可知，该空和下文之间是因果关系。那么，该空应该提到作弊这样的话题。选项中只有D选项与此有关：“此外，他们也可能不想采取任何手段来取胜，比如欺骗或撒谎。”该空同时承接上文“团队精神将帮助他们成长为一个人，他们不会轻易被小损失所困扰，也不会因胜利而过于兴奋。”该选项也体现了团队精神的作用。综上，D选项切题。
【40题详解】
该段提到“当他们参加考试时，不要问他们期望多少分数，而是问问他们写了些什么。如果你的儿子在学校打板球，不要问他的球队是赢还是输；问他进了多少分，鼓励他下一次得分更高。当你让你的孩子知道你对他们的表现更感兴趣，而不是他们是输了还是赢了，他们肯定会努力让自己更好。”通过该段内容可知，作者建议家长给孩子传递正确的信息：你关心的是他们的表现，而不是成绩。故G选项正确。
第三部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A, B,C,和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将其涂黑。
Any form of speech can be challenging, particularly if you are not used to talking in front of an audience. I am very ___41___ that I have been doing presentations and ___42___training programs for many years, ___43___ I have got used to the nervousness that always appears inside before I speak. The nervousness is always a(n) ___44___ thing for me as it allows me to channel my energy into what I want to say.
Just recently I had the pleasure of ___45___ at a conference about the key success factors (因素) in business and as usual in the days before my presentation I spent a lot of time ___46___ what I wanted to cover, as well as ___47___ the content.
I have always ___48___the level of success of my presentations by the applause (掌声) and ___49___that I receive from the audience. After the applause ended I had the _____50_____ to personally speak to nearly all of the delegates (代表). The last delegate I spoke with _____51_____ me by taking my hand, shaking it and saying how much she _____52_____ my presentation, and that she had got a lot of _____53_____ tips to use in her business. Usually I feel _____54_____ after any presentation, and I know it is directly related to how much energy I put into what I do. _____55_____, this time her praise gave me a great lift and recharged my batteries.
This _____56_____at the end of my presentation also made me realize that what we _____57_____ in life can come back to us and _____58_____, we all need to value the praise when and where it is deserved. As I drove away from the _____59_____ I reflected on how fortunate I had been to receive all those words of praise and _____60_____that morning.
41. A. curious B. fortunate C. doubtful D. amazed
42. A. copying B. conducting C. using D. designing
43. A. but B. though C. so D. because
44. A. impossible B. natural C. funny D. good
45. A. performing B. speaking C. educating D. learning
46. A. printing B. reducing C. researching D. telling
47. A. imagining B. protecting C. describing D. preparing
48. A. measured B. changed C. raised D. adjusted
49. A. gifts B. advice C. comments D. invitation
50. A. motivation B. responsibility C. plan D. chance
51. A. greeted B. blamed C. confused D. welcomed
52. A. explored B. enjoyed C. admired D. expected
53. A. interesting B. simple C. helpful D. free
54. A. excited B. relaxed C. embarrassed D. tired
55. A. However B. Moreover C. Otherwise D. Therefore
56. A. challenge B. discovery C. experience D. accident
57. A. figure out B. set up C. dream of D. give out
58. A. equally B. differently C. seriously D. practically
59. A. party B. conference C. school D. ceremony
60. A. achievement B. comfort C. trust D. encouragement
【答案】41. B 42. B 43. C 44. D 45. B 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. D 55. A 56. C 57. D 58. A 59. B 60. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者多年来一直从事演讲和培训方面的工作。一次演讲完毕后，一位与会代表的赞扬使得作者深受鼓舞，感悟颇多。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. curious好奇的；B. fortunate幸运的；C. doubtful怀疑的；D. amazed惊奇的。上文提到做演讲是非常有挑战性的一件事。该句提到作者自己多年以来一直进行演讲方面的工作。因此可以推知，作者为自己多年来一直从事这种有挑战性的行为而感到“幸运”。B选项正确。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. copying复制，抄写；B. conducting进行，实施；C. using使用；D. designing设计。根据前文的“do presentations”可以推知，作者多年来一直进行培训项目。B选项正确。
【43题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。A. but但是；B. though尽管；C. so因此；D. because因为。作者多年来一直进行演讲培训方面的工作，“所以”他已经习惯了在开口讲话之前内心出现的紧张感觉。故C选项正确。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. impossible不可能的；B. natural自然的；C. funny有趣的，好笑的；D. good好的。根据后文的“as it allows me to channel my energy into what I want to say”可知，紧张让我把我的精力引导到我想说的话上。由此推知，紧张对作者来说是一件“好事”。故D选项正确。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. performing表演，表现；B. speaking演说，发言，说；C. educating教育；D. learning学习。根据下文中的“my presentation”可知，作者最近在一次会议上进行演讲，谈论关于商业成功的关键因素。B选项正确。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. printing印刷；B. reducing减少；C. researching研究；D. telling告诉，讲述。作者在演讲之前要“研究”自己想要演讲的内容。C选项正确。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. imagining想象；B. protecting保护；C. describing描述；D. preparing准备。在演讲之前，作者要准备自己演讲的内容。D选项正确。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. measured衡量，测量；B. changed改变；C. raised提高，举起；D. adjusted调整。作者一直根据观众的掌声来衡量自己演讲的成功程度。A选项正确。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. gifts礼物；B. advice建议；C. comments评论；D. invitation请柬。该空和前面的the applause并列，都指的是听众对作者演讲的反应。听众的反应包括掌声和评论。故C选项正确。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. motivation动力，动机；B. responsibility责任；C. plan计划；D. chance机会。掌声过后，作者有“机会”和几乎所有的代表进行交谈。D选项正确。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. greeted欢迎，迎接，致敬，问候；B. blamed责备；C. confused使困惑；D. welcomed欢迎。下文中的“taking my hand, shaking it and saying how much she ____ my presentation”都是最后一位代表向作者致敬的方式。故A选项正确。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. explored探索；B. enjoyed喜欢，享受；C. admired 赞美，钦佩；D. expected期望，预料。根据下文中的“she had got a lot of ___ tips to use in her business”可知，最后一位代表从作者的演讲中受益颇多，因此她告诉作者非常“喜欢”作者的演讲。B选项正确。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. interesting有趣的；B. simple简单的；C. helpful有帮助的，有用的；D. free自由的。结合上一句可知，她非常喜欢作者的演讲。由此推之，她从作者的演讲中获得了很多有用的建议。C选项正确。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. excited兴奋的；B. relaxed放松的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. tired疲惫的。根据下文中“this time her praise gave me a great lift and recharged my batteries”可知，这一次演讲完毕之后，最后一位代表的表扬让作者精神振奋。由此推知，通常作者演讲完毕之后都会感到非常疲惫。因为演讲耗费了大量精力。D选项正确。
【55题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. However但是；B. Moreover此外，另外；C. Otherwise否则；D. Therefore因此。通常作者演讲完毕之后都会感到非常疲惫。这一次作者感到精神振奋。由此可知，前后文之间是转折关系。故A选项正确。
【56题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. challenge挑战；B. discovery发现；C. experience经历，经验；D. accident意外事故。这次经历（上文提到的内容）使得作者意识到生活中，我们付出的东西会回归到我们身上。C选项正确。
【57题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. figure out弄明白，弄清楚；B. set up建立；C. dream of 梦想；D. give out分发。根据下文中的“come back to …”可知，该空和come back相对，故D选项“分发”正确，表示我们在生活中付出的一切都会回归到我们手里。
【58题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. equally同样地，相等地；B. differently不同地；C. seriously严肃地，认真地；D. practically实际地，实践地。我们在生活中付出的一切都会回到我们手里。同样地，我们需要在应当得到赞扬的时候和地方珍惜应得的赞扬。A选项正确。
【59题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. party聚会；B. conference会议；C. school学校；D. ceremony典礼。根据第二段中的“at a conference”可知，作者在一次会议上作演讲。故B选项正确。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. achievement成就；B. comfort安慰；C. trust信任；D. encouragement鼓励。根据倒数第二段中的“this time her praise gave me a great lift and recharged my batteries”可知，最后一位代表给了作者极大的表扬，她的表扬使作者精神振奋，大受鼓励。故D选项正确。
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you only got six hours’ shut eye last night, there is no need ___61___(lose) sleep over it.
Scientists say that though it is___62___(wide) believed that we need eight hours of sleep a night, six to seven hours is the natural amount.
Advising short-sleepers to rest easy, the US researchers say, ____63____(have) important implications(暗示,含义) for the idea that we need to take sleeping pills because sleep has been reduced from___64___(it) natural level by the widespread use of electricity, TV, the Internet and so on.
The lead author of a study, Ghandi, said: “There’s the ___65___(expect) that we should all be sleeping for eight or nine hours a night, and if we took away modern technology, we would be sleeping more. But now, for the first time, we are showing that’s not___66___ truth.”
Most of those ___67___were studied slept for less than seven hours a night, with the average amount just six hours and 25 minutes. This is much less than the eight hours often____68____(recommend) in western societies.
Despite this, the people studied were in good health, ___69___ lower rates of obesity(肥胖症), better blood pressure and _____70_____(healthy) hearts than people in industrialised societies. They were also fitter.
【答案】61. to lose
62. widely 63. has
64. its 65. expectation
66. the 67. who
68. recommended
69. with 70. healthier
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。研究表明：和八小时的睡眠相比，一个晚上六到七个小时的睡眠更好。
【61题详解】
考查固定句式。There is no need to do sth.是固定句式，意为“没有必要做某事”，故填to lose。
【62题详解】
考查副词。该空修饰动词believe，需用副词，故填widely。
【63题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：建议睡眠不足的人放松休息对我们需要服用安眠药的想法有重要意义。根据下文可知，该句应用一般现在时态。且主语为动名词，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式，故谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式，故填has。
【64题详解】
考查代词。句意：由于电力、电视、互联网等的广泛使用，睡眠已从其自然水平上减少了。 该空修饰后面的名词level，应该用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：人们期望我们每晚睡八到九个小时，如果我们将现代科技拿开，我们就会睡得更多。该题考查There be+n.结构，该空作表语，因此应该填名词。且根据“There be+n.”结构中，be动词和n.保持形式上的一致”原则，该空应该填单数名词expectation。
【66题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我们第一次证明这不是事实。truth经常和定冠词the连用，故该空填the。
【67题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：大多数接受研究的人每晚睡眠时间不到7个小时，平均睡眠时间只有6小时25分钟。___7___were studied是定语从句，修饰those，指人，引导词在从句中作主语，当先行词为those时，引导词只能用who。故填who。
【68题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这比西方社会经常推荐的8小时要少得多。该空作定语，修饰the eight hours，the eight hours和recommend之间是被动关系，需用过去分词作定语，故填recommended。
【69题详解】
考查介词。句意：尽管如此，与工业化社会的人相比，研究人员身体健康，肥胖率更低，血压水平更好，心脏更健康。该空后面是三个名词，且该空表示伴随情况，故该空填介词with。
【70题详解】
考查比较级。句意：尽管如此，与工业化社会的人相比，研究人员身体健康，肥胖率更低，血压水平更好，心脏更健康。该空修饰名词hearts，应用形容词。且根据前文的lower，better可知，该空应该填healthy的比较级，故填healthier。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My mom and dad are great cooks, but I always enjoy staying at home and having delicious food. I remembered when I was about six, all the kids in my neighborhood wanted hamburgers and chips, but some didn’t have money to buy it. So my father tried to make some on the weekend and asked them eat at my home for the free. The kids were very happier. It helped me make lots of friend. Now I often cooking for my parents, and they like my dishes, either. It’s really relaxing to sit around a table for my parents, eating and talking together.
【答案】1. but →so/and
2. remembered →remember
3. it →them
4. eat前加to
5. free前the 删除
6. happier →happy
7. friend → friends
8. cooking →cook
9. either → too
10. for →with
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者的父母是很棒的厨师。作者小时候父亲曾免费给社区的小孩们做汉堡和薯条。现在作者长大了，经常给父母做饭。一家人在一起吃饭，其乐融融。
【详解】第一处：考查连词。句意：我父母都是很棒的厨师，所以我一直很喜欢待在家里，吃美味的食物。前后两句之间是因果或顺承关系，应用连词so/and。but表转折，故应将but改为so/and。
第二处：考查时态。下文作者回忆的是六岁时的事情。那么，该处的remember表示的是“现在记得”，故应将remembered改为remember。
第三处：考查代词。句意：我所在社区所有的孩子都想要汉堡包和薯条，但有些人没有钱去买。buy后面的宾语应该指上文中的hamburgers and chips，代指复数名词，且作宾语，应该用代词them。故将it改为them。
第四处：考查固定句式。表示“要求某人做某事”，应该用ask sb. to do sth.结构，故应在them和eat之间加上to。
第五处：考查冠词。表示“免费地”，应用for free，故the多余，应去掉。
第六处：考查形容词。句意：孩子们非常开心。very修饰形容词原级，故应该将happier改为happy。
第七处：考查名词。friend是可数名词，lots of修饰可数名词复数，故将friend改为friends。
第八处：考查谓语动词。句意：现在，我经常为父母做饭。often常和一般现在时态连用，因此该句应用一般现在时态。其中，cook作谓语，cooking是现在分词，不能作谓语，故将cooking改为cook。
第九处：考查副词。句意：他们也喜欢我做的饭。表示“也”，either常用于否定句。用于肯定句，应用too。故将either改为too。
第十处：考查介词。句意：和我的父母坐在一起吃饭聊天真的很放松。表示“和……一起”，应用介词with。故将for改为with。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
书面表达(满分25分)
72.假如你是李华,你的美国网友Peter参加中国象棋网络挑战赛获得了一等奖。请根据以下提示写一封英文电子邮件向他表示祝贺。
1.祝贺他获奖；
2.肯定他付出的努力；
3.询问何时方便，在网上切磋棋艺。
注意:
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已为你写好。
参考词汇:中国象棋网络挑战赛the Chinese Chess Network Challenge
Dear Peter,
I am writing to offer my sincere congratulations
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Congratulations again!
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I am writing to offer my sincere congratulations to you on your winning the first prize in the Chinese Chess Network Challenge. As your friend I just want you to know how happy I am at your success.
“Everything comes to him who waits.” For these years, you’ve shown great interest in Chinese chess and kept on practicing it every day. Not only have you read many books about Chinese chess strategy, but also you have competed in all kinds of Chinese chess contests. Finally, you succeeded in winning the online competition!
So I’m so delighted that you become champion of this network challenge. At last, I hope to play Chinese chess with you so that we can make progress together. Please tell me when you have time.
Congratulations again!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本文为应用文。你的美国网友Peter参加中国象棋网络挑战赛获得了一等奖。请根据以下提示写一封英文电子邮件向他表示祝贺。首先祝贺他获奖；还要肯定他付出的努力；最后询问何时方便，在网上切磋棋艺。
【详解】本文属于提纲类作文。提纲是文章的总体框架，要在提纲的范围内进行分析、构思和想象．要依据提示情景或词语，按照一定逻辑关系来写。第一部分叙述写信的理由，即向对方表示衷心的祝贺，祝贺获得中国国际象棋网络挑战赛一等奖。第二部分要肯定对方所付出的努力。这一部分要增加细节，进行合理的想象，如每天练习（practise it every day ），阅读有关的文章(read many books about Chinese chess strategy)，参战与观战(compete/watch in all kinds of Chinese chess contest)等。第三部分询问何时方便，在网上切磋棋艺，并再次表示祝贺。本文写作时可以按照要点所给的顺序写，根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态。还要注意使用高级词汇和句式，以增加文章的亮点．
【点睛】本文结构紧凑，层次分明。文中使用了多种表达：the first prize（一等奖）；keep on（ 一直做某事）；Not only，but also（不但而且）；make progress (取得进步)；succeed in doing(成功做成某事)等。文中的句式较为灵活多变。既有as引导的定语从句As your friend，I just want you to know how glad I am at your success； 由not onlybut also引导的并列句Not only have you read many books about Chinese chess strategy，but also you have competed in all kinds of Chinese chess contest；名词性从句I'm so happy that you become champion of this network challenge． 由so that引导的状语从句At last，I hope to play Chinese chess with you so that we can make progress together。这都极好地体现了对英语的驾驶水平。
英 语 试 题
(考试时间: 120分钟 试卷满分:150)
注意事项:
1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
3.考试作答时，请将答案正确地填写在答题卡上。第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；第Ⅱ卷请用直径0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节(共5 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分7.5 分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What does the woman need to do today?
A. Attend a competition. B. Collect some material. C. Recite a composition.
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
M: It seems you’re very busy today.
W: Yes. I want to take part in a writing competition next week. I need to write a composition of about 1,000 words. But before writing I need to search for a lot of material.
【详解】本题为听力题，解析略。
2.
What is the weather probably like now?
A. Hot. B. Cold. C. Warm.
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
W: Ted, I heard you’re ill. Why are you outdoors standing in the wind?
M: You must have heard it wrong. It’s my brother Tim who has a fever. I work out while he doesn’t, you know.
W: I see. But don’t you think you wear too little on such a day?
【详解】本题为听力题，解析略。
3.
When will the man leave for Sweden?
A. Today. B. Tomorrow. C. The day after tomorrow.
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
W: So when are you going to Sweden, tomorrow or the day after tomorrow?
M: Neither. Don’t you see I’m packing now? My train leaves in just five hours.
W: I thought you were just going to do your laundry.
【详解】本题为听力题，解析略。
4.
How does the woman finally decide to go home?
A. By bus. B. In the man’s car. C. In her father’s car.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
W: Oh, no. I missed the bus home. It’s already half past ten now. I don’t think there will be another bus to come.
M: Don’t worry. I can take you home.
W: Thanks, but we go in different directions. I’ll just call my dad to pick me up.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
5.
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A book. B. An album. C. A song.
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
W: Henry, it seems you really love the songs in Workbook.
M: Yes. Of all the albums I’ve owned, none has taught me more about mood, story, lyric, and melody than this one. It was my favorite and remains my favorite.
【详解】本题为听力题，解析略。
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. How did the woman get the books?
A. From the bookstore. B. From her neighbor. C. From her husband.
7. What does the woman hope to do?
A. Write great books. B. Earn a lot of money. C. Work for Amazon.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
M: Ann, didn’t you say you wanted to buy some new books last week?
W: Yes. Why did you ask?
M: The bookstore in our neighborhood is celebrating its tenth anniversary. There is a forty percent discount on all books.
W: Thanks, but I don’t want to buy any new books now. My husband bought me more than twenty books on Amazon last weekend. They were at half price. We really saved a lot of money.
M: Why did you buy so many books?
W: Well, in order to write popular books, I need to read more books to learn how to write.
【6题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【7题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What did the man lack when he was young?
A. Chances to play with siblings. B. The family’s love. C. His own space.
9. What does the woman have?
A. An elder brother. B. A younger brother. C. An elder sister.
【答案】8. C 9. A
【解析】
W: Mr. Brown, you have two younger brothers and one elder sister. Did you like growing up with so many siblings(兄弟姐妹)?
M: When I was young, I didn’t like it at all. I had no space of my own.
W: You must have faced a lot of competition in the family.
M: You’re absolutely right. As we grew into teenagers, our mutual competitiveness drove us to get good grades. And all of us ended up going to a very good university.
W: What do you think of having so many siblings now?
M: Now I really appreciate this. My kids have many cousins and I’ve many nieces and nephews. They bring us great joy. So do you have any siblings?
W: Yes. I have a brother who is two years older than me. We get along very well. We often played together when we were little.
【8题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【9题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. Why is Anna absent from school these days?
A. She is sick.
B. She travels to America.
C. She does a project on depression.
11. What percentage of the US population battle depression?
A. 3.4%. B. 5%. C. 9%.
12. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At school. B. At home. C. At a hospital.
【答案】10. A 11. C 12. A
【解析】
W: Richard, do you know why Anna didn’t come to school these days?
M: She’s suffering depression. She’s receiving professional help now. And she was advised to spend a few days at home.
W: I’m so sorry to hear that. But I’m not surprised. It seemed to me that Anna wasn’t happy at all. I just didn’t know it was so serious.
M: But I knew she was suffering depression. And I know she isn’t alone.
W: What do you mean?
M: Depression is something millions of people across the world struggle with on a daily basis. According to the World Health Organization, 350 million people around the world suffer from depression. In America alone, 9 percent of the country battles the issue, with 3.4 percent suffering from a major case of depression.
W: That’s really a common problem. I do hope people can find good ways to overcome depression.
M: Me, too. Oh, my class will begin soon. Talk to you later. Bye.
W: Bye.
10题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【11题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【12题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. What does the man think of visiting art galleries?
A. Expensive. B. Worthwhile. C. Boring.
14. Where did the woman go recently?
A. Washington. B. Seoul. C. Paris.
15. How old is the woman now?
A. 22 years old. B. 26 years old. C. 28 years old.
16. Why didn’t the woman visit Musee d’Orsay?
A. She didn’t have enough time.
B. She wasn’t interested in it.
C. She was short of money.
【答案】13. B 14. A 15. C 16. A
【解析】
W: Sam, it seems you really love visiting art galleries.
M: That’s true. I think art galleries provide the perfect background to admire and appreciate works of art by great artists of different eras across the globe.
W: I agree. Visiting an art gallery cannot only be fun but also exciting as you experience the first-hand look of many amazing masterpieces altogether.
M: So do you like visiting art galleries, too?
W: Yes. I just came back from Washington the other day. I visited the National Gallery of Art there. It has one of the biggest collections of masterworks in the world. So have you also visited it?
M: Yes. It’s amazing. So what other art galleries have you visited?
W: I visited Centre Pompidou when I was in Paris last year and the National Museum of Korea in Seoul when I was 22 years old. Though it was 6 years ago, I remember that experience very well.
M: Didn’t you visit Musee d’Orsay when you were in Paris?
W: No. I didn’t have a long stay in the city. But I look forward to visiting it next year. I bet you must have visited it.
M: You’re right. It’s one of the world’s richest, greatest and most exciting art galleries. I can’t wait to revisit it.
【13题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【14题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【15题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【16题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What does the speaker say about the activities?
A. They are easy. B. They are diverse. C. They are educational.
18. What kind of course are the children expected to attend?
A. The 7-week course. B. The full-week course. C. The single-day course.
19. Who can attend this year’s course?
A. Children aged 3-5. B. Children aged 5-7. C. Children aged 8-10.
20. What should the children do in advance to apply for the course?
A. Pay all the fees. B. Choose their activities. C. Fill out an application form.
【答案】17. B 18. B 19. C 20. C
【解析】
M: Well, I want to talk about an activity course for the summer holidays. It operated for the first time last year for a six-week period from the middle of July until the end of August. This year we will be holding the course again. There will be different things to do every week, so the children won’t be repeating the same activities over and over again. However, I don’t expect many children will come for the whole summer, as I’m sure their parents will want to be with them for a week or two. We do, however, ask that children attend full weeks, not just single days. It makes it easier for us to keep attendance records. The course is available for children aged 8-10. Next year, those aged 5-7 are welcome to the course. If a child or a child’s parent is interested in coming to my summer activity course, they should go to my website, www. summeractivities. co. uk and print out an application form. Send it in with part payment as soon as possible. You’ll need to tell us which weeks you are planning to attend straightaway, but you won’t need to choose your activities in advance.
【17题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【18题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【19题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
【20题详解】
本题为听力题，解析略。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，每小题2分，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题, 每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
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Concordia Language Villages, a program of Concordia College in Moorhead, Minn., offers language immersion (沉浸) programs in 15 languages: Arabic, Chinese, Danish, English, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish and Swedish. Our camp lasts a week. No previous language experience is necessary, and all levels of language learners are welcome at our culturally authentic Villages.
Six Flags Animal Adventure Camps Jackson, New Jersey
Kids aged 6 to12 can enjoy a week-long journey into the world of exotic (来自异国的) animals, including dolphins, tigers, elephants, giraffes, monkeys and more! They’ll have fun while they learn about animals and the importance of preserving their habitats through hands-on activities and exciting live presentations from animal experts. Surf our website for a registration form, FAQs, Parent Guide, health forms and more! Or, call 732-928-2000 ext. 2076 NOW to book the experience of a lifetime! Camp fun facts
Soccer Camps International Europe London, Greater London
This summer, experience world-class soccer in Europe with the elite soccer clubs in England, Spain, Italy, Portugal and France! These famous youth summer soccer camps are waiting for players 7-18 years old from all over the world! The camp maximum stay is 2 weeks. Camps offer multiple options like
Gakko in Japan Izumi City, Kagoshima Prefecture
Imagine summer camp in Japan! Adventurous high school students from the US & Canada join their Japanese partners for an English-mostly, cross-cultural, mind-blowing summer experience in beautiful Japan. Cooperate with college-aged instructors from Harvard, Yale, Stanford, Oxford and other top schools to create a camp unlike any other. For 2 weeks in a beautiful, rural place, "Kohai" (that's what we call campers) join in strict workshops and hands-on projects.
21. What is special about Concordia Language Villages?
A. It requires a membership status. B. It satisfies language learners of all levels.
C. It is aimed at children aged 6 to 12. D. It demands fluency in several languages.
22. Which summer camp offers knowledge about animals?
A. Six Flags Animal Adventure Camps. B. Soccer Camps International Europe.
C. Concordia Language Villages. D. Gakko in Japan.
23. What do we know about the camp Gakko in Japan?
A. It provides diverse language programs.
B. It resembles other camps in many aspects.
C. It focuses on a cross-cultural experience.
D. It only invites campers from North America.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个夏令营项目的相关信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Our camp lasts a week. No previous language experience is necessary, and all levels of language learners are welcome at our culturally authentic Villages”可知，Concordia Language Villages欢迎所有水平的语言学习者。故B选项正确。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Kids aged 6 to12 can enjoy … into the world of exotic (来自异国的) animals, including dolphins, tigers, elephants, giraffes, monkeys and more! They'll have fun while they learn about animals and the importance of preserving their habitats ….”可知，在Six Flags Animal Adventure Camps，孩子们可以进入来自异国的动物的世界……在这里，他们将会玩得很开心，同时了解动物们以及如何保护动物的栖息地。故A选项切题。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Adventurous high school students from the US & Canada join their Japanese partners for an English-mostly, cross-cultural, mind-blowing summer experience in beautiful Japan”可知，在Gakko in Japan，来自美国和加拿大的有冒险精神的高中生和他们的日本伙伴一起在美丽的日本参加以英语为主，跨文化的令人心旷神怡的夏季体验。故结合选项，C选项正确。
【点睛】细心审题，直接就题找答案。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。例如第一小题考生可以直接根据题干中的Concordia Language Villages直接确定答案在第一段。
B
When 12 girls from San Fernando high school in California received a grant (助学金) to develop an invention to solve a real-world problem, they decided to create a solar-powered shelter. Now for over a year, the girls have been working after school and over the winter and spring breaks to complete their project. “They have this amazing drive that I’ve never seen before, ” said Violet Mardirosian, a math teacher at San Fernando High. “I thought at the beginning that maybe some of them would give up, saying ‘I didn’t expect this much work,’ but they don’t. They’re just working hard and they’re not giving up.”
Living in a low-income community (社区), the girls have seen the problem of homelessness first-hand, which is why they chose that population to create a product for. Many of them are also from immigrant families and hope the solar-powered shelter might help refugees(难民). Seventeen-year-old Maggie Mejia said that while she had no engineering experience, the girls figured out as a team how to create the prototype (雏形), using how-to videos and books that taught them how to code. But the most important lesson she’s learned over the course of the project isn’t technical. “I’ve learned a lot about helping others, helping the community and showing a better world to other people,” she said.
The girls have been invited to MIT to show their invention. Mardirosian says all the participating students have expressed interest in going into STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) fields and that students from lower grades are already expressing interest in being involved next year. She says, “Many of them didn’t think about engineering before. They thought maybe they’re not made out to be an engineer. But working together, now they realize they’re all needed in this field. Everyone has found their importance in this picture.”
24. Why did Mardirosian think some girls would quit the subject?
A. It was not practical in real life.
B. It demanded a lot of time and energy.
C. It was not supported by their math teacher.
D. It required a lot of money and expert knowledge.
25. Why did the girls decide to create a solar-powered shelter?
A. To save energy. B. To win a scholarship.
C. To help the homeless. D. To be admitted to MIT.
26. According to Maggie, what is the most valuable lesson she has learned from the project?
A. How to code. B. The power of teamwork.
C. The way to teach herself. D. How to make the world a better place.
27. What does Mardirosian think of the project?
A. It taught girls to be independent. B. It should be continued next year.
C. It inspired girls’ interest in STEM. D. It showed the importance of engineering.
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. D 27. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。加州圣费尔南多高中的12名女孩获得了一项助学金时，她们决定建立一个太阳能避难所。文章介绍了她们进行该项目的原因和感受。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I thought at the beginning that maybe some of them would give up, saying ‘I didn’t expect this much work”可知，Mardirosian认为有一些女孩子可能会放弃，说：“我没有料到会有这么多工作”。该句中的“much work”应该指完成这个项目所需要的大量时间和精力。故B选项切题。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Living in a low-income community (社区), the girls have seen the problem of homelessness first-hand, which is why they chose that population to create a product for. Many of them are also from immigrant families and hope the solar-powered shelter might help refugees(难民).”可知，生活在低收入的社区中，这些女孩们亲眼目睹了无家可归的问题，这就是为什么他们选择为无家可归的人创造产品的原因。他们中许多人也来自移民家庭，希望太阳能供电的住房可以帮助难民。综上，这些女孩子创造太阳能避难所是为了帮助这些无家可归的人。C选项正确。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But the most important lesson she's learned over the course of the project isn't technical. “I've learned a lot about helping others, helping the community and showing a better world to other people,” she said”可知，Maggie Mejia认为，她学到的最重要的一点就是如何帮助他人，帮助社区，给其他人展示一个更好的世界。故结合选项，D选项切题：如何使世界变得更好。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Mardirosian says all the participating students have expressed interest in going into STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) fields and that students from lower grades are already expressing interest in being involved next year”可知，马迪罗西安说，所有参与的学生都对进入STEM（科学、技术、工程、数学）领域表示兴趣，而来自较低级的学生们已经对明年参与该项目表示兴趣。由此可以推知，该项目激发了女孩们对于STEM领域的兴趣。故C选项正确。
C
Ten years ago, I set out to examine luck. I wanted to know why some people were always in the right place at the right time, while others consistently experienced ill fortune. I placed advertisements in national newspapers asking for people who felt consistently lucky or unlucky. Hundreds of extraordinary men and women volunteered for my research. Over the years I have interviewed them, monitored their lives and had them take part in various experiments.
In one of the experiments, I gave both lucky and unlucky people a newspaper, asking them to look through it and tell me how many photographs were inside. I had secretly placed a large message halfway through the newspaper, saying, “Tell the experimenter you have seen this and you will win $50.” This message took up half of the page and was written in type that was more than two inches high. It was staring everyone in the face, but the unlucky people tended to miss it and the lucky people tended to spot it.
Unlucky people are generally more nervous than lucky people, and this anxiety affects their ability to notice the unexpected. As a result, they miss opportunities because they are too focused on looking for something else. They go to gatherings concentrating on finding their perfect partners and miss opportunities to make good friends. They look through newspapers determined to find certain types of job advertisements and miss other types of jobs.
Lucky people are more relaxed and open and therefore see what is there rather than just what they are looking for. My research eventually showed that lucky people are skilled at noticing opportunities, make lucky decisions by listening to their intuition (直觉), are open to new experiences, and adopt a never-say-die attitude that transforms bad luck into good luck.
28. What’s the purpose of the author’s research?
A. To discover what luck means to people.
B. To find lucky people and unlucky people.
C. To distinguish between good luck and bad luck.
D. To figure out why people are always lucky or unlucky.
29. Why did the unlucky people miss the message in the experiment?
A. There was too much information to be read in detail.
B. They were too focused on looking for photographs.
C. It took too much time to go through newspapers.
D. The words were too small to be noticed.
30. What leads to lucky people’s good fortune?
A. Their ability to spot opportunities. B. Their ability to become relaxed.
C. Their ability to communicate. D. Their ability to make friends.
31. What’s the key message of the last paragraph?
A. What lucky people are looking for.
B. How lucky people generate good luck.
C. What lucky people can do with opportunities.
D. How lucky people transform bad luck into good luck.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. A 31. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。作者通过研究，弄明白了为什么有的人总是很幸运，而其他人总是很不幸。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I wanted to know why some people were always in the right place at the right time, while others consistently experienced ill fortune”可知，作者想弄清楚为什么一些人总是很幸运，在正确的时间出现在正确的地点，而其他人却总是经历着不幸。故D选项正确。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Unlucky people are generally more nervous than lucky people, and this anxiety affects their ability to notice the unexpected. As a result, they miss opportunities because they are too focused on looking for something else.”可知，不幸的人通常比幸运的人更紧张，而这种焦虑影响了他们注意到出乎意料的事情的能力。因此，他们错过了机会，因为他们过于专注于寻找其他东西。结合第二段中的实验可知，不幸的人错过了那个信息，因为他们把过多的注意力放到寻找照片上了。故B选项正确。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“My research eventually showed that lucky people are skilled at noticing opportunities, make lucky decisions by listening to their intuition (直觉), are open to new experiences, and adopt a never-say-die attitude that transforms bad luck into good luck.”可知，我的研究最终表明，幸运的人们会注意到机遇，通过倾听他们的直觉来做出幸运的决定，乐于接受新的体验，并采取一种永不放弃的态度，把坏运气转化为好的运气。故结合选项，A选项切题：他们发现机遇的能力给他们带来了好运。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。最后一段主要分析了幸运的人为什么总是很幸运的原因：他们善于注意到机遇，乐于接受新事物，永不放弃等等。故最后一段的中心为B选项：幸运的人是如何创造好运的。
D
Corals (珊瑚) are often described as undersea forests, but they are declining far more quickly than the Amazon. The coral reefs (礁) are likely to be among the first ecosystems to be wiped out by climate change.
A temperature rise of just 1 to 2℃ can lead to the death of the algae (海藻) upon which corals depend, draining them of color and making the structure more fragile. These bleaching (脱色) events can be temporary if waters cool, but the more frequent they are and the longer they last, the greater the risk of damage is. But that’s exactly what is happening. Bleaching was first observed in 1983. It was seen on a global level in 1998, then 2010, and then from 2015 to 2017. Most available scientific evidence tells us that unless we do something to limit warming to 1.5℃, we will lose 99% of the world’s coral reefs in coming decades.
But there are other threats beyond warming. Off the Philippine island of Palawan, its old reefs have been badly damaged by dirty water from the tourist holiday center, pollution from boats and overfishing. The area ought to be a shelter because it’s one of the ocean regions most bearable to climate change. “Even here, we are losing our corals,” said David Obura, chair of the Global Specialist Group in the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. “We need to reduce stress from overfishing, coastal development, pollution and tourism.”
“I’m a generation of scientists watching them disappear. It’s very depressing,” Obura said. “Above 1.5℃, in about 50 years, they will be a treasure of historic movies and pictures, but very little to see in real life. Children born today may be the last generation to see coral reefs in all their glory.”
32. How does the rising temperature affect corals?
A. By damaging the algae. B. By darkening their color.
C. By cutting their food resources. D. By changing their structures temporarily.
33. What happened after 2015 according to the text?
A. Bleaching first became a global issue.
B. The ocean’s temperature went up steadily.
C. We lost 99% of the world’s coral reefs.
D. World-wide coral bleaching lasted longer.
34. What factor that threatens corals is stressed in Paragraph 3?
A. Illegal fishing. B. Climate change.
C. Ocean pollution. D. Global warming.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Philippine’s coral reefs are under threat.
B. Experts’ great concern on global warming.
C. Record our undersea forests before it is too late
D. The next generation may never see the beauty of coral reefs
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了因为气候，污染等因素的影响导致珊瑚礁即将消失的问题。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A temperature rise of just 1 to 2℃ can lead to the death of the algae (海藻) upon which corals depend, draining them of color and making the structure more fragile.”可知，温度只升高1到2℃就会导致珊瑚依赖的藻类死亡，使它们的颜色消退，结构更脆弱。由此可知，温度上升是通过损害藻类而影响珊瑚的。故A选项正确。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These bleaching (脱色) events can be temporary if waters cool, but the more frequent they are and the longer they last, the greater the risk of damage is. But that’s exactly what is happening. Bleaching was first observed in 1983. It was seen on a global level in 1998, then 2010, and then from 2015 to 2017.” 可知，“脱色”事件在水冷却的情况下可能是暂时的，但其频率越频繁，持续时间越长，损坏的风险越大。但这正是正在发生的事情。“脱色”于1983年首次被观察到。在1998年、2010年、2015年到2017年在全球范围内出现“脱色”现象。由此可知，2015年之后，全世界范围的珊瑚“脱色”情况持续的时间越来越长，发生频率越来越高。故D选项正确。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“its old reefs have been badly damaged by dirty water from the tourist holiday center, pollution from boats and overfishing”可知，菲律宾的旧珊瑚礁因旅游度假中心的污水、船只的污染和过度捕捞而受到严重破坏。因此，结合选项，海洋污染符合题意。故C选项正确。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段提出：珊瑚礁可能是受气候变化影响的第一生态系统之一。第二段和第三段分析了影响珊瑚礁的一些因素。第四段进一步强调：大约50年后，珊瑚礁将成为历史电影和图片的珍宝，但在现实生活中却很少能看到。今天出生的孩子可能是最后一代看到珊瑚礁的人。由此可知，整篇文章主要突出了珊瑚礁濒临消失，导致我们的下一代再也见不到美丽的珊瑚礁了。故D选项切题。
【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。此时，要注意一些转折词，如but, yet, however, although, in spite of, by contrast, on the contrary等。当文章中表示相反的观点时，往往用到这些词。答题时要弄清哪个是作者的观点，排除迷惑性信息，准确归纳主旨大意。例如在第四小题中，考生可以根据第一段的最后一句，第二段和第三段的首句，第四段的最后一句概括出文章的中心。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Competition is all around us and it makes the strong stronger and the weak weaker. It can also teach us how to survive in a fast-paced and stressful world. ____36____. How many of us have seen young boys weeping because their teams didn’t win inter-school tournament? How many of us have seen young teenagers cheat just to win? ______37______ So it’s important to develop healthy competition among children.
When it comes to encouraging healthy competition among children, the first thing to do is set goals for them to stick to. ___38___
Since children may be easily affected by wrong ideas from popular media and the Internet, it’s up to you to develop the right kind of spirit in them. Team spirit will help them grow into human beings who aren’t easily annoyed by small losses or too excited by victories. ____39____ So give them examples where family members refused to cheat to win.
___40___. When they take an exam, don’t ask about how much they expect to score; instead, ask what they wrote about. If your son played a cricket match at school, don’t ask him whether his team won or lost; ask him how many runs he scored and encourage him to score higher next time instead. When you let your children know that you’re more interested in how they performed rather than whether they lost or won, they will surely try to better themselves.
A. However, you mustn’t push them too hard and burden them with too high a goal
B. We should also encourage healthy competition among children
C. These are the effects of unhealthy competition
D. In addition, they may also not want to adopt just any method to win, like cheating or lying
E. Care more about children’s performance rather than the results in a sports match
F. However, children can be hit by competition
G Sending your children the right signals is also important
【答案】36. F 37. C
38. A 39. D
40. G
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何培养孩子之间的健康的竞争意识。
【36题详解】
根据下文提到的两个问题：我们中有多少人见过年轻的男孩因为他们的球队没有赢得校际比赛而哭泣？我们中有多少人见过青少年为了赢而作弊？这两个问题是两个例子，证明竞争会让人受到打击。故F选项切题。
【37题详解】
前面提到的两个问题折射出不健康竞争产生的影响，同时，该选项又引出下文“培养儿童健康竞争”，故C选项“这些是不健康竞争的影响”承上启下，切题。
【38题详解】
上一句提到“当它来鼓励孩子们的健康竞争时，要做的第一件事就是设定他们的目标。”该空承接上文，对设定目标这件事作进一步的说明。故A选项“然而，你不能把他们逼得太紧，让目标成为他们的负担。”切题。
【39题详解】
下文提到“所以给他们举个家人为了赢而拒绝作弊的例子。”根据下文中的so可知，该空和下文之间是因果关系。那么，该空应该提到作弊这样的话题。选项中只有D选项与此有关：“此外，他们也可能不想采取任何手段来取胜，比如欺骗或撒谎。”该空同时承接上文“团队精神将帮助他们成长为一个人，他们不会轻易被小损失所困扰，也不会因胜利而过于兴奋。”该选项也体现了团队精神的作用。综上，D选项切题。
【40题详解】
该段提到“当他们参加考试时，不要问他们期望多少分数，而是问问他们写了些什么。如果你的儿子在学校打板球，不要问他的球队是赢还是输；问他进了多少分，鼓励他下一次得分更高。当你让你的孩子知道你对他们的表现更感兴趣，而不是他们是输了还是赢了，他们肯定会努力让自己更好。”通过该段内容可知，作者建议家长给孩子传递正确的信息：你关心的是他们的表现，而不是成绩。故G选项正确。
第三部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A, B,C,和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将其涂黑。
Any form of speech can be challenging, particularly if you are not used to talking in front of an audience. I am very ___41___ that I have been doing presentations and ___42___training programs for many years, ___43___ I have got used to the nervousness that always appears inside before I speak. The nervousness is always a(n) ___44___ thing for me as it allows me to channel my energy into what I want to say.
Just recently I had the pleasure of ___45___ at a conference about the key success factors (因素) in business and as usual in the days before my presentation I spent a lot of time ___46___ what I wanted to cover, as well as ___47___ the content.
I have always ___48___the level of success of my presentations by the applause (掌声) and ___49___that I receive from the audience. After the applause ended I had the _____50_____ to personally speak to nearly all of the delegates (代表). The last delegate I spoke with _____51_____ me by taking my hand, shaking it and saying how much she _____52_____ my presentation, and that she had got a lot of _____53_____ tips to use in her business. Usually I feel _____54_____ after any presentation, and I know it is directly related to how much energy I put into what I do. _____55_____, this time her praise gave me a great lift and recharged my batteries.
This _____56_____at the end of my presentation also made me realize that what we _____57_____ in life can come back to us and _____58_____, we all need to value the praise when and where it is deserved. As I drove away from the _____59_____ I reflected on how fortunate I had been to receive all those words of praise and _____60_____that morning.
41. A. curious B. fortunate C. doubtful D. amazed
42. A. copying B. conducting C. using D. designing
43. A. but B. though C. so D. because
44. A. impossible B. natural C. funny D. good
45. A. performing B. speaking C. educating D. learning
46. A. printing B. reducing C. researching D. telling
47. A. imagining B. protecting C. describing D. preparing
48. A. measured B. changed C. raised D. adjusted
49. A. gifts B. advice C. comments D. invitation
50. A. motivation B. responsibility C. plan D. chance
51. A. greeted B. blamed C. confused D. welcomed
52. A. explored B. enjoyed C. admired D. expected
53. A. interesting B. simple C. helpful D. free
54. A. excited B. relaxed C. embarrassed D. tired
55. A. However B. Moreover C. Otherwise D. Therefore
56. A. challenge B. discovery C. experience D. accident
57. A. figure out B. set up C. dream of D. give out
58. A. equally B. differently C. seriously D. practically
59. A. party B. conference C. school D. ceremony
60. A. achievement B. comfort C. trust D. encouragement
【答案】41. B 42. B 43. C 44. D 45. B 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. D 55. A 56. C 57. D 58. A 59. B 60. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者多年来一直从事演讲和培训方面的工作。一次演讲完毕后，一位与会代表的赞扬使得作者深受鼓舞，感悟颇多。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. curious好奇的；B. fortunate幸运的；C. doubtful怀疑的；D. amazed惊奇的。上文提到做演讲是非常有挑战性的一件事。该句提到作者自己多年以来一直进行演讲方面的工作。因此可以推知，作者为自己多年来一直从事这种有挑战性的行为而感到“幸运”。B选项正确。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. copying复制，抄写；B. conducting进行，实施；C. using使用；D. designing设计。根据前文的“do presentations”可以推知，作者多年来一直进行培训项目。B选项正确。
【43题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。A. but但是；B. though尽管；C. so因此；D. because因为。作者多年来一直进行演讲培训方面的工作，“所以”他已经习惯了在开口讲话之前内心出现的紧张感觉。故C选项正确。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. impossible不可能的；B. natural自然的；C. funny有趣的，好笑的；D. good好的。根据后文的“as it allows me to channel my energy into what I want to say”可知，紧张让我把我的精力引导到我想说的话上。由此推知，紧张对作者来说是一件“好事”。故D选项正确。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. performing表演，表现；B. speaking演说，发言，说；C. educating教育；D. learning学习。根据下文中的“my presentation”可知，作者最近在一次会议上进行演讲，谈论关于商业成功的关键因素。B选项正确。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. printing印刷；B. reducing减少；C. researching研究；D. telling告诉，讲述。作者在演讲之前要“研究”自己想要演讲的内容。C选项正确。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. imagining想象；B. protecting保护；C. describing描述；D. preparing准备。在演讲之前，作者要准备自己演讲的内容。D选项正确。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. measured衡量，测量；B. changed改变；C. raised提高，举起；D. adjusted调整。作者一直根据观众的掌声来衡量自己演讲的成功程度。A选项正确。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. gifts礼物；B. advice建议；C. comments评论；D. invitation请柬。该空和前面的the applause并列，都指的是听众对作者演讲的反应。听众的反应包括掌声和评论。故C选项正确。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. motivation动力，动机；B. responsibility责任；C. plan计划；D. chance机会。掌声过后，作者有“机会”和几乎所有的代表进行交谈。D选项正确。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. greeted欢迎，迎接，致敬，问候；B. blamed责备；C. confused使困惑；D. welcomed欢迎。下文中的“taking my hand, shaking it and saying how much she ____ my presentation”都是最后一位代表向作者致敬的方式。故A选项正确。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. explored探索；B. enjoyed喜欢，享受；C. admired 赞美，钦佩；D. expected期望，预料。根据下文中的“she had got a lot of ___ tips to use in her business”可知，最后一位代表从作者的演讲中受益颇多，因此她告诉作者非常“喜欢”作者的演讲。B选项正确。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. interesting有趣的；B. simple简单的；C. helpful有帮助的，有用的；D. free自由的。结合上一句可知，她非常喜欢作者的演讲。由此推之，她从作者的演讲中获得了很多有用的建议。C选项正确。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. excited兴奋的；B. relaxed放松的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. tired疲惫的。根据下文中“this time her praise gave me a great lift and recharged my batteries”可知，这一次演讲完毕之后，最后一位代表的表扬让作者精神振奋。由此推知，通常作者演讲完毕之后都会感到非常疲惫。因为演讲耗费了大量精力。D选项正确。
【55题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. However但是；B. Moreover此外，另外；C. Otherwise否则；D. Therefore因此。通常作者演讲完毕之后都会感到非常疲惫。这一次作者感到精神振奋。由此可知，前后文之间是转折关系。故A选项正确。
【56题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. challenge挑战；B. discovery发现；C. experience经历，经验；D. accident意外事故。这次经历（上文提到的内容）使得作者意识到生活中，我们付出的东西会回归到我们身上。C选项正确。
【57题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. figure out弄明白，弄清楚；B. set up建立；C. dream of 梦想；D. give out分发。根据下文中的“come back to …”可知，该空和come back相对，故D选项“分发”正确，表示我们在生活中付出的一切都会回归到我们手里。
【58题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. equally同样地，相等地；B. differently不同地；C. seriously严肃地，认真地；D. practically实际地，实践地。我们在生活中付出的一切都会回到我们手里。同样地，我们需要在应当得到赞扬的时候和地方珍惜应得的赞扬。A选项正确。
【59题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. party聚会；B. conference会议；C. school学校；D. ceremony典礼。根据第二段中的“at a conference”可知，作者在一次会议上作演讲。故B选项正确。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. achievement成就；B. comfort安慰；C. trust信任；D. encouragement鼓励。根据倒数第二段中的“this time her praise gave me a great lift and recharged my batteries”可知，最后一位代表给了作者极大的表扬，她的表扬使作者精神振奋，大受鼓励。故D选项正确。
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you only got six hours’ shut eye last night, there is no need ___61___(lose) sleep over it.
Scientists say that though it is___62___(wide) believed that we need eight hours of sleep a night, six to seven hours is the natural amount.
Advising short-sleepers to rest easy, the US researchers say, ____63____(have) important implications(暗示,含义) for the idea that we need to take sleeping pills because sleep has been reduced from___64___(it) natural level by the widespread use of electricity, TV, the Internet and so on.
The lead author of a study, Ghandi, said: “There’s the ___65___(expect) that we should all be sleeping for eight or nine hours a night, and if we took away modern technology, we would be sleeping more. But now, for the first time, we are showing that’s not___66___ truth.”
Most of those ___67___were studied slept for less than seven hours a night, with the average amount just six hours and 25 minutes. This is much less than the eight hours often____68____(recommend) in western societies.
Despite this, the people studied were in good health, ___69___ lower rates of obesity(肥胖症), better blood pressure and _____70_____(healthy) hearts than people in industrialised societies. They were also fitter.
【答案】61. to lose
62. widely 63. has
64. its 65. expectation
66. the 67. who
68. recommended
69. with 70. healthier
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。研究表明：和八小时的睡眠相比，一个晚上六到七个小时的睡眠更好。
【61题详解】
考查固定句式。There is no need to do sth.是固定句式，意为“没有必要做某事”，故填to lose。
【62题详解】
考查副词。该空修饰动词believe，需用副词，故填widely。
【63题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：建议睡眠不足的人放松休息对我们需要服用安眠药的想法有重要意义。根据下文可知，该句应用一般现在时态。且主语为动名词，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式，故谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式，故填has。
【64题详解】
考查代词。句意：由于电力、电视、互联网等的广泛使用，睡眠已从其自然水平上减少了。 该空修饰后面的名词level，应该用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：人们期望我们每晚睡八到九个小时，如果我们将现代科技拿开，我们就会睡得更多。该题考查There be+n.结构，该空作表语，因此应该填名词。且根据“There be+n.”结构中，be动词和n.保持形式上的一致”原则，该空应该填单数名词expectation。
【66题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我们第一次证明这不是事实。truth经常和定冠词the连用，故该空填the。
【67题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：大多数接受研究的人每晚睡眠时间不到7个小时，平均睡眠时间只有6小时25分钟。___7___were studied是定语从句，修饰those，指人，引导词在从句中作主语，当先行词为those时，引导词只能用who。故填who。
【68题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这比西方社会经常推荐的8小时要少得多。该空作定语，修饰the eight hours，the eight hours和recommend之间是被动关系，需用过去分词作定语，故填recommended。
【69题详解】
考查介词。句意：尽管如此，与工业化社会的人相比，研究人员身体健康，肥胖率更低，血压水平更好，心脏更健康。该空后面是三个名词，且该空表示伴随情况，故该空填介词with。
【70题详解】
考查比较级。句意：尽管如此，与工业化社会的人相比，研究人员身体健康，肥胖率更低，血压水平更好，心脏更健康。该空修饰名词hearts，应用形容词。且根据前文的lower，better可知，该空应该填healthy的比较级，故填healthier。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My mom and dad are great cooks, but I always enjoy staying at home and having delicious food. I remembered when I was about six, all the kids in my neighborhood wanted hamburgers and chips, but some didn’t have money to buy it. So my father tried to make some on the weekend and asked them eat at my home for the free. The kids were very happier. It helped me make lots of friend. Now I often cooking for my parents, and they like my dishes, either. It’s really relaxing to sit around a table for my parents, eating and talking together.
【答案】1. but →so/and
2. remembered →remember
3. it →them
4. eat前加to
5. free前the 删除
6. happier →happy
7. friend → friends
8. cooking →cook
9. either → too
10. for →with
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者的父母是很棒的厨师。作者小时候父亲曾免费给社区的小孩们做汉堡和薯条。现在作者长大了，经常给父母做饭。一家人在一起吃饭，其乐融融。
【详解】第一处：考查连词。句意：我父母都是很棒的厨师，所以我一直很喜欢待在家里，吃美味的食物。前后两句之间是因果或顺承关系，应用连词so/and。but表转折，故应将but改为so/and。
第二处：考查时态。下文作者回忆的是六岁时的事情。那么，该处的remember表示的是“现在记得”，故应将remembered改为remember。
第三处：考查代词。句意：我所在社区所有的孩子都想要汉堡包和薯条，但有些人没有钱去买。buy后面的宾语应该指上文中的hamburgers and chips，代指复数名词，且作宾语，应该用代词them。故将it改为them。
第四处：考查固定句式。表示“要求某人做某事”，应该用ask sb. to do sth.结构，故应在them和eat之间加上to。
第五处：考查冠词。表示“免费地”，应用for free，故the多余，应去掉。
第六处：考查形容词。句意：孩子们非常开心。very修饰形容词原级，故应该将happier改为happy。
第七处：考查名词。friend是可数名词，lots of修饰可数名词复数，故将friend改为friends。
第八处：考查谓语动词。句意：现在，我经常为父母做饭。often常和一般现在时态连用，因此该句应用一般现在时态。其中，cook作谓语，cooking是现在分词，不能作谓语，故将cooking改为cook。
第九处：考查副词。句意：他们也喜欢我做的饭。表示“也”，either常用于否定句。用于肯定句，应用too。故将either改为too。
第十处：考查介词。句意：和我的父母坐在一起吃饭聊天真的很放松。表示“和……一起”，应用介词with。故将for改为with。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
书面表达(满分25分)
72.假如你是李华,你的美国网友Peter参加中国象棋网络挑战赛获得了一等奖。请根据以下提示写一封英文电子邮件向他表示祝贺。
1.祝贺他获奖；
2.肯定他付出的努力；
3.询问何时方便，在网上切磋棋艺。
注意:
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已为你写好。
参考词汇:中国象棋网络挑战赛the Chinese Chess Network Challenge
Dear Peter,
I am writing to offer my sincere congratulations
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Congratulations again!
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I am writing to offer my sincere congratulations to you on your winning the first prize in the Chinese Chess Network Challenge. As your friend I just want you to know how happy I am at your success.
“Everything comes to him who waits.” For these years, you’ve shown great interest in Chinese chess and kept on practicing it every day. Not only have you read many books about Chinese chess strategy, but also you have competed in all kinds of Chinese chess contests. Finally, you succeeded in winning the online competition!
So I’m so delighted that you become champion of this network challenge. At last, I hope to play Chinese chess with you so that we can make progress together. Please tell me when you have time.
Congratulations again!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本文为应用文。你的美国网友Peter参加中国象棋网络挑战赛获得了一等奖。请根据以下提示写一封英文电子邮件向他表示祝贺。首先祝贺他获奖；还要肯定他付出的努力；最后询问何时方便，在网上切磋棋艺。
【详解】本文属于提纲类作文。提纲是文章的总体框架，要在提纲的范围内进行分析、构思和想象．要依据提示情景或词语，按照一定逻辑关系来写。第一部分叙述写信的理由，即向对方表示衷心的祝贺，祝贺获得中国国际象棋网络挑战赛一等奖。第二部分要肯定对方所付出的努力。这一部分要增加细节，进行合理的想象，如每天练习（practise it every day ），阅读有关的文章(read many books about Chinese chess strategy)，参战与观战(compete/watch in all kinds of Chinese chess contest)等。第三部分询问何时方便，在网上切磋棋艺，并再次表示祝贺。本文写作时可以按照要点所给的顺序写，根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态。还要注意使用高级词汇和句式，以增加文章的亮点．
【点睛】本文结构紧凑，层次分明。文中使用了多种表达：the first prize（一等奖）；keep on（ 一直做某事）；Not only，but also（不但而且）；make progress (取得进步)；succeed in doing(成功做成某事)等。文中的句式较为灵活多变。既有as引导的定语从句As your friend，I just want you to know how glad I am at your success； 由not onlybut also引导的并列句Not only have you read many books about Chinese chess strategy，but also you have competed in all kinds of Chinese chess contest；名词性从句I'm so happy that you become champion of this network challenge． 由so that引导的状语从句At last，I hope to play Chinese chess with you so that we can make progress together。这都极好地体现了对英语的驾驶水平。
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