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天津市河西区2020届高三二模英语试题
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河西区2019-2020学年度第二学期高三英语模拟试卷（二）
英语试卷
第I卷（选择题，共95分）
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.— I’d like to take a holiday in August, Mr. Yang.
— We'll be busy then. You'll have to make it another time.
A. It's up to you.
B. It's out of the question.
C. It doesn't matter.
D. By all means.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。---我想八月份休假，杨先生。---那是不可能的，那时我们会很忙。你得另找时间。A. It's up to you由你决定；B. It's out of the question 不可能；C. It doesn't matter 没关系；D. By all means 当然可以。分析句子，在提出想去休假后，杨先生说8月份会很忙，最好另找时间。故可知8月份是不可能出去休假的。故选B项。
2.My computer start this morning. There must have been something wrong with it.
A. shouldn't B. wouldn't C. needn't D. mustn't
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我的电脑今早怎么也启动不了了。一定是出了什么问题。A. shouldn’t不应该；B. wouldn’t不会；C. needn't不需要；D. mustn’t禁止，不允许。分析句子，后句提到“一定有什么东西坏了，所以电脑启动不了”。根据情态动词wouldn't表示过去的习惯或反复性的动作。故选B。
3.The professor could tell by the look in Maria's eyes that she didn't understand a single word of his lecture.
A. cold B. empty C. innocent D. blank
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教授从玛丽亚茫然的眼神中可以看出，她一个字也听不懂他讲课的内容。A. cold 寒冷的，冷淡的；B. empty 空的；C. innocent 无辜的，无罪的；D. blank 没表情的，不理解的，茫然的。从句后面说Maria 对教授的课一个字都没听懂。故可判断她的眼神是茫然的。故选D项。
4.It is by no means clear the local government will do with the buildings of poor quality.
A. what B. how C. whether D. which
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：目前还不清楚当地政府将如何处理这些质量差的建筑。分析句子，在形式主语中，真正的主语部分缺“will do”的宾语。名词性从句，若从句部分缺主语。则引导词用“连接代词”。又因句意缺“什么”之意。故选A项。
5.Alice spent an afternoon helping her grandfather to the stamps which he had collected for years.
A. make out B. watch out C. sort out D. put out
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：爱丽丝花了一个下午帮助祖父整理他收集了多年的邮票。A. make out理解；辨认出；B. watch out小心；提防；C. sort out分类，整理；D. put out 扑灭。分析句子，这些邮票是她祖父多年收集的，所以Alice帮他整理出来。故选C项。
6.Delete the short message at once! Many a man ______ by such tricks up to now.
A. are cheated B. is cheated
C. have been cheated D. has been cheated
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查现在完成时态的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：立即删除短消息!到目前为止，许多人都被这种把戏欺骗了。句子中Many a man作主语，后面的谓语动词用单数形式，且和谓语动词cheat之间构成被动关系，再根据up to now，所以句子用现在完成时态的被动语态。故选D。
7.—There is a belief that the robots will take the place of human beings one day.
— After all, they don't have their own thinking.
A. Don't mention it.
B. It depends.
C. I don't think so.
D. I have no idea.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查情景交际。---人们相信有一天机器人将取代人类。---我不这么认为，毕竟他们没有自己的想法。A. Don't mention it 别客气；B. It depends 取决于；C. I don't think so我不这么认为；D. I have no idea我不知道。分析句子，后句讲到“毕竟他们没有自己的思维”。表示不同意上面的看法。故选C项。
8.The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, air conditioning unnecessary.
A. made
B. to make
C. being made
D. making
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：冷风从我们卧室的窗户吹进来，使得没有必要开空调了。前面的事情造成后面的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。不定式也可以作结果状语，但是那是预料不到的结果。本句描述的是一种顺理成章的结果。故选D。
9.Most passengers like sitting in the front of a bus to have a better view. What's more, they believe it's less likely that _______will happen.
A. car-accident B. car-sickness C. car-trouble D. car-crash
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：大多数乘客喜欢坐在公共汽车的前部，以便看得更清楚。更重要的是，他们认为这是不太可能发生晕车的。A. car-accident车祸；B. car-sickness 晕车；C. car-trouble 汽车故障；D. car-crash车祸；汽车碰撞。分析句子，从句前提到乘客喜欢坐汽车前部是为了看清楚。同时因为发生“晕车”可能性较小。故选B项。
10.Much disappointed as he is ____ in the job interview, he still keeps his confidence.
A. to have failed B. to fail C. having failed D. failing
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句式及不定式。句意：虽然他对于工作面试失败很失望，但他还是保持自信。本题是as的倒装句，还原后是Though he is much disappointed ______,这时可以看出是句型：sb/sth is +adj +to do这个句型，这里的不定式是主动表被动，而且如果不定式的动作在主句的动作之前发生，用不定式的完成时。本句中的面试失败发生在失望之前，表示动作已完成并对现在产生了影响，此时要动词不定式的完成时，故选A。
11.—What do you think of the jacket and the hat I wear today?
—I don’t think this jacket ________ you and that your hat ________ this jacket perfectly.
A. suits; fits B. meets; fits C. matches; suits D. fits; matches
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：——你认为我今天穿得夹克衫和戴得帽子怎么样？——我认为这件夹克衫不适合你，你的帽子与你的夹克衫不匹配。meet指满足。fit 指大小、形状的合适，引申为吻合、协调。suit 指合乎需要、口味、条件、地位，以及花色、款式等与某人的皮肤、气质、身材或身份相称。match 多指大小、色调、形状、性质等的搭配。夹克衫是大小、形状是否适应某人，帽子和夹克衫是搭配，故选D。
12.5G has faster data transmission, lower delay and stronger mobility the conventional 4G.
A. in charge of
B. in defense of
C. in contrast to
D. in proportion to
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查固定词组辨析。句意：与传统的4G相比，5G有更快的数据传输、更低的延迟和更强的移动性。A. in charge of 负责，主管；B. in defense of 为……辩护；C. in contrast to与……形成对照；D. in proportion to与……成比例。此处指“4G数据与5G数据对比”，故选C。
13.Although he did not do it___________, he definitely had some responsibility.
A. instantly B. deliberately
C. accidentally D. casually
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。A. instantly立即地；B. deliberately故意地；C. accidentally意外地，偶然地；D. casually随便地。句意：虽然他不是故意这样做的，但他确实负有一定的责任。故选B.
14.Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion he wants their support.
A. since B. once C. unless D. after
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查状语从句从属连词。句意：汤姆非常独立，除非他想得到父母的支持，否则他从不征求父母的意见。A. since 自从……以来；B. once 一旦；C. unless 除非；D. after在……之后。此处表示“除非”需要父母的支持，所以是unless引导的条件状语从句。故选C。
15.We have entered into an age dreams have the best chance of coming true.
A. which B. what C. that D. when
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入了梦想最有可能实现的时代。此处age是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作时间状语，所以由when引导。故选D。
【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词age，再分析先行词age在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词age带到从句中可知，只能作时间状语，故确定关系词为when。
第二节:完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
With a combined total of 211 years between them, Charlotte and John Henderson, from Austin, Texas, are celebrating their 80th wedding anniversary. The two are ___16___ the oldest living couple on earth, according to Guinness World Records. John Henderson is 106 ___17___ Charlotte Henderson is 105.
The pair met in 1934 as ___18___ at the University of Texas, where Charlotte was studying to be a teacher and John played football. John was very ___19___ of football. Since 2010, he has had the ___20___ of being the oldest living former UT football player, and he ___21___ a game every year. The Hendersons, who have no children, have ___22___ at a retirement community in Austin, for the past decade. It is ___23___ that the retirement home helped to ___24___ an anniversary party for the couple. “In our ages, we’ve slowed down somewhat,” John Henderson _______25_______. “We used to go on cruises, but now we have to take it _______26_______. We like watching sports and talking about what we’re going to do.”
Henderson’s nephew Jason Free said the two were his _______27_______ role models. They love and really care for each other. “They don’t always _______28_______ the past,” Free said. “You won’t hear them say, ‘Oh, if only it were 1952 again, _______29_______ would be great.’ Instead, they are making plans for their _______30_______ together.”
Free noted that when his uncle is at a UT game or out _______31_______ friends, Charlotte usually will call to _______32_______ him. “She likes to know when John is going to be coming back to eat with her,” Free said.
As for the _______33_______ to their longevity, John Henderson puts it down to exercise and having a positive _______34_______. Then with a _______35_______ he added, “But some people think it’s because we’ve never had kids!”
16. A. naturally B. officially C. individually D. normally
17. A. so B. but C. as D. and
18. A. participants B. professors C. students D. players
19. A. fond B. sure C. afraid D. tired
20. A. qualification B. confidence C. truth D. distinction
21 A. organizes B. attends C. sponsors D. appreciates
22. A. aimed B. researched C. lived D. arrived
23. A. reported B. assumed C. suggested D. confirmed
24. A. deliver B. find C. show D. throw
25. A. announced B. recommended C. explained D. complained
26. A. seriously B. easy C. off D. away
27. A. relationship B. behavior C. career D. concept
28. A. overlook B. recall C. believe D. see
29. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
30. A. choices B. children C. retirement D. future
31. A. cheating B. inviting C. meeting D. making
32. A. pick up B. care about C. wait for D. check on
33. A. introduction B. tendency C. secret D. guide
34. A. attitude B. method C. theory D. comment
35. A. laugh B. sigh C. nod D. gesture
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. D 21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一对吉尼斯世界纪录认证为在世的最长寿夫妇的日常点滴和生活故事，他们相互关心，心态乐观，生活简单又美好。
【16题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们俩被吉尼斯世界纪录正式认证为地球上仍在世的最长寿夫妇。A. naturally自然地；B. officially正式地，官方地；C. individually私人地，个人地；D. normally正常地，通常地。根据句中Guinness World Records可知，他们获得的是正式的官方认证，故选B。
【17题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：约翰·亨德森106岁了，夏洛特·亨德森105岁了。A. so所以；B. but但是；C. as因为，由于，尽管，随着，正如；D. and和，与，然后。根据语境，连词前后两句内容并无因果、转折等各种关系，两者为各自独立的事实，宜用and作连接，故选D。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妻在1934年，他们还是得克萨斯州大学的学生的时候遇见彼此，当时夏洛特正在那里学习，准备当一名教师，而约翰在那里踢足球。A. participants参与者；B. professors教授；C. students学生；D. players球员，队员。根据下句Charlotte was studying to be a teacher可知，他们当时是学生身份，“John played football”不影响他本身是个学生的事实，而且夏洛特不是足球队员，故选C。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：约翰非常喜欢踢足球。A. fond喜欢的；B. sure确定的；C. afraid害怕的；D. tired劳累的。根据上下文可知，约翰一直在踢足球，十分喜欢，故选A。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从2010年开始，他便坐拥在世的最年长前UT足球队员这一荣誉，而且他每年都参加比赛。A. qualification资格，条件；B. confidence信心；C. truth事实；D. distinction荣誉，特性，差别。在世的最年长前队员属于他的一个荣誉，而qualification一般是指通过学习考试取得的资格学历，或是因足够熟练，具备某项技能或经验而取得的资格，而文中此处语境强调其年长（oldest），且是前队员，A选项并不够恰当准确，故选D。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从2010年开始，他便坐拥在世的最年长前UT足球队员这一荣誉，而且他每年都参加比赛。A. organizes组织；B. attends参加；C. sponsors赞助；D. appreciates欣赏。作为最年长队员，他每年都去打比赛（参加比赛），故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：亨德森夫妇没有子女，过去十年间，他们居住在奥斯汀的一个退休社区。A. aimed以……为目标；B. researched研究；C. lived居住；D. arrived到达。根据语境，他们现居住在退休老年人社区，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：据报道，养老院帮着为这对夫妇举办了周年纪念派对。A. reported报道；B. assumed假设；C. suggested 建议；D. confirmed确认，证实，批准。根据语境，据报道，养老院为他们举办了派对，且下文中有夫妇俩接受采访对外界所说的话，对本题有提示作用，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：据报道，养老院帮着为这对夫妇举办了周年纪念派对。A. deliver交付，发表，递送；B. find找到；C. show展示，演出，说明；D. throw投，抛，掷，举行（派对）。本题考查了动词的熟词生义，throw除了表示“扔”等意义之外，还可专门用于表示举行派对（throw a party），故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“到了我们这个岁数，节奏得稍微慢下来了，”约翰·亨德森解释道。A. announced宣布，宣称；B. recommended推荐，建议；C. explained解释；D. complained抱怨。约翰的话前后有两处，后一处是对前一处中所提“节奏慢下来”的解释，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们过去常常乘船游览，但现在我们不得不松懈下来。A. (take it) seriously认真对待，当真；B. (take it) easy从容，松懈，不急；C. (take it) off 脱下（衣服）；D. (take it) away拿走，带走东西。根据下文We like watching sports and talking about what we’re going to do及语境可知，约翰说他们现在节奏慢下来了，也就是对坐游艇游玩这些事没那么勤快了，松懈了许多，只有B符合语境，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：亨德森的外甥詹森·弗里说他们夫妻俩的关系是他学习的楷模。他们真心相爱，并关心对方。A. relationship关系；B. behavior行为；C. career事业；D. concept概念。结合语境，此处谈及的是夫妇俩的美好关系，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他们并不会总在回忆过去，”弗里说。A. overlook忽略，远眺，宽恕；B. recall回想起，回忆；C. believe相信；D. see看见。下文提到，夫妇俩虽年事已高，但仍然是展望未来的姿态，而非不停回忆过去，故选B。
29题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：噢，要是现在能回到1952年，那一切该是多好。A. something某事，某物；B. anything任何东西，任何事物；C. everything一切，万事；D. nothing没有什么。1952年他们正处于年轻气盛的人生时期，一切都是好的，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们正一起为未来做计划。A. choices选择；B. children孩子；C. retirement退休；D. future未来。结合上文，夫妻俩不会处处抱怨，沉浸在过去的美好生活里，相反地，他们一起为未来做着计划。“未来”与“过去”相对，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：弗里注意到，当他的叔叔去UT踢球打比赛或者外出见朋友的时候，夏洛特通常会打电话向他核实一下。A. cheating欺骗；B. inviting邀请；C. meeting面见，会见；D. making制作，交（朋友）。约翰的老年生活，要么是出去踢球，要么就是外出面见朋友（meet friends），外出交新朋友显然不符合此处语境，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：弗里注意到，当他的叔叔去UT踢球打比赛或者外出见朋友的时候，夏洛特通常会打电话向他核实一下。A. pick up捡起，接机；B. care about担心，关心；C. wait for等待；D. check on核实，检查。结合引号内容，约翰出去之后，她不清楚他回家的时间，所以打个电话过去核实一下，D符合语境。打电话过去肯定不是接机或是等待，且确认回家的时间，这属于“核实情况”更准确，而用“担心，关心”表述不准确。综上，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于长寿的秘诀，约翰·亨德森把它归因于运动锻炼和拥有积极的生活态度。A. introduction介绍，引言；B. tendency趋势；C. secret秘诀；D. guide指南。根据后半句中的“运动锻炼”和“拥有积极的态度”可知，这应是他们俩的长寿秘诀（secret to their longevity），故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于长寿的秘诀，约翰·亨德森把它归因于运动锻炼和拥有积极的生活态度。A. attitude态度；B. method方法；C. theory理论；D. comment评论。夫妇俩拥有的是积极的生活态度，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：接着他笑着补充道，“但是有些人认为这是因为我们从未生过孩子！”A. laugh笑；B. sigh叹气；C. nod点头；D. gesture姿势，手势。从约翰的话语内容，并结合语境可知他，此时正在调侃，故对应的神情应是“笑着说”，故选A。
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Headington Oxford
Headington Oxford Summer School is located in the beautiful city of Oxford, just a short walk from the centre. The summer school takes place at Headington School, one of the UK's top boarding schools.
Ages: 13-16
Dates: Wednesday 15 July — Wednesday 19 August
Location: Headington School in Oxford Certification: Academic Progress Report & Certificate
Academic Program
Headington Oxford Summer School offers students 15 hours of English teaching per week. Students can choose between our General English, Summer Study and Global Young Leaders courses. All classes at Headington Oxford Summer School are multi-national with a maximum of 15 students per class.
Social Program
At Headington Oxford Summer School, students enjoy a varied and fun multi-activity program, with a range of activities in the afternoon and evenings. Students can also choose English Plus+ options, to replace the multi-activity program, oil two afternoons per week for an additional cost. Social program is a supplementary(补充)to the Academic Program.
Excellent Education
At Summer Boarding Courses, our English Summer School programs help students to develop and use their English language skills in a real world setting. With students from over 95 different countries, we limit the number of students that speak the same language so that students are able to communicate with each other in English throughout their stay. Trips, project work and presentations throughout our British Summer School courses, help to develop the students' confidence and use of language in real life situations.
A Key Part of the Educational Journey
Joining a British Summer School is part of a student's educational journey. Whether they're attending one of our summer schools to learn English for the first time, develop their English language skills to study in the UK, or intending to prepare for further study at university, we have courses suitable to meet their needs.
CONTACT US MAKE A BOOKING
+44 (0)1943 878518infb@suinmerboardingcourscs.co.uk
36. What do you know about Headington Oxford Summer School?
A. It is far away from the city centre.
B. It offers programs to elementary school students.
C. Its programs are open to students from all over the world.
D. Its programs last no more than 4 weeks.
37. It can be known that the Social Program_______.
A. doesn't include English courses
B. is conducted during the day
C. is an addition to the Academic Program
D. allows students to participate voluntarily
38. Why does the summer school limit the number of students using the same language?
A. To encourage students to make friends.
B. To make students practice English more.
C. To build up students' confidence.
D. To attract more students to the courses.
39. The part "A Key Part of the Educational Journey" ______.
A. further promotes the summer school
B. explains the benefit of joining the summer school
C. explains the development of the summer school
D. predicts the future of the educational area in the UK
【答案】36. C 37. C 38. B 39. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍海丁顿牛津暑期学校。它位于美丽的牛津城，离市中心只有几步路。暑期学校在Headington学校举行，这是英国最好的寄宿学校之一。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据Academic Program中Students can choose between our General English, Summer Study and Global Young Leaders courses. All classes at Headington Oxford Summer School are multi-national with a maximum of 15 students per class.(学生可以在我们的普通英语、暑期学习和全球青年领袖课程中进行选择。海德顿牛津暑期学校的所有班级都是跨国的，每班最多15名学生。)可知，这所学校的课程对来自世界各地的学生开放。故选C。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据Social Program中Social program is a supplementary(补充)to the Academic Program.可知，社会计划是学术计划的补充。故选C。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据Excellent Education中With students from over 95 different countries, we limit the number of students that speak the same language so that students are able to communicate with each other in English throughout their stay.(对于来自95个不同国家的学生，我们限制说同一种语言的学生人数，以便学生们在逗留期间能够用英语交流。)可知，暑期学校限制使用同一种语言的学生人数是为了让学生多练习英语。故选B。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据A Key Part of the Educational Journey中Joining a British Summer School is part of a student's educational journey. Whether they're attending one of our summer schools to learn English for the first time, develop their English language skills to study in the UK, or intending to prepare for further study at university, we have courses suitable to meet their needs.(参加英国暑期学校是学生教育旅程的一部分。无论他们是第一次来我们的暑期学校学习英语，是为了提高他们的英语技能来英国学习，还是准备在大学继续深造，我们都有适合他们的课程。)可知，“教育之旅的关键部分”更进一步推广暑期学校。故选A。
B
A decade ago, colored lights danced around the living room on New Year's Eve and happy music was played. Upstairs, the children were asleep. But I wasn't feeling happy. In mid-December, my husband and I had been informed that he had cancer and that he was going to die. He had less than a year left, the doctors said.
In the years since that painful season, I have come to look back upon New Year's Eve as an ending and a beginning. New Year's Eve brings a halt to the endless commitments that fill our daily lives and a chance to reflect.
New Year's Eve is full of possibility, and anticipation. What will be the surprising experiences and delightful successes in the coming year? But also, what disappointments are waiting for us in the next twelve months?
In many ways, New Year's Eve and the days that surround it are a line between past and future. That line is made up of a series of moments of transition that take us out of the old and into the new. Transition can be challenging for many of us. It's about letting go of the familiar and diving headlong （迅猛地）into the unfamiliar.
Just as, back then, I had to face letting go of the life I had led with my beloved husband and stepping into a new world as a widowed（丧偶的）mom. I find that each year I have to step out of the version of me that suited the year that is ending and ease into the version of me who will rise to the goals I am holding for myself for the year ahead.
Last year at this time, I sat in a chair in southern France and drank in the stillness and beauty of the countryside around me. The three children and I had brought into this world talked and laughed around the table beside me as we enjoyed a lunch of bread and cheese.
I was filled with a sense of joy and I had a glowing （热情洋溢的）heart that was full of hope. It was another ending and another beginning. May we all transition into the best of what lies ahead. May we all find happiness in this holiday season.
40. What made the author unhappy on New Year's Eve a decade before?
A. The pressure she faced in her work.
B. The health problem her husband faced.
C. The information received from her family.
D. The relationship between her and husband.
41. What does the underlined word "halt" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Stop. B. Beginning. C. Meaning. D. Tradition.
42. What does the author think people should do at a new year?
A. Set challenging goals for the next year.
B. Break with daily routines and form a new habit.
C. Spend more time with family members.
D. Think about the past and get ready for the future.
43. What is the author's attitude toward the future?
A. Calm. B. Indifferent. C. Doubtful. D. Expectant.
44. What is the main purpose of the article?
A. To memorialize her husband.
B. To show how she got through a hard time.
C. To share her view of New Year's Eve.
D. To remind us that uncertainty is part of life.
【答案】40. B 41. A 42. D 43. D 44. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者分享了她对除夕夜的看法。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中In mid-December, my husband and I had been informed that he had cancer and that he was going to die.“12月中旬，我和丈夫被告知他患了癌症，生命垂危。”由此可知，10年前的新年前夜，她丈夫的健康问题让她很不开心。故选B。
【41题详解】
词义猜测题。.根据第二段第一句In the years since that painful season, I have come to look back upon New Year's Eve as an ending and a beginning.“在那个痛苦的季节之后的许多年里，我开始把除夕看作一个结束和一个开始。”和第二句中的the endless commitments that fill our daily lives and a chance to reflect.“充斥着我们日常生活的无尽的承诺，并带来一个反思的机会。”可知，要把无尽的承诺在除夕“停止”，由此推知划线词的意思是“停止”。故选A。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段In many ways, New Year's Eve and the days that surround it are a line between past and future. That line is made up of a series of moments of transition that take us out of the old and into the new. Transition can be challenging for many of us. It's about letting go of the familiar and diving headlong （迅猛地）into the unfamiliar.“从很多方面来说，除夕和新年前后的日子是过去和未来之间的一条线。这条线是由一系列转变的时刻组成的，这些转变把我们带出旧的，带进新的。过渡对我们很多人来说都是具有挑战性的。放手熟悉的，一头扎进不熟悉的。”由此可知，作者认为人们在新年应该“想想过去，为未来做好准备。”故选D。
43题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句I was filled with a sense of joy and I had a glowing （热情洋溢的）heart that was full of hope.“我心里充满了喜悦和希望。”由此可知，作者对未来充满了“期待”。故选D。.
【44题详解】
目的意图题。根据最后一段I was filled with a sense of joy and I had a glowing （热情洋溢的）heart that was full of hope. It was another ending and another beginning. May we all transition into the best of what lies ahead. May we all find happiness in this holiday season.“我心里充满了喜悦和希望。这是另一个结束，也是另一个开始。愿我们都能过渡到最好的未来。愿我们都能在这个佳节找到幸福。”由此可知，这篇文章的目的是“为了分享她对除夕夜的看法。”故选C。
【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。 这种题型主要包括细节判断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题和猜测想象推断题。本题第5小题，根据最后一段I was filled with a sense of joy and I had a glowing （热情洋溢的）heart that was full of hope. It was another ending and another beginning. May we all transition into the best of what lies ahead. May we all find happiness in this holiday season.“我心里充满了喜悦和希望。这是另一个结束，也是另一个开始。愿我们都能过渡到最好的未来。愿我们都能在这个佳节找到幸福。”由此可知，这篇文章的目的是“为了分享她对除夕夜的看法。”故选C。
C
From talking robots and video phones to rovers （探测器）on Mars, technology has become so advanced that the previously impossible seems to occur on a daily basis. And yet—we still have no cure for the common cold.
Why can't we stop the common cold? According to Peter Barlow, a scientist at Edinburgh Napier University in the UK, the main challenge lies in the many different types of cold viruses that are produced by the rhinoviruses （鼻病毒），Scientific American reported. There are at least 160 types. They mutate so easily that they quickly become resistant to drugs, or learn to hide from our immune systems. In other words, a single cure isn't likely to work on every type of cold.
However, researchers from Stanford University and the University of California, San Francisco, have found a possible answer. They discovered a protein that the viruses need. Without it, they can't spread inside your body.
To identify the gene which produces the specific protein needed by the viruses, researchers used a gene-editing technique to test all genes in the human genome（基因组）one by one for thousands of cell.
These modified （改变的）cells were then exposed to a range of enteroviruses （肠道病毒）， including the rhinoviruses which cause the common cold.
All the viruses were unable to replicate（复制）inside cells without a gene that produces a specific protein, called methyltransferase（甲基转移酶）SETD3.
Then, they tested genetically（从基因方面）modified mice, which were completely unable to produce the protein. The mice were able to live healthy, normal lives without the protein.
"Lacking that gene protected the mice completely from viral （病毒的）infection,” associate professor Jan Carette, from Stanford, told the BBC.
"These mice would always die, but they survived and we saw a very strong reduction in viral replication and very strong protection."
Carette said the plan is to find a drug which can temporarily suppress（抑制） the protein, instead of producing genetically modified humans.
“We have identified a fantastic target that all enteroviruses and rhinoviruses require and depend on. Take that away and the virus really has no chance," said Carette.
"This is a really good first step—the second step is to have a chemical that mimics（模拟） this genetic deletion,” he added.
45. What does the underlined word "mutate” mean in English?
A. To change a new form.
B. To identify a new gene.
C. To check a modified cell.
D. To cure a viral infection.
46. What is the article mainly about?
A. Why it is so hard to cure the common cold.
B. The possible link between rhinoviruses and the common cold.
C. A possible way to stop viral infections that cause the common cold.
D. The functions of a protein needed by viruses.
47. What does Peter Barlow think is the main problem for prevention of the common cold?
A. The slow mutation of some genes.
B. The fast speed at which rhinoviruses spread.
C. The harm rhinoviruses do to the immune system.
D. The wide variety of cold viruses created by rhinoviruses.
48. What can we learn about the protein needed by the viruses?
A. It helps the viruses replicate inside our bodies.
B. It allows the viruses to change easily.
C. It helps the viruses become resistant to drugs.
D. It increases the spread of the viruses.
49. What did the researchers discover in their gene-editing study?
A. Genetically modified mice died because they lacked the protein.
B. The modified cells seemed to protect the mice against viral infections.
C. More methyltransferase SETD3 was produced after the cells were modified.
D. The gene-editing technique was more effective against enteroviruses than rhinoviruses.
50. What do the researchers plan to do next, according to Carette?
A. Conduct experiments on genetically modified humans.
B. Identify a drug that can help reduce the protein.
C. Apply this gene-editing technique to control other viruses.
D. Find a chemical that can cure all enteroviruses and rhinoviruses.
【答案】45. A 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了斯坦福大学和旧金山加州大学的研究人员找到了一种可能阻止引起人们感染感冒病毒的方法——抑制一种叫做甲基转移酶SETD3的蛋白质，因为这种蛋白质能够帮助感冒病毒在我们体内复制。
【45题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“they quickly become resistant to drugs, or learn to hide from our immune systems.”可知，它们很快就会对药物产生抗药性，或者学会躲过我们的免疫系统，这说明这些病毒很容易变异，由此可知画线词词义为“变异（变成一种新类型的病毒）”，故A项正确。
【46题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第三段“However, researchers from Stanford University and the University of California, San Francisco, have found a possible answer. They discovered a protein that the viruses need. Without it, they can't spread inside your body.”可知，然而，斯坦福大学和旧金山加州大学的研究人员找到了一个可能的答案，他们发现了病毒需要的蛋白质。没有它，它们就不能在你体内扩散，由此可知，本文主要介绍的是科学家找到了一种可能阻止引起人们感染感冒病毒的方法，故C项正确。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Why can't we stop the common cold? According to Peter Barlow, a scientist at Edinburgh Napier University in the UK, the main challenge lies in the many different types of cold viruses that are produced by the rhinoviruses （鼻病毒），Scientific American reported. There are at least 160 types.”可知，为什么我们不能阻止感冒呢？据《科学美国人》报道，英国爱丁堡纳皮尔大学科学家彼得·巴洛称，主要挑战在于鼻病毒会产生至少160种不同类型的感冒病毒，由此可知，彼得·巴洛认为预防感冒的主要问题是由鼻病毒产生的多种感冒病毒，故D项正确。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中的“All the viruses were unable to replicate（复制）inside cells without a gene that produces a specific protein, called methyltransferase（甲基转移酶）SETD3.”可知，所有的病毒都不能在细胞内复制，因为它们没有一种基因，这种基因可以产生一种叫做甲基转移酶SETD3的蛋白质，由此可知，病毒所需的蛋白质能够帮助病毒在我们体内复制，故A项正确。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据第八段“"Lacking that gene protected the mice completely from viral （病毒的）infection,” associate professor Jan Carette, from Stanford, told the BBC.”可知，斯坦福大学的副教授简·卡雷特对英国广播公司说：“缺乏这种基因，老鼠就完全不受病毒感染”，由此可知，基因改变的细胞能够能保护小鼠免受病毒感染，故B项正确。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“"This is a really good first step—the second step is to have a chemical that mimics（模拟） this genetic deletion,” he added.”可知，“这是一个很好的第一步，第二步是让一种化学物质模拟这种基因缺失”，他（卡雷特）补充说，由此可知，卡雷特认为研究人员下一步打算找出一种能帮助减少这种蛋白质的药物，故B项正确。
【点睛】词义猜测题的难度较大，抓住画线词的上下文是关键，因为其往往会对画线词词义起到解释说明或举例说明的作用，例如本篇第1题，根据画线词后的“they quickly become resistant to drugs, or learn to hide from our immune systems.”可知，它们很快就会对药物产生抗药性，或者学会躲过我们的免疫系统，这是对画线词的解释说明，说明这些病毒很容易变异，由此可知画线词词义为“变异（变成一种新类型的病毒）”，故A项正确。
D
The US Postal Service(USPS) is losing billions of dollars a year. The government company that delivers "small mail" is losing out to email and other types of electronic communication. First-class mail amount fell from a high point of 104 million pieces in 2000 to just 64 million pieces by 2014.
Congress permits the 600,000-employee USPS to hold a monopoly over first-class and standard mail. The company pays no federal, state or local taxes；pays no vehicle fees； and is free from many regulations on other businesses. Despite these advantages, the USPS has lost 52 billion since 2007, and will continue losing money without major reforms.
The problem is that Congress is preventing the USPS from reducing costs as its sales decline, and is blocking efforts to end Saturday service and close unneeded post office locations. USPS also has a costly union-dominated workforce that slows the introduction of new ideas or methods down. USPS workers earn significantly higher payment than comparable private-sector workers. The answer is to privatize the USPS and open postal markets to competition. With the rise of the Internet, the argument that mail is a natural monopoly that needs government protection is weaker than ever.
Other countries facing declining letter amounts have made reforms. Germany and the Netherlands privatized their national postal companies over a decade ago, and other European countries have followed suit. Britain floated shares of the Royal Mail on its stock exchange in 2013. Some countries, such as Sweden and New Zealand, have not privatized their national postal companies, but they have opened them up to competition.
These reforms have driven efficiency improvements in all of these countries. Additional number of workers have been reduced, productivity has risen and consumers have benefited. Also, note that cost-cutting measures — such as closing some post offices — are good for both the economy and the environment.
Privatization and competition also encourage new changes. When the USPS monopoly over "extremely urgent" mail was stopped in 1979, we saw an explosion in efficient overnight private delivery by firms such as FedEx.
The government needs to wake up to changing technology, study postal reforms abroad and let businessmen reinvent（彻底改造）our out-of-date postal system.
51. What does the underlined word "monopoly" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. The act of solving a problem.
B. A duty to deal with something.
C. Complete control of a public service/goods.
D. The plan of investing money in something.
52. What do we know about the USPS?
A. Its great competitor is the delivery firm FedEx.
B. It is an old public service open to competitions.
C. Its employees don't pay federal, state or local taxes.
D. It has complete control of first-class and standard mail.
53. The author mentions some other countries in Paragraph 4 to_______ .
A. explain the procedures of reform to the USPS
B. show the advantages of private postal services
C. set some examples for the government to learn from
D. prove the situation is very common around the world
54. The author probably agrees that the USPS_______ .
A. needs government's protection as ever
B. can work together with other businesses
C. must be replaced by international companies
D. should be sold out and become a private service
55. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?
I： Introduction CP： Central point P： Point Sp： Sub-point C： Conclusion
A. B. C. D.
【答案】51. C 52. D 53. C 54. D 55. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。讲述美国邮政总局由于经营不善，连年赤字，急需采取措施改变现状。
【51题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文The company pays no federal, state or local taxes；pays no vehicle fees； and is free from many regulations on other businesses. (该公司不缴纳联邦、州或地方税;不缴纳车辆费;也不受其他业务的许多规定限制。) 可推断出划线词所在的句子意思是，国会允许拥有60万雇员的美国邮政公司垄断一等邮件和标准邮件。划线词词义为：垄断。C项“完全控制公共服务/商品”符合。故选C。
52题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Congress permits the 600,000-empIoyee USPS to hold a monopoly (垄断) over first-class and standard mail.(国会允许拥有60万雇员的美国邮政公司垄断一等邮件和标准邮件。)可知，它完全控制一等邮件和标准邮件。故选D。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段首句Other countries facing declining letter amounts have made reforms.(其他面临信件数量下降的国家也进行了改革。)以及文章最后一段作者希望政府研究国外邮政改革可知，作者在第四段提到了其他一些国家，是为政府树立了一些学习的榜样。故选C。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Privatization and competition also encourage new changes. When the USPS monopoly over "extremely urgent" mail was stopped in 1979, we saw an explosion in efficient overnight private delivery by firms such as FedEx.（私有化和竞争也鼓励新的变化。1979年，美国邮政停止了对“极急”邮件的垄断，我们看到了联邦快递(FedEx)等公司高效的隔夜私人投递业务的爆炸式增长。）以及最后一段 and let businessmen reinvent（彻底改造）our out-of-date postal system.（让商人们改造我们陈旧的邮政系统。）由此推断出，作者可能同意“美国邮政公司应该被出售，成为一种私人服务”这一观点。故选D。
【55题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，全文一共七段，第一段和第二段是背景信息，属于Introduction，第三段属于Central point，第四五段是观点1，第六段是观点2，第七段进行总结属于Conclusion。故选B。
第II卷（非选择题共35分）
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；毎小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，并按题目要求用英语回答问题。
I received a private message on Facebook。 It began harmlessly enough: "Hey, girl. Wanted to invite you to join my next challenge group ——we'll be focusing on fitting in 30 minutes of exercise and balanced nutrition.”
It was all becoming too much. Facebook was running my life, not me.
But what killed Facebook for me was when I posted a photo, and five minutes later my son asked me how many "likes" it had got. His question was a wake-up call.
"Likes" arc signs of acceptance and approval. I had forgotten that acceptance and approval need to come from within and had unknowingly set him a bad example.
Before Facebook, surfing the internet was an occasional distraction and I spent a lot more time reading books and magazines. I checked in with friends through texts, emails and phone calls.
To recreate the simplicity of those days and set a healthier example for my son, I deactivated my Facebook account.
I'd been in the habit of checking Facebook many times a day, so I had to come up with some new habits. I carried a novel and a crossword puzzle book around with me. I rediscovered knitting（针织）. I started taking yoga classes.
I started to remember a few things. My body is fine just the way it is. I have friends who will help me out when I'm in trouble, and I will help them out. I do my best to be a good mother, and our son is happy and healthy. We are very lucky to be able to afford two vacations a year.
I stopped looking at the world through my cellphone. I felt pleasant at the moment.
The break left me feeling better about myself, my family, my home and my life.
After a few weeks, I returned to Facebook. Now I look at the photos of my friends, kids growing up and treasure how social media allows me to keep in touch with family for and wide. I look in on a daily basis, but no longer with the desire constantly to post updates.
It is not an addiction any more.
56. When the author's son asked her how many “likes" it had got, what's the author's reaction to the question? （no more than 10 words）
57. The underlined word “deactivate" in Paragraph 6 mean in English? (I word)
58. What did the author do to change her life?（no more than 5 words）
59. What did the author think of the break from Facebook? (no more than 15 words)
60. What do you think is the best way to use social media? Please explain.(no more than 25 words)
【答案】56. Her son's question was a wake-up call.
57. Close. 58. She developed some healthy habits.
59. It gave her time to find beauty in life.
Or: The break left her feeling better about herself, her family, her home and her life.
60. Open. (I think we should use social media moderately. Because using it moderately can't result in distraction and waste a lot of time.)
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者之前的生活被Facebook控制了，过分在乎网络中别人是否“喜欢”，因此作者决定脱离Facebook，活在当下，享受现在的生活。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的five minutes later my son asked me how many "likes" it had got. His question was a wake-up call.可知，儿子的问题对作者是一个警醒。根据字数，故答案为Her son's question was a wake-up call.
【57题详解】
词义猜测题。文中第六段提到To recreate the simplicity of those days and set a healthier example to my son，作者想要恢复之前简单的生活，想要给儿子树立一个好的榜样，同时第一段也提到作者在打开Facebook时有些信息打扰，因此作者想要关掉Facebook。因此推断划线词deactivate意思是：关闭，根据字数，故答案为Close。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。文章第7段提到I had to come up with some new habits. I carried a novel and a crossword puzzle book around with me. I rediscovered knitting. I started taking yoga classes.可知，作者不玩Facebook后培养了一些新的兴趣，如随时看书、上瑜伽课等，这些都是非常健康的兴趣，根据字数故答案为She developed some healthy habits.
【59题详解】
推理判断题。文章倒数三、四段I stopped looking at the world through my cellphone. I felt pleasant at the moment. The break left me feeling better about myself, my family, my home and my life.阐述停止通过手机看世界。作者感到很愉快。休息使作者对自己、家庭、和生活感觉更好。因此推断作者认为脱落了Facebook，有了时间发现生活中的美，休息让自己对自己、家庭、和生活感觉更好。根据词数，故答案为It gave her time to find beauty in life. Or: The break left her feeling better about herself, her family, her home and her life.
【60题详解】
开放题。根据文章可知，对于社交媒体 ，要理智对待，适度使用，适度使用它才不会导致分心和浪费大量时间。注意考虑词数。参考答案为Open. (I think we should use social media moderately. Because using it moderately can't result in distraction and waste a lot of time.)
第二节 书面表达
61.假设你是高三学生李津，毕业后想去香港大学。请你给该校领导写一封电子邮件， 询问一些相关事宜。
1.对该校的法学院感兴趣，如何才能被相关专业录取；
2.是否需要参加英语考试；
3.该校的奖学金、学费、食宿安排和生活费用等情况。
注意：
1.邮件须包含以上所有内容，可适当增加细节；
2.开头已给出，不计入总词数，不少于100词。
参考词汇：香港大学 University of Hong Kong 法学院 Faculty of Law
Dear Sir/Madam,
My name is Li Hua,_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
My name is Li Hua, a Senior 3 student. Soon I will graduate and I plan to study in your university, so I'm writing to ask for some information.
I'm desperately interested in law and the subjects in your university are particularly famous. We all know that law is the principle of the society. Furthermore, helping the people in trouble is always my dream and I really want to be something in this field. So I wonder how I can be a student in your Faculty of Law. Do I have to take the English tests? How can I apply for the scholarship? How do you arrange accommodations for mainland students? What will the usual living costs be like?
Your timely reply would be much appreciated.
Yours truly,
Li Jin
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达考查应用文写作。
【详解】第一步：明确要求。假设你是高三学生李津，毕业后想去香港大学。请你给该校领导写一封电子邮件， 询问一些相关事宜。1.对该校的法学院感兴趣，如何才能被相关专业录取；2.是否需要参加英语考试；3.该校的奖学金、学费、食宿安排和生活费用等情况。
第二步：列关键词。
Graduate；ask for；desperately；interested in；principle；in trouble；wonder；take the test；apply for；scholarship；arrange accommodation；the usual living cost等等。
第三步：连词成句。根据列出的关键词造句，注意主谓一致，时态语态等语法。
第四步：连句成文。注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡。
注意，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。高级句型有：Furthermore, helping the people in trouble is always my dream and I really want to be something in this field.使用了动名词做主语；Your timely reply would be much appreciated.使用了被动语态。文章没有汉氏英语，体现了作者较高的英语能力。
河西区2019-2020学年度第二学期高三英语模拟试卷（二）
英语试卷
第I卷（选择题，共95分）
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.— I’d like to take a holiday in August, Mr. Yang.
— We'll be busy then. You'll have to make it another time.
A. It's up to you.
B. It's out of the question.
C. It doesn't matter.
D. By all means.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。---我想八月份休假，杨先生。---那是不可能的，那时我们会很忙。你得另找时间。A. It's up to you由你决定；B. It's out of the question 不可能；C. It doesn't matter 没关系；D. By all means 当然可以。分析句子，在提出想去休假后，杨先生说8月份会很忙，最好另找时间。故可知8月份是不可能出去休假的。故选B项。
2.My computer start this morning. There must have been something wrong with it.
A. shouldn't B. wouldn't C. needn't D. mustn't
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我的电脑今早怎么也启动不了了。一定是出了什么问题。A. shouldn’t不应该；B. wouldn’t不会；C. needn't不需要；D. mustn’t禁止，不允许。分析句子，后句提到“一定有什么东西坏了，所以电脑启动不了”。根据情态动词wouldn't表示过去的习惯或反复性的动作。故选B。
3.The professor could tell by the look in Maria's eyes that she didn't understand a single word of his lecture.
A. cold B. empty C. innocent D. blank
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教授从玛丽亚茫然的眼神中可以看出，她一个字也听不懂他讲课的内容。A. cold 寒冷的，冷淡的；B. empty 空的；C. innocent 无辜的，无罪的；D. blank 没表情的，不理解的，茫然的。从句后面说Maria 对教授的课一个字都没听懂。故可判断她的眼神是茫然的。故选D项。
4.It is by no means clear the local government will do with the buildings of poor quality.
A. what B. how C. whether D. which
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：目前还不清楚当地政府将如何处理这些质量差的建筑。分析句子，在形式主语中，真正的主语部分缺“will do”的宾语。名词性从句，若从句部分缺主语。则引导词用“连接代词”。又因句意缺“什么”之意。故选A项。
5.Alice spent an afternoon helping her grandfather to the stamps which he had collected for years.
A. make out B. watch out C. sort out D. put out
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：爱丽丝花了一个下午帮助祖父整理他收集了多年的邮票。A. make out理解；辨认出；B. watch out小心；提防；C. sort out分类，整理；D. put out 扑灭。分析句子，这些邮票是她祖父多年收集的，所以Alice帮他整理出来。故选C项。
6.Delete the short message at once! Many a man ______ by such tricks up to now.
A. are cheated B. is cheated
C. have been cheated D. has been cheated
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查现在完成时态的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：立即删除短消息!到目前为止，许多人都被这种把戏欺骗了。句子中Many a man作主语，后面的谓语动词用单数形式，且和谓语动词cheat之间构成被动关系，再根据up to now，所以句子用现在完成时态的被动语态。故选D。
7.—There is a belief that the robots will take the place of human beings one day.
— After all, they don't have their own thinking.
A. Don't mention it.
B. It depends.
C. I don't think so.
D. I have no idea.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查情景交际。---人们相信有一天机器人将取代人类。---我不这么认为，毕竟他们没有自己的想法。A. Don't mention it 别客气；B. It depends 取决于；C. I don't think so我不这么认为；D. I have no idea我不知道。分析句子，后句讲到“毕竟他们没有自己的思维”。表示不同意上面的看法。故选C项。
8.The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, air conditioning unnecessary.
A. made
B. to make
C. being made
D. making
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：冷风从我们卧室的窗户吹进来，使得没有必要开空调了。前面的事情造成后面的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。不定式也可以作结果状语，但是那是预料不到的结果。本句描述的是一种顺理成章的结果。故选D。
9.Most passengers like sitting in the front of a bus to have a better view. What's more, they believe it's less likely that _______will happen.
A. car-accident B. car-sickness C. car-trouble D. car-crash
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：大多数乘客喜欢坐在公共汽车的前部，以便看得更清楚。更重要的是，他们认为这是不太可能发生晕车的。A. car-accident车祸；B. car-sickness 晕车；C. car-trouble 汽车故障；D. car-crash车祸；汽车碰撞。分析句子，从句前提到乘客喜欢坐汽车前部是为了看清楚。同时因为发生“晕车”可能性较小。故选B项。
10.Much disappointed as he is ____ in the job interview, he still keeps his confidence.
A. to have failed B. to fail C. having failed D. failing
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句式及不定式。句意：虽然他对于工作面试失败很失望，但他还是保持自信。本题是as的倒装句，还原后是Though he is much disappointed ______,这时可以看出是句型：sb/sth is +adj +to do这个句型，这里的不定式是主动表被动，而且如果不定式的动作在主句的动作之前发生，用不定式的完成时。本句中的面试失败发生在失望之前，表示动作已完成并对现在产生了影响，此时要动词不定式的完成时，故选A。
11.—What do you think of the jacket and the hat I wear today?
—I don’t think this jacket ________ you and that your hat ________ this jacket perfectly.
A. suits; fits B. meets; fits C. matches; suits D. fits; matches
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：——你认为我今天穿得夹克衫和戴得帽子怎么样？——我认为这件夹克衫不适合你，你的帽子与你的夹克衫不匹配。meet指满足。fit 指大小、形状的合适，引申为吻合、协调。suit 指合乎需要、口味、条件、地位，以及花色、款式等与某人的皮肤、气质、身材或身份相称。match 多指大小、色调、形状、性质等的搭配。夹克衫是大小、形状是否适应某人，帽子和夹克衫是搭配，故选D。
12.5G has faster data transmission, lower delay and stronger mobility the conventional 4G.
A. in charge of
B. in defense of
C. in contrast to
D. in proportion to
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查固定词组辨析。句意：与传统的4G相比，5G有更快的数据传输、更低的延迟和更强的移动性。A. in charge of 负责，主管；B. in defense of 为……辩护；C. in contrast to与……形成对照；D. in proportion to与……成比例。此处指“4G数据与5G数据对比”，故选C。
13.Although he did not do it___________, he definitely had some responsibility.
A. instantly B. deliberately
C. accidentally D. casually
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。A. instantly立即地；B. deliberately故意地；C. accidentally意外地，偶然地；D. casually随便地。句意：虽然他不是故意这样做的，但他确实负有一定的责任。故选B.
14.Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion he wants their support.
A. since B. once C. unless D. after
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查状语从句从属连词。句意：汤姆非常独立，除非他想得到父母的支持，否则他从不征求父母的意见。A. since 自从……以来；B. once 一旦；C. unless 除非；D. after在……之后。此处表示“除非”需要父母的支持，所以是unless引导的条件状语从句。故选C。
15.We have entered into an age dreams have the best chance of coming true.
A. which B. what C. that D. when
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入了梦想最有可能实现的时代。此处age是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作时间状语，所以由when引导。故选D。
【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词age，再分析先行词age在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词age带到从句中可知，只能作时间状语，故确定关系词为when。
第二节:完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
With a combined total of 211 years between them, Charlotte and John Henderson, from Austin, Texas, are celebrating their 80th wedding anniversary. The two are ___16___ the oldest living couple on earth, according to Guinness World Records. John Henderson is 106 ___17___ Charlotte Henderson is 105.
The pair met in 1934 as ___18___ at the University of Texas, where Charlotte was studying to be a teacher and John played football. John was very ___19___ of football. Since 2010, he has had the ___20___ of being the oldest living former UT football player, and he ___21___ a game every year. The Hendersons, who have no children, have ___22___ at a retirement community in Austin, for the past decade. It is ___23___ that the retirement home helped to ___24___ an anniversary party for the couple. “In our ages, we’ve slowed down somewhat,” John Henderson _______25_______. “We used to go on cruises, but now we have to take it _______26_______. We like watching sports and talking about what we’re going to do.”
Henderson’s nephew Jason Free said the two were his _______27_______ role models. They love and really care for each other. “They don’t always _______28_______ the past,” Free said. “You won’t hear them say, ‘Oh, if only it were 1952 again, _______29_______ would be great.’ Instead, they are making plans for their _______30_______ together.”
Free noted that when his uncle is at a UT game or out _______31_______ friends, Charlotte usually will call to _______32_______ him. “She likes to know when John is going to be coming back to eat with her,” Free said.
As for the _______33_______ to their longevity, John Henderson puts it down to exercise and having a positive _______34_______. Then with a _______35_______ he added, “But some people think it’s because we’ve never had kids!”
16. A. naturally B. officially C. individually D. normally
17. A. so B. but C. as D. and
18. A. participants B. professors C. students D. players
19. A. fond B. sure C. afraid D. tired
20. A. qualification B. confidence C. truth D. distinction
21 A. organizes B. attends C. sponsors D. appreciates
22. A. aimed B. researched C. lived D. arrived
23. A. reported B. assumed C. suggested D. confirmed
24. A. deliver B. find C. show D. throw
25. A. announced B. recommended C. explained D. complained
26. A. seriously B. easy C. off D. away
27. A. relationship B. behavior C. career D. concept
28. A. overlook B. recall C. believe D. see
29. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
30. A. choices B. children C. retirement D. future
31. A. cheating B. inviting C. meeting D. making
32. A. pick up B. care about C. wait for D. check on
33. A. introduction B. tendency C. secret D. guide
34. A. attitude B. method C. theory D. comment
35. A. laugh B. sigh C. nod D. gesture
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. D 21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一对吉尼斯世界纪录认证为在世的最长寿夫妇的日常点滴和生活故事，他们相互关心，心态乐观，生活简单又美好。
【16题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们俩被吉尼斯世界纪录正式认证为地球上仍在世的最长寿夫妇。A. naturally自然地；B. officially正式地，官方地；C. individually私人地，个人地；D. normally正常地，通常地。根据句中Guinness World Records可知，他们获得的是正式的官方认证，故选B。
【17题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：约翰·亨德森106岁了，夏洛特·亨德森105岁了。A. so所以；B. but但是；C. as因为，由于，尽管，随着，正如；D. and和，与，然后。根据语境，连词前后两句内容并无因果、转折等各种关系，两者为各自独立的事实，宜用and作连接，故选D。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妻在1934年，他们还是得克萨斯州大学的学生的时候遇见彼此，当时夏洛特正在那里学习，准备当一名教师，而约翰在那里踢足球。A. participants参与者；B. professors教授；C. students学生；D. players球员，队员。根据下句Charlotte was studying to be a teacher可知，他们当时是学生身份，“John played football”不影响他本身是个学生的事实，而且夏洛特不是足球队员，故选C。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：约翰非常喜欢踢足球。A. fond喜欢的；B. sure确定的；C. afraid害怕的；D. tired劳累的。根据上下文可知，约翰一直在踢足球，十分喜欢，故选A。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从2010年开始，他便坐拥在世的最年长前UT足球队员这一荣誉，而且他每年都参加比赛。A. qualification资格，条件；B. confidence信心；C. truth事实；D. distinction荣誉，特性，差别。在世的最年长前队员属于他的一个荣誉，而qualification一般是指通过学习考试取得的资格学历，或是因足够熟练，具备某项技能或经验而取得的资格，而文中此处语境强调其年长（oldest），且是前队员，A选项并不够恰当准确，故选D。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从2010年开始，他便坐拥在世的最年长前UT足球队员这一荣誉，而且他每年都参加比赛。A. organizes组织；B. attends参加；C. sponsors赞助；D. appreciates欣赏。作为最年长队员，他每年都去打比赛（参加比赛），故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：亨德森夫妇没有子女，过去十年间，他们居住在奥斯汀的一个退休社区。A. aimed以……为目标；B. researched研究；C. lived居住；D. arrived到达。根据语境，他们现居住在退休老年人社区，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：据报道，养老院帮着为这对夫妇举办了周年纪念派对。A. reported报道；B. assumed假设；C. suggested 建议；D. confirmed确认，证实，批准。根据语境，据报道，养老院为他们举办了派对，且下文中有夫妇俩接受采访对外界所说的话，对本题有提示作用，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析，句意：据报道，养老院帮着为这对夫妇举办了周年纪念派对。A. deliver交付，发表，递送；B. find找到；C. show展示，演出，说明；D. throw投，抛，掷，举行（派对）。本题考查了动词的熟词生义，throw除了表示“扔”等意义之外，还可专门用于表示举行派对（throw a party），故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“到了我们这个岁数，节奏得稍微慢下来了，”约翰·亨德森解释道。A. announced宣布，宣称；B. recommended推荐，建议；C. explained解释；D. complained抱怨。约翰的话前后有两处，后一处是对前一处中所提“节奏慢下来”的解释，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们过去常常乘船游览，但现在我们不得不松懈下来。A. (take it) seriously认真对待，当真；B. (take it) easy从容，松懈，不急；C. (take it) off 脱下（衣服）；D. (take it) away拿走，带走东西。根据下文We like watching sports and talking about what we’re going to do及语境可知，约翰说他们现在节奏慢下来了，也就是对坐游艇游玩这些事没那么勤快了，松懈了许多，只有B符合语境，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：亨德森的外甥詹森·弗里说他们夫妻俩的关系是他学习的楷模。他们真心相爱，并关心对方。A. relationship关系；B. behavior行为；C. career事业；D. concept概念。结合语境，此处谈及的是夫妇俩的美好关系，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他们并不会总在回忆过去，”弗里说。A. overlook忽略，远眺，宽恕；B. recall回想起，回忆；C. believe相信；D. see看见。下文提到，夫妇俩虽年事已高，但仍然是展望未来的姿态，而非不停回忆过去，故选B。
29题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：噢，要是现在能回到1952年，那一切该是多好。A. something某事，某物；B. anything任何东西，任何事物；C. everything一切，万事；D. nothing没有什么。1952年他们正处于年轻气盛的人生时期，一切都是好的，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们正一起为未来做计划。A. choices选择；B. children孩子；C. retirement退休；D. future未来。结合上文，夫妻俩不会处处抱怨，沉浸在过去的美好生活里，相反地，他们一起为未来做着计划。“未来”与“过去”相对，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：弗里注意到，当他的叔叔去UT踢球打比赛或者外出见朋友的时候，夏洛特通常会打电话向他核实一下。A. cheating欺骗；B. inviting邀请；C. meeting面见，会见；D. making制作，交（朋友）。约翰的老年生活，要么是出去踢球，要么就是外出面见朋友（meet friends），外出交新朋友显然不符合此处语境，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：弗里注意到，当他的叔叔去UT踢球打比赛或者外出见朋友的时候，夏洛特通常会打电话向他核实一下。A. pick up捡起，接机；B. care about担心，关心；C. wait for等待；D. check on核实，检查。结合引号内容，约翰出去之后，她不清楚他回家的时间，所以打个电话过去核实一下，D符合语境。打电话过去肯定不是接机或是等待，且确认回家的时间，这属于“核实情况”更准确，而用“担心，关心”表述不准确。综上，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于长寿的秘诀，约翰·亨德森把它归因于运动锻炼和拥有积极的生活态度。A. introduction介绍，引言；B. tendency趋势；C. secret秘诀；D. guide指南。根据后半句中的“运动锻炼”和“拥有积极的态度”可知，这应是他们俩的长寿秘诀（secret to their longevity），故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于长寿的秘诀，约翰·亨德森把它归因于运动锻炼和拥有积极的生活态度。A. attitude态度；B. method方法；C. theory理论；D. comment评论。夫妇俩拥有的是积极的生活态度，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：接着他笑着补充道，“但是有些人认为这是因为我们从未生过孩子！”A. laugh笑；B. sigh叹气；C. nod点头；D. gesture姿势，手势。从约翰的话语内容，并结合语境可知他，此时正在调侃，故对应的神情应是“笑着说”，故选A。
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Headington Oxford
Headington Oxford Summer School is located in the beautiful city of Oxford, just a short walk from the centre. The summer school takes place at Headington School, one of the UK's top boarding schools.
Ages: 13-16
Dates: Wednesday 15 July — Wednesday 19 August
Location: Headington School in Oxford Certification: Academic Progress Report & Certificate
Academic Program
Headington Oxford Summer School offers students 15 hours of English teaching per week. Students can choose between our General English, Summer Study and Global Young Leaders courses. All classes at Headington Oxford Summer School are multi-national with a maximum of 15 students per class.
Social Program
At Headington Oxford Summer School, students enjoy a varied and fun multi-activity program, with a range of activities in the afternoon and evenings. Students can also choose English Plus+ options, to replace the multi-activity program, oil two afternoons per week for an additional cost. Social program is a supplementary(补充)to the Academic Program.
Excellent Education
At Summer Boarding Courses, our English Summer School programs help students to develop and use their English language skills in a real world setting. With students from over 95 different countries, we limit the number of students that speak the same language so that students are able to communicate with each other in English throughout their stay. Trips, project work and presentations throughout our British Summer School courses, help to develop the students' confidence and use of language in real life situations.
A Key Part of the Educational Journey
Joining a British Summer School is part of a student's educational journey. Whether they're attending one of our summer schools to learn English for the first time, develop their English language skills to study in the UK, or intending to prepare for further study at university, we have courses suitable to meet their needs.
CONTACT US MAKE A BOOKING
+44 (0)1943 878518infb@suinmerboardingcourscs.co.uk
36. What do you know about Headington Oxford Summer School?
A. It is far away from the city centre.
B. It offers programs to elementary school students.
C. Its programs are open to students from all over the world.
D. Its programs last no more than 4 weeks.
37. It can be known that the Social Program_______.
A. doesn't include English courses
B. is conducted during the day
C. is an addition to the Academic Program
D. allows students to participate voluntarily
38. Why does the summer school limit the number of students using the same language?
A. To encourage students to make friends.
B. To make students practice English more.
C. To build up students' confidence.
D. To attract more students to the courses.
39. The part "A Key Part of the Educational Journey" ______.
A. further promotes the summer school
B. explains the benefit of joining the summer school
C. explains the development of the summer school
D. predicts the future of the educational area in the UK
【答案】36. C 37. C 38. B 39. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍海丁顿牛津暑期学校。它位于美丽的牛津城，离市中心只有几步路。暑期学校在Headington学校举行，这是英国最好的寄宿学校之一。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据Academic Program中Students can choose between our General English, Summer Study and Global Young Leaders courses. All classes at Headington Oxford Summer School are multi-national with a maximum of 15 students per class.(学生可以在我们的普通英语、暑期学习和全球青年领袖课程中进行选择。海德顿牛津暑期学校的所有班级都是跨国的，每班最多15名学生。)可知，这所学校的课程对来自世界各地的学生开放。故选C。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据Social Program中Social program is a supplementary(补充)to the Academic Program.可知，社会计划是学术计划的补充。故选C。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据Excellent Education中With students from over 95 different countries, we limit the number of students that speak the same language so that students are able to communicate with each other in English throughout their stay.(对于来自95个不同国家的学生，我们限制说同一种语言的学生人数，以便学生们在逗留期间能够用英语交流。)可知，暑期学校限制使用同一种语言的学生人数是为了让学生多练习英语。故选B。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据A Key Part of the Educational Journey中Joining a British Summer School is part of a student's educational journey. Whether they're attending one of our summer schools to learn English for the first time, develop their English language skills to study in the UK, or intending to prepare for further study at university, we have courses suitable to meet their needs.(参加英国暑期学校是学生教育旅程的一部分。无论他们是第一次来我们的暑期学校学习英语，是为了提高他们的英语技能来英国学习，还是准备在大学继续深造，我们都有适合他们的课程。)可知，“教育之旅的关键部分”更进一步推广暑期学校。故选A。
B
A decade ago, colored lights danced around the living room on New Year's Eve and happy music was played. Upstairs, the children were asleep. But I wasn't feeling happy. In mid-December, my husband and I had been informed that he had cancer and that he was going to die. He had less than a year left, the doctors said.
In the years since that painful season, I have come to look back upon New Year's Eve as an ending and a beginning. New Year's Eve brings a halt to the endless commitments that fill our daily lives and a chance to reflect.
New Year's Eve is full of possibility, and anticipation. What will be the surprising experiences and delightful successes in the coming year? But also, what disappointments are waiting for us in the next twelve months?
In many ways, New Year's Eve and the days that surround it are a line between past and future. That line is made up of a series of moments of transition that take us out of the old and into the new. Transition can be challenging for many of us. It's about letting go of the familiar and diving headlong （迅猛地）into the unfamiliar.
Just as, back then, I had to face letting go of the life I had led with my beloved husband and stepping into a new world as a widowed（丧偶的）mom. I find that each year I have to step out of the version of me that suited the year that is ending and ease into the version of me who will rise to the goals I am holding for myself for the year ahead.
Last year at this time, I sat in a chair in southern France and drank in the stillness and beauty of the countryside around me. The three children and I had brought into this world talked and laughed around the table beside me as we enjoyed a lunch of bread and cheese.
I was filled with a sense of joy and I had a glowing （热情洋溢的）heart that was full of hope. It was another ending and another beginning. May we all transition into the best of what lies ahead. May we all find happiness in this holiday season.
40. What made the author unhappy on New Year's Eve a decade before?
A. The pressure she faced in her work.
B. The health problem her husband faced.
C. The information received from her family.
D. The relationship between her and husband.
41. What does the underlined word "halt" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Stop. B. Beginning. C. Meaning. D. Tradition.
42. What does the author think people should do at a new year?
A. Set challenging goals for the next year.
B. Break with daily routines and form a new habit.
C. Spend more time with family members.
D. Think about the past and get ready for the future.
43. What is the author's attitude toward the future?
A. Calm. B. Indifferent. C. Doubtful. D. Expectant.
44. What is the main purpose of the article?
A. To memorialize her husband.
B. To show how she got through a hard time.
C. To share her view of New Year's Eve.
D. To remind us that uncertainty is part of life.
【答案】40. B 41. A 42. D 43. D 44. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者分享了她对除夕夜的看法。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中In mid-December, my husband and I had been informed that he had cancer and that he was going to die.“12月中旬，我和丈夫被告知他患了癌症，生命垂危。”由此可知，10年前的新年前夜，她丈夫的健康问题让她很不开心。故选B。
【41题详解】
词义猜测题。.根据第二段第一句In the years since that painful season, I have come to look back upon New Year's Eve as an ending and a beginning.“在那个痛苦的季节之后的许多年里，我开始把除夕看作一个结束和一个开始。”和第二句中的the endless commitments that fill our daily lives and a chance to reflect.“充斥着我们日常生活的无尽的承诺，并带来一个反思的机会。”可知，要把无尽的承诺在除夕“停止”，由此推知划线词的意思是“停止”。故选A。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段In many ways, New Year's Eve and the days that surround it are a line between past and future. That line is made up of a series of moments of transition that take us out of the old and into the new. Transition can be challenging for many of us. It's about letting go of the familiar and diving headlong （迅猛地）into the unfamiliar.“从很多方面来说，除夕和新年前后的日子是过去和未来之间的一条线。这条线是由一系列转变的时刻组成的，这些转变把我们带出旧的，带进新的。过渡对我们很多人来说都是具有挑战性的。放手熟悉的，一头扎进不熟悉的。”由此可知，作者认为人们在新年应该“想想过去，为未来做好准备。”故选D。
43题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句I was filled with a sense of joy and I had a glowing （热情洋溢的）heart that was full of hope.“我心里充满了喜悦和希望。”由此可知，作者对未来充满了“期待”。故选D。.
【44题详解】
目的意图题。根据最后一段I was filled with a sense of joy and I had a glowing （热情洋溢的）heart that was full of hope. It was another ending and another beginning. May we all transition into the best of what lies ahead. May we all find happiness in this holiday season.“我心里充满了喜悦和希望。这是另一个结束，也是另一个开始。愿我们都能过渡到最好的未来。愿我们都能在这个佳节找到幸福。”由此可知，这篇文章的目的是“为了分享她对除夕夜的看法。”故选C。
【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。 这种题型主要包括细节判断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题和猜测想象推断题。本题第5小题，根据最后一段I was filled with a sense of joy and I had a glowing （热情洋溢的）heart that was full of hope. It was another ending and another beginning. May we all transition into the best of what lies ahead. May we all find happiness in this holiday season.“我心里充满了喜悦和希望。这是另一个结束，也是另一个开始。愿我们都能过渡到最好的未来。愿我们都能在这个佳节找到幸福。”由此可知，这篇文章的目的是“为了分享她对除夕夜的看法。”故选C。
C
From talking robots and video phones to rovers （探测器）on Mars, technology has become so advanced that the previously impossible seems to occur on a daily basis. And yet—we still have no cure for the common cold.
Why can't we stop the common cold? According to Peter Barlow, a scientist at Edinburgh Napier University in the UK, the main challenge lies in the many different types of cold viruses that are produced by the rhinoviruses （鼻病毒），Scientific American reported. There are at least 160 types. They mutate so easily that they quickly become resistant to drugs, or learn to hide from our immune systems. In other words, a single cure isn't likely to work on every type of cold.
However, researchers from Stanford University and the University of California, San Francisco, have found a possible answer. They discovered a protein that the viruses need. Without it, they can't spread inside your body.
To identify the gene which produces the specific protein needed by the viruses, researchers used a gene-editing technique to test all genes in the human genome（基因组）one by one for thousands of cell.
These modified （改变的）cells were then exposed to a range of enteroviruses （肠道病毒）， including the rhinoviruses which cause the common cold.
All the viruses were unable to replicate（复制）inside cells without a gene that produces a specific protein, called methyltransferase（甲基转移酶）SETD3.
Then, they tested genetically（从基因方面）modified mice, which were completely unable to produce the protein. The mice were able to live healthy, normal lives without the protein.
"Lacking that gene protected the mice completely from viral （病毒的）infection,” associate professor Jan Carette, from Stanford, told the BBC.
"These mice would always die, but they survived and we saw a very strong reduction in viral replication and very strong protection."
Carette said the plan is to find a drug which can temporarily suppress（抑制） the protein, instead of producing genetically modified humans.
“We have identified a fantastic target that all enteroviruses and rhinoviruses require and depend on. Take that away and the virus really has no chance," said Carette.
"This is a really good first step—the second step is to have a chemical that mimics（模拟） this genetic deletion,” he added.
45. What does the underlined word "mutate” mean in English?
A. To change a new form.
B. To identify a new gene.
C. To check a modified cell.
D. To cure a viral infection.
46. What is the article mainly about?
A. Why it is so hard to cure the common cold.
B. The possible link between rhinoviruses and the common cold.
C. A possible way to stop viral infections that cause the common cold.
D. The functions of a protein needed by viruses.
47. What does Peter Barlow think is the main problem for prevention of the common cold?
A. The slow mutation of some genes.
B. The fast speed at which rhinoviruses spread.
C. The harm rhinoviruses do to the immune system.
D. The wide variety of cold viruses created by rhinoviruses.
48. What can we learn about the protein needed by the viruses?
A. It helps the viruses replicate inside our bodies.
B. It allows the viruses to change easily.
C. It helps the viruses become resistant to drugs.
D. It increases the spread of the viruses.
49. What did the researchers discover in their gene-editing study?
A. Genetically modified mice died because they lacked the protein.
B. The modified cells seemed to protect the mice against viral infections.
C. More methyltransferase SETD3 was produced after the cells were modified.
D. The gene-editing technique was more effective against enteroviruses than rhinoviruses.
50. What do the researchers plan to do next, according to Carette?
A. Conduct experiments on genetically modified humans.
B. Identify a drug that can help reduce the protein.
C. Apply this gene-editing technique to control other viruses.
D. Find a chemical that can cure all enteroviruses and rhinoviruses.
【答案】45. A 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了斯坦福大学和旧金山加州大学的研究人员找到了一种可能阻止引起人们感染感冒病毒的方法——抑制一种叫做甲基转移酶SETD3的蛋白质，因为这种蛋白质能够帮助感冒病毒在我们体内复制。
【45题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“they quickly become resistant to drugs, or learn to hide from our immune systems.”可知，它们很快就会对药物产生抗药性，或者学会躲过我们的免疫系统，这说明这些病毒很容易变异，由此可知画线词词义为“变异（变成一种新类型的病毒）”，故A项正确。
【46题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第三段“However, researchers from Stanford University and the University of California, San Francisco, have found a possible answer. They discovered a protein that the viruses need. Without it, they can't spread inside your body.”可知，然而，斯坦福大学和旧金山加州大学的研究人员找到了一个可能的答案，他们发现了病毒需要的蛋白质。没有它，它们就不能在你体内扩散，由此可知，本文主要介绍的是科学家找到了一种可能阻止引起人们感染感冒病毒的方法，故C项正确。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Why can't we stop the common cold? According to Peter Barlow, a scientist at Edinburgh Napier University in the UK, the main challenge lies in the many different types of cold viruses that are produced by the rhinoviruses （鼻病毒），Scientific American reported. There are at least 160 types.”可知，为什么我们不能阻止感冒呢？据《科学美国人》报道，英国爱丁堡纳皮尔大学科学家彼得·巴洛称，主要挑战在于鼻病毒会产生至少160种不同类型的感冒病毒，由此可知，彼得·巴洛认为预防感冒的主要问题是由鼻病毒产生的多种感冒病毒，故D项正确。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中的“All the viruses were unable to replicate（复制）inside cells without a gene that produces a specific protein, called methyltransferase（甲基转移酶）SETD3.”可知，所有的病毒都不能在细胞内复制，因为它们没有一种基因，这种基因可以产生一种叫做甲基转移酶SETD3的蛋白质，由此可知，病毒所需的蛋白质能够帮助病毒在我们体内复制，故A项正确。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据第八段“"Lacking that gene protected the mice completely from viral （病毒的）infection,” associate professor Jan Carette, from Stanford, told the BBC.”可知，斯坦福大学的副教授简·卡雷特对英国广播公司说：“缺乏这种基因，老鼠就完全不受病毒感染”，由此可知，基因改变的细胞能够能保护小鼠免受病毒感染，故B项正确。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“"This is a really good first step—the second step is to have a chemical that mimics（模拟） this genetic deletion,” he added.”可知，“这是一个很好的第一步，第二步是让一种化学物质模拟这种基因缺失”，他（卡雷特）补充说，由此可知，卡雷特认为研究人员下一步打算找出一种能帮助减少这种蛋白质的药物，故B项正确。
【点睛】词义猜测题的难度较大，抓住画线词的上下文是关键，因为其往往会对画线词词义起到解释说明或举例说明的作用，例如本篇第1题，根据画线词后的“they quickly become resistant to drugs, or learn to hide from our immune systems.”可知，它们很快就会对药物产生抗药性，或者学会躲过我们的免疫系统，这是对画线词的解释说明，说明这些病毒很容易变异，由此可知画线词词义为“变异（变成一种新类型的病毒）”，故A项正确。
D
The US Postal Service(USPS) is losing billions of dollars a year. The government company that delivers "small mail" is losing out to email and other types of electronic communication. First-class mail amount fell from a high point of 104 million pieces in 2000 to just 64 million pieces by 2014.
Congress permits the 600,000-employee USPS to hold a monopoly over first-class and standard mail. The company pays no federal, state or local taxes；pays no vehicle fees； and is free from many regulations on other businesses. Despite these advantages, the USPS has lost 52 billion since 2007, and will continue losing money without major reforms.
The problem is that Congress is preventing the USPS from reducing costs as its sales decline, and is blocking efforts to end Saturday service and close unneeded post office locations. USPS also has a costly union-dominated workforce that slows the introduction of new ideas or methods down. USPS workers earn significantly higher payment than comparable private-sector workers. The answer is to privatize the USPS and open postal markets to competition. With the rise of the Internet, the argument that mail is a natural monopoly that needs government protection is weaker than ever.
Other countries facing declining letter amounts have made reforms. Germany and the Netherlands privatized their national postal companies over a decade ago, and other European countries have followed suit. Britain floated shares of the Royal Mail on its stock exchange in 2013. Some countries, such as Sweden and New Zealand, have not privatized their national postal companies, but they have opened them up to competition.
These reforms have driven efficiency improvements in all of these countries. Additional number of workers have been reduced, productivity has risen and consumers have benefited. Also, note that cost-cutting measures — such as closing some post offices — are good for both the economy and the environment.
Privatization and competition also encourage new changes. When the USPS monopoly over "extremely urgent" mail was stopped in 1979, we saw an explosion in efficient overnight private delivery by firms such as FedEx.
The government needs to wake up to changing technology, study postal reforms abroad and let businessmen reinvent（彻底改造）our out-of-date postal system.
51. What does the underlined word "monopoly" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. The act of solving a problem.
B. A duty to deal with something.
C. Complete control of a public service/goods.
D. The plan of investing money in something.
52. What do we know about the USPS?
A. Its great competitor is the delivery firm FedEx.
B. It is an old public service open to competitions.
C. Its employees don't pay federal, state or local taxes.
D. It has complete control of first-class and standard mail.
53. The author mentions some other countries in Paragraph 4 to_______ .
A. explain the procedures of reform to the USPS
B. show the advantages of private postal services
C. set some examples for the government to learn from
D. prove the situation is very common around the world
54. The author probably agrees that the USPS_______ .
A. needs government's protection as ever
B. can work together with other businesses
C. must be replaced by international companies
D. should be sold out and become a private service
55. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?
I： Introduction CP： Central point P： Point Sp： Sub-point C： Conclusion
A. B. C. D.
【答案】51. C 52. D 53. C 54. D 55. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。讲述美国邮政总局由于经营不善，连年赤字，急需采取措施改变现状。
【51题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文The company pays no federal, state or local taxes；pays no vehicle fees； and is free from many regulations on other businesses. (该公司不缴纳联邦、州或地方税;不缴纳车辆费;也不受其他业务的许多规定限制。) 可推断出划线词所在的句子意思是，国会允许拥有60万雇员的美国邮政公司垄断一等邮件和标准邮件。划线词词义为：垄断。C项“完全控制公共服务/商品”符合。故选C。
52题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Congress permits the 600,000-empIoyee USPS to hold a monopoly (垄断) over first-class and standard mail.(国会允许拥有60万雇员的美国邮政公司垄断一等邮件和标准邮件。)可知，它完全控制一等邮件和标准邮件。故选D。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段首句Other countries facing declining letter amounts have made reforms.(其他面临信件数量下降的国家也进行了改革。)以及文章最后一段作者希望政府研究国外邮政改革可知，作者在第四段提到了其他一些国家，是为政府树立了一些学习的榜样。故选C。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Privatization and competition also encourage new changes. When the USPS monopoly over "extremely urgent" mail was stopped in 1979, we saw an explosion in efficient overnight private delivery by firms such as FedEx.（私有化和竞争也鼓励新的变化。1979年，美国邮政停止了对“极急”邮件的垄断，我们看到了联邦快递(FedEx)等公司高效的隔夜私人投递业务的爆炸式增长。）以及最后一段 and let businessmen reinvent（彻底改造）our out-of-date postal system.（让商人们改造我们陈旧的邮政系统。）由此推断出，作者可能同意“美国邮政公司应该被出售，成为一种私人服务”这一观点。故选D。
【55题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，全文一共七段，第一段和第二段是背景信息，属于Introduction，第三段属于Central point，第四五段是观点1，第六段是观点2，第七段进行总结属于Conclusion。故选B。
第II卷（非选择题共35分）
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；毎小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，并按题目要求用英语回答问题。
I received a private message on Facebook。 It began harmlessly enough: "Hey, girl. Wanted to invite you to join my next challenge group ——we'll be focusing on fitting in 30 minutes of exercise and balanced nutrition.”
It was all becoming too much. Facebook was running my life, not me.
But what killed Facebook for me was when I posted a photo, and five minutes later my son asked me how many "likes" it had got. His question was a wake-up call.
"Likes" arc signs of acceptance and approval. I had forgotten that acceptance and approval need to come from within and had unknowingly set him a bad example.
Before Facebook, surfing the internet was an occasional distraction and I spent a lot more time reading books and magazines. I checked in with friends through texts, emails and phone calls.
To recreate the simplicity of those days and set a healthier example for my son, I deactivated my Facebook account.
I'd been in the habit of checking Facebook many times a day, so I had to come up with some new habits. I carried a novel and a crossword puzzle book around with me. I rediscovered knitting（针织）. I started taking yoga classes.
I started to remember a few things. My body is fine just the way it is. I have friends who will help me out when I'm in trouble, and I will help them out. I do my best to be a good mother, and our son is happy and healthy. We are very lucky to be able to afford two vacations a year.
I stopped looking at the world through my cellphone. I felt pleasant at the moment.
The break left me feeling better about myself, my family, my home and my life.
After a few weeks, I returned to Facebook. Now I look at the photos of my friends, kids growing up and treasure how social media allows me to keep in touch with family for and wide. I look in on a daily basis, but no longer with the desire constantly to post updates.
It is not an addiction any more.
56. When the author's son asked her how many “likes" it had got, what's the author's reaction to the question? （no more than 10 words）
57. The underlined word “deactivate" in Paragraph 6 mean in English? (I word)
58. What did the author do to change her life?（no more than 5 words）
59. What did the author think of the break from Facebook? (no more than 15 words)
60. What do you think is the best way to use social media? Please explain.(no more than 25 words)
【答案】56. Her son's question was a wake-up call.
57. Close. 58. She developed some healthy habits.
59. It gave her time to find beauty in life.
Or: The break left her feeling better about herself, her family, her home and her life.
60. Open. (I think we should use social media moderately. Because using it moderately can't result in distraction and waste a lot of time.)
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者之前的生活被Facebook控制了，过分在乎网络中别人是否“喜欢”，因此作者决定脱离Facebook，活在当下，享受现在的生活。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的five minutes later my son asked me how many "likes" it had got. His question was a wake-up call.可知，儿子的问题对作者是一个警醒。根据字数，故答案为Her son's question was a wake-up call.
【57题详解】
词义猜测题。文中第六段提到To recreate the simplicity of those days and set a healthier example to my son，作者想要恢复之前简单的生活，想要给儿子树立一个好的榜样，同时第一段也提到作者在打开Facebook时有些信息打扰，因此作者想要关掉Facebook。因此推断划线词deactivate意思是：关闭，根据字数，故答案为Close。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。文章第7段提到I had to come up with some new habits. I carried a novel and a crossword puzzle book around with me. I rediscovered knitting. I started taking yoga classes.可知，作者不玩Facebook后培养了一些新的兴趣，如随时看书、上瑜伽课等，这些都是非常健康的兴趣，根据字数故答案为She developed some healthy habits.
【59题详解】
推理判断题。文章倒数三、四段I stopped looking at the world through my cellphone. I felt pleasant at the moment. The break left me feeling better about myself, my family, my home and my life.阐述停止通过手机看世界。作者感到很愉快。休息使作者对自己、家庭、和生活感觉更好。因此推断作者认为脱落了Facebook，有了时间发现生活中的美，休息让自己对自己、家庭、和生活感觉更好。根据词数，故答案为It gave her time to find beauty in life. Or: The break left her feeling better about herself, her family, her home and her life.
【60题详解】
开放题。根据文章可知，对于社交媒体 ，要理智对待，适度使用，适度使用它才不会导致分心和浪费大量时间。注意考虑词数。参考答案为Open. (I think we should use social media moderately. Because using it moderately can't result in distraction and waste a lot of time.)
第二节 书面表达
61.假设你是高三学生李津，毕业后想去香港大学。请你给该校领导写一封电子邮件， 询问一些相关事宜。
1.对该校的法学院感兴趣，如何才能被相关专业录取；
2.是否需要参加英语考试；
3.该校的奖学金、学费、食宿安排和生活费用等情况。
注意：
1.邮件须包含以上所有内容，可适当增加细节；
2.开头已给出，不计入总词数，不少于100词。
参考词汇：香港大学 University of Hong Kong 法学院 Faculty of Law
Dear Sir/Madam,
My name is Li Hua,_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
My name is Li Hua, a Senior 3 student. Soon I will graduate and I plan to study in your university, so I'm writing to ask for some information.
I'm desperately interested in law and the subjects in your university are particularly famous. We all know that law is the principle of the society. Furthermore, helping the people in trouble is always my dream and I really want to be something in this field. So I wonder how I can be a student in your Faculty of Law. Do I have to take the English tests? How can I apply for the scholarship? How do you arrange accommodations for mainland students? What will the usual living costs be like?
Your timely reply would be much appreciated.
Yours truly,
Li Jin
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达考查应用文写作。
【详解】第一步：明确要求。假设你是高三学生李津，毕业后想去香港大学。请你给该校领导写一封电子邮件， 询问一些相关事宜。1.对该校的法学院感兴趣，如何才能被相关专业录取；2.是否需要参加英语考试；3.该校的奖学金、学费、食宿安排和生活费用等情况。
第二步：列关键词。
Graduate；ask for；desperately；interested in；principle；in trouble；wonder；take the test；apply for；scholarship；arrange accommodation；the usual living cost等等。
第三步：连词成句。根据列出的关键词造句，注意主谓一致，时态语态等语法。
第四步：连句成文。注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡。
注意，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。高级句型有：Furthermore, helping the people in trouble is always my dream and I really want to be something in this field.使用了动名词做主语；Your timely reply would be much appreciated.使用了被动语态。文章没有汉氏英语，体现了作者较高的英语能力。
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