2019届北京市朝阳区高三第二次（5月）综合练习（二模）英语试卷（解析版）

北京市朝阳区高三年级第二次综合练习
英语试题
本试卷共10页，共120分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
My trip to Paris was so memorable. First of all, the hotel was fantastic. It overlooked the Seine, the famous river I ___1___ (read) about in so many poems. We listened to the laughter of the children and watched the river run by ___2___ (slow) below. Next, Montmartre was a wonderful place for painters. The air was filled with the sounds of happy people and the smell of paint. ___3___ I enjoyed most were the cafes. There I had a cup of coffee and watched people on the street. Everyone had a sense of style.
【答案】1. had read
2. slowly 3. What
【解析】
本文属于记叙文，描述作者游览巴黎的经历。
【1题详解】
考查过去完成时。句意：这个宾馆俯瞰塞纳河，这条河流我在很多诗里读到过。分析句子可知，I ___1___ (read) about in so many poems 作定语从句修饰river，从句缺乏谓语，read动作发生在overlook之前，因此发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时had read。
【2题详解】
考查副词。修饰动词run by用副词slowly。
【3题详解】
考查主语从句。I enjoyed most为主语从句，从句缺乏enjoy的宾语，故用引导词What。

B
Football is a popular sport with fans all over the world. There is, however, an indoor version of the game ___4___ (know) as “table football”. It was invented in 1921 and people ___5___ (get) great pleasure from it since then. The game is played on a special table. Players control their “team” by turning sticks, to which the “players” are attached. As in real football, ___6___ (point) will be awarded when putting the ball in the other players’ goal. Table football requires using hands and eyes together excellently, which is really exciting.
【答案】4. known
5. have got
6. points
【解析】
本文属于说明文，介绍桌上足球的历史和玩法。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，know作后置定语修饰game，与其属于动宾关系，故用过去分词known。be known as 作为……而出名
【5题详解】
考查现在完成时。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，句子有since then修饰，故用现在完成时have got。
【6题详解】
考查名词。句意：跟真实的足球一样，当把球放进对方的球门的时候就会得分。分析句子可知，本句缺乏主语，point为可数名词，由于无冠词，故用复数形式points。

C
Shark attacks can be deadly, but they are not common. Each year, sharks usually kill fewer than 10 people worldwide, and about 100 people ___7___ (injure). You are more likely to be attacked in parts of the sea ___8___ tourists throw in food to bring in sharks. However, people are dangerous to sharks, too. 60 million sharks are killed ___9___ food and medicine every year. As a result, some kinds of sharks may die out completely. ___10___ (protect) these wonderful animals, some countries have made programs to help them survive.
【答案】7. are injured
8. where 9. for
10. To protect
【解析】
本文属于说明文，介绍鲨鱼一般不伤人，与鲨鱼对人类的伤害相比，人类对鲨鱼的伤害更大。
【7题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，injure与主语people为动宾关系，陈述一般事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态are injured。
【8题详解】
考查定语从句。tourists throw in food to bring in sharks为定语从句修饰先行词sea，从句缺乏地点状语，故用关系副词where。
【9题详解】
考查介词句意：每年约有6000万只鲨鱼被杀用作食物和医药。分析句子可知，for表示用途，故用for。
【10题详解】
考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，these wonderful animals,作目的状语，为了保护这些动物，故用不定式To protect。

第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The sandwich man
Michael rises every morning at 4:00, in good and bad weather, and walks into his sandwich shop. By 5:50, he’s making the rounds of the shelters on Centre Streets. He ___11___ out 200 sandwiches to the homeless, before beginning his workday.
It started 20 years ago when Michael came across a homeless man named John. He began to help him ___12___ effort then. Day after day, he brought John some food and, when it was really ___13___, a resting place in his car while he worked. Once he asked John if he wanted to get cleaned up. It was a(n) ___14___ offer, because Michael thought John would refuse. ___15___, John said, “Are you going to wash me?” Michael knew that he was looking at a ___16___ of his promise. It was at the moment that Michael ___17___ to help the homeless.
Michael began his work. He received no sponsorship, saying, “I’m not getting media ___18___. I just want to do some good in my way. There are days when it’s snowing, and I have a hard time leaving my warm bed and the ___19___ of my family to go downtown with sandwiches. But I’ve ___20___.”
Michael makes 200 sandwiches every day for the past 20 years. “I don’t simply ___21___ the sandwiches on a table for the homeless to pick up. I shake their hands and ___22___ them a good day” says Michael. Once Mayor (市长) Koch came to make the rounds with him. They ___23___ the media, and it seemed like it was just the two of them. But of all Michael’s ___24___, working side by side with the Mayor was not as important as working next to someone else…
A man had ___25___ from the sandwich takers, and Michael thought about him from time to time. He hoped the man had moved on to a more ___26___ environment. One day, the man came back, greeting Michael and ___27___ sandwiches of his own to hand out. He said Michael’s daily food, warm handshakes and wishes had given him the ___28___ he badly needed. After achieving some success, he decided to do the same thing as Michael.
The moment needed no ___29___. The two men worked silently, side by side, handing out their sandwiches. It was another day on Centre Streets, but a day with just a little more ___30___.
11. A. picks B. sets C. gives D. finds
12. A. with B. around C. from D. over
13. A. sunny B. warm C. cloudy D. cold
14. A. silly B. empty C. crazy D. free
15. A. Fortunately B. Disappointedly C. Surprisingly D. Thankfully
16. A. test B. gift C. trick D. view
17. A. demanded B. agreed C. pretended D. determined
18. A. benefit B. attention C. sympathy D. information
19. A. comfort B. wealth C. value D. honor
20. A. suffered B. hesitated C. managed D. wondered
21. A. check B. lay C. match D. cover
22. A. witness B. predict C. follow D. wish
23. A. ignored B. blamed C. confirmed D. handled
24. A. situations B. memories C. schedules D. professions
25. A. escaped B. volunteered C. disappeared D. survived
26. A. competitive B. complex C. familiar D. stable
27. A. carrying B. seeking C. occupying D. treating
28. A. responsibility B. permission C. encouragement D. achievement
29. A. purpose B. dialogue C. relief D. doubt
30. A. luck B. fun C. pride D. hope
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. C 21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D
【解析】
本文属于记叙文，讲述Michael几十年如一日用三明治帮助流浪汉，其帮助的力量在增大，让人更有希望。
【11题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在上班之前，他向无家可归的人分发了200份三明治。A. picks拾起；B. sets设置；C. gives给；D. finds找。本句为短语give out分发，根据前文he’s making the rounds of the shelters on Centre Streets可知，在流浪汉集中的地方走了几圈，故可知，他在做慈善，故选C。
【12题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：那时他就开始努力帮助他。A. with用；B. around在……周围；C. from从；D. over在上面。根据文章可知，努力帮助流浪汉，故用with effort努力的，故选A。
【13题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：日复一日，他给约翰食物，天冷的时候，让他在车里休息。A. sunny阳光明媚的；B. warm温暖的；C. cloudy多云的；D. cold寒冷的。根据本句的a resting place in his car可知，在车里休息避寒，故选D。
【14题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个无诚意的提议，因为他认为约翰会拒绝。A. silly愚蠢的；B. empty空洞的；C. crazy疯狂的；D. free免费的。根据because Michael thought John would refuse.可知，知道会拒绝而问，因此显得很空洞，没有诚意，故选B。
【15题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：让人惊讶的是，约翰问道，你要给我洗澡吗？A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Disappointedly失望地；C. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；D. Thankfully感激地。根据文章可知，约翰回答超出作者的预想，故选C。
【16题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Michael 知道这是对他诺言的一种考验。A. test测试；B. gift礼物；C. trick把戏；D. view观点。根据后文可知，从那时起，决定帮助流浪汉，兑现自己的诺言，故选A。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就是从那时起，Michael 决心帮助流浪汉。A. demanded要求；B. agreed同意；C. pretended假装；D. determined下定决心做。根据后文可知，Michael一直在帮助流浪汉，故选D。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不想得到媒体的关注。A. benefit利益；B. attention注意；C. sympathy同情；D. information信息。根据后文I just want to do some good in my way.可知，Michael按照自己的方式帮助流浪汉，不想得到媒体关注，故选B。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：下雪的时候，很艰难离开温暖的床和家，带着三明治去市区，但是我做到了。A. comfort舒适；B. wealth财富；C. value价值；D. honor荣耀。根据文章可知，离开舒适的家，故选A。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：下雪的时候，很艰难离开温暖的床和家，带着三明治去市区，但是我做到了。A. suffered遭受；B. hesitated犹豫；C. managed做成；D. wondered想知道。根据文章可知，Michael成功帮助了流浪汉，故选C。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不会把三明治放在桌上让流浪汉去取。A. check检查；B. lay放置；C. match匹配；D. cover覆盖。根据后文I shake their hands可知，Michael会把三明治亲自送到流浪汉手中，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和他们握手，祝他们有快乐的一天。A. witness目睹；B. predict预测；C. follow跟随；D. wish祝愿。根据文章可知，祝他们天天开心，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们忽略了媒体，就好像只有他们两人一样。A. ignored忽视；B. blamed责备；C. confirmed确认；D. handled处理。根据后文it seemed like it was just the two of them可知，没有考虑媒体，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是在他的记忆中，与市长一起帮助流浪汉与别人没有什么不同。A. situations情形；B. memories记忆；C. schedules日程；D. professions专业。根据文章可知，之前市长曾与Michael一起帮助流浪汉，故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个男的从领取三明治的队伍中消失了，让Michael时不时都在想他。A. escaped逃避；B. volunteered志愿；C. disappeared消失；D. survived幸存。根据后文One day, the man came back可知，之后，这个男的回来了，可知消失了一段时间，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他希望这个男的能够搬到一个稳定的环境中去。A. competitive有竞争的；B. complex复杂的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. stable稳定的。根据前文可知，这个男的是流浪汉，因此希望能够生活稳定一点，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，这个男的回来了，跟Michael打招呼，带了自己做的三明治分发给别人。A. carrying携带；B. seeking寻找；C. occupying占领；D. treating招待。根据文章可知，这个男的自己做了三明治，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说Michael 每天的三明治，温暖的握手以及祝福都给了他急需的鼓励。A. responsibility责任；B. permission允许；C. encouragement鼓励；D. achievement成就。根据文章可知，Michael做的事情鼓励了这个男的，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：此时此刻无需对话。A. purpose目的；B. dialogue对话；C. relief缓解；D. doubt怀疑。根据后文The two men worked silently可知，无需言语，默默帮助流浪汉，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是Centre Streets 街上的又一天，但是是更有希望的一天。A. luck运气；B. fun乐趣；C. pride 自豪；D. hope希望。根据前文可知，这个男的与Maichael一道帮助别人，力量增大了，更有希望，故选D。

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A


31. What is the advantage of Fineways’ new food labels?
A. They provide extra nutritional information.
B. They warn customers about unhealthy foods.
C. They show different customers’ nutritional needs.
D. They remind customers of the harm of unbalanced nutrition.
32. According to the passage, the new labelling system can help to ______.
A. reduce the amount of food you take
B. follow GDAs by mixing various foods
C. make your choice of more delicious food
D. satisfy the growing demands for nutrition
33. Where is the passage most probably taken from?
A. A dinner menu.
B. A research report.
C. A fashion magazine.
D. An advice brochure.
【答案】31. A 32. B 33. D
【解析】
本文属于应用文，介绍Fineway公司推出的新的食物标签，方便顾客了解食物的含量以及热量，以及每日摄入量的百分比。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段可知，该标签方式可以让顾客看到食物中糖、脂肪以及盐的含量，以及热量，还有每日摄入量的百分比，故可知，该标签提供了额外的信息，故选A。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Knowing the information about each product you buy means that you can mix healthy foods with less healthy treats, while still keeping within the recommended daily amounts.可知，知道每个产品的信息，就可以把健康食物搭配不那么健康的食物，同时保持不超过规定摄入的含量和热量，故可知，该标签可以满足人们新的需求，故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。本文介绍Fineway公司推出的新的食物标签，方便顾客了解食物的含量以及热量，以及每日摄入量的百分比，故可知是对新的标签进行广告宣传，故选D。

B
Open water swimming
I had only swum in open water a few times, and always in gentle lakes, so I wasn’t prepared for how rough Lake Windermere appeared on a cold day. A swimmer told me the water felt colder than it had been measured, and that the water was a bit rough. But I, along with 10,000 others, was about to complete the challenge.
Most of the people taking part were doing a one-mile race, and 10 races were planned over the weekend. There seemed to be a mix of open-water enthusiasts alongside complete beginners—which is precisely the aim of the swims, to get as many people as possible completing their own challenge. The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part in the two-mile race, alongside a man who last year had swum in every one-mile race.
I had chosen the third one-mile race of the day. There were over 600 people in my race. We were taken through an acclimatization area a children’s paddling pool-sized part of the lake where we moved in to feel how cold the water was. “Not too bad” was everyone’s thought! Then we headed out towards the middle of the lake.
We’d been warned that the first 100 metres would be really rough. However, somewhere near the 750m mark I was still waiting for the calm; it felt more like swimming in the sea than a lake. I tried to focus on my breathing and technique, and just keep going. As I approached the 400m-to-go mark my lower right leg became painful. I recalled overhearing people talking about how they kept swimming through the pain, so I tried. But it didn’t work. I began to feel the entire leg tight and painful. I didn’t want to stop, so I bent my right knee and just kicked with the left leg.
Finally I saw the finishing post, and I just concentrated on getting there—still one-legged. My finishing time was 38 minutes 25 seconds but that didn’t matter—the atmosphere was fantastic and everyone felt a sense of achievement, whatever their time. I’m hooked, and want to give it another go. I’ve already signed up for my next open-water swim.
34. How did the author feel before the race?
A. Scared of the most challenging race.
B. Disappointed by the difficult conditions.
C. Concerned about the other swimmers in the race.
D. Determined to be as tough as the people around her.
35. Why does the author mention the two people in Paragraph 2?
A. To stress the importance of the race.
B. To praise the experienced swimmers.
C. To show the wide range of the participants.
D. To introduce the various events of the race.
36. The author suggests in Paragraph 4 that ______.
A. the race would cause breathing problems
B. the race became harder than she had expected
C. it was really necessary to prepare for tough swims
D. it would have been easier if she had taken others’ advice
37. What does the author talk about in the last paragraph?
A. Her confidence in her own ability.
B. Her pride in having swum so quickly.
C. Her eagerness to repeat the experience.
D. Her surprise at having managed to finish.
【答案】34. D 35. C 36. B 37. C
【解析】
本文属于记叙文，描述作者参加一英里的天然水域游泳的经历，最终成功到达终点线。
【34题详解】
推理判断题根据第一段But I, along with 10,000 others, was about to complete the challenge.可知，我马上和其他10000名游泳者完成这项挑战，故可知，他们很坚定要完成这项运动，故选D。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段There seemed to be a mix of open-water enthusiasts alongside complete beginners—which is precisely the aim of the swims, to get as many people as possible completing their own challenge. The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part in the two-mile race, alongside a man who last year had swum in every one-mile race.可知，参赛者包括天然水域游泳的爱好者，也包括初学者，也有很多人完成自己的挑战，这里面就有77岁参加2英里游泳的老人，也有去年参加一英里的男子，故可知，该比赛参与者范围很广，故选C。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段I recalled overhearing people talking about how they kept swimming through the pain, so I tried. But it didn’t work. I began to feel the entire leg tight and painful.可知，我想起了那些人提及的克服水中抽筋的技巧，但是没有作用，我感觉整条腿开始紧张疼痛，故可知，这次比赛比她想象的要艰难，故选B。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段I’m hooked, and want to give it another go. I’ve already signed up for my next open-water swim.可知，我被吸引住了，想要再尝试一次，准备好为下一次游泳比赛报名，故可知，作者为完成比赛而感到兴奋，也喜欢上了这项运动，故选C。

C
The Alexander technique
Until earlier this year, I didn’t know anything about the Alexander technique—and saw no reason to think I should. One day, the backache I regularly suffered was more painful. I was brought up to think that the preferred way of dealing with aches is to do nothing and hope they’ll go away, but I eventually went to the doctor. After examining me, he said, “You actually have bad posture (姿势). Go off and learn the Alexander technique.” Three months later I could walk straighter and sit better.
The Alexander technique is a way of learning how you can get rid of harmful tension in your body. The teaching focuses on the neck, head and back. It trains you to use your body less severely and carry out the movements that we do all the time with less effort. There is little effort in the lessons themselves, which sets apart the Alexander technique from yoga or pilates, which are exercise-based. A typical lesson involves standing in front of a chair and learning to sit and stand with minimum effort. You spend some time lying on a bench with your knees bent to straighten the spine (脊椎) and relax your body while the teacher moves your arms and legs to train you to move them correctly.
The technique helps to break the bad habits accumulated over years. Try folding your arms the opposite way to normal. This is an example of a habit the body has formed which can be hard to break. Many of us carry our heads too far back. The head weighs four to six kilos, so any inappropriate posture can cause problems for the body. The technique teaches you to let go of the muscles holding the head back, allowing it to go back to its natural place on the top of our spines.
So who was Alexander and how did he come up with the technique? Frederick Alexander, an Australian actor born in 1869, found in his youth that he had vocal (声音的) problems during performances. He analyzed himself and realized his posture was bad. He worked on improving it, with excellent results. He brought his technique to London and opened a teacher-training school, which is still successful today.
So if you’re walking along the road one day with shoulders bent forward, feeling weighed down by your troubles, give a thought to the Alexander technique. It will help you walk tall again.
38. What does the author suggest in Paragraph 1?
A. She felt no better after the treatment.
B. She got bored with the Alexander technique.
C. She was sceptical about the doctor’s method.
D. She was unwilling to seek treatment for her backache.
39. What is the principle of the Alexander technique?
A. Physical tension shouldn’t be completely relieved.
B. The technique shouldn’t be combined with other exercises.
C. The practice of the technique shouldn’t be attempted alone.
D. Familiar physical actions shouldn’t be done with much effort.
40. What can we learn about Frederick Alexander?
A. He managed to recover his vocal powers.
B. He was eager to make a name for himself.
C. He developed a form of exercise for actors.
D. He had to leave home to develop his technique.
41. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The occurrence of back pain is widespread.
B. Alexander improved the technique to treat body pain.
C. The Alexander technique helps overcome posture problems.
D. People with back pain are victims of inappropriate postures.
【答案】38. D 39. D 40. A 41. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于说明文，介绍亚历山大技巧的对于矫正身体的作用以及其发明者。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段I was brought up to think that the preferred way of dealing with aches is to do nothing and hope they’ll go away, but I eventually went to the doctor.可知，作者从小就被灌输这样的思维，处理疼痛的更好办法就是不做任何事情，希望疼痛自行消失，但是却最终不得不去看医生，故可知，作者看医生都是迫不得已，故选D。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段It trains you to use your body less severely and carry out the movements that we do all the time with less effort.可知，亚历山大技巧让你更合理使用身体，用最小的努力来做那些习惯性的动作，故可知，该技巧的原则就是用最小的力来做习惯性的动作，故选D。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Frederick Alexander, an Australian actor born in 1869, found in his youth that he had vocal (声音的) problems during performances. He analyzed himself and realized his posture was bad. He worked on improving it, with excellent results.可知，弗雷德里克·亚历山大，一个出身于186年的澳大利亚演员，在年轻的时候声音出了问题。他做了分析，意识到自己的姿势不正确，因此致力于改善姿势，结果很好，故可知，他通过矫正姿势，解决了自己的声音问题，故选A。
【41题详解】
主旨大意题。本文介绍亚历山大技巧的对于矫正身体的作用以及其发明者，故可知在介绍亚历山大技巧的作用，故选C。
【点睛】主旨大意题的做题技巧。
1) 主旨大意题属于归纳概括题。如有标题，标题中蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。
2) 找准文章的主题句是关键。“主题句定位法”是一种行之有效的方法。在答题时，我们可以：读首句抓大意；读尾句抓大意；读首尾段抓大意。
3.) 无明显主题句时高频信息词，任一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。
比如小题4，本文介绍亚历山大技巧的对于矫正身体的作用以及其发明者，故可知在介绍亚历山大技巧的作用，故选C。

D
Don’t put it off, do it now!
Why do we spend so much time not doing the work we should do, or putting off small jobs that have piled up to create a big problem? Procrastinating, as putting things off like this is called, is in our character we have naturally since birth; we avoid dull or difficult jobs until it’s too late to do anything else.
“We often put things off although we know it will make life more stressful,” says Dr. Steel, an authority on the science of motivation. “If these tasks were fun, we’d just do them now. We put off what is difficult or unpleasant, such as the paperwork that needs doing before leaving the office or cleaning the bits of your home that people can’t see. But the fact is, the less people procrastinate, the more money they have, the better relationships they have, and the healthier they are.” This is obvious when you look at the couples who don’t argue about whether anyone has cleaned the kitchen, and the people who simply go for a run instead of endlessly rescheduling it in their heads.
Of course, there are the rest of us, who feel the small jobs piling up around us daily. “We’ve evolved to respond to the moment, and not to set our sights too far in an uncertain world,” Dr. Steel adds. “We are not set up to appreciate long-term rewards, whether it’s the benefit of a four-year degree, doing exercise or dieting. We usually feel the cost now and the reward comes much later.” According to Dr. Steel, we have two decision-making systems. They are the limbic, which is responsible for the short term, and the prefrontal cortex, which deals with the future. We bounce between long-term goals and short-term temptations, so we need goals that will translate our plans for the limbic system.
Let’s take the example of students’ writing essays. They should set themselves targets and word counts per day. These are thus turned from seemingly endless tasks into something concrete with measured progress. Dr. Steel recommends such techniques, or “pre-commitments”, adding that leaving you a month before the “deadline” makes it more likely a task will be completed. The benefit is that you’ll avoid the embarrassment of not following up on something people are expecting you to do—telling everyone you are going to take up jogging makes you more likely to do so.
Overcoming procrastination finally comes down to planning, which, if you’re not careful, becomes procrastination in itself. But it is worth making sure you have everything in place. “Successful people don’t pretend they don’t procrastinate,” Dr. Steel says. “People who pretend they have willpower are less successful.” Instead, plan for procrastination: make your work environment a temple of productivity by cutting out what stops you paying your attention, so you can really focus on moving forward.
42. What does the author say about procrastination in Paragraph 1?
A. It is something many people can’t help.
B. It is an excuse people often use in public.
C. It is caused by the technology in people’s life.
D. It is more common when people have small jobs to do.
43. In paragraph 3, Dr. Steel believes that people who procrastinate should ______.
A. attempt to overcome their natural tendencies
B. take the advice of others in the same situation
C. be aware that their problem is relatively small
D. find out more about the way they make decisions
44. Why does Dr. Steel recommend making “pre-commitments” in Paragraph 4?
A. They are an alternative to impossible goals.
B. They make challenges feel more manageable.
C. They are an effective way of impressing others
D. They allow people to achieve their aims sooner.
45. What does the author do by saying the underlined sentence?
A. Encourage the reader to develop plans effectively.
B. Advise the reader to deal with complex tasks quickly.
C. Warn the reader against spending too long getting organized.
D. Remind the reader to take the time to focus properly on a task.
【答案】42. A 43. A 44. B 45. C
【解析】
本文属于议论文，主要介绍拖延症的影响以及处理拖延症需要注意的事项。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Procrastinating, as putting things off like this is called, is in our character we have naturally since birth; we avoid dull or difficult jobs until it’s too late to do anything else.可知，拖延症是我们出生就在我们的性格里面的东西，我们逃避一些枯燥或者困难的事情直到太晚而什么都做不了，故可知，拖延症是很多人无法摆脱的，因为天生就有，故选A.
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“We’ve evolved to respond to the moment, and not to set our sights too far in an uncertain world,” Dr. Steel adds.可知，我们进化为对当下的东西做出反应，而对未来的没有前瞻性，故可知，要克服拖延症，还必须要克服天性，故选A。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段These are thus turned from seemingly endless tasks into something concrete with measured progress. Dr. Steel recommends such techniques, or “pre-commitments”, adding that leaving you a month before the “deadline” makes it more likely a task will be completed.可知，pre-commitments就是把一些似乎无尽的任务转换成一些可以量化进步的具体事务，在截止日期前给自己一个月的时间让任务完成得可能性更高，故可知，pre-commitments会让自己的要做的事情更可控，故选B。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。本句意思为，最终解决拖延症落实到了计划，但是如果不小心，计划本身就会成为拖延症的一种表现，故可知，要计划，计划之后要立即落实，故作者说这句话的意义在于警告计划不能太拖延，故选C。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Films and computer games
In just a few decades the gaming industry has become much bigger than the film business. What is called “interactive entertainment” makes more money than Hollywood cinema. Is there any way of making films more appealing to people who like to play computer games?
Making a film out of a best-selling computer game can guarantee a large audience. ___46___ Nowadays films are made with similar ones. They have attractive action scenes relying on fantasy effects as well. Gaming markets consist of science-fiction games, and film-makers have also set films in science-fiction worlds. ___47___ Any attempt to borrow more than the setting from a game is certain to fail.
Why do gamers feel disappointed by films based on their favorite games? One of the reasons is technical. Now everything can be computer-produced. ___48___ However, filming a scene from 20 different cameras would cost a fortune, so it simply isn’t done in the film version—leaving the gamers feeling that the film didn’t look as real as the computer game.
___49___ In a film the director doesn’t show you some things to keep you have the feeling of excitement or anxiety. For example, you wouldn’t be interested in watching the film if you knew the identity of the murderer. But this is not true for computer games. When you play a game, you have to do certain tasks to continue to the new level. ___50___ You are always in control as a player, while in the cinema you never control the action. You just sit and watch.
There can be some interaction between films and computer games on different levels. For all the similarities between technologies and special effects, we shouldn’t forget that a story and a game are fundamentally different.
A. Cameras matter in another sense, too.
B. The success of a game usually lies in the use of special effects.
C. You can’t influence what happens at all in the computer games.
D. Computer games may show the action from a number of views easily.
E. The game has a good chance of being as successful as the film on which it is based.
F. You must be able to have access to all the information in order to decide what to do next.
G. However, the difficulty for film producers appears to be knowing where and when to stop.
【答案】46. B 47. G
48. D 49. A
50. F
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于议论文，介绍游戏产业可能会取代电影产业以及背后的原因，同时还对电影和游戏进行了对比。
【46题详解】
根据后一句Nowadays films are made with similar ones. They have attractive action scenes relying on fantasy effects as well.可知，如今制作电影也使用了类似的特效，最终呈现吸人眼球的动作场景，B选项，一部游戏的成功通常在于特效的使用，根据后文的similar ones可知，电影和游戏使用类似的特效来保证动作场景的美观，切题，故选B。
【47题详解】
根据后一句Any attempt to borrow more than the setting from a game is certain to fail.可知，任何企图借鉴游戏的背景之外的东西注定是要失败的。G选项，但是，电影制作人的困难在于知道借鉴游戏到什么程度，借鉴哪些方面，与后文，如果全盘借鉴注定失败，意思一致，切题，故选G。
【48题详解】
根据后一句However, filming a scene from 20 different cameras would cost a fortune, so it simply isn’t done in the film version—leaving the gamers feeling that the film didn’t look as real as the computer game.可知，用20台摄像机拍摄一个场景会很花钱，通常在拍摄电影是无法做到的，因此会让游戏玩家感觉电影没有游戏场景逼真。D选项，游戏可以从不同的角度来展示一个场景，这是电影很难做到的，与后文的电影制作形成对比，切题，故选D。
【49题详解】
根据后一句In a film the director doesn’t show you some things to keep you have the feeling of excitement or anxiety.可知，在电影中，导演为了让你保持兴奋或者着急，不会让你看到所有的东西，这就在于摄像机的使用，A选项，摄像机从另一个层度来说也很重要，切题，故选A。
【50题详解】
根据后一句You are always in control as a player, while in the cinema you never control the action.可知，作为游戏玩家你一直处于控制的地位，而在电影院，你无法控制动作场景，F选项，你必须充分利用所有的信息来决定下一步做什么，这就让自己处于控制的地位，切题，故选F。
【点睛】七选五做题技巧。做题的时候边读边做。各个问题附近的句子都需要重点阅读，圈画一些线索，再从选项中寻找相关的特征词用来判断正确答案。带入排除法也是一种很好的方法。另外，如果发现有一题拿不准的，先跳过，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系应该基本就能清楚了。然后再回过去做之前不确定的题目。
比如小题2，根据后一句Any attempt to borrow more than the setting from a game is certain to fail.可知，任何企图借鉴游戏的背景之外的东西注定是要失败的。G选项，但是，电影制作人的困难在于知道借鉴游戏到什么程度，借鉴哪些方面，与后文，如果全盘借鉴注定失败，意思一致，切题，故选G。

第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）
第一节（15分）
51.假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。下个月学校将到所在社区开展“美化家园”和“社区讲堂”两次志愿者活动。你班交换生Jim打算参加其中的一项活动，发来邮件咨询。请你给Jim回复一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐一项活动；
2. 简述可做的事情；
3. 表达愿望。
注意：1. 词数不少于50；
2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Possible version 1:
Dear Jim,
I’m glad you’re interested in the voluntary activity next month. I suggest you take part in the activity of beautifying our community.
You can help to pick up garbage and clean up small advertisements together with our schoolmates, which will make the community cleaner and tidier. You can also help to grow plants and flowers to beautify the community environment. With our efforts the appearance of the community will be greatly improved and it’ll take on a new look.
Through the activity you’ll contribute to our community and I’m sure you’ll have a sense of belonging as a community member. I hope you’ll have a pleasant experience.
Yours,
Li Hua
Possible version 2:
Dear Jim,
I’m glad you’re interested in the voluntary activity next month. I advise you to be a volunteer of the community lecture room.
You can teach the community residents some daily spoken English and talk about the differences between western and Chinese cultures, which will develop their knowledge and broaden their horizons. You can also introduce some popular APPs, such as Booking, to make their life more convenient.
I’m sure you’ll be able to fully integrate into the community life through the activity and have a sense of belonging as a community member. I hope you’ll have a pleasant experience.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封书信。
【详解】第一步：根据提示可知，本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封书信，时态应为一般现在时。关键要点如下：①学校将到所在社区开展“美化家园”和“社区讲堂”两次志愿者活动；②推荐一项活动：“美化家园”或者“社区讲堂”；③简述可做的事情；④表达愿望。
第二步：根据关键要点，确定关键词，如：voluntary activity（志愿者活动），beautifying our community（美化社区），community lecture room（社区讲堂），clean up small advertisements（清理小广告），spoken English（英语口语）等。
第三步：根据提示及关键词进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题以及句子结构完整。
第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使之自然流畅，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面。
【点睛】两篇范文从不同的活动展开来写，结构清晰，内容完整，过渡衔接严谨自然，符合书信的要求，其中不乏亮点句型。
非限制性定语从句的使用You can help to pick up garbage and clean up small advertisements together with our schoolmates, which will make the community cleaner and tidier.以及You can teach the community residents some daily spoken English and talk about the differences between western and Chinese cultures, which will develop their knowledge and broaden their horizons.
宾语从句的使用I suggest you take part in the activity of beautifying our community.

第二节 （20分）
52.假设你是红星中学高三（1）班学生李华。为迎接建国70周年，上个月学校组织了“祖国在我心中”主题知识竞赛。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍你和同学们参加活动的完整过程，并以“A Significant Event”为题，给校刊“英语角”投稿。词数不少于60。

A Significant Event
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A Significant Event
Last month, our school organized a knowledge contest entitled “Motherland in My Heart”, which proved to be a significant event.
After the teacher announced the news, everyone was eager to participate. As we knew the victory required careful preparation, we spent the following days working on it. We surfed the Internet about the changes in different aspects, including economy, culture, technology, and so on. We also invited an expert to deliver a lecture on the development of our country during the past 70 years. Having learnt about these achievements, we felt so proud of our country and became more motivated for the contest. Finally came the big day. The competition was fierce because every team was well-prepared. My classmates and I went to great lengths and we answered every question confidently. After a few rounds, our team finally won the top prize. Holding the trophy and flowers, we cheered for our success with great joy.
We not only felt satisfied with our team effort, but also learned much more about the significant changes in China.
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于图画作文，主题为祖国在我心中的竞赛活动过程。
【详解】第一步，本文属于图画作文，主题为祖国在我心中的竞赛活动过程，时态为一般过去时。四幅图的具体内容为：①告知主题知识竞赛的信息；②多种方式积极准备；③比赛激烈；④获奖。
第二步：根据关键要点，确定关键词，如：knowledge contest（知识竞赛），significant event（重要事件），announce the news（通知消息），deliver a lecture（做演讲），the top prize（一等奖）等。
第三步：根据提示及关键词进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题以及句子结构完整。
第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使之自然流畅，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面。
【点睛】本文结构清晰，内容完整，过渡衔接严谨自然，符合图画作文的要求，其中不乏亮点句型。
非限制性定语从句的使用Last month, our school organized a knowledge contest entitled “Motherland in My Heart”, which proved to be a significant event.
非谓语动词的使用Having learnt about these achievements, we felt so proud of our country and became more motivated for the contest.